Technique
stringclasses
79 values
Technique_ID
stringclasses
79 values
Technique_Description
stringclasses
79 values
Tactic
stringclasses
22 values
Tactic_Description
stringclasses
22 values
Mitigation Name
stringclasses
51 values
Mitigation Technology Description
float64
MIT_ID
stringclasses
51 values
Mitigation_Description
stringclasses
51 values
NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 4
stringclasses
26 values
IEC 62443-3-3:2013
stringclasses
18 values
IEC 62443-4-2:2019
stringclasses
22 values
References
stringclasses
24 values
Reference_Link
stringclasses
23 values
ICS_ASSET
stringclasses
8 values
DATA_Source
stringclasses
49 values
Purdue_Model_Level
stringclasses
5 values
MAT_MIT_REF_Links
stringclasses
51 values
MAT_TEC_REF_Links
stringclasses
79 values
Loss of Availability
T0826
Adversaries may attempt to disrupt essential components or systems to prevent owner and operator from delivering products or services.
Impact
The adversary is trying to manipulate, interrupt, or destroy your ICS systems, data, and their surrounding environment.
Redundancy of Service
null
M0811
Redundancy could be provided for both critical ICS devices and services, such as back-up devices or hot-standbys.
CP-9
null
null
1. M. Rentschler and H. Heine. (n.d.). The Parallel Redundancy Protocol for industrial IP networks. Retrieved September 25, 2020.
https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/6505877
null
null
null
https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0811
https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0826
Loss of Control
T0827
Adversaries may seek to achieve a sustained loss of control or a runaway condition in which operators cannot issue any commands even if the malicious interference has subsided.
Impact
The adversary is trying to manipulate, interrupt, or destroy your ICS systems, data, and their surrounding environment.
Data Backup
null
M0953
Take and store data backups from end user systems and critical servers. Ensure backup and storage systems are hardened and kept separate from the corporate network to prevent compromise. Maintain and exercise incident response plans [1], including the management of 'gold-copy' back-up images and configurations for key systems to enable quick recovery and response from adversarial activities that impact control, view, or availability.
CP-9
SR 7.3
CR 7.3
1. Department of Homeland Security 2009, October Developing an Industrial Control Systems Cybersecurity Incident Response Capability Retrieved. 2020/09/17
https://us-cert.cisa.gov/sites/default/files/recommended_practices/final-RP_ics_cybersecurity_incident_response_100609.pdf
null
null
null
https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0953
https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0827
Loss of Control
T0827
Adversaries may seek to achieve a sustained loss of control or a runaway condition in which operators cannot issue any commands even if the malicious interference has subsided.
Impact
The adversary is trying to manipulate, interrupt, or destroy your ICS systems, data, and their surrounding environment.
Out-of-Band Communications Channel
null
M0810
Have alternative methods to support communication requirements during communication failures and data integrity attacks. [1] [2]
SC-37
null
null
1. National Institute of Standards and Technology. (2013, April). Security and Privacy Controls for Federal Information Systems and Organizations. Retrieved September 17, 2020.
https://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf
null
null
null
https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0810
https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0827
Loss of Control
T0827
Adversaries may seek to achieve a sustained loss of control or a runaway condition in which operators cannot issue any commands even if the malicious interference has subsided.
Impact
The adversary is trying to manipulate, interrupt, or destroy your ICS systems, data, and their surrounding environment.
Redundancy of Service
null
M0811
Redundancy could be provided for both critical ICS devices and services, such as back-up devices or hot-standbys.
CP-9
null
null
1. M. Rentschler and H. Heine. (n.d.). The Parallel Redundancy Protocol for industrial IP networks. Retrieved September 25, 2020.
https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/6505877
null
null
null
https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0811
https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0827
Loss of Productivity and Revenue
T0828
Adversaries may cause loss of productivity and revenue through disruption and even damage to the availability and integrity of control system operations, devices, and related processes. This technique may manifest as a direct effect of an ICS-targeting attack or tangentially, due to an IT-targeting attack against non-segregated environments.
Impact
The adversary is trying to manipulate, interrupt, or destroy your ICS systems, data, and their surrounding environment.
Data Backup
null
M0953
Take and store data backups from end user systems and critical servers. Ensure backup and storage systems are hardened and kept separate from the corporate network to prevent compromise. Maintain and exercise incident response plans [1], including the management of 'gold-copy' back-up images and configurations for key systems to enable quick recovery and response from adversarial activities that impact control, view, or availability.
CP-9
SR 7.3
CR 7.3
1. Department of Homeland Security 2009, October Developing an Industrial Control Systems Cybersecurity Incident Response Capability Retrieved. 2020/09/17
https://us-cert.cisa.gov/sites/default/files/recommended_practices/final-RP_ics_cybersecurity_incident_response_100609.pdf
null
null
null
https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0953
https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0828
Loss of Protection
T0837
Adversaries may compromise protective system functions designed to prevent the effects of faults and abnormal conditions. This can result in equipment damage, prolonged process disruptions and hazards to personnel.
Impact
The adversary is trying to manipulate, interrupt, or destroy your ICS systems, data, and their surrounding environment.
No Mitigation
null
M0000
This type of attack technique cannot be easily mitigated with preventive controls since it is based on the abuse of system features.
null
null
null
null
null
null
null
null
https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0837
https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0837
Loss of Safety
T0880
Adversaries may compromise safety system functions designed to maintain safe operation of a process when unacceptable or dangerous conditions occur. Safety systems are often composed of the same elements as control systems but have the sole purpose of ensuring the process fails in a predetermined safe manner.
Impact
The adversary is trying to manipulate, interrupt, or destroy your ICS systems, data, and their surrounding environment.
Mechanical Protection Layers
null
M0805
Utilize a layered protection design based on physical or mechanical protection systems to prevent damage to property, equipment, human safety, or the environment. Examples include interlocks, rupture disk, release values, etc. [1]
null
null
null
1. A G Foord, W G Gulland, C R Howard, T Kellacher, W H Smith. (2004). APPLYING THE LATEST STANDARD FOR FUNCTIONAL SAFETY — IEC 61511. Retrieved September 17, 2020.
https://www.icheme.org/media/9906/xviii-paper-23.pdf
null
null
null
https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0805
https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0880
Loss of Safety
T0880
Adversaries may compromise safety system functions designed to maintain safe operation of a process when unacceptable or dangerous conditions occur. Safety systems are often composed of the same elements as control systems but have the sole purpose of ensuring the process fails in a predetermined safe manner.
Impact
The adversary is trying to manipulate, interrupt, or destroy your ICS systems, data, and their surrounding environment.
Safety Instrumented Systems
null
M0812
Utilize Safety Instrumented Systems (SIS) to provide an additional layer of protection to hazard scenarios that may cause property damage. A SIS will typically include sensors, logic solvers, and a final control element that can be used to automatically respond to an hazardous condition [1] . Ensure that all SISs are segmented from operational networks to prevent them from being targeted by additional adversarial behavior.
null
null
null
null
null
null
null
null
https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0812
https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0880
Loss of View
T0829
Adversaries may cause a sustained or permanent loss of view where the ICS equipment will require local, hands-on operator intervention; for instance, a restart or manual operation. By causing a sustained reporting or visibility loss, the adversary can effectively hide the present state of operations. This loss of view can occur without affecting the physical processes themselves.
Impact
The adversary is trying to manipulate, interrupt, or destroy your ICS systems, data, and their surrounding environment.
Data Backup
null
M0953
Take and store data backups from end user systems and critical servers. Ensure backup and storage systems are hardened and kept separate from the corporate network to prevent compromise. Maintain and exercise incident response plans [1], including the management of 'gold-copy' back-up images and configurations for key systems to enable quick recovery and response from adversarial activities that impact control, view, or availability.
CP-9
SR 7.3
CR 7.3
1. Department of Homeland Security 2009, October Developing an Industrial Control Systems Cybersecurity Incident Response Capability Retrieved. 2020/09/17
https://us-cert.cisa.gov/sites/default/files/recommended_practices/final-RP_ics_cybersecurity_incident_response_100609.pdf
Engineering Workstation
null
Level 0 Level 1 Level 2
https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0953
https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0829
Loss of View
T0829
Adversaries may cause a sustained or permanent loss of view where the ICS equipment will require local, hands-on operator intervention; for instance, a restart or manual operation. By causing a sustained reporting or visibility loss, the adversary can effectively hide the present state of operations. This loss of view can occur without affecting the physical processes themselves.
Impact
The adversary is trying to manipulate, interrupt, or destroy your ICS systems, data, and their surrounding environment.
Data Backup
null
M0953
Take and store data backups from end user systems and critical servers. Ensure backup and storage systems are hardened and kept separate from the corporate network to prevent compromise. Maintain and exercise incident response plans [1], including the management of 'gold-copy' back-up images and configurations for key systems to enable quick recovery and response from adversarial activities that impact control, view, or availability.
CP-9
SR 7.3
CR 7.3
1. Department of Homeland Security 2009, October Developing an Industrial Control Systems Cybersecurity Incident Response Capability Retrieved. 2020/09/17
https://us-cert.cisa.gov/sites/default/files/recommended_practices/final-RP_ics_cybersecurity_incident_response_100609.pdf
Human-Machine Interface
null
Level 1 Level 2
https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0953
https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0829
Loss of View
T0829
Adversaries may cause a sustained or permanent loss of view where the ICS equipment will require local, hands-on operator intervention; for instance, a restart or manual operation. By causing a sustained reporting or visibility loss, the adversary can effectively hide the present state of operations. This loss of view can occur without affecting the physical processes themselves.
Impact
The adversary is trying to manipulate, interrupt, or destroy your ICS systems, data, and their surrounding environment.
Out-of-Band Communications Channel
null
M0810
Have alternative methods to support communication requirements during communication failures and data integrity attacks. [1] [2]
SC-37
null
null
1. National Institute of Standards and Technology. (2013, April). Security and Privacy Controls for Federal Information Systems and Organizations. Retrieved September 17, 2020.
https://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf
Engineering Workstation
null
Level 0 Level 1 Level 2
https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0810
https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0829
Loss of View
T0829
Adversaries may cause a sustained or permanent loss of view where the ICS equipment will require local, hands-on operator intervention; for instance, a restart or manual operation. By causing a sustained reporting or visibility loss, the adversary can effectively hide the present state of operations. This loss of view can occur without affecting the physical processes themselves.
Impact
The adversary is trying to manipulate, interrupt, or destroy your ICS systems, data, and their surrounding environment.
Out-of-Band Communications Channel
null
M0810
Have alternative methods to support communication requirements during communication failures and data integrity attacks. [1] [2]
SC-37
null
null
1. National Institute of Standards and Technology. (2013, April). Security and Privacy Controls for Federal Information Systems and Organizations. Retrieved September 17, 2020.
https://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf
Human-Machine Interface
null
Level 1 Level 2
https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0810
https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0829
Loss of View
T0829
Adversaries may cause a sustained or permanent loss of view where the ICS equipment will require local, hands-on operator intervention; for instance, a restart or manual operation. By causing a sustained reporting or visibility loss, the adversary can effectively hide the present state of operations. This loss of view can occur without affecting the physical processes themselves.
Impact
The adversary is trying to manipulate, interrupt, or destroy your ICS systems, data, and their surrounding environment.
Redundancy of Service
null
M0811
Redundancy could be provided for both critical ICS devices and services, such as back-up devices or hot-standbys.
CP-9
null
null
1. M. Rentschler and H. Heine. (n.d.). The Parallel Redundancy Protocol for industrial IP networks. Retrieved September 25, 2020.
https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/6505877
Engineering Workstation
null
Level 0 Level 1 Level 2
https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0811
https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0829
Loss of View
T0829
Adversaries may cause a sustained or permanent loss of view where the ICS equipment will require local, hands-on operator intervention; for instance, a restart or manual operation. By causing a sustained reporting or visibility loss, the adversary can effectively hide the present state of operations. This loss of view can occur without affecting the physical processes themselves.
Impact
The adversary is trying to manipulate, interrupt, or destroy your ICS systems, data, and their surrounding environment.
Redundancy of Service
null
M0811
Redundancy could be provided for both critical ICS devices and services, such as back-up devices or hot-standbys.
CP-9
null
null
1. M. Rentschler and H. Heine. (n.d.). The Parallel Redundancy Protocol for industrial IP networks. Retrieved September 25, 2020.
https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/6505877
Human-Machine Interface
null
Level 1 Level 2
https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0811
https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0829
Manipulate I/O Image
T0835
Adversaries may manipulate the I/O image of PLCs through various means to prevent them from functioning as expected. Methods of I/O image manipulation may include overriding the I/O table via direct memory manipulation or using the override function used for testing PLC programs. During the scan cycle, a PLC reads the status of all inputs and stores them in an image table. The image table is the PLCs internal storage location where values of inputs/outputs for one scan are stored while it executes the user program. After the PLC has solved the entire logic program, it updates the output image table. The contents of this output image table are written to the corresponding output points in I/O Modules.
Inhibit Response Function
The adversary is trying to prevent your safety, protection, quality assurance, and operator intervention functions from responding to a failure, hazard, or unsafe state.
Mitigation Limited or Not Effective
null
M0816
This type of attack technique cannot be easily mitigated with preventative controls since it is based on the abuse of system features.
null
null
null
null
null
Field Controller/RTU/PLC/IED
Operational Databases: Process History/Live Data, Operational Databases: Device Alarm
Level 0 Level 1
https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0816
https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0835
Manipulation of Control
T0831
Adversaries may manipulate physical process control within the industrial environment. Methods of manipulating control can include changes to set point values, tags, or other parameters. Adversaries may manipulate control systems devices or possibly leverage their own, to communicate with and command physical control processes. The duration of manipulation may be temporary or longer sustained, depending on operator detection.
Impact
The adversary is trying to manipulate, interrupt, or destroy your ICS systems, data, and their surrounding environment.
Communication Authenticity
null
M0802
When communicating over an untrusted network, utilize secure network protocols that both authenticate the message sender and can verify its integrity. This can be done either through message authentication codes (MACs) or digital signatures, to detect spoofed network messages and unauthorized connections.
SC-8; SC-23
SR 3.1
CR 3.1
1. CISA. (2010, March 11). https://us-cert.cisa.gov/ncas/tips/ST05-003. Retrieved September 25, 2020.
https://us-cert.cisa.gov/ncas/tips/ST05-003
null
null
null
https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0802
https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0831
Manipulation of Control
T0831
Adversaries may manipulate physical process control within the industrial environment. Methods of manipulating control can include changes to set point values, tags, or other parameters. Adversaries may manipulate control systems devices or possibly leverage their own, to communicate with and command physical control processes. The duration of manipulation may be temporary or longer sustained, depending on operator detection.
Impact
The adversary is trying to manipulate, interrupt, or destroy your ICS systems, data, and their surrounding environment.
Data Backup
null
M0953
Take and store data backups from end user systems and critical servers. Ensure backup and storage systems are hardened and kept separate from the corporate network to prevent compromise. Maintain and exercise incident response plans [1], including the management of 'gold-copy' back-up images and configurations for key systems to enable quick recovery and response from adversarial activities that impact control, view, or availability.
CP-9
SR 7.3
CR 7.3
1. Department of Homeland Security 2009, October Developing an Industrial Control Systems Cybersecurity Incident Response Capability Retrieved. 2020/09/17
https://us-cert.cisa.gov/sites/default/files/recommended_practices/final-RP_ics_cybersecurity_incident_response_100609.pdf
null
null
null
https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0953
https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0831
Manipulation of Control
T0831
Adversaries may manipulate physical process control within the industrial environment. Methods of manipulating control can include changes to set point values, tags, or other parameters. Adversaries may manipulate control systems devices or possibly leverage their own, to communicate with and command physical control processes. The duration of manipulation may be temporary or longer sustained, depending on operator detection.
Impact
The adversary is trying to manipulate, interrupt, or destroy your ICS systems, data, and their surrounding environment.
Out-of-Band Communications Channel
null
M0810
Have alternative methods to support communication requirements during communication failures and data integrity attacks. [1] [2]
SC-37
null
null
1. National Institute of Standards and Technology. (2013, April). Security and Privacy Controls for Federal Information Systems and Organizations. Retrieved September 17, 2020.
https://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf
null
null
null
https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0810
https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0831
Manipulation of View
T0832
Adversaries may attempt to manipulate the information reported back to operators or controllers. This manipulation may be short term or sustained. During this time the process itself could be in a much different state than what is reported.
Impact
The adversary is trying to manipulate, interrupt, or destroy your ICS systems, data, and their surrounding environment.
Communication Authenticity
null
M0802
When communicating over an untrusted network, utilize secure network protocols that both authenticate the message sender and can verify its integrity. This can be done either through message authentication codes (MACs) or digital signatures, to detect spoofed network messages and unauthorized connections.
SC-8; SC-23
SR 3.1
CR 3.1
1. CISA. (2010, March 11). https://us-cert.cisa.gov/ncas/tips/ST05-003. Retrieved September 25, 2020.
https://us-cert.cisa.gov/ncas/tips/ST05-003
Engineering Workstation
null
Level 0 Level 1 Level 2
https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0802
https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0832
Manipulation of View
T0832
Adversaries may attempt to manipulate the information reported back to operators or controllers. This manipulation may be short term or sustained. During this time the process itself could be in a much different state than what is reported.
Impact
The adversary is trying to manipulate, interrupt, or destroy your ICS systems, data, and their surrounding environment.
Communication Authenticity
null
M0802
When communicating over an untrusted network, utilize secure network protocols that both authenticate the message sender and can verify its integrity. This can be done either through message authentication codes (MACs) or digital signatures, to detect spoofed network messages and unauthorized connections.
SC-8; SC-23
SR 3.1
CR 3.1
1. CISA. (2010, March 11). https://us-cert.cisa.gov/ncas/tips/ST05-003. Retrieved September 25, 2020.
https://us-cert.cisa.gov/ncas/tips/ST05-003
Field Controller/RTU/PLC/IED
null
Level 0 Level 1
https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0802
https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0832
Manipulation of View
T0832
Adversaries may attempt to manipulate the information reported back to operators or controllers. This manipulation may be short term or sustained. During this time the process itself could be in a much different state than what is reported.
Impact
The adversary is trying to manipulate, interrupt, or destroy your ICS systems, data, and their surrounding environment.
Communication Authenticity
null
M0802
When communicating over an untrusted network, utilize secure network protocols that both authenticate the message sender and can verify its integrity. This can be done either through message authentication codes (MACs) or digital signatures, to detect spoofed network messages and unauthorized connections.
SC-8; SC-23
SR 3.1
CR 3.1
1. CISA. (2010, March 11). https://us-cert.cisa.gov/ncas/tips/ST05-003. Retrieved September 25, 2020.
https://us-cert.cisa.gov/ncas/tips/ST05-003
Human-Machine Interface
null
Level 1 Level 2
https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0802
https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0832
Manipulation of View
T0832
Adversaries may attempt to manipulate the information reported back to operators or controllers. This manipulation may be short term or sustained. During this time the process itself could be in a much different state than what is reported.
Impact
The adversary is trying to manipulate, interrupt, or destroy your ICS systems, data, and their surrounding environment.
Data Backup
null
M0953
Take and store data backups from end user systems and critical servers. Ensure backup and storage systems are hardened and kept separate from the corporate network to prevent compromise. Maintain and exercise incident response plans [1], including the management of 'gold-copy' back-up images and configurations for key systems to enable quick recovery and response from adversarial activities that impact control, view, or availability.
CP-9
SR 7.3
CR 7.3
1. Department of Homeland Security 2009, October Developing an Industrial Control Systems Cybersecurity Incident Response Capability Retrieved. 2020/09/17
https://us-cert.cisa.gov/sites/default/files/recommended_practices/final-RP_ics_cybersecurity_incident_response_100609.pdf
Engineering Workstation
null
Level 0 Level 1 Level 2
https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0953
https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0832
Manipulation of View
T0832
Adversaries may attempt to manipulate the information reported back to operators or controllers. This manipulation may be short term or sustained. During this time the process itself could be in a much different state than what is reported.
Impact
The adversary is trying to manipulate, interrupt, or destroy your ICS systems, data, and their surrounding environment.
Data Backup
null
M0953
Take and store data backups from end user systems and critical servers. Ensure backup and storage systems are hardened and kept separate from the corporate network to prevent compromise. Maintain and exercise incident response plans [1], including the management of 'gold-copy' back-up images and configurations for key systems to enable quick recovery and response from adversarial activities that impact control, view, or availability.
CP-9
SR 7.3
CR 7.3
1. Department of Homeland Security 2009, October Developing an Industrial Control Systems Cybersecurity Incident Response Capability Retrieved. 2020/09/17
https://us-cert.cisa.gov/sites/default/files/recommended_practices/final-RP_ics_cybersecurity_incident_response_100609.pdf
Field Controller/RTU/PLC/IED
null
Level 0 Level 1
https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0953
https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0832
Manipulation of View
T0832
Adversaries may attempt to manipulate the information reported back to operators or controllers. This manipulation may be short term or sustained. During this time the process itself could be in a much different state than what is reported.
Impact
The adversary is trying to manipulate, interrupt, or destroy your ICS systems, data, and their surrounding environment.
Data Backup
null
M0953
Take and store data backups from end user systems and critical servers. Ensure backup and storage systems are hardened and kept separate from the corporate network to prevent compromise. Maintain and exercise incident response plans [1], including the management of 'gold-copy' back-up images and configurations for key systems to enable quick recovery and response from adversarial activities that impact control, view, or availability.
CP-9
SR 7.3
CR 7.3
1. Department of Homeland Security 2009, October Developing an Industrial Control Systems Cybersecurity Incident Response Capability Retrieved. 2020/09/17
https://us-cert.cisa.gov/sites/default/files/recommended_practices/final-RP_ics_cybersecurity_incident_response_100609.pdf
Human-Machine Interface
null
Level 1 Level 2
https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0953
https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0832
Manipulation of View
T0832
Adversaries may attempt to manipulate the information reported back to operators or controllers. This manipulation may be short term or sustained. During this time the process itself could be in a much different state than what is reported.
Impact
The adversary is trying to manipulate, interrupt, or destroy your ICS systems, data, and their surrounding environment.
Out-of-Band Communications Channel
null
M0810
Have alternative methods to support communication requirements during communication failures and data integrity attacks. [1] [2]
SC-37
null
null
1. National Institute of Standards and Technology. (2013, April). Security and Privacy Controls for Federal Information Systems and Organizations. Retrieved September 17, 2020.
https://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf
Engineering Workstation
null
Level 0 Level 1 Level 2
https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0810
https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0832
Manipulation of View
T0832
Adversaries may attempt to manipulate the information reported back to operators or controllers. This manipulation may be short term or sustained. During this time the process itself could be in a much different state than what is reported.
Impact
The adversary is trying to manipulate, interrupt, or destroy your ICS systems, data, and their surrounding environment.
Out-of-Band Communications Channel
null
M0810
Have alternative methods to support communication requirements during communication failures and data integrity attacks. [1] [2]
SC-37
null
null
1. National Institute of Standards and Technology. (2013, April). Security and Privacy Controls for Federal Information Systems and Organizations. Retrieved September 17, 2020.
https://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf
Field Controller/RTU/PLC/IED
null
Level 0 Level 1
https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0810
https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0832
Manipulation of View
T0832
Adversaries may attempt to manipulate the information reported back to operators or controllers. This manipulation may be short term or sustained. During this time the process itself could be in a much different state than what is reported.
Impact
The adversary is trying to manipulate, interrupt, or destroy your ICS systems, data, and their surrounding environment.
Out-of-Band Communications Channel
null
M0810
Have alternative methods to support communication requirements during communication failures and data integrity attacks. [1] [2]
SC-37
null
null
1. National Institute of Standards and Technology. (2013, April). Security and Privacy Controls for Federal Information Systems and Organizations. Retrieved September 17, 2020.
https://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf
Human-Machine Interface
null
Level 1 Level 2
https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0810
https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0832
Masquerading
T0849
Adversaries may use masquerading to disguise a malicious application or executable as another file, to avoid operator and engineer suspicion. Possible disguises of these masquerading files can include commonly found programs, expected vendor executables and configuration files, and other commonplace application and naming conventions. By impersonating expected and vendor-relevant files and applications, operators and engineers may not notice the presence of the underlying malicious content and possibly end up running those masquerading as legitimate functions.
Evasion
The adversary is trying to avoid security defenses.
Code Signing
null
M0945
Enforce binary and application integrity with digital signature verification to prevent untrusted code from executing.
SI-7
SR 3.4
CR 3.4
null
null
Control Server
Command: Command Execution, File: File Metadata, File: File Modification, Process: Process Metadata, Scheduled Job: Scheduled Job Metadata, Scheduled Job: Scheduled Job Modification, Service: Service Creation, Service: Service Metadata
Level 2
https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0945
https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0849
Masquerading
T0849
Adversaries may use masquerading to disguise a malicious application or executable as another file, to avoid operator and engineer suspicion. Possible disguises of these masquerading files can include commonly found programs, expected vendor executables and configuration files, and other commonplace application and naming conventions. By impersonating expected and vendor-relevant files and applications, operators and engineers may not notice the presence of the underlying malicious content and possibly end up running those masquerading as legitimate functions.
Evasion
The adversary is trying to avoid security defenses.
Code Signing
null
M0945
Enforce binary and application integrity with digital signature verification to prevent untrusted code from executing.
SI-7
SR 3.4
CR 3.4
null
null
Human-Machine Interface
Command: Command Execution, File: File Metadata, File: File Modification, Process: Process Metadata, Scheduled Job: Scheduled Job Metadata, Scheduled Job: Scheduled Job Modification, Service: Service Creation, Service: Service Metadata
Level 1 Level 2
https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0945
https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0849
Masquerading
T0849
Adversaries may use masquerading to disguise a malicious application or executable as another file, to avoid operator and engineer suspicion. Possible disguises of these masquerading files can include commonly found programs, expected vendor executables and configuration files, and other commonplace application and naming conventions. By impersonating expected and vendor-relevant files and applications, operators and engineers may not notice the presence of the underlying malicious content and possibly end up running those masquerading as legitimate functions.
Evasion
The adversary is trying to avoid security defenses.
Execution Prevention
null
M0938
Block execution of code on a system through application control, and/or script blocking.
SI-3
SR 3.2
CR 3.2
null
null
Control Server
Command: Command Execution, File: File Metadata, File: File Modification, Process: Process Metadata, Scheduled Job: Scheduled Job Metadata, Scheduled Job: Scheduled Job Modification, Service: Service Creation, Service: Service Metadata
Level 2
https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0938
https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0849
Masquerading
T0849
Adversaries may use masquerading to disguise a malicious application or executable as another file, to avoid operator and engineer suspicion. Possible disguises of these masquerading files can include commonly found programs, expected vendor executables and configuration files, and other commonplace application and naming conventions. By impersonating expected and vendor-relevant files and applications, operators and engineers may not notice the presence of the underlying malicious content and possibly end up running those masquerading as legitimate functions.
Evasion
The adversary is trying to avoid security defenses.
Execution Prevention
null
M0938
Block execution of code on a system through application control, and/or script blocking.
SI-3
SR 3.2
CR 3.2
null
null
Human-Machine Interface
Command: Command Execution, File: File Metadata, File: File Modification, Process: Process Metadata, Scheduled Job: Scheduled Job Metadata, Scheduled Job: Scheduled Job Modification, Service: Service Creation, Service: Service Metadata
Level 1 Level 2
https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0938
https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0849
Masquerading
T0849
Adversaries may use masquerading to disguise a malicious application or executable as another file, to avoid operator and engineer suspicion. Possible disguises of these masquerading files can include commonly found programs, expected vendor executables and configuration files, and other commonplace application and naming conventions. By impersonating expected and vendor-relevant files and applications, operators and engineers may not notice the presence of the underlying malicious content and possibly end up running those masquerading as legitimate functions.
Evasion
The adversary is trying to avoid security defenses.
Restrict File and Directory Permissions
null
M0922
Restrict access by setting directory and file permissions that are not specific to users or privileged accounts.
AC-6
SR 2.1
CR 2.1
1. National Institute of Standards and Technology. (2013, April). Security and Privacy Controls for Federal Information Systems and Organizations. Retrieved September 17, 2020.
https://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf
Control Server
Command: Command Execution, File: File Metadata, File: File Modification, Process: Process Metadata, Scheduled Job: Scheduled Job Metadata, Scheduled Job: Scheduled Job Modification, Service: Service Creation, Service: Service Metadata
Level 2
https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0922
https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0849
Masquerading
T0849
Adversaries may use masquerading to disguise a malicious application or executable as another file, to avoid operator and engineer suspicion. Possible disguises of these masquerading files can include commonly found programs, expected vendor executables and configuration files, and other commonplace application and naming conventions. By impersonating expected and vendor-relevant files and applications, operators and engineers may not notice the presence of the underlying malicious content and possibly end up running those masquerading as legitimate functions.
Evasion
The adversary is trying to avoid security defenses.
Restrict File and Directory Permissions
null
M0922
Restrict access by setting directory and file permissions that are not specific to users or privileged accounts.
AC-6
SR 2.1
CR 2.1
1. National Institute of Standards and Technology. (2013, April). Security and Privacy Controls for Federal Information Systems and Organizations. Retrieved September 17, 2020.
https://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf
Human-Machine Interface
Command: Command Execution, File: File Metadata, File: File Modification, Process: Process Metadata, Scheduled Job: Scheduled Job Metadata, Scheduled Job: Scheduled Job Modification, Service: Service Creation, Service: Service Metadata
Level 1 Level 2
https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0922
https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0849
Modify Alarm Settings
T0838
Adversaries may modify alarm settings to prevent alerts that may inform operators of their presence or to prevent responses to dangerous and unintended scenarios. Reporting messages are a standard part of data acquisition in control systems. Reporting messages are used as a way to transmit system state information and acknowledgements that specific actions have occurred. These messages provide vital information for the management of a physical process, and keep operators, engineers, and administrators aware of the state of system devices and physical processes.
Inhibit Response Function
The adversary is trying to prevent your safety, protection, quality assurance, and operator intervention functions from responding to a failure, hazard, or unsafe state.
Access Management
null
M0801
Access Management technologies can be used to enforce authorization polices and decisions, especially when existing field devices do not provided sufficient capabilities to support user identification and authentication. [1] These technologies typically utilize an in-line network device or gateway system to prevent access to unauthenticated users, while also integrating with an authentication service to first verify user credentials. [2]
AC-3
SR 2.1
CR 2.1
1. McCarthy, J et al.. (2018, July). NIST SP 1800-2 Identity and Access Management for Electric Utilities. Retrieved September 17, 2020.
https://doi.org/10.6028/NIST.SP.1800-2
Control Server
Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content, Application Log: Application Log Content, Operational Databases: Process History/Live Data
Level 2
https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0801
https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0838
Modify Alarm Settings
T0838
Adversaries may modify alarm settings to prevent alerts that may inform operators of their presence or to prevent responses to dangerous and unintended scenarios. Reporting messages are a standard part of data acquisition in control systems. Reporting messages are used as a way to transmit system state information and acknowledgements that specific actions have occurred. These messages provide vital information for the management of a physical process, and keep operators, engineers, and administrators aware of the state of system devices and physical processes.
Inhibit Response Function
The adversary is trying to prevent your safety, protection, quality assurance, and operator intervention functions from responding to a failure, hazard, or unsafe state.
Access Management
null
M0801
Access Management technologies can be used to enforce authorization polices and decisions, especially when existing field devices do not provided sufficient capabilities to support user identification and authentication. [1] These technologies typically utilize an in-line network device or gateway system to prevent access to unauthenticated users, while also integrating with an authentication service to first verify user credentials. [2]
AC-3
SR 2.1
CR 2.1
1. McCarthy, J et al.. (2018, July). NIST SP 1800-2 Identity and Access Management for Electric Utilities. Retrieved September 17, 2020.
https://doi.org/10.6028/NIST.SP.1800-2
Device Configuration/Parameters
Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content, Application Log: Application Log Content, Operational Databases: Process History/Live Data
No Level Identified
https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0801
https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0838
Modify Alarm Settings
T0838
Adversaries may modify alarm settings to prevent alerts that may inform operators of their presence or to prevent responses to dangerous and unintended scenarios. Reporting messages are a standard part of data acquisition in control systems. Reporting messages are used as a way to transmit system state information and acknowledgements that specific actions have occurred. These messages provide vital information for the management of a physical process, and keep operators, engineers, and administrators aware of the state of system devices and physical processes.
Inhibit Response Function
The adversary is trying to prevent your safety, protection, quality assurance, and operator intervention functions from responding to a failure, hazard, or unsafe state.
Access Management
null
M0801
Access Management technologies can be used to enforce authorization polices and decisions, especially when existing field devices do not provided sufficient capabilities to support user identification and authentication. [1] These technologies typically utilize an in-line network device or gateway system to prevent access to unauthenticated users, while also integrating with an authentication service to first verify user credentials. [2]
AC-3
SR 2.1
CR 2.1
1. McCarthy, J et al.. (2018, July). NIST SP 1800-2 Identity and Access Management for Electric Utilities. Retrieved September 17, 2020.
https://doi.org/10.6028/NIST.SP.1800-2
Field Controller/RTU/PLC/IED
Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content, Application Log: Application Log Content, Operational Databases: Process History/Live Data
Level 0 Level 1
https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0801
https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0838
Modify Alarm Settings
T0838
Adversaries may modify alarm settings to prevent alerts that may inform operators of their presence or to prevent responses to dangerous and unintended scenarios. Reporting messages are a standard part of data acquisition in control systems. Reporting messages are used as a way to transmit system state information and acknowledgements that specific actions have occurred. These messages provide vital information for the management of a physical process, and keep operators, engineers, and administrators aware of the state of system devices and physical processes.
Inhibit Response Function
The adversary is trying to prevent your safety, protection, quality assurance, and operator intervention functions from responding to a failure, hazard, or unsafe state.
Access Management
null
M0801
Access Management technologies can be used to enforce authorization polices and decisions, especially when existing field devices do not provided sufficient capabilities to support user identification and authentication. [1] These technologies typically utilize an in-line network device or gateway system to prevent access to unauthenticated users, while also integrating with an authentication service to first verify user credentials. [2]
AC-3
SR 2.1
CR 2.1
1. McCarthy, J et al.. (2018, July). NIST SP 1800-2 Identity and Access Management for Electric Utilities. Retrieved September 17, 2020.
https://doi.org/10.6028/NIST.SP.1800-2
Human-Machine Interface
Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content, Application Log: Application Log Content, Operational Databases: Process History/Live Data
Level 1 Level 2
https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0801
https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0838
Modify Alarm Settings
T0838
Adversaries may modify alarm settings to prevent alerts that may inform operators of their presence or to prevent responses to dangerous and unintended scenarios. Reporting messages are a standard part of data acquisition in control systems. Reporting messages are used as a way to transmit system state information and acknowledgements that specific actions have occurred. These messages provide vital information for the management of a physical process, and keep operators, engineers, and administrators aware of the state of system devices and physical processes.
Inhibit Response Function
The adversary is trying to prevent your safety, protection, quality assurance, and operator intervention functions from responding to a failure, hazard, or unsafe state.
Access Management
null
M0801
Access Management technologies can be used to enforce authorization polices and decisions, especially when existing field devices do not provided sufficient capabilities to support user identification and authentication. [1] These technologies typically utilize an in-line network device or gateway system to prevent access to unauthenticated users, while also integrating with an authentication service to first verify user credentials. [2]
AC-3
SR 2.1
CR 2.1
1. McCarthy, J et al.. (2018, July). NIST SP 1800-2 Identity and Access Management for Electric Utilities. Retrieved September 17, 2020.
https://doi.org/10.6028/NIST.SP.1800-2
Safety Instrumented System/Protection Relay
Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content, Application Log: Application Log Content, Operational Databases: Process History/Live Data
Level 0 Level 1
https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0801
https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0838
Modify Alarm Settings
T0838
Adversaries may modify alarm settings to prevent alerts that may inform operators of their presence or to prevent responses to dangerous and unintended scenarios. Reporting messages are a standard part of data acquisition in control systems. Reporting messages are used as a way to transmit system state information and acknowledgements that specific actions have occurred. These messages provide vital information for the management of a physical process, and keep operators, engineers, and administrators aware of the state of system devices and physical processes.
Inhibit Response Function
The adversary is trying to prevent your safety, protection, quality assurance, and operator intervention functions from responding to a failure, hazard, or unsafe state.
Authorization Enforcement
null
M0800
The device or system should restrict read, manipulate, or execute privileges to only authenticated users who require access based on approved security policies. Role-based Access Control (RBAC) schemes can help reduce the overhead of assigning permissions to the large number of devices within an ICS. For example, IEC 62351 provides examples of roles used to support common system operations within the electric power sector [1], while IEEE 1686 defines standard permissions for users of IEDs. [2]
AC-3
SR 2.1
CR 2.1
3. MITRE. (2020, June). CWE CATEGORY: 7PK - API Abuse. Retrieved September 25, 2020.
https://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/227.html
Control Server
Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content, Application Log: Application Log Content, Operational Databases: Process History/Live Data
Level 2
https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0800
https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0838
Modify Alarm Settings
T0838
Adversaries may modify alarm settings to prevent alerts that may inform operators of their presence or to prevent responses to dangerous and unintended scenarios. Reporting messages are a standard part of data acquisition in control systems. Reporting messages are used as a way to transmit system state information and acknowledgements that specific actions have occurred. These messages provide vital information for the management of a physical process, and keep operators, engineers, and administrators aware of the state of system devices and physical processes.
Inhibit Response Function
The adversary is trying to prevent your safety, protection, quality assurance, and operator intervention functions from responding to a failure, hazard, or unsafe state.
Authorization Enforcement
null
M0800
The device or system should restrict read, manipulate, or execute privileges to only authenticated users who require access based on approved security policies. Role-based Access Control (RBAC) schemes can help reduce the overhead of assigning permissions to the large number of devices within an ICS. For example, IEC 62351 provides examples of roles used to support common system operations within the electric power sector [1], while IEEE 1686 defines standard permissions for users of IEDs. [2]
AC-3
SR 2.1
CR 2.1
3. MITRE. (2020, June). CWE CATEGORY: 7PK - API Abuse. Retrieved September 25, 2020.
https://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/227.html
Device Configuration/Parameters
Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content, Application Log: Application Log Content, Operational Databases: Process History/Live Data
No Level Identified
https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0800
https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0838
Modify Alarm Settings
T0838
Adversaries may modify alarm settings to prevent alerts that may inform operators of their presence or to prevent responses to dangerous and unintended scenarios. Reporting messages are a standard part of data acquisition in control systems. Reporting messages are used as a way to transmit system state information and acknowledgements that specific actions have occurred. These messages provide vital information for the management of a physical process, and keep operators, engineers, and administrators aware of the state of system devices and physical processes.
Inhibit Response Function
The adversary is trying to prevent your safety, protection, quality assurance, and operator intervention functions from responding to a failure, hazard, or unsafe state.
Authorization Enforcement
null
M0800
The device or system should restrict read, manipulate, or execute privileges to only authenticated users who require access based on approved security policies. Role-based Access Control (RBAC) schemes can help reduce the overhead of assigning permissions to the large number of devices within an ICS. For example, IEC 62351 provides examples of roles used to support common system operations within the electric power sector [1], while IEEE 1686 defines standard permissions for users of IEDs. [2]
AC-3
SR 2.1
CR 2.1
3. MITRE. (2020, June). CWE CATEGORY: 7PK - API Abuse. Retrieved September 25, 2020.
https://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/227.html
Field Controller/RTU/PLC/IED
Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content, Application Log: Application Log Content, Operational Databases: Process History/Live Data
Level 0 Level 1
https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0800
https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0838
Modify Alarm Settings
T0838
Adversaries may modify alarm settings to prevent alerts that may inform operators of their presence or to prevent responses to dangerous and unintended scenarios. Reporting messages are a standard part of data acquisition in control systems. Reporting messages are used as a way to transmit system state information and acknowledgements that specific actions have occurred. These messages provide vital information for the management of a physical process, and keep operators, engineers, and administrators aware of the state of system devices and physical processes.
Inhibit Response Function
The adversary is trying to prevent your safety, protection, quality assurance, and operator intervention functions from responding to a failure, hazard, or unsafe state.
Authorization Enforcement
null
M0800
The device or system should restrict read, manipulate, or execute privileges to only authenticated users who require access based on approved security policies. Role-based Access Control (RBAC) schemes can help reduce the overhead of assigning permissions to the large number of devices within an ICS. For example, IEC 62351 provides examples of roles used to support common system operations within the electric power sector [1], while IEEE 1686 defines standard permissions for users of IEDs. [2]
AC-3
SR 2.1
CR 2.1
3. MITRE. (2020, June). CWE CATEGORY: 7PK - API Abuse. Retrieved September 25, 2020.
https://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/227.html
Human-Machine Interface
Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content, Application Log: Application Log Content, Operational Databases: Process History/Live Data
Level 1 Level 2
https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0800
https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0838
Modify Alarm Settings
T0838
Adversaries may modify alarm settings to prevent alerts that may inform operators of their presence or to prevent responses to dangerous and unintended scenarios. Reporting messages are a standard part of data acquisition in control systems. Reporting messages are used as a way to transmit system state information and acknowledgements that specific actions have occurred. These messages provide vital information for the management of a physical process, and keep operators, engineers, and administrators aware of the state of system devices and physical processes.
Inhibit Response Function
The adversary is trying to prevent your safety, protection, quality assurance, and operator intervention functions from responding to a failure, hazard, or unsafe state.
Authorization Enforcement
null
M0800
The device or system should restrict read, manipulate, or execute privileges to only authenticated users who require access based on approved security policies. Role-based Access Control (RBAC) schemes can help reduce the overhead of assigning permissions to the large number of devices within an ICS. For example, IEC 62351 provides examples of roles used to support common system operations within the electric power sector [1], while IEEE 1686 defines standard permissions for users of IEDs. [2]
AC-3
SR 2.1
CR 2.1
3. MITRE. (2020, June). CWE CATEGORY: 7PK - API Abuse. Retrieved September 25, 2020.
https://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/227.html
Safety Instrumented System/Protection Relay
Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content, Application Log: Application Log Content, Operational Databases: Process History/Live Data
Level 0 Level 1
https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0800
https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0838
Modify Alarm Settings
T0838
Adversaries may modify alarm settings to prevent alerts that may inform operators of their presence or to prevent responses to dangerous and unintended scenarios. Reporting messages are a standard part of data acquisition in control systems. Reporting messages are used as a way to transmit system state information and acknowledgements that specific actions have occurred. These messages provide vital information for the management of a physical process, and keep operators, engineers, and administrators aware of the state of system devices and physical processes.
Inhibit Response Function
The adversary is trying to prevent your safety, protection, quality assurance, and operator intervention functions from responding to a failure, hazard, or unsafe state.
Human User Authentication
null
M0804
Require user authentication before allowing access to data or accepting commands to a device. While strong multi-factor authentication is preferable, it is not always feasible within ICS environments. Performing strong user authentication also requires additional security controls and processes which are often the target of related adversarial techniques (e.g., Valid Accounts, Default Credentials). Therefore, associated ATT&CK mitigations should be considered in addition to this, including Multi-factor Authentication, Account Use Policies, Password Policies, User Account Management, Privileged Account Management, and [https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1052/ User Account Control].
IA-2
SR 1.1
CR 1.1
null
null
Control Server
Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content, Application Log: Application Log Content, Operational Databases: Process History/Live Data
Level 2
https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0804
https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0838
Modify Alarm Settings
T0838
Adversaries may modify alarm settings to prevent alerts that may inform operators of their presence or to prevent responses to dangerous and unintended scenarios. Reporting messages are a standard part of data acquisition in control systems. Reporting messages are used as a way to transmit system state information and acknowledgements that specific actions have occurred. These messages provide vital information for the management of a physical process, and keep operators, engineers, and administrators aware of the state of system devices and physical processes.
Inhibit Response Function
The adversary is trying to prevent your safety, protection, quality assurance, and operator intervention functions from responding to a failure, hazard, or unsafe state.
Human User Authentication
null
M0804
Require user authentication before allowing access to data or accepting commands to a device. While strong multi-factor authentication is preferable, it is not always feasible within ICS environments. Performing strong user authentication also requires additional security controls and processes which are often the target of related adversarial techniques (e.g., Valid Accounts, Default Credentials). Therefore, associated ATT&CK mitigations should be considered in addition to this, including Multi-factor Authentication, Account Use Policies, Password Policies, User Account Management, Privileged Account Management, and [https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1052/ User Account Control].
IA-2
SR 1.1
CR 1.1
null
null
Device Configuration/Parameters
Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content, Application Log: Application Log Content, Operational Databases: Process History/Live Data
No Level Identified
https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0804
https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0838
Modify Alarm Settings
T0838
Adversaries may modify alarm settings to prevent alerts that may inform operators of their presence or to prevent responses to dangerous and unintended scenarios. Reporting messages are a standard part of data acquisition in control systems. Reporting messages are used as a way to transmit system state information and acknowledgements that specific actions have occurred. These messages provide vital information for the management of a physical process, and keep operators, engineers, and administrators aware of the state of system devices and physical processes.
Inhibit Response Function
The adversary is trying to prevent your safety, protection, quality assurance, and operator intervention functions from responding to a failure, hazard, or unsafe state.
Human User Authentication
null
M0804
Require user authentication before allowing access to data or accepting commands to a device. While strong multi-factor authentication is preferable, it is not always feasible within ICS environments. Performing strong user authentication also requires additional security controls and processes which are often the target of related adversarial techniques (e.g., Valid Accounts, Default Credentials). Therefore, associated ATT&CK mitigations should be considered in addition to this, including Multi-factor Authentication, Account Use Policies, Password Policies, User Account Management, Privileged Account Management, and [https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1052/ User Account Control].
IA-2
SR 1.1
CR 1.1
null
null
Field Controller/RTU/PLC/IED
Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content, Application Log: Application Log Content, Operational Databases: Process History/Live Data
Level 0 Level 1
https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0804
https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0838
Modify Alarm Settings
T0838
Adversaries may modify alarm settings to prevent alerts that may inform operators of their presence or to prevent responses to dangerous and unintended scenarios. Reporting messages are a standard part of data acquisition in control systems. Reporting messages are used as a way to transmit system state information and acknowledgements that specific actions have occurred. These messages provide vital information for the management of a physical process, and keep operators, engineers, and administrators aware of the state of system devices and physical processes.
Inhibit Response Function
The adversary is trying to prevent your safety, protection, quality assurance, and operator intervention functions from responding to a failure, hazard, or unsafe state.
Human User Authentication
null
M0804
Require user authentication before allowing access to data or accepting commands to a device. While strong multi-factor authentication is preferable, it is not always feasible within ICS environments. Performing strong user authentication also requires additional security controls and processes which are often the target of related adversarial techniques (e.g., Valid Accounts, Default Credentials). Therefore, associated ATT&CK mitigations should be considered in addition to this, including Multi-factor Authentication, Account Use Policies, Password Policies, User Account Management, Privileged Account Management, and [https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1052/ User Account Control].
IA-2
SR 1.1
CR 1.1
null
null
Human-Machine Interface
Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content, Application Log: Application Log Content, Operational Databases: Process History/Live Data
Level 1 Level 2
https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0804
https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0838
Modify Alarm Settings
T0838
Adversaries may modify alarm settings to prevent alerts that may inform operators of their presence or to prevent responses to dangerous and unintended scenarios. Reporting messages are a standard part of data acquisition in control systems. Reporting messages are used as a way to transmit system state information and acknowledgements that specific actions have occurred. These messages provide vital information for the management of a physical process, and keep operators, engineers, and administrators aware of the state of system devices and physical processes.
Inhibit Response Function
The adversary is trying to prevent your safety, protection, quality assurance, and operator intervention functions from responding to a failure, hazard, or unsafe state.
Human User Authentication
null
M0804
Require user authentication before allowing access to data or accepting commands to a device. While strong multi-factor authentication is preferable, it is not always feasible within ICS environments. Performing strong user authentication also requires additional security controls and processes which are often the target of related adversarial techniques (e.g., Valid Accounts, Default Credentials). Therefore, associated ATT&CK mitigations should be considered in addition to this, including Multi-factor Authentication, Account Use Policies, Password Policies, User Account Management, Privileged Account Management, and [https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1052/ User Account Control].
IA-2
SR 1.1
CR 1.1
null
null
Safety Instrumented System/Protection Relay
Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content, Application Log: Application Log Content, Operational Databases: Process History/Live Data
Level 0 Level 1
https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0804
https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0838
Modify Alarm Settings
T0838
Adversaries may modify alarm settings to prevent alerts that may inform operators of their presence or to prevent responses to dangerous and unintended scenarios. Reporting messages are a standard part of data acquisition in control systems. Reporting messages are used as a way to transmit system state information and acknowledgements that specific actions have occurred. These messages provide vital information for the management of a physical process, and keep operators, engineers, and administrators aware of the state of system devices and physical processes.
Inhibit Response Function
The adversary is trying to prevent your safety, protection, quality assurance, and operator intervention functions from responding to a failure, hazard, or unsafe state.
Network Allowlists
null
M0807
Network allowlists can be implemented through either host-based files or system hosts files to specify what connections (e.g., IP address, MAC address, port, protocol) can be made from a device. Allowlist techniques that operate at the application layer (e.g., DNP3, Modbus, HTTP) are addressed in Filter Network Traffic mitigation.
AC-3
null
null
1. Department of Homeland Security. (2016, September). Retrieved September 25, 2020.
https://us-cert.cisa.gov/sites/default/files/recommended_practices/NCCIC_ICS-CERT_Defense_in_Depth_2016_S508C.pdf
Control Server
Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content, Application Log: Application Log Content, Operational Databases: Process History/Live Data
Level 2
https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0807
https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0838
Modify Alarm Settings
T0838
Adversaries may modify alarm settings to prevent alerts that may inform operators of their presence or to prevent responses to dangerous and unintended scenarios. Reporting messages are a standard part of data acquisition in control systems. Reporting messages are used as a way to transmit system state information and acknowledgements that specific actions have occurred. These messages provide vital information for the management of a physical process, and keep operators, engineers, and administrators aware of the state of system devices and physical processes.
Inhibit Response Function
The adversary is trying to prevent your safety, protection, quality assurance, and operator intervention functions from responding to a failure, hazard, or unsafe state.
Network Allowlists
null
M0807
Network allowlists can be implemented through either host-based files or system hosts files to specify what connections (e.g., IP address, MAC address, port, protocol) can be made from a device. Allowlist techniques that operate at the application layer (e.g., DNP3, Modbus, HTTP) are addressed in Filter Network Traffic mitigation.
AC-3
null
null
1. Department of Homeland Security. (2016, September). Retrieved September 25, 2020.
https://us-cert.cisa.gov/sites/default/files/recommended_practices/NCCIC_ICS-CERT_Defense_in_Depth_2016_S508C.pdf
Device Configuration/Parameters
Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content, Application Log: Application Log Content, Operational Databases: Process History/Live Data
No Level Identified
https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0807
https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0838
Modify Alarm Settings
T0838
Adversaries may modify alarm settings to prevent alerts that may inform operators of their presence or to prevent responses to dangerous and unintended scenarios. Reporting messages are a standard part of data acquisition in control systems. Reporting messages are used as a way to transmit system state information and acknowledgements that specific actions have occurred. These messages provide vital information for the management of a physical process, and keep operators, engineers, and administrators aware of the state of system devices and physical processes.
Inhibit Response Function
The adversary is trying to prevent your safety, protection, quality assurance, and operator intervention functions from responding to a failure, hazard, or unsafe state.
Network Allowlists
null
M0807
Network allowlists can be implemented through either host-based files or system hosts files to specify what connections (e.g., IP address, MAC address, port, protocol) can be made from a device. Allowlist techniques that operate at the application layer (e.g., DNP3, Modbus, HTTP) are addressed in Filter Network Traffic mitigation.
AC-3
null
null
1. Department of Homeland Security. (2016, September). Retrieved September 25, 2020.
https://us-cert.cisa.gov/sites/default/files/recommended_practices/NCCIC_ICS-CERT_Defense_in_Depth_2016_S508C.pdf
Field Controller/RTU/PLC/IED
Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content, Application Log: Application Log Content, Operational Databases: Process History/Live Data
Level 0 Level 1
https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0807
https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0838
Modify Alarm Settings
T0838
Adversaries may modify alarm settings to prevent alerts that may inform operators of their presence or to prevent responses to dangerous and unintended scenarios. Reporting messages are a standard part of data acquisition in control systems. Reporting messages are used as a way to transmit system state information and acknowledgements that specific actions have occurred. These messages provide vital information for the management of a physical process, and keep operators, engineers, and administrators aware of the state of system devices and physical processes.
Inhibit Response Function
The adversary is trying to prevent your safety, protection, quality assurance, and operator intervention functions from responding to a failure, hazard, or unsafe state.
Network Allowlists
null
M0807
Network allowlists can be implemented through either host-based files or system hosts files to specify what connections (e.g., IP address, MAC address, port, protocol) can be made from a device. Allowlist techniques that operate at the application layer (e.g., DNP3, Modbus, HTTP) are addressed in Filter Network Traffic mitigation.
AC-3
null
null
1. Department of Homeland Security. (2016, September). Retrieved September 25, 2020.
https://us-cert.cisa.gov/sites/default/files/recommended_practices/NCCIC_ICS-CERT_Defense_in_Depth_2016_S508C.pdf
Human-Machine Interface
Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content, Application Log: Application Log Content, Operational Databases: Process History/Live Data
Level 1 Level 2
https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0807
https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0838
Modify Alarm Settings
T0838
Adversaries may modify alarm settings to prevent alerts that may inform operators of their presence or to prevent responses to dangerous and unintended scenarios. Reporting messages are a standard part of data acquisition in control systems. Reporting messages are used as a way to transmit system state information and acknowledgements that specific actions have occurred. These messages provide vital information for the management of a physical process, and keep operators, engineers, and administrators aware of the state of system devices and physical processes.
Inhibit Response Function
The adversary is trying to prevent your safety, protection, quality assurance, and operator intervention functions from responding to a failure, hazard, or unsafe state.
Network Allowlists
null
M0807
Network allowlists can be implemented through either host-based files or system hosts files to specify what connections (e.g., IP address, MAC address, port, protocol) can be made from a device. Allowlist techniques that operate at the application layer (e.g., DNP3, Modbus, HTTP) are addressed in Filter Network Traffic mitigation.
AC-3
null
null
1. Department of Homeland Security. (2016, September). Retrieved September 25, 2020.
https://us-cert.cisa.gov/sites/default/files/recommended_practices/NCCIC_ICS-CERT_Defense_in_Depth_2016_S508C.pdf
Safety Instrumented System/Protection Relay
Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content, Application Log: Application Log Content, Operational Databases: Process History/Live Data
Level 0 Level 1
https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0807
https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0838
Modify Alarm Settings
T0838
Adversaries may modify alarm settings to prevent alerts that may inform operators of their presence or to prevent responses to dangerous and unintended scenarios. Reporting messages are a standard part of data acquisition in control systems. Reporting messages are used as a way to transmit system state information and acknowledgements that specific actions have occurred. These messages provide vital information for the management of a physical process, and keep operators, engineers, and administrators aware of the state of system devices and physical processes.
Inhibit Response Function
The adversary is trying to prevent your safety, protection, quality assurance, and operator intervention functions from responding to a failure, hazard, or unsafe state.
Network Segmentation
null
M0930
Architect sections of the network to isolate critical systems, functions, or resources. Use physical and logical segmentation to prevent access to potentially sensitive systems and information. Use a DMZ to contain any internet-facing services that should not be exposed from the internal network. Restrict network access to only required systems and services. In addition, prevent systems from other networks or business functions (e.g., enterprise) from accessing critical process control systems. For example, in IEC 62443, systems within the same secure level should be grouped into a zone, and access to that zone is restricted by a conduit, or mechanism to restrict data flows between zones by segmenting the network. [1] [2]
AC-3
SR 5.1
CR 5.1
3. Department of Homeland Security. (2016, September). Retrieved September 25, 2020.
https://us-cert.cisa.gov/sites/default/files/recommended_practices/NCCIC_ICS-CERT_Defense_in_Depth_2016_S508C.pdf
Control Server
Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content, Application Log: Application Log Content, Operational Databases: Process History/Live Data
Level 2
https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0930
https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0838
Modify Alarm Settings
T0838
Adversaries may modify alarm settings to prevent alerts that may inform operators of their presence or to prevent responses to dangerous and unintended scenarios. Reporting messages are a standard part of data acquisition in control systems. Reporting messages are used as a way to transmit system state information and acknowledgements that specific actions have occurred. These messages provide vital information for the management of a physical process, and keep operators, engineers, and administrators aware of the state of system devices and physical processes.
Inhibit Response Function
The adversary is trying to prevent your safety, protection, quality assurance, and operator intervention functions from responding to a failure, hazard, or unsafe state.
Network Segmentation
null
M0930
Architect sections of the network to isolate critical systems, functions, or resources. Use physical and logical segmentation to prevent access to potentially sensitive systems and information. Use a DMZ to contain any internet-facing services that should not be exposed from the internal network. Restrict network access to only required systems and services. In addition, prevent systems from other networks or business functions (e.g., enterprise) from accessing critical process control systems. For example, in IEC 62443, systems within the same secure level should be grouped into a zone, and access to that zone is restricted by a conduit, or mechanism to restrict data flows between zones by segmenting the network. [1] [2]
AC-3
SR 5.1
CR 5.1
3. Department of Homeland Security. (2016, September). Retrieved September 25, 2020.
https://us-cert.cisa.gov/sites/default/files/recommended_practices/NCCIC_ICS-CERT_Defense_in_Depth_2016_S508C.pdf
Device Configuration/Parameters
Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content, Application Log: Application Log Content, Operational Databases: Process History/Live Data
No Level Identified
https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0930
https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0838
Modify Alarm Settings
T0838
Adversaries may modify alarm settings to prevent alerts that may inform operators of their presence or to prevent responses to dangerous and unintended scenarios. Reporting messages are a standard part of data acquisition in control systems. Reporting messages are used as a way to transmit system state information and acknowledgements that specific actions have occurred. These messages provide vital information for the management of a physical process, and keep operators, engineers, and administrators aware of the state of system devices and physical processes.
Inhibit Response Function
The adversary is trying to prevent your safety, protection, quality assurance, and operator intervention functions from responding to a failure, hazard, or unsafe state.
Network Segmentation
null
M0930
Architect sections of the network to isolate critical systems, functions, or resources. Use physical and logical segmentation to prevent access to potentially sensitive systems and information. Use a DMZ to contain any internet-facing services that should not be exposed from the internal network. Restrict network access to only required systems and services. In addition, prevent systems from other networks or business functions (e.g., enterprise) from accessing critical process control systems. For example, in IEC 62443, systems within the same secure level should be grouped into a zone, and access to that zone is restricted by a conduit, or mechanism to restrict data flows between zones by segmenting the network. [1] [2]
AC-3
SR 5.1
CR 5.1
3. Department of Homeland Security. (2016, September). Retrieved September 25, 2020.
https://us-cert.cisa.gov/sites/default/files/recommended_practices/NCCIC_ICS-CERT_Defense_in_Depth_2016_S508C.pdf
Field Controller/RTU/PLC/IED
Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content, Application Log: Application Log Content, Operational Databases: Process History/Live Data
Level 0 Level 1
https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0930
https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0838
Modify Alarm Settings
T0838
Adversaries may modify alarm settings to prevent alerts that may inform operators of their presence or to prevent responses to dangerous and unintended scenarios. Reporting messages are a standard part of data acquisition in control systems. Reporting messages are used as a way to transmit system state information and acknowledgements that specific actions have occurred. These messages provide vital information for the management of a physical process, and keep operators, engineers, and administrators aware of the state of system devices and physical processes.
Inhibit Response Function
The adversary is trying to prevent your safety, protection, quality assurance, and operator intervention functions from responding to a failure, hazard, or unsafe state.
Network Segmentation
null
M0930
Architect sections of the network to isolate critical systems, functions, or resources. Use physical and logical segmentation to prevent access to potentially sensitive systems and information. Use a DMZ to contain any internet-facing services that should not be exposed from the internal network. Restrict network access to only required systems and services. In addition, prevent systems from other networks or business functions (e.g., enterprise) from accessing critical process control systems. For example, in IEC 62443, systems within the same secure level should be grouped into a zone, and access to that zone is restricted by a conduit, or mechanism to restrict data flows between zones by segmenting the network. [1] [2]
AC-3
SR 5.1
CR 5.1
3. Department of Homeland Security. (2016, September). Retrieved September 25, 2020.
https://us-cert.cisa.gov/sites/default/files/recommended_practices/NCCIC_ICS-CERT_Defense_in_Depth_2016_S508C.pdf
Human-Machine Interface
Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content, Application Log: Application Log Content, Operational Databases: Process History/Live Data
Level 1 Level 2
https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0930
https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0838
Modify Alarm Settings
T0838
Adversaries may modify alarm settings to prevent alerts that may inform operators of their presence or to prevent responses to dangerous and unintended scenarios. Reporting messages are a standard part of data acquisition in control systems. Reporting messages are used as a way to transmit system state information and acknowledgements that specific actions have occurred. These messages provide vital information for the management of a physical process, and keep operators, engineers, and administrators aware of the state of system devices and physical processes.
Inhibit Response Function
The adversary is trying to prevent your safety, protection, quality assurance, and operator intervention functions from responding to a failure, hazard, or unsafe state.
Network Segmentation
null
M0930
Architect sections of the network to isolate critical systems, functions, or resources. Use physical and logical segmentation to prevent access to potentially sensitive systems and information. Use a DMZ to contain any internet-facing services that should not be exposed from the internal network. Restrict network access to only required systems and services. In addition, prevent systems from other networks or business functions (e.g., enterprise) from accessing critical process control systems. For example, in IEC 62443, systems within the same secure level should be grouped into a zone, and access to that zone is restricted by a conduit, or mechanism to restrict data flows between zones by segmenting the network. [1] [2]
AC-3
SR 5.1
CR 5.1
3. Department of Homeland Security. (2016, September). Retrieved September 25, 2020.
https://us-cert.cisa.gov/sites/default/files/recommended_practices/NCCIC_ICS-CERT_Defense_in_Depth_2016_S508C.pdf
Safety Instrumented System/Protection Relay
Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content, Application Log: Application Log Content, Operational Databases: Process History/Live Data
Level 0 Level 1
https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0930
https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0838
Modify Alarm Settings
T0838
Adversaries may modify alarm settings to prevent alerts that may inform operators of their presence or to prevent responses to dangerous and unintended scenarios. Reporting messages are a standard part of data acquisition in control systems. Reporting messages are used as a way to transmit system state information and acknowledgements that specific actions have occurred. These messages provide vital information for the management of a physical process, and keep operators, engineers, and administrators aware of the state of system devices and physical processes.
Inhibit Response Function
The adversary is trying to prevent your safety, protection, quality assurance, and operator intervention functions from responding to a failure, hazard, or unsafe state.
Software Process and Device Authentication
null
M0813
Require the authentication of devices and software processes where appropriate. Devices that connect remotely to other systems should require strong authentication to prevent spoofing of communications. Furthermore, software processes should also require authentication when accessing APIs.
IA-9
SR 1.2
CR 1.2
null
null
Control Server
Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content, Application Log: Application Log Content, Operational Databases: Process History/Live Data
Level 2
https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0813
https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0838
Modify Alarm Settings
T0838
Adversaries may modify alarm settings to prevent alerts that may inform operators of their presence or to prevent responses to dangerous and unintended scenarios. Reporting messages are a standard part of data acquisition in control systems. Reporting messages are used as a way to transmit system state information and acknowledgements that specific actions have occurred. These messages provide vital information for the management of a physical process, and keep operators, engineers, and administrators aware of the state of system devices and physical processes.
Inhibit Response Function
The adversary is trying to prevent your safety, protection, quality assurance, and operator intervention functions from responding to a failure, hazard, or unsafe state.
Software Process and Device Authentication
null
M0813
Require the authentication of devices and software processes where appropriate. Devices that connect remotely to other systems should require strong authentication to prevent spoofing of communications. Furthermore, software processes should also require authentication when accessing APIs.
IA-9
SR 1.2
CR 1.2
null
null
Device Configuration/Parameters
Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content, Application Log: Application Log Content, Operational Databases: Process History/Live Data
No Level Identified
https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0813
https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0838
Modify Alarm Settings
T0838
Adversaries may modify alarm settings to prevent alerts that may inform operators of their presence or to prevent responses to dangerous and unintended scenarios. Reporting messages are a standard part of data acquisition in control systems. Reporting messages are used as a way to transmit system state information and acknowledgements that specific actions have occurred. These messages provide vital information for the management of a physical process, and keep operators, engineers, and administrators aware of the state of system devices and physical processes.
Inhibit Response Function
The adversary is trying to prevent your safety, protection, quality assurance, and operator intervention functions from responding to a failure, hazard, or unsafe state.
Software Process and Device Authentication
null
M0813
Require the authentication of devices and software processes where appropriate. Devices that connect remotely to other systems should require strong authentication to prevent spoofing of communications. Furthermore, software processes should also require authentication when accessing APIs.
IA-9
SR 1.2
CR 1.2
null
null
Field Controller/RTU/PLC/IED
Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content, Application Log: Application Log Content, Operational Databases: Process History/Live Data
Level 0 Level 1
https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0813
https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0838
Modify Alarm Settings
T0838
Adversaries may modify alarm settings to prevent alerts that may inform operators of their presence or to prevent responses to dangerous and unintended scenarios. Reporting messages are a standard part of data acquisition in control systems. Reporting messages are used as a way to transmit system state information and acknowledgements that specific actions have occurred. These messages provide vital information for the management of a physical process, and keep operators, engineers, and administrators aware of the state of system devices and physical processes.
Inhibit Response Function
The adversary is trying to prevent your safety, protection, quality assurance, and operator intervention functions from responding to a failure, hazard, or unsafe state.
Software Process and Device Authentication
null
M0813
Require the authentication of devices and software processes where appropriate. Devices that connect remotely to other systems should require strong authentication to prevent spoofing of communications. Furthermore, software processes should also require authentication when accessing APIs.
IA-9
SR 1.2
CR 1.2
null
null
Human-Machine Interface
Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content, Application Log: Application Log Content, Operational Databases: Process History/Live Data
Level 1 Level 2
https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0813
https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0838
Modify Alarm Settings
T0838
Adversaries may modify alarm settings to prevent alerts that may inform operators of their presence or to prevent responses to dangerous and unintended scenarios. Reporting messages are a standard part of data acquisition in control systems. Reporting messages are used as a way to transmit system state information and acknowledgements that specific actions have occurred. These messages provide vital information for the management of a physical process, and keep operators, engineers, and administrators aware of the state of system devices and physical processes.
Inhibit Response Function
The adversary is trying to prevent your safety, protection, quality assurance, and operator intervention functions from responding to a failure, hazard, or unsafe state.
Software Process and Device Authentication
null
M0813
Require the authentication of devices and software processes where appropriate. Devices that connect remotely to other systems should require strong authentication to prevent spoofing of communications. Furthermore, software processes should also require authentication when accessing APIs.
IA-9
SR 1.2
CR 1.2
null
null
Safety Instrumented System/Protection Relay
Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content, Application Log: Application Log Content, Operational Databases: Process History/Live Data
Level 0 Level 1
https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0813
https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0838
Modify Alarm Settings
T0838
Adversaries may modify alarm settings to prevent alerts that may inform operators of their presence or to prevent responses to dangerous and unintended scenarios. Reporting messages are a standard part of data acquisition in control systems. Reporting messages are used as a way to transmit system state information and acknowledgements that specific actions have occurred. These messages provide vital information for the management of a physical process, and keep operators, engineers, and administrators aware of the state of system devices and physical processes.
Inhibit Response Function
The adversary is trying to prevent your safety, protection, quality assurance, and operator intervention functions from responding to a failure, hazard, or unsafe state.
User Account Management
null
M0918
Manage the creation, modification, use, and permissions associated to user accounts.
AC-2
SR 1.3
CR 1.3
null
null
Control Server
Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content, Application Log: Application Log Content, Operational Databases: Process History/Live Data
Level 2
https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0918
https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0838
Modify Alarm Settings
T0838
Adversaries may modify alarm settings to prevent alerts that may inform operators of their presence or to prevent responses to dangerous and unintended scenarios. Reporting messages are a standard part of data acquisition in control systems. Reporting messages are used as a way to transmit system state information and acknowledgements that specific actions have occurred. These messages provide vital information for the management of a physical process, and keep operators, engineers, and administrators aware of the state of system devices and physical processes.
Inhibit Response Function
The adversary is trying to prevent your safety, protection, quality assurance, and operator intervention functions from responding to a failure, hazard, or unsafe state.
User Account Management
null
M0918
Manage the creation, modification, use, and permissions associated to user accounts.
AC-2
SR 1.3
CR 1.3
null
null
Device Configuration/Parameters
Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content, Application Log: Application Log Content, Operational Databases: Process History/Live Data
No Level Identified
https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0918
https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0838
Modify Alarm Settings
T0838
Adversaries may modify alarm settings to prevent alerts that may inform operators of their presence or to prevent responses to dangerous and unintended scenarios. Reporting messages are a standard part of data acquisition in control systems. Reporting messages are used as a way to transmit system state information and acknowledgements that specific actions have occurred. These messages provide vital information for the management of a physical process, and keep operators, engineers, and administrators aware of the state of system devices and physical processes.
Inhibit Response Function
The adversary is trying to prevent your safety, protection, quality assurance, and operator intervention functions from responding to a failure, hazard, or unsafe state.
User Account Management
null
M0918
Manage the creation, modification, use, and permissions associated to user accounts.
AC-2
SR 1.3
CR 1.3
null
null
Field Controller/RTU/PLC/IED
Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content, Application Log: Application Log Content, Operational Databases: Process History/Live Data
Level 0 Level 1
https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0918
https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0838
Modify Alarm Settings
T0838
Adversaries may modify alarm settings to prevent alerts that may inform operators of their presence or to prevent responses to dangerous and unintended scenarios. Reporting messages are a standard part of data acquisition in control systems. Reporting messages are used as a way to transmit system state information and acknowledgements that specific actions have occurred. These messages provide vital information for the management of a physical process, and keep operators, engineers, and administrators aware of the state of system devices and physical processes.
Inhibit Response Function
The adversary is trying to prevent your safety, protection, quality assurance, and operator intervention functions from responding to a failure, hazard, or unsafe state.
User Account Management
null
M0918
Manage the creation, modification, use, and permissions associated to user accounts.
AC-2
SR 1.3
CR 1.3
null
null
Human-Machine Interface
Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content, Application Log: Application Log Content, Operational Databases: Process History/Live Data
Level 1 Level 2
https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0918
https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0838
Modify Alarm Settings
T0838
Adversaries may modify alarm settings to prevent alerts that may inform operators of their presence or to prevent responses to dangerous and unintended scenarios. Reporting messages are a standard part of data acquisition in control systems. Reporting messages are used as a way to transmit system state information and acknowledgements that specific actions have occurred. These messages provide vital information for the management of a physical process, and keep operators, engineers, and administrators aware of the state of system devices and physical processes.
Inhibit Response Function
The adversary is trying to prevent your safety, protection, quality assurance, and operator intervention functions from responding to a failure, hazard, or unsafe state.
User Account Management
null
M0918
Manage the creation, modification, use, and permissions associated to user accounts.
AC-2
SR 1.3
CR 1.3
null
null
Safety Instrumented System/Protection Relay
Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content, Application Log: Application Log Content, Operational Databases: Process History/Live Data
Level 0 Level 1
https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0918
https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0838
Modify Controller Tasking
T0821
Adversaries may modify the tasking of a controller to allow for the execution of their own programs. This can allow an adversary to manipulate the execution flow and behavior of a controller.
Execution
The adversary is trying to run code or manipulate system functions, parameters, and data in an unauthorized way.
Audit
null
M0947
Perform audits or scans of systems, permissions, insecure software, insecure configurations, etc. to identify potential weaknesses. Perform periodic integrity checks of the device to validate the correctness of the firmware, software, programs, and configurations. Integrity checks, which typically include cryptographic hashes or digital signatures, should be compared to those obtained at known valid states, especially after events like device reboots, program downloads, or program restarts.
SI-7
SR 3.4
CR 3.4
1. IEC. (2019, February). Security for industrial automation and control systems - Part 4-2: Technical security requirements for IACS components. Retrieved September 25, 2020.
https://webstore.iec.ch/publication/34421
Field Controller/RTU/PLC/IED
File: File Modification, Asset: Software/Firmware
Level 0 Level 1
https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0947
https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0821
Modify Controller Tasking
T0821
Adversaries may modify the tasking of a controller to allow for the execution of their own programs. This can allow an adversary to manipulate the execution flow and behavior of a controller.
Execution
The adversary is trying to run code or manipulate system functions, parameters, and data in an unauthorized way.
Code Signing
null
M0945
Enforce binary and application integrity with digital signature verification to prevent untrusted code from executing.
SI-7
SR 3.4
CR 3.4
null
null
Field Controller/RTU/PLC/IED
File: File Modification, Asset: Software/Firmware
Level 0 Level 1
https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0945
https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0821
Modify Parameter
T0836
Adversaries may modify parameters used to instruct industrial control system devices. These devices operate via programs that dictate how and when to perform actions based on such parameters. Such parameters can determine the extent to which an action is performed and may specify additional options. For example, a program on a control system device dictating motor processes may take a parameter defining the total number of seconds to run that motor.
Impair Process Control
The adversary is trying to manipulate, disable, or damage physical control processes.
Audit
null
M0947
Perform audits or scans of systems, permissions, insecure software, insecure configurations, etc. to identify potential weaknesses. Perform periodic integrity checks of the device to validate the correctness of the firmware, software, programs, and configurations. Integrity checks, which typically include cryptographic hashes or digital signatures, should be compared to those obtained at known valid states, especially after events like device reboots, program downloads, or program restarts.
SI-7
SR 3.4
CR 3.4
1. IEC. (2019, February). Security for industrial automation and control systems - Part 4-2: Technical security requirements for IACS components. Retrieved September 25, 2020.
https://webstore.iec.ch/publication/34421
Control Server
Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content, Application Log: Application Log Content, Operational Databases: Device Alarm, Asset: Device Configuration/Parameters
Level 2
https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0947
https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0836
Modify Parameter
T0836
Adversaries may modify parameters used to instruct industrial control system devices. These devices operate via programs that dictate how and when to perform actions based on such parameters. Such parameters can determine the extent to which an action is performed and may specify additional options. For example, a program on a control system device dictating motor processes may take a parameter defining the total number of seconds to run that motor.
Impair Process Control
The adversary is trying to manipulate, disable, or damage physical control processes.
Audit
null
M0947
Perform audits or scans of systems, permissions, insecure software, insecure configurations, etc. to identify potential weaknesses. Perform periodic integrity checks of the device to validate the correctness of the firmware, software, programs, and configurations. Integrity checks, which typically include cryptographic hashes or digital signatures, should be compared to those obtained at known valid states, especially after events like device reboots, program downloads, or program restarts.
SI-7
SR 3.4
CR 3.4
1. IEC. (2019, February). Security for industrial automation and control systems - Part 4-2: Technical security requirements for IACS components. Retrieved September 25, 2020.
https://webstore.iec.ch/publication/34421
Field Controller/RTU/PLC/IED
Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content, Application Log: Application Log Content, Operational Databases: Device Alarm, Asset: Device Configuration/Parameters
Level 0 Level 1
https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0947
https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0836
Modify Parameter
T0836
Adversaries may modify parameters used to instruct industrial control system devices. These devices operate via programs that dictate how and when to perform actions based on such parameters. Such parameters can determine the extent to which an action is performed and may specify additional options. For example, a program on a control system device dictating motor processes may take a parameter defining the total number of seconds to run that motor.
Impair Process Control
The adversary is trying to manipulate, disable, or damage physical control processes.
Audit
null
M0947
Perform audits or scans of systems, permissions, insecure software, insecure configurations, etc. to identify potential weaknesses. Perform periodic integrity checks of the device to validate the correctness of the firmware, software, programs, and configurations. Integrity checks, which typically include cryptographic hashes or digital signatures, should be compared to those obtained at known valid states, especially after events like device reboots, program downloads, or program restarts.
SI-7
SR 3.4
CR 3.4
1. IEC. (2019, February). Security for industrial automation and control systems - Part 4-2: Technical security requirements for IACS components. Retrieved September 25, 2020.
https://webstore.iec.ch/publication/34421
Human-Machine Interface
Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content, Application Log: Application Log Content, Operational Databases: Device Alarm, Asset: Device Configuration/Parameters
Level 1 Level 2
https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0947
https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0836
Modify Parameter
T0836
Adversaries may modify parameters used to instruct industrial control system devices. These devices operate via programs that dictate how and when to perform actions based on such parameters. Such parameters can determine the extent to which an action is performed and may specify additional options. For example, a program on a control system device dictating motor processes may take a parameter defining the total number of seconds to run that motor.
Impair Process Control
The adversary is trying to manipulate, disable, or damage physical control processes.
Audit
null
M0947
Perform audits or scans of systems, permissions, insecure software, insecure configurations, etc. to identify potential weaknesses. Perform periodic integrity checks of the device to validate the correctness of the firmware, software, programs, and configurations. Integrity checks, which typically include cryptographic hashes or digital signatures, should be compared to those obtained at known valid states, especially after events like device reboots, program downloads, or program restarts.
SI-7
SR 3.4
CR 3.4
1. IEC. (2019, February). Security for industrial automation and control systems - Part 4-2: Technical security requirements for IACS components. Retrieved September 25, 2020.
https://webstore.iec.ch/publication/34421
Safety Instrumented System/Protection Relay
Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content, Application Log: Application Log Content, Operational Databases: Device Alarm, Asset: Device Configuration/Parameters
Level 0 Level 1
https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0947
https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0836
Modify Parameter
T0836
Adversaries may modify parameters used to instruct industrial control system devices. These devices operate via programs that dictate how and when to perform actions based on such parameters. Such parameters can determine the extent to which an action is performed and may specify additional options. For example, a program on a control system device dictating motor processes may take a parameter defining the total number of seconds to run that motor.
Impair Process Control
The adversary is trying to manipulate, disable, or damage physical control processes.
Authorization Enforcement
null
M0800
The device or system should restrict read, manipulate, or execute privileges to only authenticated users who require access based on approved security policies. Role-based Access Control (RBAC) schemes can help reduce the overhead of assigning permissions to the large number of devices within an ICS. For example, IEC 62351 provides examples of roles used to support common system operations within the electric power sector [1], while IEEE 1686 defines standard permissions for users of IEDs. [2]
AC-3
SR 2.1
CR 2.1
3. MITRE. (2020, June). CWE CATEGORY: 7PK - API Abuse. Retrieved September 25, 2020.
https://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/227.html
Control Server
Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content, Application Log: Application Log Content, Operational Databases: Device Alarm, Asset: Device Configuration/Parameters
Level 2
https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0800
https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0836
Modify Parameter
T0836
Adversaries may modify parameters used to instruct industrial control system devices. These devices operate via programs that dictate how and when to perform actions based on such parameters. Such parameters can determine the extent to which an action is performed and may specify additional options. For example, a program on a control system device dictating motor processes may take a parameter defining the total number of seconds to run that motor.
Impair Process Control
The adversary is trying to manipulate, disable, or damage physical control processes.
Authorization Enforcement
null
M0800
The device or system should restrict read, manipulate, or execute privileges to only authenticated users who require access based on approved security policies. Role-based Access Control (RBAC) schemes can help reduce the overhead of assigning permissions to the large number of devices within an ICS. For example, IEC 62351 provides examples of roles used to support common system operations within the electric power sector [1], while IEEE 1686 defines standard permissions for users of IEDs. [2]
AC-3
SR 2.1
CR 2.1
3. MITRE. (2020, June). CWE CATEGORY: 7PK - API Abuse. Retrieved September 25, 2020.
https://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/227.html
Field Controller/RTU/PLC/IED
Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content, Application Log: Application Log Content, Operational Databases: Device Alarm, Asset: Device Configuration/Parameters
Level 0 Level 1
https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0800
https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0836
Modify Parameter
T0836
Adversaries may modify parameters used to instruct industrial control system devices. These devices operate via programs that dictate how and when to perform actions based on such parameters. Such parameters can determine the extent to which an action is performed and may specify additional options. For example, a program on a control system device dictating motor processes may take a parameter defining the total number of seconds to run that motor.
Impair Process Control
The adversary is trying to manipulate, disable, or damage physical control processes.
Authorization Enforcement
null
M0800
The device or system should restrict read, manipulate, or execute privileges to only authenticated users who require access based on approved security policies. Role-based Access Control (RBAC) schemes can help reduce the overhead of assigning permissions to the large number of devices within an ICS. For example, IEC 62351 provides examples of roles used to support common system operations within the electric power sector [1], while IEEE 1686 defines standard permissions for users of IEDs. [2]
AC-3
SR 2.1
CR 2.1
3. MITRE. (2020, June). CWE CATEGORY: 7PK - API Abuse. Retrieved September 25, 2020.
https://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/227.html
Human-Machine Interface
Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content, Application Log: Application Log Content, Operational Databases: Device Alarm, Asset: Device Configuration/Parameters
Level 1 Level 2
https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0800
https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0836
Modify Parameter
T0836
Adversaries may modify parameters used to instruct industrial control system devices. These devices operate via programs that dictate how and when to perform actions based on such parameters. Such parameters can determine the extent to which an action is performed and may specify additional options. For example, a program on a control system device dictating motor processes may take a parameter defining the total number of seconds to run that motor.
Impair Process Control
The adversary is trying to manipulate, disable, or damage physical control processes.
Authorization Enforcement
null
M0800
The device or system should restrict read, manipulate, or execute privileges to only authenticated users who require access based on approved security policies. Role-based Access Control (RBAC) schemes can help reduce the overhead of assigning permissions to the large number of devices within an ICS. For example, IEC 62351 provides examples of roles used to support common system operations within the electric power sector [1], while IEEE 1686 defines standard permissions for users of IEDs. [2]
AC-3
SR 2.1
CR 2.1
3. MITRE. (2020, June). CWE CATEGORY: 7PK - API Abuse. Retrieved September 25, 2020.
https://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/227.html
Safety Instrumented System/Protection Relay
Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content, Application Log: Application Log Content, Operational Databases: Device Alarm, Asset: Device Configuration/Parameters
Level 0 Level 1
https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0800
https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0836
Modify Program
T0889
Adversaries may modify or add a program on a controller to affect how it interacts with the physical process, peripheral devices and other hosts on the network. Modification to controller programs can be accomplished using a Program Download in addition to other types of program modification such as online edit and program append.
Persistence
The adversary is trying to maintain their foothold in your ICS environment.
Audit
null
M0947
Perform audits or scans of systems, permissions, insecure software, insecure configurations, etc. to identify potential weaknesses. Perform periodic integrity checks of the device to validate the correctness of the firmware, software, programs, and configurations. Integrity checks, which typically include cryptographic hashes or digital signatures, should be compared to those obtained at known valid states, especially after events like device reboots, program downloads, or program restarts.
SI-7
SR 3.4
CR 3.4
1. IEC. (2019, February). Security for industrial automation and control systems - Part 4-2: Technical security requirements for IACS components. Retrieved September 25, 2020.
https://webstore.iec.ch/publication/34421
Field Controller/RTU/PLC/IED
File: File Modification, Asset: Software/Firmware
Level 0 Level 1
https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0947
https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0889
Modify Program
T0889
Adversaries may modify or add a program on a controller to affect how it interacts with the physical process, peripheral devices and other hosts on the network. Modification to controller programs can be accomplished using a Program Download in addition to other types of program modification such as online edit and program append.
Persistence
The adversary is trying to maintain their foothold in your ICS environment.
Code Signing
null
M0945
Enforce binary and application integrity with digital signature verification to prevent untrusted code from executing.
SI-7
SR 3.4
CR 3.4
null
null
Field Controller/RTU/PLC/IED
File: File Modification, Asset: Software/Firmware
Level 0 Level 1
https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0945
https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0889
Module Firmware
T0839
Adversaries may install malicious or vulnerable firmware onto modular hardware devices. Control system devices often contain modular hardware devices. These devices may have their own set of firmware that is separate from the firmware of the main control system equipment.
Persistence, Impair Process Control
The adversary is trying to maintain their foothold in your ICS environment. The adversary is trying to manipulate, disable, or damage physical control processes.
Access Management
null
M0801
Access Management technologies can be used to enforce authorization polices and decisions, especially when existing field devices do not provided sufficient capabilities to support user identification and authentication. [1] These technologies typically utilize an in-line network device or gateway system to prevent access to unauthenticated users, while also integrating with an authentication service to first verify user credentials. [2]
AC-3
SR 2.1
CR 2.1
1. McCarthy, J et al.. (2018, July). NIST SP 1800-2 Identity and Access Management for Electric Utilities. Retrieved September 17, 2020.
https://doi.org/10.6028/NIST.SP.1800-2
Field Controller/RTU/PLC/IED
Firmware: Firmware Modification, Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content, Network Traffic: Network Traffic Flow
Level 0 Level 1
https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0801
https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0839
Module Firmware
T0839
Adversaries may install malicious or vulnerable firmware onto modular hardware devices. Control system devices often contain modular hardware devices. These devices may have their own set of firmware that is separate from the firmware of the main control system equipment.
Persistence, Impair Process Control
The adversary is trying to maintain their foothold in your ICS environment. The adversary is trying to manipulate, disable, or damage physical control processes.
Access Management
null
M0801
Access Management technologies can be used to enforce authorization polices and decisions, especially when existing field devices do not provided sufficient capabilities to support user identification and authentication. [1] These technologies typically utilize an in-line network device or gateway system to prevent access to unauthenticated users, while also integrating with an authentication service to first verify user credentials. [2]
AC-3
SR 2.1
CR 2.1
1. McCarthy, J et al.. (2018, July). NIST SP 1800-2 Identity and Access Management for Electric Utilities. Retrieved September 17, 2020.
https://doi.org/10.6028/NIST.SP.1800-2
Safety Instrumented System/Protection Relay
Firmware: Firmware Modification, Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content, Network Traffic: Network Traffic Flow
Level 0 Level 1
https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0801
https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0839
Module Firmware
T0839
Adversaries may install malicious or vulnerable firmware onto modular hardware devices. Control system devices often contain modular hardware devices. These devices may have their own set of firmware that is separate from the firmware of the main control system equipment.
Persistence, Impair Process Control
The adversary is trying to maintain their foothold in your ICS environment. The adversary is trying to manipulate, disable, or damage physical control processes.
Audit
null
M0947
Perform audits or scans of systems, permissions, insecure software, insecure configurations, etc. to identify potential weaknesses. Perform periodic integrity checks of the device to validate the correctness of the firmware, software, programs, and configurations. Integrity checks, which typically include cryptographic hashes or digital signatures, should be compared to those obtained at known valid states, especially after events like device reboots, program downloads, or program restarts.
SI-7
SR 3.4
CR 3.4
1. IEC. (2019, February). Security for industrial automation and control systems - Part 4-2: Technical security requirements for IACS components. Retrieved September 25, 2020.
https://webstore.iec.ch/publication/34421
Field Controller/RTU/PLC/IED
Firmware: Firmware Modification, Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content, Network Traffic: Network Traffic Flow
Level 0 Level 1
https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0947
https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0839
Module Firmware
T0839
Adversaries may install malicious or vulnerable firmware onto modular hardware devices. Control system devices often contain modular hardware devices. These devices may have their own set of firmware that is separate from the firmware of the main control system equipment.
Persistence, Impair Process Control
The adversary is trying to maintain their foothold in your ICS environment. The adversary is trying to manipulate, disable, or damage physical control processes.
Audit
null
M0947
Perform audits or scans of systems, permissions, insecure software, insecure configurations, etc. to identify potential weaknesses. Perform periodic integrity checks of the device to validate the correctness of the firmware, software, programs, and configurations. Integrity checks, which typically include cryptographic hashes or digital signatures, should be compared to those obtained at known valid states, especially after events like device reboots, program downloads, or program restarts.
SI-7
SR 3.4
CR 3.4
1. IEC. (2019, February). Security for industrial automation and control systems - Part 4-2: Technical security requirements for IACS components. Retrieved September 25, 2020.
https://webstore.iec.ch/publication/34421
Safety Instrumented System/Protection Relay
Firmware: Firmware Modification, Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content, Network Traffic: Network Traffic Flow
Level 0 Level 1
https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0947
https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0839
Module Firmware
T0839
Adversaries may install malicious or vulnerable firmware onto modular hardware devices. Control system devices often contain modular hardware devices. These devices may have their own set of firmware that is separate from the firmware of the main control system equipment.
Persistence, Impair Process Control
The adversary is trying to maintain their foothold in your ICS environment. The adversary is trying to manipulate, disable, or damage physical control processes.
Boot Integrity
null
M0946
Use secure methods to boot a system and verify the integrity of the operating system and loading mechanisms.
SI-7
null
CR 3.14
1. N/A. (n.d.). Trusted Platform Module (TPM) Summary. Retrieved September 25, 2020. 2. ESET Research Whitepapers. (2018, September). LOJAX First UEFI rootkit found in the wild, courtesy of the Sednit group. Retrieved September 25, 2020. 3. Intel. (n.d.). Intel Hardware-based Security Technologies for Intelligent Retail Devices. Retrieved September 25, 2020.
https://www.trustedcomputinggroup.org/wp-content/uploads/Trusted-Platform-Module-Summary_04292008.pdf https://www.welivesecurity.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/ESET-LoJax.pdf https://www.intel.com/content/dam/www/public/us/en/documents/white-papers/security-technologies-4th-gen-core-retail-paper.pdf
Field Controller/RTU/PLC/IED
Firmware: Firmware Modification, Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content, Network Traffic: Network Traffic Flow
Level 0 Level 1
https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0946
https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0839
Module Firmware
T0839
Adversaries may install malicious or vulnerable firmware onto modular hardware devices. Control system devices often contain modular hardware devices. These devices may have their own set of firmware that is separate from the firmware of the main control system equipment.
Persistence, Impair Process Control
The adversary is trying to maintain their foothold in your ICS environment. The adversary is trying to manipulate, disable, or damage physical control processes.
Boot Integrity
null
M0946
Use secure methods to boot a system and verify the integrity of the operating system and loading mechanisms.
SI-7
null
CR 3.14
1. N/A. (n.d.). Trusted Platform Module (TPM) Summary. Retrieved September 25, 2020. 2. ESET Research Whitepapers. (2018, September). LOJAX First UEFI rootkit found in the wild, courtesy of the Sednit group. Retrieved September 25, 2020. 3. Intel. (n.d.). Intel Hardware-based Security Technologies for Intelligent Retail Devices. Retrieved September 25, 2020.
https://www.trustedcomputinggroup.org/wp-content/uploads/Trusted-Platform-Module-Summary_04292008.pdf https://www.welivesecurity.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/ESET-LoJax.pdf https://www.intel.com/content/dam/www/public/us/en/documents/white-papers/security-technologies-4th-gen-core-retail-paper.pdf
Safety Instrumented System/Protection Relay
Firmware: Firmware Modification, Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content, Network Traffic: Network Traffic Flow
Level 0 Level 1
https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0946
https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0839
Module Firmware
T0839
Adversaries may install malicious or vulnerable firmware onto modular hardware devices. Control system devices often contain modular hardware devices. These devices may have their own set of firmware that is separate from the firmware of the main control system equipment.
Persistence, Impair Process Control
The adversary is trying to maintain their foothold in your ICS environment. The adversary is trying to manipulate, disable, or damage physical control processes.
Code Signing
null
M0945
Enforce binary and application integrity with digital signature verification to prevent untrusted code from executing.
SI-7
SR 3.4
CR 3.4
null
null
Field Controller/RTU/PLC/IED
Firmware: Firmware Modification, Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content, Network Traffic: Network Traffic Flow
Level 0 Level 1
https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0945
https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0839
Module Firmware
T0839
Adversaries may install malicious or vulnerable firmware onto modular hardware devices. Control system devices often contain modular hardware devices. These devices may have their own set of firmware that is separate from the firmware of the main control system equipment.
Persistence, Impair Process Control
The adversary is trying to maintain their foothold in your ICS environment. The adversary is trying to manipulate, disable, or damage physical control processes.
Code Signing
null
M0945
Enforce binary and application integrity with digital signature verification to prevent untrusted code from executing.
SI-7
SR 3.4
CR 3.4
null
null
Safety Instrumented System/Protection Relay
Firmware: Firmware Modification, Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content, Network Traffic: Network Traffic Flow
Level 0 Level 1
https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0945
https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0839
Module Firmware
T0839
Adversaries may install malicious or vulnerable firmware onto modular hardware devices. Control system devices often contain modular hardware devices. These devices may have their own set of firmware that is separate from the firmware of the main control system equipment.
Persistence, Impair Process Control
The adversary is trying to maintain their foothold in your ICS environment. The adversary is trying to manipulate, disable, or damage physical control processes.
Communication Authenticity
null
M0802
When communicating over an untrusted network, utilize secure network protocols that both authenticate the message sender and can verify its integrity. This can be done either through message authentication codes (MACs) or digital signatures, to detect spoofed network messages and unauthorized connections.
SC-8; SC-23
SR 3.1
CR 3.1
1. CISA. (2010, March 11). https://us-cert.cisa.gov/ncas/tips/ST05-003. Retrieved September 25, 2020.
https://us-cert.cisa.gov/ncas/tips/ST05-003
Field Controller/RTU/PLC/IED
Firmware: Firmware Modification, Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content, Network Traffic: Network Traffic Flow
Level 0 Level 1
https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0802
https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0839
Module Firmware
T0839
Adversaries may install malicious or vulnerable firmware onto modular hardware devices. Control system devices often contain modular hardware devices. These devices may have their own set of firmware that is separate from the firmware of the main control system equipment.
Persistence, Impair Process Control
The adversary is trying to maintain their foothold in your ICS environment. The adversary is trying to manipulate, disable, or damage physical control processes.
Communication Authenticity
null
M0802
When communicating over an untrusted network, utilize secure network protocols that both authenticate the message sender and can verify its integrity. This can be done either through message authentication codes (MACs) or digital signatures, to detect spoofed network messages and unauthorized connections.
SC-8; SC-23
SR 3.1
CR 3.1
1. CISA. (2010, March 11). https://us-cert.cisa.gov/ncas/tips/ST05-003. Retrieved September 25, 2020.
https://us-cert.cisa.gov/ncas/tips/ST05-003
Safety Instrumented System/Protection Relay
Firmware: Firmware Modification, Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content, Network Traffic: Network Traffic Flow
Level 0 Level 1
https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0802
https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0839
Module Firmware
T0839
Adversaries may install malicious or vulnerable firmware onto modular hardware devices. Control system devices often contain modular hardware devices. These devices may have their own set of firmware that is separate from the firmware of the main control system equipment.
Persistence, Impair Process Control
The adversary is trying to maintain their foothold in your ICS environment. The adversary is trying to manipulate, disable, or damage physical control processes.
Encrypt Network Traffic
null
M0808
Utilize strong cryptographic techniques and protocols to prevent eavesdropping on network communications.
SC-8
SR 4.1
CR 4.1
1. Keith Stouffer. (2015, May). Guide to Industrial Control Systems (ICS) Security. Retrieved March 28, 2018.
https://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-82r2.pdf
Field Controller/RTU/PLC/IED
Firmware: Firmware Modification, Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content, Network Traffic: Network Traffic Flow
Level 0 Level 1
https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0808
https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0839
Module Firmware
T0839
Adversaries may install malicious or vulnerable firmware onto modular hardware devices. Control system devices often contain modular hardware devices. These devices may have their own set of firmware that is separate from the firmware of the main control system equipment.
Persistence, Impair Process Control
The adversary is trying to maintain their foothold in your ICS environment. The adversary is trying to manipulate, disable, or damage physical control processes.
Encrypt Network Traffic
null
M0808
Utilize strong cryptographic techniques and protocols to prevent eavesdropping on network communications.
SC-8
SR 4.1
CR 4.1
1. Keith Stouffer. (2015, May). Guide to Industrial Control Systems (ICS) Security. Retrieved March 28, 2018.
https://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-82r2.pdf
Safety Instrumented System/Protection Relay
Firmware: Firmware Modification, Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content, Network Traffic: Network Traffic Flow
Level 0 Level 1
https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0808
https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0839
Module Firmware
T0839
Adversaries may install malicious or vulnerable firmware onto modular hardware devices. Control system devices often contain modular hardware devices. These devices may have their own set of firmware that is separate from the firmware of the main control system equipment.
Persistence, Impair Process Control
The adversary is trying to maintain their foothold in your ICS environment. The adversary is trying to manipulate, disable, or damage physical control processes.
Encrypt Sensitive Information
null
M0941
Protect sensitive data-at-rest with strong encryption.
SC-28
SR 4.1
CR 4.1
1. Keith Stouffer. (2015, May). Guide to Industrial Control Systems (ICS) Security. Retrieved March 28, 2018. 2. National Institute of Standards and Technology. (2013, April). Security and Privacy Controls for Federal Information Systems and Organizations. Retrieved September 17, 2020.
https://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-82r2.pdfc https://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf
Field Controller/RTU/PLC/IED
Firmware: Firmware Modification, Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content, Network Traffic: Network Traffic Flow
Level 0 Level 1
https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0941
https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0839
Module Firmware
T0839
Adversaries may install malicious or vulnerable firmware onto modular hardware devices. Control system devices often contain modular hardware devices. These devices may have their own set of firmware that is separate from the firmware of the main control system equipment.
Persistence, Impair Process Control
The adversary is trying to maintain their foothold in your ICS environment. The adversary is trying to manipulate, disable, or damage physical control processes.
Encrypt Sensitive Information
null
M0941
Protect sensitive data-at-rest with strong encryption.
SC-28
SR 4.1
CR 4.1
1. Keith Stouffer. (2015, May). Guide to Industrial Control Systems (ICS) Security. Retrieved March 28, 2018. 2. National Institute of Standards and Technology. (2013, April). Security and Privacy Controls for Federal Information Systems and Organizations. Retrieved September 17, 2020.
https://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-82r2.pdfc https://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf
Safety Instrumented System/Protection Relay
Firmware: Firmware Modification, Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content, Network Traffic: Network Traffic Flow
Level 0 Level 1
https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0941
https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0839
Module Firmware
T0839
Adversaries may install malicious or vulnerable firmware onto modular hardware devices. Control system devices often contain modular hardware devices. These devices may have their own set of firmware that is separate from the firmware of the main control system equipment.
Persistence, Impair Process Control
The adversary is trying to maintain their foothold in your ICS environment. The adversary is trying to manipulate, disable, or damage physical control processes.
Filter Network Traffic
null
M0937
Use network appliances to filter ingress or egress traffic and perform protocol-based filtering. Configure software on endpoints to filter network traffic. Perform inline allow/denylisting of network messages based on the application layer (OSI Layer 7) protocol, especially for automation protocols. Application allowlists are beneficial when there are well-defined communication sequences, types, rates, or patterns needed during expected system operations. Application denylists may be needed if all acceptable communication sequences cannot be defined, but instead a set of known malicious uses can be denied (e.g., excessive communication attempts, shutdown messages, invalid commands). Devices performing these functions are often referred to as deep-packet inspection (DPI) firewalls, context-aware firewalls, or firewalls blocking specific automation/SCADA protocol aware firewalls. [1]
AC-3; SC-7
SR 5.1
CR 5.1
1. Centre for the Protection of National Infrastructure 2005, February FIREWALL DEPLOYMENT FOR SCADA AND PROCESS CONTROL NETWORKS Retrieved. 2020/09/17
https://www.energy.gov/sites/prod/files/Good%20Practices%20Guide%20for%20Firewall%20Deployment.pdf
Field Controller/RTU/PLC/IED
Firmware: Firmware Modification, Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content, Network Traffic: Network Traffic Flow
Level 0 Level 1
https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0937
https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0839
Module Firmware
T0839
Adversaries may install malicious or vulnerable firmware onto modular hardware devices. Control system devices often contain modular hardware devices. These devices may have their own set of firmware that is separate from the firmware of the main control system equipment.
Persistence, Impair Process Control
The adversary is trying to maintain their foothold in your ICS environment. The adversary is trying to manipulate, disable, or damage physical control processes.
Filter Network Traffic
null
M0937
Use network appliances to filter ingress or egress traffic and perform protocol-based filtering. Configure software on endpoints to filter network traffic. Perform inline allow/denylisting of network messages based on the application layer (OSI Layer 7) protocol, especially for automation protocols. Application allowlists are beneficial when there are well-defined communication sequences, types, rates, or patterns needed during expected system operations. Application denylists may be needed if all acceptable communication sequences cannot be defined, but instead a set of known malicious uses can be denied (e.g., excessive communication attempts, shutdown messages, invalid commands). Devices performing these functions are often referred to as deep-packet inspection (DPI) firewalls, context-aware firewalls, or firewalls blocking specific automation/SCADA protocol aware firewalls. [1]
AC-3; SC-7
SR 5.1
CR 5.1
1. Centre for the Protection of National Infrastructure 2005, February FIREWALL DEPLOYMENT FOR SCADA AND PROCESS CONTROL NETWORKS Retrieved. 2020/09/17
https://www.energy.gov/sites/prod/files/Good%20Practices%20Guide%20for%20Firewall%20Deployment.pdf
Safety Instrumented System/Protection Relay
Firmware: Firmware Modification, Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content, Network Traffic: Network Traffic Flow
Level 0 Level 1
https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0937
https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0839
Module Firmware
T0839
Adversaries may install malicious or vulnerable firmware onto modular hardware devices. Control system devices often contain modular hardware devices. These devices may have their own set of firmware that is separate from the firmware of the main control system equipment.
Persistence, Impair Process Control
The adversary is trying to maintain their foothold in your ICS environment. The adversary is trying to manipulate, disable, or damage physical control processes.
Human User Authentication
null
M0804
Require user authentication before allowing access to data or accepting commands to a device. While strong multi-factor authentication is preferable, it is not always feasible within ICS environments. Performing strong user authentication also requires additional security controls and processes which are often the target of related adversarial techniques (e.g., Valid Accounts, Default Credentials). Therefore, associated ATT&CK mitigations should be considered in addition to this, including Multi-factor Authentication, Account Use Policies, Password Policies, User Account Management, Privileged Account Management, and [https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1052/ User Account Control].
IA-2
SR 1.1
CR 1.1
null
null
Field Controller/RTU/PLC/IED
Firmware: Firmware Modification, Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content, Network Traffic: Network Traffic Flow
Level 0 Level 1
https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0804
https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0839
Module Firmware
T0839
Adversaries may install malicious or vulnerable firmware onto modular hardware devices. Control system devices often contain modular hardware devices. These devices may have their own set of firmware that is separate from the firmware of the main control system equipment.
Persistence, Impair Process Control
The adversary is trying to maintain their foothold in your ICS environment. The adversary is trying to manipulate, disable, or damage physical control processes.
Human User Authentication
null
M0804
Require user authentication before allowing access to data or accepting commands to a device. While strong multi-factor authentication is preferable, it is not always feasible within ICS environments. Performing strong user authentication also requires additional security controls and processes which are often the target of related adversarial techniques (e.g., Valid Accounts, Default Credentials). Therefore, associated ATT&CK mitigations should be considered in addition to this, including Multi-factor Authentication, Account Use Policies, Password Policies, User Account Management, Privileged Account Management, and [https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1052/ User Account Control].
IA-2
SR 1.1
CR 1.1
null
null
Safety Instrumented System/Protection Relay
Firmware: Firmware Modification, Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content, Network Traffic: Network Traffic Flow
Level 0 Level 1
https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0804
https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0839
Module Firmware
T0839
Adversaries may install malicious or vulnerable firmware onto modular hardware devices. Control system devices often contain modular hardware devices. These devices may have their own set of firmware that is separate from the firmware of the main control system equipment.
Persistence, Impair Process Control
The adversary is trying to maintain their foothold in your ICS environment. The adversary is trying to manipulate, disable, or damage physical control processes.
Network Allowlists
null
M0807
Network allowlists can be implemented through either host-based files or system hosts files to specify what connections (e.g., IP address, MAC address, port, protocol) can be made from a device. Allowlist techniques that operate at the application layer (e.g., DNP3, Modbus, HTTP) are addressed in Filter Network Traffic mitigation.
AC-3
null
null
1. Department of Homeland Security. (2016, September). Retrieved September 25, 2020.
https://us-cert.cisa.gov/sites/default/files/recommended_practices/NCCIC_ICS-CERT_Defense_in_Depth_2016_S508C.pdf
Field Controller/RTU/PLC/IED
Firmware: Firmware Modification, Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content, Network Traffic: Network Traffic Flow
Level 0 Level 1
https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0807
https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0839
Module Firmware
T0839
Adversaries may install malicious or vulnerable firmware onto modular hardware devices. Control system devices often contain modular hardware devices. These devices may have their own set of firmware that is separate from the firmware of the main control system equipment.
Persistence, Impair Process Control
The adversary is trying to maintain their foothold in your ICS environment. The adversary is trying to manipulate, disable, or damage physical control processes.
Network Allowlists
null
M0807
Network allowlists can be implemented through either host-based files or system hosts files to specify what connections (e.g., IP address, MAC address, port, protocol) can be made from a device. Allowlist techniques that operate at the application layer (e.g., DNP3, Modbus, HTTP) are addressed in Filter Network Traffic mitigation.
AC-3
null
null
1. Department of Homeland Security. (2016, September). Retrieved September 25, 2020.
https://us-cert.cisa.gov/sites/default/files/recommended_practices/NCCIC_ICS-CERT_Defense_in_Depth_2016_S508C.pdf
Safety Instrumented System/Protection Relay
Firmware: Firmware Modification, Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content, Network Traffic: Network Traffic Flow
Level 0 Level 1
https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M0807
https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T0839