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1,314,259,996,963 | arxiv | \section*{Acknowledgements}
Authors partially supported by the grant PID2020-113192GB-I00 (Mathematical Visualization: Foundations, Algorithms and Applications) from the Spanish MICINN.
Part of this work was developed during a research visit of the first author to CUNEF University in Madrid.
\section{Introduction}
... |
1,314,259,996,964 | arxiv | \section{CR Geometry}
\label{sec:bg}
Throughout this article, we will follow the conventions used by Gover and Graham~\cite{GoverGraham2005} for describing CR and pseudohermitian invariants and performing local computations using a choice of contact form. These conventions are identical to the the conventions used by... |
3,212,635,537,408 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Cen X--3 is an X-ray pulsar with an O-type supergiant companion. The
orbital period is $\sim 2.1$ days and eclipses are observed. Out of
eclipse, an iron emission line was detected at $6.5 \pm 0.1$ keV
(Nagase et al., 1992; Burderi et al., 2000). Nagase et al. (1992)
suggested tha... |
3,212,635,537,409 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{sec:intro}
Our daily lives surround us with practical applications of assembled supramolecular structures. %
Their applications vary in complexity and size ranging from micelle formation using soap\cite{klevens1946critical} over neurotransmitter transport via vesicles\cite{del1956biophysic... |
3,212,635,537,410 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
QCD simplifies greatly in the chiral \cite{chiral}, heavy-quark \cite{heavy},
and large-$N_c$ \cite{bign} limits (where $N_c$ is the number of colors). The
Skyrme \cite{sky1} model of heavy baryons \cite{wit,skyrme,jmw} incorporates
all of these, and makes powerful predictions \cite{chow} about ... |
3,212,635,537,411 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
Learning semantic representations for words is a fundamental task in NLP
that is required in numerous higher-level NLP applications~\cite{Collobert:2011}.
Distributed word representations have gained much popularity lately because of their accuracy
as semantic representations f... |
3,212,635,537,412 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\subsection{Random geometric complexes}The subject of random geometric complexes has recently attracted a lot of attention, with a special focus on the study of expectation of topological properties of these complexes \cite{Kahle2011, Penrose, NSW, YSA, BobrowskiMukherjee, BobrowskiKahle}\footno... |
3,212,635,537,413 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Although the contraction principle appears partly in the method of successive approximation in the works of
Cauchy \cite{Cau1835}, Liouville \cite{Lio1837}, and Picard \cite{Pic1890}, its abstract and powerful version
is due to Banach \cite{Ban22}. This form of the contraction principle, commonl... |
3,212,635,537,414 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Spin-transfer torque induced by an applied electric current in ferromagnetic metals is a crucially important effect in spintronics.
The idea was first proposed theoretically by Berger \cite{Berger86} in the case of a domain wall motion and by Slonczewski \cite{Slonczewski96} and Berger \cite{Ber... |
3,212,635,537,415 | arxiv | \section{Introduction and overview}
\label{sec:intro}
Our main goal in this paper is to study global rates of convergence of
the Maximum Likelihood Estimator (MLE) in one simple model for multivariate
interval-censored data. In section 3 we will show that under some reasonable
conditions the MLE converges in a Hell... |
3,212,635,537,416 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The degenerate affine Hecke algebra (dAHA) of any Coxeter group
was defined by Drinfeld and Lusztig(\cite{Dri},\cite{Lus}).
It is generated by the group algebra of the Coxeter group and by the
commuting generators $y_{i}$ with some relations.
The degenerate double affine Hecke algebra (dDAHA) ... |
3,212,635,537,417 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Topological concepts in condensed matter physics have led to the realization of new states of matter.\cite{bansilrev16, *kane10, *qi11, *Moore11} Ongoing generalizations of topological concepts continue to generate profound discoveries. Many of the new predicted emergent properties have been expe... |
3,212,635,537,418 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\begin{figure}[!t]
\centering
\includegraphics[width=1.0\columnwidth]{augur-overview-01}
\caption{Augur mines human activities from a large dataset of modern fiction. Its statistical associations give applications an understanding of when each activity might be appropriate.}
\label{fig:splash}
\... |
3,212,635,537,419 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The discovery of nucleon resonances in the first pion-nucleon scattering experiments
provided first indications for a complicated intrinsic structure of the nucleon.
With establishing the quark picture of hadrons and developments of the
constituent quark models the interest in the stu... |
3,212,635,537,420 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
An {\it $n$-dimensional crystallographic group} ({\it $n$-space group})
is a discrete group $\Gamma$ of isometries of Euclidean $n$-space $E^n$
whose orbit space $E^n/\Gamma$ is compact.
The 3-space groups are the symmetry groups of crystalline structures,
and so are of fundamental importanc... |
3,212,635,537,421 | arxiv | \section*{References}
\begin{document}
\maketitle
\begin{abstract}
Consider the cotangent bundle
of a closed Riemannian manifold
and an almost complex
structure close
to the one induced by
the Riemannian metric.
For Hamiltonians which
grow for instance
quadratically in the fibers
outside of a compact set,
one c... |
3,212,635,537,422 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Neutrinos play a decisive role in core-collapse supernova explosions
since they carry most of the gravitational binding energy released.
The transport of neutrinos through the hot and dense stellar
environment is believed to ultimately be responsible for a
successful explosion, although ... |
3,212,635,537,423 | arxiv | \section{A$_\infty$-algebras}\label{2}
We first review the definition of A$_\infty$-algebras that are used
in the discussion of this paper.
\begin{defn}\label{2.1}
A \textbf{coalgebra} $(C,\Delta)$ over a ring $R$ consists of an
$R$-module $C$ and a comultiplication $\Delta:C\to C\otimes C$ of
degree $0$ satisfying ... |
3,212,635,537,424 | arxiv |
\section{Approach}
\vspace{-0.1in}
\subsection{Problem statement}
Assume that we have a distribution $p(x)$ of data (e.g., images), with $x \in \mathcal{X}$ as the input. We are interested in the problem of robust representation learning, where we want to learn a representation $z$ of $x$ with the mapping $p_\theta(z... |
3,212,635,537,425 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{intro}
Graphs considered in the paper are finite, without loops or multiple edges. In a graph $G = (V , E)$, $V$ and $E$ ($V(G)$ and $E(G)$) denote the vertex set and the edge set of $G$, respectively. For undefined concepts and notation we refer the reader to \cite{BJD}.
For two ver... |
3,212,635,537,426 | arxiv | \section{introduction
Cavity quantum electrodynamics (QED) deals with
the interaction between a single atom and
a discretized photon mode confined in a resonator,
which is the simplest embodiment of quantum light-matter interaction.
The cavity QED systems have been realized in various physical platforms:
just ... |
3,212,635,537,427 | arxiv |
\section{INTRODUCTION}
Starting from the work by Giles, see \cite{Giles,Giles2,Giles3}, we developed a novel multilevel method called p-refined Multilevel Quasi Monte Carlo (p-MLQMC), see \cite{Blondeel2020}. Similar to classic Multilevel Monte Carlo, see \cite{Giles}, p-MLQMC ... |
3,212,635,537,428 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\subsection{Background}
Affine Lie algebras distinguish themselves among Kac-Moody Lie algebras, largely due to 2 distinct constructions: a Serre presentation (as definition) and a loop algebra realization. Such a dual nature of affine Lie algebras has led to numerous applications to string the... |
3,212,635,537,429 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The probability of magnetic field emergence is not uniform at all solar longitudes. Numerous works have been devoted to identify and follow the most active longitudinal belts but the different datasets, time intervals, approaches and preassumptions resulted in a broad variety of spatial patterns... |
3,212,635,537,430 | arxiv | \section{INTRODUCTION}
\label{sec:intro}
\textbf{SIMULATOR} stands for \textbf{S}peckle \textbf{I}mager via \textbf{MU}lti \textbf{L}ayer \textbf{A}tmospheric \textbf{T}urbulence \textbf{O}bject \textbf{R}econstructor. It is a speckle imager that can mimic the exact characteristics of various observation sites as req... |
3,212,635,537,431 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The use of group theory to study bound and scattering states has found wide
application in physics\cite{intro}. A common starting point is to identify a
spectrum generating algebra or SGA for the problem of interest. This is
possible when the Hamiltonian can be expressed in terms of generators ... |
3,212,635,537,432 | arxiv | \section*{Acknowledgments}
We gratefully acknowledge, for support and valuable conversations, Johannes Gehrke, Li Deng, Qi Lu, Yi-Min Wang, Harry Shum, Eric Horvitz, Susan Dumais, Xiaodong He, Asl{\i} \c{C}eliky{\i}l\-maz, Chris Meek, Hamid Palangi, Qiuyuan Huang, Nebojsa Jojic, Imanol Schlag, Kezhen Chen, Shuai Tang, ... |
3,212,635,537,433 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The nested error regression (NER) model with the normality assumption for both the random effects or model error terms and the unit-level error terms has played a key role in analyzing unit-level data in small area estimation. Many popular small area estimation methods have been developed under ... |
3,212,635,537,434 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Vehicular networks is a typical application of 5G ultra-reliable and low-latency communication (URLLC). It is also an important mean to realize automatic driving in intelligent transportation systems (ITS) \cite{1}. Automatic driving technology is helpful to avoid traffic accidents and reduce tra... |
3,212,635,537,435 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Consider a connected 1-graph $G$ whose arcs are denoted by 1, 2, ..., $m$ and let some quantities $b_{i}, c_{i}$ be such that
\[
-\infty \le b_{i} \le c_{i} \le +\infty
\]
with the conditions:
1) $b_{i} = 0 \qquad (i = 1, 2, ..., m)$;
2) $c_{i} \ge 0 \qquad$ for all $i$, and $c_{i} = +\infty$... |
3,212,635,537,436 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Quantum states with small (zero) transition dipole moment with respect to the ground state, referred to as dark states, are notoriously difficult to investigate by linear spectroscopic techniques. The most widespread approach is detection via their low emission yields \cite{Cook1985,Yip1998}. Al... |
3,212,635,537,437 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Planetary atmospheric compositions offer valuable clues to the planet formation and evolution process, \rev{especially for giant planets with primordial atmospheres}.
Over the past decade a number of studies have suggested that atmospheric elemental ratios, such as the carbon-to-oxygen ratio (C/O... |
3,212,635,537,438 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
A thorough understanding of crack formation in brittle materials is of great interest in both experimental sciences and theoretical studies. Starting with the seminal contribution by Francfort and Marigo \cite{Francfort-Marigo:1998}, where the displacements and crack paths are determined from a... |
3,212,635,537,439 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
We consider the derivative nonlinear Schr\"odinger equation (DNLS)
\begin{equation}\label{DNLS}
{i\mkern1mu} \partial_t q + \partial^2_x q + {i\mkern1mu} \partial_x(|q|^2q) =0,
\end{equation}
where \(q\colon \ensuremath{\mathbb{R}}\times \ensuremath{\mathbb{R}}\rightarrow \ensuremath{\mathbb{C... |
3,212,635,537,440 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The neutrino oscillations between different flavour states were measured in a series of
experiments with atmospheric neutrinos~\cite{Fukuda:1998mi}, solar
neutrinos~\cite{Cleveland:1998nv}, and neutrinos produced in nuclear
reactors~\cite{Eguchi:2002dm} and accelerators~\cite{Ahn:2002up}. As a... |
3,212,635,537,441 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The problem of quickly detecting a change in sequentially acquired data dates back to the pioneering works \cite{shewhart1931economic} and \cite{page1954continuous} and is motivated by a wide range of engineering and scientific applications. Examples of
such applications can be found in in... |
3,212,635,537,442 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Fine-grained opinion mining is an important field in natural language processing (NLP). It comprises various tasks, such as aspect term extraction (ATE) \cite{DBLP:conf/emnlp/LiuXZ12,DECNN,Li2018,MaLWXW19}, opinion term extraction (OTE) \cite{DBLP:conf/naacl/FanWDHC19,Wu2020}, and aspect-level se... |
3,212,635,537,443 | arxiv | \section{\@startsection {section}{1}{\z@}%
{-4.5ex \@plus -1ex \@minus -.2ex}%
{2.3ex \@plus.8ex}%
{\centering\scshape}}
\setlength{\parindent}{0.15cm}
\sloppy
\setcounter{tocdepth}{1}
\usepackage{cite}
\newcommand{\mathbb{N}}{\mathbb{N}}
\newcommand{\mathbb{Z}}{\mathbb{Z}}
\newcommand{\mathbb{Q}}... |
3,212,635,537,444 | arxiv | \section{Introduction} \label{sec:intro}
Most of the stellar mass in galaxies was assembled between a redshift of $z=3$ to 1 (e.g., \citealt{CarilliWalter2013,MadauDickinson2014}); at $z=2$, the star-formation rate density (SFRD) of the Universe peaked, fueled by enhanced gas accretion from the intergalactic medium \ci... |
3,212,635,537,445 | arxiv | \section*{Keywords}
Convolution Neural Network; Document Images; Parametric-ReLU; PSNR; Optical Character Recognizer.
\section{Introduction}
Research in AI tackles the problems which humans can solve easily, but are difficult for machines to solve. Rather than hard-coding these tasks as computer instructions, a learni... |
3,212,635,537,446 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
In this paper we improve the main statements in \cite{Can-R-S} concerning a local version of Brunella's alternative for germs of codimension one holomorphic foliations.
We know that any {\em non dicritical} germ of codimension one foliation $\mathcal F$ in $({\mathbb C}^3,0)$ always has an inv... |
3,212,635,537,447 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The overwhelming majority of stars in the Universe display
absorption lines in their visible range spectrum.
Emission lines in stellar spectra are therefore notable exceptions
which betray fascinating properties such as the presence of
unusually strong chromospheric activity, rapid rotation or in... |
3,212,635,537,448 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Stochastic models describing evolution of certain arrays of particles or biological species (genes, bacteria, infected individuals) are of theoretical interest and also important for various applications, \cite{New_14}, \cite{Bansaye_15}, \cite{Mel_16}, \cite{Pardoux_16}, \cite{KV_17}. Invest... |
3,212,635,537,449 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{sec-intro}
An $[n,\ell,d]$ linear code over the finite field ${\mathbb{F}}_p$ is an $\ell$-dimensional subspace of ${\mathbb{F}}_p^n$
with minimum (Hamming) distance $d$, where $p$ is a prime. Let $A_i$ denote the number of codewords
with Hamming weight $i$ in a code $\mathcal{C}$ of length... |
3,212,635,537,450 | arxiv | \section{#1}}
\newcommand{\addtocounter{section}{1} \setcounter{equation}{0}{\addtocounter{section}{1} \setcounter{equation}{0}
\section*{Appendix \Alph{section}}}
\renewcommand{\theequation}{\arabic{equation}}
\textwidth 170mm
\textheight 250mm
\newcommand{\begin{equation}}{\begin{equation}}
\... |
3,212,635,537,451 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
After the discovery that
perfect hydrodynamics can be valid for describing the phenomenology
of Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC)
at Brookhaven National Laboratory
\cite{qcd001, qcd002, qcd003},
people are now interested in
relativistic hydrodynamics for \textit{dissipative} s... |
3,212,635,537,452 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Knowledge about thermalization in strongly coupled systems is important for us to understand the results from relativistic heavy-ion collisions at RHIC and LHC and some non-equilibrium processes in the early universe. The AdS/CFT correspondence\cite{Maldacena,Witten} provides us with an elegant t... |
3,212,635,537,453 | arxiv |
\section{Introduction}\label{sec:intro}
The solution of large sparse linear systems of equations
\begin{equation}\label{eq:linsys}
Ax = b,\ b\in \mathbb{R}^{n},\ A \in \mathbb{R}^{n \times n} \text{\ symmetric positive definite,}
\end{equation} that arise in the discretization of partial differential e... |
3,212,635,537,454 | arxiv | \section{Introduction and Overview}\label{intro}
Recall that, given a function $\varphi\colon\mathbb{R}^n\to\mathbb{R}$, which is twice continuously differentiable (${\cal C}^2$-smooth) around some point $\bar{x}\in\mathbb{R}^n$, the {\em classical Newton method} to solve the nonlinear {\em gradient system}
\begin{equ... |
3,212,635,537,455 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Understanding the center of the enveloping algebra of a finite dimensional Lie algebra
in characteristic $p>0$ is of fundamental importance in the modular representation theory of Lie algebras.
Many such Lie algebras arise from a base change from a Lie algebra in characteristic 0.
Let $\mathfr... |
3,212,635,537,456 | arxiv | \section{#1}\vspace{-2pt}}
\newcommand{\Paragraph}[1]{\paragraph{#1}}
\newcommand*{\vv}[1]{\vec{\mkern0mu#1}}
\hyphenation{op-tical net-works semi-conduc-tor}
\usepackage{geometry}
\geometry{left=1.6cm,right=1.6cm,top=1.5cm,bottom=1.5cm}
\begin{document}
\title{HEMlets PoSh: Learning Part-Centric Heatmap T... |
3,212,635,537,457 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{I}
At the beginning of the 19th century, the General Theory of Relativity brought the revolution to the modern cosmology proposed by Albert Einstein. The Riemannian space-time formulates this theory based on the Levi-Civita connection, a torsion-free, and metric compatibility connection. It... |
3,212,635,537,458 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Many high mass accretion rate AGN show X--ray spectra which rise
smoothly below 1~keV above the extrapolated 2--10~keV emission
\cite{rf:1}, equivalent to a fixed temperature of $\sim
0.1-0.2$~keV. This is far too high a temperature to be simply the high
energy tail of the accretion disc emissio... |
3,212,635,537,459 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{sec:introduction}}
Cloud computing is widely adopted in scenarios that involve Internet of Things (IoT) devices and mobile devices. It plays an essential role in improving performance and in reducing the energy consumption of local devices by offloading computing tasks from local d... |
3,212,635,537,460 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
For a finite set $V$ and a positive integer $r$ we denote by ${{V \choose r}}$ the family of all $r$-subsets of $V$. An {\em $r$-uniform graph} ({\em $r$-graph}) $G$ is a set $V(G)$ of vertices together with a set $E(G) \subseteq {V(G) \choose r}$ of edges. The {\em density} of $G$ is defined by ... |
3,212,635,537,461 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
A large amount of experimental and theoretical studies have been
devoted to studying the unusual properties of high temperature
cuprate superconductors in the past thirty years \cite{Orenstein00,
Lee06, Keimer15, Tsuei00, Damascelli03, Norman05, Uemura04,
Norman11, Scalapino12}. Although... |
3,212,635,537,462 | arxiv | \section*{Introduction}
The theoretical understanding of a first principles theory for the
glass transition is still missing. Despite of great advances in the
understanding of some generic features associated to the glass
transition (such as those predicted by the mode-coupling
theory) still some questions remain large... |
3,212,635,537,463 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Meeting Tthe tremendous growth in demand
for cellular data~\cite{CiscoVNI:latest}
will require
new technologies that can provide orders of magnitude increases in wide-area
wireless capacity.
With the severe shortage of spectrum in traditional UHF and microwave
bands below 3~GHz, there has been... |
3,212,635,537,464 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Macros have long been studied in AI planning~\cite{fn71,korf85}.
Many domain-dependent applications of macros have been exhibited
and studied~\cite{iba89,js01,h01}; also, a number of domain-independent methods
for learning, inferring, filtering, and applying macros have been
the topic of resea... |
3,212,635,537,465 | arxiv | \section*{Introduction}
\label{section: Introduction}
We present an extension of Stone duality for Boolean algebras from classical propositional logic to classical
first-order logic. In broad strokes, the leading idea is to take the traditional logical distinction between
syntax and semantics and analyze it in term... |
3,212,635,537,466 | arxiv | \section{Introduction} \label{sec:level1}
Microwave investigations of classical superconductors half a century ago have proven to be a very useful tool in the determination
of intrinsic parameters in the Meissner state\cite{Glover:57,Biondi:59,Klein:94} as well as the flow resistivity in the mixed
state.\cite{Cardona... |
3,212,635,537,467 | arxiv | \section{INTRODUCTION}
Color confinement, the absence of colored degrees of freedom from the physical spectrum, is an essential element of strong interactions.
Understanding this fact in the framework of relativistic quantum field theory (QFT) is a fundamental issue of particle and nuclear physics.
To investigate suc... |
3,212,635,537,468 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Let $\mathcal{H}$ be a Hilbert space, $\mathcal{C}$ a class of closed subspaces of $\mathcal{H}$ and $\mathcal{F}= \{f_1, \dots, f_m\}$ a finite set of elements in $\mathcal{H}$.
In this article we study the existence and show how to construct an optimal subspace $\mathcal{S}$ in the class ... |
3,212,635,537,469 | arxiv | \section{The LOFT mission and the on-board instruments}
\label{sec:intro}
The LOFT mission\cite{feroci11}, selected by ESA in the context of the cosmic vision program in February 2011, is designed to exploit the diagnostics of rapid X-ray flux
and spectral variability in order to probe directly the motion of accreti... |
3,212,635,537,470 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
Giant resonances, excited
by various probes, show, at an initial stage of the excitation process,
a regular motion with a definite vibrational frequency \cite{speth,harakeh}.
These regular motions are then damped due to the coupling with
a huge number of background states, and... |
3,212,635,537,471 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The main idea of this paper comes from the observation that the double ramification (DR) cycle, i.e. the class in the cohomology of the moduli space of stable curves representing the most natural compactification of the locus of smooth curves whose marked points support a principal divisor \cite... |
3,212,635,537,472 | arxiv | \section{Analytic method for Fig~\ref{2-loop-UV-diagrams}(c)}
\noindent
This Appendix derives the analytic result
for the 2-loop \emph{half-boiled egg} diagram of Fig~\ref{2-loop-UV-diagrams}(c).
By the variable transformation
\begin{center}
$x_1= \tau\,(1-\xi)$,~
$x_2= \tau\,\xi$,~
$x_3= (1-\tau)\,\tau'\,(1-\xi')$,~
... |
3,212,635,537,473 | arxiv |
\section{The Distance Oracle}
In this section we give a detailed presentation of both our algorithm
for answering distance queries and our distance oracle data structure.
Combining
Lemmas~\ref{lem:spaceboundDS},~\ref{lem:querytime}
and~\ref{lem:correctness} with $r = n^{2/3}$
directly implies Theorem~\ref{Thm:main}... |
3,212,635,537,474 | arxiv | \section*{Results}
\subsection*{Degenerate vs Non-Degenerate cores}
A dislocation is characterised by its Burgers vector \(\mathbf{b}\) and line direction \(\boldsymbol{\xi}\)~\cite{anderson_2017_disl}.
On a continuum level, \(\mathbf{b}\) is defined as \(\oint_C \left(\partial \mathbf{u}/\partial l \right) \text{d} l\... |
3,212,635,537,475 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
In a reductive algebraic group over $\mathbb{C}$ split over $\mathbb R$ with a fixed
choice of Chevalley generators in the Lie algebra, there is a well-defined
notion of positive, or $\mathbb R_{>0}$-valued points due to Lusztig
\cite{Lus:TotPos94}. In the case of $GL_n$ with the standard choi... |
3,212,635,537,476 | arxiv |
\section*{Acknowledgements}
This research was supported by the NSF (CRII-1656998), Schmidt Sciences, and cloud computing credits from Amazon.
We thank John Langford and Dipendra Misra for helpful and insightful discussions with regards to our learning algorithm. We also thank the anonymous reviewers for their helpful ... |
3,212,635,537,477 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Detection of a pure spin current, i.e., the flow of spin angular momentum without a charge current, with spin-precession signals in semiconductors (SCs) has been reported by measuring four-terminal nonlocal voltages \cite{Johnson,Jedema_Nature} in lateral spin-valve (LSV) devices with SC layers s... |
3,212,635,537,478 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
Modern NLP is dominated by large pre-trained models, systems which are large, complex, and costly to train.
As a result, much research effort is put into questions of tuning and configuring the various layers and training regimes for improving prediction quality on a growing nu... |
3,212,635,537,479 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The \emph{Ramsey number} $r(m,n)$ is the minimum integer $N$ such that every red/blue-coloring of the edges of the complete graph $K_N$ on $N$ vertices contains either a red $K_m$ or a blue $K_n$. Ramsey's theorem guarantees the existence of $r(m,n)$ and determining or estimating Ramsey numbers ... |
3,212,635,537,480 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Models with a joint understanding of language and vision such as CLIP~\cite{radford2021learning}, ALIGN~\cite{jia2021scaling}, and UNITER~\cite{chen2019uniter} have found their use in a number of applications ranging from guiding image generation and editing using language~\cite{ramesh2022hierarc... |
3,212,635,537,481 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Ever since the inception of the Einstein's relativistic field equations, mathematical models for Lagrangian and Hamiltonian field theories have been at the forefront of research in mathematical physics. In this paper $k$ stands for the number of parameters on which the fields depend (e.g. $k=4... |
3,212,635,537,482 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
One of the most important problems of combinatorial abelian group theory is to determine
the number of subgroups of a finite abelian group. This topic has enjoyed a constant evolution
starting with the first half of the $20^{\mathrm{th}}$ century. Since a finite
abelian group is a direct pr... |
3,212,635,537,483 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The realistic quantum systems\cite{Divin98,Nielsen00} are usually
open to environments which result in the
uncontrollable decoherence and dissipation\cite{Breuer,Zoller}.
Therefore, it is of great importance to study the impacts of
environments on the feasible quantum information processin... |
3,212,635,537,484 | arxiv | \section{\textbf{Introduction}}
\label{Section: Introduction}
The wide penetration and overwhelming acceptance of internet in Nigeria and across the globe has facilitated learning, business and other activities that are internet enabled. The introduction of internet technology has impacted positively on everyday activi... |
3,212,635,537,485 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{SEC_INTRO}
In recent years a great deal of attention has been paid to the study of the spin structure of the nucleon using deep inelastic, semi-inclusive hadron production (SIDIS) with two measured, unpolarized final state hadrons~\cite{Bacchetta:2011ip, Bacchetta:2012ty, Pisano:2015wnq}... |
3,212,635,537,486 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Now generally accepted that about half of abundances of chemical elements heavier than iron are produced
by slow neutron captures (s--process) in the deep layers of asymptotic giant branch (AGB) stars.
Mixing brings freshly synthesized heavy elements to the stellar surface (the third dredge-... |
3,212,635,537,487 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec-intro}
Although class II methanol masers are now generally accepted to be
exclusively associated with massive star forming regions \citep[see
eg.][]{ellingsen2006, xu2008}, it is not yet clear how much can be
learned about the star formation environment from the masers. Underlying
t... |
3,212,635,537,488 | arxiv |
\section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
Technology in
smart wearables is advancing rapidly
with an increasing integration of
rich camera and sensor data
\cite{niknejad2020comprehensive,sun2017smart}.
At the same time, there has been remarkable
progress in machine vision technology for processing this visual inf... |
3,212,635,537,489 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The logistic equation describes the population growth. The model is initially published by Pierre Verhulst in 1838 \cite{Cu}. The continuous Logistic model is described by a first order ordinary differential equation. The model describes the population growth that may be limited by certain factor... |
3,212,635,537,490 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
Internet-of-things (IoT), which aims at realizing ubiquitous connectivity for massive devices in a wireless manner \cite{Atzori2010Internet,stankovic2014research}, is one of the major applications of the forthcoming fifth generation (5G) and future wireless networks. Due t... |
3,212,635,537,491 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The world astronomy community is about to embark on
wide-area
galaxy
surveys that
aim
to use large-scale structure probes
to study the origin of cosmic acceleration.
These range from
ground-based imaging and spectroscopic surveys such as the Subaru Hyper
Suprime-Cam (HSC) Survey
\footnote{\ur... |
3,212,635,537,492 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Air absorption is an important source of attenuation in room acoustics and its emulation is
critical to achieving realistic room acoustic simulations~\cite{vorlander2020auralization}. In
general, air attenuation is a frequency-dependent and distance-based effect caused by
viscothermal effects an... |
3,212,635,537,493 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The extreme helium stars (EHes) are supergiants with peculiar chemical
composition. The atmospheres of these supergiants with effective
temperature in the range 8000 -- 35000 K are devoid of hydrogen, and are
enriched with helium, carbon, and nitrogen with respect to the
atmospheres of normal ma... |
3,212,635,537,494 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
A {\em strong edge-coloring} of a graph $G$ is an edge-coloring in which every color class is an induced matching; that is, no edge can be incident to two edges with the same color. The {\em strong chromatic index $\chi_s'(G)$} is the minimum number of colors in a strong edge-coloring of $G$. Th... |
3,212,635,537,495 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Software quality assurance forms an important part of the software development cycle.
Its importance is accepted throughout the software engineering community.
Verification and validation of an application are essential steps in software testing.
The increasing complexity of present-day sof... |
3,212,635,537,496 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Quantum state preparation is the first important step for any protocol that makes use of quantum resources. Examples of such protocols are quantum state teleportation and quantum key distribution which require entangled quantum states. In order to verify the integrity of the quantum state of the ... |
3,212,635,537,497 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Let $V$ be the standard representation of $\ss$ (that is, $V$ is the hyperplane $\sum x_i=0$ in $\C^6$, with $\ss$ acting by permutation of the basis vectors).
The quartic hypersurfaces in $\P(V)\ (\cong \P^4)$ invariant under $\ss$ form the pencil
\[X_t:\ t\sum x_i^4-(\sum x_i^2)^2=0 \ ,\qua... |
3,212,635,537,498 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Early computer vision approaches focused
on producing decent performance
on small datasets.
This often posed overwhelming difficulties,
so researchers seldom quantified
the prediction confidence.
An important mi\-le\-stone
was reached when generalization
was achieved
on realistic datasets
su... |
3,212,635,537,499 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{section:1}
The three-player-game (3PG) is an interesting mathematical quiz. A 3PG involves three players and consists of a series of rounds, each zero-win round involves two out of the three players, at the end of the round the loser quits and the third player enters the ring and another... |
3,212,635,537,500 | arxiv | \section{Acknowledgments}
This research was supported in part by the Comisi\'on Interministerial de
Ciencia y Tecnolog\'{\i}a of Spain under contract MAT 94-0982-C02-01 and by
the Commission of European Communities under contract Ultrafast
CHRX-CT93-0133.
|
3,212,635,537,501 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
A cornerstone of superstring theory is the formulation of perturbative closed string scattering amplitudes based on the path integral of two-dimensional supergravity coupling to matter fields on the worldsheet. The precise definition of the worldsheet path integral requires fixing the gauge redu... |
3,212,635,537,502 | arxiv | \section{The Portable Parallelization Strategies project}
The High Energy Physics Center for Computational Excellence (HEP/CCE) is a pilot project whose mandate is to provide strategies for HEP experiments to adapt to using increasingly heterogeneous High Performance Computers. It is split into 4 parts, targeting porta... |
3,212,635,537,503 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Coherency is a property of matter in quantum world which is most demonstrated in a double-slit experiment. This is also important to understand the dual character of quantum matters. Richard Feynman emphasized that the double-slit interference is at the heart of quantum phenomena: ''In reality,... |
3,212,635,537,504 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{sec:intro}
The use of data driven approaches for material property prediction and material design have become exceedingly common. Because of the dependency between the quality and availability of input data, and the model predictions, different domains of the feature space are predicted wi... |
3,212,635,537,505 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
In this paper we consider the problem of tracking quantiles when data arrive sequentially (data stream). The problem has been considered for many applications like portfolio risk measurement in the stock market \cite{gilli2006application, abbasi2013bootstrap}, fraud detection \cite{zhang2008de... |
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