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c_vp4smhzjbb4n | In order to keep bikes and docks balanced throughout the service area, Bay Wheels offers an incentive program called Bike Angels. At any given time, each docking station is assigned a point value for picking up or dropping off bikes, based on availability, which is displayed in the Bay Wheels app. Members who take out ... | Bay Wheels |
c_ii2n7y0lpl61 | In order to keep its plumage free from parasites, it lies on top of anthills with spread wings and lets its feathers be sprayed with formic acid. | Eurasian jay |
c_6a0tu9qmxzoh | In order to keep patients safe, hospitals use a range of technologies to combat airborne pathogens. Isolation rooms can be designed to feature positive or negative air-pressure flows. Positive-pressure rooms are used when there are patients who are extremely susceptible to disease, such as HIV patients. For these patie... | Aerobiological engineering |
c_6x8zz17tyzyt | These systems filter the air before delivery with a HEPA filter and then pump it into the isolation room at high pressure, which forces air from the isolation room out into the hallway. In a negative-pressure system, the focus is on keeping infectious diseases isolated by controlling the airflow and directing harmful a... | Aerobiological engineering |
c_2lkyeqe2efea | The most common application of these rooms in the health industry today is for isolating tuberculosis patients. To do this, the air is exhausted from the room at a rate greater than that at which it is being delivered. This makes it difficult for airborne disease to go from a contaminated area to a hospital hallway, be... | Aerobiological engineering |
c_u3nyr2g4dduh | In order to keep prices fair, Nookazon has introduced different forms of currency in order to keep a stable economy. One example of this is the introduction of paying with Nook Miles Tickets, highly valued Animal Crossing items. Whereas the value of Bells has gradually decreased over time, the price of Nook Miles Ticke... | Nookazon |
c_fy2r4anu94bt | When asked about the fluctuating price of certain popular items in the game, Daniel Luu stated "One thing has definitely taught me is that people will go crazy over certain items. People just love to have their dream islands come true. Even though sometimes the Discord link on the website doesn’t work, people are stil... | Nookazon |
c_yau2pwhvaunq | In order to keep the formula simple the arguments ( x 0 , y 0 , z 0 ) {\displaystyle (x_{0},y_{0},z_{0})} are omitted: κ n = v ⊤ H F v ‖ grad F ‖ {\displaystyle \kappa _{n}={\frac {\mathbf {v} ^{\top }H_{F}\mathbf {v} }{\|\operatorname {grad} F\|}}} is the normal curvature of the surface at a regular point for the un... | Implicit surface |
c_hdy4gve9sihh | In order to keep the geometry of the tube-sample-detector assembly constant, the sample is normally prepared as a flat disc, typically of diameter 20–50 mm. This is located at a standardized, small distance from the tube window. Because the X-ray intensity follows an inverse-square law, the tolerances for this placemen... | X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy |
c_w5jt4sb6ocxq | A further reason for obtaining a flat and representative sample surface is that the secondary X-rays from lighter elements often only emit from the top few micrometres of the sample. In order to further reduce the effect of surface irregularities, the sample is usually spun at 5–20 rpm. It is necessary to ensure that t... | X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy |
c_xskgwawwio5r | In order to keep the primary sealing surfaces in intimate contact, an actuating force is required. This actuating force is provided by a spring. In conjunction with the spring, axial forces may also be provided by the pressure of the sealed fluid acting on the seal ring. Many different types of springs are used in mech... | Rotating seal |
c_1rlajhamriw8 | In order to keep the proof for squaring simple, the sphere has the equation x 2 + y 2 + z 2 = r 2 {\displaystyle \;x^{2}+y^{2}+z^{2}=r^{2}\;} and the cylinder is upright with equation x 2 + y 2 − r x = 0 {\displaystyle \;x^{2}+y^{2}-rx=0\;} .The cylinder has radius r / 2 {\displaystyle r/2} and is tangent to the sphere... | Viviani's curve |
c_2k2xlfegql8o | In order to keep the studied sample clean and free from unwanted adsorbates, LEED experiments are performed in an ultra-high vacuum environment (residual gas pressure <10−7 Pa). | Low energy electron diffraction |
c_id6g6s4xrxbh | In order to keep the wear pattern as even as possible, and to help prevent any particles in the angle between blade and cylinder, all except the smallest machines use oscillating doctor blades. The entire doctor blade assembly oscillates from side to side. The oscillation, flexibility of the blade, and the various poss... | Doctor blade |
c_pg34ot9p04no | In order to keep track of the competitors' riding times, Sportident is typically used. Each rider has a 'card' (chip) on their finger, and they 'punch' the Control point (orienteering) as shown on the image below. The card registers when the punch was made, which can be used for keeping track of riding times and split-... | Mountain bike orienteering |
c_6ld0xdzioh9f | In recent years, time-keeping has become more modern, and mountain bike orienteering events typically use touch-free time-keeping, meaning that competitors can maintain their speed while punching the control points. The competitors can ride past the control points at up to 180 cm range and still punch the controls. Ano... | Mountain bike orienteering |
c_r7ihzq7cs0li | In order to keep up with changing demands and environmental factors, forestry education does not stop at graduation. Increasingly, forestry professionals engage in regular training to maintain and improve on their management practices. An increasingly popular tool are marteloscopes; one hectare large, rectangular fores... | Forest engineering |
c_1u0mf71od5tu | In order to know whether a certain bacterium synthesises Cas9, and therefore uses CRISPR-Cas9, or to detect accidental or not allowed use of this system, AcrIIC1 can be used. As the aforementioned protein binds to Cas9, a centrifugal microfluidic platform has been designed to detect it and determine its catalytic activ... | Anti-CRISPR |
c_ae0tffzdjl6g | In order to know whether the origin of the Golden sun is the one indicated by Mr. Ariolfo Vásquez (the province of Azuay) or if it comes from the Ecuadorian or Colombian coast, the Central Bank ordered physical-chemical analyzes to be carried out on the two golden suns and several samples from pre-Columbian goldsmith p... | Golden sun of La Tolita |
c_9fuwbl0nm1e8 | In order to last 20+ years outdoors exposed to the elements, such solar cells must be finished with a front sheet of a UV-resistant fluoropolymer or thermoplastic olefin rather than the glass used in conventional solar cells, which is comparatively inexpensive. Solar cells must be sealed so water and oxygen cannot ente... | Printed solar panel |
c_evr6on7xstfa | In order to last, the crown must be made of enough material to withstand normal masticatory function and should be contained within the space created by the tooth preparation, otherwise problems may arise with aesthetics and occlusal stability (i.e. high restorations) and cause periodontal inflammation. Depending on th... | Dental crown |
c_b20aezuvv8h3 | In order to lay down hard and fast, standardised rules of construction it was necessary to categorise London buildings into separate classes or "rates". Each rate had to conform to its own structural code for foundations, thicknesses of external and party walls, and the positions of windows in outside walls. For all ra... | Building Act 1774 |
c_fu3cxp0c0puh | The Act determined seven types of building construction graded by ground area occupied and value. The four rates applicable to houses predicted the likely social class of their occupants. A 'First Rate' house was valued at over £850, and occupied an area on the ground plan of more than nine "squares of building" (900 s... | Building Act 1774 |
c_yprp8tn7kykc | These houses were typically for the "nobility" or "gentry". The occupants would frequently not own the house, but would rent and use it as their townhouse as a temporary alternative to their larger country house. A 'Second Rate' house was valued at between £300 and £850, and occupied an area on the ground plan of betwe... | Building Act 1774 |
c_po9pzjiym2y7 | These houses were typically for "professional" men, "gentleman of good fortune", or "merchants", and might face notable streets or the River Thames. A 'Third Rate' house was smaller and valued at between £150 and £300, and occupied an area on the ground plan of between three and a half and nine "squares of building" (3... | Building Act 1774 |
c_v2m833woper5 | A “Fourth Rate” House was valued at less than £150, and occupied an area on the ground plan of less than three-and-a-half "squares of building" (350 square feet (33 m2)). These houses were typically for "mechanics" or "artisans", and would be found in minor streets.All external woodwork, including ornament, was banishe... | Building Act 1774 |
c_tumh763xrwix | Bowed shop windows were made to draw in to a 10 inches (250 mm) or less projection. Window joinery which previous legislation had already pushed back from the wall face was now concealed in recesses to avoid the spread of fire. House Rates, as Defined by the 1774 Act - Example Designs (from Nicholson's The New Practica... | Building Act 1774 |
c_nrhxefrxdps7 | In order to learn a language, a child has to learn how the language expresses reference grammatically. Quine presents a behavioral theory in which the child acquires language through a process of conditioning and ostension. This process consists of four phases. : 98–100 In the first phase the child starts babbling. | Semantic ascent |
c_16e96ug9jsa8 | This behavior gets rewarded or not, dependent on the situation in which it occurs. Terms are learned by a process of reinforcement and extinction. In this phase, the child is not aware yet of objects, it just reacts to stimulations. | Semantic ascent |
c_q175emo86ase | This is a form of operant conditioning. In the second phase, the child acquires general terms, and demonstrative singular terms (this, that) and singular description, sentences that name (or purport to name) only one object. In this phase the child also learns terms that do not have reference, like 'unicorn'. | Semantic ascent |
c_rpxoebd1dqwo | Furthermore, the child learns divided reference of general terms (that general terms refer to more than one object), and with that it has access to a conceptual scheme that includes 'enduring and recurring objects'. : 86 With this, the child has acquired the important distinction between singular and general terms. Thi... | Semantic ascent |
c_osji592icdhu | : 87 As Quine points out: 'The basis combination in which general and singular terms find their contrasting roles is that of predication. ': 87 Predication combines general terms with singular terms, in a sentence that is true or false just as the general term ('F') is true or false of the object to which the singular ... | Semantic ascent |
c_d7meen0h4bow | In the third phase, the child learns composite general terms, which are formed by joining two general terms. In the fourth phase, the child learns how to talk about new objects. The child can now apply relative terms to singular or general terms. | Semantic ascent |
c_pbrxtpjtcvdn | A relative term is a term that is true of two (or more) objects in relation to each other, like 'bigger than'. The child can now make use of terms that refer to objects that cannot be seen, for example 'smaller than that speck' to refer to a neutrino. : 100 This phase thus gives a new dimension to the child's conceptua... | Semantic ascent |
c_gewbhg60egpr | In order to learn more about the relevant physical process in the atmosphere, the MWP Team launched two expeditions in the Argentinean Andes in 1999 and 2006. For high altitude flights a modified Stemme S10 VT motorglider was used as a platform for airborne data acquisition and measurement. The pilots were assisted wit... | Mountain Wave Project |
c_kicb84u6suq0 | In order to learn the influence a sequence has on phenotype, or to discover its biological function, researchers can engineer a change or disrupt the DNA. After this change has been made a researcher can look for the effect of such alterations in the whole organism. There are several different methods of reverse geneti... | Reverse genetics |
c_uz4y8dazpk34 | In order to lessen these financial losses, some regions offer financial compensation to affected farmers. However, these programs are not always effective. Major criticisms revolve around the response times of programs, arguing that they take too long or do not happen at all. Additionally, farmers do not always receive... | Human–lion conflict |
c_xxuixdvn4wf7 | For example, as of 2009, Botswana's state-funded compensation program only compensated farmers for 80% of the value they lost. It is common for farmers to not even report livestock losses due in part to dissatisfaction with response time and amount. However, the Predator Compensation Fund (PCF) in Massailand, Kenya has... | Human–lion conflict |
c_cvim6jynm8np | In order to let Beethoven's original instruments not only be heard in concerts, the Beethoven-Haus started a CD series. Renowned musicians such as Tabea Zimmermann, Daniel Sepec, the Schuppanzigh quartet, Jörg Demus and Andreas Staier perform compositions from Beethoven and his contemporaries on Beethoven's string inst... | Beethoven House |
c_24zqrg45z3lh | In order to leverage as large a dataset as is feasible, generative AI is often trained on unlicensed copyrighted works, including in domains such as images or computer code; the output is then used under a rationale of "fair use". Experts disagree about how well, and under what circumstances, this rationale will hold u... | Intelligent machine |
c_omn9u66muv7c | In order to levitate the particle in air, the downward force of gravity must be countered by the forces stemming from photon momentum transfer. Typically photon radiation pressure of a focused laser beam of enough intensity counters the downward force of gravity while also preventing lateral (side to side) and vertical... | Dipole trap |
c_w9jgf7cpv55y | Laser power required is of the order of 1 Watt focused to a spot size of several tens of micrometers. Phenomena related to morphology-dependent resonances in a spherical optical cavity have been studied by several research groups. For a shiny object, such as a metallic micro-sphere, stable optical levitation has not be... | Dipole trap |
c_i6irdils4tyh | In order to limit production cost, Busicom wanted to design a calculator engine that would be based on a few integrated circuits (ICs), containing some ROMs and shift registers and that could be adapted to a broad range of calculators by just changing the ROM IC chips. Busicom's engineers came up with a design that req... | Busicom |
c_6a5dwoiobd0b | This can be proven by showing that for a schema S = (D, R, h), a given set K of constants in the query expression, a tuple variable v and a header H we can construct a safe formula for every pair v.a with a in H that states that its value is in the active domain. For example, assume that K={1,2}, R={"r"} and h = { ("r"... | Tuple relational calculus |
c_4yped3epbwub | In order to limit water usage, a gray water circuit (for washing dishes and clothes) is used.Wastewater is purified in a vegetated cascade pond outside the edifice and it also collects rainwater. Natural waste and excrement are dry composted in the structure as well. | Heliotrope (building) |
c_yr7pyy5o2ucg | In order to link sequence read abundance to the expression of a particular gene, transcript sequences are aligned to a reference genome or de novo aligned to one another if no reference is available. The key challenges for alignment software include sufficient speed to permit billions of short sequences to be aligned i... | Transcriptomics technologies |
c_bjng200u1j0i | Short read aligners perform an additional round of alignments specifically designed to identify splice junctions, informed by canonical splice site sequences and known intron splice site information. Identification of intron splice junctions prevents reads from being misaligned across splice junctions or erroneously di... | Transcriptomics technologies |
c_z6r7ur5bawsm | Challenges particular to de novo assembly include larger computational requirements compared to a reference-based transcriptome, additional validation of gene variants or fragments, and additional annotation of assembled transcripts. The first metrics used to describe transcriptome assemblies, such as N50, have been sh... | Transcriptomics technologies |
c_vprq3rj1db3x | Annotation-based metrics are better assessments of assembly completeness, such as contig reciprocal best hit count. Once assembled de novo, the assembly can be used as a reference for subsequent sequence alignment methods and quantitative gene expression analysis. Legend: RAM – random access memory; MPI – message passi... | Transcriptomics technologies |
c_k5b8qh272cp1 | In order to live effectively in a given place, a people needs to understand the particulars of their environment, and many traditional societies have complex and subtle understandings of the places in which they live. Ethnobiologists seek to share in these understandings, subject to ethical concerns regarding intellect... | Ethnobiology |
c_dbv2yryb28bl | In order to load a gas as a sample of pressure transmitting medium, the gas must be in a dense state, as to not shrink the sample chamber once pressure is induced. To achieve a dense state, gases can be liquefied at low temperatures or compressed. Cryogenic loading is a technique that uses liquefied gas as a means of f... | Diamond anvil |
c_2flox2lrzzfd | However, there are disadvantages to cryogenic loading. With the low temperatures indicative of cryogenic loading, the sample is subjected to temperatures that could irreversibly change it. Also, the boiling liquid could displace the sample or trap an air bubble in the chamber. | Diamond anvil |
c_rhu3nw6dsbmx | It is not possible to load gas mixtures using the cryogenic method due to the different boiling points of most gases. Gas compression technique densifies the gases at room temperature. With this method, most of the problems seen with cryogenic loading are fixed. | Diamond anvil |
c_b7245tdx76ai | Also, loading gas mixtures becomes a possibility. The technique uses a vessel or chamber in which the DAC is placed and is filled with gas. Gases are pressurized and pumped into the vessel with a compressor. Once the vessel is filled and the desired pressure is reached the DAC is closed with a clamp system run by motor... | Diamond anvil |
c_8280ukx2bl0e | In order to lower costs, retailers' cooperatives establish central buying locations, providing them with the opportunity to purchase in bulk. Retailers' cooperatives also engage in group advertising and promotion, uniform stock merchandising, and private branding.The aim of the cooperative is to improve buying conditio... | Bicycle cooperative |
c_b8rdq3l1xbxv | In order to lubricate the moving parts of the compressor, oil is added to the refrigerant during installation or commissioning. The type of oil may be mineral or synthetic to suit the compressor type, and also chosen so as not to react with the refrigerant type and other components in the system. In small refrigeration... | Vapor compression refrigeration |
c_rtdo4rj5vf8q | Oil separators are not 100% efficient so system pipework must still be designed so that oil can drain back by gravity to the oil separator or compressor. Some newer compressor technologies use magnetic bearings or air bearings and require no lubrication, for example the Danfoss Turbocor range of centrifugal compressors... | Vapor compression refrigeration |
c_lavjjabdez1i | In order to maintain a low junction temperature to keep good performance of an LED, every method of removing heat from LEDs should be considered. Conduction, convection, and radiation are the three means of heat transfer. Typically, LEDs are encapsulated in a transparent polyurethane-based resin, which is a poor therma... | Thermal management of high-power LEDs |
c_pkokc6yb0noo | Heat is generated from the p–n junction by electrical energy that was not converted to useful light, and conducted to outside ambience through a long path, from junction to solder point, solder point to board, and board to the heat sink and then to the atmosphere. A typical LED side view and its thermal model are shown... | Thermal management of high-power LEDs |
c_lxbrhbyrmjwq | To maximize the useful ambient temperature range for a given power dissipation, the total thermal resistance from junction to ambient must be minimized. The values for the thermal resistance vary widely depending on the material or component supplier. For example, RJC will range from 2.6 °C/W to 18 °C/W, depending on t... | Thermal management of high-power LEDs |
c_jxkzma6o66jh | The thermal interface material’s (TIM) thermal resistance will also vary depending on the type of material selected. Common TIMs are epoxy, thermal grease, pressure-sensitive adhesive and solder. Power LEDs are often mounted on metal-core printed circuit boards (MCPCB), which will be attached to a heat sink. Heat condu... | Thermal management of high-power LEDs |
c_m0yh47vafftj | In order to maintain a successful symbiosis following host infection, cyanobacteria need to match their life cycles with those of their hosts’. In other words, cyanobacterial cell division must be done at a rate matching their host in order to divide at similar times. As free living organisms, cyanobacteria typically d... | Cyanobiont |
c_pf4jbf95aptf | Instead, cyanobionts appear to limit their own nutrient uptake in order to delay cell division, while the excess nutrients are diverted to the host for uptake.As the host continues to grow and reproduce, the cyanobiont will continue to infect and replicate in the new cells. This is known as vertical transmission, where... | Cyanobiont |
c_vjqsxdjw1yns | In the water fern Azolla, cyanobacteria colonize the cavities within dorsal leaves. As new leaves form and begin to grow, the new leaf cavities that develop will quickly become colonized by new incoming cyanobacteria.An alternative mode of transmission is known as horizontal transmission, where hosts acquire new cyanob... | Cyanobiont |
c_iu86bwk3l7y8 | This mode of transmission is commonly seen when hosts reproduce sexually, as it tends to increase the genetic diversity of both host and cyanobiont. Hosts that use horizontal transmission in order to obtain cyanobacteria will typically acquire a large and diverse cyanobiont population. This may be used as a survival st... | Cyanobiont |
c_jje13ve69jsq | In order to maintain an environment that is beneficial for both the teacher and the student, culture, literature, and other disciplines should be integrated systematically into the instruction. Postponing content-area instruction until CLD students gain academic language skills bridges the linguistic achievement gap be... | English language learner |
c_3for9m78p7ad | What might be incorrect in English, might be correct in one's native language. If this is the case, then the student may transfer information from his/her first language to the second.Students will benefit substantially from the use of literature in instruction, as well. "Reading texts that match learner interests and ... | English language learner |
c_e8v1mcyxlbi6 | Students can also gain additional motivation and enjoyment from the addition of literature. Students also can gain motivation in writing by teachers allowing them to write about culturally relevant topics that allow students to express where they come from and aspects of their culture .By integrating other disciplines ... | English language learner |
c_r7yv01m40vle | Introducing language in other contexts focuses not only on learning a second language, but using that language as a medium to learn mathematics, science, social studies, or other academic subjects. These varying approaches aid ELL students' awareness "that English is not just an object of academic interest nor merely a... | English language learner |
c_dp0ikttignk9 | In order to maintain and promote the proper processing of a clarifier, it is important to remove any corrosive, reactive and polymerisable components first, or any material that may foul the outlet stream of water to avoid any unwanted side reactions, changes in the product or damage to any of the water treatment equip... | Clarifier |
c_cm2riu5vkhwe | The sludge formed from the settled particles at the bottom of each clarifier, if left for an extended period of time, may become gluey and viscous, causing difficulties in its removal. This formation of sludge promotes anaerobic conditions and a healthy environment for the growth of bacteria. This can cause the resuspe... | Clarifier |
c_krb572u6d0wb | In order to maintain balance, homeostatic controls exist to regulate the overall activity of neural circuits, specifically by regulating the destabilizing effects of developmental and learning processes that result in changes of synaptic strength. Homeostatic plasticity also helps regulate prolonged excitatory response... | Developmental plasticity |
c_nk4nw496pq7j | In order to maintain consistency in the look of a device, OS manufacturers offer detailed guidelines for the development and use of icons on their systems. This is true for both standard system icons and third party application icons to be included in the system. The system icons currently in use have typically gone th... | Computer icons |
c_lj8ct4oc26zg | In order to maintain data integrity and high availability across a relatively unreliable set of computers over a wide area network like the Internet, the source node will add some level of redundancy to each data block. This allows the system to recreate the entire block even if some nodes are temporarily unavailable (... | Cooperative storage cloud |
c_ooj5bsmyvvk7 | In order to maintain good programming practice, a number of compiler options and flags designed for safety have been enabled by default to help in spotting potential issues so they can be fixed earlier (-Wall, -Werror, -Wextra, -Wuninitialized). There have also been code readability updates which help future contributo... | LibreSSL |
c_dkf549he90gx | In order to maintain high-quality performance, some musicians take chemical substances. Some musicians take drugs such as alcohol to deal with the stress of performing. As a group they have a higher rate of substance abuse. The most common chemical substance which is abused by pop musicians is cocaine, because of its n... | Substance misuse |
c_i4bdxs71677c | Stimulants like cocaine increase alertness and cause feelings of euphoria, and can therefore make the performer feel as though they in some ways 'own the stage'. One way in which substance abuse is harmful for a performer (musicians especially) is if the substance being abused is aspirated. The lungs are an important o... | Substance misuse |
c_z0vh1tejcquj | In order to maintain homeostasis, the central nervous system responds constantly, via neural feedback, to environmental cues. Stressful events disrupt the rhythmic structure of autonomic states, and subsequently, behaviors. Since the vagus plays such an integral role in the peripheral nervous system via regulation of h... | Polyvagal theory |
c_zpoowt0zhrw4 | If true, this method could be useful to measure individual differences in stress reactivity.RSA is the widely used measure of the amplitude of heart rate rhythm associated with the rate of spontaneous breathing. Research has shown that amplitude of RSA is an accurate indicator of the efferent influence of the vagus on ... | Polyvagal theory |
c_gg6pr8zxpeyi | In order to maintain indoor air quality, air handlers commonly have provisions to allow the introduction of outside air into, and the exhausting of air from the building. In temperate climates, mixing the right amount of cooler outside air with warmer return air can be used to approach the desired supply air temperatur... | Air handler |
c_ur7vpaornwlm | In order to maintain maritime visibility, most vessels are mandated to use Automatic Identification System (AIS) beacons aboard vessels to locate them. Although AIS is a useful tool, there are many ways it can be rendered ineffective. Ships can turn their beacons off, effectively making them very difficult to detect an... | HawkEye 360 |
c_dc8d3v98u4nl | Other times, ships will input invalid coordinates (referred to as spoofing), so as to appear miles from their true location. Lastly, in high-traffic areas such as ports, it is difficult to distinguish vessels' signals due to the high density of RF activity.HawkEye 360 collects and analyzes RF frequencies used by ships ... | HawkEye 360 |
c_r1kq5wvjoyag | In order to maintain party discipline, given political parties usually appoint a party whip whose primary task it is to maintain party discipline and to ensure the given party members support the party on the floor of the legislature. In liberal democracies, party discipline commonly refers to the control that party le... | Party discipline |
c_npeudqsxq0jt | Breaking party discipline in both formal and informal settings may result in a number of consequences. Punishment for members who break party discipline largely varies on a case-to-case basis, but members may find themselves in a variety of positions from being internally demoted in the party to being expelled from the... | Party discipline |
c_e6n38y1ynfrm | In order to maintain performance across a range of environmental conditions, there are several strategies organisms use to acclimate. In response to changes in temperature, organisms can change the biochemistry of cell membranes making them more fluid in cold temperatures and less fluid in warm temperatures by increasi... | Acclimatization |
c_g50tlsj1vnrk | In order to maintain protein homeostasis post-translationally, the cell makes use of molecular chaperones sometimes including chaperonins, which aid in the assembly or disassembly of proteins. They recognize exposed segments of hydrophobic amino acids in the nascent peptide chain and then work to promote the proper for... | Proteostasis |
c_ld829cngp6c3 | Ribosome profiling experiments have shown that TF predominantly targets ribosomes translating outer membrane proteins in vivo, and moreover are underrepresented on ribosomes translating inner membrane proteins. Trigger factor not only directly works to properly fold the protein but also recruits other chaperones to the... | Proteostasis |
c_k8u0h5vem08q | Hsp70 surrounds an unfolded peptide chain, thereby preventing aggregation and promoting folding.Chaperonins are a special class of chaperones that promote native state folding by cyclically encapsulating the peptide chain. Chaperonins are divided into two groups. Group 1 chaperonins are commonly found in bacteria, chlo... | Proteostasis |
c_dflbkq12o5ya | Group 2 chaperonins are found in the cytosol of eukaryotic cells as well as in archaea. Group 2 chaperonins also contain an additional helical component which acts as a lid for the cylindrical protein chamber, unlike Group 1 which instead relies on an extra cochaperone to act as a lid. All chaperonins exhibit two state... | Proteostasis |
c_8qt4qxu2z4om | In order to maintain temperatures above −77 °C, a solvent with a freezing point above −77 °C must be used. When dry ice is added to acetonitrile, the bath will begin cooling. Once the temperature reaches −41 °C, the acetonitrile will freeze. Therefore, dry ice must be added slowly to avoid freezing the entire mixture. ... | Cooling bath |
c_39fgdhbq53hj | In order to maintain the Bretton Woods system, the US had to run a balance of payments current account deficit to provide liquidity for the conversion of gold into U.S. dollars. With more US dollars in the system than were backed with gold under the Bretton Woods agreement, the US dollar was overvalued. The gold reserv... | Triffin dilemma |
c_7dehfmzq99pf | Foreign speculators did not directly contribute to the gold flow out of the US, as under the Bretton Woods Agreement, only governments could exchange US currency for physical gold. Additionally, while the Bretton Woods Agreement was in place, direct speculation by US citizens did not contribute to the price imbalance a... | Triffin dilemma |
c_1agemzbk0jxf | As with all price controls, this caused supply and demand imbalances and an arbitrage opportunity which rapidly depleted the United States gold reserves. This led to less gold in the country and caused the US Dollar to become even more overvalued relative to the US gold reserves, leading to a self-propagating cycle. Fu... | Triffin dilemma |
c_7i209282v2qy | In order to maintain the aspect of social responsibility inherent within the concept of sustainable cities, implementing sustainable transportation must include access to transportation by all levels of society. Due to the fact that car and fuel cost are often too expensive for lower-income urban residents, completing ... | Sustainable cities |
c_vi0uodj7csye | As studies have shown, this accessibility creates a great increase in social and productive opportunity for city residents. By allowing lower-income residents cheap and available transportation, it allows for individuals to seek employment opportunities all over the urban center rather than simply the area in which the... | Sustainable cities |
c_02xggrywac4j | In order to maintain the cell membrane potential, cells keep a low concentration of sodium ions and high levels of potassium ions within the cell (intracellular). The sodium–potassium pump mechanism moves 3 sodium ions out and moves 2 potassium ions in, thus, in total, removing one positive charge carrier from the intr... | Cation exchanger |
c_g390ua1m15br | In order to maintain the echo frequency around a constant value for optimal hearing, the bat must dynamically modulate the frequency of the pulses it emits. This is done rapidly in the naturally behaving animal, and is accomplished by making a series of small changes to the call frequency upon receiving auditory feedba... | Doppler Shift Compensation |
c_81gkbzfb5e6l | By making small changes to the frequency of each call, and increasing the overall rate of pulses produced, the bat is able to rapidly attend to ongoing auditory feedback and use that information to accurately stabilize the echo frequency around a constant value. Making large changes in call frequency without increasing... | Doppler Shift Compensation |
c_8hfd8u4114fq | In order to maintain the security of the home many home automation systems integrate features such as remote keyless entry systems which will allow seniors to view who is at the door and then remotely open the door. Home networks can also be programmed to automatically lock doors and shut blinds in order to maintain pr... | Home automation for the elderly and disabled |
c_73oh687t1qbx | In order to maintain the solution electroneutrality inside the pit populated by cations released by oxidation in the anodic zone (e.g., Fe2+ in case of steel), anions need to migrate inside the narrow pit. It is worth to notice that the electromobilities of thiosulfate (S2O2−3) and chloride (Cl−) anions are the highest... | Pitting corrosion |
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