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2,121,713,845,141 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Classical Cepheids form an important rung on the cosmic distance ladder because they follow a period-luminosity relation, also called the Leavitt Law \citep{Leavitt1908}. As such, Cepheids are used to measure distances to other galaxies \citep[e.g.][]{Piet2010}, and cosmological parameters \cite... |
2,121,713,845,142 | arxiv | \section{ Introduction}
The decay constants of pseudoscalar mesons have been treated by
current algebra and PCAC like simple scale parameters relating
the meson fields with the coresponding axial currents. In
quark models they are expressed by means of the quark-antiquark
annihilation amplitude [1], but, although sim... |
2,121,713,845,143 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{intro}
The isospin degree of freedom \cite{Hei32,Wig37} is a particular feature of systems that
contain strongly interacting particles. The (a)symmetry energy
characterizes how much the energy of the system changes when the
isospin resp.\ the asymmetry is varied keeping other quantities
... |
2,121,713,845,144 | arxiv | \section{Introduction} \label{sec:intro}
This paper considers the problem of inference in observational studies in which units adopt treatment at varying times and remain treated once adopting treatment. The widespread availability of data with this type of structure has led to the development of several methods for ... |
2,121,713,845,145 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The four thermodynamics laws of black hole, which were originally
derived from the classical Einstein Equation, provide deep insight
into the connection between thermodynamics and Einstein
Equation\cite{Black Hole,ql1}. Recently, this connection has been
investigated extensively in the literature... |
2,121,713,845,146 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Burklund and Senger \cite{BurklundSenger} have recently shown that the volume growth of the (stable and unstable) homotopy groups of spheres is subexponential. Their preprint appeared shortly after the first version of this one, and in light of their work this paper has been greatly revised. The... |
2,121,713,845,147 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Radio propagation measurement is essential for developing propagation models~\cite{Cox} and crucial for
deploying and maintaining operational systems. There are numerous path loss and delay spread models based on measurements made in a variety of environments, using different transmitter height... |
2,121,713,845,148 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Multi-core processors have seen widespread adoption, with nearly every consumer device containing more than one independent processing unit. However, due to shared resources and their corresponding arbitration mechanisms, e.g.\ cache hierarchies and protocols, reasoning about program behaviours... |
2,121,713,845,149 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Discs around young stars occur ubiquitously \citep[e.g.][]{Brinch2007,Yen2014,Tobin2015,Ansdell2016}.
They form due to angular momentum conservation during the collapse of a prestellar core \citep[e.g.][]{Tscharnuter1975,Kamiya1977}.
However, owing to flux freezing,
an initially magnetised c... |
2,121,713,845,150 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
There are many paradigms for graph partitioning and \citep{Buluc2016} covers some of them. In fact, there are many communities working on it from a different perspective. Graph partitioning is often done by computer scientists using linear programming(LP) and semi-definite programming(SDP) as is ... |
2,121,713,845,151 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
After fitting a Bayesian model we often want to measure its predictive accuracy,
for its own sake or for purposes of model comparison, selection, or averaging
(Geisser and Eddy, 1979, Hoeting et al., 1999, Vehtari and Lampinen, 2002, Ando
and Tsay, 2010, Vehtari and Ojanen, 2012). Cross-validati... |
2,121,713,845,152 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The traditional classification of different phases of matter due to Landau rests on symmetry breaking.
Given a pair of gapped Hamiltonians $H_1,H_2$ with some symmetry group $G$,
the ground states of $H_1$ and $H_2$ were considered to be in different phases if their symmetry breaking patterns ar... |
2,121,713,845,153 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:introduction}
As a simple and complete search algorithm, best-first search forms the core of many modern classical planners (e.g. \cite{Helmert2006,Richter2010}). Approaches combining greedy best-first search (GBFS) with other planning techniques have largely been confined to sequentia... |
2,121,713,845,154 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{sec:intro}
Proofs are traditionally syntactic, inductively generated objects.
For example,
Fig.\,\ref{fig:lk-drinker-proof} shows a syntactic proof of\note{the formula} $\drinkerformula$.
This paper reformulates first-order logic (predicate calculus) \cite{Fre} with proofs which are graph-... |
2,121,713,845,155 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Over the past decades already much information on the
nucleon's quark and anti-quark helicity distributions, $\Delta q$ and
$\Delta \bar{q}$, has been collected.
The key processes exploited so far are inclusive and
semi-inclusive deep-inelastic lepton nucleon scattering (DIS)
(see Refs.~\c... |
2,121,713,845,156 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The atomic composition of the Universe is dominated by hydrogen which
means that H$_3^+$, as the stable ionic form of molecular hydrogen, is
thought to be important in many diverse astronomical environments
where it plays a variety of roles \citep{MO00,oka:2006}. So far
H$_3^+$ has been ob... |
2,121,713,845,157 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Recent observations of various origin suggest that around 69\% of the universe consists
of the dark energy sector, while around 26\% constitutes of the cold dark matter one
\cite{Ade:2015xua}. One usually assumes that these two sectors do not mutually
interact, and the resulting scenario is ... |
2,121,713,845,158 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
According to modern cosmology, galaxy clusters reside in the most massive gravitationally bound dark matter halos, and are excellent laboratories to measure the gravity of the universe \citep{kravtsov_borgani}. The gravitational forces in the universe directly influences the collapse and growth ... |
2,121,713,845,159 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{introduction}
Recent STAR and PHENIX experimental results \cite{abelev, horner, adler} have shown that light partons with
high transverse momentum lose a significant amount of energy \cite{energ1, energ2} when
traversing the dense nuclear medium created in central Au+Au collisions.
This le... |
2,121,713,845,160 | arxiv | \section{Introduction and main results}
Let $\Omega$ be a smooth bounded domain in $\mathbb{R}^N$ with $N\ge 2$, $0\in\Omega$ and
$\mu_0:=-\frac{(N-2)^2}{4}$ the best constant for the standard Hardy inequality. The purpose of this paper is to study
the bounds of eigenvalues for the Dirichlet problem
\begin{equa... |
2,121,713,845,161 | arxiv |
\subsection{Simulated experiments}
We focus on simulations of key ocean behaviors of interest to oceanographers: vortices, concentrated divergences, and combinations thereof. As a summary across simulation experiments in \cref{tab:mse}, we see that -- for predictions, divergence estimates, and vorticity estimate... |
2,121,713,845,162 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Quantum cryptography \cite{gisin01,bouda04} (for a popular review see \cite{gottesman00}) is a rapidly developing branch of quantum information processing. The results of quantum cryptography include quantum key distribution \cite{bennett84,ekert91}, quantum secret sharing \cite{hillery99,cleve99... |
2,121,713,845,163 | arxiv | \section{Conclusions}
As it happens in many other fields, the choice of reasonable metrics can have divergent effects on the assessment of (meta-)solvers. While these issues are mitigated when comparing individual solvers in competitions having uniform scenarios in term of size, difficulty, and nature, the comparison o... |
2,121,713,845,164 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
In the three-body problem, three bodies move in space under their
mutual gravitational interactions as described by Newton's theory
of gravity. Solutions of this problem require that future and past
motions of the bodies be uniquely determined based solely on their
present positions ... |
2,121,713,845,165 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{sec:intro}
Recent technological advances have allowed us to collect data at massive scales with relative ease. This trend, often referred to as 'Big Data', has given rise to notoriously challenging high-dimensional parameter estimation problems. A common example is the computation of the {m... |
2,121,713,845,166 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
If the primordial inflation~\cite{Ade:2013uln} has to make connection to the observed world and be a {\it predictive science} then it has to be embedded within a particle
theory~\cite{Mazumdar:2010sa}, where the last $50-60$ e-foldings of inflation must occur within a visible sector with a labo... |
2,121,713,845,167 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\IEEEPARstart{W}{ith} the rapid development of social networks, a massive amount of digital images have been produced. They could be distorted in any stage of the whole media technical chain, from acquisition, processing, compression to transmission and consumption. Therefore, a reliable image qu... |
2,121,713,845,168 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
A practical wireless channel, due to multi-path propagation and Doppler shift, is both time- and frequency-selective. The cyclic prefix (CP)-aided orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) combats the channel frequency-selectivity \cite{DBLP:journals/twc/WangPMZ06}. A large Doppler shi... |
2,121,713,845,169 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The goal of this paper is to study pattern matching conditions on
the wreath product $C_k \wr S_n$ of the cyclic group $C_k$ and the
symmetric group $S_n$. $C_k \wr S_n$ is the group of $k^nn!$ signed
permutations where we allow $k$ signs of the form $1=\omega^0$, $\omega$,
$\omega^2$, $\ldots... |
2,121,713,845,170 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\subsection{Background}
Normal family theory plays a pivotal role in classical complex analysis and in the more modern developments of complex dynamics.
However, checking whether or not a given family is normal directly from the definition is usually a challenging task. For this reason, results... |
2,121,713,845,171 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) such as molybdenum disulfide (MoS$_2$) have layered structures, where the atoms within a TMD monolayer form a covalently bonded planar network, and the interaction between these layers is a weak, van der Waals interaction.\cite{Chhowalla:natchem13,Xu:chemr... |
2,121,713,845,172 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
In \cite{Czech:2015qta}, \cite{Czech:2015kbp} and \cite{Czech:2016xec}, the notion of the ``kinematic space" (k-space) as an intermediary between
the AdS and CFT descriptions was introduced and developed further. In the CFT$_2$\footnote{In \cite{Czech:2016xec}, the k-space was discussed for CFT$... |
2,121,713,845,173 | arxiv | \section{INTRODUCTION}
It is generally speculated that non-equilibrium thermodynamical processes play a crucial role in the description of the physics of the early universe. In fact Schrodinger [1] initiated the microscopic description of the gravitationally induced particle production in an expanding universe. Then a... |
2,121,713,845,174 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
The standard approach to predicting how active a chemical compound will be against a given target (usually a protein that needs to be inhibited) in the development of new medicines is to use machine learning models. Currently, there is no agreed single best learning algorithm to... |
2,121,713,845,175 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
A long-standing problem in astrophysics stems from the work of \cite{Yong04} and \cite{schuler04:Pleiades_M34, schuler06:triplet}, who noticed startling discrepancies involving iron and oxygen abundances, leading to questions regarding the viability of standard 1D-LTE model atmospheres. \cite{Yo... |
2,121,713,845,176 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Ajello et al. (2009, hereafter A09) recently published the list
of blazars detected in the all sky survey by the
Burst Alert Telescope (BAT)
onboard the {\it Swift} satellite, between March 2005 and March 2008.
BAT is a coded mask designed to detect Gamma Ray Bursts (GRBs),
has a large field o... |
2,121,713,845,177 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The recent experimental observation of normal-superfluid transition in two-component Fermi gases \cite{ZSSK,ZSSK2,SSSK} has attracted a great deal of attention on the subject of strongly interacting confined fermionic atoms. In this context, an important result consisted in the observation on the... |
2,121,713,845,178 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The direction of arrival (DOA) estimation of sound sources has been a popular signal processing research topic due to its widespread applications, including speech enhancement and dereverberation, robot auditory, and spatial room acoustic analysis and synthesis. Various algorithms and array st... |
2,121,713,845,179 | arxiv | \section{Introduction and main results}
\makeatletter{\renewcommand*{\@makefnmark}{}
\footnotetext{AMS subject classification: Primary 47D06, 47D08; Secondary 35A08, 35B25}
\footnotetext{Keywords and phrases: Schr\"odinger perturbation, Gaussian estimates}
\footnotetext{The research of the first author was supported by... |
2,121,713,845,180 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Imagine a fog, a colloid, or a polymeric melt: systems in which identical primitives form aggregates of various sizes. In this paper we study the size distributions of such aggregates by analyzing limit shapes for various Gibbs-type probability measures on partitions. These measures are prescrib... |
2,121,713,845,181 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Let $f = \sum_{n = 0}^{\infty}a_{n}q^{n}$ be a normalized cuspidal newform of weight $k$ and level $N$ with character $\varepsilon$, and let $p$ be a prime such that $p \nmid N$. Let $\alpha$ be a root of the Hecke polynomial $X^{2} - a_{p}X + p^{k - 1}\varepsilon(p)$ which,
after fixing an isom... |
2,121,713,845,182 | arxiv | \section{INTRODUCTION}
\label{intro}
\notetoeditor{We would prefer a single column format due to the large widths of the equations.}Accurate measurements of flows in the deep solar interior are important for understanding meridional circulation, differential rotation, and giant convection cells.
Time-distance he... |
2,121,713,845,183 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\begin{figure*}[t]
\begin{centering}
\includegraphics[width=.8\linewidth]{overview.pdf}
\par\end{centering}
\caption{\textbf{Various Floquet-induced quantum states.}
For Dirac fermions as in graphene,
\textbf{a}
illumination of a circularly-polarised light (CPL)
induces the Floquet topolog... |
2,121,713,845,184 | arxiv | \section{INTRODUCTION}
The periodic Anderson model (PAM) gives a schematic description of very
important systems with strongly correlated electrons, and there are several
recent reviews on this subject \cite{Reviews}. The model consists of a
lattice with two localized electronic states at each site, strongly
correlate... |
2,121,713,845,185 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The permutation test is perhaps the most widely used nonparametric test procedure in sciences \cite{chung.2017.IPMI,thompson.2001,zalesky.2010}. It is known as the exact test in statistics
since the distribution of the test statistic under the null hypothesis can be exactly computed if we can c... |
2,121,713,845,186 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The purpose of the Grammatical Error Correction (GEC) task is to correct grammatical errors in natural texts. This includes correcting errors in spelling, punctuation, grammar, morphology, word choice, and others. An intelligent GEC system receives text containing mistakes and produces its corre... |
2,121,713,845,187 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{sec:introduction}
Music has been used to transfer and convey emotions since the initial era of human communication~\cite{juslin:2005:chapter, juslin:2003:pshycb}. In the field of music signal processing, either perceived or induced emotion (see~\cite{juslin2004expression} for details) has b... |
2,121,713,845,188 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\subsection{Aims and objectives}
\label{firstofall}
Much as Hochschild cohomology for an associative algebra characterises deformations of the product structure \cite{Ger:TCSOAAR}, Gerstenhaber-Schack cohomology characterises bialgebra deformations \cite{GerSch:ABQGAAD}, that is, it occurs when o... |
2,121,713,845,189 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The global picture of the formation of structures on all scales
is one of the widest questions in modern cosmology. Even the validity
of the gravitational instability paradigm has not yet received
complete confirmation and the door remains open to alternative
approaches, like the topological d... |
2,121,713,845,190 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\begin{figure*}
\centering
\includegraphics[width=0.7\linewidth]{fig1}
\caption{ a) A photograph of melt ponds taken during the 2005 HOTRAX mission. b) A sketch of the hole drainage model. The model begins with an ice surface, a large fraction of which is flooded. A hole opens at a random locati... |
2,121,713,845,191 | arxiv | \section{Introduction.}
The energy transport by atomistic oscillations in crystalline
solids is a central question in solid state physics. To the first
order approximation, the oscillations can be described by a
discrete wave equation
$$\ddot u_t(\gamma) = -\sum_{\gamma'}
\alpha(\gamma-\gamma') u_t(\gamma')$$
where $... |
2,121,713,845,192 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Since the discovery that super-massive black holes (SMBHs) sit at the centers of
most massive galaxy in the local Universe \citep[e.g.,][]{kormendy95},
determining their formation history remains one of big challenges in astrophysics.
It has been further determined that the mass of SMBHs corr... |
2,121,713,845,193 | arxiv | \section{INTRODUCTION}
Among the fundamental questions in high-$T_c$ superconductors, a description of the normal state of the superconducting oxides in the framework of a Fermi liquid remains a central issue \cite{1}. Within the Fermi-liquid description, the BCS theory of superconductivity predicts an energy gap in th... |
2,121,713,845,194 | arxiv |
\section{Introduction}
Quantum information science and technology is a growing field that provides interesting concepts such as quantum computers, quantum teleportation, and quantum cryptography.
Its development has proved fruitful in both theoretical and experimental aspects, leading to various demonstrations in res... |
2,121,713,845,195 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Principal Components Analysis (PCA) is a widely used dimension reduction technique that finds a small number of orthogonal
basis vectors, called principal components, along which most of the variability of the dataset lies. Accurately computing the principal components in the presence of outlie... |
2,121,713,845,196 | arxiv | \section{\large Introduction}
The interplay between theory and experiments which probe into the
world of the very small and that of the very large has led to
remarkable progress over the last five decades. The insights gained
in the two worlds have in fact become linked. This is indicated
briefly in Chart 1. Studie... |
2,121,713,845,197 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The innermost regions of accreting black holes and the underlying
physics of the accretion process can be successfully studied using the
X-ray spectra of black hole binaries. Over the past years, such
studies have revealed that Galactic black hole binaries (GBHBs)
radiate in various distinct s... |
2,121,713,845,198 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
People rely on word-of-mouth learning when deciding
whether to vaccinate their children, adopt a new diet, participate in an aid program, adopt a new technology, or support
some government policy.
In some cases, such learning fails to deliver a consensus on basic facts that are a vital basis for... |
2,121,713,845,199 | arxiv |
\section{Complexity analysis} \label{sec:complexity}
We presented two different restarting strategies:
the structured semi--explicit restart and the implicit restart.
They have different performances and in general, one is not
preferable to the other. The best choice of the restarting strategy
depends on the p... |
2,121,713,845,200 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{se:intro}
Whether or not newborn stars in star clusters are randomly
drawn\footnote{Random sampling means choosing a number $N$ of stars
randomly from the distribution function which is in this case the IMF.} from
the IMF is of utmost importance for various fields of stellar
astrophysic... |
2,121,713,845,201 | arxiv |
\section{Introduction}\label{sec:intro}
\paragraph{Motivation.}
Recent years have seen growing interest in approaches for augmenting the capabilities of learning-based methods with those of reasoning, often broadly referred to as \emph{neuro-symbolic} (though they may not be strictly neural).
One of the key goals t... |
2,121,713,845,202 | arxiv | \section*{Figure Captions\markboth
{FIGURECAPTIONS}{FIGURECAPTIONS}}\list
{Figure \arabic{enumi}:\hfill}{\settowidth\labelwidth{Figure
999:}
\leftmargin\labelwidth
\advance\leftmargin\labelsep\usecounter{enumi}}}
\let\endfigcap\endlist \relax
\def\tablecap{\section*{Table Captions\markbo... |
2,121,713,845,203 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs)~\cite{anderson_ensher_1995,davis_mewes_1995a,bradley_sackett_95,bradley_sackett_97} are interesting systems to study the non-equilibrium dynamics of interacting quantum gases. The ability to experimentally control the many-body interactions~\cite{chin_grimm_2010},... |
2,121,713,845,204 | arxiv |
\section{Introduction}
The mass function of dark matter halos (i.e., their abundance as a
function of mass) is an important ingredient in constraining
cosmological parameters using galaxies and clusters of galaxies
\nocite{Frenk90,Kauffmann93,Haiman01,Reiprich02,Hoekstra02}({Frenk} {et~al.} 1990; {Kauffmann} \& {W... |
2,121,713,845,205 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
In this paper, we continue our study of theta representations or general Howe correspondences. Our original motivation is to study the tensor induced representations of $p$-adic groups. For that purpose, we study theta representations of finite monoids around this topic. Let $M$ be a finit... |
2,121,713,845,206 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{sec:intro}
Let $\Delta$ be a triangulation of a simply connected
polygonal domain in $\mathbb{R}^2$ having $f_1$ interior edges and
$f_0$ interior vertices. A landmark result in approximation theory is
the 1979 paper of Schumaker \cite{schu}, showing that for any
triangulation $\Delta$, a... |
2,121,713,845,207 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Fix a finite abelian group $A$ of order $d$. Let $K/\mathbb{Q}$ be a Galois extension with $\Gal(K/\mathbb{Q}) \cong A$. We can view $K$ as $d$-dimensional $\mathbb{Q}$ vector space. Suppose that $\omega_1, \ldots, \omega_d$ is a basis then consider the affine variety $T$ over $\mathbb{Q}$ define... |
2,121,713,845,208 | arxiv |
\subsection{Function approximation via Physics-Informed Neural Networks}\label{subsec:NN_methodology}
The goal of the PINN is to accurately approximate the complex mapping $\phi$ such that we can obtain approximations of the system's state evolutions $\hat{\bm{x}}(t; \mathcal{C})$ and $\hat{\bm{y}}(t; \mathcal{C})$ ... |
2,121,713,845,209 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The feasibility of a quantum information task is related to the
reduced or absence of non-local resources needed to
its implementation and is an important asset for quantum
communication purposes \cite{braunstein}, setting the limit for its
widespread use. However, Quantum State Tomography (QS... |
2,121,713,845,210 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
In the last years, the development of computer vision algorithms has seen a massive improvement thanks to the advent of deep learning enabling new applications in the context of autonomous driving, video surveillance, and virtual reality.
The visual understanding capabilities of... |
2,121,713,845,211 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\subsection{Normalized characters and Stanley polynomials}
For a Young diagram $\lambda$ with $N=|\lambda|$ boxes and a partition $\pi\vdash k$ we denote by
\[ \Ch_\pi(\lambda) = \begin{cases}
\underbrace{N(N-1)\cdots(N-k+1)}_{k \text{ factors}}\ \frac{\chi^{\lambda}\left(\pi\cup
1^{... |
2,121,713,845,212 | arxiv | \section{\label{sec:intro}Introduction}
Although studied theoretically for many years and observed in our space surroundings, collisionless shocks still show a variety of physical processes that reveal complex physics behind them. Some basic properties of shocks in general, including non-linear steepening, are expla... |
2,121,713,845,213 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{ett}
Pseudoscalar mesons are produced in high-energy electron-nucleus
scattering through a two-photon process where the two photons are
radiated, one by the high-energy electron and the other by the atomic nucleus.
This possibility was studied, in the Born approximation,
by Hadji... |
2,121,713,845,214 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\subsection{Objectives and state of the art}
Understanding electromagnetic phenomena has played
a fundamental role in quantum mechanics.
The simplest mathematical model for the Hamiltonian of an electron,
subject to an external electric field described
by a scalar potential $V:\mathbb{R}^3\to\... |
2,121,713,845,215 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Many years ago a model for a varying gravitational coupling was introduced \cite{brans}. The model consisted of a massless scalar field whose inverse was associated with the gravitational coupling. Such a field evolved dynamically in the presence of matter and led to cosmological predictions diff... |
2,121,713,845,216 | arxiv | \section{Acknowledgements}
\bibliographystyle{acl_natbib}
\section{Human Semantic Processing}
The study of human semantic memory---word meanings, their relations, and their storage---is challenging due to the complexity of factors involved. Finding (1) the right representation for word meanings and their relations, ... |
2,121,713,845,217 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
In this work we consider the inverse mean curvature flow (IMCF)
\begin{equation} \dot{x}=\frac{1}{H}\nu\end{equation} in an ambient manifold of the form $([R_{0},\infty)\times\S^{n},\-{g}).$ For the detailed set of assumptions see \ref{assA}, \ref{assB} and \ref{assC}. The motivation for this in... |
2,121,713,845,218 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Group testing improves testing capabilities for infectious diseases when resources are limited. In normal scenarios, infected individuals from a population of size $N$ are identified by testing all population members individually, which uses $N$ tests. In the simplest form of group testing, indi... |
2,121,713,845,219 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Recently a series of new results on the classical divergence equation have been published. In the original paper due to J. Bourgain and H. Brezis \cite{BB1} the authors presented new developments for the solvability of the equation
\begin{equation}\label{divergente}
\diver v =F,
\end{equation}
w... |
2,121,713,845,220 | arxiv | \section{Introduction} \label{sec:intro}
\paragraph{Extending the Standard Model to high scales and Higgs inflation.}
No deviations from the Standard Model (SM) of particle physics have been discovered in collider experiments. The only new piece of information (stronger exclusion limits on extensions of the SM aside)... |
2,121,713,845,221 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
\IEEEPARstart{I}{n} this paper we investigate a propagative impact
model for rigid body
systems\cite{baraff_analytical_1989,chatterjee_new_1998} and the
conditions under which it provides a deterministic prediction for
the outcome of simultaneous impacts. Our motivating system ... |
2,121,713,845,222 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The ternary semiconducting compounds with the formula $A^IB^{III}C_2^{VI}$ and $A^{II}B^{IV}C_2^V$ such as $CuAlS_2$, $AgAlSe_2$, $CdSiP_2$, $ZnSnAs_2$ etc have been widely investigated because of their potential applications in electro-optic, optoelectronic and nonlinear optical devices. These c... |
2,121,713,845,223 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
In the paper \cite{Gu:2018fpm}, two of the authors proposed a
description of mirrors to nonabelian two-dimensional gauge theories,
extending work on mirrors to abelian two-dimensional gauge theories
in \cite{Hori:2000kt}. The paper \cite{Gu:2018fpm} only considered
mirrors to gauge theories wit... |
2,121,713,845,224 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
Shannon's well known channel coding theorem \cite{shannon1948mathematical} states that for every channel a code exists, such that encoded messages can be transmitted and decoded with an error as low as needed while the transmission rate is below the channel's capacity. The conve... |
2,121,713,845,225 | arxiv | \section{Introduction} \label{sec.introduction}
Channel capacity is a fundamental notion in the field of information theory that started with the seminal paper of \cite{Shannon1948}. For a given channel, it provides an upper bound on the rate at which information can be reliably transmitted. In this paper we consider t... |
2,121,713,845,226 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{intro}
We will assume throughout that $(\Omega,{\cal F},\P)$ is a given probability space. Let us consider the following
stochastic differential equation (SDE) on ${\mathbf R}^d$
\begin{equation}
\label{sde}
dX_t=\sum_{i=1}^n \sigma_i(X_t) \dd B_t^i+\sigma_0(X_t)\dd t,
\end{equation}
where... |
2,121,713,845,227 | arxiv | \section{Preliminaries}
We can use the definability theorem of Svenonius to study definable
elements in groups. For the case of finite groups, a version of this
theorem will be used which can be proved by an elementary argument.
We briefly discuss this well-known result of the model theory. Let
$\mathcal{L}$ be a... |
2,121,713,845,228 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
It is known that the Dirac-Yang-Mills (DYM) operator ${D\mkern-2mu\llap{{\raise+0.5pt\hbox{\big/}}}\mkern+2mu}=\gamma^\mu D_\mu$, $D_\mu={\partial}_\mu-{\mathrm i} A_\mu$,
is chiral-supersymmetric in any even dimensions \cite{1}, and it is easy to verify that for
a $4$-dimensional, self-dual gau... |
2,121,713,845,229 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:introduction}
\IEEEPARstart{T}{he} EUSO-SPB2 is a precursor mission for future space observatories for multi-messenger astrophysics.
The innovative approach of EUSO-SPB2 is to use the Earth as a giant particle detector, studying fluorescence and Cherenkov light from the edge of the s... |
2,121,713,845,230 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
One of the main features of the relativistic mechanics is that
time and space coordinates are on the same footing. In contrast,
in standard relativistic quantum mechanics
the treatment of those quantities is not symmetric.
This fact poses a puzzle to physics since long time ago.
In a fin... |
2,121,713,845,231 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
In medical imaging studies, one is concerned about whether a newly developed imaging modality is more accurate than traditional modalities to correctly discriminate a subject with abnormal lesions from a subject without such lesions.
Imaging modalities are considered as an example of ... |
2,121,713,845,232 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
In addition to exceptionally high applicability of lithium orthophosphates~\cite{padhi1997phospho,chung2011electronically,park2010review} for electrochemical energy storage in Li-ion batteries, competing magnetic interactions, magnetic anisotropy and coupling of spin and electric degrees of free... |
2,121,713,845,233 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Galaxy clusters are the rarest collapsed objects in the Universe, forming from the largest fluctuations in the primordial density field. A key result is that the abundance of clusters at any epoch depends sensitively on the cosmological initial conditions. Therefore, clusters are important cosmo... |
2,121,713,845,234 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Robot-assisted minimally invasive surgery (RMIS) is now well established in clinical practice as a means of enhancing surgical instrumentation and ergonomics with respect to conventional laparoscopic approaches \cite{Moorthy2004}. Surgical specialisations like gynecology and urology have driven ... |
2,121,713,845,235 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{sec:introduction}
Linear optical quantum information processing (QIP) \cite{Knill:2001aa,kok2007} has a mathematical representation in the form of finite-dimensional unitary transfer matrices operating on a Hilbert space of vectors that represent qubits/qudits \cite{Genovese:2008:1936-6612:... |
2,121,713,845,236 | arxiv | \section*{Acknowledgements}
\noindent We would like to thank Emi Kou for motivating the studies of charmonium production in \mbox{LHCb}\xspace using hadronic final states
and the useful discussions regarding charmonium production mechanisms.
We express our gratitude to our colleagues in the CERN
accelerator departm... |
2,121,713,845,237 | arxiv |
\section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
In this paper we will investigate a regularized version of the optimal
transport problem. Optimal transport dates back to the work of Monge
in 1781 but the problem formulation we use here is the one of
Kantorovich~\cite{kantorovich1942translocation}. Let us fix some
notation... |
2,121,713,845,238 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
The goal of automatic program repair (APR) techniques is to automatically correct bug(s) in a piece of existing troublesome source code. Many researches have been devoted on applying machine learning techniques to APR ~\cite{monperrus2018automatic}. Given the similarity between ... |
2,121,713,845,239 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Magnesium diboride with its superconducting critical temperature $T_c$ similar to doped La$_{2}$CuO$_{4}$, rather simple crystallography and phonon-mediated superconductivity stimulated considerable interest.\cite{Nagamatsu,Budko} Indeed, recent years have reaffirmed that room-temperature supe... |
2,121,713,845,240 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The proper Euclidean geometry studies mutual dispositions of geometrical
objects (figures) in the space (in the set $\Omega $ of points). Any
geometrical object $\mathcal{O}$ is a subset $\mathcal{O\subset }\Omega $ of
points. Relations between different objects are relations of equivalence,
whe... |
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