text stringlengths 105 4.57k | label int64 0 1 | label_text stringclasses 2
values |
|---|---|---|
Many of the same people who created Rosetta@home worked on Foldit. The public beta version was released in May 2008 and has 240,000 registered players.
Since 2008, Foldit has participated in Critical Assessment of Techniques for Protein Structure Prediction (CASP) experiments, submitting its best solutions to targets b... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Glycopolymer is synthetic polymer with pendant carbohydrates. Glycopolymers play an important role in many biological recognition events such as cell–cell adhesion, development of new tissues and infectious behavior of virus and bacteria. They have high potential in targeted drug delivery, tissue engineering and synthe... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Many bumblebee species have been observed to use pheromones in the process of brood recognition. In the species Bombus vosnesenskii, brood recognition, and subsequently, brood clump incubation, has been shown to be pheromone induced. Queens will deposit chemical signals on a brood clump to help herself and her workers ... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
As heating a thick fluid decreases its viscosity, it reduces losses occurring in a pipe. Therefore, the net positive suction head (pressure difference) available can be raised, decreasing the likelihood of cavitation when pumping. However, care must be taken not to increase the vapour pressure of the fluid too much, a... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
After his PhD, he was a postdoctoral researcher with Hugh Felkin at the Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles at Gif-sur-Yvette, near Paris. He was a postdoctoral fellow (1973–1975) and then attaché de recherche (1975–1977). At the end of that time he was chargé de recherche. In 1977 Crabtree took an assistant p... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Endoreversible thermodynamics is a subset of irreversible thermodynamics aimed at making more realistic assumptions about heat transfer than are typically made in reversible thermodynamics. It gives an upper bound on the power that can be derived from a real process that is lower than that predicted by Carnot for a Car... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
*Pacey, A.J. & Fisher, S.J. (1967) "Daniel Bernoulli and the vis viva of compressed air", The British Journal for the History of Science 3 (4), pp. 388–392,
*British Transport Commission (1957) Handbook for Railway Steam Locomotive Enginemen, London : B.T.C., p. 81, (facsimile copy publ. Ian Allan (1977), ) | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Not all irreversible inhibitors form covalent adducts with their enzyme targets. Some reversible inhibitors bind so tightly to their target enzyme that they are essentially irreversible. These tight-binding inhibitors may show kinetics similar to covalent irreversible inhibitors. In these cases some of these inhibitors... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The alpha process generally occurs in large quantities only if the star is sufficiently massive, ( being the mass of the sun); these stars contract as they age, increasing core temperature and density to high enough levels to enable the alpha process. Requirements increase with atomic mass, especially in later stages -... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Geoffrey Norman Malcolm (23 April 1931 – 11 August 2019) was a New Zealand physical chemist. Appointed in 1969, he was the first chemistry professor at Massey University. | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
A thorough review of trace amine-associated receptors that discusses the historical evolution of this research particularly well is that of Grandy. | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The restoration of pharmacological activity after covalent irreversible inhibition requires re-synthesis of the protein target. This has important and potentially advantageous consequences for drug pharmacodynamics in which the level and frequency of dosing relates to the extent and duration of the resulting pharmacol... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Moulay Rachid Idrissi (; 1939 – October 18, 1971) was a Moroccan nuclear chemist and engineer. Idrissi gained notoriety after his work on the recovery of uranium from phosphates, where he discovered a significant amount of uranium in Moroccan phosphates. Shortly after this discovery, he died in a traffic accident near ... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Specifically, the diagram records the pressure of steam versus the volume of steam in a cylinder, throughout a piston's cycle of motion in a steam engine. The diagram enables calculation of the work performed and thus can provide a measure of the power produced by the engine.
To exactly calculate the work done by the ... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The first equation tells that is just function of , the function is defined as
Different authors defines the function differently, for example, Landau defines the function with a factor . But following Whitham, Rosenhead the momentum equation becomes
Now letting
the and momentum equations reduce to
and substituting... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Weighting of the contributing structures in terms of their contribution to the overall structure can be calculated in multiple ways, using "Ab initio" methods derived from Valence Bond theory, or else from the Natural Bond Orbitals (NBO) approaches of Weinhold [http://www.chem.wisc.edu/~nbo5 NBO5] , or finally from emp... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
There are several patterns that can be used for learning the nomenclature of polyatomic anions. First, when the prefix bi is added to a name, a hydrogen is added to the ions formula and its charge is increased by 1, the latter being a consequence of the hydrogen ions +1 charge. An alternative to the bi- prefix is to us... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
* bis(allyl)nickel
* bis(allyl)palladium
* bis(allyl)platinum
*tris(allyl)chromium
* tris(allyl)rhodium
* tris(allyl)iridium | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The journal is abstracted and indexed in:
According to the Journal Citation Reports, the journal has a 2022 impact factor of 6.8. | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Chromic phenomena are those phenomena in which color is produced when light interacts with materials, often called chromic materials in a variety of ways. These can be categorized under the following five headings:
*Stimulated (reversible) color change
*The absorption and reflection of light
*The absorption of energy ... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Three main processes (or pumps) that make up the marine carbon cycle bring atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO) into the ocean interior and distribute it through the oceans. These three pumps are: (1) the solubility pump, (2) the carbonate pump, and (3) the biological pump. The total active pool of carbon at the Earth's s... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Dr. Karl Lark-Horovitz, professor of physics at Purdue, had a keen interest in the development of the cyclotron and the application of physical techniques to solve biological problems, and sought to develop methods that utilized radioactive tracers produced from the cyclotron. With the assistance of Leng and Donald Ten... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The GADV-protein world hypothesis was first proposed by Kenji Ikehara at Nara Women's University. It is supported by GNC-SNS primitive gene code hypothesis (GNC hypothesis) also formulated by him. In the GNC hypothesis, the origin of the present standard genetic code is considered to be the GNC genetic code that includ... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Cyp33 in mammals causes isomerization in MLL1. MLL1 is a multiprotein complex that regulates gene expression and chromosomal translocations involving this gene often lead to leukemia. MLL's target genes include HOXC8, HOXA9, CDKN1B, and C-MYC. MLL also has two binding domains: a Cyp33 RNA-recognition motif domain (RRM)... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The diagnosis is generally based on symptoms and supported by a lithium level blood level. Blood levels are most useful six to twelve hours after the last dose. The normal blood serum lithium level in those on treatment is between 0.6-1.2 mEq/L. Some blood tubes contain lithium heparin which may result in falsely posit... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
GPCRs are integral membrane proteins that possess seven membrane-spanning domains or transmembrane helices. The extracellular parts of the receptor can be glycosylated. These extracellular loops also contain two highly conserved cysteine residues that form disulfide bonds to stabilize the receptor structure. Some seven... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
In 1994 he was elected Fellow of the Royal Society of Edinburgh (FRSE) and Fellow of the Royal Society of Chemistry (FRSC), and in 2016 he was elected Member of Academia Europaea (MAE). He is currently a Member of Council of the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC). He has held a Leverhulme Trust ... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Flash photolysis is an alternative to pulse radiolysis that uses high-power light pulses (e.g. from an excimer laser) rather than beams of electrons to initiate chemical reactions. Typically ultraviolet light is used which requires less radiation shielding than required for the X-rays emitted in pulse radiolysis. | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
In the early 1950s two groundbreaking series of papers were written independently on the relationship between grain boundaries and strength.
In 1951, while at the University of Sheffield, E. O. Hall wrote three papers which appeared in volume 64 of the Proceedings of the Physical Society. In his third paper, Hall showe... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
In atmospheric science, geostrophic flow () is the theoretical wind that would result from an exact balance between the Coriolis force and the pressure gradient force. This condition is called geostrophic equilibrium or geostrophic balance (also known as geostrophy). The geostrophic wind is directed parallel to isobar... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Hess's Law states that the sum of the energy changes of all thermochemical equations included in an overall reaction is equal to the overall energy change. Since ΔH is a state function and is not dependent on how reactants become products as a result, steps (in the form of several thermochemical equations) can be used ... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The structure of triethyloxonium tetrafluoroborate has not been characterized by X-ray crystallography, but the structure of triethyloxonium hexafluorophosphate has been examined. The measurements confirm that the cation is pyramidal with C-O-C angles in the range 109.4°–115.5°. The average C–O distance is 1.49 Å. | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The deposits consist of a multitude of pancake-like splats called lamellae, formed by flattening of the liquid droplets. As the feedstock powders typically have sizes from micrometers to above 100 micrometers, the lamellae have thickness in the micrometer range and lateral dimension from several to hundreds of micromet... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
ASC works with its customer's to solve problems involving the flow of fluids (gases or liquids) in or around a wide variety of equipment or goods. Some problems include simply the flow itself. These include such things as reducing pressure drop, eliminating flow induced vibrations, or ensuring uniform flow through an... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Many smartphones contain miniaturized microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) magnetometers which are used to detect magnetic field strength and are used as compasses. The iPhone 3GS has a magnetometer, a magnetoresistive permalloy sensor, the AN-203 produced by Honeywell. In 2009, the price of three-axis magnetometers d... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The Caspian Summit is a head of state-level meeting of the five littoral states. The fifth Caspian Summit took place on August 12, 2018, in the Kazakh port city of Aktau. The five leaders signed the Convention on the Legal Status of the Caspian Sea.
Representatives of the Caspian littoral states held a meeting in the c... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
*Bibliotheca Philosophica Hermetica
*European Society for the Study of Western Esotericism
*Freemasonry
*Rosicrucianism | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
To annotate the vast amounts of available NGS data, currently a large number of SNPs annotation tools are available. Some of them are specific to specific SNPs while others are more general. Some of the available SNPs annotation tools are as follows SNPeff, Ensembl Variant Effect Predictor (VEP), ANNOVAR, FATHMM, PhD-S... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Redox mediators are often added to experimental systems to improve the rate of electron export from the biological material and/or electron transfer to the anode, especially when whole cells are employed as the light harvesting material. Quinones, phenazines, and viologens have all been successfully employed to increa... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
During the initial phases of glycolysis and the TCA cycle, cofactors such as NAD+ donate and accept electrons that aid in the electron transport chain's ability to produce a proton gradient across the inner mitochondrial membrane. The ATP synthase complex exists within the mitochondrial membrane (F portion) and protrud... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
At and below, pure tin transforms from the silvery, ductile metallic allotrope of β-form white tin to the brittle, nonmetallic, α-form grey tin with a diamond cubic structure. The transformation is slow to initiate due to a high activation energy but the presence of germanium (or crystal structures of similar form a... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
They are also utilized in military electronics such as active electronically scanned array radars.
Thales Group introduced the Ground Master 400 radar in 2010 utilizing GaN technology. In 2021 Thales put in operation more than 50,000 GaN Transmitters on radar systems.
The U.S. Army funded Lockheed Martin to incorporate... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Algae can be used to produce green diesel (also known as renewable diesel, hydrotreating vegetable oil or hydrogen-derived renewable diesel) through a hydrotreating refinery process that breaks molecules down into shorter hydrocarbon chains used in diesel engines. It has the same chemical properties as petroleum-based ... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Fumarylacetoacetic acid (fumarylacetoacetate) is an intermediate in the metabolism of tyrosine. It is formed through the conversion of maleylacetoacetate into fumarylacetoacetate by the enzyme maleylacetoacetate isomerase. | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
In a nanorecording application, a certain rotaxane is deposited as a Langmuir–Blodgett film on ITO-coated glass. When a positive voltage is applied with the tip of a scanning tunneling microscope probe, the rotaxane rings in the tip area switch to a different part of the dumbbell and the resulting new conformation make... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Krypton-85, with a half-life 10.76 years, is formed by the fission process with
a fission yield of about 0.3%. Only 20% of the fission products of mass 85 become Kr itself; the rest passes through a short-lived nuclear isomer and then to stable Rb. If irradiated reactor fuel is reprocessed, this radioactive krypton may... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The cyanohydrins are a special class of nitriles. Classically they result from the addition of alkali metal cyanides to aldehydes in the cyanohydrin reaction. Because of the polarity of the organic carbonyl, this reaction requires no catalyst, unlike the hydrocyanation of alkenes. O-Silyl cyanohydrins are generated by... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Cavitation can occur in the xylem of vascular plants. The sap vaporizes locally so that either the vessel elements or tracheids are filled with water vapor. Plants are able to repair cavitated xylem in a number of ways. For plants less than 50 cm tall, root pressure can be sufficient to redissolve the vapor. Larger pla... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
In melt spinning, the alloy or metal is first melted in a crucible. Then, an inert gas, usually argon, is used to jet the molten material out of a nozzle located on the underside of the crucible. The resulting stream of liquid is directed onto the outer circumferential surface of a rotating wheel or drum which is coole... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Although Golden Gate Cloning speeds up multisegment cloning, careful design of donor and recipient plasmids is required. Scientists at New England Biolabs have successfully demonstrated the assembly of 35 fragments via a single-tube Golden Gate Assembly reaction. Critical to this method of assembly, the vector backbone... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
A conservative replacement (also called a conservative mutation or a conservative substitution) is an amino acid replacement in a protein that changes a given amino acid to a different amino acid with similar biochemical properties (e.g. charge, hydrophobicity and size).
Conversely, a radical replacement, or radical su... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Compound 48/80 is a polymer produced by the condensation of N-methyl-p-methoxyphenethylamine with formaldehyde. It promotes histamine release, and in biochemical research, compound 48/80 is used to promote mast cell degranulation. | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
First, Vlasov argues that the standard kinetic approach based on the Boltzmann equation has difficulties when applied to a description of the plasma with long-range Coulomb interaction. He mentions the following problems arising when applying the kinetic theory based on pair collisions to plasma dynamics:
# Theory of p... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The law was named after scientist Jacques Charles, who formulated the original law in his unpublished work from the 1780s.
In two of a series of four essays presented between 2 and 30 October 1801, John Dalton demonstrated by experiment that all the gases and vapours that he studied expanded by the same amount between ... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Positive-sense (5′-to-3′) viral RNA signifies that a particular viral RNA sequence may be directly translated into viral proteins (e.g., those needed for viral replication). Therefore, in positive-sense RNA viruses, the viral RNA genome can be considered viral mRNA, and can be immediately translated by the host cell. U... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
While many in vitro and in vivo studies have been tested in animal models, the translation from animal models to humans has not begun. Factors such as the size of surgical cut sites, duration of the procedure, and available resources and cost must all be considered. Synthetic nanomaterials have the potential to advance... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Unlike viruses, bacteria are not as susceptible to silencing by siRNA. This is largely due to how bacteria replicate. Bacteria replicate outside of the host cell and do not contain the necessary machinery for RNAi to function. However, bacterial infections can still be suppressed by siRNA by targeting the host genes th... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The enzymes are encoded and used by viruses that use reverse transcription as a step in the process of replication. Reverse-transcribing RNA viruses, such as retroviruses, use the enzyme to reverse-transcribe their RNA genomes into DNA, which is then integrated into the host genome and replicated along with it. Reverse... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
In chemistry, a chemical test is a qualitative or quantitative procedure designed to identify, quantify, or characterise a chemical compound or chemical group. | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Proposed disposal routes of waste sorbent include:
* Landfill;
* Disposal at sea;
* Use in cement manufacture;
* Use in flue gas desulfurisation (FGD).
The lifecycle CO emissions for power generation with CaL and the first three disposal techniques have been calculated. Before disposal of the CaO coal power with CaL ha... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
A large number of researchers have dedicated and are dedicating their efforts to the study of the Warburg effect that is intimately associated with the Warburg hypothesis. In oncology, the Warburg effect is the observation that most cancer cells predominantly produce energy by a high rate of glycolysis followed by lact... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Exposure assessment is the process of estimating or measuring the magnitude, frequency and duration of exposure to an agent, along
with the number and characteristics of the population exposed. Ideally, it describes the sources, pathways, routes, and the uncertainties in the assessment. It is a necessary part of risk a... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Converting is a type of metallurgical smelting that includes several processes; the most commercially important form is the treatment of molten metal sulfides to produce crude metal and slag, as in the case of copper and nickel converting. A now-uncommon form is batch treatment of pig iron to produce steel by the Bess... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Photodegradation involves the transformation of CDOM into smaller and less colored molecules (e.g., organic acids), or into inorganic carbon (CO, CO), and nutrient salts (NH, HPO). Therefore, it generally means that photodegradation transforms recalcitrant into labile DOC molecules that can be rapidly used by prokaryot... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The first attempts at general anesthesia were probably herbal remedies administered in prehistory. Alcohol is the oldest known sedative; it was used in ancient Mesopotamia thousands of years ago. | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
When superheating a substance, nucleate pool boiling and convective flow boiling occur when the temperature of the surface used to heat a liquid is higher than the liquid's boiling point by the wall superheat. | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Asymmetric hydrogenations are used in the production of several drugs, such as the antibacterial levofloxin, the antibiotic carbapenem, and the antipsychotic agent BMS181100.
Knowles' research into asymmetric hydrogenation and its application to the production scale synthesis of L-Dopa gave asymmetric hydrogenation a s... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Oxoalkoxometalates are clusters that contain both oxide and alkoxide ligands. Typically they lack terminal oxo ligands. Examples include the dodecatitanate TiO(OPri) (where OPri stands for an alkoxy group), the iron oxoalkoxometalates and iron and copper Keggin ions. | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Volatilization is the primary removal mechanism on most ERH sites. However, ERH can also be used to enhance other processes, some naturally occurring, to reduce the cost for treatment of a plume. ERH can be used to provide controlled low temperature heating for projects with remediation processes that do not involve st... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Tho-Radia was a French pharmaceutical company making cosmetics between 1932 and 1968. Tho-Radia-branded creams, toothpastes and soaps were notable for containing radium and thorium until 1937, as a scheme to exploit popular interest for radium after it was discovered by Pierre and Marie Curie, in a fad of radioactive q... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The Uptake of Hexose Phosphates (Uhp) is a protein system found in bacteria. It is a type of two-component sensory transduction pathway which helps bacteria react to their environment. | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The joint-stock company was founded on 20 November 1913 with a share capital of 4 million francs for a period of 50 years. The initial capital was increased to 2.5 mio francs in 1919, to 4.25 mio francs in April 1923 and to 5 mio francs in May 1929.
Messrs M. Siegfried, A. Cailler, J. Lindenmeyer, G. Bonnet, P. Bourcar... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
A buildings HVAC (heating, ventilating, and air conditioning) system can make use of an air-side economizer to save energy in buildings by using cool outside air as a means of cooling the indoor space. When the temperature of the outside air is less than the temperature of the recirculated air, conditioning with the ou... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
* A miniature binary weapon is used in an assassination in the Frederick Forsyth novel The Devils Alternative'. It consists of two half-capsules, a non-resistant one containing potassium cyanide and an acid-resistant one containing hydrochloric acid. The substances mix after the halves are assembled and the seal betwee... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Copepods jump out of the water - porpoising. The biophysics of this motion has been described by Waggett and Buskey 2007 and Kim et al 2015. | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The Mystery of Matter: Search for the Elements is a 2014 American documentary miniseries, which premiered nationwide on August 19, 2015. The PBS documentary, in three-episodes of one hour each, was directed by Stephen Lyons and Muffie Meyer.
The series, which took ten years to make, describes the search for the basic c... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Light sources emitting in the UV spectral region are widely used in techniques involving photo-chemical processes, e.g., curing of inks, adhesives, varnishes and coatings, photolithography, UV induced growth of dielectrics, UV induced surface modification, and cleaning or material deposition. Incoherent sources of UV r... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The diagram was created in 1904, when Richard Mollier plotted the total heat against entropy .
At the 1923 Thermodynamics Conference held in Los Angeles it was decided to name, in his honor, as a "Mollier diagram" any thermodynamic diagram using the enthalpy as one of its axes. | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
There are six steps in the mechanism of TFIIB action in the formation of the PIC and transcription initiation:
#RNA polymerase II is recruited to DNA through the TFIIB B core and B ribbon.
#RNA polymerase II unwinds DNA, aided by the TFIIB B linker and B reader (open complex formation).
#RNA polymerase II selects a tr... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The thiol-yne reaction (also known as alkyne hydrothiolation) is an organic reaction between a thiol and an alkyne. The reaction product is an alkenyl sulfide. The reaction was first reported in 1949 with thioacetic acid as reagent and rediscovered in 2009. It is used in click chemistry and in polymerization, especia... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Open-chain monosaccharides with same molecular graph may exist as two or more stereoisomers. The Fischer projection is a systematic way of drawing the skeletal formula of an open-chain monosaccharide so that each stereoisomer is uniquely identified.
Two isomers whose molecules are mirror-images of each other are identi... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
* by pets, assistance animals, or working animals: animal-assisted therapy
** by horses: equine therapy, hippotherapy
** by dogs: pet therapy with therapy dogs, including grief therapy dogs
** by cats: pet therapy with therapy cats
* by fish: ichthyotherapy (wading with fish), aquarium therapy (watching fish)
* by magg... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
NMR quantum computing uses the spin states of nuclei within molecules as qubits. NMR differs from other implementations of quantum computers in that it uses an ensemble of systems; in this case, molecules. | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The wide-ranged biological purposes of bio-luminescence include but are not limited to attraction of mates, defense against predators, and warning signals. In the case of bioluminescent bacteria, bio-luminescence mainly serves as a form of dispersal. It has been hypothesized that enteric bacteria (bacteria that survive... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The only type of Mach reflection possible in steady flow is direct-Mach reflection, in which the Mach stem is convex away from the oncoming flow, and the slip plane slopes towards the reflecting surface.
By new results there is a new configuration of shock waves - configuration with a negative angle of reflection in s... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
* Member then Chairman of the Inorganic Chemistry Nomenclature Commission of the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC)
* Member of the IUPAC Bureau, then President (1989-1991)
* Correspondent of the French Academy of sciences (1980) (member of the Sealed Folds Commission, the Philosophy and Hi... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
MCT2 transporters within the peroxisome function to transport pyruvate into the peroxisome where it is reduced by peroxisomal LDH (pLDH) to lactate. In turn, NADH is converted to NAD+, regenerating this necessary component for subsequent β-oxidation. Lactate is then shuttled out of the peroxisome via MCT2, where it is... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
In its earliest form, liquid chromatography was used to separate the pigments of chlorophyll by a Russian botanist. Decades later, other chemists used the procedure for the study of carotins. Liquid chromatography was then used for the isolation of small molecules and organic compounds like amino acids, and most recent... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Baffle rings are rigid rings placed within the inside of a tank to retard the flow of liquid between sections. The location and orifice size of the rings yield varying performance for a given application. | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
This machine uses a motor-driven plate to hold a precisely flat disk (known as a "lap") for the purpose of cutting or polishing. Diamond abrasives bonded to metal or resin are typically used for cutting laps, and a wide variety of materials are used for polishing laps in conjunction with either very fine diamond powde... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Metal ions are essential to virtually all biological systems and hence studying their concentrations with effective probes is highly advantageous. Since metal ions are key to the causes of cancer, diabetes, and other diseases, monitoring them with probes that can provide insight into their concentrations with spatial a... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
A pyroelectric can be repeatedly heated and cooled (analogously to a heat engine) to generate usable electrical power. An example of a heat engine is the movement of the pistons in an internal combustion engine like that found in a gasoline powered automobile.
One group calculated that a pyroelectric in an Ericsson cy... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
YouTube science entertainer Mark Rober has created a variation of the experiment, named "Devils Toothpaste", which has a far more pronounced reaction than the version usually performed in classroom settings. The ingredients to create the devils toothpaste reaction are the same as the regular elephant's toothpaste react... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Flowers play an important decorative role in China. Legend has it that once on the 7th day of the 1st lunar month, while Princess Shouyang, daughter of Emperor Wu of Liu Song, was resting under the eaves of Hanzhang Palace near the plum trees after wandering in the gardens, a plum blossom drifted down onto her fair fac... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Zero Liquid Discharge (ZLD) is a classification of water treatment processes intended to reduce wastewater efficiently and produce clean water that is suitable for reuse (e.g., irrigation). ZLD systems employ wastewater treatment technologies and desalination to purify and recycle virtually all wastewater received.
ZLD... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Magnetic flowmeters, often called "mag meter"s or "electromag"s, use a magnetic field applied to the metering tube, which results in a potential difference proportional to the flow velocity perpendicular to the flux lines. The potential difference is sensed by electrodes aligned perpendicular to the flow and the applie... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
A gerontoplast is a plastid that develops from a chloroplast during the senescing of plant foliage. Gerontoplast development is generally seen to be the process of grana being unstacked, loss of thylakoid membranes, and large accumulation of plastoglobuli. | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Over the past few decades, AMMs have diversified rapidly and their design principles, properties, and characterization methods have been outlined more clearly. A major starting point for the design of AMMs is to exploit the existing modes of motion in molecules. For instance, single bonds can be visualized as axes of r... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The valence electrons of this compound match those of nitric oxide. Sulfur mononitride can be described as some average of a set of resonance structures. The singly bonded structure (first resonance structure shown) has little contribution. The formal bond order is considered to be 2.5. | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
In order to qualify for SQT assessment chemistry, toxicity, and in situ measurements must be collected synoptically using standardized methods of sediment quality. A control sample is necessary to evaluate impact of contaminated sites. An appropriate reference is a whole sediment sample (particles and associated pore w... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.