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1,314,259,996,863 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Supersymmetric (SUSY) extensions of the Standard Model (SM) have long been considered attractive candidates for physics beyond the Standard Model (BSM). In their simplest realization they solve the hierarchy problem, have a dark matter candidate and predict gauge coupling unification. As such, su... |
1,314,259,996,864 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Investigations into the behaviour of stars in globular clusters (GCs) have unearthed peculiarities that are not consistent with the expected behaviour of bound stars. These include extended structure surrounding clusters (\citealt{Grillmair1995}; \citealt{Kuzma2016}) and unusual surface density p... |
1,314,259,996,865 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The problems of dislocation
dynamics, especially nonlinear one,
and defects in crystals are
still of high interest
\cite{Sudzuki,ChCh96,GI:FMM,Sugakov,Natsik}.
Among them there is well-known
effect of acoustic waves on ionic crystals
(mainly, semiconductors) which is studied
and investigat... |
1,314,259,996,866 | arxiv | \section{Introduction and main results}\label{s1}
\setcounter{equation}{0}
\noindent
A Frobenius manifold comes equipped locally with a potential.
If one gives a definition which does not mention this potential
explicitly, one nevertheless obtains it immediately by the following
elementary fact: Let $z_i$ be the coor... |
1,314,259,996,867 | arxiv |
\section{Conclusions}\label{sec:conc}
\begin{table*}
\mbox{}\hfill
\scalebox{0.9}{\input{resume}}
\hfill\mbox{}
\caption{Summary of the known complexities of query containment for several Datalog fragments; sources for each claim
are shown in square brackets, using $\setminus$ to separate sources for lower and upper... |
1,314,259,996,868 | arxiv | \section{Background and Related Work}
\subsection{Secure Aggregation}
\emph{Secure aggregation} protocols are secure multiparty computation
(MPC)~\cite{evans2017pragmatic} protocols that allow a set of clients
to work with a central server to aggregate their secret inputs,
revealing only the final aggregated resul... |
1,314,259,996,869 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Let $X\subset\P^3$ be a nonsingular projective cubic surface
over a field~$k$ of characteristic zero. An \emph{elliptic
fibration on~$X$}, sometimes called an \emph{elliptic fibration
birational to~$X$}, is a dominant rational map $\phi\colon X\dashrightarrow B$
to a normal variety~$B$, where $... |
1,314,259,996,870 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Nonlinear Optimal Control Problems (OCPs) are critical to solve to obtain high performance in many engineering applications. For example, model predictive control (MPC) requires an OCP being solved in every control loop \cite{Bemporad2000}, while kinodynamic motion planners rely on solving OCPs b... |
1,314,259,996,871 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\begin{tikzpicture}[overlay, remember picture]
\node[red, yshift=-20mm, anchor=north, text width=115mm] at (current page.north) {
\textbf{Preprint} version. Please consult the final version of record instead:
\\
Lars Lenssen, Erich Schubert:
Clustering by Direct Optimization of the Medoid Silhoue... |
1,314,259,996,872 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The current state of Machine Learning research presents Neural Networks as black boxes due to the high dimensionality of their parameter space, which means that understanding what is happening inside of a model regarding domain expertise is highly nontrivial, when it is even possible. However,... |
1,314,259,996,873 | arxiv | \section{Introduction and Our Central Results}
In recent works \cite{McLerran:2007qj,Hidaka:2008yy,Glozman:2007tv,%
Fukushima:2008wg,Andronic:2009gj,Kojo:2011fh},
it has been argued that there is a new state of QCD, Quarkyonic matter, at high
baryon density and low to intermediate temperatures.
This novel state exists... |
1,314,259,996,874 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Basic process algebra (BPA)~\cite{Baeten:1991:PA:103272} is a fundamental model of infinite state systems, with its famous counterpart in the theory of formal languages: context free grammars in Greibach normal forms, which generate the entire context free languages.
In 1987, Baeten, Bergstra... |
1,314,259,996,875 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Let $(M^n, g)$ be a smooth, compact Riemannian manifold without boundary, and its dimension $n\geq 3$. The Yamabe problem \cite{Ya} is to find a metric conformal to $g$ such that it has constant scalar curvature. This problem was solved by Yamabe, Trudinger, Aubin and Schoen in \cite{Ya, Tr, A, ... |
1,314,259,996,876 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Early brain development encompasses many crucial structural and physiological modifications that have an influence on health later in life. Changes in T1 and T2 relaxation times may provide valuable clinical information about ongoing biological processes, as well as a better insight into the earl... |
1,314,259,996,877 | arxiv | \section{NEUTRINO - ELECTRON SCATTERING}
Neutrino-electron scatterings ($\rm{\nu_e}(\rm{\bar{\nu_e}}) - e^{-}$) are
fundamental electroweak processes which play
important roles
in neutrino oscillation studies and in probing the
electroweak parameters of the
Standard Model(SM)
and in the studies of neutrino propert... |
1,314,259,996,878 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
There is a long and rich history of optimal transport (OT) problems initiated by Gaspard Monge (1746–1818), a French mathematician, in the 18th century.
During recent decades, OT problems have found fruitful applications in our daily lives \cite{villani2008optimal}.
Consider the resource alloca... |
1,314,259,996,879 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
A fundamental problem in fractal geometry is that how the projections affect dimension. Recall the classical Marstand-Mattila projection theorem: Let $E\subset \mathbb{R}^{n}, n\geq2,$ be a Borel set with Hausdorff dimension $s$.
\begin{itemize}
\item If $s\leq m$, then the orthogonal proj... |
1,314,259,996,880 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
Data involving ensembles of networks - that is, multiple independent networks - arise in various scientific fields, including sociology \citep{slaughter2016multilevel, stewart2019multilevel}, neuroscience \citep{simpson2011exponential, obando2017statistical}, molecular biology ... |
1,314,259,996,881 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
Among the sources of gravitational waves (GWs), inspiralling binary systems of compact objects, neutron stars (NSs) and/or black holes (BHs)
in the mass range $\sim 1\,M_{\odot} - 100\,M_{\odot}$ stand out as likely to be detected and relatively easy to model.
For ground-base... |
1,314,259,996,882 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
In 1995 it is realized that open
strings with Dirichlet boundary conditions can end
on D-branes \cite{1}. Two D-branes which open string is stretched between
them can interact. It is known that one of the best methods
for finding some properties is calculation of the amplitude of
interact... |
1,314,259,996,883 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The covert channel is a well-known way to transmit messages by circumventing the security mechanism. The definition of covert channel was given by Lampson in 1973 to describe the leakage of data by abuse of shared resource by the processes in different privilege levels\cite{Lampson:1973:NCP:36237... |
1,314,259,996,884 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The discovery of neutrino mass and mixing implies that the Standard Model (SM) must be extended somehow.
An elegant possibility remains
the original type Ia seesaw mechanism~\cite{Minkowski:1977sc, Yanagida:1979ss, Gell-Mann:1979ss, Glashow:1979ss, Mohapatra:1979ia,Schechter:1980gr, Schechter:1... |
1,314,259,996,885 | arxiv | \section{System Description}\label{sec:system}
This section will showcase our CMT system and describe how each part of the system responds to the above generalization gap.
\zh{First dense retrieval for document retrieval. Then few-shot learning for neural reranking. Finally say our domain specific MLM.}
\subsection{... |
1,314,259,996,886 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The resolution-of-identity (RI)\cite{Whi73,Dun79,Min82,Als88,Fey93,Vah93,Klo02} stands as a central technique in quantum chemistry, relying on the expansion of $\phi_n \phi_m $ co-densities over an auxiliary atomic basis set $\lbrace \beta \rbrace$ that scales linearly with the number of atom... |
1,314,259,996,887 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Although autoregressive models have achieved great success in various NLP tasks and speech recognition\cite{bahdanau2014neural, chorowski2015attention, chan2016listen, vaswani2017attention, kim2017joint, dong2018speech}, the autoregressive characteristics result in a large latency during the in... |
1,314,259,996,888 | arxiv |
\subsection{Emission and absorption}
The atmosphere interferes with the microwave band observations for two main reasons. On the one hand, some components of the atmosphere, for example, oxygen molecules and water vapor molecules, absorb microwave radiation, and on the other hand, the movement of these molecules gene... |
1,314,259,996,889 | arxiv |
\section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
Recent advances in the field of \ac{NLU}~\citep{devlin2018bert, adiwardana2020towards, brown2020language} have enabled natural language interfaces to help users find information beyond what typical search engines provide, through systems such as open domain and task-oriented di... |
1,314,259,996,890 | arxiv | \section{#1} \setcounter{equation}{0}}
\newcommand{\norm}[3]{\|#3\|_{#1,#2}}
\setcounter{secnumdepth}{2}
\newcommand{\Degin}[2]{{d^{\,\text{in}}_{{#1},{#2}}}}
\newcommand{\Degout}[2]{{d^{\,\text{out}}_{{#1},{#2}}}}
\newcommand{\degin}[1]{{d^{\,\text{in}}_{{#1}}}}
\newcommand{\degout}[1]{{d^{\,\text{out}}_{{#1}}}}
\newc... |
1,314,259,996,891 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Magnetic properties of ferromagnetic metals at varying levels of impurity have previously been investigated using neutron scattering techniques\cite{lynn1975temperature, mook1973neutron, pickart1967spin, loong1984neutron, collins1969critical}. Notably, the introduction of substitutional defects i... |
1,314,259,996,892 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Despite the long history of study on flux compactifications, many interesting questions remain. Of particular interest are questions related to supersymmetry breaking and the construction of trustworthy lower-dimensional effective descriptions of flux vacua. In this paper we consider the problem... |
1,314,259,996,893 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Lattice regularizations provide a definition of
quantum field theories beyond
perturbation theory. Evaluating the associated path integral by Monte Carlo also constitutes a non-perturbative
calculational method to derive predictions from the theory.
One of the systematic effects that have t... |
1,314,259,996,894 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Exceptionally deep observations of the distant universe with
the Hubble Space Telescope ({\it HST}) have consistently pushed the frontiers of human knowledge.
A succession of observing programs with each generation of {\it HST} detectors,
in concert with the other {\it NASA} Great Observatories... |
1,314,259,996,895 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Over the past decade, the characterization and classification of topological insulator and superconductor (symmetry protected) phases of matter has played a central role in condensed matter research \cite{Hasan2010,Qi2011}. These phases cannot be adiabatically connected with a trivial atomic li... |
1,314,259,996,896 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{intro}
Motion blur is one of the most recursive problems of paramount importance in the field of computer vision and digital photography. It is mainly caused by the streaking of fast moving objects in an image or video frames, also some of the other reasons could be the camera shake or long... |
1,314,259,996,897 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\IEEEPARstart{F}{eature} detection and description are fundamental steps in many computer vision tasks, such as visual localization~\cite{zhang2021reference,zhang2021reference}, Structure-from-Motion (SfM)~\cite{schonberger2016structure}, and Simultaneous-Localization-and-Mapping (SLAM)~\cite{fu2... |
1,314,259,996,898 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Recently, Witten \cite{Witten} constructed a $(0,4)$ supersymmetric linear
sigma model in two dimensions with a potential term. Remarkably, under
simple assumptions about the structure of the $(0,4)$ multiplets involved,
the Yukawa couplings of the model satisfy the ADHM equations of the
instant... |
1,314,259,996,899 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:Introduction}
The interaction between galaxies and their surrounding gas, whether circumgalactic medium, intergalactic medium or intracluster medium (ICM), is a major driver of galaxy evolution. Nowhere is this interaction more dramatically demonstrated than in radio galaxies moving t... |
1,314,259,996,900 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
In this paper, we consider the situation in which an irreducible subfactor $N \subset M$ has an
intermediate subfactor $Q$; and work out a reformulation of the proof of the fact that the planar algebra $P^{(N\subseteq Q)}$
may be derived from $P^{(N\subseteq M)}$ (see \cite{BhaLa} and \cite{La2})... |
1,314,259,996,901 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Reverberation Mapping \cite[RM;][]{Blandford_1982,Peterson_2014} is the primary technique to measure super massive black hole (SMBH) masses. Unlike other mass estimators (for example, stellar kinematics), RM does not require high spatial resolution in order to resolve the sphere of influence of ... |
1,314,259,996,902 | arxiv | \section*{Introduction}
\rm About 35 years ago, the author was asked by two colleagues in physics what restrictions there were on the cup-product cubic form on $H^2 (X, {\bf Z})$ given by $D \mapsto D^3$ for a Calabi--Yau threefold $X$. Until now, we were only able to make rather weak statements in response to this q... |
1,314,259,996,903 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The prediction of the trajectories followed by small spherical inclusions embedded in a given flow has been, and remains, a topic of intense interest. This problem indeed has obvious applications in many fields of physics, as well as in engineering science. In order to determine accurately thes... |
1,314,259,996,904 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The notion that collisionless plasma shocks can accelerate charged particles into high energies
resulting into the observed cosmic ray spectrum, has been around for many years and by now it is widely
accepted that this process can account for the majority of the energetic, non-thermal particle... |
1,314,259,996,905 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Complex organic molecules are thought to be formed primarily on dust
grains in dense cores, see reviews by
\citet{dishoeckherbst2009} and \citet{caselliceccarelli2012}. Before the onset of star formation, the
atomic and molecular reservoir is contained in large dark clouds. Due to
the high densi... |
1,314,259,996,906 | arxiv | \section{INTRODUCTION}
Massive stars ($\rm M \gtrsim 8 M_{\odot}$) play a vital role in the evolution of the universe given their radiative, mechanical and chemical feedback.
They dictate the energy budget of the galaxies through powerful radiation, strong winds and supernovae events. Despite this, most aspects of the... |
1,314,259,996,907 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
A Lie-Vessiot system, as defined in \cite{BM2008}, is a system
of non-autonomous differential equations,
\begin{equation}\label{GeneralNA} \dot x_i = F_i(t,x_1,\ldots,x_n),\end{equation}
such that there exist $r$ functions $f(t)$ of the parameter
$t$ verifying:
$$F_i(t,x_1,\ldots,x_n) = \sum_{... |
1,314,259,996,908 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The design and fabrication of textured superhydrophobic surfaces have
received much attention in recent years. If the recessed regions of
the texture are filled with gas (the Cassie state), roughness can
produce remarkable liquid mobility, dramatically lowering the ability
of drops to stick~\cite... |
1,314,259,996,909 | arxiv | \section{INTRODUCTION}
Discovered on 1996 August 7 \citep{els96}, Comet 133P/Elst-Pizarro (also
designated 7968 Elst-Pizarro; hereafter 133P) orbits
in the main asteroid belt ($a=3.156$~AU, $e=0.165$,
$i=1.39^{\circ}$). It has a Tisserand parameter (with respect to
Jupiter) of $T_J=3.184$, while classical comets have ... |
1,314,259,996,910 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The controllable generation of entangled states has triggered a considerable amount of interest in the physics community.
In particular, within cavity-quantum electrodynamics (cavity-QED) contexts, the achievement of two-qubit entanglement has seen a flourishing of proposals. It has been sugges... |
1,314,259,996,911 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\noindent
For a Borel subset $K$ of $\mathbb{R}^n$ and a point $z\in \mathbb{R}^n$, the polar body
$K^{*z}$ of $K$ with respect to $z$ is the convex set defined by:
$$K^{*z}=\{y\in \mathbb{R}^n; \langle y-z,x-z\rangle \le 1\hbox{ for every $x\in K$}\}.$$
Here $\mathbb{R}^n$ is endowed with the ... |
1,314,259,996,912 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{}
Statistical Mechanics (SM) provides useful concepts to study systems
with large number of particles. For example, based on standard SM,
Edwards \cite{edw} proposed a thermodynamic description of granular
matter in which thermodynamic quantities are computed as flat
averages over configu... |
1,314,259,996,913 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
In the recent years, the Bondi-Metzner-Sachs (BMS) symmetry \cite{BMS1, BMS2, BMS3}, which generates the asymptotic isometries of Minkowski spacetime at null-infinity, has been revisited \cite{Barnich0, Barnich1, Barnich3} and its relevance to field theory has been reconsidered from a modern per... |
1,314,259,996,914 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Investigating the origin of nitrogen in galaxies has been a major
topic of research in the past few years. The reason is at least two-fold: {\it i)}
There are many processes involved in the computation of the stellar yields
of nitrogen and hence there are still many uncertainties present in the... |
1,314,259,996,915 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
In the past several years one of the main questions in the research
activity on high-$T_c$ superconductors has been the identification
of the order parameter symmetry \cite{scalapino,vanh,woll,tsuei,kirtley}.
The most possible scenario is that the
pairing state is an admixture of a dominant... |
1,314,259,996,916 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The interaction between a strong stellar magnetic field and an
accretion disc can affect both the evolution and observational
properties of the star. Close to the star the field is strong enough
that the accretion disc is truncated, and mass is channelled along
field lines to accrete on to the s... |
1,314,259,996,917 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Fluids composed of non-spherical molecules have been studied by using different methods and approaches. Liquid crystals, rod-like polymers, aqueous suspensions of tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) and disk-like particles have a high degree of shape anisotropy. This shape anisotropy allows them to exhib... |
1,314,259,996,918 | arxiv | \section*{\refname}}
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\usepackage{multicol,caption,setspace}
\captionsetup[figure]{font={stretch=1.0}}
\usepackage{etoolbox}
\usepackage[usena... |
1,314,259,996,919 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\noindent Over the last decade, the amount of video data that need to be processed has increased exponentially due to the frequent use of cameras everywhere \cite{lu2016optasia, xu2019vstore, moll2020exsample, poms2018scanner}. A wide range of propitious applications such as intelligent transport... |
1,314,259,996,920 | arxiv | \section{Network structure}
The parameter $n$ of residual blocks in the network (see section~\ref{sec:experiments})
may vary for different datasets. For all experiments in the paper the value of $n$
was set to $7$.
Below we provide a detailed visualization the architecture of the model
that generates $128\times 128$ ... |
1,314,259,996,921 | arxiv |
\section{Introduction}
\label{sec-int}
Heavy-quark production in $ep$ interactions in deep inelastic scattering (DIS) is dominated by the Boson Gluon Fusion (BGF) process. Heavy-quark production provides a two-fold test of perturbative quantum chromodynamics (pQCD); a study of the BGF process and the higher-orde... |
1,314,259,996,922 | arxiv |
\section{Introduction}
\label{sect:Intro}
In many biological systems the small number of participating molecules make the chemical reactions inherently stochastic. The system state is described by probability densities of the numbers of molecules of different species. The evolution of probabilities in time is describe... |
1,314,259,996,923 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Modern Deep Neural Networks (DNN) have pushed the state-of-the-art in many computer vision tasks including image recognition, object detection, etc. Underlying the success of DNNs, are the millions of constituent parameters and their non-linear combinations that allow DNNs to accurately model a w... |
1,314,259,996,924 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
An $n\times n$ complex matrix $A$ is called \emph{coninvolutory} if $\bar AA=I_n$ and \emph{skew-coninvolutory} if $\bar AA=-I_n$ (and so $n$ is even since $\det(\bar AA)\ge 0$). We prove that each matrix of size $n\times n$ with $n\ge 2$ is a sum of 5 coninvolutory matrices and each matrix o... |
1,314,259,996,925 | arxiv | \section{\label{}}
\section{Introduction}
The top quark was discovered in 1995 at Fermilab in pair production mode ($t\bar{t}$ events) through strong interactions[1]. Several properties of the top quark such as the mass, charge, lifetime, production cross-section and rare decay through flavour changing neutral curren... |
1,314,259,996,926 | arxiv | \section{setup details}
The diamond sample containing the NV center is cooled to $\approx 4$~K. The optical setup is schematically depicted in Fig.~2a. Laser light at $637$~nm is used to apply the optical $\pi$-pulses. In the photon detection path, the emitted 637~nm photons are separated from reflected excitation ligh... |
1,314,259,996,927 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}%
\label{sec:Introduction}
It is now accepted, within the $\Lambda$ Cold Dark Matter
($\Lambda$CDM) model,
that galaxy mergers play a fundamental role in
the formation and evolution of galaxies \citep{White1978}.
These events change the
nature of galaxies in a number of ways: post-mergers exhi... |
1,314,259,996,928 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The determination of the dilaton ($S$) and moduli VEVs is an important
problem in string phenomenology because it is
directly related to the predictions
of the string models \cite{wdr}.
The dilaton and moduli are flat directions to all orders
in string perturbation theory, and it is hoped that ... |
1,314,259,996,929 | arxiv | \section{Objective}
In countless situations of basic experimental and theo\-retical interest,
ranging from superconducting charge pumps~\cite{GasparinettiEtAl13} over
Dirac fermions in graphene coupled to acoustic phonons~\cite{IadecolaEtAl13}
and quantum-dot devices~\cite{StaceEtAl13} to superconductors under
pho... |
1,314,259,996,930 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The emergence of atomically thin, single-layer graphene spawned a new class of materials, known as two-dimensional (2D) materials~\cite{Xu2013, Novoselov2011}. These extraordinary 2D materials have attracted significant attention within the scientific community due to their wide range of ... |
1,314,259,996,931 | arxiv |
\section{Introduction}
Profound changes in the properties of cavity-bound molecular systems can be achieved in regimes where the quantum nature of light becomes important. A few notable examples are the change of conductivity in semiconductors due to vacuum field hybridization \cite{Orgiu2015}, the appearance of mixe... |
1,314,259,996,932 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
A famous conjecture of Heil, Ramanathan, and Topiwala~\cite{HRT96},
often called the HRT-conjecture, states that finitely
many time-frequency shift s of a non-zero $L^2$-function are linearly independent.
Denoting a time-frequency shift of $g\in L^2(\rd) $ along $z=(x,\xi ) \in {\bR^{2d}} ... |
1,314,259,996,933 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{intro}
For more than half a century, it has been possible to confine charged particles by radiofrequency (rf) quadrupole fields~\cite{Paul1990}. Such rf (or Paul) traps rely on the strong direct interaction of the charge of the particles with the electrical field, whereby trap depths of up... |
1,314,259,996,934 | arxiv | \section*{Acknowledgements}
We are grateful to Alan Schwartz for interesting discussions.
This work was supported in part by DOE grant DE-FG02-91ER40671,
the NSF Presidential Young Investigator Award PHY-9157482,
James S. McDonnell Foundation grant No. 91-48,
and an A. P. Sloan Foundation Research Fellowship.
|
1,314,259,996,935 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Financial markets, especially the stock market, enjoy substantial coverage day-to-day on digital platforms such as YouTube. Besides the presenters, experts with much understanding of the stock markets work as contributors or panelists who share their perspectives on various topics. On YouTube, c... |
1,314,259,996,936 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The paradigm of adaptive nonparametric inference has developed a fairly complete theory for estimation and testing -- we mention the key references \cite{L90, DJKP95, DJKP96, LMS97, BBM99, BM01, S96} -- but the theory of adaptive confidence statements has not succeeded to the same extent, and co... |
1,314,259,996,937 | arxiv | \section{Conclusion}
\label{sec:conclusion}
We presented the first formal verification of the semantics of the concurrent revisions concurrency control model. We identified and resolved a number of ambiguities in the operational semantics, and simplified a proof of determinacy. Our paper can hopefully serve as a case ... |
1,314,259,996,938 | arxiv | \section{The Role of Individuals in Usage-Based Grammar Induction}
This paper experiments with the interaction between the amount of exposure (the size of a training corpus) and the number of representations learned (the size of the grammar and lexicon) under perception-based vs production-based grammar induction. The... |
1,314,259,996,939 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The timescale of wavelength-dependent lags in AGNs has long been
problematic since the delays are much longer than a dynamical
timescale. When delays were first convincingly established in
NGC~7469 \citep{wanders97,collier98} we interpreted them as a
consequence of light-travel time in the exter... |
1,314,259,996,940 | arxiv | \section{Additional Definitions}
\new{Let us fix ${\cal{K}}=({\cal{T}}, {\cal{A}})$.} A \emph{homomorphism} from interpretation ${\cal{I}}$ to interpretation
${\cal{J}}$, written as $h : {\cal{I}} \to {\cal{J}}$ is a function $h : \Delta^{\cal{I}} \to
\Delta^{\cal{J}}$ that preserves roles, concepts, and individual na... |
1,314,259,996,941 | arxiv | \section{Introductory Facts}\label{hb1}
The Hahn-Banach theorem has a lot of applications in different fields of analysis, which attracted the attention of several authors such as Vincent-Smith \cite{Vic} and Turan \cite{Tu}. In this present paper, we give an extension of the Hahn-Banach theorem on lattice normed $f$-... |
1,314,259,996,942 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
A dialog system should correctly understand speakers’ utterances and respond in natural language.
Dialog act recognition (DAR) and sentiment classification are two correlative tasks to realize the former.
The goal of DAR is to attach semantic labels to each utterance in a dialog and identify the... |
1,314,259,996,943 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
A unified formulation of Einstein's theory of gravitation and theory of electromagnetism in four-dimensional space-time was first proposed by Kaluza \cite{bb12} by assuming a pure gravitational theory in five-dimensional space-time. The so called cylinder condition was later explained by Klein w... |
1,314,259,996,944 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
This section first provides some historical background on the use of superconducting circuitry for mechanical detection in order to trace the origins and establish the present day context of the main focus of this paper: namely, QEMS that incorporate superconducting qubits, cavities and nanom... |
1,314,259,996,945 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{S:Intro}
Nowadays, the world economical and social developments and well-beings are heavily influenced by financial markets. People participate in financial activities, which promote the circulation of assets and developments of the world economy, with the ultimate goal of gaining economic ... |
1,314,259,996,946 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Quantum channels, which describe transformations between input and output states, are present in every quantum information and communication processing tasks. However, physical channels are inherently noisy, making their possible applications limited. Therefore, extensive research on optimal met... |
1,314,259,996,947 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Ultra-relativistic collisions, so called ``Little Bangs'' of
almost fully ionized Au atoms are observed at the four experiments
(BRAHMS, PHENIX, PHOBOS and STAR) of the Relativistic Heavy Ion
Collider (RHIC) of the Brookhaven National Laboratory, New York.
The aim of these experiments is to crea... |
1,314,259,996,948 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
A textbook way to generate a random integer on
$\{1, \dots, m\}$ is to start with $X \sim U[0,1)$ and define $Y \equiv 1 + \lfloor mX \rfloor$.
If $X$ is truly uniform on $[0,1)$, $Y$ is then uniform on $\{1, \dots, m\}$.
But if $X$ has a discrete distribution derived by scaling a pseudorandom ... |
1,314,259,996,949 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{sec_intro}
The classification of insulating states of matter has been refined in terms of protecting symmetries through
the discovery of topological insulators \cite{KaneMele05a,KaneMele05b,Bernevig06,König07}.
For example, as long as time-reversal symmetry is not
broken, topological insul... |
1,314,259,996,950 | arxiv | \section{\protect\bigskip Introduction}
\bigskip
One of the important mathematical problems in quantum information theory is
the characterization of separable states. In the case of pure separable
states, much progress has been made. For instance, if one considers a
quantum system of $p$ particles with state space $H... |
1,314,259,996,951 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The synthesis of unknown heavy nuclei has been spotlighted for last decades with the
development of new facilities for rare isotope accelerators~\cite{Moller16,GS16,GGW16}.
In particular, the structure of neutron-rich heavy nuclei is expected to shed light on
our understanding of nuclear structu... |
1,314,259,996,952 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
With the broad interest and accelerating development of superhydrophobic surfaces for a variety of applications including self-cleaning, condensation heat transfer enhancement, and anti-icing, the need for more detailed insights on droplet interactions on these surfaces have emerged. Specificall... |
1,314,259,996,953 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Let $R$ be an associative ring with an identity. The commutant of $a\in R$ is defined by $comm(a)=\{x\in
R~|~xa=ax\}$. The double commutant of $a\in R$ is defined by $comm^2(a)=\{x\in R~|~xy=yx~\mbox{for all}~y\in comm(a)\}$.
An element $a\in R$ has Drazin inverse in case there exists $b\in R$ ... |
1,314,259,996,954 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
In the current era of big data, it is common for researchers to collect super-large sample data ranging from hundreds of thousands to hundreds of millions of observations. The ambitious BRAIN Initiative of NIH is expected to bring a torrent of data, e.g, 100 terabytes of data per day from a sing... |
1,314,259,996,955 | arxiv | \section*{Introduction}
Motion is a major impediment to the acquisition of high quality images in free-breathing coronary magnetic resonance angiography (CMRA) exams \cite{ingle2014nonrigid, prieto2015highly, cruz2017highly}. A variety of retrospective motion correction methods have been proposed for CMRA. For these ap... |
1,314,259,996,956 | arxiv | \section
Phonon emission rates and carrier dephasing}
Here we consider carrier dephasing for Bloch-oscillating
moir\'e superlattices due to phonon emission. Since the width of moir\'e bands is considerably smaller than the optical phonon energies, the electron-phonon interactions are dominated by coupling to acousti... |
1,314,259,996,957 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
Many physical phenomena in physics and engineering can be modeled by
the Stokes flow~\cite{Galdi:2011}.
Noteworthy applications are, for example, Stokes flows in porous
media~\cite{Bang-Lukkassen:1999}, design and development of efficient
fibrous filters~\cite{Linden-Cheng-Wieg... |
1,314,259,996,958 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{intro}
One of the mysterious issues in quantum mechanics is the wave function collapse or the wave function reduction. It has been studied in various contexts like the collapse hypothesis in standard or conventional quantum mechanics, many worlds interpretation, decoherence approach, gravi... |
1,314,259,996,959 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{s:intro}
\emph{Automaton (semi)groups} --- short for semigroups generated by
Mealy automata or groups generated by invertible Mealy automata ---
were formally introduced a half century ago (for details, see~\cite{clas32} and references therein).
Two decades later, important results have s... |
1,314,259,996,960 | arxiv |
\subsubsection{Recursive Cayley trajectory}
\label{sec:whatpath}
Recursive Cayley sampling walks in every direction of
Cartesian space at every step.
If it hits a boundary, then it does not proceed forward at that point.
Since in our assembly settings, feasible regions in
Cartesian space are connected
RecursiveSam... |
1,314,259,996,961 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\IEEEPARstart{T}{he} COmmon Muon and Proton Apparatus for Structure and Spectroscopy (COMPASS) at the CERN SPS \cite{COMPASS1} is a state-of-the-art two stage magnetic spectrometer \cite{COMPASS-NIM} with a flexible setup to allow for a rich variety of physics programs to be performed with secon... |
1,314,259,996,962 | arxiv |
\subsection{From sequences of discrete symbols to real valued embedding time series}
For tasks involving sequences of symbols belonging to large vocabularies ($10^4$ to $10^7$ in size), it has become standard practice to embed each item in the form of learned vector of real values
since the seminal work on word2vec~\c... |
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