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3,212,635,539,406 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{intro}
Thesauri and classification systems are two different kinds of \emph{Knowledge Organisation Systems (KOS)} which are widely used in Library and Information Science for annotating documents and other artifacts in (digital) libraries, archives or information systems \cite{weller2010kn... |
3,212,635,539,407 | arxiv | \section{Supersymmetric deformation of the moduli space}
A convenient starting point for lattice $\ensuremath{\mathcal N} = 4$ SYM is the direct discretization of the continuum action produced by topological twisting,\cite{Marcus:1995mq, Kapustin:2006pk}
\begin{align}
S_{\rm formal} & = S_{\rm exact} + S_{\rm closed... |
3,212,635,539,408 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Recently, with the detection of a gravitational wave (GW) event \cite{LIGOScientific:2016,{LIGOScientific:2017}} from a black hole binary merger with the Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory (LIGO) the era of GW-astronomy has begun.
The production of GW can also be associated with ... |
3,212,635,539,409 | arxiv | \section{INTRODUCTION}
\label{sec:intro}
The luminosity function of Active Galactic Nuclei (AGNs) is
one of the principal constraints on the growth of supermassive
black holes over the age of the Universe \markcite{kau00}(e.g., {Kauffmann} \& {Haehnelt} 2000).
Ideally, we would measure the bolometric luminosity fun... |
3,212,635,539,410 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{Sec:intro}
\setcounter{footnote}{0}
Measurements of anisotropies in the cosmic microwave background (CMB) have
played a central role in the development of the current concordance
cosmological model \citep[e.g.,][]{smoot/etal:1992,miller/etal:1999,deBernardis/etal:2000,hanany/etal:2000,... |
3,212,635,539,411 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:introduction}
\begin{figure}
\centering
\includegraphics[width=\linewidth]{{img/bug-knot}.pdf}
\caption{Simplified overview of the tangle of interactions between bugs \&
flaws described in this paper.
A bug in the Linux implementation of Proportional Rate Reduction causes
und... |
3,212,635,539,412 | arxiv | \section{Introduction and Motivation}
The AdS/CFT correspondence \cite{malda,kleb,witten1,witten2} relates
conformal field theory on a manifold $\cal B$ to
supergravity or string theory on
${\cal M} \times {\cal K}$, where $\cal K$ is a compact space,
and $\cal M$ denotes an Einstein manifold with negative cosmologica... |
3,212,635,539,413 | arxiv | \section{A Perfect wavepacket transmission}
We start from the expression for the temporal output pulse as the Fourier transform
\begin{equation} \label{Fourier-transform}
\vec{\psi}\!\left(t \right) = \frac{1}{2 \pi} \int \! d\omega \, \vec{\psi}\!\left(\omega\right) \phi \! \left(\omega\right) e^{-i\omega t},
\end{equ... |
3,212,635,539,414 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{introduction}
Between November 2005 and September 2006 Wikipedia had an article about
Porchesia, a 300,000-inhabitant island in the Mediterranean sea~\cite{porc-06}.
No such place was ever mentioned in the article on the Mediterranean sea or
those of Europe, Asia or Africa. It took ten mo... |
3,212,635,539,415 | arxiv | \section{Introduction and Motivation}
\IEEEPARstart{I}MAGE saliency detection aims at locating the most eye-catching regions in a given scene~\cite{TIP15:2015,OurTIP15}.
As a pre-processing tool, its subsequent applications frequently include various computer vision applications, e.g., adaptive image retargeting~\cite... |
3,212,635,539,416 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Ever since the original result on intersecting families of sets by Erd\H{o}s, Ko and Rado \cite{EKR61}, an abundance of similar `EKR-theorems' in different settings has appeared, with a fitting concept of `intersecting' in each. Along with these results came a plethora of techniques to prove the... |
3,212,635,539,417 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Anomalous statistical systems which exhibit an asymptotic
power law behavior in the probability distribution function
(pdf) are ubiquitous in
nature.\cite{Abe}\tocite{Kaniadakis00} Although not in
equilibrium these distributions characterize a metastable
configuration in which the system remains ... |
3,212,635,539,418 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{intro}
Two weak decay modes of $\Lambda$ Hypernuclei are known, mesonic and
Non-Mesonic (NM). The latter
gives a
unique tool to study the baryon-baryon weak interactions.
Relatively
little information about NM decays
can be inferred by alternative processes, such as nucleon
... |
3,212,635,539,419 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The thermal phase curve observations collected by \textit{Spitzer} have been one of its greatest scientific legacies. \textit{Spitzer} demonstrated that we can detect the variations in disk-integrated flux from an exoplanet as a function of orbital phase \citep[e.g.,][]{harrington2006,deming2020... |
3,212,635,539,420 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
We consider the following Cauchy problem for an nonlinear Dirac Hartree-type equation:
\begin{eqnarray}\label{maineq}
\left\{\begin{array}{l}
(-i\partial_t + \al\cdot D + m\beta) \psi = (V* \left<\psi,\beta\psi\right>)\beta\psi \;\; \mathrm{in}\;\; \mathbb{R}^{1+2}\\
\psi(0) = \psi_0 \in... |
3,212,635,539,421 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The Lenz--Ising model is probably the oldest and most simple non--trivial
model for cooperative behavior which shows spontaneous symmetry
breaking~\cite{Ising,Domb}.
It has a vast number of applications ranging from solid state physics to
biology. Its Hamiltonian is given by
\begin{equation}
{\... |
3,212,635,539,422 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:introduction}
Ontologies are wide-spread in the field of biology and biomedicine, as
they facilitate the management of knowledge and the integration of
information, as in the \emph{Semantic}
Web~\citep{Bermejo2007}. Additionally, biological data are not only
heterogeneous but also req... |
3,212,635,539,423 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sect:introduction}
\subsection{Observations}
Turbulence crucially influences various stages of the formation of planets: (1) the vertical settling of dust grains to a mid-plane layer, whose thickness is determined by the equilibrium between sedimentation and turbulent diffusion \citep{Dubr... |
3,212,635,539,424 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{introduzione}
The present interest in noncommutative space(time) algebras has various motivations.
In particular, such algebras may describe spacetimes at microscopic scales,
regularizing ultraviolet divergencies in quantum field theory (QFT) and/or allowing the quantization of grav... |
3,212,635,539,425 | arxiv | \subsection{Reflection measurement}
The cross-Kerr interaction manifests as photon-number splitting~\cite{Schuster2007} in the measured microwave reflection $S_{11}$ (Fig.~1D).
Distinct peaks correspond to the first transition frequency of the HF mode $|g,n\rangle\leftrightarrow|e,n\rangle$, with frequencies $\omega_\t... |
3,212,635,539,426 | arxiv |
\section*{Derivation of Eqs. 6 and 7}
In this section, we derive our main result given in Eqs.~6 and 7 of the main text. This derivation is based on a dynamical programming argument (also known as a backward approach). We consider evolving the system from time $t$ to $t+dt$. According to the equations of motion in Eq... |
3,212,635,539,427 | arxiv |
\section{Our Algorithm and Its Overview}
\label{sec:overview}
This section provides the overview of our algorithm, which is based on the {\em connectivity augmentation} framework plus the Halo-set decomposition method. To be specific, our algorithm starts with an empty graph called $H_0=(V,\emptyset)$. Then we add ed... |
3,212,635,539,428 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\noindent Lorentzian spacetimes for which all polynomial scalar invariants
constructed from the Riemann tensor and its covariant derivatives
are constant are called $CSI$ spacetimes \cite{CSI}. For a Riemannian
manifold every $CSI$ space is locally homogeneous $(CSI \equiv
H)$ \cite{prufer}. ... |
3,212,635,539,429 | arxiv | \section{The second law puzzle}
Let me begin my talk\footnote{This article is a written version of a talk given at the 18th UK and European Conference on Foundations of Physics (16-18 July 2016, LSE, London)} by recalling one version of the second law of thermodynamics:
\medskip
\noindent
\textit{The entr... |
3,212,635,539,430 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Correlated insulating behaviour and unconventional superconductivity was
recently observed in twisted bilayer graphene (TBG) at a 'magic' angle of 1.1$^\circ$
\cite{Nature.Cao,Nature.Cao2,PNAS.MacD}.
While the nature of superconductivity is still contested,
formation of ultraflatbands near the... |
3,212,635,539,431 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
Artificial Intelligence for Science~\cite{stevens2020ai} is concerned
with the use of AI methods
to accelerate our understanding of the natural world,
and to assist the application of this understanding to
the development of areas of engineering, medicine, healthcare,
a... |
3,212,635,539,432 | arxiv | \section{Arcs on $cA$-type singularities}\label{sec.irreds}
\begin{defn}[$cA$-type singularities]
In some coordinates write a hypersurface singularity as
$$
X:=\bigl(f(x_1,\dots, x_{n+1})=0\bigr)\subset \c^{n+1}.
$$
Assume that $X$ is singular at
the origin and
let $f_2$ denote the quadratic part of $f$.
If $\mult... |
3,212,635,539,433 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\subsection{Notation}
For the purpose of this paper, a \emph{digraph} exclusively means a simple, directed graph without loops or multiple edges (including edges in the same direction and antiparallel edges).\\
\indent For any pair of vertices $u,v$ in a digraph $D$, the length of the shortest... |
3,212,635,539,434 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{intro}
It is known that Painlev\'e \cite{Painleve}, Gullstrand
\cite{Gullstrand} and (some years later) Lema{\^{\i}}tre
\cite{Elmestre} used a non-orthogonal curvature coordinate system
which allows to extend the Schwarzschild solution inside its horizon, see Eq.
(\ref{PG-form}) b... |
3,212,635,539,435 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\begin{figure}[t]
\centering
\begin{tabular}{ccccc}
Blurry & \multicolumn{4}{c}{ Iterations 10, 30, 100 and 250} \\
$23.12dB$ & $24.17dB$ & $26.43dB$ & $29.1dB$ & $29.9dB$
\end{tabular}
\includegraphics[width=.19\columnwidth]{{vis1_23.12map-0.png.png}.jpeg}
\includegraphics[width=.19\columnwid... |
3,212,635,539,436 | arxiv | \section{introduction}
Massive nuclear clusters~(NCs) are observed at the center of many galaxies, over the whole Hubble sequence.
The frequency of nucleation among galaxies less luminous than
$\sim10^{10.5}~L_\odot$ is close to $90~\%$ as determined by ACS HST observations of
galaxies in the Virgo and Fornax gala... |
3,212,635,539,437 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Understanding the dynamics of quasiparticle excitations in a superconductor and how they interact with the superconducting condensate is important for understanding dissipation mechanisms responsible for decoherence in superconducting devices \cite{Lutchyn2006,Zgirski2011}.
For example, thermall... |
3,212,635,539,438 | arxiv | \section{Space objects in LEO are proliferating rapidly}\label{sec1}
Orbital space near the Earth has been transformed radically since the launch of the first artificial satellite in 1957. The number of functional satellites in low-Earth orbit (LEO) has more than doubled since early 2019 due to the advent of large gro... |
3,212,635,539,439 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\blfootnote{
%
%
%
%
\hspace{-0.65cm}
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons
Attribution 4.0 International Licence.
Licence details:
\url{http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/}.
}
Rec... |
3,212,635,539,440 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Ever since the discovery that the universe is undergoing a late-time accelerated expansion \citep{acc_universe} the biggest challenge within the field has been to argue why this is happening. The two main hypothesis are that the expansion is driven by some unknown exotic component known as dark e... |
3,212,635,539,441 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations are frequently used in computational materials science to study the behaviour of both molecular and bulk systems. These simulations assume that the energy of an atom can be defined as a function of the local atomic environment, and the way th... |
3,212,635,539,442 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{sec:intro}
Scatterers in a homogeneous medium can be imaged by probing the medium
with a wave emanating from a point source, and recording the reflected
waves at one or more receivers. An image of the scatterers can be
generated by repeating this experiment while varying the position of th... |
3,212,635,539,443 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Until now, the primary way that stars and galaxies have been
classified in large sky surveys has been a morphological separation
\citep[e.g.,][]{kron80,yee91,vasconcellos11a,henrion11a} of point
sources (presumably stars) from resolved sources (presumably
galaxies). At bright apparent magnitude... |
3,212,635,539,444 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Magic Squares (MS's), arrays of Lie algebras enjoying remarkable symmetry properties under reflection with respect to their main diagonal, were
discovered long time ago by Freudenthal, Rozenfeld and Tits \cite{fr1, tits, rz}, and their structure and fascinating properties have been studied exten... |
3,212,635,539,445 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The classification problem for extremal traces on direct limits of finite-dimensional $C^*$-algebras has a decennia long history in mathematics that is intertwined with many different fields such as probability theory, symmetric functions, $K$-theory or representation theory \cite{BO16} just to ... |
3,212,635,539,446 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The {\em generalised Khovanov algebra} $H^n_m$ is a certain
positively graded symmetric algebra
defined via an explicit calculus of diagrams. It
was introduced by Khovanov in the case $m=n$
as part of his ground-breaking
work categorifying the Jones polynomial \cite{K,K2}.
In \cite{CK, S}, the ... |
3,212,635,539,447 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{submission}
Federated learning (FL) has been widely applied to different applications given its high efficiency and privacy-preserving properties~\cite{smith2017federated,mcmahan2016communication,zhao2018federated}.
However, recent studies show that it is easy for the local client to add ... |
3,212,635,539,448 | arxiv | \section{Electronic Submission}
\label{submission}
Submission to ICML 2019 will be entirely electronic, via a web site
(not email). Information about the submission process and \LaTeX\ templates
are available on the conference web site at:
\begin{center}
\textbf{\texttt{http://icml.cc/}}
\end{center}
The guidelines b... |
3,212,635,539,449 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The Fierz identities are relations among elements of the Clifford algebra, spinors, and the exterior algebra associated with the vector space $\mathbb{R}^n$ with metric $g$. They have been used in Dirac's treatment of electron spin in signature (1,3) \cite{lounesto} as well as in M-theory (which... |
3,212,635,539,450 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\vspace{-0.2cm}
MillimetterWave (mmW) communications utilize the part of the electromagnetic spectrum between 30 and 300~GHz, which corresponds to wavelengths from 10~mm to 1~mm~\cite{Smulders07}. MmW wireless networks in the 60 GHz unlicensed band are considered one of the key technologies for en... |
3,212,635,539,451 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Ramsey's Theorem, regarding colorings of tuples of $\omega$, is a fundamental result in combinatorics. Naturally, set theorists have studied generalizations of this theorem which concern colorings of pairs of countable ordinals, that is to say, colorings on $\omega_1$. The most straightforward ... |
3,212,635,539,452 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\indent
This paper is a contribution to the study of the interactions between
descriptive set theory and theoretical computer science. These interactions
have already been the subject of many studies, see for instance
\cite{Landweber69,Wagner79,LescowThomas,Staiger97,Selivanov03b,NW03,PerrinPin,S... |
3,212,635,539,453 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
Fluctuations are important observables
in relativistic heavy-ion collisions for the search for
the QCD critical point and the phase transition
to the deconfined medium~\cite{Asakawa:2015ybt,Luo:2017faz}.
In particular, non-Gaussianity of fluctuations characterized by
the high... |
3,212,635,539,454 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Uncertainty quantifications in physical and engineering applications often involve the study of
partial differential equations (PDE) with random coefficient field. To understand the behavior of a
system in the presence of uncertainties, one can extract PDE-derived physical quantities as
functiona... |
3,212,635,539,455 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Collisions and interactions between galaxies in groups almost
inevitably lead to mergers, with orbital energy converted into random
motions of the constituents, and into the kinetic energy of tidal tail
ejecta. However, this process is not direct; the initial and final
relaxed states are separ... |
3,212,635,539,456 | arxiv | \part{0}
\pagerange{\pageref{firstpage}--\pageref{lastpage}}
\doi{S0963548301004989}
\begin{document}
\label{firstpage}
\maketitle
\begin{abstract}
This guide is for authors who are preparing papers for the
{\em Journal of Plasma Physics\/}
using the \LaTeXe\ document preparation system and the Cambridge... |
3,212,635,539,457 | arxiv | \section{Experiment Details}\label{appendix:experiments}
In Appendix \ref{ssec:dataset}, we describe the datasets utilized.
In Appendix \ref{ssec:params}, we describe the various algorithms we compare with as well as the choice of hyper-parameters used for each of them.
\subsection{Datasets} \label{ssec:dataset}
We ... |
3,212,635,539,458 | arxiv | \section{Copyright}
All papers submitted for publication by AAAI Press must be accompanied by a valid signed copyright form. They must also contain the AAAI copyright notice at the bottom of the first page of the paper. There are no exceptions to these requirements. If you fail to provide us with a signed copyright for... |
3,212,635,539,459 | arxiv |
\section{Introduction%
\label{introduction}%
}
The moduli space $M_{g,n}$ of smooth Riemann surfaces is a
topological space which has been subject of much research both in
algebraic geometry and in string theory. It is known since the '90s
that this space has a triangulation indexed by a special kind of
graphs \ci... |
3,212,635,539,460 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
In the
Ramond- Neveu - Schwarz theory \cite{rnshw} the superstring
interaction amplitudes are obtained by a summation of the spinning
(fermion) string interaction amplitudes. The string world-sheet
carries the zweibein $e_m^a$ and the 2D-gravitino field $\phi_m$.
Due to the local 2D-... |
3,212,635,539,461 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
In these proceedings we review some recent developments in integrand reduction
methods for two-loop amplitudes and their application to five particle
amplitudes in massless QCD. NNLO QCD corrections to processes such as $pp\to
3j$, $pp\to H+2j$ and $pp\to W+2j$ are currently a high priority with... |
3,212,635,539,462 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Cosmic structure forms hierarchically, with smaller structures merging to form bigger ones. On the largest scales, clusters of galaxies merge releasing energies of the order of $10^{64}$ erg on time scales of 1--2 Gyr \citep[e.g.][]{Hoeft2008}. During such merger events, large-scale shock waves ... |
3,212,635,539,463 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{s.introduction}
The next few years promise new constraints on the dense matter inside neutron stars. Progress on the equation of state may come from the detection of gravitational waves from merging neutron stars \cite{Lackey2012,Chatziioannou2015}, discovery of a neutron star with mass ab... |
3,212,635,539,464 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
For several reasons, massive neutrinos are important in modern particle physics.
The theoretical extensions in
form
of grand unified theories of the very successful standard model
may be checked by their prediction of \nue masses.
Moreover massive neutrinos would open up a variety of new phen... |
3,212,635,539,465 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
In the last few years there has been a renewed interest on soft theorems. Although the latter were first investigated long time ago~\cite{Low:1954kd,GellMann:1954kc,Low:1958sn,Weinberg:1965nx,Burnett:1967km,Bell:1969yw} and they are well established in phenomenological applications, the new ent... |
3,212,635,539,466 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
Light can exert a force. Although this statement is uncontroversial
today, its confirmation was a remarkable triumph a little over a
century ago\cite{Nichols1903}, only a couple of centuries after
scientists had finally managed to show that light moves at all (as
opposed to ap... |
3,212,635,539,467 | arxiv | \section{Introduction} \label{sec:Introduction}
Since the monolayer graphene was isolated~\cite{Novoselov2004} and shown to
exhibit the quantum Hall effect~\cite{Novoselov2005tdg, Zhang2005eoq} a few
years ago, ultrathin carbon systems have attracted tremendous
attention.~\cite{graphene_review} Their electron properti... |
3,212,635,539,468 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{intro}
The Ginzburg-Landu theory of superconductivity \cite{ginzburg1950theory} describes the transient behavior and vortex motions of superconductors in an external magnetic field. The time dependent Ginzburg-Landau (TDGL) equations are widely used in the simulations, where the nondim... |
3,212,635,539,469 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Since Lotka and Volterra's seminal and pioneering works \cite{Lotka,Volterra},
many decades ago, modeling of interacting, competing species has received
considerable attention in the fields of biology, ecology, mathematics
\cite{Haken,Neal,May1,Maynard,Murray,Kolmogorov,Montroll,Picard,Sigmund... |
3,212,635,539,470 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Brown dwarfs form the extended low-mass tail of the stellar initial mass function, and brown dwarfs as low-mass as four Jupiter-masses ($M_{\rm Jup}$) have been found in young clusters and associations \citep[e.g.,][]{Best2017,Esplin2017}. The difference between giant planet and brown dwarf form... |
3,212,635,539,471 | arxiv | \section*{Supplemental Materials}
\renewcommand{\theequation}{A\arabic{equation}}
\setcounter{equation}{0}
\renewcommand{\thefigure}{A\arabic{figure}}
\setcounter{figure}{0}
\subsection{A. Continuously-parameterized HS transformations}
Continuous parametrization of HS transformations is essential to the ADSM frame... |
3,212,635,539,472 | arxiv | \section{Introdcution}
Completely integrable quantum field theories on two-dimensional Minkowski space have attracted the interest of physicists and mathematicians for a long time. On the one hand, such models are interesting in their own right, as they provide examples of non-trivial quantum field theories which are ... |
3,212,635,539,473 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{sec:intro}
Cosmology observations from Type Ia supernovae (SNIe) gave the first evidence for a late-time acceleration in the expansion of the Universe \citep{Perlmutter1999,Riess1998}. A Type Ia supernova (SNIa) is the cataclysmic explosion of a white dwarf star that occurs when the white ... |
3,212,635,539,474 | arxiv |
\section{Introduction}
Interferometry is not indispensable to the experiments that seek to detect gravitational waves (GWs) by monitoring the displacement of freely falling test masses.
Sensitivity is set by disturbances to free fall (acceleration noise) and by the precision of the distance measurement (position noi... |
3,212,635,539,475 | arxiv | \section*{Introduction}
Consider the sequential reduction in rank of the symmmetry group $E_6$:
\begin{eqnarray}
E_6 &\rightarrow& SO(10) ~[\times U(1)_\psi] \\
&\rightarrow& SU(5) ~[\times U(1)_\chi] \\
&\rightarrow& SU(3)_C \times SU(2)_L ~[\times U(1)_Y].
\end{eqnarray}
At each step, a U(1) gauge factor ma... |
3,212,635,539,476 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Planetary Nebulae (PNe) have been studied for decades, and through those
efforts an understanding has come of
the final phases of stellar evolution of stars with masses in
the $\sim$1 -- 8 M$_{\odot}$ range (also called the low- and intermediate-mass stars, or LIMS).
Planetary nebulae are e... |
3,212,635,539,477 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{INTRO}
Graph coloring, as a special case of the graph homomorphism
problem, is widely known to be among the most fundamental problems
in graph theory and combinatorics.
Based on some recent deep
non-approximability results
(see e.g. \cite{ARO09,GON07,GHS02,HENE04,JETO95,RASU07} and referenc... |
3,212,635,539,478 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
This is a continuation of series of papers \citet{Pdot},
\citet{Pdot2}, \citet{Pdot3}, \citet{Pdot4}, \citet{Pdot5},
\citet{Pdot6}, \citet{Pdot7} and \citet{Pdot8} reporting
new observations of superhumps in SU UMa-type dwarf novae.
SU UMa-type dwarf novae are a class of cataclysmic
variables... |
3,212,635,539,479 | arxiv | \section*{Nomenclature}
\vspace{-0.4cm}
\begin{table}[h!]
\centering
\begin{tabular}{lll}
$\alpha$ & Penalty coefficient for ESS charging \\
$\beta$ & Penalty coefficient for ESS discharging \\
$c_{e}$ & Cost of $P_{\rm grid}$ (\$/kWh)\\
$E$ & ESS state of charge (kWh)\\
$E_{\rm max}$ & Maximum ... |
3,212,635,539,480 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
In recent years, transformers have been gaining ground versus traditional convolutional neural networks in a number of computer vision tasks. The work of Dosovitskiy et al~\cite{dosovitskiy2020image} demonstrated the use of the pure transformer model for image classification. Th... |
3,212,635,539,481 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Considering Euclid's proof for the existence many infinity primes,
we can get the following inequality for many infinite values of
$n$:
$$
1\leq\pi\big((n+1)^2\big)-\pi(n^2),
$$
in which $\pi(x)=\#[2,x]\cap{\mathbb P}$, and ${\mathbb P}$ is set of all primes.
Now, we have some strong results, whi... |
3,212,635,539,482 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Data plays a central role in the modern economy, and demand for it by individuals, organizations, and businesses has grown substantially due to the increasing value it provides. It has thus become the subject of trading, and designing and understanding markets for data (or more generally, informa... |
3,212,635,539,483 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Recently, vision-language grounded embodied agents have received increased attention~\cite{minos,kolve2017ai2,embodiedqa} due to their popularity in many intriguing real-world applications, \eg, in-home robots and personal assistants.
Meanwhile, such an agent pushes forward visual and language gr... |
3,212,635,539,484 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The particle physics community is eagerly awaiting the start-up of
the LHC. The measurements at this proton-proton collider with a center
of mass system energy of 14 TeV will
shed light on the origin of
electroweak symmetry breaking and are expected to provide
collider signatures of dark m... |
3,212,635,539,485 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{sec:intro1}
Factor Analysis (FA)~\citep{anderson2003, Bartholomew_Knott_Moustaki_2011,mardia}, a widely used methodology in classical and modern multivariate statistics is used as a tool to obtain a parsimonious representation of
the correlation structure among a set of variables in terms o... |
3,212,635,539,486 | arxiv | \section{\bf 1. Introduction}
For specially symmetric situations it is often possible to relate the
eigenvalue problem on a bounded region, ${\cal M}}\def\mwilde{{\widetilde{\cal M}}$, to one on a covering space,
the method of images being an example. As Pockels [\putref{Pockels}] has
pointed out, in the case of the bo... |
3,212,635,539,487 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{intro}
Some fission fragments located on neutron-rich side of the nuclear chart emit neutrons after the $\beta$-decay, which are the so-called delayed neutrons. Delayed neutron yields resulting from neutron induced fission of actinide nuclides are crucial to making a light water reactor ... |
3,212,635,539,488 | arxiv | \section{\label{sec:Intro}Introduction}
Quantum spin liquid (QSL) materials exhibit an unusual magnetic ground state that is characterized by long-range quantum entanglement of the spins without long-range magnetic order.\cite{Balents2010} While they have been theoretically predicted for many years,\cite{Anderson1973,... |
3,212,635,539,489 | arxiv | \subsection{Aggressive Selection Algorithm}
\label{sec:Aggressive}
Now we present a new approach to selecting which vertices from the graphs $G^-_\rho(v)$ should be carried over to graphs $G_\rho(v)$. In \cite{santacruz:2013} we proved that the conservative selection algorithm in the previous subsection ensures that ... |
3,212,635,539,490 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{sec:intro}
Decision-making under uncertainty is of fundamental importance, but it
is computationally hard, especially under partial
observability~\cite{papadimitriou1987complexity}.
In a partially observable world, the agent cannot determine the
state exactly based on the current observati... |
3,212,635,539,491 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
\input{sections/intro.tex}
\section{Related Work}
\label{sec:related_work}
\input{sections/related.tex}
\section{Methodology}
\label{sec:approach}
\input{sections/methods.tex}
\section{Experiments}
\label{sec:experiments}
\input{sections/exp.tex}
\section{Conclusion}
\input... |
3,212,635,539,492 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\begin{figure}
\centering
\begin{minipage}[b]{1.0\linewidth}
\centering
\subfloat[][Real-World Data With In-Distribution and Out-of-Distribution Data]{\label{fig1_a}\includegraphics[width=1.0\linewidth]{jpgs/fig1_a.png}}
\end{minipage}
\medskip
\begin{minipage}[b]{1.0\linewidth}
\ce... |
3,212,635,539,493 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Power system state estimation (PSSE) is a critical component of modern Energy Management Systems (EMSs) for multiple purposes, including monitoring, analysis, security, control, and management of the power delivery \cite{Abur_Gomez_book}.
The PSSE is conducted using topological informati... |
3,212,635,539,494 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{sec:intro}
Transit and radial velocity surveys have found an increasing number of planets with low mass and/or radius orbiting other suns \citep{BoruckiCandidates2,MayorTwins,Dumusque}. Some of these planets may even be found in the habitable zones around their parent stars \citep{Pepe,Quin... |
3,212,635,539,495 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Among the most fundamental and classical results in mathematics is the fact that every univariate polynomial of degree $d$ over ${\mathbb C}$ splits into $d$ linear factors (i.e., ${\mathbb C}$ is algebraically closed), and that there is no closed formula to determine their roots in terms of rad... |
3,212,635,539,496 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Discovered by the \emph{Voyager} spacecraft in 1980 and 1981,
Prometheus and Pandora are two small moons of Saturn. Properties of
their orbits are summarized in Table \ref{tab:eqterms}. A series of
observations starting in 1995 found that the orbital longitude of each
satellite deviated by about... |
3,212,635,539,497 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
There have been many developments in the field of
exactly solvable models.
Various models were found to be exactly solvable
and various methods were
invented to solve these models
\cite{McWu, Bax, Gaudin, IK, Sm, JM}.
The vertex operator approach
\cite{JM, DFJMN}
provides a powerfu... |
3,212,635,539,498 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Unity of physics dictates that various physical phenomena and the
principles underlying them are related to one another. But some of
the concepts, phenomena and structures found in physics are more
fundamental than others. I believe spacetime foam (arising from
quantum fluctuations of spacet... |
3,212,635,539,499 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{sec:Intro}
The adjoint method has proved to be an indispensable tool in computational modelling and optimization, enabling sensitivity analysis, goal-oriented error estimation and data assimilation, for example (see \cite{Gunzburger2003}).
It is used to compute the derivative of an objecti... |
3,212,635,539,500 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD) is the theory of the strong interactions.
Its most important properties are the confinement of quarks and gluons at low
energies and asymptotic freedom at high scales. Lattice simulations of QCD
have unambiguously shown that at zero quark densities these two, fund... |
3,212,635,539,501 | arxiv | \section{High Granularity Readout Simulation}
In this section, the effect of a higher granularity of readout of a TPC on the \dEdx{} resolution is investigated in simulation and quantified.
\subsection{Motivation}
\label{sec_motivation}
As laid out in~\autocite[][chapter 10]{BlumRolandi08}, previous gaseous detectors... |
3,212,635,539,502 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Photometric redshifts are a key component for the exploitation of large imaging surveys \citep[see, e.g.,][for a review]{Salvato19}. They are a cheap alternative to spectroscopic surveys for the measurement of distances of millions of galaxies. They have been widely used to study the evolution ... |
3,212,635,539,503 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
This paper derives from first principles the extra ghost terms which must be added to the classical Hamiltonian in the BRST quantization of systems with secondary (and higher) constraints.
BRST cohomology provides a systematic approach to the path integral quantization of systems with symmetry... |
3,212,635,539,504 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
In this paper, we review some extensions of the Anti de Sitter/Conformal Field Theory (AdS/CFT) correspondence to describe the gluonic sector of Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD). More precisely, we emphasize main concepts used in the holographic computation of the scalar glueball mass. By the way, th... |
3,212,635,539,505 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{introduction}
The dust content of galaxies, and specifically the effects this has on photometric observations, is of great importance in the field of galaxy formation and evolution.
Within this framework, the Magellanic Clouds (MCs) are arguably two of the most studied galaxies, due prima... |
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