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The high intensity of the Jameson Cell means that it is much shorter than conventional column flotation cells (see Figure 1), and it does not require air compressors to aerate the suspension of ground ore particles and water (known as a slurry or pulp) in the flotation cell. The lack of a requirement for compressed air... | 0 | Metallurgy |
The variable region rearrangements happen in an orderly sequence in the bone marrow. Usually, the assortment of these gene segments occurs at B cell maturation. | 1 | Gene expression + Signal Transduction |
The echinoderm and flatworm mitochondrial code (translation table 9) is a genetic code used by the mitochondria of certain echinoderm and flatworm species. | 1 | Gene expression + Signal Transduction |
In pyrotechnics, it is used as fuel to make special mixtures, e.g. for production of smokes, in flash compositions, and in percussion caps. Specification for pyrotechnic calcium silicide is MIL-C-324C. In some mixtures it may be substituted with ferrosilicon. Silicon-based fuels are used in some time delay mixtures, e.... | 0 | Metallurgy |
The Pattinson process was patented by its inventor, Hugh Lee Pattinson, in 1833 who described it as "An improved method for separating silver from lead". It exploited the fact that in molten lead containing traces of silver the first metal to solidify out of the melt is lead, leaving the remaining liquid richer in silv... | 0 | Metallurgy |
Several reuptake inhibitors of VMATs are known to exist, including reserpine (RES), tetrabenazine (TBZ), dihydrotetrabenazine (DTBZOH), and ketanserin (KET). It is thought that RES exhibits competitive inhibition, binding to the same site as the monoamine substrate, as studies have shown that it can be displaced via ... | 1 | Gene expression + Signal Transduction |
Hyperactive mTOR pathways have been identified in certain lymphoproliferative diseases such as autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome (ALPS), multicentric Castleman disease, and post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder (PTLD). | 1 | Gene expression + Signal Transduction |
The Journal of Mining and Metallurgy, Section B: Metallurgy is a biannual peer-reviewed scientific journal that covers mining and metallurgy. The editor-in-chief is Dragana Živković (University of Belgrade). Publishing formats include original research articles, review articles, short notices, letters, and book reviews... | 0 | Metallurgy |
Heap leaching dates back to the second century BC in China, where iron was combined with copper sulfate. By the time of the Northern Song Dynasty, a copper alloy was able to be recovered by leaching.
Leaching can also be traced back to alchemy. Early examples of leaching performed by alchemists resembled mixing iron wi... | 0 | Metallurgy |
The United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) web site has a very complete searchable table of calcium content (in milligrams) in foods, per common measures such as per 100 grams or per a normal serving. | 1 | Gene expression + Signal Transduction |
RNA Polymerase II exists in two forms unphosphorylated and phosphorylated, IIA and IIO respectively. The transition between the two forms facilitates different functions for transcription. The phosphorylation of CTD is catalyzed by one of the six general transcription factors, TFIIH. TFIIH serves two purposes: one is t... | 1 | Gene expression + Signal Transduction |
In 1993 Philex Mining Corporation, a Philippines mining company, replaced the mechanical cleaner circuit with Cells at its Benguet copper concentrator. Following their successful operation, Philex replaced the mechanical cells in its cleaner-scavenger circuit in 1994 and began the phased introduction of Cell rougher an... | 0 | Metallurgy |
Sintering is part of the firing process used in the manufacture of pottery and other ceramic objects. Sintering and vitrification (which requires higher temperatures) are the two main mechanisms behind the strength and stability of ceramics. Sintered ceramic objects are made from substances such as glass, alumina, zirc... | 0 | Metallurgy |
The pack mill process begins with a tin bar, which is a drawn flat bar that was usually purchased from an ironworks or steel works. The tin bar could be wrought iron or mild steel. The cross-section of the bar needed to be accurate in size as this dictates the length and thickness of the final plates. The bar was cut t... | 0 | Metallurgy |
Splicing of all intron-containing RNA molecules is superficially similar, as described above. However, different types of introns were identified through the examination of intron structure by DNA sequence analysis, together with genetic and biochemical analysis of RNA splicing reactions. At least four distinct classes... | 1 | Gene expression + Signal Transduction |
By the early 1950s it was known from metabolic labeling studies using radioactive phosphate that phosphate groups attached to phosphoproteins inside cells can sometimes undergo rapid exchange of new phosphate for old. In order to perform experiments that would allow isolation and characterization of the enzymes involve... | 1 | Gene expression + Signal Transduction |
Corrosion may occur where stale sewage generates hydrogen sulfide gas into an atmosphere containing oxygen gas and high relative humidity. There must be an underlying anaerobic aquatic habitat containing sulfates and an overlying aerobic aquatic habitat separated by a gas phase containing both oxygen and hydrogen sulf... | 0 | Metallurgy |
The basic term is often prefixed to define the actual purpose of the ladle. The basic ladle design can therefore include many variations that improve the usage of the ladle for specific tasks. For example:
* Casting ladle: a ladle used to pour molten metal into moulds to produce the casting.
* Transfer ladle: a ladle u... | 0 | Metallurgy |
These luxurious products were most often sold in important jewellery stores. Sometimes the retailer's paper labels survived the cleaning attempts of the last decades, and these labels are always a keen addition for any collector. They confirm that silver overlay porcelain and glass was sold all over Germany.
Friedrich ... | 0 | Metallurgy |
From 2001 to 2007, nickel prices rose from an average of US$5945 to US$37,216. Nickel is a key constituent of 316L stainless steel. This, combined with increases in some of the other constituents of the 316L alloy, prompted Xstrata Technology (by then the marketing organisation for the Isa Process technology) to seek a... | 0 | Metallurgy |
Within set concrete there remains some free "calcium hydroxide" (Ca(OH)), which can further dissociate to form Ca and hydroxide (OH) ions". Any water which finds a seepage path through micro cracks and air voids present in concrete, will readily carry the (Ca(OH)) and Ca (depending on solution pH and chemical reaction ... | 0 | Metallurgy |
GCN2 (encoded in humans by the gene EIF2AK4) is activated as a result of amino acid deprivation. The mechanisms regarding this activation are still being researched; however, one mechanism has been studied in yeast. It was observed that GCN2 binds to uncharged/deacylated tRNA which causes a conformational change, resul... | 1 | Gene expression + Signal Transduction |
There was a quarterly report on each research topic presented to the individual research committee and an annual one circulated also to members on request. Final results were compiled as a report that was immediately available to members. After about two years the commercial confidentiality was dropped and a paper was... | 0 | Metallurgy |
In a normal bearing the surfaces are separated by a layer of oil, this is known as elastohydrodynamic (EHD) lubrication. If the thickness of the EHD film is of the same order of magnitude as the surface roughness, the surface topography is able to interact and cause micro pitting. A thin EHD film may be caused by exces... | 0 | Metallurgy |
Copper-clad steel (CCS), also known as copper-covered steel or the trademarked name Copperweld is a bi-metallic product, mainly used in the wire industry that combines the high mechanical strength of steel with the conductivity and corrosion resistance of copper.
It is mainly used for grounding purposes, line tracing t... | 0 | Metallurgy |
CpG DNA methylation has showed a role to regulate the alternative splicing in social insects. In honey bees (Apis mellifera), CpG DNA methylation seems to regulate the exon skipping based on the first few genomic studies after honey bee genome was available. CpG DNA methylation regulated alternative splicing more exten... | 1 | Gene expression + Signal Transduction |
Junk DNA is DNA that has no biologically relevant function such as pseudogenes and fragments of once active transposons. Bacteria and viral genomes have very little junk DNA but some eukaryotic genomes may have a substantial amount of junk DNA. The exact amount of nonfunctional DNA in humans and other species with larg... | 1 | Gene expression + Signal Transduction |
An unnatural base pair (UBP) is a designed subunit (or nucleobase) of DNA that is created in a laboratory and does not occur in nature. In 2012, a group of American scientists led by Floyd Romesberg, a chemical biologist at the Scripps Research Institute in San Diego, California, published that his team had designed tw... | 1 | Gene expression + Signal Transduction |
Copper is almost non-existent for most of the interior of East Africa, with a few exceptions particularly Kilwa and medieval sites in Nubia and Fostat, and there is not enough information yet to reconstruct copper on the Swahili Coast. | 0 | Metallurgy |
In natural gas cyclic processes, a unit produces hot reducing gas, which is injected into the reactor. To ensure continuous operation of the unit converting natural gas into reducing gas, several tanks are operated in parallel and with a time lag.
The best-known of this type is HYL I and its improved variant, HYL II. T... | 0 | Metallurgy |
The advent of sequencing has permitted scientists to elucidate a huge landscape of new miRNAs, to increase our knowledge of the biogenesis involved and to discover putative post-transcriptional editing processes in miRNAs ignored until now. These processes mostly generate variations of the current miRNAs that are annot... | 1 | Gene expression + Signal Transduction |
During the 1970s the BNF became the BNF Metals Technology Centre and moved out of London to Grove Laboratories, Denchworth Road, Wantage, Oxfordshire. Recognising globalisation, membership was then opened to companies based overseas. In 1990 the BNF bought Fulmer Research Laboratories from the Institute of Physics an... | 0 | Metallurgy |
There are two methods of smelting zinc: the pyrometallurgical process and the electrolysis process. Both methods are still used. Both of these processes share the same first step: roasting. | 0 | Metallurgy |
Depending on the field of literature being surveyed, one might encounter the same compound referred to with different chemical formulas. An example of the most common difference is XYZ versus XYZ, where the labels of the two transition metals X and Y in the compound are swapped. The traditional convention XYZ arises f... | 0 | Metallurgy |
*H. Schubert, History of British Iron and Steel Industry c.450 BC to AD 1775 (1957), 272–291.
*A. den Ouden, "The Production of Wrought Iron in Finery Hearths", Historical Metallurgy 15(2) (1981), 63–87 and 16(1) (1982), 29–33.
*K-G. Hildebrand, Swedish Iron in the Seventeenth and Eighteenth Centuries: Export Industr... | 0 | Metallurgy |
Retinaldehyde is a retinol (vitamin A) derivative responsible for vision. It binds rhodopsin, a well-characterized GPCR that binds all-cis retinal in its inactive state. Upon photoisomerization by a photon the cis-retinal is converted to trans-retinal causing activation of rhodopsin which ultimately leads to depolari... | 1 | Gene expression + Signal Transduction |
Dynamic recrystallization is the process of removing the internal strain that remains in grains during deformation. This happens by the reorganization of a material with a change in grain size, shape, and orientation within the same mineral. When recrystallization occurs after deformation has come to an end and particu... | 0 | Metallurgy |
CKLF like MARVEL transmembrane domain-containing 7 (i.e. CMTM7), previously termed chemokine-like factor superfamily 7 (i.e. CKLFSF7), is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CMTM7 gene. This gene, which is located in band 22 on the short (i.e. "p") arm of chromosome 3, and the protein that it encodes belong to t... | 1 | Gene expression + Signal Transduction |
* Computational analysis tools such as t-test, hierarchical clustering, self-organizing maps, regulatory network reconstruction, BLAST searches, pattern-motif discovery, protein structure prediction, structure-based protein annotation, etc.
* Visualization of gene expression (heatmaps, volcano plot), molecular intera... | 1 | Gene expression + Signal Transduction |
RNA splicing is a process in molecular biology where a newly-made precursor messenger RNA (pre-mRNA) transcript is transformed into a mature messenger RNA (mRNA). It works by removing all the introns (non-coding regions of RNA) and splicing back together exons (coding regions). For nuclear-encoded genes, splicing occur... | 1 | Gene expression + Signal Transduction |
The valley or wadi of Nahal Mishmar begins in the Hebron hills, running east towards the Dead Sea. Its western part is shallow, at an altitude of approximately 270 m above sea level, and it proceeds to fall more than 300 meters into the Jordan Rift Valley before emptying into the Dead Sea, over . Nahal Mishmar runs nor... | 0 | Metallurgy |
Titanium and titanium alloys have been wide usage in aerospace, medical, and maritime applications. The most known titanium alloy that adopts solid solution strengthening is Ti-6Al-4V. Also, the addition of oxygen to pure Ti alloy adopts a solid solution strengthening as a mechanism to the material, while adding it to ... | 0 | Metallurgy |
Degeneracy of the genetic code was identified by Lagerkvist. For instance, codons GAA and GAG both specify glutamic acid and exhibit redundancy; but, neither specifies any other amino acid and thus are not ambiguous or demonstrate no ambiguity.
The codons encoding one amino acid may differ in any of their three positio... | 1 | Gene expression + Signal Transduction |
Cold spraying (or gas dynamic cold spraying) was introduced to the market in the 1990s. The method was originally developed in the Soviet Union – while experimenting with the erosion of the target, which was exposed to a two-phase high-velocity flow of fine powder in a wind tunnel, scientists observed accidental rapid ... | 0 | Metallurgy |
An early ironmaster was John Winter (about 1600–1676) who owned substantial holdings in the Forest of Dean. During the English Civil War he cast cannons for Charles I. Following the Restoration, Winter developed his interest in the iron industry, and experimented with a new type of coking oven. This was a precursor to ... | 0 | Metallurgy |
Molten chloride salt mixtures are commonly used as quenching baths for various alloy heat treatments, such as annealing and martempering of steel. Cyanide and chloride salt mixtures are used for surface modification of alloys such as carburizing and nitrocarburizing of steel.
Cryolite (a fluoride salt) is used as a sol... | 0 | Metallurgy |
* Advantages
** Some advantages to Biological and bio-hybrid drug carriers include but are not limited to offering compatibility with the human immune system, having the potential to be genetically modified, and having the capacity to hold drugs. Moreover, an essential advantage is their natural property of homing to i... | 1 | Gene expression + Signal Transduction |
Simple permutation-based estimation is used to determine how likely a given RP value or better is observed in a random experiment.
# generate p permutations of k rank lists of length n.
# calculate the rank products of the n genes in the p permutations.
# count how many times the rank products of the genes in the permu... | 1 | Gene expression + Signal Transduction |
Transfer RNA introns that depend upon proteins for removal occur at a specific location within the anticodon loop of unspliced tRNA precursors, and are removed by a tRNA splicing endonuclease. The exons are then linked together by a second protein, the tRNA splicing ligase. Note that self-splicing introns are also some... | 1 | Gene expression + Signal Transduction |
Subcritical crack propagation in glasses falls into three regions. In region I, the velocity of crack propagation increases with ambient humidity due to stress-enhanced chemical reaction between the glass and water. In region II, crack propagation velocity is diffusion controlled and dependent on the rate at which chem... | 0 | Metallurgy |
While the loss of a tumor suppressor such as pRb leading to uncontrolled cell proliferation is detrimental in the context of cancer, it may be beneficial to deplete or inhibit suppressive functions of pRb in the context of cellular regeneration. Harvesting the proliferative abilities of cells induced to a controlled “c... | 1 | Gene expression + Signal Transduction |
In genetics, attenuation is a regulatory mechanism for some bacterial operons that results in premature termination of transcription. The canonical example of attenuation used in many introductory genetics textbooks, is ribosome-mediated attenuation of the trp operon. Ribosome-mediated attenuation of the trp operon rel... | 1 | Gene expression + Signal Transduction |
Selective laser melting (also known as powder bed fusion) is an additive manufacturing procedure used to create intricately detailed forms from a CAD file. A shape is designed and then converted into slices. These slices are sent to a laser writer to print the final product. In brief, a bed of metal powder is prepared,... | 0 | Metallurgy |
The structures of both eukaryotic and prokaryotic genes involve several nested sequence elements. Each element has a specific function in the multi-step process of gene expression. The sequences and lengths of these elements vary, but the same general functions are present in most genes. Although DNA is a double-strand... | 1 | Gene expression + Signal Transduction |
In 1910 British polar explorer Robert Scott hoped to be the first to reach the South Pole, but was beaten by Norwegian explorer Roald Amundsen. On foot, the expedition trudged through the frozen deserts of the Antarctic, marching for caches of food and kerosene deposited on the way. In early 1912, at the first cache, t... | 0 | Metallurgy |
Typical stages in a U6 snRNA (also termed class III) gene initiation (documented in vertebrates only):
*SNAPc (SNRNA Activating Protein complex; subunits: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5) (also termed PBP and PTF) binds to the PSE (Proximal Sequence Element) centered approximately 55 base pairs upstream of the start site of transcriptio... | 1 | Gene expression + Signal Transduction |
Desensitization of the postsynaptic receptors is a decrease in response to the same neurotransmitter stimulus. It means that the strength of a synapse may in effect diminish as a train of action potentials arrive in rapid succession – a phenomenon that gives rise to the so-called frequency dependence of synapses. The n... | 1 | Gene expression + Signal Transduction |
The metals of antiquity generally have low melting points, with iron being the exception.
* Mercury melts at −38.829 °C (−37.89 °F) (being liquid at room temperature).
* Tin melts at 231 °C (449 °F)
* Lead melts at 327 °C (621 °F)
* Silver at 961 °C (1763 °F)
* Gold at 1064 °C (1947 °F)
* Copper at 1084 °C (1984 °F)
*... | 0 | Metallurgy |
*AkzoNobel Coil Coatings Europe, https://web.archive.org/web/20130528041259/http://www.akzonobel.com/CCE/coil_coatings/ourindustry/ecca/,
*ArcelorMittal, http://www.constructalia.com/francais/actualites/plus_dactus/plus_dactus100/magazine_ecca_2012_une_source_d_inspiration_pour_les_architectes,
*Shingels, https://web.a... | 0 | Metallurgy |
A finery forge was used to refine wrought iron at least by the 3rd century BC in ancient China, based on the earliest archaeological specimens of cast and pig iron fined into wrought iron and steel found at the early Han Dynasty (202 BC – 220 AD) site at Tieshengguo. Pigott speculates that the finery forge existed in t... | 0 | Metallurgy |
The yeast mediator complex is approximately as massive as a small subunit of a eukaryotic ribosome. The yeast mediator is composed of 25 subunits, while the mammalian mediator complexes are slightly larger. Mediator can be divided into 4 main parts: The head, middle, tail, and the transiently associated CDK8 kinase mod... | 1 | Gene expression + Signal Transduction |
Fluxes have several important properties:
* Activity – the ability to dissolve existing oxides on the metal surface and promote wetting with solder. Highly active fluxes are often acidic or corrosive in nature.
* Corrosivity – the promotion of corrosion by the flux and its residues. Most active fluxes tend to be corros... | 0 | Metallurgy |
CK2 is a protein kinase responsible for phosphorylation of substrates in various pathways within a cell; ATP or GTP can be used as phosphate source. CK2 has a dual functionality with involvement in cell growth/proliferation and suppression of apoptosis. CK2s anti-apoptotic function is in the continuation of the cell cy... | 1 | Gene expression + Signal Transduction |
In addition to the NUTM1 fusion genes in the above cited carcinomas, recent studies have found NUTM1 fusion genes in malignancies with undifferentiated spindle cell, round cell, and epithelioid cell-like features which are regarded as sarcomas. Sarcomas with NUTM1 fusion genes typically a) occur in some sites were sa... | 1 | Gene expression + Signal Transduction |
The rotary kilns maximum temperature ranges between 1,230 and 1,260 °C, which significantly exceeds the 1,000 to 1,050 °C threshold for iron oxide reduction. The main objective is to achieve a paste-like consistency of the ore gangue. The reduced iron agglomerates into 3 to 8 mm metal nodules called . If the infusibili... | 0 | Metallurgy |
The optical microscope, scanning electron microscope, X-ray diffraction and petrographic analysis can be used to determine the types and distribution of minerals in slag. The minerals present in the slag are good indicators of the gas atmosphere in the furnace, the cooling rate of the slag and the homogeneity of the sl... | 0 | Metallurgy |
The trematode mitochondrial code (translation table 21) is a genetic code found in the mitochondria of Trematoda. | 1 | Gene expression + Signal Transduction |
Nines are an informal logarithmic notation for proportions very near to one or, equivalently, percentages very near 100%. Put simply, "nines" are the number of consecutive nines in a percentage such as 99% (two nines) or a decimal fraction such as 0.999 (three nines). Their common uses include grading the purity of mat... | 0 | Metallurgy |
The table, like most shaking tables, consists of a riffled deck with a gentle tilt on a stable support to counteract the tables oscillation. A motor, usually mounted to the side, drives a small arm that shakes the table along its length. The riffles are typically less than high and cover more than half the tables surf... | 0 | Metallurgy |
Recently, it has been proposed that autapses could possibly form as a result of neuronal signal transmission blockage, such as in cases of axonal injury induced by poisoning or impeding ion channels. Dendrites from the soma in addition to an auxiliary axon may develop to form an autapse to help remediate the neuron's s... | 1 | Gene expression + Signal Transduction |
The Copper Age, also called the Eneolithic or the Chalcolithic Age, has been traditionally understood as a transitional period between the Neolithic and the Bronze Age, in which a gradual introduction of the metal (native copper) took place, while stone was still the main resource utilized. Recent archaeology has found... | 0 | Metallurgy |
There has been evidence that the nonsense-mediated mRNA decay pathway participates in X chromosome dosage compensation in mammals. In higher eukaryotes with dimorphic sex chromosomes, such as humans and fruit flies, males have one X chromosome, whereas females have two. These organisms have evolved a mechanism that com... | 1 | Gene expression + Signal Transduction |
Corrosion monitoring is the use of a corrator (corrosion meter) or set of methods and equipment to provide offline or online information about corrosion rate expressed in mpy (mill per year). - for better care and to take or improve preventive measures to combat and protect against corrosion. In this article, the diffe... | 0 | Metallurgy |
Splicing is regulated by trans-acting proteins (repressors and activators) and corresponding cis-acting regulatory sites (silencers and enhancers) on the pre-mRNA. However, as part of the complexity of alternative splicing, it is noted that the effects of a splicing factor are frequently position-dependent. That is, a ... | 1 | Gene expression + Signal Transduction |
Bioresorbable (or bioabsorbable) metallic glass is a type of amorphous metal, which is based on the Mg-Zn-Ca ternary system. Containing only elements which already exist inside the human body, namely Mg, Zn and Ca, these amorphous alloys are a special type of biodegradable metal. | 0 | Metallurgy |
The Institution of Metallurgists was a British professional association for metallurgists, largely involved in the iron and steel industry. | 0 | Metallurgy |
Aberrant promoter hypermethylation of SFRP1 occurs frequently during the pathogenesis of human cancers and has been found to be one of the primary mechanisms in SFRP1 down-regulation. Methylation-specific PCR (MSP) is able to detect this epigenetic change and could be used for cancer detection. Detection and quantifi... | 1 | Gene expression + Signal Transduction |
The cytoplasmic domains of the EpoR contain a number of phosphotyrosines that are phosphorylated by Jak2 and serve as docking sites for a variety of intracellular pathway activators and Stats (such as Stat5). In addition to activating Ras/AKT and ERK/MAP kinase, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/AKT pathway and STAT transc... | 1 | Gene expression + Signal Transduction |
It carried out work on reactors for the British civil and military (submarine fleet) nuclear energy programmes, investigating metallurgy. In the first ten years, it carried out research on materials for fast breeder reactors; it was the first time that niobium had been part of a fast breeder reactor. The site investiga... | 0 | Metallurgy |
Wet storage stain can be prevented for a limited amount of time by coating in a light oil, chromate conversion coatings, or phosphate conversion coatings. A more permanent solution is to paint the surface. | 0 | Metallurgy |
Smeltmills were water-powered mills used to smelt lead or other metals.
The older method of smelting lead on wind-blown bole hills began to be superseded by artificially-blown smelters. The first such furnace was built by Burchard Kranich at Makeney, Derbyshire in 1554, but produced less good lead than the older bole ... | 0 | Metallurgy |
The grain size, shape and distribution of the foundry sand, the type and quantity of bonding materials, the density to which the sand is rammed, and the percentage of moisture used for tempering the sand are important factors in regulating the degree of permeability. | 0 | Metallurgy |
Sealing is the final step in the anodizing process. Acidic anodizing solutions produce pores in the anodized coating. These pores can absorb dyes and retain lubricants but are also an avenue for corrosion. When lubrication properties are not critical, they are usually sealed after dyeing to increase corrosion resistanc... | 0 | Metallurgy |
Within molecular and cell biology, temporal feedback, also referred to as interlinked or interlocked feedback, is a biological regulatory motif in which fast and slow positive feedback loops are interlinked to create "all or none" switches. This interlinking produces separate, adjustable activation and de-activation ti... | 1 | Gene expression + Signal Transduction |
# Mixture of fuel and oxygen is injected into the combustion chamber.
# Powder feedstock is introduced into the chamber.
# Nitrogen gas is added between the fuel-oxygen mixture and powder feedstock in order to prevent backfiring.
# Mixture is ignited, and heated powder is ejected from the barrel onto the target materia... | 0 | Metallurgy |
Over the life of Fulmer about 500 people were members of staff. Among these, because of the wide range of projects that Fulmer undertook, investigators and other technical staff had to be able to adapt their specialist skills and to innovate. They were also expected to play a part in attracting the necessary funding fr... | 0 | Metallurgy |
Cementation is a type of precipitation, a heterogeneous process in which ions are reduced to zero valence at a solid metallic interface. The process is often used to refine leach solutions.
Cementation of copper is a common example. Copper ions in solution, often from an ore leaching process, are precipitated out of s... | 0 | Metallurgy |
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The P promoter allows for tight regulation and control of a target gene in vivo. As explained above, P is regulated by the addition and absence of arabinose. As tested, the promoter can be further repressed with reduced levels of cAMP through the addition of glucose. Plasmid vectors have been constructed and te... | 1 | Gene expression + Signal Transduction |
While the frequency of alterations of the RB gene is substantial for many human cancer types including as lung, esophageal, and liver, alterations in up-steam regulatory components of pRb such as CDK4 and CDK6 have been the main targets for potential therapeutics to treat cancers with dysregulation in the RB pathway. T... | 1 | Gene expression + Signal Transduction |
The sensing of bacterial signals is performed by peptidoglycan recognition protein LC (PGRP-LC), a transmembrane protein with an intracellular domain. Binding of bacterial peptidoglycan leads to dimerization of PGRP-LC which generates the conformation needed to bind and activate the Imd protein. However alternate isofo... | 1 | Gene expression + Signal Transduction |
Being an endothermic reaction, heat is applied to initiate and sustain the reaction. This heat requirement may be very high. To keep reaction temperatures low, the processes are operated under pressure. The rotary kiln is typically used in dolomite calcination. In the rotary kiln, the raw material, calcinated dolomite,... | 0 | Metallurgy |
Englishman William Haynes patented a process in 1860 for separating sulfide and gangue minerals using oil. Later writers have pointed to Haynes's as the first "bulk oil flotation" patent, though there is no evidence of its being field tested, or used commercially. In 1877 the brothers Bessel (Adolph and August) of Dres... | 0 | Metallurgy |
RNA polymerase II is inhibited by α-Amanitin and other amatoxins. α-Amanitin is a highly poisonous substance found in many mushrooms. The mushroom poison has different effects on each of the RNA Polymerases: I, II, III. RNAP I is completely unresponsive to the substance and will function normally while RNAP III has a m... | 1 | Gene expression + Signal Transduction |
Exposure of concrete structures to neutrons and gamma radiation in nuclear power plants, and high-flux material testing reactors, can induce radiation damage to their concrete structural components. Paramagnetic defects and optical centers are easily formed, but very high fluxes are necessary to displace a sufficiently... | 0 | Metallurgy |
Advantages:
* Can be machined, brazed, formed, cut with available processes.
* Develops a protective oxide layer that is self-healing.
* This oxide layer is stable and has a high emission coefficient.
* Allows the design of thin-walled structures (sandwich).
* Resistant to harsh weather conditions in the troposphere.
*... | 0 | Metallurgy |
If an inducer, a molecule that initiates the gene expression, is present, then it can interact with the repressor protein and detach it from the operator. RNA polymerase then can transcribe the message (expressing the gene). A co-repressor is a molecule that can bind to the repressor and make it bind to the operator ti... | 1 | Gene expression + Signal Transduction |
The first mitogen-activated protein kinase to be discovered was ERK1 (MAPK3) in mammals. Since ERK1 and its close relative ERK2 (MAPK1) are both involved in growth factor signaling, the family was termed "mitogen-activated". With the discovery of other members, even from distant organisms (e.g. plants), it has become i... | 1 | Gene expression + Signal Transduction |
Numerous sAC splice variants are present in osteoclast and osteoblasts, and mutation in the human sAC gene is associated with low spinal density. Calcification by osteoblasts is intrinsically related with bicarbonate and calcium. Bone density experiments in mouse calvaria cultured indicates that HCO-sensing sAC is a p... | 1 | Gene expression + Signal Transduction |
The HNF3 subfamily members contain a winged helix DNA-binding domain and bind to DNA as monomers.
* HNF3α/FOXA1 (forkhead box A1)
* HNF3β/FOXA2 (forkhead box A2)
* HNF3γ/FOXA3 (forkhead box A3) | 1 | Gene expression + Signal Transduction |
Rust formation can be controlled with coatings, such as paint, lacquer, varnish, or wax tapes that isolate the iron from the environment. Large structures with enclosed box sections, such as ships and modern automobiles, often have a wax-based product (technically a "slushing oil") injected into these sections. Such tr... | 0 | Metallurgy |
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