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2,121,713,844,341
arxiv
\section{\bf Introduction} Given a nonsingular projective variety $V$ of general type, by definition, the pluricanonical map $\varphi_m$ is birational for all sufficiently large integer $m$. It is natural and interesting to find an effective bound for $m$. By the result of Hacon-McKernan \cite{H-M}, Takayama \cite{Ta}...
2,121,713,844,342
arxiv
\section{\textbf{Introduction }} Multi-Marginal optimal transport is the problem of correlating probability measures to maximize a given surplus function. There are two formulations of this problem: the Kantorovich formulation and the Monge formulation. In the Kantorovich formulation, given Borel probability measures ...
2,121,713,844,343
arxiv
\section{Introduction} At low redshifts, close to half of the baryons in the Universe have yet to be identified (Fukugita \& Peebles, 2004). Numerical simulations suggest the existence of a Warm-Hot Intergalactic Medium (WHIM) phase of mildly non-linear structures (Cen \& Ostriker, 1999, 2006; Dav\'e et al. 2004; S...
2,121,713,844,344
arxiv
\section{Introduction} {Complete integrability} and chaotic motion are two opposite characteristic behaviors of any dynamical system. Whereas integrability is exceptional, only a very few systems render this property, chaotic motion is generic. In the special case of Hamiltonian systems one has a notion of {\em c...
2,121,713,844,345
arxiv
\section{Introduction}\label{sec:introduction} The increasing availability of digital music corpora and the growing interest in empirical approaches and methods in musicology has brought new challenges and opportunities for Musical Information Retrieval (MIR). Large symbolic cross-cultural music corpora demand new tool...
2,121,713,844,346
arxiv
\section{Introduction}\label{sec: introduction} A key task in machine learning systems is representation learning \citep{bengio}, as the system performance is often reflected by the quality of the learned representation. In the case of end-to-end supervised training, a (typically) low-dimensional representation is lear...
2,121,713,844,347
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Let $k$ be an algebraically closed field of characteristic $char(k) \geq 0$. Let $X$ be a polarized irreducible smooth projective algebraic variety over $k$. Let $E$ be a vector bundle on $X$ together with a filtration \begin{equation}\label{eqn-1.1} \mathcal{F}^{\bullet}(E)\, : \,\,\, E = \ma...
2,121,713,844,348
arxiv
\section{Introduction:} Throughout the years, brain theory incarnated in various forms following contemporaneous technology. As expressed by Braitenberg \cite{braitenberg}: \emph{...Fascinating aspects of the latest technology are always creeping into science and being turned into subconscious motives for theory....
2,121,713,844,349
arxiv
\section{Introduction}\label{Introduction} Superbursts have been discovered by long term monitoring of the X-ray sky with instruments such as RXTE and BeppoSAX. Compared to normal type I X-ray bursts, they are 1000 times more energetic (integrated burst energies of about $10^{42}$ ergs), 1000 times longer (...
2,121,713,844,350
arxiv
\section{Experiments} \label{sec:expt} In this section we empirically validate the decorrelated estimators in two scenarios that involve sequential dependence in covariates. Our first scenario is a simple experiment of multi-armed bandits while the second scenario is autoregressive time series data. In these cases...
2,121,713,844,351
arxiv
\section{Acknowledgment} We are grateful to Maarten Wegewijs for enlightening discussions.
2,121,713,844,352
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{s:intro} Intermediate-mass black holes (IMBHs) are of interest in a variety of astrophysical contexts (see, e.g., the reviews by van der Marel 2004; Miller \& Colbert 2004). Especially the possible presence of IMBHs in the centers of globular clusters has intrigued astronomers for decades...
2,121,713,844,353
arxiv
\section{Introduction} An S-system is a dynamical system on the positive orthant for which the right hand side is given by differences of power products (monomials) with real exponents. They were introduced by Savageau \cite{Savageau1969} in the context of biochemical systems theory. In a previous paper \cite{boros:ho...
2,121,713,844,354
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Electron-positron pair creation from vacuum in intense electromagnetic fields, known as the Schwinger effect, is a nonperturbative phenomena in quantum electrodynamics (QED) challenging both theoretically and experimentally \cite{Sauter:1931zz,Heisenberg:1935qt,Schwinger:1951nm}. As is identifie...
2,121,713,844,355
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The well-known McKay conjecture from 1972 posits that for a finite group $G$ and a prime $\ell$ dividing $|G|$, there should be a bijection between the irreducible characters of degree prime to $\ell$ of $G$ and those of $\operatorname{N}_G(P)$ for a Sylow $\ell$-subgroup $P$ of $G$. The block...
2,121,713,844,356
arxiv
\section*{Figure Captions\markboth {FIGURECAPTIONS}{FIGURECAPTIONS}}\list {Figure \arabic{enumi}:\hfill}{\settowidth\labelwidth{Figure 999:} \leftmargin\labelwidth \advance\leftmargin\labelsep\usecounter{enumi}}} \let\endfigcap\endlist \relax \def\tablecap{\section*{Table Captions\markbo...
2,121,713,844,357
arxiv
\subsection{Transfer Function for Building Damage Diagnosis} Earthquake-induced building damage diagnosis is a challenging problem. In recent years, wide deployment of vibration sensing systems in buildings has provided rich building responses during earthquakes and enabled the applications of data-driven approaches ...
2,121,713,844,358
arxiv
\section{Introduction and main results}\label{sec-1} During the past three decades, the quasihyperbolic metric has become an important tool in geometric function theory and in its generalizations to metric spaces and Banach spaces \cite{Vai5}. Yet, some basic questions of the quasihyperbolic geometry in Banach spaces...
2,121,713,844,359
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The concept of high-gain adaptive feedback arose from a desire to stabilize certain classes of linear continuous systems without the need to explicitly identify the unknown system parameters. This type of adaptive controller does not identify system parameters at all, but rather adapts the feedb...
2,121,713,844,360
arxiv
\section{Introduction} In the last decade it has been reached a general consensus that Ultra-relativistic heavy-ion collisions (uRHICs) at the Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collider (RHIC) and the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) create a hot and dense strongly interacting quark and gluon plasma (QGP)~~\cite{STAR_PHENIX, ALICE_2...
2,121,713,844,361
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Either $95\%$ of the observed universe is made of things that have not yet been observed in the Solar system, or the law of dynamics or gravity should be modified in very low accelerations or very weak gravitational fields. The $\Lambda$-CDM model of cosmology buys the first approach. Its chall...
2,121,713,844,362
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{section:one} Since the discovery of high-T$_c$ superconductivity in LaOFeAs~\cite{Kamihara2008}, great effort has been devoted to pursuing higher superconducting transition temperatures $T_c$~\cite{Ren2008} as well as to the understanding of the various phase transitions in these ...
2,121,713,844,363
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Noncommutative gauge theories with simple groups can only be formulated with the so called enveloping algebra approach, which makes use of Seiberg-Witten maps to relate noncommutative gauge orbits to ordinary ones \cite{Jurco:2001rq}. Since the Seiberg-Witten maps are generically obtained pert...
2,121,713,844,364
arxiv
\section{Introduction}\label{section1} \subsection{Heisenberg uniqueness pairs.} The uncertainty principle for Fourier transform states that a nonzero function and its Fourier transform both cannot be too concentrated at the same time (for the details see \cite{B, HJ, Hei}). The notion of Heisenberg uniqueness pai...
2,121,713,844,365
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{intro} It is well-known that General Relativity permits the existence of closed time-like curves (CTCs). There is now a significant body of results in the quantum information literature on quantum interactions with CTCs, offering a possible window on what we might expect in a future theo...
2,121,713,844,366
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Among elements heavier than helium, the abundances of carbon (C), nitrogen (N) and oxygen (O) amount to about 2/3 of all elements by mass. Moreover, O is the major contributor to the opacity in the solar interior that determines the transport of energy and thus the interior structure of the Sun...
2,121,713,844,367
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The continuum spectral energy distribution (SED) is an important observable of astrophysical sources embedded in a dusty environment such as young stellar objects (YSO), active galactic nuclei (AGN), and post-AGB stars. It allows one to probe the mass, composition, temperature, and spatial distri...
2,121,713,844,368
arxiv
2,121,713,844,369
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Multiscale modeling is one of the central challenges in many areas of materials science \cite{AA_CG,EEL07,cit1}. The properties of modern materials are often determined by an interplay of structural features and processes on length scales that span several orders of magnitude. For example, many ...
2,121,713,844,370
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{intro} In order to learn about the range of applicability of both hydrodynamics and energy loss mechanisms in heavy-ion collisions, we study Cu+Cu collisions at $\sqrt{s}=200\,{\rm GeV}$ and different centralities. Cu+Cu collisions are ideally suited for this because they are systems with...
2,121,713,844,371
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:introduction} \IEEEPARstart{A}{utomatic} and accurate segmentation of tissues, organs or lesions \cite{ref1,ref2,ref3,ref4,ref5,ref28} provides valuable biomarkers for diagnosis, treatment and prognosis. Deep convolutional neural networks (CNN) were proposed and proven to achieve effic...
2,121,713,844,372
arxiv
\section{Introduction}\label{sect:intro} Discovered in 1975 by \cite{rosenberg75}, the Be/X-ray binary pulsar A\,0535+26\xspace \footnote{Referred to as 1A 0535+262 in SIMBAD} consists of an X-ray pulsar with a pulse period of $P$$\sim$103\,s in an eccentric orbit \citep[$e$$\sim$0.47,][]{finger94_2} of $P_{\mathrm{or...
2,121,713,844,373
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Inspired by the finding that the topologies of a surprisingly large class of complex systems can be described by generic classes of networks, the last decade has seen a very rapid development in network modelling, cf. \cite{nets} for reviews. A particular emphasis has been put on two ubiquitous ...
2,121,713,844,374
arxiv
\section{Introduction} In high-energy hadronic collisions, all projectiles, be it protons or nuclei, have finite spatial extension and thus collide generically at finite impact parameter. This finite impact parameter, as well as event-by-event fluctuations, both result in an azimuthally asymmetric shape of the intera...
2,121,713,844,375
arxiv
\section*{\begin{center}\normalsize{\sc \S \arabic{mypar}. #1}\end{center}}} \newcommand{\mythm}[2]{\addtocounter{thmcounter}{1}\subparagraph{{\sc \arabic{mypar}.\arabic{thmcounter}. #1}}{\it #2}} \newcommand{\thm}[2]{\subparagraph{{\sc#1\ }}{\it #2}} \newcommand{\remark}[1]{\subparagraph{\it #1}} \newcommand{\add...
2,121,713,844,376
arxiv
\section*{Introduction} Bo\"{o}tes~I\xspace, one of the ultra-faint dwarf (UFD) spheroidal galaxy satellites of the Milky Way, was discovered by \citet{2006ApJ...647L.111B} when analyzing the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) catalogue \citep{2000AJ....120.1579Y}. It is located at a distance of $\sim$60~kpc and has a ra...
2,121,713,844,377
arxiv
\section*{Abstract} \input{Abstract} \section*{Acknowledgements} A heartfelt thanks goes to Valter Moretti for carefully reviewing the manuscript and giving valuable feedback. More generally, his didactic work - in particular \cite{Mor2020} - has been a fundamental inspiration and I am thankful for h...
2,121,713,844,378
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Cosmic strings may have resulted from phase transitions in the early Universe [1,2]. Stability of these formations is insured by the appropriate non-zero topological charge (winding number). From the well-known solutions of field equations describing gravitating cosmic strings [3-7] one can see ...
2,121,713,844,379
arxiv
\section*{Introduction} In Neuroscience, the action potentials (spikes) are the main components of the real-time information processing in the brain. Indeed, thanks to the synaptic integration, the membrane voltage of a neuron depends on the action potentials emitted by some others, whereas if this membrane potential ...
2,121,713,844,380
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The efficient approximation of a unitary using a discrete universal gate set is crucial for building a scalable quantum computing device. Barenco {\em et al.} \cite{Barenco1995} showed that any unitary may be implemented by a circuit with CNOT and single qubit gates, effectively reducing the pro...
2,121,713,844,381
arxiv
\section{Introduction} We consider the problem of computing the determinant of symmetric, diagonally dominant (SDD) matrices, i.e. real symmetric matrices $A$ for which: \[ A_{ii}\geq\sum_{j\neq i}\left|A_{ij}\right| \] The set of all such matrices of size $n\times n$ is denoted $SDD_{n}$, and the set of all symmetr...
2,121,713,844,382
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Recently, physical layer security (PLS) enhancement has become a non-trivial issue in wireless communication systems due to its capability of replacing traditional cryptography-based techniques \cite{huang2020holographic}. Several endeavors aiming at improving PLS have been proposed, e.g. artifi...
2,121,713,844,383
arxiv
\section{Εισαγωγή} H αλληλεπίδραση ανθρώπου-μηχανής (human computer interaction) στον $21^{ο}$ αιώνα αυξάνεται με ραγδαίους ρυθμούς, εξαιτίας της συνεχόμενης τεχνολογικής εξέλιξης. Ειδικότερα σε καθημερινό πλέον επίπεδο , σε μικρότερο ή μεγαλύτερο βαθμό, έχουμε επαφή με εικονικούς, φυσικούς ή έξυπνους πράκτορες (agents...
2,121,713,844,384
arxiv
\section{Introduction} A Hele-Shaw cell is a technical device introduced in \cite{HS}, formed by two parallel plates separated by a { narrow} gap. { The equations verified by the mean velocities of a Stokes fluid in a Hele-Shaw cell are similar with the Darcy's law for flow in a porous medium } - { see ~\cit...
2,121,713,844,385
arxiv
\section{Introduction} In various fields of natural sciences, the investigation of a liquid's thermodynamical characteristics promises to elucidate its role in interfacial properties and processes, \textit{e.g.} ligand binding or surface chemistry. As the entropy ($S$) is one of the fundamental thermodynamic quantities...
2,121,713,844,386
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Thin films are a standard option to design optical devices with controlled reflection and transmission. Optics has a long tradition of studying how the basic properties of materials can be used to engineer thin film structures with an overall different behavior \cite{Knittl}, which might be used ...
2,121,713,844,387
arxiv
\section{\texorpdfstring{$\mu$-recursivity}{mu-recursivity}} \newtheorem{theorem}{Theorem}[section] \newtheorem{lemma}[theorem]{Lemma} \newtheorem{proposition}[theorem]{Proposition} \newtheorem{corollary}[theorem]{Corollary} \newtheorem{question}[theorem]{Question} \newtheorem{definition}[theorem]{Definition} \theore...
2,121,713,844,388
arxiv
\section*{Introduction} Financial systemic risk is one of the most serious threats to the global economy. The global financial crisis of 2007--2009 showed that a failure of one bank can lead to a financial contagion through a complex web of financial linkages, which are created by everyday transactions among financial ...
2,121,713,844,389
arxiv
\section{Introduction} JavaScript started out as a lightweight scripting language for the web, but has grown to become a language powering large web applications, server-side backends, and embedded systems. As a result of its rushed initial development and the following rapid growth, it is also a complex and sometimes...
2,121,713,844,390
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The interest of the investigation of meson production in nucleon-nucleon and nucleon-antinucleon collisions near threshold has increased recently since different anomalies have been detected \ct{anom},\ct{eta},\ct{nbarn},\ct{cel}. These anomalies are characterized by unexpected enhancement...
2,121,713,844,391
arxiv
\section{Introduction} During the last few years, the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) community has largely benefited from the fast-paced development of the machine learning (ML) field, and more specifically from that of the neural networks (NN) domain. In many cases, a data-driven surrogate model is constructed b...
2,121,713,844,392
arxiv
\section*{Acknowledgements} We are grateful to J. Lisenfeld for insightful discussions and to A. Lukashenko and L. Radtke for technical assistance. Funding was provided by the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation in the framework of a Sofja Kovalevskaja award endowed by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Researc...
2,121,713,844,393
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:intro} From its humble beginnings roughly two decades ago, the approximate Bayesian computation (ABC) inference framework for simulator-based models with an intractable likelihood has witnessed a remarkable development over the recent years and a growing interest from a number of dive...
2,121,713,844,394
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Observational and numerical studies suggest that dynamical interactions are frequent occurrences in clusters of galaxies and that these events are the most energetic in the recent history of the Universe. Matter is believed to stream along preferred axes (so-called filaments and sheets) often ac...
2,121,713,844,395
arxiv
\section{Background and Related Work} \input{01_Motivation} \section{Data-Driven Modeling} \input{02_Best_practices} \section{Recommender System Design} \input{03_recommender_system} \section{Prototype Evaluation and Conclusion} \label{conc} \input{5_evaluation} \bibliographystyle{splncs04}
2,121,713,844,396
arxiv
\section{INTRODUCTION} \label{sec:intro} \label{sec:intro} The POI recommendation systems have been very popular in the last few years. Such systems exploit the explicit historical check-in data and some implicit aspects or contexts to generate a list of POIs that are of potential interest to users. Generally, most of...
2,121,713,844,397
arxiv
\section{Families of tree-like bundles}\label{treefam} In this section we fix the definition of families of $T$-surfaces $S_T$ and $T$-bundles $(E_T,S_T)$ for trees $T\in{\mathbf T}_n$ with fixed total charge $n$. \begin{sub}\label{goodfam}{\bf Definition}\rm\; (${\mathbf T}_n$-families of surfaces). 1) Let $\mathb...
2,121,713,844,398
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \par\indent In their overview paper concerning the mathematical analysis of fractional equations, Nakagawa, Sakamoto and Yamamoto \cite{1} posed the problem concerning global solutions and blowing-up in a finite time of solutions to the equation \begin{equation}\label{6} \left\{ \begin{array}{...
2,121,713,844,399
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The screening of impurities and density oscillations are characteristic phenomena for quantum many-body fermionic systems. These ripples are known as Friedel Oscillations (FO) \cite {friedel1952xiv}. Classically no ripples are observed around the impurity. The finite wavelength of the ...
2,121,713,844,400
arxiv
\section{Introduction} There were many attempts to generalize the diffusion in a way respecting relativistic invariance and causality (\cite{schay}\cite{dudley}\cite{hakim}\cite{deb}\cite{dunkel}; for a review and further references see \cite{deb2} \cite{talkner}). In this paper we develop the approach initiated by ...
2,121,713,844,401
arxiv
\section{\sffamily \Large Introduction} As early as $1950$ Boys~\cite{boys} emphasized the importance of Gaussians to simplify the calculation of multicenter integrals arising in the study of polyatomic molecular electronic states. One key property is the notorious Gaussian product theorem. For an overview of ...
2,121,713,844,402
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Graph coloring problems are ubiquitous in many areas within and outside of mathematics. We are interested in certain enumerative questions about coloring signed graphs. A \emph{signed graph} $\Sigma = (\Gamma,\sigma)$ consists of a graph $\Gamma = (V,E)$ and a signature $\sigma \in \left\{ \pm ...
2,121,713,844,403
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Dualities provide powerful tools for the study of phases of matters and emergent properties of strongly correlated systems, often allowing one to derive result not accessible by perturbative methods. Particularly useful are strong-weak dualities and self-dualies, which, in many cases, provide qu...
2,121,713,844,404
arxiv
\section{Introduction} It already has been more then a hundred years since the formulation of the General Relativity (GR) by Albert Einstein, but apparently the idea of extra dimensions is even older than that. Indeed, it was Nordstr\"om who constructed the first ever extra-dimensional model~\cite{Nord1914} in 1914...
2,121,713,844,405
arxiv
\section{Introduction} In \cite{Tot03}, Totaro asked whether a compact manifold $M$ with nonnegative sectional curvature has a good complexification, i.e. there exists a smooth real affine variety $X_\mathbb{C}$ such that $M$ is diffeomorphic to $X_\mathbb{R}$ ( the real points of $X_\mathbb{C}$ ) and the inclusion $ ...
2,121,713,844,406
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The disc of our Galaxy is rotationally supported with a small velocity dispersion and a scale height of about 300 pc. The existence of a ``thick disc'' was highlighted by Gilmore \& Reid (1983) using star count data. The proposed scale heights are in the range 1.0-1.5 kpc, the asymmet...
2,121,713,844,407
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Rotation is a fundamental observable for the study of evolution of stars, providing also valuable informations on stellar magnetism, mixing of chemical abundance in stellar interior and tidal interaction in close binaries. In addition, it can be argued that the value of the rotational velocity o...
2,121,713,844,408
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Let $F/{\Bbb F}_q$ be a function field of an integral regular projective curve $X$ over ${\Bbb F}_q$. Denote by ${\Bbb A}$ its adelic ring with $\mathcal O$ the ring of integers, and, for a positive integer $r$, denote by $\mathrm{GL}_r({\Bbb A})$ the general linear group with coefficients in $...
2,121,713,844,409
arxiv
\section{Introduction} We study the structure of the approximate jump set $J_u$ of solutions $u \in \BVspace(\Omega)$ to regularisation problems \begin{equation} \label{eq:prob} \tag{P} \min_{u \in L^1(\Omega)} \int_\Omega \phi(f(x)-u(x)) \d x + R(u). \end{equation} We recall that $J_u$ is the $\H^{m-1...
2,121,713,844,410
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:introduction} \IEEEPARstart{V}{ehicle} driving safety has always been an important research field for vehicle manufacturing \cite{guan2022discrete, liu2018vehicle, chen2019dynamics, cheng2020robust}. With the increasingly intelligent, electrified, wire-controlled, and networked vehicl...
2,121,713,844,411
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The Price equation has been used in many disciplines to study the forces that cause change in populations \autocite{frank18the-price}. In evolutionary biology, the equation separates the changes in traits caused by natural selection from the changes in traits that arise during transmission \aut...
2,121,713,844,412
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Let $\beta$ be a real number $>1$. The so-called {\em beta-numeration} has been introduced by R\'enyi in \cite{Ren}, and since then there are been many works in this domain, in connection with number theory, dynamical systems, and automata theory, see the survey \cite{FrSak2010} or more recent \...
2,121,713,844,413
arxiv
\section{Proof of Theorem \ref{Measurability}} \label{measurabilityproof.sec} \input measurabilitycontinuous.tex \end{document} \section{Introduction} In the analysis of phenomena with stochastic dynamics, Ito's stochastic calculus \cite{ito44,ito46,dm,meyer76,kw,protter,revuzyor} has proven to be a powerful and ...
2,121,713,844,414
arxiv
\section{Introduction} In recent years we are witnessing an increasing activity in non-equilibrium physics of interacting many-body problems. The reason may be at least two fold. Namely, on one hand this type of problems has nowadays become amenable to a detailed real lab experiments, e.g. in the context of cold atoms ...
2,121,713,844,415
arxiv
\section{Introduction} An isolated pulsar loses its rotational energy to relativistic particles and electromagnetic radiation. This process reduces the spin frequency $\nu $ of the pulsar. The spin-down rate $\dot{\nu}$ of the pulsar is usually modelled as $\dot{\nu}=-\kappa \nu ^{n}$, where $\kappa $ is related to th...
2,121,713,844,416
arxiv
\section{Introduction}\label{Section.Introduction} The first author had inquired whether a nonstandard model of arithmetic could be continuously presented on the rational numbers. \begin{mainquestion}[Enayat~\cite{Enayat2009:Borel-structures-via-models-of-arithmetic}] Are there continuous functions $\oplus$ a...
2,121,713,844,417
arxiv
\section{Why do we need the NOAO Data Lab?} The 21st century has seen massive growth in the popularity and impact of large-scale surveys in astronomy. Wide sky coverage and large sample sizes have become keys to addressing critical questions in cosmology, tracing galaxy evolution over the history of the Universe, probi...
2,121,713,844,418
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:intro} Constantly improving image acquisition devices, from microscopes to medical imaging machines, impose to work with increasingly large data. From the mathematical perspective, many problems of image processing require to solve \begin{equation}\label{eq:P} \operatorname{minimi...
2,121,713,844,419
arxiv
\section*{Acknowledgments} We thank Christos Charmousis, Alessandro Fabbri, Denis Boiron, Chris Westbrook, and especially Florent Michel for interesting discussions and useful suggestions. We are particularly grateful to Renaud Parentani, whose guidance and input in the initial stages of this work was invaluable. This...
2,121,713,844,420
arxiv
\section{Introduction.} Most microscopic many-body quantum systems are subject to strong interactions which act between their constituents. In general, there exist no analytical methods to treat exactly strongly interacting systems apart from the assumption of trial wave functions able to diagonalize the Hamil...
2,121,713,844,421
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Image-based computational fluid dynamics (CFD) is increasingly used for patient-specific predictions of cardiovascular blood flow. Yet, three-dimensional (3D) methods typically require several hours of \revb{parallel computing.\cite{pfaller21}} Runtime is a severe limitation since applications o...
2,121,713,844,422
arxiv
\section{Introduction and conjectures} Let $X$ and $Y$ be complex projective varieties and let ${\varphi}:X\to Y$ be a morphism. We say that an irreducible subvariety $Z$ of $X$ is {\em contracted by ${\varphi}$} if $\dim ({\varphi}(Z))<\dim (Z)$. If $k:=\dim(Z)$, this is equivalent to saying that the class $[Z]\...
2,121,713,844,423
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Let $\mathfrak{S}_n$ denote the symmetric group of all permutations of $[n]$, where $[n]=\{1,2,\ldots,n\}$. Let $\pi=\pi_1\pi_2\cdots \pi_n\in\mathfrak{S}_n$. An \emph{ascent} of $\pi$ is an entry $\pi_i$, $i\in \{2,3,\dots,n\}$, such that $\pi_i>\pi_{i-1}$. Denote by $\op{ASC}(\pi)$ the set of a...
2,121,713,844,424
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sect1} let $ \tilde{M} $ be an odd dimentional Riemannian manifold with a Riemannian metric $ g $ and Riemannian connection $ \tilde{\nabla} $. Denote by $ T\tilde{M} $ the Lie algebra of vector fields on $ \tilde{M} $. Then $ \tilde{M}$ is said to be an almost contact metric manifold if ...
2,121,713,844,425
arxiv
\section{Introduction} There has been much interest in applying the idea of AdS/CFT\cite{adscft} in strong interaction. After initial set up for N=4 SYM theory, confining theories were treated with IR cut off at the AdS space\cite{polchinski} and quark flavors \cite{karch} were introduced by adding extra probe...
2,121,713,844,426
arxiv
\section{Introduction} After the works of Margulis (\cite{Margulis, VGS}) on the linear representations of lattices of simple, real Lie groups with~$\mathbb{R}$-rank larger than $1$, some authors, like Zimmer, suggest to study the actions of lattices on compact manifolds (\cite{Zimmer3, Zimmer4, Zimmer1, Zimmer2}). O...
2,121,713,844,427
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \begin{figure}[tbh] \centering \includegraphics[width=.9\textwidth]{images/fig1_hitl.png} \caption{Our human-in-the-loop through explainability framework. A human possessing expert knowledge trains a classifier. Our LIME-based explainer provides insights to the human based on the current model...
2,121,713,844,428
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \input{table1} Studies of heavily-obscured star-forming galaxies and active galactic nuclei (AGN) in the distant Universe have lagged behind those of their unobscured counterparts, due largely to their being extremely faint in the optical and UV. This optically faintness, however, need not be a ...
2,121,713,844,429
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Deep learning (DL) establishes state-of-the-art performances in a number of learning tasks such as image recognition~\cite{russakovsky2015imagenet,NIPS2012_4824}, speech recognition~\cite{alex2018speech,chiu2018state}, and natural language processing~\cite{Bahdanau2014nlp,DBLP:journals/corr/abs-1...
2,121,713,844,430
arxiv
\section{\uppercase{Introduction}} The active regions in the solar photosphere are locations of high magnetic field where magnetic pressure starts to dominate over gas pressure. In such conditions the plasma is likely to follow a force-free equation of state, where the Lorentz force vanishes at all points. It was s...
2,121,713,844,431
arxiv
\section{Introduction} According to the IMCR research group of BCBS \cite{fi}, {\it ``liquidity conditions interact with market risk and credit risk through the horizon over which assets can be liquidated''}. To face the impact of market liquidity risk, risk managers agree in adopting a longer holding period to ca...
2,121,713,844,432
arxiv
\section{\nopagebreak\stdsection} \begin{document} \preprint{REV\TeX4-1} \title{A self-adjoint decomposition of radial momentum implies that Dirac's introduction of the operator is insightful} \author{Q. H. Liu} \email{quanhuiliu@gmail.com} \affiliation{School for Theoretical Physics, and Department of Applied P...
2,121,713,844,433
arxiv
\section{Introduction} There are at least three main parts in a theory of Deep Neural Networks. The first part is about approximation -- how and when can deep neural networks avoid the curse of dimensionality' \cite{poggio2016and}? The second part is about the landscape of the minima of the empirical risk: what can ...
2,121,713,844,434
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Dynamical systems\cite{nayfeh,birkhoff,slross,ruelle,strogatz} capable of having isochronous oscillations\cite{len2,len3,sarkar,cologero} are very important from the point of view of modelling real-world systems\cite{len2,len3,len4} which exhibit self-sustained oscillation\cite{bender,murraynld,...
2,121,713,844,435
arxiv
\section{Introduction to this Template} \section{Background} \label{sec:background} Social insects often tend to cluster into a colony~\cite{vandermeer2008clusters}, which forms a complex social network~\cite{balch2001automatically}. From time to time, the social network springs up ...
2,121,713,844,436
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \noindent Consider a fibre bundle whose section consists of a functional $\Psi[\phi]$ defined on the functional space of fields $\phi=\phi(x)$ in four dimensional spacetime $M$. The functional $\Psi$ might be defined with respect to a particular spacetime history of the fields $\phi$, and we...
2,121,713,844,437
arxiv
\section[#1]{#1${}^\dagger$}% \footnotetext[2]{#2}% \setcounter{footnote}{0}% \renewcommand{\thefootnote}{\arabic{footnote}}% } \mathchardef\mhyphen="2D \newcommand{\vect}[1]{\boldsymbol{#1}} \newcommand{\ensuremath{ {\sim}\,} }{\ensuremath{ {\sim}\,} } \newcommand{\ensuremath{ {>}\,} }{\ensuremath{ {>}\,} } ...
2,121,713,844,438
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Moving bodies experience fundamental energy damping \cite{damping} \cite{FordVilenkin} and decoherence \cite{decoherence} mechanisms due to the scattering of vacuum field fluctuations. The damping is accompanied by the emission of particles (photons in the case of the electromagnetic field) \...
2,121,713,844,439
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:intro} Galaxy cluster abundances provide sensitive constraints on the cosmological parameters that govern the expansion history of the Universe (e.g., \citealt{2009ApJ...692.1060V}, \citealt{2011ARA&A..49..409A}, \citealt{2012ARA&A..50..353K}). Typical galaxy cluster number count exper...
2,121,713,844,440
arxiv
\section{Introduction} It is witnessed that more and more models become increasingly over-parameterized, typically pretrained language models (LMs). With the tremendous amounts of parameters, these models have shown an appealing expressive power ~\citep{DevlinCLT19,Liu19,RaffelSRLNMZLL20,Wang19}. While such LMs are en...