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Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 58-year-old man comes to the emergency department with complaints of abdominal pain, swelling, and fever for the last few days. Pain is situated in the right upper quadrant (RUQ) and is dull and aching. He scores it as 6/10 with no exacerbating or relieving factors. He also complains of anorexia for the same durati... | B: Ultrasound |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 42-year-old female complains of feeling anxious and worrying about nearly every aspect of her daily life. She cannot identify a specific cause for these symptoms and admits that this tension is accompanied by tiredness and difficulty falling asleep. To treat this problem, the patient is prescribed sertraline. She e... | D: 5HT-1A receptor |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:An 81-year-old woman presents to your office accompanied by her husband. She has been doing well except for occasional word finding difficulty. Her husband is concerned that her memory is worsening over the past year. Recently, she got lost twice on her way home from her daughter’s house, was unable to remember her n... | B: ApoE4 |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 36-year-old man is brought to the emergency department for right upper quadrant abdominal pain that began 3 days ago. The pain is nonradiating and has no alleviating or exacerbating factors. He denies any nausea or vomiting. He immigrated from Mexico 6 months ago and currently works at a pet shop. He has been healt... | A: Amebiasis |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 4-year-old boy with a rash is brought in by his mother. The patient’s mother says that his symptoms started acutely a few hours ago after they had eaten shellfish at a restaurant which has progressively worsened. She says that the rash started with a few bumps on his neck and chest but quickly spread to involve his... | C: Cetirizine |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 40-year-old woman comes to the physician for a 6-month history of recurrent episodes of chest pain, racing pulse, dizziness, and difficulty breathing. The episodes last up to several minutes. She also reports urinary urgency and two episodes of loss of consciousness followed by spontaneous recovery. There is no per... | B: AV node with slow and fast pathway |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 19-year-old man is brought to the emergency department 35 minutes after being involved in a high-speed motor vehicle collision. On arrival, he is alert, has mild chest pain, and minimal shortness of breath. He has one episode of vomiting in the hospital. His temperature is 37.3°C (99.1°F), pulse is 108/min, respira... | B: Pulmonary contusion |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 17-year-old male with a history of bipolar disorder presents to clinic with a rash (Image A) that he noticed one week after starting a medication to stabilize his mood. The medication blocks voltage-gated sodium channels and can be used to treat partial simple, partial complex, and generalized tonic-clonic seizures... | E: Immediately discontinue the drug |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 63-year-old woman comes to the physician for a routine health maintenance examination. She reports feeling tired sometimes and having itchy skin. Over the past 2 years, the amount of urine she passes has been slowly decreasing. She has hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus complicated with diabetic nephropathy.... | E: Cardiovascular disease |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 36-year-old nulligravid woman comes to the physician because of a 1-year history of pelvic discomfort and heavy menstrual bleeding. The pain is dull and pressure-like and occurs intermittently; the patient is asymptomatic between episodes. Menses occur at regular 30-day intervals and last 8 days with heavy flow. He... | D: Pelvic ultrasound |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 63-year-old man presents to the emergency department complaining of sudden-onset severe dyspnea and right-sided chest pain. The patient has a history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, hypertension, peptic ulcer disease, and hyperthyroidism. He has smoked a pack of cigarettes daily for 20 years, drinks socia... | E: Rupture of an apical alveolar bleb |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:An investigator is studying genetic mutations of coagulation factors from patient samples. Genetic sequencing of one patient's coagulation factors shows a DNA point mutation that substitutes guanine for adenine. The corresponding mRNA codon forms a glutamine in place of arginine on position 506 at the polypeptide cle... | B: Cerebral vein thrombosis |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 29-year-old woman presents to the primary care office for a recent history of falls. She has fallen 5 times over the last year. These falls are not associated with any preceding symptoms; she specifically denies dizziness, lightheadedness, or visual changes. However, she has started noticing that both of her legs f... | B: Electromyography (including nerve conduction studies) |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:An 8-year-old African-American boy is brought into the emergency department by his mother due to intense abdominal pain and pain in his thighs. The mother states that she also suffers from the same disease and that the boy has been previously admitted for episodes such as this. On exam, the boy is in 10/10 pain. His ... | C: Hydroxyurea |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 23-year-old woman comes to the emergency department because of a diffuse, itchy rash and swollen face for 6 hours. That morning, she was diagnosed with an abscess of the lower leg. She underwent treatment with incision and drainage as well as oral antibiotics. She has no history of serious illness. She is not in ac... | C: Intravenous methylprednisolone, ranitidine, and diphenhydramine administration |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:An 86-year-old male is admitted to the hospital under your care for management of pneumonia. His hospital course has been relatively uneventful, and he is progressing well. While making morning rounds on your patients, the patient's cousin approaches you in the hallway and asks about the patient's prognosis and poten... | E: Explain that you cannot discuss the patient's care without explicit permission from the patient themselves. |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A first time mother of a healthy, full term, newborn girl is anxious about sudden infant death syndrome. Which of the following pieces of advice can reduce the risk of SIDS?? {'A': 'Sleep supine in a crib without bumpers, use a pacifier after 1 month of age, and avoidance smoking', 'B': 'Sleep supine in a crib withou... | A: Sleep supine in a crib without bumpers, use a pacifier after 1 month of age, and avoidance smoking |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 70-year-old man presents to his primary care physician for a general checkup. He states that he has been doing well and taking his medications as prescribed. He recently started a new diet and supplement to improve his health and has started exercising. The patient has a past medical history of diabetes, a myocardi... | D: Medication |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 51-year-old woman presents to the emergency department with a 2-day history of bilateral lower extremity swelling. She says that her legs do not hurt, but she noticed she was gaining weight and her legs were becoming larger. Her past medical history is significant for morbid obesity, hypertension, and hypercholeste... | A: Inhibition of calcium channels |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 5-year-old boy is brought to the emergency room by his parents after slipping on a rug at home and experiencing exquisite pain and swelling of his arms. Radiographs reveal a new supracondylar fracture of the humerus, as well as indications of multiple, old fractures that have healed. His parents note that an inheri... | C: Deficiency of type 1 collagen |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 27-year-old male presents to urgent care complaining of pain with urination. He reports that the pain started 3 days ago. He has never experienced these symptoms before. He denies gross hematuria or pelvic pain. He is sexually active with his girlfriend, and they consistently use condoms. When asked about recent tr... | A: Chlamydia trachomatis |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 26-year-old woman, gravida 2, para 1, at 9 weeks' gestation comes to the physician with her 16-month-old son for her first prenatal visit. Her son has had low-grade fever, headache, and arthralgia for 5 days. He has also had a generalized rash that started on the cheeks 2 days ago and has since spread to his body. ... | B: Maternal serologic assays for virus-specific IgG and IgM |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 5-year-old is presented to the emergency department after being involved in an accident on the way to school. According to the paramedics, the patient was hit by a motor vehicle and his right leg was crushed. The parents were immediately contacted, and the physician explains that a limb-saving operation is the best... | E: Inform the hospital Ethics Committee, state authority, and child protective services, and try to get a court order if it takes too long to proceed with the physician’s treatment plan. |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:An investigator is studying the relationship between suicide and unemployment using data from a national health registry that encompasses 10,000 people who died by suicide, as well as 100,000 matched controls. The investigator finds that unemployment was associated with an increased risk of death by suicide (odds rat... | E: Confounding |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 7-month-old girl is brought to the hospital by her mother, who complains of a lesion on the infant’s labia for the past 5 days. The lesion is 2 x 2 cm in size and red in color with serosanguinous fluid oozing out of the right labia. The parents note that the girl has had a history of recurrent bacterial skin infect... | D: Integrin subunit |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 45-year-old man visits the office with complaints of severe pain with urination for 5 days. In addition, he reports having burning discomfort and itchiness at the tip of his penis. He is also concerned regarding a yellow-colored urethral discharge that started a week ago. Before his symptoms began, he states that h... | C: Nucleic acid amplification tests (NAATs) |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 31-year-old female receives a kidney transplant for autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD). Three weeks later, the patient experiences acute, T-cell mediated rejection of the allograft and is given sirolimus. Which of the following are side effects of this medication?? {'A': 'Nephrotoxicity, hypertens... | C: Hyperlipidemia, thrombocytopenia |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 39-year-old woman, gravida 5, para 4, at 41 weeks' gestation is brought to the hospital because of regular uterine contractions that started 2 hours ago. Pregnancy has been complicated by iron deficiency anemia treated with iron supplements. Pelvic examination shows the cervix is 90% effaced and 7-cm dilated; the v... | E: Emergent cesarean delivery |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 6-year-old girl is brought to the physician for pain and increasing swelling over her scalp for 1 month. She has not had any trauma to the area. There is no family or personal history of serious illness. Vital signs are within normal limits. Examination shows a 3-cm solitary, tender mass over the right parietal bon... | B: Langerhans cell histiocytosis |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 45-year-old man with a history of biliary colic presents with one-day of intractable nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain radiating to the back. Temperature is 99.7 deg F (37.6 deg C), blood pressure is 102/78 mmHg, pulse is 112/min, and respirations are 22/min. On abdominal exam, he has involuntary guarding and te... | A: White blood cell count |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 4-year-old girl is brought to the emergency department by her parents with a sudden onset of breathlessness. She has been having similar episodes over the past few months with a progressive increase in frequency over the past week. They have noticed that the difficulty in breathing is more prominent during the day ... | E: Airway hyperreactivity to external allergens causing intermittent airway obstruction |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:During an experiment, the immunophenotypes of different cells in a sample are determined. The cells are labeled with fluorescent antibodies specific to surface proteins, and a laser is then focused on the samples. The intensity of fluorescence created by the laser beam is then plotted on a scatter plot. The result sh... | C: Mature cytotoxic T lymphocytes |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 59-year-old truck driver presents to the emergency department after returning from his usual week-long trucking trip with excruciating pain around his anus. The patient admits to drinking beer when not working and notes that his meals usually consist of fast food. He has no allergies, takes no medications, and his ... | B: Internal pudendal |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 42-year-old man comes to the emergency department complaining of chest pain. He states that he was at the grocery store when he developed severe, burning chest pain along with palpitations and nausea. He screamed for someone to call an ambulance. He says this has happened before, including at least 4 episodes in th... | C: Cognitive behavioral therapy |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 29-year-old woman presents to the emergency department with a broken arm after she tripped and fell at work. She says that she has no history of broken bones but that she has been having bone pain in her back and hips for several months. In addition, she says that she has been waking up several times in the middle ... | D: Hypocalcemia |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 33-year-old pilot is transported to the emergency department after she was involved in a cargo plane crash during a military training exercise in South Korea. She is conscious but confused. She has no history of serious illness and takes no medications. Physical examination shows numerous lacerations and ecchymoses... | A: Increased heart rate |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 61-year-old man comes to the physician for shortness of breath and chest discomfort that is becoming progressively worse. He has had increasing problems exerting himself for the past 5 years. He is now unable to walk more than 50 m on level terrain without stopping and mostly rests at home. He has smoked 1–2 packs ... | A: Elevated pulmonary artery pressure |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A previously healthy 36-year-old man is brought to the physician by a friend because of fatigue and a depressed mood for the past few weeks. During this time, he has not been going to work and did not show up to meet his friends for two bowling nights. The friend is concerned that he may lose his job. He spends most ... | B: Initiate cognitive behavioral therapy |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 64-year-old homeless man comes to the emergency department with right ear pain and difficulty hearing for 2 weeks. Over the last 5 days, he has also noticed discharge from his right ear. He does not recall the last time he saw a physician. His temperature is 39.0°C (102.2°F), blood pressure is 153/92 mm Hg, pulse i... | E: Elevated HBA1c |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 1-year-old girl is brought to the pediatrician because of a 6-month history of diarrhea. She has not received recommended well-child examinations. Her stools are foul-smelling and nonbloody. There is no family history of serious illness. She is at the 15th percentile for height and 5th percentile for weight. Physic... | C: Restriction of long-chain fatty acids |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 33-year-old man presents to the emergency department with back pain. He is currently intoxicated but states that he is having severe back pain and is requesting morphine and lorazepam. The patient has a past medical history of alcohol abuse, drug seeking behavior, and IV drug abuse and does not routinely see a phys... | D: Spinal epidural abscess |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 62-year-old man is brought to the emergency department because of headache, blurring of vision, and numbness of the right leg for the past 2 hours. He has hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Current medications include enalapril and metformin. He is oriented only to person. His temperature is 37.3°C (99.1°F)... | E: Infarct of the left posterior cerebral artery |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 12-year-old girl presents to her primary care physician for a well-child visit. She has a history of asthma and uses her inhaler 1-2 times per week when she exercises. She does not smoke and is not currently sexually active; however, she does have a boyfriend. She lives with her mother in an apartment and is doing ... | A: HPV vaccine |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 3500-g (7.7-lbs) girl is delivered at 39 weeks' gestation to a 27-year-old woman, gravida 2, para 1. Apgar scores are 8 and 9 at 1 and 5 minutes, respectively. The mother had regular prenatal visits throughout the pregnancy. She did not smoke or drink alcohol. She took multivitamins as prescribed by her physician. ... | A: Hydrocortisone and fludrocortisone therapy |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 35-year-old male with a history of hypertension presents with hematuria and abdominal discomfort. Ultrasound and CT scan reveal large, bilateral cysts in all regions of the kidney. The patient’s disease is most commonly associated with:? {'A': 'Aortic stenosis', 'B': 'Berger’s disease', 'C': 'Diabetes mellitus', 'D... | D: Berry aneurysm |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 62-year-old man presents to the emergency department for evaluation of a 2-year history of increasing shortness of breath. He also has an occasional nonproductive cough. The symptoms get worse with exertion. The medical history is significant for hypertension and he takes chlorthalidone. He is a smoker with a 40-pa... | A: FEV1/FVC of 65% |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 61-year-old woman comes to the physician because of a 6-month history of left knee pain and stiffness. Examination of the left knee shows tenderness to palpation along the joint line; there is crepitus with full flexion and extension. An x-ray of the knee shows osteophytes with joint-space narrowing. Arthrocentesis... | D: Conversion of arachidonic acid to prostaglandin G2 |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 55-year-old woman presents to a physician’s clinic for a diabetes follow-up. She recently lost weight and believes the diabetes is ‘winding down’ because the urinary frequency has slowed down compared to when her diabetes was "at its worst". She had been poorly compliant with medications, but she is now asking if s... | B: Inulin |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 67-year-old man presents to the emergency department for altered mental status. The patient is a member of a retirement community and was found to have a depressed mental status when compared to his baseline. The patient has a past medical history of Alzheimer dementia and diabetes mellitus that is currently well-c... | C: Ceftriaxone, vancomycin, ampicillin, and steroids |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 58-year-old man with type 2 diabetes mellitus comes to the emergency department because of a 2-day history of dysphagia and swelling in the neck and lower jaw. He has had tooth pain on the left side over the past week, which has made it difficult for him to sleep. Four weeks ago, he had a 3-day episode of flu-like ... | E: Ludwig angina " |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A previously healthy 19-year-old man is brought to the emergency department by his girlfriend after briefly losing consciousness. He passed out while moving furniture into her apartment. She said that he was unresponsive for a minute but regained consciousness and was not confused. The patient did not have any chest ... | B: Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 33-year-old woman comes to the emergency department because of a 1-hour history of severe pelvic pain and nausea. She was diagnosed with a follicular cyst in the left ovary 3 months ago. The cyst was found incidentally during a fertility evaluation. A pelvic ultrasound with Doppler flow shows an enlarged, edematous... | A: Ureter |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 31-year-old unresponsive man is admitted to the emergency department after a single-vehicle roll-over accident. On primary assessment by paramedics, he was unresponsive. On admission, he opened his eyes to painful stimuli, was not responsive to verbal commands, his arms were flexed and the legs were straight with n... | B: Placement of an intraventricular catheter |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 38-year-old male is brought to the emergency department by ambulance after a motor vehicle collision. He is found to have a broken femur and multiple soft tissue injuries and is admitted to the hospital. During the hospital course, he is found to have lower extremity swelling, redness, and pain, so he is given an i... | E: Factors V and VIII |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 19-year-old male college student is brought to the emergency department by his girlfriend complaining of intense pain. They had been playing outside in the snow when the patient started to have severe hand and feet pain. He says the pain is 9 out of 10 and causing him to have trouble moving his fingers and toes. He... | E: Increase in hemoglobin with higher oxygen affinity |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 43-year-old woman comes to the physician because of a 3-month history of a painless ulcer on the sole of her right foot. There is no history of trauma. She has been dressing the ulcer once daily at home with gauze. She has a 15-year history of poorly-controlled type 1 diabetes mellitus and hypertension. Current med... | D: Sharp surgical debridement of the ulcer |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 9-year-old boy is brought to the office due to exertional dyspnea and fatigability. He tires easily when walking or playing. His parents say that he was diagnosed with a congenital heart disease during his infancy, but they refused any treatment. They do not remember much about his diagnosis. The patient also had o... | C: Patent ductus arteriosus |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 16-year-old teenager presents to the pediatrician with his mother. After she leaves the room he tells the physician that he is worried about puberty. All of his friends have had growth spurts, started building muscle mass, and their voices have changed while he still feels underdeveloped. The physician takes a comp... | C: The absence of testicular enlargement by age of 14 years |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 62-year-old man is brought to the physician by his wife for increased forgetfulness and unsteady gait over the past 3 months. He is a journalist and has had difficulty concentrating on his writing. He also complains of urinary urgency recently. His temperature is 36.8°C (98.2°F) and blood pressure is 139/83 mm Hg. ... | B: Normal pressure hydrocephalus |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 19-year-old woman presents with worsening pain in her neck for the past 5 days. She says she is not able to wear her tie for her evening job because is it too painful. She also reports associated anxiety, palpitations, and lethargy for the past 10 days. Past medical history is significant for a recent 3-day episode... | B: Aspirin |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 68-year-old man with atrial fibrillation comes to the emergency department with acute-onset severe upper abdominal pain. He takes no medications. He is severely hypotensive. Despite maximal resuscitation efforts, he dies. Autopsy shows necrosis of the proximal portion of the greater curvature of the stomach caused ... | D: Splenic artery |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 65-year-old woman was referred to a specialist for dysphagia and weight loss. She has a history of difficulty swallowing solid foods, which has become worse over the past year. She has unintentionally lost 2.3 kg (5 lb). A previous gastroscopy showed mild gastritis with a positive culture for Helicobacter pylori. A... | C: Left atrium enlargement |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 46-year-old man presents to his primary care provider for an ulcerating skin lesion on his leg for the past week. He says that the week prior he slipped while hiking and scraped his left leg. Over the course of the next week, he noticed redness and swelling of the scraped area and the development of a nodule that e... | E: Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 33-year-old man presents with a darkening of the skin on his neck over the past month. Past medical history is significant for primary hypothyroidism treated with levothyroxine. His vital signs include: blood pressure 130/80 mm Hg, pulse 84/min, respiratory rate 18/min, temperature 36.8°C (98.2°F). His body mass in... | C: Exercise and diet |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 33-year-old woman is brought to the emergency department after she was involved in a high-speed motor vehicle collision. She reports severe pelvic pain. Her pulse is 124/min and blood pressure is 80/56 mm Hg. Physical examination shows instability of the pelvic ring. As part of the initial emergency treatment, she ... | B: Crescent-shaped, fragmented erythrocytes |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 45-year-old man with a 15-pack-year smoking history is referred for pulmonary function testing. On physical exam, he appears barrel-chested and mildly overweight, but breathes normally. Which of the following tests will most accurately measure his total lung capacity?? {'A': 'Spirometry', 'B': 'Open-circuit nitroge... | C: Body plethysmography |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 24-year-old man is brought to the emergency department after being involved in a motor vehicle accident as an unrestrained driver. He was initially found unconscious at the scene but, after a few minutes, he regained consciousness. He says he is having difficulty breathing and has right-sided pleuritic chest pain. ... | B: Needle thoracostomy at the 2nd intercostal space, midclavicular line |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 30-year-old man is brought to the emergency department by the police after starting a fight at a local bar. He has several minor bruises and he appears agitated. He talks incessantly about his future plans. He reports that he has no history of disease and that he is "super healthy" and "never felt better". His temp... | A: Increased appetite |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A young couple expecting their first child present to the obstetrician for routine follow up at 16 weeks gestation. The father suffers from Leber hereditary optic neuropathy and wants to know if is possible that he has passed down the disease to his unborn daughter. The correct response is:? {'A': 'Yes, the father ca... | B: No, the father cannot pass the disease to any offpring. |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 65-year-old homeless man with a history of hospitalization for alcohol intoxication is brought in confused. His serum glucose is 39mg/dl. Which of the following is likely true?? {'A': 'He has also been using cocaine', 'B': 'He has decreased activity of alcohol dehydrogenase', 'C': 'Hepatic gluconeogenesis is elevat... | E: His hepatic NADH/NAD+ ratio is high |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 72-year-old man is brought to the physician for the evaluation of severe nosebleeds and two episodes of bloody vomit over the past 40 minutes. He reports that he has had recurrent nosebleeds almost daily for the last 3 weeks. The nosebleeds last between 30 and 40 minutes. He appears pale. His temperature is 36.5°C ... | A: Endoscopic ligation of the sphenopalatine artery |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 50-year-old man comes to the physician for his annual health maintenance examination. The patient feels well. He has a history of hypertension, for which he currently takes lisinopril. He has smoked a pack of cigarettes daily for 20 years. He drinks 5–6 beers on weekends. He is 181 cm tall (5 ft 11 in), weighs 80 k... | C: HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 68-year-old man presents to the emergency department because of difficulty breathing and chest tightness for the last 3 days. He also has a productive cough with excessive amounts of green sputum. He has had chronic obstructive pulmonary disease for the past 10 years, but says that the cough and sputum are differen... | B: Reversing bronchoconstriction and correction of electrolyte abnormalities |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 65-year-old man presents with low-grade fever and malaise for the last 4 months. He also says he has lost 9 kg (20 lb) during this period and suffers from extreme fatigue. Past medical history is significant for a mitral valve replacement 5 years ago. His temperature is 38.1°C (100.6°F), respirations are 22/min, pu... | B: Coagulase-negative Staphylococcus spp. |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 55-year-old man comes to the physician with a 3-month history of headache, periodic loss of vision, and easy bruising. Physical examination shows splenomegaly. His hemoglobin concentration is 13.8 g/dL, leukocyte count is 8000/mm3, and platelet count is 995,000/mm3. Bone marrow biopsy shows markedly increased megak... | D: Prolactin |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 71-year-old man presents to the emergency department with severe substernal chest pain. An initial EKG demonstrates ST elevation in leads V2, V3, V4, and V5 with reciprocal changes. The patient is started on aspirin and heparin and is transferred to the cardiac catheterization lab. The patient recovers over the nex... | D: Increased pulmonary capillary wedge pressure |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 55-year-old African American man presents to the emergency department with central chest pressure. His symptoms started the day before. The pain was initially intermittent in nature but has become constant and radiates to his jaw and left shoulder. He also complains of some difficulty breathing. The patient was dia... | B: Esmolol and intravenous nitroglycerin |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 27-year-old African American man presents to a primary care physician for a routine checkup as a new patient. The patient states that he has been doing well lately and recently was promoted at his job. He states that 2 weeks ago he went to the ED for severe pain and was treated with morphine and oral fluids and dis... | B: Extravascular hemolysis |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 45-year-old man comes to the physician for a routine health maintenance examination. He feels well. He underwent appendectomy at the age of 25 years. He has a history of hypercholesterolemia that is well controlled with atorvastatin. He is an avid marathon runner and runs 8 miles per day four times a week. His fath... | C: Mobitz type I AV block |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 54-year-old man comes to the emergency department because of severe pain in his right leg that began suddenly 3 hours ago. He has had repeated cramping in his right calf while walking for the past 4 months, but it has never been this severe. He has type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypercholesterolemia, and hypertension. C... | D: Administer normal saline |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 27-year-old G2P1 woman is diagnosed with an HIV infection after undergoing routine prenatal blood work testing. Her estimated gestational age by first-trimester ultrasound is 12 weeks. Her CD4 count is 150 cells/mm^3 and her viral load is 126,000 copies/mL. She denies experiencing any symptoms of HIV infection. Whi... | C: HAART |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 16-year-old boy presents to the emergency department after a skateboarding accident. He fell on a broken bottle and received a 4 cm wound on the dorsal aspect of his left hand. His vitals are stable and he was evaluated by the surgeon on call who determined to suture was not required. After several weeks the wound ... | A: Incised wound |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 44-year-old female with a 3-year history of biliary colic presents with acute cholecystitis. After further evaluation, she undergoes a laparoscopic cholecystectomy without complication. Which of the following is true following this procedure?? {'A': 'Lipid absorption is decreased', 'B': 'Lipid absorption is increas... | C: Lipid absorption is unaffected |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 56-year-old man with type 2 diabetes mellitus comes to the physician for a follow-up examination. Three months ago, the patient was started on metformin therapy after counseling on diet, exercise, and weight reduction failed to reduce his hyperglycemia. Physical examination shows no abnormalities. His hemoglobin A1... | E: Increased transcription of adipokines |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 60-year-old man presents to the emergency department with pleuritic chest pain. He recently returned from a vacation in Germany and noticed he felt short of breath and had chest pain the following morning. The patient is generally healthy but did have surgery on his ankle 3 weeks ago and has been less ambulatory. H... | C: Hemoptysis |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 39-year-old man presents to the emergency room for epistaxis. He reports having frequent nosebleeds over the past 48 hours. He also reports a constant pounding headache over the same timeframe. He is accompanied by his wife who reports that he has seemed “off” lately, frequently forgetting recent events and names o... | A: Metalloproteinase-mediated protein degradation |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 65-year-old man comes to his primary care physician for a routine health maintenance examination. He takes no medications. Physical examination and laboratory studies show no abnormalities. Compared to a healthy adolescent, this patient is most likely to have which of the following changes in immune function?? {'A'... | C: Decreased responsiveness to vaccines |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:Two hours after undergoing elective cholecystectomy with general anesthesia, a 41-year-old woman is evaluated for decreased mental status. BMI is 36.6 kg/m2. Respirations are 18/min and blood pressure is 126/73 mm Hg. Physical examination shows the endotracheal tube in normal position. She does not respond to sternal... | D: High lipid solubility |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 58-year-old woman presents with a 2-week history of fever, fatigue, generalized weakness, and bleeding gums. Past medical history is significant for type 2 diabetes mellitus, managed with metformin. The patient is afebrile, and her vitals are within normal limits. On physical examination, she has bilateral cervical... | C: t(15;17) |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 45-year-old man comes to the physician because of severe left knee pain and swelling. He has hypercholesterolemia and hypertension. Current medications include pravastatin and captopril. He eats a low-fat diet that includes fish and leafy green vegetables. He drinks 4–6 cups of coffee daily. He has smoked one pack ... | C: Reduce fish intake |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 69-year-old man is brought to the emergency department by his wife because of fever, cough, diarrhea, and confusion for 2 days. He recently returned from a cruise to the Caribbean. He has a history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. He has smoked one pack of cigarettes daily for 40 years. His temperature is ... | A: Charcoal yeast extract agar |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 70-year-old male visits his primary care physician because of progressive weight loss. He has a 20-year history of smoking 2 packs of cigarettes a day and was diagnosed with diabetes mellitus 6 years ago. After physical examination, the physician tells the patient he suspects adenocarcinoma at the head of the pancr... | C: Palpable gallbladder |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 48-year-old woman is brought to the emergency department by police because of confusion and agitation. Her medical record indicates that she has peptic ulcer disease that is treated with omeprazole. The patient's brother arrives shortly after. He reports that she drinks around 17 oz. of vodka daily. Neurological ex... | A: Folate deficiency |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 17-year-old girl presents to her pediatrician for a wellness visit. She currently feels well but is concerned that she has not experienced menarche. She reports to recently developing headaches and describes them as pulsating, occurring on the left side of her head, associated with nausea, and relieved by ibuprofen... | B: Pelvic ultrasound |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 52-year-old man presents to his physician after his routine screening revealed that he has elevated liver enzymes. He complains of occasional headaches during the past year, but otherwise feels well. The patient reports that he was involved in a serious car accident in the 1980s. He does not smoke or drink alcohol.... | C: Sofosbuvir and ledipasvir therapy |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:Four days after being admitted to the hospital for widespread second-degree burns over his arms and thorax, a 29-year-old man develops a fever and wound discharge. His temperature is 38.8°C (101.8°F). Examination shows a discolored burn eschar with edema and redness of the surrounding skin. The wounds have a sickly, ... | C: Phospholipase C |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 73-year-old woman recently diagnosed with colonic adenocarcinoma comes to the physician because of a 1-week history of nausea and multiple episodes of vomiting. These symptoms started shortly after her first infusion of oxaliplatin and fluorouracil. The patient is started on an appropriate medication. Three weeks l... | D: 5-HT3 receptor antagonist |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 11-year-old girl comes to the physician for evaluation of recurrent nosebleeds since childhood. She has multiple, small dilated capillaries on the lips, nose, and fingers on exam. Her father has a similar history of recurrent nosebleeds. Which of the following conditions is this patient at increased risk for?? {'A'... | B: High-output heart failure |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 16-year-old boy is brought to the emergency department after being tackled at a football game. Per his mom, he is the quarterback of his team and was head-butted in the left shoulder region by the opposing team. Shortly after, the mother noticed that his left arm was hanging by his torso and his hand was “bent back... | A: C5-C6 nerve roots |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 58-year-old man comes to the physician because of a 4-day history of abdominal pain and vomiting. Initially, the vomitus was food that he had recently eaten, but it is now bilious. He has had similar complaints several times in the past 6 years. He has smoked 1 pack of cigarettes daily for the past 25 years and dri... | D: Pancreatic pseudocyst |
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