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Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 45-year-old male presents to his primary care physician complaining of joint pain and stiffness. He reports progressively worsening pain and stiffness in his wrists and fingers bilaterally over the past six months that appears to improve in the afternoon and evening. His past medical history is notable for obesity ... | C: Citrullinated peptides |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 38-year-old man comes to the clinic complaining of recurrent abdominal pain for the past 2 months. He reports a gnawing, dull pain at the epigastric region that improves with oral ingestion. He has been taking calcium carbonate for the past few weeks; he claims that “it used to help a lot but it’s losing its effect... | C: Lack of submucosal Brunner glands |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:An investigator is studying the activity of N-terminal peptidase in eukaryotes. Sulfur-containing amino acids are radiolabeled and isolated using 35S. During translation of a non-mitochondrial human genome, some of the radiolabeled amino acids bind to the aminoacyl, peptidyl, and exit sites of a eukaryotic ribosome b... | B: 5'-CAU-3' |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 3-day-old female newborn delivered vaginally at 36 weeks to a 27-year-old woman has generalized convulsions lasting 3 minutes. Prior to the event, she was lethargic and had difficulty feeding. The infant has two healthy older siblings and the mother's immunizations are up-to-date. The infant appears icteric. The in... | E: Congenital Toxoplasma gondii infection |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 53-year-old man with a history of alcoholic liver cirrhosis was admitted to the hospital with ascites and general wasting. He has a history of 3-5 ounces of alcohol consumption per day for 20 years and 20-pack-year smoking history. Past medical history is significant for alcoholic cirrhosis of the liver, diagnosed ... | B: Esophageal branch of left gastric vein – esophageal branches of azygos vein |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 21-year-old man presents to the emergency room complaining of pain upon urination and a watery discharge from his penis. It started a few days ago and has been getting progressively worse. His temperature is 98.0°F (36.7°C), blood pressure is 122/74 mmHg, pulse is 83/min, respirations are 14/min, and oxygen saturat... | A: Chlamydia trachomatis |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 9-year-old girl is brought to the pediatrician by her mother who reports that the girl has been complaining of genital itching over the past few days. She states she has noticed her daughter scratching her buttocks and anus for the past week; however, now she is scratching her groin quite profusely as well. The mot... | B: Enterobius vermicularis |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:Replication in eukaryotic cells is a highly organized and accurate process. The process involves a number enzymes such as primase, DNA polymerase, topoisomerase II, and DNA ligase. In which of the following directions is DNA newly synthesized?? {'A': "3' --> 5'", 'B': "5' --> 3'", 'C': "3' --> 5' & 5' --> 3'", 'D': '... | B: 5' --> 3' |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A researcher is designing an experiment to examine the toxicity of a new chemotherapeutic agent in mice. She splits the mice into 2 groups, one of which she exposes to daily injections of the drug for 1 week. The other group is not exposed to any intervention. Both groups are otherwise raised in the same conditions w... | A: 12.5 |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 24-year-old woman presents to the emergency department for evaluation of lower abdominal pain. She endorses 6 hours of progressively worsening pain. She denies any significant past medical history and her physical examination is positive for non-specific, diffuse pelvic discomfort. She denies the possibility of pre... | D: Serum hCG |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 32-year-old man presents to his primary care physician because he has been experiencing intermittent episodes of squeezing chest pain and tightness. He says that the pain is 8/10 in severity, radiates to his left arm, and does not appear to be associated with activity. The episodes started 3 months ago and have bee... | A: Adenosine |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 63-year-old man who recently immigrated to the United States from Indonesia comes to the physician because of worsening shortness of breath and swollen extremities for the past 3 months. He has had a 4-kg (8.8-lb) weight loss and intermittent fevers over the last 6 months. Examination shows pitting pedal edema and ... | B: Pericardial knock |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 30-year-old computer scientist receives negative feedback on a recent project from his senior associate. He is told sternly that he must improve his performance on the next project. Later that day, he yells at his intern, a college student, for not showing enough initiative, though he had voiced only satisfaction w... | B: Displacement |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 27-year-old diabetic male rushes to the emergency department after finding his blood glucose level to be 492 mg/dL which is reconfirmed in the ED. He currently does not have any complaints except for a mild colicky abdominal pain. His temperature is 37°C (98.6°F), respirations are 15/min, pulse is 67/min, and blood... | D: Papilledema |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 70-year-old male presents to his primary care provider complaining of decreased sexual function. He reports that over the past several years, he has noted a gradual decline in his ability to sustain an erection. He used to wake up with erections but no longer does. His past medical history is notable for diabetes, ... | E: Decrease cGMP degradation |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 37-year-old man with Crohn disease is admitted to the hospital because of acute small bowel obstruction. Endoscopy shows a stricture in the terminal ileum. The ileum is surgically resected after endoscopic balloon dilatation fails to relieve the obstruction. Three years later, he returns for a follow-up examination... | A: Weakness and ataxia |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 52-year-old woman presents to the emergency department with breathlessness for the past 6 hours. She denies cough, nasal congestion or discharge, sneezing, blood in sputum, or palpitation. There is no past history of chronic respiratory or cardiovascular medical conditions, but she mentions that she has been experi... | D: Alveolar hyperventilation |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 24-year-old woman comes to the physician because of progressively worsening episodes of severe, crampy abdominal pain and nonbloody diarrhea for the past 3 years. Examination of the abdomen shows mild distension and generalized tenderness. There is a fistula draining stool in the perianal region. Immunohistochemist... | C: NF-κB |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 35-year-old man presents with yellow discoloration of his eyes and skin for the past week. He also says he has pain in the right upper quadrant for the past few days. He is fatigued constantly and has recently developed acute onset itching all over his body. The patient denies any allergies. Past medical history is... | B: Primary sclerosing cholangitis |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 42-year-old man presents to the physician with a painful ulcer in the mouth for 1 week. He has had similar episodes of ulcers over the past year. Every episode lasts about a week and heals without leaving a scar. He has also had similar ulcers on the scrotum, but the ulcers have left scars. He takes no medications.... | A: Uveitis |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 48-year-old man presents to the ER with a sudden-onset, severe headache. He is vomiting and appears confused. His wife, who accompanied him, says that he has not had any trauma, and that the patient has no relevant family history. He undergoes a non-contrast head CT that shows blood between the arachnoid and pia ma... | B: Arterial Vasospasm |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 25-year-old man presents to his primary care physician for recurrent headaches. The patient states that the headaches have been going on for the past week, and he is concerned that he may have cancer. Based on his symptoms, he strongly believes that he needs further diagnostic workup. The patient works as a nurse a... | C: Fluoxetine |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 54-year-old woman is brought to the emergency department by a nurse 30 minutes after receiving scheduled radiation therapy for papillary thyroid cancer. After the radioisotope was ingested, the physician realized that a much larger fixed dose was given instead of the appropriate dose based on radiation dosimetry. W... | C: Potassium iodide |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 37-year-old man is brought into the emergency department as he was wandering the streets naked with a sword. The patient had to be forcibly restrained by police and is currently combative. Upon calming the patient and obtaining further history, the patient states that he is being pursued and that he needs to kill t... | D: Fluphenazine |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 15-year-old boy is referred to a child psychologist because of worsening behavior and constant disruption in class. He has received multiple reprimands in the past 6 months for not doing the homework his teacher assigned, and he refuses to listen to the classroom instructions. Additionally, his teachers say he is v... | E: Oppositional defiant disorder |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 33-year-old HIV-positive male is seen in clinic for follow-up care. When asked if he has been adhering to his HIV medications, the patient exclaims that he has been depressed, thus causing him to not take his medication for six months. His CD4+ count is now 33 cells/mm3. What medication(s) should he take in additio... | C: Azithromycin and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 25-year-old G1P0 at 20 weeks of gestation woman arrives at a prenatal appointment complaining of pelvic pressure. She has had an uncomplicated pregnancy thus far. She takes prenatal vitamins and eats a well-balanced diet. Her medical history is significant for major depressive disorder that has been well-controlled... | E: Vaginal progesterone |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 31-year-old woman comes to the emergency department requesting an abortion. She hears voices telling her that she needs ""to undergo a cleanse."" She experiences daytime sleepiness because she repeatedly wakes up at night. She says that she is no longer interested in activities that she used to enjoy. About 2 month... | A: Clozapine therapy |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 34-year-old man comes to the physician because of foul-smelling diarrhea, fatigue, and bloating for 6 months. During this time, he has had a 5-kg (11-lb) weight loss without a change in diet. He has type 1 diabetes mellitus that is well-controlled with insulin. Examination shows conjunctival pallor and inflammation... | B: Avoidance of certain types of cereal grains |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 55-year-old man presents to his primary care physician for trouble swallowing. The patient claims that he used to struggle when eating food if he did not chew it thoroughly, but now he occasionally struggles with liquids as well. He also complains of a retrosternal burning sensation whenever he eats. He also claims... | C: Endoscopy |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 63-year-old man comes to the physician because of a 2-day history of fever and blood-tinged sputum. He has also had a productive cough for 1 year and has had 3 episodes of sinusitis during this time. Physical examination shows palpable erythematous skin lesions over his hands and feet that do not blanch on pressure... | E: Elevated c-ANCA titers |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 35-year-old man is brought into the emergency department by emergency medical services with his right hand wrapped in bloody bandages. The patient states that he is a carpenter and was cutting some wood for a home renovation project when he looked away and injured one of his digits with a circular table saw. He sta... | D: In a sterile plastic bag wrapped in saline moistened gauze on ice |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 22-year-old female presents to your office with gas, abdominal distention, and explosive diarrhea. She normally enjoys eating cheese but has been experiencing these symptoms after eating it for the past few months. She has otherwise been entirely well except for a few days of nausea, diarrhea, and vomiting earlier ... | B: Decreased stool pH |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 12-year-old boy is brought to the emergency department with a hot, swollen, and painful knee. He was playing with his friends and accidentally bumped into one of them with his knee prior to presentation. His medical history is significant for an immunodeficiency syndrome, and he has been treated with long courses o... | D: Protein C |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 36-year-old woman comes to the physician for an annual pelvic examination and Pap smear. Her last Pap smear was 3 years ago. She has been sexually active with multiple male partners and takes an oral contraceptive. She has smoked one pack of cigarettes daily for 10 years. Pelvic examination shows no abnormalities. ... | C: Condylomata acuminata |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 4-year-old boy is brought to the physician by his parents because of concerns about his behavior during the past year. His parents report that he often fails to answer when they call him and has regular unprovoked episodes of crying and screaming. At kindergarten, he can follow and participate in group activities, ... | B: Hearing impairment |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 30-year-old woman presents to her primary care physician for evaluation of irregular and heavy periods. She also complains of recent fatigue, joint pain, and constipation. Physical exam is notable for thinning eyebrows and recent weight gain. Her temperature is 98.0°F (36.7°C), blood pressure is 140/90 mmHg, 51/min... | D: Thyroid lymphoma |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 9-year-old African-American boy is brought to the physician by his mother because of an itchy rash on the right side of his scalp and progressive loss of hair for 1 month. He has no history of serious illness. His younger sibling was treated for pediculosis capitis 3 months ago. The boy attends elementary school, b... | C: Oral griseofulvin |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 13-year-old boy is brought to the physician by his mother because she is concerned about her son's behavior. She reports that he has been wearing her dresses at home and asks to be called Lilly. He also stopped going to swim class because he “doesn't feel comfortable in swim trunks.” Since starting puberty about a ... | D: Gender dysphoria |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 42-year-old woman comes to her primary care physician with 2 days of fever and malaise. She also says that she has a painful red lesion on her left hand that she noticed after shucking oysters at a recent family reunion. Physical exam reveals a well-demarcated swollen, tender, warm, red lesion on her left hand. Pre... | C: Gram-negative facultative anaerobe |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 10-year-old boy is brought to the emergency room after a fall from a horse. He has severe pain in his right forearm. He has a history of asthma and atopic dermatitis. His current medications include an albuterol inhaler and hydrocortisone cream. Examination shows an open fracture of the right forearm and no other i... | D: Administer intramuscular epinephrine |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 25-year-old man presents to the emergency department after numerous episodes of vomiting. The patient states that he thinks he ‘ate something weird’ and has been vomiting for the past 48 hours. He says that he came to the hospital because the last few times he "threw up blood". He is hypotensive with a blood pressu... | E: Mallory-Weiss tear |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A child is born by routine delivery and quickly develops respiratory distress. He is noted to have epicanthal folds, low-set ears that are pressed against his head, widely set eyes, a broad, flat nose, clubbed fleet, and a receding chin. The mother had one prenatal visit, at which time the routine ultrasound revealed... | B: Bilateral renal agenesis |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 27-year-old primigravid woman at 32 weeks' gestation comes to the physician for a prenatal visit. She has had swollen legs, mild shortness of breath, and generalized fatigue for the past 2 weeks. Medications include iron supplements and a multivitamin. Her temperature is 37.2°C (99°F), pulse is 93/min, respirations... | E: Reassurance and monitoring " |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 34-year-old primigravida was brought to an obstetric clinic with a chief complaint of painless vaginal bleeding. She was diagnosed with placenta praevia and transfused with 2 units of whole blood. Five hours after the transfusion, she developed a fever and chills. How could the current situation be prevented?? {'A'... | D: Transfusing leukocyte reduced blood products |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A previously healthy 6-year-old boy is brought to the physician because of a 3-day history of progressive rash. The rash started on his face and now involves the entire body. For the past week, he has had a cough and a runny nose. He is visiting from the Philippines with his family. He is in first grade and spends hi... | C: Measles-specific IgM antibodies |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:An investigator is studying bacterial toxins in a nonpathogenic bacterial monoculture that has been inoculated with specific bacteriophages. These phages were previously cultured in a toxin-producing bacterial culture. After inoculation, a new toxin is isolated from the culture. Genetic sequencing shows that the bact... | B: Corynebacterium diphtheriae |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 35-year-old patient is brought into the emergency department post motor vehicle crash. Stabilization of the patient in the trauma bay requires endotracheal intubation. The patient has a laceration on the femoral artery from shrapnel and seems to have lost large quantities of blood. The patient is transfused with 13... | A: Fresh frozen plasma and platelets |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 42-year-old woman comes to the physician because of urinary leakage over the last year. She reports involuntarily losing small amounts of urine after experiencing a sudden need to void. She has difficulty making it to the bathroom in time, and only feels comfortable going out into public if she has documented the l... | A: Antagonism of muscarinic M3 receptors |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:Prior to undergoing a total knee arthroplasty, a 62-year-old man with coronary artery disease undergoes diagnostic cardiac catheterization. The catheter is inserted via the femoral artery and then advanced to the ascending aorta. Pressure tracing of the catheter is shown. The peak marked by the arrow is most likely c... | C: Closure of the aortic valve |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 43-year-old woman comes to the physician because of a fever, nausea, and a nonproductive cough for 7 days. During this period, she has had headaches, generalized fatigue, and muscle and joint pain. She has also had increasing shortness of breath for 2 days. She has type 2 diabetes mellitus and osteoarthritis of her... | D: Mycoplasma pneumoniae |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 4-year-old boy is brought by his mother to the emergency room after the child was bitten by a rattlesnake one hour prior to presentation. The child was reportedly playing in the backyard alone when his mother heard the child scream. She rushed out to her child and found a snake with a rattle on its tail slithering ... | C: Antibody-antigen complex deposition |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 78-year-old woman is brought by her grandson to the urgent care clinic following a fall. He states that he was in the kitchen making lunch when he heard a thud in the living room. When he ran into the room, he found the patient conscious but lying on the floor. The patient says she remembers getting up to go to the... | B: Decreased fractional excretion of sodium |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A previously healthy 66-year-old woman comes to the physician because of a 3-day history of fever, cough, and right-sided chest pain. Her temperature is 38.8°C (101.8°F) and respirations are 24/min. Physical examination shows dullness to percussion, increased tactile fremitus, and egophony in the right lower lung fie... | D: Consolidation of a lung segment |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 12-year-old boy is found on a routine auditory screening to have mild high frequency hearing impairment. On exam, he has no ear pain, no focal neurological deficits, and no cardiac murmurs. He has not had any recent illness. Laboratory studies show: Serum: Creatinine: 0.7 mg/dl Protein: 3.8 g/dl Antistreptolysin O ... | A: “Basket-weave” pattern of basement membrane on electron microscopy |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 61-year-old woman comes to the physician because of a 1-week history of dizziness, nausea, vomiting, and repeated falls. Neurologic examination shows past-pointing on a finger-nose test. She has a broad-based gait. Ophthalmologic exam shows rhythmic leftward movement of the globes. A serum antibody assay is positiv... | C: Breast cancer |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 42-year-old man is brought to the emergency department by the police after he was involved in a physical altercation at a friend’s home. Upon physical examination, the patient is disheveled. He is very agitated and actively strikes out at nurses and other hospital staff. A decision is made to place him in restraint... | E: Sudden cardiac arrest |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 32-year-old man is brought to the emergency department 15 minutes after falling 7 feet onto a flat-top wooden post. On arrival, he is in severe pain and breathing rapidly. His pulse is 135/min, respirations are 30/min, and blood pressure is 80/40 mm Hg. There is an impact wound in the left fourth intercostal space ... | E: Hemothorax |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 66-year-old man is transferred to from another hospital after 3 days of progressively severe headache, vomiting, low-grade fever, and confusion. According to his partner, the patient has been dealing with some memory loss and complaining about headaches for the past 2 weeks. He has a history of interstitial pulmona... | D: Aspect: cloudy, opening pressure: ↑, cell count: ↑ lymphocytes, protein: ↑, glucose: ↓ |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 56-year-old woman comes to the emergency department because of worsening pain and swelling in her right knee for 3 days. She underwent a total knee arthroplasty of her right knee joint 5 months ago. The procedure and immediate aftermath were uneventful. She has hypertension and osteoarthritis. Current medications i... | B: Staphylococcus epidermidis |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 52-year-old woman presents to the urgent care center with several hours of worsening abdominal discomfort that radiates to the back. The patient also complains of malaise, chills, nausea, and vomiting. Social history is notable for alcoholism. On physical exam, she is febrile to 39.5°C (103.1℉), and she is diffusel... | C: Gallstone pancreatitis |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 32-year-old man and his wife are sent to a fertility specialist after trying to conceive for several years without success. They have had unprotected sex several times a week. He has no history of a serious illness and does not take any medications. There are no concerns about his libido or erections. His female pa... | C: Microsurgical varicocelectomy |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:An 80-year-old man presents to the emergency department because of gnawing substernal chest pain that started an hour ago and radiates to his neck and left jaw. A 12-lead ECG is obtained and shows ST-segment elevation with newly developing Q waves. He is admitted for treatment. 4 days after hospitalization he suddenl... | C: Compression of heart chambers by blood in the pericardial space |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 72-year-old man is admitted to the hospital with productive cough and fever. A chest radiograph is obtained and shows lobar consolidation. The patient is diagnosed with pneumonia. He has a history of penicillin allergy. The attending physician orders IV levofloxacin as empiric therapy. On morning rounds the next da... | E: Switch the patient back to levofloxacin and discuss the error with the patient |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 49-year-old man is diagnosed with hypertension. He has asthma. The creatinine and potassium levels are both slightly elevated. Which of the following anti-hypertensive drugs would be appropriate in his case?? {'A': 'Amlodipine', 'B': 'Propranolol', 'C': 'Enalapril', 'D': 'Hydrochlorothiazide (HCT)', 'E': 'Spironola... | A: Amlodipine |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 5-year-old girl is brought to the physician because of watery discharge from her right eye for 2 weeks. She and her parents, who are refugees from Sudan, arrived in Texas a month ago. Her immunization status is not known. She is at the 25th percentile for weight and the 50th percentile for height. Her temperature i... | E: Trachoma conjunctivitis |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 52-year-old Caucasian man with hypertension comes to the physician because of frequent urination and increased thirst. He drinks 4 oz of alcohol daily and has smoked 1 pack of cigarettes daily for the past 30 years. He is 180 cm (5 ft 10 in) tall and weighs 106 kg (233 lb); BMI is 33 kg/m2. His blood pressure is 13... | C: High calorie diet |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 45-year-old man presents for his annual checkup. The patient has a past medical history of diabetes mellitus (DM) type 2 that is well-controlled with diet. In addition, he was admitted to this hospital 1-year ago for a myocardial infarction (MI). The patient reports a 40-pack-year smoking history. However, after hi... | A: Maintenance |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:One week after discharge from the neonatal intensive care unit to a regular pediatric ward, a 1450-g (3-lb 1-oz) male infant has respiratory distress and wheezing. After birth, the patient was intubated and mechanically ventilated for 3 weeks because of hypoxia. He required a 60% fraction of inspired oxygen to achiev... | B: Bronchopulmonary dysplasia |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 19-year-old woman comes to the physician because of a 1-year history of severe abdominal pain, bloating, and episodic diarrhea. She has also has a 10-kg (22-lb) weight loss over the past 10 months. Physical examination shows a mildly distended abdomen, diffuse abdominal tenderness, and multiple erythematous, tender... | E: Transmural inflammation |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 21-year-old woman presents with palpitations and anxiety. She had a recent outpatient ECG that was suggestive of supraventricular tachycardia, but her previous physician failed to find any underlying disease. No other significant past medical history. Her vital signs include blood pressure 102/65 mm Hg, pulse 120/m... | C: Length of PR interval |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 27-year-old is going through a pre-employment evaluation. The patient has no history of any medical conditions, but there is a strong family history of ischemic heart disease on his father’s side. The patient drinks alcohol occasionally but does not use any illicit drugs or smoke. On examination, the physician noti... | A: Fibrillin defect |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:Three hours after undergoing left hip arthroplasty for chronic hip pain, a 62-year-old man complains of a prickling sensation in his left anteromedial thigh and lower leg. He has never had these symptoms before. He has hyperlipidemia and coronary artery disease. He has had recent right-sided gluteal and thigh pain wi... | B: Femoral nerve injury |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 46-year-old woman presents to your office with oral lesions as shown in Image A. On examination, you find that her back has flaccid bullae that spread when you apply lateral pressure with your fingertips. This patient most likely has autoantibodies directed against which of the following?? {'A': 'Desmosomes', 'B': ... | A: Desmosomes |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 23-year-old G1P0 female presents to her OB/GYN for her routine 36-week visit. Her current complaints include increased fatigue at the end of the day, and edema in her ankles. The patient’s physical examination is unremarkable except for inguinal adenopathy. Upon pelvic examination for cervical changes, the OB/GYN n... | A: Primary syphilis |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 73-year-old man is brought to the emergency department because of fever, headaches, and confusion for the past 24 hours. Three years ago, he underwent heart transplantation because of congestive heart failure. His temperature is 38.1°C (100.5°F). He is oriented only to person. Physical examination shows nuchal rigi... | D: Ampicillin |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 23-year-old primigravid woman comes to the physician at 28 weeks' gestation for a prenatal visit. Over the past 2 months, she has developed a hoarse voice and facial hair. Her medications include iron and a multivitamin. The last fetal ultrasonography, performed at 21 weeks' gestation, was unremarkable. Vital signs... | D: Monitoring |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 4-year-old girl is brought to the physician for a painless lump on her neck. She has no history of serious illness and her vital signs are within normal limits. On examination, there is a firm, 2-cm swelling at the midline just below the level of the hyoid bone. The mass moves cranially when she is asked to protrud... | A: Thyroglossal cyst |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A researcher is studying the effects of hormones on different cells within the ovarian follicle. She adds follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) to a culture of ovarian follicle cells. She then measures the activity levels of different enzymes within the cells. Which enzyme and ovarian cell type would be expected to be s... | C: Aromatase; granulosa cell |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:To prepare for an endoscopy, a 27-year-old male was asked by the gastroenterologist to fast overnight for his 12 p.m. appointment the next day. Therefore, his last meal was dinner at 5 p.m. the day before the appointment. By 12 p.m. the day of the appointment, his primary source of glucose was being generated from gl... | C: Pyruvate to oxaloacetate |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 29-year-old female visits her gynecologist because of an inability to conceive with her husband. Past medical history reveals that she has been amenorrheic for several months, and she complains of frequent white nipple discharge. Urine tests for beta-HCG are negative. A receptor agonist for which of the following n... | B: Dopamine |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 21-year-old woman is brought by her mother to a psychiatrist due to concerns about her behavior. The patient’s mother tells the psychiatrist that she believes that a famous Hollywood celebrity actor loves her and will marry her. When the patient is asked about this, she says that she attended a function at which th... | A: Delusional disorder |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 53-year-old woman visits her physician with complaints of shortness of breath and fatigue over the last few weeks. Her past medical history includes hypertension diagnosed 20 years ago. She takes hydrochlorothiazide and losartan daily. Her mother died at the age of 54 from a stroke, and both of her grandparents suf... | A: Ejection fraction: 40% with increased left ventricular wall thickness |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 28-year-old female comes to the emergency department complaining of heart palpitations. She has had multiple episodes of these in the past few months. She has found that if she wears tight clothing then sometimes these episodes will stop spontaneously. On presentation to the ED, she feels like her heart is pounding... | D: Glossopharyngeal |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 45-year-old woman presents to the clinic with a variety of complaints on different areas of her body, including telangiectasias on both the upper and lower extremities, bluish discoloration of the fingertips when exposed to cold, and burning midsternal chest pain. She is a tobacco smoker and works as a school teach... | B: Erythematous periorbital rash |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 23-year-old active college student has a sudden loss of consciousness 40 minutes after he was playing basketball with his team. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation is administered by bystanders. On arrival of emergency medical professionals, he regains his consciousness. He has no past medical history. He does not smoke ... | D: Metoprolol |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 33-year-old woman comes to the clinic for a follow-up visit after recently starting high dose corticosteroids for a newly diagnosed autoimmune condition. She was first evaluated a month ago due to fatigue, muscle weakness, and a scaly rash on both hands. On examination, muscle strength was rated 2 out of 5 in the u... | A: Breast cancer |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 2-year-old boy is brought to a pediatrician because his parents have noticed that he seems to be getting tired very easily at home. Specifically, they have noticed that he is often panting for breath after walking around the house for a few minutes and that he needs to take naps fairly often throughout the day. He ... | C: LV: normal, RV: increased, SC: normal |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 21-year-old woman comes to the physician for an annual health maintenance examination. She has no particular health concerns. Laboratory studies show: Hemoglobin 11.2 g/dL Mean corpuscular volume 74 μm3 Mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration 30% Hb/cell Red cell distribution width 14% (N=13–15) Genetic analysis ... | E: Small nuclear ribonucleoprotein |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 68-year-old male is brought to his primary care physician by his wife who is concerned that the patient seems more confused and irritable than usual. Three months ago, she started noticing that he appeared confused while doing simple tasks and seemed to be off balance. He has fallen several times over that time per... | A: Accumulations of beta-pleated sheets |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 14-year-old girl presents with pain in the right lower quadrant of her abdomen. She describes the pain as sudden, severe, colicky, and associated with nausea and vomiting. Physical exam reveals tachycardia and severe tenderness to palpation with rebound in the right iliac region. Emergency laparotomy is performed w... | E: Phagocytosis |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 44-year-old female is admitted to the neurological service. You examine her chart and note that after admission she was started on nimodipine. Which of the following pathologies would benefit from this pharmacologic therapy?? {'A': 'Pseudotumor cerebri', 'B': 'Thromboembolic stroke', 'C': 'Epidural hematoma', 'D': ... | E: Subarachnoid hemorrhage |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 47-year-old man presents to the emergency department with jaundice and extreme fatigue for the past 4 days. He also noticed that his stool is very pale and urine is dark. Past medical history is unremarkable. The review of systems is significant for a 23 kg (50 lb) weight loss over the last 3 months which he says i... | D: Candida parapsilosis |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 6-year-old boy is brought to the physician because of headache, cough, runny nose, and a low-grade fever since waking up that morning. He has been healthy except for a urinary tract infection one week ago that has resolved with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole therapy. Both parents have a history of allergic rhinitis.... | A: Medication side effect |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 16-year-old male is brought to the clinic by his mother for the complaints of fever, nonproductive cough, fatigue, lack of appetite, and sore throat for the past 2 months. Several other students at his high school have had similar symptoms. Physical exam shows a whitish membrane in his oropharynx, bilateral enlarge... | E: Monospot test |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:Pancreatic islets were isolated from a healthy, non-diabetic donor to perform an experiment to look at insulin secretion inhibition. Compounds would be added to separate wells containing the islets bathed in a high glucose solution for one hour. After one hour, the supernatant would be collected, and the insulin cont... | D: Clonidine |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:Five days after being admitted to the hospital for an open cholecystectomy, a 56-year-old woman develops difficulty breathing. She also has fevers, chills, and malaise. She has a cough productive of minimal amounts of yellowish-white sputum that started two days prior. She has type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension, ... | D: Intravenous vancomycin and cefepime |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 23-year-old man comes to the physician because of lightening of his skin on both hands, under his eyes, and on his neck for 2 years. During this period the lesions slowly grew in size. There is no itchiness or pain. He regularly visits his family in India. Vital signs are within normal limits. Examination shows sha... | C: Elevated anti-TPO antibody levels |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 50-year-old man comes to the physician because of diffuse weakness for the past several months. There is an anterior mediastinal mass on a lateral x-ray of the chest that was performed as part of a pre-employment medical evaluation. He has gastroesophageal reflux disease. His only medication is rabeprazole. He is 1... | C: Acetylcholine receptor antibodies |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 67-year-old woman presents with progressive shortness of breath, lower extremity swelling, and early satiety. These symptoms started 4 months ago and have been progressively worsening. She has had type 2 diabetes mellitus for 25 years and hypertension for 15 years; for these, she takes metformin and captopril. She ... | B: Right-ventricular dilatation with subsequent functional tricuspid valve dysfunction |
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