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2,869,038,155,428
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:intro} Quantum computation has shown advantages over classical computation in solving some intractable computational problems based on the unique properties of quantum mechanics. In recent years, tremendous advances have been made in quantum technologies, in both theory and experiment,...
2,869,038,155,429
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \begin{figure}[!th] \includegraphics[width=0.44\linewidth]{Billiard.pdf} \includegraphics[width=0.54\linewidth]{BottomPlate.pdf} \caption{Left panel: Schematic view of the Dirac billiard, which comprises 1033 metallic cylinders (gray disks) arranged on a triangular grid. In the upmost inset, red...
2,869,038,155,430
arxiv
\section{Introduction} One strategy when studying representations of a family of groups is to find a category where the automorphism groups are the groups of interest. A functor from this category into some some category of modules amounts to a family of representations of the groups equipped with some extra data. T...
2,869,038,155,431
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:introduction} Intersections of Schubert varieties in the Grassmanian provide the prototypical examples of many phenomena in geometry, representation theory and combinatorics. Let \( V \) be a finite dimensional complex vector space and \( \Gr(r,V) \), the \emph{Grassmanian} variety of...
2,869,038,155,432
arxiv
\section*{SUMMARY} Despite advances in artificial intelligence models, neural networks still cannot achieve human performance, partly due to differences in how information is encoded and processed compared to human brain. Information in an artificial neural network (ANN) is represented using a statistical method and p...
2,869,038,155,433
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The famous article by Landesman and Lazer \cite{L} considered a semilinear Dirichlet problem at resonance (on a bounded domain $D \subset \mathbb{R}^n$) \begin{equation} \label{i1} \Delta u+\lambda_k u+g(u)=f(x), \quad x \in D, \quad u=0 \quad \text{on } \partial D\,. \end{equation} A...
2,869,038,155,434
arxiv
\section{Noise channels Kraus operators}\label{Noise_channels_Kraus} To take account of noise in HBAC, we analyze the following noise channels. The single-qubit noise channels' Kraus operators are as follows \cite{nielsen_chuang_2010} \begin{enumerate} \item Generalized amplitude damping channel: \begin{align} E_0&= \...
2,869,038,155,435
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The mean-field game (MFG) theory, introduced by the authors of \cite{caines2013mean} and \cite{lasry2007mean} almost concurrently, provides a powerful framework to study stochastic dynamic games where (i) the number of players involved in the game is large, (ii) each individual player's impac...
2,869,038,155,436
arxiv
\section{Beam Diagnostics} \subsection{Beam Intensity and Position/Angle Monitoring} As with all parity-violation experiments, highly linear, low noise beam property measurements are needed in order to correct helicity-correlated false asymmetries. The $Q_{weak}\;${} experiment will use the beam monitoring already ...
2,869,038,155,437
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Similar to domains such as social networks or social tagging systems~\cite{lacic2014recommending,seitlinger2015attention,kowald2013social}, the personalization of online content has become one of the key drivers for news portals to increase user engagement and convince readers to become paying ...
2,869,038,155,438
arxiv
\section{Introduction and Motivation} The minimal supergravity model (mSUGRA)~\cite{sugra} is commonly regarded as the paradigm framework for phenomenological analyses of weak scale supersymmetry. The visible sector is taken to consist of the particles of the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model\cite{mssm} (MSSM). ...
2,869,038,155,439
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Data synthesis, as can be conveniently performed in graphic engines, provides valuable convenience and flexibility for the computer vision area~\cite{richter2016playing,sakaridis2018semantic,ruiz2019learning,tremblay2018training,sun2019dissecting}. One can synthesize a large amount of training d...
2,869,038,155,440
arxiv
\section{Comparison of different approaches to emulate ATLAS \ensuremath{\mathrm{VV}\rightarrow\mathrm{JJ}}\xspace analysis} \label{app-Avvjj} \par The expected limits obtained in the emulation of the ATLAS \ensuremath{\mathrm{VV}\rightarrow\mathrm{JJ}}\xspace channel show a 40\% discrepancy with respect to the offici...
2,869,038,155,441
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{section:introduction} Much has been learned about the structure and formation of the Milky Way Galaxy from studies of its globular cluster system. The key historical development in this area was Shapley's use of globular clusters to investigate the structure of the Galaxy and the location...
2,869,038,155,442
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Phononic crystals have experienced an increasing interest in recent years because of their potential applications to acoustic filters \cite{Romero}, the control of vibration isolation \cite{Hussein}, noise suppression, and the possibility of building new transducers \cite{Wu}; for a review see \c...
2,869,038,155,443
arxiv
\section*{Abstract} We theoretically study the role of excitatory and inhibitory interactions in the aggregations of male frogs. In most frogs, males produce sounds to attract conspecific females, which activates the calling behavior of other males and results in collective choruses. While the calling behavior is qu...
2,869,038,155,444
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:introduction} In recent years, the complexity of data used to make decisions has increased dramatically. A prime example of this is the use of online reviews to decide whether to purchase a product or visit a local business; we refer to the objects being reviewed as \emph{items}. Cons...
2,869,038,155,445
arxiv
\section{Introduction} A honeycomb monolayer of carbon atoms, known as {\it graphene} \cite{N, Cas, Sar, Kot}, has played an important role in condensed matter research. The undoped system has conical valence \cite{W, Feff1, Feff3} and conduction bands meeting at two different Fermi points, also called the Dirac poin...
2,869,038,155,446
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Theoretical treatment of many-particle systems is connected with a number of comp\-li\-ca\-ti\-ons. Some of them can be resolved by introducing the concept of quasiparticle or ``composite particle'', if this is possible. However, in this way we generally en\-co\-un\-ter various factors of the in...
2,869,038,155,447
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Relativistic heavy-ion collisions are well suited to produce hot and dense matter in the laboratory. Whereas low-energy collisions create nuclear matter at high baryon chemical potential and moderate temperature, high-energy collisions at the Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collider (RHIC) or the Large ...
2,869,038,155,448
arxiv
\section{Test cases}\label{sec:cases} We present results for the optimization of three different DH systems in Denmark. These are located in the cities of Brønderslev, Hillerød and Middelfart. \subsection{Static data} The DH systems differ in terms of types and numbers of units as well as the layout of the demand sit...
2,869,038,155,449
arxiv
\section{INTRODUCTION} If the observed $\gamma$-ray bursts originate at cosmological distances (e.g., Paczy{\'n}ski 1991) then the distance scale of their distribution must correspond to a redshift of order unity for the burst intensity distribution to be consistent with observations (e.g., Paczy{\'n}ski 1991; Piran...
2,869,038,155,450
arxiv
\section{Introduction} After the struggles to understand the still mysterious M theory, Matrix theory \cite{r:BFSS} emerged as the most successful candidate to describe the eleven dimensional theory. Although it has already passed many nontrivial tests, there remains nontrivial issues which needs careful examinations...
2,869,038,155,451
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec_introduction} Self-gravitating systems such as globular clusters and galaxies can be considered as a collection of $N$ stars in gravitational interaction whose dynamics is described by the Hamilton equations of motion \cite{bt}. In statistical mechanics, this situation is associated ...
2,869,038,155,452
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The problem of simulating the dynamics of quantum systems was the original motivation for quantum computers \cite{Fey82} and remains one of their major potential applications. Although classical algorithms for this problem are inefficient, a significant fraction of the world's computing power ...
2,869,038,155,453
arxiv
\section{Introduction} We discuss here a novel method for unsupervised spatio-temporal change detection in multi-temporal SAR/POLSAR images. WECS is based upon correlation screening for energy apportionment on wavelet approximations. The spatial character of the change detection is attained on pixel level. The method ...
2,869,038,155,454
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The Sachdev-Ye-Kitaev (SYK) models \cite{SaYe93,Kit.KITP.2} of fermions with random interactions have been the focus of much recent attention in both the quantum gravity and the condensed matter literature. The majority of this work has focused on the model with Majorana fermions, which has no ...
2,869,038,155,455
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:intro} Discretely holomorphic observables are correlations functions in a two-dimensional lattice model which satisfy a discrete version of the Cauchy--Riemann (CR) equations. In the context of the Ising model, lattice fermions with this type of property were first described in~\cite{D...
2,869,038,155,456
arxiv
2,869,038,155,457
arxiv
\section*{Calculation of lesser and greater Green's functions} \label{app:lessgreat} \subsection{Lesser Green's function: $G^< (x,t,y,t')$} \label{sec:grLes} We provide here the details of the calculation for the lesser Green's function $G^<(x,t,y,t')$ for a $N$-particle TG gas. The lesser Green's function is defined ...
2,869,038,155,458
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Humans possess a natural yet remarkable ability of seamlessly transferring and sharing knowledge across multiple related domains while doing inference for a given task. Effective mechanisms for sharing \emph{relevant} information across multiple prediction tasks (referred as \emph{multi-task ...
2,869,038,155,459
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The success of 2D spectroscopy derives from its ability to correlate electronic transitions at ultrafast time delays, by achieving high resolutions both in frequency and in time.\cite{10.1088/978-0-750-31062-8,doi:10.1146/annurev.physchem.54.011002.103907,doi:10.1002/andp.201300153,GELZINIS20192...
2,869,038,155,460
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The Calogero-Sutherland model (CSM) \cite{Calogero-1969,Sutherland-1971} describes particles moving on a circle and interacting through an inverse $\sin$-square potential. The Hamiltonian of the model reads \begin{equation} \label{CSM} {\cal H}_{CSM} = \frac{1}{2}\sum_{j=1}^{N}p_j^{2} ...
2,869,038,155,461
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Over the last decade, robotic systems have witnessed a great increase in popularity and are used in increasingly complex applications like search and rescue \cite{erdelj2017help}, exploration and mapping \cite{losch2018design}, etc. However, accurate and robust state estimation in these scenarios...
2,869,038,155,462
arxiv
\section{Introduction} In this paper we are going to study the zero temperature dynamics of the one dimensional spin-$\frac{1}{2}$ antiferromagnetic Heisenberg model \begin{equation}\label{hop} H \equiv 2 \sum_{x=1}^N \vec{S}(x) \vec{S}(x+1) - 2 B \sum_{x=1}^N S_3 (x), \end{equation} in the presence of a uniform ex...
2,869,038,155,463
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Attention-based deep learning models for natural language processing (NLP) have shown promise for a variety of machine translation and natural language understanding tasks. For word-level, sequence-to-sequence tasks such as translation, paraphrasing, and text summarization, attention-based models...
2,869,038,155,464
arxiv
\section{Introduction} A \emph{partial order} of a set $X$ is a reflexive, asymmetric and transitive binary relation on $X$. When the relation is total the order is called a \emph{linear order}, since it captures the idea of ordering the elements of $X$ in a line. In contrast, to capture the idea of ordering a set $X...
2,869,038,155,465
arxiv
\section{Introduction}\label{Intro} \IEEEPARstart{A}{utomatic} control systems have had a wide impact in multiple fields, including finance, robotics, manufacturing, and automobiles. Decision automation has gained relatively little attention, especially when compared to decision support systems where the primary aim i...
2,869,038,155,466
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Let $X$ be a compact Hausdorff space and let $C(X)$ be the Banach algebra of complex-valued continuous functions on $X$. We say that $F : C(X) \to C(X)$ is \emph{entire} (in the sense of Lorch) if it is Fr\'{e}chet differentiable at every point $w \in C(X)$ and its differential is given by a mul...
2,869,038,155,467
arxiv
\chapter{Introduction} \indent \input{introduction} \chapter{The CAPTAIN Detector} \indent \input{detector} \chapter{Neutrons} \indent \input{neutrons} \chapter{Neutrinos} \indent \input{neutrinos} \chapter{Conclusions} \indent \input{conclusions} \newpage \section{Cryostats} The CAPTAIN proj...
2,869,038,155,468
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Vortex pinning by material defects \cite{CampbellEvetts_2006} determines the phenomenological properties of all technically relevant (type II) superconducting materials, e.g., their dissipation-free transport or magnetic response. Similar applies to the pinning of dislocations in metals \cite{Ka...
2,869,038,155,469
arxiv
\section{Appendix A}\label{B} Here we describe an example illustrating how adiabatic dephasing Lindbladian, with slaved dephasing term, naturally arise from stochastic unitary evolutions. The example is a stochastic variant of Berry's paradigm of the notion of adiabatic curvature, namely, a spin 1/2 in a magnetic fiel...
2,869,038,155,470
arxiv
\chapter{Introduction} \section{Goals} In this work we provide algorithms\footnote{See~(\ref{eq:AlgI}) in Theorem~\ref{thm:II} and~(\ref{eq:AlgII}) in Theorem~\ref{thm:III}.} approximating the bivector $\displaystyle \partial_{\ell_1} s_{(x)} \wedge \partial_{\ell_2} s_{(x)}$ and the integral $\displaystyle \int_P \...
2,869,038,155,471
arxiv
\section*{Results} \textbf{The principle of quantum interference.} HOM interference, a basic type of quantum interference that reflects the bosonic properties of a single particle, is generally used to test the quantum properties of single plasmons \cite{Hong}. In addition to its fundamental importance within qu...
2,869,038,155,472
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \numberwithin{equation}{section} Historically, gravitational instantons have been explored with the same motivations similar to gauge instantons: to describe the non-perturbative transitions in quantum gravity, and by analytic continuation producing real-time gravitational backgrounds \...
2,869,038,155,473
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Matrix product states (MPS) were first developed by the physics community as compact representations of often intractable wave functions of complex quantum systems~\citep{perez2006matrix,Klumper1993MatrixPG,fannes1992finitely}, in parallel with the equivalent tensor-train decomposition~\citep{Os...
2,869,038,155,474
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) is a passive planar array that can control the reflection and either perform beam-steering and beam-focusing or split the incident beam into multiple reflected beams \cite{yurduseven2020intelligent}. Such surfaces have a potential for capacity improvement...
2,869,038,155,475
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:intro} Nonlinear resonance is a mechanism by which energy is continuously transferred between a small number of linear wave modes. This phenomenon, first observed in Wilton's analysis of gravity-capillary wave trains \cite{Wilton1915}, has been the subject of frequent investigation ov...
2,869,038,155,476
arxiv
\section{Introduction} In this paper we present a new mathematical formalism for describing a massive relativistic particle with spin one. In this formalism, we use a four-dimensional transition from the Heisenberg to the Schr\"odinger picture. In quantum mechanics, the transition from the Heisenberg to the...
2,869,038,155,477
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The Kondo effect, found originally for systems with magnetic impurities in metals is now present in a variety of nanoscopic systems, including semiconducting quantum dots \cite{kou}, magnetic adatoms on surfaces \cite{kou,lobos,trimer} and carbon nanotubes \cite{nyg}. In the latter, in ad...
2,869,038,155,478
arxiv
\section{Introduction and Preliminaries} Over a period of several hundred years theoretical physics has been developed on the basis of real and complex analysis. However, for the past half a century the field of p-adic numbers $\Qp$ (as well as its algebraic extensions) has been intensively used in theoretical and ...
2,869,038,155,479
arxiv
\section{Introduction and some upper bounds} Consider the two-dimensional Euler equation for the vorticity \begin{equation} \dot\theta=\nabla\theta \cdot \psi, \quad \psi=\nabla^\perp \Delta^{-1}\theta, \quad \theta(x,y,0)=\theta_0(x,y) \label{euler} \end{equation} and $\theta$ is $2\pi$--periodic in both $x$ and $y$ ...
2,869,038,155,480
arxiv
\section{Introduction}\label{sec: Introduction} In recent years the puzzling existence of dark matter and dark energy, which cannot be explained either by Einstein's General theory of relativity (GR) or the Standard model of elementary particles, suggests that alternative models have to be kept in mind. \\ \indent Fr...
2,869,038,155,481
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:intro} Deep learning ranking models increasingly represent the state-of-the art in ranking documents with respect to a user query. Different neural architectures \cite{drmm,duet,knrm} are used to model interaction between query and document text to compute relevance. These models rely...
2,869,038,155,482
arxiv
\section*{Acknowledgment} The research reported herein was partly funded by Fonds pour la Formation \`a la Recherche dans l'Industrie et dans l'Agriculture (F.R.I.A.). The authors also want to thank Nicolas Boumal, the founder of the Manopt toolbox, for his precious advice. \ifCLASSOPTIONcaptionsoff \newpa...
2,869,038,155,483
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Deep-inelastic scattering (DIS) remains the most important probe of quantum chromodynamics (QCD) since it was pioneered almost fifty years ago. Various dedicated experiments have been carried out since then aiming to study the internal structure of nucleons, e.g., the HERA experiments by collidin...
2,869,038,155,484
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The anomalous magnetic moment of the muon constitutes both experimentally and theoretically a clean quantity which makes it an ideal object for precision studies. The current experimental value for $a_\mu=(g-2)_\mu/2$ (see Refs.~\refcite{Bennett:2006fi,Roberts:2010cj}) \begin{eqnarray} a_{\mu}...
2,869,038,155,485
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The discovery of the Higgs boson completed the Standard Model (SM) of particle physics \cite{ATLAS:2012yve,CMS:2012qbp}. However, there are still some loose ends which the SM is unable to connect. For instance the nature of Dark Matter (DM), the generation of neutrino masses or the observed Baryo...
2,869,038,155,486
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \vspace{-.4cm} As the dimensions of an electronic device are reduced, the power consumption, and concomitant heat generation, increases. Therefore, a detailed understanding of heat transport at the nanoscale is critical for the future development of stable high-density integrated circuits. F...
2,869,038,155,487
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The experimental realization of highly population-imbalanced atomic gases has dramatically improved our understanding of the properties of mobile impurities in a quantum medium. Using Feshbach resonances~\cite{Chin2010} to tune the interaction between the impurity and the reservoir, cold-ato...
2,869,038,155,488
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{section_introduction} Dust from the Martian surface is regularly swept up by winds to form local, regional, or sometimes even planet-wide dust storms. The airborne dust particles scatter and absorb solar radiation and are therefore very important for the thermal structure of the thin Ma...
2,869,038,155,489
arxiv
\section{Experimental results}\label{sec:results} UED measurements of pulsed laser deposited VO$_2$ films (50 nm) reveal rich pump-fluence dependent dynamics up to the damage threshold of $\sim$40~mJ/cm$^2$ (35 fs, 800 nm, $f_{\textup{rep}}=50-200~$Hz). Figure~\ref{FIG:pump-probe}~(a) shows a typical one-dimensional po...
2,869,038,155,490
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Modeling the human behavior has always been an attempt of several scientists, and with social networks this task can be done in many perspectives. Social networks allow people to interact on the Internet as they do in the real world, sharing their lives through text messages, photos, videos, a...
2,869,038,155,491
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Recently, there has been an increased research effort in exploring adversarial examples which fool machine learning classifiers~\citep{Goodfellow2015, Kurakin2017AdversarialWorld, Szegedy2014,Yuan2017}. The majority of the existing research focuses on the image domain, where an example is gener...
2,869,038,155,492
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Inverse semigroups provide an algebraic framework to study partial dynamical systems and groupoids. This relation is described by noncommutative Stone duality, extending the classical duality between totally disconnected Hausdorff spaces and generalized Boolean algebras to a duality between amp...
2,869,038,155,493
arxiv
\section{\@startsection {section}{1}{\z@}{-3.5ex plus -1ex minus -.2ex}{2.3ex plus .2ex}{\normalsize\bf}} \def\@startsection{subsection}{2}{\parindent{\@startsection{subsection}{2}{\parindent} {.25ex plus 1ex minus .2ex}{-.3em}{\normalsize}} \def\subsubsection{\@startsection{subsubsection}{3}{\z@}{-3.25ex plus -1ex m...
2,869,038,155,494
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Decarbonising global energy systems is at the core of climate change mitigation. The expansion of renewable energies is one important measure to attain this goal \cite{Jaegemann2013,Dagoumas2019}. Globally, wind power and solar PV have been the renewable energy sources with the highest growth ra...
2,869,038,155,495
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:intro} Modern machine learning (ML) methods are driven by complex, high-dimensional, and nonparametric models that can capture highly nonlinear phenomena. These models have proven useful in wide-ranging applications including vision, robotics, medicine, and natural language. At the sa...
2,869,038,155,496
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Mechanical ventilation is a widely used treatment with applications spanning anaesthesia \citep{coppola2014protective}, neonatal intensive care \citep{van2019modes}, and life support during the current COVID-19 pandemic \citep{meng2020intubation, wunsch2020mechanical, mohlenkamp2020ventilat...
2,869,038,155,497
arxiv
\chapter*{Executive Summary} \addtocentrydefault{chapter}{}{Executive Summary} \markboth{Executive Summary}{Executive Summary} \ifx1\undefined\else This deliverable reports on the activities in EuroLab-4-HPC WP2 Research during the final year (M13 to M24) of the project. It contains the EuroLab-4-HPC Long-Term Vision ...
2,869,038,155,498
arxiv
\section{The MALT90 Survey} The Millimeter Astronomy Legacy Team Survey at 90 GHz (MALT90) will characterize the physical and chemical conditions of dense molecular clumps associated with high-mass star formation over a wide range of evolutionary states. MALT90 uses the Mopra Spectrometer (MOPS) and the fast mapping ca...
2,869,038,155,499
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Nowadays, transportation is predominantly dependent on motor vehicles, which has resulted in a practical problem in urban areas, traffic congestion. In 2014, congestion caused urban Americans to spend a cost of \$160 billion on substantial delays and extra fuel consumption \citep{schrank20152015...
2,869,038,155,500
arxiv
\section{INTRODUCTION\label{intro}} Detections of multiple main sequences and giant branches in globular clusters (GC; \mbox{\it e.g.}\ $\omega$Cen, NGC~2808, and NGC~1851; Bedin \mbox{et al.}\ 2004\citep{bed04}, Piotto \mbox{et al.}\ 2007\citep{pio07}, Han \mbox{et al.}\ 2009\citep{han09}) have challenged the notion...
2,869,038,155,501
arxiv
\section{Introduction} We develop a new scope of inferential procedures for testing the shape constraints on the regression coefficients in function-on-scalar regression models through the linear operator representation, where functional responses are incompletely observed. {\color{black} We assume that the functional ...
2,869,038,155,502
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The situation in physical cosmology is currently governed by experiment (observations) which made an increasing progress for the recent years. However, the theory of formation of {\it Large Scale Structure} in the Universe leaves something to be desired while a progress is still there: the simp...
2,869,038,155,503
arxiv
\section{Introduction}\label{Sec:Introduction} Persistent homology, a method for studying topological features over changing scales, has received tremendous attention in the past decade \cite{Edelsbrunner:2002,Zomorodian:2005}. The basic idea is to measure the life cycle of topological features within a filtration, i....
2,869,038,155,504
arxiv
\section{Introduction}\label{intro} For any $n\geq 0$, let \begin{align* W_n(q)=\sum_{k=0}^{n}\binom{n}{k}^2 q^k \end{align*} denote the $n$-th Narayana polynomial of type $B$. Wang and Zhu \cite{WZ16}, and Sokal \cite{Sok15} independently proved that the Hankel matrix \begin{equation}\label{eq-Hankel-def} H =(...
2,869,038,155,505
arxiv
\section{Introduction} C*-algebra theory is a blend of algebra and analysis which turns out to be much more than the sum of its parts, as illustrated by its fundamental results of Gelfand duality and the GNS representation theorem. Nevertheless, the C*-algebra axioms seem somewhat mysterious, and it may not be very cl...
2,869,038,155,506
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:Introduction} Future ground-based and space-borne observatories, equipped with large aperture telescopes and sensitive large format detectors will provide broad-band imaging data for more than a billion galaxies. These data are pivotal to better understanding of dark sectors of the U...
2,869,038,155,507
arxiv
\section{Lower Bounds in the Classical Radio Broadcast Model} In this section, we focus on the problem of local broadcast in the classical model and present lower bounds for both progress and acknowledgment times. We emphasize that all these lower bounds are presented for centralized algorithms and also, in the model w...
2,869,038,155,508
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Travel industry actors, such as airlines and hotels, nowadays use sophisticated pricing models to maximize their revenue, which results in highly volatile fares~\cite{Chen2015}. For customers, price fluctuation are a source of worry due to the uncertainty of future price evolution. This situati...
2,869,038,155,509
arxiv
\section{Introduction} A human cannot live alone without the help of others and has to make a relationship with people based on mutual cooperation. This network of cooperation is a foundation of the society. However, ironically, the human is tempted to act selfishly in the society \cite{Hardin1243,RAND2013413}. When o...
2,869,038,155,510
arxiv
\section[]{Introduction} A key feature of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) is the observed relation within a burst between the luminosity and the $\nu F_{\nu}$ peak energy ($E_{\rm peak}^{\rm rest}$) \citep{Golenetskii:1983,Kargatis:1994,Borgonovo:2001,Ryde:2006,Ghirlanda:2010,Lu:2010bj,Zhang:2012fq,Guiriec:2013hl,Burgess:2014}...
2,869,038,155,511
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:Int} Let $\mbb{K}$ be a field of characteristic $0$. By {\em parameter algebra} over $\mbb{K}$ we mean a complete local noetherian commutative $\mbb{K}$-algebra $R$, with maximal ideal $\mfrak{m}$, such that $R / \mfrak{m} = \mbb{K}$. The important example is $R = \mbb{K}[[\hbar]]$, t...
2,869,038,155,512
arxiv
\section{Amplitudes} We consider the following scattering process, \begin{align}\label{kinematicassignment} g(p_1, \lambda_1, a_1) + g(p_2, \lambda_2, a_2) \to \gamma(p_3,\lambda_3) + \gamma(p_4,\lambda_4) , \end{align} with on-shell conditions $p_j^2 = 0, j=1,...,4$. The helicities $\lambda_i$ of the external parti...
2,869,038,155,513
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec-intro} We consider random walks in random environments on $\mathbb{Z}^{d}$, $d\geq3$, when the environment is a small perturbation of the fixed environment corresponding to simple random walk. More precisely, let $\mathcal{P}$ be the set of probability distributions on $\mathbb{Z}^{d}...
2,869,038,155,514
arxiv
\section{Introduction} A graph $G=(V,E)$ is a \textit{contact graph of paths on a grid} (or \textit{CPG} for short) if there exists a collection $\mathcal{P}$ of interiorly disjoint paths on a grid $\mathcal{G}$ in one-to-one correspondence with $V$ such that two vertices are adjacent in $G$ if and only if the corre...
2,869,038,155,515
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:introduction} \subsection{Price impact} Liquidity in financial markets is an elusive concept, with many definitions in existence. From a practical point of view, however, one of its most important metrics is the response of price to buying and selling. This reaction is called \emph{p...
2,869,038,155,516
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The Szeg\"{o} theorem (also known as the strong Szeg\"{o} theorem) is an interesting asymptotic formula for the restrictions of functions of the Toeplitz operators as the size of the domain of restriction tends to infinity. It has a number of applications and extensions pertinent to analysis, ma...
2,869,038,155,517
arxiv
\section{ Additional figures related to the \decay{\Dz}{\Km\pip\pip\pim} test case} \label{App:AppA} \begin{figure}[tb] \hspace*{-3cm} \includegraphics[width=1.4\linewidth]{Distr_m12_1} \vspace*{-0.5cm} \caption{Distributions of $m_{12}$, $m_{23}$, $m_{34}$, $m_{123}$ and $m_{234}$ in the original...
2,869,038,155,518
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{S:Intro} \setcounter{equation}{0} Recently there has been much interest and an evolving theory of noncommutative function theory and associated multivariable operator theory and multidimensional system theory with evolution along a free semigroup; we mention \cite{A-KV, KV-V,...
2,869,038,155,519
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sect:intro} Graphs with or without special patterns for edge crossings are an important topic in Topological Graph Theory, Graph Drawing, and Computational Geometry. Particular patterns are no crossings, single crossings, fans, independent edges, or no three pairwise crossing edges...
2,869,038,155,520
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The crystallization process we consider here deals with germs $g=(x_g,t_g)$ that appear at random times $t_g$ on random locations $x_g$. The born process $\mathcal{N}$ is a Poisson point process on $\mathbb{R}^d\times\mathbb{R}^+$ with intensity measure denoted by $\Lambda$. Once the germs or cri...
2,869,038,155,521
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Systematic trading strategies are algorithmic procedures that allocate assets aiming to optimize a certain performance criterion. To obtain an edge in a highly competitive environment, the analyst needs to proper fine-tune its strategy, or discover how to combine weak signals in novel alpha creat...
2,869,038,155,522
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Ultra-reliable and low-latency communication (URLLC) is one of the generic applications required to be covered in the fifth-generation (5G) \cite{durisi2016toward,bennis2018ultrareliable,zhang2021ris}. As a result, it has been attracted significant interests since it enables several innovative ...
2,869,038,155,523
arxiv
\section{Tight-binding Hamiltonians} For the calculation of the relaxation time and resistivity, we rely on the use of a tight-binding model. We adopt a general formulation of the tight-binding approach with Hamiltonian \begin{align} H = -\sum_{\langle i,j\rangle} t_{\parallel} (\r_i-\r_j) \; (a_{1,i}^{\dagger}a_{1,j}+...
2,869,038,155,524
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec-intro} Given any finite square matrix $B$ with nonnegative integer entries and no zero rows or columns, Cuntz and Krieger defined a $C^*$-algebra $\mathcal{O}_B$, which is generated by partial isometries satisfying relations associated to $B$ \cite{CK1}. Also, given any square matrix ...
2,869,038,155,525
arxiv
\section{Estimating the black hole spin from the resonance models} The resonance model \citep[][]{KluzniakAbramowicz2000} explains the twin peak QPOs as being caused by a 3:2 non-linear resonance between two global modes of oscillations in accretion flow in strong gravity. The modes in resonance are often assumed to ...
2,869,038,155,526
arxiv
\section{introduction} The spin-transport properties of Pt have been studied intensively. Pt exhibits efficient, reciprocal conversion of charge to spin currents through the spin Hall effect (SHE)\cite{Saitoh_2006,Mosendz_2010,Liu_2011,Wang_2014}. It is typically used as detection layer for spin current evaluated in no...
2,869,038,155,527
arxiv
\section{Introduction} In recent years, Implicit Neural Representations (INRs) have been proposed as continuous data representations for various tasks in computer vision. With INR, data is represented as a neural function that maps continuous coordinates to signals. For example, an image can be represented as a neural...