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2,121,713,844,441 | arxiv | \section{Ultra-peripheral collisions at RHIC}
The Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collider (RHIC) at Brookhaven National Laboratory
began operating in
the year 2000. This meant an increase in the maximum center of mass energies
for heavy-ion collisions by more than an order of magnitude compared with the
earlier fixed-targ... |
2,121,713,844,442 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Superconducting coplanar waveguide (CPW) resonators in the microwave regime have been extensively used in circuit quantum electrodynamics (circuit-QED) because of their high performance (\textit{e.g.} internal quality factors ($Q_i$) can exceed 1 million \cite{megrant2012planar}). Well establish... |
2,121,713,844,443 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
In the qualitative theory of difference equations the notions of dichotomy and trichotomy play a vital role. This fact is very well analysed in \cite{alonso} and \cite{hong} where it is proved that the property of exponential trichotomy is necessary in the presence of ergodic solutions of linear... |
2,121,713,844,444 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
In recent years, there has been a growing appreciation of the role played by interactions in topologically non-trivial systems. In addition to changing the topological classification of systems \cite{yao2013}, interactions have been shown to modify topologically protected states, resulting in a ... |
2,121,713,844,445 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Networked systems, such as distributed database, computation, and file storage, have become more complex with increasing capacity. This evolution increases demands on the network. Many practices have been developed to improve their functionality or alleviate problems, such as \textit{multi-homing... |
2,121,713,844,446 | arxiv |
\section{Introduction}\label{Section.Introduction}
The principle of \emph{elementary transfinite recursion} {\rm ETR}---according to which every first-order class recursion along any well-founded class relation has a solution---has emerged as a central organizing concept in the hierarchy of second-order set theorie... |
2,121,713,844,447 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Provenance analysis aims at understanding how the result of a computational process
with a complex input, consisting of multiple items, depends on the various parts of
this input. In database theory, provenance analysis based on interpretations in commutative semirings
has been developed for po... |
2,121,713,844,448 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
Pulsars, rapidly spinning neutron stars, are one of main sources
of gamma-ray emission in the Galaxy, and so a large fraction of the {\it Fermi}
large area telescope \citep[LAT;][]{fermimission} sources is pulsars.
They are further categorized into several classes based on
thei... |
2,121,713,844,449 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Artificial life (ALife) and artificial intelligence (AI) have largely developed independently as fields.
Statistical machine learning (ML), including deep
learning, has driven much progress in modern AI research and practice, arguably with limited inspiration from ALife. One reason is that such... |
2,121,713,844,450 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Moduli theory for vector bundles has been very well established. The groundbreaking discovery of Donaldson \cite{Don} and Uhlenbeck-Yau \cite{UY} built a deep connection between stability and canonical metric.
\begin{theorem}[\cite{Don,UY}]
A slope-semistable holomorphic vector bundle admits a ... |
2,121,713,844,451 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Adaptive time integration schemes for ODEs are well established and
perform extremely well for many applications. However, for applications
involving the integration of Hamiltonian systems, there are good reasons
for using symplectic integrators\cite{0951-7715-3-2-001}. This is particularly true... |
2,121,713,844,452 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{sec1}
A (2n+1)-dimensional smooth manifold $M$ is called an almost contact
manifold if it admits a triplet $(\phi, \xi, \eta)$ of a (1,1)
tensor field $\phi$, a vector field $\xi$ and a 1-form $\eta$
satisfying
\begin{equation}\label{11}
\begin{split}
\phi^2X=-X+\eta(X)\xi,\quad \p... |
2,121,713,844,453 | arxiv |
\section{Introduction}
The \emph{cyclic sieving phenomenon} was introduced in \cite{RSW}.
There are two ingredients for this phenomenon,
a finite set with an action of a cyclic group and a polynomial with non-negative
integer coefficients.
Let $C$ be a finite cyclic group of order $n$
and let $C$ act on a finite set ... |
2,121,713,844,454 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Twisted light with orbital angular momentum (OAM) projection $\langle \hat{L}_z\rangle \ne 0$ \cite{Allen} has found numerous applications in quantum optics and information, optomechanics, biology, astrophysics, and so forth \cite{Torres, And, SerboUFN, Tamb, Budker, TairaX, Ivanov-atoms}. Along... |
2,121,713,844,455 | arxiv | \section*{Acknowledgments}
\section*{References}
|
2,121,713,844,456 | arxiv | \section{Conclusion}
In this paper, we devise a \textit{peeling}-based computing framework \textit{PCon} for conductance-based graph clustering. We observe that most state-of-the-art algorithms can be reduced to \textit{PCon}. Inspired by our framework, we first propose an efficient heuristic algorithm \textit{PCon\_... |
2,121,713,844,457 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Engineered and infrastructure systems deteriorate as a result of the normal use or due to external demands imposed by adverse environmental conditions. The main challenge in modeling deterioration is to manage the damage accumulation mechanisms and the associated uncertainties. Deterioration me... |
2,121,713,844,458 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Lattice QCD simulations on very large lattices, which are named master-field simulations by L{\"u}scher~\cite{master-field}, have various potential advantages: the statistical errors decrease thanks to the geometrical symmetries of the lattice~\cite{ukita18}, the accessible minimum momentum is r... |
2,121,713,844,459 | arxiv |
\section{Acknowledgments}
We thank Jose Neves, Jeff Burns, and Kathryn O'Brien for their insightful comments on the earlier versions of this paper.
\section{Conclusion}
\label{sec:concl}
We introduced EFloat, a novel entropy-coded variable length floating
point format for deep learning applications. This format can b... |
2,121,713,844,460 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
The flow around moving foils serves as an abstraction of many interesting swimming and flight problems observed in nature. Our principal interest here is in exploiting the motion of foils for the purpose of propulsion, and so we focus on the thrust they produce, and their effic... |
2,121,713,844,461 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Owing to their simplicity in directly mapping an acoustic input sequence to a output sequence of characters, or words, or even word-pieces, neural end-to-end methods~\cite{graves2006connectionist,graves2013speech,chan2016listen,vaswani2017attention,he2019streaming} have become ubiquitous. The mo... |
2,121,713,844,462 | arxiv | \section{Angular Power Spectrum}
Before we move on to discuss the angular bispectrum, let us briefly review
two point statistics first. In the case when the temperature anisotropies are
Gaussian, the
two-point statistic is all we need to quantify the temperature anisotropy
patterns
observed in the experiments (such ... |
2,121,713,844,463 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Emotion (or affect) recognition (or detection) has increasingly drawn attention from researchers with a multidisciplinary background. It is the leading scientific problem in Affective Computing, which is a comparatively new research field proposed by Picart \cite{picard2000affective}, namely how... |
2,121,713,844,464 | arxiv | \section*{Introduction}
Decisions made by individuals affect the population, not the least in disease spreading. Several researchers have investigated the interplay between diseases and decisions by combining compartmental models with game theory \cite{funk2010modelling,verelst2016behavioural,weston2018infection,reluga... |
2,121,713,844,465 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The dynamical Casimir effect (DCE) consists in the generation of quanta from the initial vacuum (or any other) state of some field due to time-dependent boundary conditions or varying material properties of some macroscopic system (see \cite{book,vdodonov,revdal,nori} for reviews).
In the majo... |
2,121,713,844,466 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{Sect.intro}
\setcounter{equation}{0}
There are many works in the literature which connect the shape of a region to the eigenvalues and eigenfunctions of a given operator.
For instance, the minimization of eigenvalues (or combination of them) has attracted a lot of attention since the ... |
2,121,713,844,467 | arxiv | \section{ }
High-temperature superconductivity in both cuprate \cite{Orenstein2000,Keimer2015} and iron-based materials \cite{PaglioneRev,JohnstonRev,StewartRev}
emerges from a notably complex normal state. Though magnetic spin fluctuations are commonly believed to drive Cooper pairing in both of these families, the c... |
2,121,713,844,468 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The exceptional simple Lie algebras in Killing-Cartan's
classification are fundamental objects in many branches of
mathematics and physics. A lot of different constructions of these
objects have been given, many of which involve some nonassociative
algebras or triple systems.
In 1966 Tits gave a... |
2,121,713,844,469 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Since August 2008 the {\it Fermi} Large Area Telescope (LAT) provides the most comprehensive view of the $\gamma$-ray sky in the 100 MeV to 300 GeV energy range \citep{fermi}. The LAT 4-year Source Catalog \textit{3FGL} \citep{3fgl} listed 3033 $\gamma$-ray sources of which 1717 were blazars, ... |
2,121,713,844,470 | arxiv | \section{Introduction} \label{section-intro}
\noindent
In 1878, Camille Jordan \cite{Jordan1878} proved the following remarkable theorem.
\begin{theorem}[{cf.~\cite{Jordan1878}}] \label{theorem-Jordan}
For any positive integer $n$, there exists a constant $J(n)$ such that any finite subgroup $\Gamma$ of $\mathrm{GL... |
2,121,713,844,471 | arxiv | \section*{Introduction}
Fluid--structure interactions (FSI) are at the heart of many important physical and biological problems,
including flexible structures in flow \cite{luhar11, bukowicki19},
blood circulation in the heart \cite{peskin72, griffith09},
animal locomotion \cite{lucas14,lim2019}, and cilia motion \cit... |
2,121,713,844,472 | arxiv | \section{\label{sec:introduction}Introduction}
Network science provides many powerful methods to study a great variety of systems in society, nature, and technology. Modelling complex systems in terms of their network structure allows researchers to understand, predict, and optimise their real-world behaviour~\cite{ne... |
2,121,713,844,473 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
There are two independent approaches to 2D Liouville gravity \cite{Polyakov:1981rd}. The first
method is based on the continual integral over Riemann metrics. After gauge fixing,
it leads to the Liouville theory interacting with matter fields. If matter fields are
represented by some minimal CFT ... |
2,121,713,844,474 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Although we do not understand how the nuclei of galaxies form or why
they have black holes (BH) at their centers, the correlation between
BH mass and bulge velocity dispersion does shed light on their
formation and evolutionary histories (Gebhardt et al. 2000a, 2000b:
Ferrarese and Merritt 2000)... |
2,121,713,844,475 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\newcommand{\CFT } {conformal field theory }
\vskip 3mm\noi
The evidence for an intriguing
connection between \CFT (CFT) and the fractional quantum Hall effect (FQHE) was accumulating in the 1980s.
It was realized that the effective low-energy theory of the FQHE is a topological field theory... |
2,121,713,844,476 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
{\color{black} The aim of the present paper is to prove second order asymptotic results, in the high-energy limit, for the nodal statistics associated with the restriction of the (real and complex) {\it Berry's random wave model} \cite{berry2002} to a smooth compact domain of $\field{R}^2$. Our ... |
2,121,713,844,477 | arxiv | \part{Quantum computation and algorithms}
\label{Part1}
\chapter{Introduction}
\label{Intro}
Quantum mechanics is the theoretical framework that underpins our understanding of the physical world at the most fundamental level. Since its discovery in the early 20th century, quantum mechanics has proved to be tremendous... |
2,121,713,844,478 | arxiv | \section{Introduction} \label{sec:intro}
It has been increasingly recognized that, because of the ubiquitous
presence of interdependence among different types of systems, a reasonable
understanding of a variety of complex phenomena in the real world requires
a description based on multilayer~\cite{KABGP:2014} or
inter... |
2,121,713,844,479 | arxiv | \section{The Model}
The main environment modifies that of~\cite{Diamond:1965}, into two main dimensions
\bibliographystyle{elsarticle-num}
\section{Introduction}
\documentclass[preprint,1p,11pt,authoryear]{elsarticle}
\usepackage{amssymb}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\usepackage{amstext}
\usepackage{pdfpages}
\usepackag... |
2,121,713,844,480 | arxiv | \section{intro}
{\em Introduction}:
Although the symmetry breaking has been quite successful for a description
of phases of matter,
recent development in condensed matter physics reveals
that there are classes of physically important phases
where the symmetry breaking does not play any fundamental roles.
Quantum Hal... |
2,121,713,844,481 | arxiv |
\section{Introduction}
The production of top quark pairs is an interesting
process for understanding QCD dynamics. The very short life-time
of a top quark and its large mass enable
accurate theoretical predictions for this process for all energies,
including close to $t \bar t$ threshold. One can then use th... |
2,121,713,844,482 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The space-time metric is determined by the matter energy-momentum tensor of gravitational source via Einstein field equations
\begin{equation}
R_{\mu\nu}-\frac{1}{2}g_{\mu\nu}R=-8\pi G T_{\mu\nu}~,\label{EE}
\end{equation}
where $g_{\mu\nu}$ is the metric tensor, $R_{\mu\nu}$ and $R$ are Ricci t... |
2,121,713,844,483 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Data assimilation in models representing spatio-temporal phenomena is challenging. Examples can be found in pollution monitoring, weather forecast and petroleum engineering. In air pollution monitoring, see \cite{hopke}, potential source contribution (PSC) identification is an issue and inverse t... |
2,121,713,844,484 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Top-quark physics is an important topic for future $e^+e^-$ linear collider experiments.
Due to its large mass\cite{CDF D0},
the top quark may play a special role in particle physics.
And since the final states are complicated, top-quark events provide
an important performance be... |
2,121,713,844,485 | arxiv | \section*{Tipping Cycles}
The idea of a tipping point is not very informative without its context, without knowledge of the feedbacks that produce the instability. Ecological systems that are modelled by community matrices have the benefit of the direct relation through the coefficients of the characteristic polynomial... |
2,121,713,844,486 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
We describe a high-fidelity sonar model that is well-suited to evaluation of design choices for forward-looking sonar. We present a complete set of equations that constitute the model as well as approaches for implementing the model in a numerical simulation. We are especially interested in asse... |
2,121,713,844,487 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\IEEEPARstart{M}{assive} multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems {are} a strong candidate to fulfill the throughput requirements for fifth generation (5G) cellular networks \cite{Ref_Mar10}. {To maximize the number of antennas in a limited area, two-dimensional antenna arrays, e.g., un... |
2,121,713,844,488 | arxiv | \section{introduction}
Most microscopic quantum many-body theories developed over the last
five decades can perhaps be broadly divided into two categories,
one in real space and the other in momentum (configurational) space.
While a real-space many-body theory usually focuses on the interaction
potential part of Hamil... |
2,121,713,844,489 | arxiv | \section*{Abstract}
In the recent past, there has been a lot of effort in understanding sRNA mediated regulation of gene
expression and how this mode of regulation differs from transcriptional regulation.
In {\textit {\textbf Escherichia coli}}, in the presence of oxidative stress,
the synthesis of the sigma fa... |
2,121,713,844,490 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Tunable, monochromatic, continuous-wave (CW), compact and power-efficient terahertz (THz) sources of electromagnetic waves (EMW) are
required for a broad variety of applications \cite{Tonouchi_2007}.
However, the key obstacle, colloquially known as ``the THz gap" \cite{Tonouchi_2007}, is caused... |
2,121,713,844,491 | arxiv | \section{The Intrawell Wave Functions of the RWA Hamiltonian}
We consider the dynamics of the oscillator driven close to three times its eigenfrequency in the rotating wave approximation (RWA). The scaled RWA Hamiltonian function $g(Q,P)$, which is given by Eq.~(10) of the main text and is plotted there in Fig. 1, has... |
2,121,713,844,492 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The bag-of-words model is used as the standard representation of text input for many linear classification models (such as Multinomial Naive Bayes \cite{mccallum1998comparison} and Support Vector Machines \cite{Joachims98}).
Linear classifiers have been widely studied for many text classification... |
2,121,713,844,493 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
At present, Baikal Gigaton Volume Detector (GVD)~\cite{Baikal2020} is a largest operating neutrino telescope at the Northern Hemisphere, being at the stage of deployment with a gradual increase of its effective volume to the scale of 1 km$ ^{3}$. Currently, the GVD effective vo... |
2,121,713,844,494 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The Skyrme model in (3+1) dimensions, originally introduced by Skyrme
\cite{1}, has attracted a lot of attention as a reasonable good effective
theory for
describing baryons \cite{2}. Baryons in this theory are
described by topologically nontrivial classical configurations (Skyrmions).
Rec... |
2,121,713,844,495 | arxiv |
\subsection{Simple bounds on $L_n$ and $\mathrm{T}_n$}
\label{sec:bounds}
We conclude this section by developing simple, but useful bounds on $L_n$ and $\mathrm{T}_n$, that do not require asymptotic evaluation presented.
In particular, these bounds can be computed for any finite $m$ and are valid for any $ n \geq m$... |
2,121,713,844,496 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Even though it is the star we know best, the Sun can not be used as the primary calibrator in stellar astrophysics because it is exceedingly bright for the instrumentation utilized for distant stars. In many cases, one would like to observe a calibrating star whose fundamental properties (tempera... |
2,121,713,844,497 | arxiv |
\section{\label{}}
\section{\label{intro} INTRODUCTION}
In this report we present a new measurement of the \mbox{$\pi^0\rightarrow e^+e^-$}\ branching
ratio using a larger data set from KTeV-E799 at Fermilab. This result
used all data taken in the two runs of the experiment (1997 and
1999-2000). It supersedes the p... |
2,121,713,844,498 | arxiv |
\section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
\input{introduction.tex}
\section{Methodology}
\label{sec:method}
\input{methodology.tex}
\section{Correlation among detectors and bias in $r$}
\label{sec:method_c}
\input{correlation_general.tex}
\subsection{Relative and absolute angles}
\label{sec:method_D}
\input{... |
2,121,713,844,499 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
We consider the Cauchy problem for the nonlinear Schr\"{o}dinger equation with derivative nonlinearity:
\begin{equation}
\label{NLS}
\left\{
\begin{aligned}
& (i \partial _t + \Delta ) u = \pm \partial ( \overline{u}^m), \\
& u(0, \cdot ) = \phi .
\end{aligned}
\right.
\end{equation}
Here, $m$ i... |
2,121,713,844,500 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Recommendation systems have become a research hotspot in academia and industry by analyzing users' historical behaviors and actively providing users with content that may be of interest from a variety of resources. Early recommendation models can be mainly classified into collaborative filtering ... |
2,121,713,844,501 | arxiv | \section{INTRODUCTION}
\begin{figure}
\includegraphics[width=\columnwidth]{images/decision_support_scenario}
\centering
\caption{\small \textbf{Decision support scenario.} In the planning or learning phase a coverage set (CS) for a multi-objective decision problem is produced. In the selection phase, the user selects ... |
2,121,713,844,502 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\newtheorem*{lemma:trianglereduce}{\bf{Lemma \ref{lemma:trianglereduce}}}
In this chapter, we continue to explore the conjectural completeness of our catalog of homogeneous finite-dimensional permutation structures. The main result of this chapter is the classification of the homogeneous 3-di... |
2,121,713,844,503 | arxiv | \section{Introduction.}
In the context of Functional Data Analysis, the problems of estimating a density, conditional or not, or a regression curve, both from the frequentist point of view and from the Bayesian point of view, are of particular interest. Nogales (2022a) addresses the density estimation problem from a ... |
2,121,713,844,504 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
Grammar induction aims to discover the underlying grammatical structure of a language from strings of symbols. Previous work has focused on two grammar formalisms: constituency and dependency grammars.
Probabilistic context-free grammars \cite[PCFG]{10.5555/1864519.1864540, cl... |
2,121,713,844,505 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{introduction}
Task knowledge can be stored in the collective dynamics of large populations of neurons in the brain \cite{marton_learning_2020,richards_deep_2019,yang_task_2018,remington_dynamical_2018,kell_task-optimized_2018,zeng_continuous_2018,chaisangmongkon_computing_2017,rajan_recurre... |
2,121,713,844,506 | arxiv | \section{Introduction \& Motivation}\label{intro}
One of the great mysteries in particle physics is the dominance
of matter over anti-matter in our Universe.
The net baryon number is~\cite{cmb
\[
\frac{n_B-n_{\bar B}}{n_\gamma} = \left(6.1^{+0.3}_{-0.2} \cdot 10^{-10} \right) \,.
\]
In the Standard Model (SM) this rat... |
2,121,713,844,507 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{intro}
One of the science goals of second-generation gravitational-wave detectors such as Advanced LIGO~\cite{aligo} and Virgo~\cite{virgo} is to detect a stochastic gravitational-wave background.
A stochastic background arises from the superposition of many gravitational-wave sources, eac... |
2,121,713,844,508 | arxiv | \section{A very short history of the EVN}
After successful VLBI observations using European telescopes
in the late 1960s and intra-European observations in the early 1970s, discussions
about a European array date back to 1975. After several meetings the
European VLBI Network was formally established in 1980. A det... |
2,121,713,844,509 | arxiv | \section{\textbf{Introduction}} \setcounter{theorem}{0} \setcounter{equation}{0}
\hspace{0.1cm}
The fast computation of highly oscillatory Bessel transforms
\begin{align}\label{eq:a1}
I[f]=\int_0^1x^\alpha (1-x)^\beta f(x) J_{\nu}(\omega x)dx,\quad \nu\geq 0
\end{align}
where $\alpha>-1, \beta>-1$, and $f$ is a... |
2,121,713,844,510 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Let $F_n$ be the free group of rank $n$, $\Aut(F_n)$ the automorphism group of $F_n$ and $\GL(n,\Z)$ the general linear group of rank $n$.
Let $\IA_n$ denote the IA-automorphism group of $F_n$, which is defined by the following exact sequence
\begin{gather}\label{exact}
1\to \IA_n\to \Aut(F_n)\... |
2,121,713,844,511 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Predictive coding is a brain plausible principle to account for how diversity of perceptual input sequences can be predicted or generated for different intentions in the top-down pathway as well as how the corresponding intention can be inferred or recognized for a particular observation of perce... |
2,121,713,844,512 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
A \defo{de Bruijn sequence} is a cyclic sequence of length $k^n$ such that every $k$-ary string of length $n$ appears as a substring exactly once. For example, the following is a de Bruijn sequence for $n=6$ and $k=2$:
$$ 0000001111110111100111000110110100110000101110101100101010001001.$$
For so... |
2,121,713,844,513 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Many physical processes in science and engineering are modeled as linear dynamical systems with a state-space formulation. For example, the linear time-invariant systems are widely used to characterize electrical systems and their properties \cite{hespanha2018linear}. Another common example is ... |
2,121,713,844,514 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\subsection{Errors and correctors of AI systems}
State-of-the art Artificial Intelligence (AI) systems for data mining consume huge and fast-growing collections of heterogeneous data. Multiple versions of these huge-size systems have been deployed to date on millions of computers and gadgets ac... |
2,121,713,844,515 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Numerical simulations of collisionless self-gravitating systems are one
of the indispensable tools in the study of galaxies, galaxy clusters, and
the large-scale structure of the universe. Gravitational $N$-body
simulations have been widely adopted, and significant scientific
achievements have b... |
2,121,713,844,516 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{Sec intro}
Throughout this article, we assume that $(\overline{K}(X)|K,v)$ is an extension of valued fields, where $\overline{K}$ is a fixed algebraic closure of $K$ and $X$ is an indeterminate. The extension $(K(X)|K,v)$ satisfies the celebrated Abhyankar inequality:
\begin{equation}\l... |
2,121,713,844,517 | arxiv | \section{Introduction} \label{section:intro}
The basic Social Force Model (SFM) introduced by Hebling \textit{et al.} \cite{helbing} has been used to describe many emergency scenarios \cite{FrankDorso,two_exits,evacuation_obstacle,limited_visibility,cornes_2017}. The model first succeeded to explain why the crowd dyna... |
2,121,713,844,518 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{intro}
The discovery of superconductivity in the iron pnictides,\cite{kami08,taka08,yang08}
with the maximum reported transition temperature over 50 K,\cite{ren08}
has spurred intense activities in both experiment and theory.
While the initial research has mainly concentrated on compounds... |
2,121,713,844,519 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Quantum entanglement is one of the most remarkable features of
quantum mechanics and it leads to powerful applications like
quantum cryptography, dense coding and quantum computing
\cite{QIT,HHHH}. One of the central problems in the theory of quantum entanglement
is to discriminate b... |
2,121,713,844,520 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
This study aims at determining chemical abundances of various elements in stars belonging to open clusters situated in the outer disk of our Galaxy.
The first use of OCs as tracers of the chemical properties of the Galactic disk was that of \citet{Janes79}, who showed the presence of a negati... |
2,121,713,844,521 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The linear exponential Gaussian (LEG for short) filtering problem,
\textit{i.e.}, with an exponential cost criteria (see the definition
(\ref{LEGdef}) below), and the so called risk-sensitive (RS for short) filtering
problem (see \cite{collings} and the statement (\ref{rde})
below) have been gi... |
2,121,713,844,522 | arxiv |
\section{Large-scale Non-convex Implementation}
While the convex relaxation is statistically near optimal, it is not ideal for large-scale datasets because it requires the solution of a convex program with $d_1 \times d_2$ variables. In this section we develop a non-convex variant which both scales and parallelizes v... |
2,121,713,844,523 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
For $\lambda \in \mathbb{R}$, the degenerate Bernoulli polynomials of order $k$ are defined by L. Cartliz as
\begin{equation}\begin{split}\label{01}
\left( \frac{t}{(1+\lambda t)^{\frac{1}{\lambda }}-1} \right)^k (1+\lambda t)^{\frac{x}{\lambda }} = \sum_{n=0}^\infty \beta_{n,\lambda }^{(k)} ... |
2,121,713,844,524 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:Introduction}
Dwarf irregular galaxies have relatively simple structure. They are smaller, less massive and have
lower luminosity than spirals and ellipticals. Their rotation speed is very low and the rotation
curve could be very complex (e.g. NGC 4449). The structure of a galaxy is o... |
2,121,713,844,525 | arxiv | \section{\label{sec:level1}Introduction}
Nonlinear dynamical systems display a rich variety of behaviors. Within such systems the dynamics can be regular, repeating periodically where the periodicity can be simple or high-order, or else repeating quasi-periodically. These dynamics can also be stable, such that a small ... |
2,121,713,844,526 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Good data and computation abstractions catch the intrinsic properties of computing and hence play an essential role. The earliest computation models, such as Turing machine~\cite{turing1936computable}, Game of Life~\cite{adamatzky2010game}, Langton's ant~\cite{langton1986studying}, and lambda cal... |
2,121,713,844,527 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Given a Lipschitz bounded domain $\Omega \subset \mathbb{R}^n$, a bounded measurable elliptic matrix $a_{ij}(X)$, i.e. a symmetric matrix with varying coefficients satisfying the $(\lambda, \Lambda)$-ellipticity condition
\begin{equation}\label{ellip}
\lambda \text{Id} \leq a_{ij}(X)\leq \Lam... |
2,121,713,844,528 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Polar-ring galaxies (PRGs, see Fig. \ref{fig:sample}) are peculiar objects composed of a
central component (usually an early-type galaxy) surrounded by
an outer ring or disk, made up of gas, stars, and dust, which
orbits nearly perpendicular to the plane of the gas-poor central
galaxy (Whitmore ... |
2,121,713,844,529 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{intro}
Pure Chern-Simons theories in the absence of matter are topological and have no propagating degrees of freedom. The source free action\footnote{Here, $\kappa$ is the level of the Chern-Simons action defined in dimensional regularization. Gauge invariance of the action \eqref{csp} re... |
2,121,713,844,530 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
In this paper, we study the discrete Bakry-\'Emery theory on connection graphs.
Bakry-\'Emery $\Gamma$-calculus and curvature dimension inequalities \cite{Bakry94,Bakry,BE85,BGL14} provides an important extension of the lower Ricci curvature bounds on a Riemannian manifolds. In recent years, ... |
2,121,713,844,531 | arxiv | \section*{Introduction}
We study finite horizon optimal control problems on multi-domains of $\mathbb{R}^d$ with interfaces where the dynamics and the cost functions may have discontinuities. In particular, we consider a cellular partition of $\mathbb{R}^d$, that is, a disjoint union of subdomains $\Omega_i,\,\, i=1,\... |
2,121,713,844,532 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
This document is a template for \LaTeXe. If you are reading a paper or
PDF version of this document, please download the electronic file
\texttt{ifacconf.tex}. You will also need the class file
\texttt{ifacconf.cls}. Both files are available on the IFAC web site.
Please stick to the format defin... |
2,121,713,844,533 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
In modern engineering there are several examples of applications composed by a large number of subsystems and for which centralized operations can be very expensive. For instance, the use of centralized controllers and state estimators can be hampered by the complexity of the desi... |
2,121,713,844,534 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Recommender systems assume a central part of many real-world applications (\textit{e}.\textit{g}., e-commerce platforms \cite{Zhang_Tan_Zhao_Yu_Kuang_Jiang_Zhou_Yang_Wu_2020,Wang_Huang_Zhao_Zhang_Zhao_Lee_2018,Zhang_Tan_Yu_Zhao_Kuang_Liu_Zhou_Yang_Wu_2020}) with the prevalence of the Internet and... |
2,121,713,844,535 | arxiv |
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:introduction}
The Capacitated Vehicle Routing Problem (CVRP) is classically described as a combination of a Traveling Salesman Problem (TSP) with an additional capacity constraint which lends a Bin Packing (BP) substructure to the problem \citep{Toth2014}. It can be seen as a Set P... |
2,121,713,844,536 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{sec:introduction}}
\input{intro.tex}
\section{Related Work}
\input{related_work}
\section{Methods}
\input{matt-method}
\section{Results}
\input{results}
\section{Discussion}
\input{discussion}
\ifCLASSOPTIONcaptionsoff
\newpage
\fi
\bibliographysty... |
2,121,713,844,537 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The field of extremal combinatorics deals with the asymptotic study of how parameters grow over increasing classes of discrete structures. Recently (see for example \cite{bonin2003introduction}), there has been growing interest in the study of an extremal theory for matroids. This includes an ex... |
2,121,713,844,538 | arxiv |
\section{Introduction}
Testing is an essential activity that drives and ensures quality of software-intensive system. However, the increasing growth and complexity of software systems in combination with limited resources creates prohibitive testing scenarios~\cite{Memon2017_google, deOliveiraNeto2018_astCI}. Test op... |
2,121,713,844,539 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Symmetries play a central role in quantum many-body
physics.
Dynamical symmetry (DS) is a class of symmetry that
appears universally in diverse systems including
hadrons~\cite{Bohm},
nuclei~\cite{IBM}, molecules~\cite{Iachello-Levine}
and atoms~\cite{DS_nano}.
The DS occurs if the Hamiltonian of... |
2,121,713,844,540 | arxiv | \section{Motivation and Goal}
In magnetically-confined plasmas of tokamaks, neutral deuterium/hydrogen (D/H) atoms play a role in energy, momentum, and particle balance, as well as the stabilization of plasma turbulence. One key important fusion performance parameter is the pedestal density. Understanding the pedestal... |
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