instruction stringclasses 5
values | input stringlengths 10 4.2k | output stringlengths 1 7.16k |
|---|---|---|
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 21-year-old woman is brought to the clinic for evaluation by her brother. The patient’s brother says that, 3 days ago, the patient had put on her best pantsuit and makeup and insisted that she was returning to work and driving to Seattle to take over for the CEO of the Amazon Corporation. He says this was especiall... | E: Brief psychotic disorder |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 55-year-old man comes to the physician for a follow-up examination. During the past month, he has had mild itching. He has alcoholic cirrhosis, hypertension, and gastroesophageal reflux disease. He used to drink a pint of vodka and multiple beers daily but quit 4 months ago. Current medications include ramipril, es... | D: Repeat abdominal ultrasound in 6 months |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A newborn infant is born at 40 weeks gestation to a G1P1 mother. The pregnancy was uncomplicated and was followed by the patient's primary care physician. The mother has no past medical history and is currently taking a multi-vitamin, folate, B12, and iron. The infant is moving its limbs spontaneously and is crying. ... | B: Intramuscular (IM) vitamin K and topical erythromycin |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:Researchers are investigating a new strain of a virus that has been infecting children over the past season and causing dermatitis. They have isolated the virus and have run a number of tests to determine its structure and characteristics. They have found that this new virus has an outer coating that is high in phosp... | E: Herpesvirus |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 48-year-old woman is brought to the emergency department by her family at her psychiatrist's recommendation. According to her family, she has been more restless than her baseline over the past week. The patient herself complains that she feels her mind is racing. Her past medical history is significant for bipolar ... | B: Thyroid stimulating hormone and free thyroxine levels |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 42-year-old man with systolic heart failure secondary to amyloidosis undergoes heart transplantation. The donor heart is obtained from a 17-year-old boy who died in a motor vehicle collision. Examination of the donor heart during the procedure shows a flat, yellow-white discoloration with an irregular border on the... | A: Lipoprotein-laden macrophages |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 14-year-old boy is brought to the emergency department because of a 4-hour history of vomiting, lethargy, and confusion. Three days ago, he was treated with an over-the-counter medication for fever and runny nose. He is oriented only to person. His blood pressure is 100/70 mm Hg. Examination shows bilateral optic d... | A: Decreased uric acid elimination |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 53-year-old woman comes to the physician because of pain in her ankle. She twisted her right ankle inward when walking on uneven ground the previous day. She describes the pain as 6 out of 10 in intensity. She is able to bear weight on the ankle and ambulate. Three weeks ago, she had an episode of gastroenteritis t... | D: Microvascular damage |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 62-year-old man with a 5-year history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease comes to the physician for a follow-up examination. He has had episodic palpitations over the past week. His only medication is a tiotropium-formoterol inhaler. His pulse is 140/min and irregular, respirations are 17/min, and blood press... | D: Verapamil therapy |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 63-year-old woman comes to the physician with a 3-month history of progressively worsening right calf pain. She reports that the pain occurs after walking for about 10 minutes and resolves when she rests. She has hypertension and hyperlipidemia. She takes lisinopril and simvastatin daily. She has smoked two packs o... | E: Acute myocardial infarction " |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:An 11-month-old boy is brought to the physician for the evaluation of recurrent otitis media since birth. The patient’s immunizations are up-to-date. He is at the 5th percentile for height and weight. Physical examination shows multiple petechiae and several eczematous lesions over the scalp and extremities. The rema... | E: Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 65-year-old man with chronic myelogenous leukemia comes to the physician because of severe pain and swelling in both knees for the past day. He finished a cycle of chemotherapy 1 week ago. His temperature is 37.4°C (99.4°F). Physical examination shows swelling and erythema of both knees and the base of his left big... | A: Monosodium urate crystals |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:In translation, the wobble phenomenon is best illustrated by the fact that:? {'A': 'A tRNA with the UUU anticodon can bind to either AAA or AAG codons', 'B': 'There are more amino acids than possible codons', 'C': 'The last nucleotide provides specificity for the given amino acid', 'D': 'The genetic code is preserved... | A: A tRNA with the UUU anticodon can bind to either AAA or AAG codons |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 34-year-old primigravid woman at 8 weeks' gestation comes to the emergency department 4 hours after the onset of vaginal bleeding and crampy lower abdominal pain. She has passed multiple large and small blood clots. The vaginal bleeding and pain have decreased since their onset. Her temperature is 37°C (98.6°F), pu... | B: Complete abortion |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 6-year-old boy presents to his pediatrician accompanied by his mother for evaluation of a rash. The rash appeared a little over a week ago, and since that time the boy has felt tired. He is less interested in playing outside, preferring to remain indoors because his knees and stomach hurt. His past medical history ... | B: Leukocytoclastic vasculitis |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:An investigator is studying a drug that acts on a G protein-coupled receptor in the pituitary gland. Binding of the drug to this receptor leads to increased production of inositol triphosphate (IP3) in the basophilic cells of the anterior pituitary. Administration of this drug every 90 minutes is most likely to be be... | B: Anovulatory infertility |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 69-year-old male presents to his primary care provider for a general checkup. The patient currently has no complaints. He has a past medical history of diabetes mellitus type II, hypertension, depression, obesity, and a myocardial infarction seven years ago. The patient's prescribed medications are metoprolol, aspi... | B: Heart sound prior to S1 |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 17-year-old teenager is brought to the emergency department with severe bleeding from his right hand. He was involved in a gang fight about 30 minutes ago where he received a penetrating stab wound by a sharp knife in the region of the ‘anatomical snuffbox’. A vascular surgeon is called in for consultation. Damage ... | A: Radial artery |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 36-year-old woman comes to the gynecologist because of a 4-month history of irregular menstrual cycles. Menses occur at irregular 15 to 45-day intervals and last 1–2 days with minimal flow. She also reports a milk-like discharge from her nipples for 3 months, as well as a history of fatigue and muscle and joint pai... | D: Hypothyroidism |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 14-year-old girl presents to the emergency room complaining of abdominal pain. She was watching a movie 3 hours prior to presentation when she developed severe non-radiating right lower quadrant pain. The pain has worsened since it started. She also had non-bloody non-bilious emesis 1 hour ago and continues to feel... | E: Standardization |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 6-year-old boy is brought to the emergency department for acute intermittent umbilical abdominal pain and several episodes of nonbilious vomiting for 4 hours. The pain radiates to his right lower abdomen and occurs every 15–30 minutes. During these episodes of pain, the boy draws up his knees to the chest. He had t... | A: Meckel diverticulum |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 16-year-old female presents to the physician for delayed onset of menstruation. She reports that all of her friends have experienced their first menses, and she wonders whether “something is wrong with me.” The patient is a sophomore in high school and doing well in school. Her past medical history is significant f... | B: Karyotype analysis |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 23-year-old male comes to the physician because of a 2-week history of fatigue, muscle aches, and a dry cough. He has also had episodes of painful, bluish discoloration of the tips of his fingers, nose, and earlobes during this period. Three months ago, he joined the military and attended basic training in southern... | B: Mycoplasma pneumoniae |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 7-year-old boy is brought to the clinic by his parents due to right ear pain. For the past few days, the patient’s parents say he has had a low-grade fever, a runny nose, and has been frequently pulling on his left ear. Past medical history is significant for a similar episode one month ago for which he has prescri... | B: Inhibitor effect |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 4-year-old male presents to the pediatrician with a one week history of fever, several days of bloody diarrhea, and right-sided abdominal pain. The mother explains that several other children at his son's pre-K have been having similar symptoms. She heard the daycare owner had similar symptoms and may have her appe... | A: Yersinia enterocolitica |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 45-year-old man comes to the physician for the evaluation of limited mobility of his right hand for 1 year. The patient states he has had difficulty actively extending his right 4th and 5th fingers, and despite stretching exercises, his symptoms have progressed. He has type 2 diabetes mellitus. He has been working ... | A: Palmar fibromatosis |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 2-year-old boy is being evaluated for an autosomal-recessive condition that produces valine instead of glutamine in the β-globin gene. On further examination, the patient’s X-ray showed a crew cut appearance of the skull. Which of the following statements about his condition is false?? {'A': 'Complications are due ... | C: An individual needs 2 defective β-globin genes to have the sickle cell trait |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 7-year-old boy is brought to his pediatrician by his parents because of a new rash. The family immigrated from Laos one year ago and recently obtained health insurance. A week ago, the boy stated that he was “not feeling well” and asked to stay home from school. At the time, he starting having cough, nasal congesti... | A: CNS degeneration |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 41-year-old nulliparous woman, at 15 weeks' gestation comes to the emergency department because of an 8-hour history of light vaginal bleeding. She had a spontaneous abortion at 11 weeks' gestation 9 months ago. Vital signs are within normal limits. Abdominal examination is unremarkable. On pelvic examination, ther... | B: Theca lutein cysts |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 39-year-old pregnant woman at 16 weeks gestation recently underwent a quad-screen which revealed elevated beta-hCG, elevated inhibin A, decreased alpha-fetoprotein, and decreased estradiol. An ultrasound was performed which found increased nuchal translucency. Which of the following is recommended for diagnosis?? {... | B: Confirmatory amniocentesis and chromosomal analysis of the fetal cells |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:Four months after giving birth, a young woman presents to the hospital complaining of lack of breast milk secretion. The patient complains of constantly feeling tired. Physical exam reveals that she is slightly hypotensive and has lost a significant amount of weight since giving birth. The patient states that she has... | A: Obstetric hemorrage |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 64-year-old African American female comes to the physician’s office for a routine check-up. The patient’s past medical history is significant for hypertension, diabetes, and osteoarthritis in her right knee. Her medications include metformin, glimepiride, lisinopril, metoprolol, hydrochlorothiazide, and ibuprofen a... | D: Efferent arteriole |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 26-year-old primigravida woman presents to her obstetrician for her first prenatal visit. Her last menstrual cycle was 12 weeks ago. She denies tobacco, alcohol, illicit drug use, or history of sexually transmitted infections. She denies recent travel outside the country but is planning on visiting her family in Ca... | A: Influenza vaccination |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 38-year-old woman, gravida 2, para 1, at 32 weeks' gestation comes to the physician for a prenatal visit. Pregnancy and delivery of her first child were uncomplicated. She has type 1 diabetes mellitus treated with insulin. Her temperature is 37.2°C (99°F), pulse is 92/min, respirations are 16/min, and blood pressur... | E: Pulmonary hypoplasia |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A researcher is investigating the relationship between interleukin-1 (IL-1) levels and mortality in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) on hemodialysis. In 2017, 10 patients (patients 1–10) with ESRD on hemodialysis were recruited for a pilot study in which IL-1 levels were measured (mean = 88.1 pg/mL). In 2... | D: The median of IL-1 measurements is now larger than the mean. |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 68-year-old man presents to his primary care physician with pain that started after he visited his daughter as she moved into her new apartment. The patient states that the pain is likely related to all the traveling he has done and helping his daughter move and setup up furniture. The patient has a past medical hi... | A: NSAIDS and activity as tolerated |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A laboratory technician processes basic metabolic panels for two patients. Patient A is 18 years old and patient B is 83 years old. Neither patient takes any medications regularly. Serum laboratory studies show: Patient A Patient B Na+ (mEq/L) 145 141 K+ (mEq/L) 3.9 4.4 Cl- (mEq/L) 103 109 HCO3- (mEq/L) 22 21 BUN (mg... | B: Normal aging |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 55-year-old woman is being managed on the surgical floor after having a total abdominal hysterectomy as a definitive treatment for endometriosis. On day 1 after the operation, the patient complains of fevers. She has no other complaints other than aches and pains from lying in bed as she has not moved since the pro... | B: Inflammatory stimulus of surgery |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 63-year-old man presents to the clinic concerned about numbness in his bilateral shoulders and arms for the past 8 weeks. The symptoms started when he fell from scaffolding at work and landed on his back. Initial workup was benign and he returned to normal duty. However, his symptoms have progressively worsened sin... | B: Central cord syndrome |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 47-year-old woman comes to the physician because of body aches for the past 9 months. She also has stiffness of the shoulders and knees that is worse in the morning and tingling in the upper extremities. Examination shows marked tenderness over the posterior neck, bilateral mid trapezius, and medial aspect of the l... | C: Fibromyalgia |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 51-year-old man presents to the clinic with a history of hematuria and hemoptysis following pneumonia several weeks ago. He works as a hotel bellhop. His medical history is significant for gout, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, diabetes mellitus type II, and mild intellectual disability. He currently smokes 2 pa... | B: Type II–cytotoxic hypersensitivity reaction |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 57-year-old man presents to his oncologist to discuss management of small cell lung cancer. The patient is a lifelong smoker and was diagnosed with cancer 1 week ago. The patient states that the cancer was his fault for smoking and that there is "no hope now." He seems disinterested in discussing the treatment opti... | C: "It must be very challenging having received this diagnosis. I want to work with you to create a plan." |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 63-year-old woman comes to the emergency department because of a 1-day history of progressive blurring and darkening of her vision in the right eye. Upon waking up in the morning, she suddenly started seeing multiple dark streaks. She has migraines and type 2 diabetes mellitus diagnosed at her last health maintenan... | E: Vitreous hemorrhage |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 33-year-old man presents to the emergency department because of an episode of bloody emesis. He has had increasing dyspnea over the past 2 days. He was diagnosed with peptic ulcer disease last year. He has been on regular hemodialysis for the past 2 years because of end-stage renal disease. He skipped his last dial... | C: Hemodialysis |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 6-year-old boy is brought to the emergency department 12 hours after ingesting multiple pills. The patient complains of noise in both his ears for the past 10 hours. The patient’s vital signs are as follows: pulse rate, 136/min; respirations, 39/min; and blood pressure, 108/72 mm Hg. The physical examination reveal... | D: Supportive care |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 25-year-old man is scheduled for an orthopedic surgery. His routine preoperative laboratory tests are within normal limits. An urticarial reaction occurs when a non-depolarizing neuromuscular blocking agent is injected for muscle relaxation and mechanical ventilation. The patient’s lungs are manually ventilated wit... | C: D-tubocurarine |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 65-year-old woman arrives for her annual physical. She has no specific complaints. She has seasonal allergies and takes loratadine. She had a cholecystectomy 15 years ago. Her last menstrual period was 9 years ago. Both her mother and her maternal aunt had breast cancer. A physical examination is unremarkable. The ... | C: Raloxifene |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 62-year-old retired professor comes to the clinic with the complaints of back pain and increasing fatigue over the last 4 months. For the past week, his back pain seems to have worsened. It radiates to his legs and is burning in nature, 6/10 in intensity. There is no associated tingling sensation. He has lost 4.0 k... | E: Chemotherapy and autologous stem cell transplant |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 19-year-old man comes to the emergency department with sharp, left-sided chest pain and shortness of breath. He has no history of recent trauma. He does not smoke or use illicit drugs. He is 196 cm (6 feet 5 in) tall and weighs 70 kg (154 lb); BMI is 18 kg/m2. Examination shows reduced breath sounds over the left l... | D: Increased right-to-left shunting |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:Thirty minutes after delivery, a 1780-g (3-lb 15-oz) male newborn develops respiratory distress. He was born at 30 weeks' gestation via vaginal delivery. His temperature is 36.8C (98.2F), pulse is 140/min, respirations are 64/min, and blood pressure is 61/32 mm Hg. Pulse oximetry on room air shows an oxygen saturatio... | A: Respiratory distress syndrome |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 5-year-old boy presents for a regularly scheduled check-up. The child is wheelchair bound due to lower extremity paralysis and suffers from urinary incontinence. At birth, it was noted that the child had lower limbs of disproportionately small size in relation to the rest of his body. Radiograph imaging at birth al... | B: Uncontrolled maternal diabetes mellitus |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A mental health volunteer is interviewing locals as part of a community outreach program. A 46-year-old man discloses that he has felt sad for as long as he can remember. He feels as though his life is cursed and if something terrible can happen to him, it usually will. He has difficulty making decisions and feels ho... | A: The patient is at risk for double depression. |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:Five minutes after initiating a change of position and oxygen inhalation, the oxytocin infusion is discontinued. A repeat CTG that is done 10 minutes later shows recurrent variable decelerations and a total of 3 uterine contractions in 10 minutes. Which of the following is the most appropriate next step in management... | C: Amnioinfusion |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 3-month-old boy is brought to the pediatrician by his mother after she notices orange sand–like crystalline material in her child’s diaper. He is not currently taking any medication and is exclusively breastfed. His immunizations are up to date. The doctor tells the mother that her son may have an X-linked recessiv... | B: Xanthine oxidase |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 22-year-old man presents to clinic with a chief concern about a painless ulcer on his penis that he noticed 4 weeks ago and resolved one week ago. He denies any pain on urination or changes in urinary patterns. He admits to having multiple sexual partners in the past 3 months and inconsistent use of barrier protect... | B: D-Ala-D-Ala |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A biology student is studying apoptosis pathways. One of the experiments conducted involves the binding of a ligand to a CD95 receptor. A defect of this pathway will most likely cause which of the conditions listed below?? {'A': 'Follicular lymphoma', 'B': 'Leukocyte adhesion deficiency', 'C': 'Chédiak-Higashi syndro... | E: Autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 7-month-old boy is brought by his parents to the pediatrician’s office. His mother says the child has been weakening progressively and is not as active as he used to be when he was born. His condition seems to be getting worse, especially over the last month. He was born at 41 weeks through normal vaginal delivery.... | C: Hexosaminidase |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 34-year-old woman is brought to the emergency department because of a 3-hour history of weakness, agitation, and slurred speech. She speaks slowly with frequent breaks and has difficulty keeping her eyes open. Over the past three days, she has had a sore throat, a runny nose, and a low-grade fever. She says her eye... | D: Endotracheal intubation |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 63-year-old man is brought by his wife to the emergency department after he was found with nausea, headache, and agitation 1 hour ago. When the wife left their lakeside cabin earlier in the day to get more firewood, the patient did not have any symptoms. Vital signs are within normal limits. Pulse oximetry on room ... | C: Hyperbaric oxygen therapy |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A deficiency in which of the following lysosomal enzymes is inherited in a pattern similar to a deficiency of iduronate sulfatase (Hunter syndrome)?? {'A': 'Glucocerebrosidase', 'B': 'Sphingomyelinase', 'C': 'Alpha-galactosidase A', 'D': 'Galactocerebrosidase', 'E': 'Alpha-L-iduronidase'}, | C: Alpha-galactosidase A |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 46-year-old Caucasian female presents with cold intolerance, weight gain, and constipation. She has also noticed that her nails have become thinner recently but denies any fever or neck pain. Which of the following is NOT an expected histological finding in the thyroid?? {'A': 'Multinucleate giant cells', 'B': 'Lym... | A: Multinucleate giant cells |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 24-year-old man with a history of schizophrenia presents for follow-up. The patient says that he is still having paranoia and visual hallucinations on his latest atypical antipsychotic medication. Past medical history is significant for schizophrenia diagnosed 1 year ago that failed to be adequately controlled on 2... | C: Dopaminergic receptor antagonist |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 21-year-old man comes to the emergency department because of a 2-week history of progressive shortness of breath and intermittent cough with blood-tinged sputum. During this time, he has also noticed blood in his urine. He has no history of serious illness and does not take any medications. His temperature is 37°C ... | D: Autoimmune hemolytic anemia |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 7-year-old girl presents with fatigue, jaundice, pruritus, and frequent pale stools. She developed these symptoms gradually over the past 3 months. Her past medical history is significant for multiple episodes of bronchitis and pneumonia. When asked about current respiratory symptoms, she says that she sometimes fe... | A: Periodic acid-Schiff (PAS)-positive, diastase-resistant cytoplasmic granules in the hepatocytes |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 68-year-old man presents to his physician for symptoms of chronic weight loss, abdominal bloating, and loose stools. He notes that he has also been bothered by a chronic cough. The patient’s laboratory work-up includes a WBC differential, which is remarkable for an eosinophil count of 9%. Stool samples are obtained... | C: Strongyloides stercoralis |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 56-year-old man presents with feelings of anxiety and fatigue for the past 4 months. He says that he has also had some weight loss, as well as occasional double vision and a gritty sensation in his eyes for the last 2 months, which is worse at the end of the day. He has also noticed some painless swelling in his fi... | B: Autoantibody stimulation of a receptor |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:An endocervical swab is performed and nucleic acid amplification testing via polymerase chain reaction is conducted. It is positive for Chlamydia trachomatis and negative for Neisseria gonorrhoeae. Which of the following is the most appropriate pharmacotherapy?? {'A': 'Intravenous cefoxitin plus oral doxycycline', 'B... | D: Oral azithromycin |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 62-year-old man is referred to a gastroenterologist because of difficulty swallowing for the past 5 months. He has difficulty swallowing both solid and liquid foods, but there is no associated pain. He denies any shortness of breath or swelling in his legs. He immigrated from South America 10 years ago. He is a non... | A: Chagas disease |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 6-year-old boy is brought to the pediatrician by his mother after he reported having red urine. He has never experienced this before and did not eat anything unusual before the episode. His past medical history is notable for sensorineural deafness requiring hearing aids. He is otherwise healthy and enjoys being in... | D: X-linked dominant |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 67-year-old woman presents to her physician for a regular checkup. She is a community-dwelling, retired teacher without any smoking history. She has arterial hypertension and takes hydrochlorothiazide 12.5 mg and valsartan 80 mg daily. She was recently discharged from the hospital after admission for an ulnar fract... | C: Cholecalciferol |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 44-year-old woman presents to the emergency department with a headache, vertigo, confusion, and dyspnea. A relevant history cannot be obtained from the patient because she seems confused and gives incoherent responses to questions. Her husband says that she was cleaning the kitchen this morning until the curtains c... | C: Cyanide poisoning |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 46-year-old man is brought to the emergency department because of worsening confusion and weakness in his right arm and leg for 2 days. He has also had fever and headache that began 5 days ago. He has hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Current medications include metformin and lisinopril. His temperature is... | B: Acyclovir |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 28-year-old Caucasian woman presents to a local walk-in clinic with the complaint of pruritus and a salmon-colored scaling patch on her back. The patient stated that she developed a cold a couple of weeks ago and that her skin lesion has enlarged in the last week. The past medical history is unremarkable. The physi... | A: Pruritus control and reassurance |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 53-year-old man presents to the office for a routine examination. The medical history is significant for diabetes mellitus, for which he is taking metformin. The medical records show blood pressure readings from three separate visits to fall in the 130–160 mm Hg range for systolic and 90–100 mm Hg range for diastol... | B: Vasodilation, bladder sphincter relaxation, miosis |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 35-year-old man presents with pain in his feet during exercise and at rest. He says that his fingers and toes become pale upon exposure to cold temperatures. He has an extensive smoking history, but no history of diabetes mellitus nor hyperlipidemia. He used to exercise frequently but has stopped because of the sym... | E: Buerger's disease |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 45-year-old man is brought to the emergency department following a motor vehicle collision. He reports right hip pain and numbness along the right thigh. Physical examination shows decreased sensation to light touch over a small area of the proximal medial thigh. X-rays of the pelvis show a displaced pelvic ring fr... | E: Impaired adduction of the hip |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:Group of 100 medical students took an end of the year exam. The mean score on the exam was 70%, with a standard deviation of 25%. The professor states that a student's score must be within the 95% confidence interval of the mean to pass the exam. Which of the following is the minimum score a student can have to pass ... | A: 65% |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 27-year-old woman presents to her obstetrician for a regular follow-up appointment. The patient is 32 weeks pregnant. She has been followed throughout her pregnancy and has been compliant with care. The patient has a past medical history of a seizure disorder which is managed with valproic acid as well as anaphylax... | E: Penicillin |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 65-year-old man presents to his primary-care doctor for a 2-month history of dizziness. He describes feeling unsteady on his feet or like he's swaying from side-to-side; he's also occasionally had a room-spinning sensation. He first noticed it when he was in the front yard playing catch with his grandson, and he no... | C: Doppler ultrasound |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:An investigator studying the molecular characteristics of various malignant cell lines collects tissue samples from several families with a known mutation in the TP53 tumor suppressor gene. Immunohistochemical testing performed on one of the cell samples stains positive for desmin. This sample was most likely obtaine... | E: Rhabdomyosarcoma |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:An academic medical center in the United States is approached by a pharmaceutical company to run a small clinical trial to test the effectiveness of its new drug, compound X. The company wants to know if the measured hemoglobin a1c (Hba1c) of patients with type 2 diabetes receiving metformin and compound X would be l... | B: Type II error |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:An investigator performs a twin study to evaluate the effects of a novel drug that decreases serum glucose by inhibiting a transporter on the basolateral membrane of proximal convoluted tubule cells. The results of the study are shown. Test Control Serum glucose (mg/dL) 82.4 99 Dipstick urine glucose negative negativ... | A: Glutamine |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:An 18-month-old boy is brought to the doctor’s office for evaluation of abdominal pain. The boy looks emaciated and he is now significantly below his growth chart predicted weight. The family history is non-contributory. The vital signs are unremarkable. On physical examination, a non-tender mass is felt in the upper... | C: Elevation of vanillylmandelic acid in the urine |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 32-year-old woman presents with a three-month history of difficulty swallowing. She says that it occurs with both solids and liquids with the sensation that food is getting stuck in her throat. Additionally, the patient reports that while shoveling snow this past winter, she had noticed that her hands would lose th... | B: Anti-centromere antibodies |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 23-year-old man presents to the emergency department for altered mental status after a finishing a marathon. He has a past medical history of obesity and anxiety and is not currently taking any medications. His temperature is 104°F (40°C), blood pressure is 147/88 mmHg, pulse is 200/min, respirations are 33/min, an... | E: Normal saline |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A mother from rural Louisiana brings her 4-year-old son to a pediatrician. Her son is intellectually disabled, and she hopes that genetic testing will help determine the cause of her son's condition. She had previously been opposed to allowing physicians to treat her son, but his impulsive behavior and learning disab... | D: CGG on the sex chromosome X |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 31-year-old female undergoing treatment for leukemia is found to have a frontal lobe abscess accompanied by paranasal swelling. She additionally complains of headache, facial pain, and nasal discharge. Biopsy of the infected tissue would most likely reveal which of the following?? {'A': 'Yeast with pseudohyphae', '... | D: Irregular non-septate hyphae |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 39-year-old female presents to her gynecologist complaining of a breast lump. Two weeks ago, while performing a breast self-examination she noticed a small firm nodule in her left breast. She is otherwise healthy and takes no medications. Her family history is notable for a history of breast cancer in her mother an... | A: Serous cystadenocarcinoma |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:Please refer to the summary above to answer this question Further evaluation of this patient is most likely to show which of the following findings?" "Patient Information Age: 28 years Gender: F, self-identified Ethnicity: unspecified Site of Care: office History Reason for Visit/Chief Concern: “I'm not making breast... | D: Decreased serum oxytocin concentration |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 27-year-old school teacher visits her doctor because of disfiguring skin lesions that started to appear in the past few days. The lesions are mostly located on her chest, shoulders, and back. They are 2–5 mm in diameter, droplike, erythematous papules with fine silver scales. Besides a sore throat and laryngitis re... | A: Guttate psoriasis |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 57-year-old woman with non-small cell lung cancer comes to the physician 4 weeks after her tumor was resected. She takes no medications. The physician starts her on a treatment regimen that includes vinblastine. This treatment puts the patient at highest risk for which of the following?? {'A': 'Pulmonary embolism',... | E: Invasive fungal infection |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 9-month-old baby boy is brought to his pediatrician due to poor feeding and fewer bowel movements. His father notes that he has been less active and is having difficulty with movements such as rolling over. Vital signs are normal, and physical exam is notable for weak sucking reflex, ptosis, and decreased eye movem... | A: Inhibition of neurotransmitter release |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:Four days after undergoing a total abdominal hysterectomy for atypical endometrial hyperplasia, a 59 year-old woman reports abdominal bloating and discomfort. She has also had nausea without vomiting. She has no appetite despite not having eaten since the surgery and drinking only sips of water. Her postoperative pai... | C: Reduce use of opioid therapy |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 22-year-old woman is brought to the emergency department 20 minutes after being detained by campus police for attempting to steal from the bookstore. Her roommate says that the patient has been acting strangely over the last 2 weeks. She has not slept in 4 days and has painted her room twice in that time span. She ... | B: Haloperidol |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 28-year-old woman presents to her physician for follow-up. She was found to be HIV-positive 9 months ago. Currently she is on ART with lamivudine, tenofovir, and efavirenz. She has no complaints and only reports a history of mild respiratory infection since the last follow-up. She is also allergic to egg whites. He... | E: The patient can get any approved recombinant or inactivated vaccine, including ones produced with egg-based technology. |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 78-year-old man comes to the emergency department because of a 4-hour history of abdominal pain. Abdominal examination shows guarding with diffuse rebound tenderness. A CT scan of the abdomen shows an infrarenal abdominal aortic aneurysm that extends up to the level of the L4 vertebra and a partial filling defect i... | A: Splenic flexure, descending colon, and sigmoid colon |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A previously healthy 65-year-old man comes to the physician for chronic left-sided abdominal discomfort. About 3 months ago, he started experiencing early satiety and eating less. He has lost 7 kg (15.4 lb) during this period. He also occasionally has left shoulder pain. He recently retired from his job on a producti... | C: Thrombocytopenia |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 37-year-old G1P000 presents to her obstetrician for her first prenatal visit. She states that her last menstrual period (LMP) was 11 weeks ago, though she is unsure of the exact date as her periods are sometimes irregular. She and her husband had 5 months of timed, unprotected intercourse before she had a positive ... | C: Leiomyomata |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 49-year-old woman presents to the primary care physician with complaints of recurrent episodes of right upper abdominal pain for the past 2 years. She is currently symptom-free. She mentions that the pain often occurs after a heavy fatty meal and radiates to her right shoulder. On examination, the patient has no te... | C: Entrapped epithelial crypts seen as pockets of epithelium in the wall of the gallbladder |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 55-year-old woman comes to the physician because of a 6-month history of worsening fatigue. During this time, she has noted a decrease in her exercise capacity and she becomes short of breath when walking briskly. She has had occasional streaks of blood in her stools during periods of constipation. She was diagnose... | A: Decreased erythropoietin production |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.