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Baudrillard stated in an interview, critiquing the content and production of The Matrix: The Matrix paints the picture of a monopolistic superpower, like we see today, and then collaborates in its refraction. Basically, its dissemination on a world scale is complicit with the film itself. On this point it is worth reca... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Popular_culture |
With the invention of the printing press in the sixteenth century, mass-produced, cheap books, pamphlets and periodicals became widely available to the public. With this, the transmission of common knowledge and ideas was possible. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Popular_culture |
In the 1890s, Nikola Tesla and Guglielmo Marconi created the radiotelegraph, allowing for the modern radio to be born. This led to the radio being able to influence a more "listened-to" culture, with individuals being able to feel like they have a more direct impact. This radio culture is vital, because it was imperati... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Popular_culture |
Films and cinema are highly influential to popular culture, as films as an art form are what people seem to respond to the most. With moving pictures being first captured by Eadweard Muybridge in 1877, films have evolved into elements that can be cast into different digital formats, spreading to different cultures. The... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Popular_culture |
Films are a known massive influencer to popular culture yet not all films create a movement that contributes enough to be part of the popular culture that starts movements. The content must resonate to most of the public so the knowledge in the material connects with the majority. Popular culture is a set of beliefs in... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Popular_culture |
The beliefs are still a trend that change more rapidly in the modern age that carries a continuation of outpouring media and more specifically films. The trend does not last but it also carries a different effect based on individuals that can be grouped to generalized groups based on age and education. The creation of ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Popular_culture |
The culture of film is more evident through social media. Social media is an instant source of feedback and creates discussion on films. A repeating event that has been set in modern culture within the trend setting phase is the creation of movements in social media platforms to defend a featured subject on a film.Popu... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Popular_culture |
A television program is a segment of audiovisual content intended for broadcast (other than a commercial, trailer, or other content not serving as attraction for viewership). Television programs may be fictional (as in comedies and dramas), or non-fictional (as in documentary, light entertainment, news and reality tele... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Popular_culture |
Popular music is music with wide appeal that is typically distributed to large audiences through the music industry. These forms and styles can be enjoyed and performed by people with little or no musical training. It stands in contrast to both art music and traditional or "folk" music. Art music was historically disse... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Popular_culture |
Sports include all forms of competitive physical activity or games which, through casual or organised participation, aim to use, maintain or improve physical ability and skills while providing enjoyment to participants, and in some cases, entertainment for spectators. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Popular_culture |
Corporate branding refers to the practice of promoting the brand name of a corporate entity, as opposed to specific products or services. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Popular_culture |
Personal branding includes the use of social media to promotion to brands and topics to further good repute among professionals in a given field, produce an iconic relationship between a professional, a brand and its audience that extends networks past the conventional lines established by the mainstream and to enhance... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Popular_culture |
As influencers, micro-celebrities, and users constantly need to find new ways to be unique or stay updated with trends, in order to maintain followers, views, and likes. For example, Ellen DeGeneres has created her own personal branding through her talk show The Ellen DeGeneres Show. As she developed her brand we can s... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Popular_culture |
Social media is interactive computer-mediated technologies that facilitate the creation or sharing of information, ideas, career interests and other forms of expression via virtual communities and networks. Social media platforms such as Instagram, Facebook, Twitter, YouTube, TikTok and Snapchat are the most popular ap... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Popular_culture |
We often see that terms or slang is used online that is not used in face to face conversations, thus, adding to a persona users create through the screens of technology. For example, some individuals respond to situations with a hashtag or emojis.Social media influencers have become trendsetters through their direct en... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Popular_culture |
Consumer purchase choices have been impacted by fashion partnerships, sponsored material and outfit ideas offered by influencers. Social media has also made fashion more accessible by fostering uniqueness, expanding the depiction of trends, and facilitating the rise of niche influencers. The influencer-driven fashion i... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Popular_culture |
The fashion industry has witnessed tremendous and rapid and applaudable changes over the years, culminating in the production of masterpieces unimaginable in the past decades. This dynamic trend has compelled renowned cloth lines such as Christian Dior, Louis Vuitton, and Balenciaga to intensify research and creative i... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Popular_culture |
Further, the past few decades have seen the reintroduction of old designs, which have been revitalized and improvised to fit the current market needs. Additionally, celebrities and influencers are at the forefront of setting fashion trends through various platforms. The future of fashion is promising and is significant... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Popular_culture |
Control deprivation describes the act of not giving an individual their desires, wants and needs in a deliberate way to control that individual. This is often achieved through acts such as lack of affection, acts indifferent and detached, failure to respond, emotionally distant, deliberately with holding sex, shifts bl... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Control_by_deprivation |
Control is the ability to influence and direct behaviour or events, while deprive is to stop and prevent something from happening. Control deprivation is for an individual to use their power and influence to prevent an action that will give another individual joy, whether this action is emotional, physical or any other... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Control_by_deprivation |
Systematic control deprivation can lead to depressive disorders. A study highlighted how "Parental Affection-less control" was one of the factors that lead to depression later on in life. Using 125 patients that have been classified suffering from depressive symptoms under DSM-III, as well as suffering from one highly ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Control_by_deprivation |
These effects of Psychological abuse from an elder can lead to feelings of guilt, separation, fear and anxiety. Further the studies into Learned Helplessness reveal that in both animals and humans when submitted to unavoidable pain eventually became "normalised" to the pain, even when given the opportunity to avoid the... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Control_by_deprivation |
The direct lack of control that an individual experiences, can directly links and cause lowered self esteem, anxiety and a lack of motivation to change the situation that they are currently in. All of these symptoms are often characterised and found in people with depressive disorders. Control deprivation can make the ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Control_by_deprivation |
Research has demonstrated that individuals that have suffered from Control Deprivation are more likely to use negative social stereotypes and connotations when making judgements on individuals after having been deprived control. When subjects were asked to describe an individual the subject was more likely to use negat... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Control_by_deprivation |
This causes particular issues through racial stereotyping as well as social-class effects. Studies have highlighted how institutionalised stereotypes within social classes may be exaggerated through lack of control as well as further straining the relationships between social classes highlighting that the desire for co... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Control_by_deprivation |
Using ostracism to be able to control for control deprivation a study found that when people have the opportunity to be aggressive to the people that ostracised them they will be. The study allowed the subjects to give hot sauce to the people that ostracised them, these subjects gave 4 times the amount of hot-sauce the... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Control_by_deprivation |
Individuals will use aggression as a method to restore their personal sense of power. By allowing the subjects to give out hot sauce, the amount of hot sauce given out can be seen as acting out in an aggressive and frustrated manner, both with the intention to spite the individual that subjected them to a situation whe... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Control_by_deprivation |
When deprived of control an individual will process information in a more systematic manner. Through giving subjects unsolvable problems to create a control deprived situation, followed by needing to pair words from sentences after a waiting period. Subjects from the experimental group were able to better recognise pre... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Control_by_deprivation |
The discussion moves onto these implications in motivation tools and how to “get the most” out of someone. Through the use of paired sentences the study was able to show that the subject takes in the information when encoding the information during the time that they are control deprived, they are not forming the links... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Control_by_deprivation |
People more strongly linked to situations where they are able to feel stronger connected and influenced. These feelings are compounded when people are suffering from control deprivation. In line with the compensatory control theory, individuals will resort to a wide range of strategies to regain control. These strategi... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Control_by_deprivation |
Individuals will aim to complete different or unrelated tasks that the individual is able to gain control over. A study where subjects were asked to complete simple meaningless tasks of deciphering a stimuli within visual noise allowed the subjects to regain control through completing simple tasks that give a reliable ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Control_by_deprivation |
As a direct result individuals are more likely to purchase and consume products that link to their intrinsic need for control. The study, conducted by Charlene Y Chen, Leonard Lee and Andy J Yap focuses on how control deprivation can be used to entice the subjects to purchase products. Through the running of multiple e... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Control_by_deprivation |
Individuals with higher self control are less economically drawn to the purchase of these products. Individuals where they both feel to be in more significant and stronger control are less likely to consume goods without a sense of need. Showing that as the amount of personal self control depreciates the desire to cons... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Control_by_deprivation |
Different cultures in still different ways of thinking about issues, East Asian people through cultural factors and education favour thinking in holistic manners, while people raised in Western Countries are more likely to have an analytical style of thinking. In brief settings of control deprivation East Asian subject... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Control_by_deprivation |
John Mirowsky proposed that problem solving can significantly improve the feelings of control that an individual feels. This is backed up by the studies conducted by Bukowski, after submitting the subjects to unsolvable tasks followed by solvable tasks, these subjects were able to quickly restore their sense of control... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Control_by_deprivation |
All these factors show that an increase in activity that relates to problem solving and results in a "sense of achievement" help to overcome the feelings of control deprivation. However, in the same vain, research has shown that small experiences of lacking control can increase the motivation and increase the effort ex... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Control_by_deprivation |
Control deprivation has been used by the CIA, and described in the CIA interrogation manuals, under the detention section the manual says they can deprive the prisoner of sleep, wood, water as well as depriving individuals of sensory stimuli, can be effective in getting the information out of individuals. == References... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Control_by_deprivation |
The AI Song Contest 2020 was the inaugural edition of the AI Song Contest, organised by the Dutch public broadcaster VPRO, in collaboration with NPO 3FM and NPO Innovation. It was held on 12 May 2020 in the Netherlands and was presented by Lieven Scheire. Thirteen teams from eight countries participated in the contest.... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AI_Song_Contest_2020 |
Each participating team had to submit a "Eurovision-like" song of up to three minutes that had been composed using artificial intelligence (AI). Human input was allowed, but the more AI was used, the more points the entry would get from the jury. The entries were also evaluated by the public through online ratings. The... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AI_Song_Contest_2020 |
The live show was hosted by Belgian comedian Lieven Scheire. The points from the online voting were announced by Dutch television presenter Emma Wortelboer, who had been the Netherlands' spokesperson for the Eurovision Song Contest 2019. Dutch composer and AI researcher Vincent Koops revealed the points awarded by the ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AI_Song_Contest_2020 |
The jury consisted of three AI experts, who assessed each entry based on the use of artificial intelligence in the songwriting process: Vincent Koops (RTL Nederland) Anna Huang (Google Brain) Ed Newton-Rex (ByteDance) | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AI_Song_Contest_2020 |
The live show took place on 12 May 2020 at 20:30 CEST and was broadcast via a live stream on YouTube. As there were no pre-qualifying rounds, multiple teams from each country could enter the competition. The contest featured the following competing entries: | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AI_Song_Contest_2020 |
MusicBrainz is a MetaBrainz project that aims to create a collaborative music database that is similar to the freedb project. MusicBrainz was founded in response to the restrictions placed on the Compact Disc Database (CDDB), a database for software applications to look up audio CD information on the Internet. MusicBra... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MusicBrainz |
These entries are maintained by volunteer editors who follow community written style guidelines. Recorded works can also store information about the release date and country, the CD ID, cover art, acoustic fingerprint, free-form annotation text and other metadata. As of July 2023, MusicBrainz contains information on ro... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MusicBrainz |
MusicBrainz allows contributors to upload cover art images of releases to the database; these images are hosted by Cover Art Archive (CAA), a joint project between Internet Archive and MusicBrainz started in 2012. Internet Archive provides the bandwidth, storage and legal protection for hosting the images, while MusicB... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MusicBrainz |
Besides collecting metadata about music, MusicBrainz also allows looking up recordings by their acoustic fingerprint. A separate application, such as MusicBrainz Picard, must be used for this. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MusicBrainz |
In 2000, MusicBrainz started using Relatable's patented TRM (a recursive acronym for TRM Recognizes Music) for acoustic fingerprint matching. This feature attracted many users and allowed the database to grow quickly. However, by 2005 TRM was showing scalability issues as the number of tracks in the database had reache... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MusicBrainz |
TRMs were phased out and replaced by MusicDNS in November 2008. In October 2009 MusicIP was acquired by AmpliFIND. Sometime after the acquisition, the MusicDNS service began having intermittent problems. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MusicBrainz |
Since the future of the free identification service was uncertain, a replacement for it was sought. The Chromaprint acoustic fingerprinting algorithm, the basis for AcoustID identification service, was started in February 2010 by a long-time MusicBrainz contributor Lukáš Lalinský. While AcoustID and Chromaprint are not... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MusicBrainz |
Since 2003, MusicBrainz's core data (artists, recordings, releases, and so on) are in the public domain, and additional content, including moderation data (essentially every original content contributed by users and its elaborations), is placed under the Creative Commons CC-BY-NC-SA-2.0 license. The relational database... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MusicBrainz |
The MusicBrainz client software library, libmusicbrainz, is licensed under the GNU Lesser General Public License, which allows use of the code by proprietary software products. In December 2004, the MusicBrainz project was turned over to the MetaBrainz Foundation, a non-profit group, by its creator Robert Kaye. On 20 J... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MusicBrainz |
Amarok – KDE audio player Banshee – multi-platform audio player Beets – automatic CLI music tagger/organiser for Unix-like systems Clementine – multi-platform audio player CDex – Microsoft Windows CD ripper Demlo – a dynamic and extensible music manager using a CLI Exact Audio Copy – Microsoft Windows CD ripper iEatBra... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MusicBrainz |
The Cambridge English Corpus (CEC) (formerly the Cambridge International Corpus, CIC), is a multi-billion word corpus of English language (containing both text corpus and spoken corpus data). The Cambridge English Corpus contains data from a number of sources including written and spoken, British and American English. ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cambridge_English_Corpus |
The Cambridge English Corpus is used to inform Cambridge University Press English Language Teaching publications as well as for research in corpus linguistics. Access is currently restricted to authors and researchers working on projects and publications for Cambridge University Press, and researchers at Cambridge Engl... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cambridge_English_Corpus |
The Cambridge Learner Corpus (CLC) is a collection of exam scripts written by students learning English, built in collaboration with Cambridge English Language Assessment. The CLC contains scripts from over 180,000 students, from around 200 countries, speaking 138 different first languages and is growing all the time. ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cambridge_English_Corpus |
Language specialists identify and annotate errors in the exam scripts. This means that the Corpus can be used to find out about the frequency of different types of errors, the contexts that the errors are made in and the student groups that find particular language areas difficult.Authors of Cambridge English Language ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cambridge_English_Corpus |
This is central to the work of English Profile, a collaborative programme to enhance the learning, teaching and assessment of English worldwide. The founding partners are Cambridge University Press, Cambridge English Language Assessment, the University of Cambridge, the University of Bedfordshire, the British Council a... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cambridge_English_Corpus |
The Cambridge English Corpus contains a number of specialized corpora: | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cambridge_English_Corpus |
The Cambridge Business English Corpus is a large collection of British and American business language, including reports and documents, books relating to different aspects of business, and the business sections from many national newspapers. The Cambridge Business English Corpus also includes the Cambridge and Nottingh... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cambridge_English_Corpus |
The Cambridge Legal English Corpus contains books, journals and newspaper articles relating to the law and legal processes. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cambridge_English_Corpus |
The Cambridge Financial English Corpus contains texts relating to economics and finance, including leading financial magazines and newspapers. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cambridge_English_Corpus |
The Cambridge Academic English Corpus contains written and spoken academic language at undergraduate and post-graduate level from a range of US and UK institutions, including lectures, seminars, student presentations, journals, essays and text books. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cambridge_English_Corpus |
The Cambridge and Nottingham Corpus of Discourse in English (CANCODE) is a collection of spoken English recorded at hundreds of locations across the British Isles in a wide variety of situations (e.g. casual conversation, socialising, finding out information, and discussions). The CANCODE corpus is the result of a join... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cambridge_English_Corpus |
However, the data does have some limitations. Most people knew they were being recorded, and are chatting in informal situations such as while relaxing at home, with others of fairly equal social status. This means the interactions are generally consensual and collaborative, so the corpus has minimal evidence of confli... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cambridge_English_Corpus |
The Cambridge University Press/Cornell Corpus is a large collection of informal, highly interactive, multiparty conversations between family/friends in North America. The Cambridge-Cornell corpus is the result of a joint project between Cambridge University Press and Cornell University. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cambridge_English_Corpus |
The Cambridge Corpus of Spoken North American English (CAMSNAE) is a large collection of spoken American English. It includes recordings of people going about their everyday life – at work, at home with their families, going shopping, having meals, etc. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cambridge_English_Corpus |
#Discover Russia (Russian: #Узнай Россию) is a series of contests in the Russian Wikipedia organized by the Association of Honorary Citizens and the foundation Wikimedia RU since 2013. The project is supported by the Civic Chamber of the Russian Federation. As of March 2019, 276 people took part in the competitions: th... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Discover_Russia |
The social sharing of emotions is a phenomenon in the field of psychology that concerns the tendency to recount and share emotional experiences with others. According to this area of research, emotional experiences are not uniquely fleeting and internal. Scientific studies of catastrophes and important life events demo... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_sharing_of_emotions |
At the onset of these empirical studies, Rimé et al. coined the term “social sharing of emotions” in 1991 to name the observed phenomenon. This research was a significant development in social psychology because it questioned the accepted view of emotions—that emotions are short-lived and intrapersonal episodes—that wa... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_sharing_of_emotions |
In 1991, Rimé et al. noted that in contemporary scientific research, emotions were considered to be responses to preceding events that are then restrained by self-control and self-restoration. As such, emotions were generally regarded as ephemeral and intrapersonal experiences. Rimé also later pointed out that attachme... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_sharing_of_emotions |
In 1954 Leon Festinger, a well known social psychologist, presented his influential social comparison theory, which proposes that people seek to obtain accurate self-evaluations by comparing themselves to similar others. Furthermore, people turn to their social environment to search for clarification when faced with ob... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_sharing_of_emotions |
Festinger's other well-known theory of cognitive dissonance, proposed in 1957 offers further evidence for why such a process might occur. Because emotional experiences are unexpected, they can affect one's self-concept and thus challenge one's system of beliefs. According to Festinger, when people's expectations do not... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_sharing_of_emotions |
So after experiencing an emotion, people would be expected to communicate the event with others in order to help reduce their cognitive dissonance. An article by Thoits emphasizes the importance of the ability of others to assist in the process of coping. Other people are able to offer new perspectives on interpretatio... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_sharing_of_emotions |
In previous studies, · Rimé concluded that emotions necessitate “cognitive articulation” because of their dense, complex nature. By using language to express an experience, people are forced to classify and organize the contents of the emotions, and furthermore can concretize and objectivize the experience into a scrip... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_sharing_of_emotions |
The idea of the social sharing of emotion derived from studies about emotional trauma. These studies show that after natural disasters, catastrophes, or life-change events people have a tendency to talk about their experiences and disclose their feelings and emotions. For example, in a 1975 study exploring the psycholo... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_sharing_of_emotions |
Other studies produced similar findings for people who experienced natural disasters and for cancer patients. Rimé later proposed the term “social sharing of emotions” to describe this phenomenon. Research indicates that the strong emotional experiences that are present during and following trauma and crises can be inh... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_sharing_of_emotions |
Social sharing of emotions can be defined as an “interpersonal process” wherein, after an emotional event, “individuals will initiate interpersonal behaviours in which discussing this event and their reactions to it is central”. In other words, the social sharing of emotions is the process of reactivating the emotion a... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_sharing_of_emotions |
The first studies about social sharing of emotion explore individual aspects of the process. These studies aimed to answer questions concerning when it occurs, with whom, how long after the emotional event, if there are age, gender or cultural differences, how often it occurs for a given emotional event, etc. The first... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_sharing_of_emotions |
In all of these studies, 88–96% of emotional experiences were followed by social sharing of those experiences at least one time.However, such retrospective studies were subject to certain biases that may have affected the results. For example, the participants could have been influenced by a number of memory biases suc... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_sharing_of_emotions |
Every night, participants were asked to write down the most significant event of their day and then answer various questions related to the social sharing of that event. In one of these studies (study 2), 58% of emotional events were shared the same day that the event occurred. There were also further follow-up studies... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_sharing_of_emotions |
In these follow-up studies the experimenters contacted certain individuals after foreseeable emotional experiences, such as the birth of a child, giving blood, or taking an exam. This way, the experimenters chose not only the emotional event to be recalled, but furthermore the types of emotional events they would be st... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_sharing_of_emotions |
Furthermore, no significant difference was found in the frequency of social sharing between different types of emotional events. While these two methodologies did help to eliminate some of the possible biases of the original studies, they still operated under the assumption that there is a causal link between the emoti... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_sharing_of_emotions |
In these studies, two friends came together to the laboratory, and they were then split up. One of the subjects watched an excerpt of one of three films: either from a documentary about animals (weak emotion), a violent scene between animals (moderate emotion), or a scene depicting humans committing cruel acts towards ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_sharing_of_emotions |
Then, the two subjects were reunited and asked to wait a few minutes for the next part of the experiment. During this time, their conversations were recorded and analyzed for the presence of social sharing. All of these methods produced similar results; social sharing was found to occur for 88–96% of emotional events. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_sharing_of_emotions |
While there exist strong stereotypes that women express themselves and talk about their emotions with others more than men do, the results from the above studies indicate that on the contrary there are no sex differences concerning the amount of social sharing of emotion between men and women. However, although no such... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_sharing_of_emotions |
Changes in who people choose as the targets of social sharing are evident spanning the life cycle. The targets of social sharing in children 6–8 years old are typically attachment figures (i.e. parents) and not peers · . Research on preadolescents · . found that the targets are still predominantly attachment figures (m... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_sharing_of_emotions |
A large number of psychological studies recruit college students to participate for reasons of convenience, and the studies on the social sharing of emotion were no exception. For this reason, the question was raised of whether the level of education plays a role in these sharing behaviors. A 1998 study addressed this ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_sharing_of_emotions |
Similar to the problems of a restricted educational background, the subjects of the first studies on the social sharing of emotions were limited to Belgian and French populations. While later studies conducted in Netherlands, Italy, and Spain produced similar results to the first studies, the question of whether social... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_sharing_of_emotions |
Furthermore, several general qualitative differences were found between Western and Eastern populations. On average, Western subjects shared an emotional event more often (5–6 times) than Asian subjects (2–3 times). There was also a longer delay between the emotional event and the social sharing for Asian groups than f... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_sharing_of_emotions |
These differences could be explained by the collectivistic-individualistic culture continuum. In this case, these differences could reflect the extent of social networking typically seen in each culture. In an individualistic culture, this social networking is more diversified than in the collectivistic cultures, where... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_sharing_of_emotions |
The results of the above studies on the social sharing of emotion reveal that such behaviors are very common and are in fact the norm, transcending boundaries of gender, age, level of education, culture, etc. However, if social sharing occurs on average for 80–95% of emotional events, that leaves 5–20% that are not dis... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_sharing_of_emotions |
A study conducted in 2007 sought to determine why people believe they share emotional episodes. According to self reports by participants, there are several main reasons why people initiate social sharing behaviors (in no particular order): Rehearse—to remember or re-experience the event Vent—to express or alleviate pe... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_sharing_of_emotions |
A popular notion is that people might not share extremely intense emotional events because they are simply inexpressible. Along with this idea, psychologists initially hypothesized that the extreme nature of such experiences would play an important role in determining whether an emotional event is shared or not. Additi... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_sharing_of_emotions |
While the intensity of the emotion does not seem to influence whether an emotional event is shared or kept secret, the type of emotion involved does appear to play a role. Specifically, emotional experiences involving feelings of shame and guilt tend to be shared less frequently, less often, and with fewer people. Whil... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_sharing_of_emotions |
The social sharing of emotions is an important source of interpersonal interaction, social integration, and forming positive and durable relationships. In fact, many people engage in sharing behaviors in order to have such social interactions and strengthen their relationships (as described above). However, this might ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_sharing_of_emotions |
Such reasons, which together constituted the responses of over 75% of participants, all concern one thing: protection. According to Baumeister and Leary, this idea of protection pertains to protection from undesirable consequences in the realm of the social sphere, namely that the revelation of such secrets would be ha... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_sharing_of_emotions |
Whereas initial studies were focused on the behaviors of the person who shares their own emotions, later studies examined the impact of such interaction on the "recipient" of the social sharing (the person who listened to the recounting of the emotional event). Findings from these experiments led to the emergence of fu... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_sharing_of_emotions |
There is scientific evidence suggesting that exposure to the narration of an emotional experience has several effects on the target person: increased autonomic arousal among subjects listening to a distressed person, heightened anxiety among subjects who listened to other people disclosing intimate aspects of themselve... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_sharing_of_emotions |
From the above evidence it can be concluded that exposure to the social sharing of an emotion is itself an emotion-eliciting event, it would follow that the listener too would later share that experience with other people. Christophe et Rimé called this subsequent phenomenon secondary social sharing of emotions. In oth... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_sharing_of_emotions |
In the first study, subjects reported particularly strong sentiments of interest and of surprise as a result of hearing someone recount an emotional experience. In 66.4% of the cases, subjects shared the episode again to some third person. Furthermore, subjects who reported higher emotional intensity in response to hea... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_sharing_of_emotions |
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