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2,877,628,088,554
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \par Moral decision-making in communication often concerns the choice whether to tell the truth or to deceive. Whilst it is generally agreed that it is bad to tell lies that increase your benefit at the expense of that of another person (black lies), moral philosophers have long argued about if...
2,877,628,088,555
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Let X be a topological space. We will consider configuration space of n ordered distinct points in X: $$F(X,n)=\{(x_1,\ldots,x_n)\in X^n| x_i\neq x_j,\quad \forall \quad i\neq j \}$$ If X admits a group action $G\times X \rightarrow X$, we consider orbit configuration space: $$F_G(X,n)=\{(x_...
2,877,628,088,556
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Over the last decade, {a series of cosmological $N$-body simulations called} the Horizon Run (HRs) simulations have served as a testbed for cosmological models through comparisons with the observed large-scale distribution of galaxies. The first Horizon Run (HR1) was performed ...
2,877,628,088,557
arxiv
\section{Overview} Recently, a family of non-supersymmetric dualities between Chern-Simons-matter theories in $2+1$-dimensions has been conjectured \cite{Aharony:2015mjs}. Due to the fact that one side of the duality contains bosons and the other has fermions, such identifications have been termed ``3d bosonization'' ...
2,877,628,088,558
arxiv
\section{Introduction} In recent years, many new services and use cases with a focus on Internet of Things (IoT), such as smart city, factory automation and so on, have emerged for wireless communications. Most of these use cases are realized by deploying computationally complex algorithms on user devices with limited...
2,877,628,088,559
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The study of noncommutative geometry is an active topic in both theoretical physics and mathematics. From the mathematical perspective it is a generalization of classical (commutative) geometry. From the physics perspective it is suggested by the \textit{Gedankenexperiment} of localizing events ...
2,877,628,088,560
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \begin{figure*} \centerline{\psfig{file=multispec.eps,width=14.8cm}} \caption{Results of the \hi\ absorption experiment. The uniformly weighted, 21~cm continuum image is displayed as contours over greyscale. The white circle indicates the location of the AGN according to the alignment of Capett...
2,877,628,088,561
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sc.intro} The recent results from the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) \cite{rhic-results} indicate the formation of a thermalized medium endowed with large collective flow and very low viscosity \cite{teaney}. These findings suggest that Quark Gluon Plasma (QGP) is a strongly intera...
2,877,628,088,562
arxiv
\section{Introduction} There has been a growing interest in laser-driven pulsed neutron sources, for their wide applications in fields like fundamental physics~\cite{kappeler_nuclear_2006}, energy~\cite{perkins_investigation_2000}, security~\cite{sowerby_recent_2007}, and medical science~\cite{wittig_boron_2008}. One ...
2,877,628,088,563
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Since Hawking radiation was first discovered \cite{swh74,swh75}, its inconsistency with quantum theory has been widely noticed. Irrespective of what initial state a black hole starts with before collapsing, it evolves eventually into a thermal state after being completely exhausted into emitted ...
2,877,628,088,564
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Autonomous systems and humans have different strengths. \citet{moravec1988mind} claimed in 1988 that ``It is comparatively easy to make computers exhibit adult level performance on intelligence tests or playing checkers, and difficult or impossible to give them the skills of a one-year-old wh...
2,877,628,088,565
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Consider a generic slow-fast system on the two-dimensional torus \begin{equation}\label{eq:slow_fast_system} \left\{ \begin{aligned} \dot{x}&=f(x,y,\varepsilon)\\ \dot{y}&=\varepsilon g(x,y,\varepsilon)\\ \end{aligned} \right. \hspace{40pt} (x,y)\in\mathbb...
2,877,628,088,566
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Planar structures with periodically arranged subwavelength elements, coined as metasurfaces~\cite{Tretyakov,Holloway,Glybovski,bian_metasurfaces,chenreview}, have attracted considerable attention in the last decade (see e.g.~\cite{Estakhri,FranciscoCuesta,Eleftheriades101,XWangAalto,mirmoosaaalt...
2,877,628,088,567
arxiv
\section{Introduction} This paper derives in full detail one of two kinds of asymptotic formulas for the $12j$ symbol, in the limit of one small and 11 large angular momenta. We will first briefly review some of the previous works on the Wigner $12j$ symbol. Its definition and exact formula are described in the textbo...
2,877,628,088,568
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sect-1} The problem of variability of fundamental physical constants has a long history starting 70 years ago with publications by \citet{Mil35} and \citet{Dir37}. The review of its current status is given in \cite{Uza03,GIK07}. Recent achievements in laboratory studies of the time-variat...
2,877,628,088,569
arxiv
\section{Introduction} As the most abundant molecular species in the universe, molecular hydrogen (H$_{2}$) is the main constituent of giant molecular clouds, the exclusive birthplaces of stars (e.g., \citeauthor{Kennicutt12} 2012). Recent observations of galaxies at both low and high redshifts have shown that ...
2,877,628,088,570
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The conflict between quantum theory and general relativity exposed by the black hole information paradox has swung back and forth for nearly four decades, recently inflamed by the firewall paradox. There have been a variety of previous proposals that the black hole horizon is not as general rel...
2,877,628,088,571
arxiv
\section{INTRODUCTION} \label{sec:intro} Various experimental observations over the last few decades have conclusively established the robustness of the Standard Model (SM). Nonetheless, there are a few issues demonstrating the presence of physics beyond the SM, for example, the nature and existence of dark matter (DM...
2,877,628,088,572
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Laser cooling is an effective tool to reduce the temperature of confined ions, particularly from temperatures of up to several thousands of kelvin down to the Doppler limit, which is commonly in the mK range \cite{ita,buch,dem,mett}. For magnesium ions, this has been demonstrated under various ...
2,877,628,088,573
arxiv
\section{Introduction}\label{sec:introduction} Energy management (or demand management) is a technique that changes the electricity usage patterns of end users in response to the changes in the price of electricity over time~\cite{Albadi-JEPSR:2008,Liu-STSP:2014}. With the advancement of distributed energy resources (D...
2,877,628,088,574
arxiv
\subsubsection{} #1 \bigskip} \newcommand{\blockn}[1]{\par #1 \bigskip} \newcommand{\blockp}[1]{\par #1} \newcommand{\Th}[1] { \bigskip \textbf{Theorem : }{\itshape #1} \bigskip } \newcommand{\Prop}[1] { \bigskip \textbf{Proposition : }{\itshape #1} \bigskip } \newcommand{\Cor}[1] { \big...
2,877,628,088,575
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Let $g_1, \dots, g_s \in \mathbb{R}[X_1,\dots,X_n]$ and consider the basic closed semialgebraic set $$ S = \{x \in \mathbb{R}^n \ | \ g_1(x) \ge 0, \dots, g_s(x) \ge 0 \}. $$ Given $f \in \mathbb{R}[X_1,\dots,X_n]$ such that $f$ is non-negative on $S$, a classical question is if there is a...
2,877,628,088,576
arxiv
\section{Introduction} General Relativity is the favorite theory of gravitation, and it is based on the equivalence principle, and in the end on the assumption that the gravitational constant, $G$, is indeed constant. However, this is just a hypothesis which needs to be verified. In fact, there are several ...
2,877,628,088,577
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Electrical conduction in organic semiconductors is typically interpreted in terms of temperature activated hopping of charge carriers. A seminal work\cite{Mot69} by Mott showed that the hopping conductivity follows a stretched exponential dependence on temperature, \begin{align} \label{eq:1} \si...
2,877,628,088,578
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The ECG is often corrupted by different types of noise, namely, power line interference, electrode contact and motion artifacts, respiration, electrical activity of muscles in the vicinity of the electrodes and interference from other electronic devices. Analysis of noisy ECGs is difficult for...
2,877,628,088,579
arxiv
\section{Acknowledgements} We thank the staff of the Collider-Accelerator and Physics Departments at BNL for their vital contributions. We acknowledge support from the Department of Energy and NSF (U.S.A.), MEXT and JSPS (Japan), CNPq and FAPESP (Brazil), NSFC (China), IN2P3/CNRS, CEA, and ARMINES (France), BMBF, D...
2,877,628,088,580
arxiv
\section{Preliminaries}\label{sec:Setting} \input{Generalities} \section{On the continuity}\label{sec:RegularValues} \input{Regular_Values} \section{On the smoothness}\label{sec:Consequences} \input{Consequences} \subsection{The end-point map}In what follows we fix a point $x_0\in M$ and a time $T>0$. \...
2,877,628,088,581
arxiv
\section{ Main theorems} \setcounter{equation}{0} \subsection{ The steady Euler equations with force} Here we are concerned on the steady equations on $\Bbb R^N$ with force. \bb\label{main} \left\{ \aligned & ( v\cdot \nabla ) v = -\nabla p +\Phi ,\\ &\mathrm{div} \, v=0, \endaligned \right. \ee w...
2,877,628,088,582
arxiv
\section*{\refname\markboth{\MakeUppercase{\refname}}{\MakeUppercase{\refname}}}% \addcontentsline{toc}{section}{\refname}% } \def\<{\langle} \def\>{\rangle} \deft_w{t_w} \deft_p{t_p} \newcommand{\textgr}[1]{\textcolor{red}{#1}} \newcommand{\textgx}[1]{\textcolor{black}{#1}} \title{Spatial correlations of elementar...
2,877,628,088,583
arxiv
\section*{References} \medskip
2,877,628,088,584
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \input{sections/introduction} \section{A model for sequence validity} \input{sections/model_description} \section{Online generation of synthetic training data} \input{sections/active_learning} \section{Experiments} \input{sections/python} \input{sections/molecules} \section{Discussion} \inpu...
2,877,628,088,585
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Turbulent mean field dynamos are thought to be at the heart of magnetic field generation and maintenance in most astrophysical bodies, like the sun or the galaxy. A particularly important driver of the mean field dynamo (MFD) is the $\alpha$-effect which, in the kinematic regime, depends only on...
2,877,628,088,586
arxiv
\section{Problems and motivation}\label{se:intro} It is known that in Euclidean space every continuous global optimization problem on a compact set can be reformulated as a d.c. optimization problem, i.e. a nonconvex problem which can be described in terms of {\em d.c. functions} (difference of convex functions) and ...
2,877,628,088,587
arxiv
\section*{Abstract} Female moths attract male moths by emitting to the atmosphere a series of pheromone filaments propagating downwind. The filaments appear to be aggregated into clusters (patches) while moving. In order to find the female moth, the male moth senses the concentration of the pheromone (e.g. odour) dis...
2,877,628,088,588
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{intro} The electromagnetic emissivity of strongly interacting matter is a subject of longstanding interest \cite{FeinbShur,ChSym} and is explored in particular in relativistic nucleus-nucleus collisions, where the photons (and dileptons) measured experimentally provide a time-integra...
2,877,628,088,589
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Soliton formation is an important and rich nonlinear phenomenon in various branches of physics. In many exactly solvable models, both classical and quantum mechanical ones, soliton plays a unique role. It is well known that the interacting bosons in one dimension (the Lieb-Liniger model) show an ...
2,877,628,088,590
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:introduction} The physics of radiopulsars is still not fully understood despite large effort of many theoreticians in this field. It is generally assumed that radiopulsar has MHD-like magnetosphere which is very close to the force-free stage -- the model firstly introduced by \citet{...
2,877,628,088,591
arxiv
\section{Setting} In order to understand iterative decoding of low-density-parity-check codes (LDPC), two operations need to be studied. These operations are the variable node convolution $\otimes$ and the check node convolution $\boxtimes$. They correspond to the merging of information respectively by variable nodes a...
2,877,628,088,592
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:intr} The Higgs mechanism gives rise to clear and detectable signatures that can be probed at hadron colliders. The Tevatron is now leading a race~\cite{Collaboration:2009je}, that the LHC will soon join, to find this spinless particle. The most relevant searches for a SM Higgs boson ...
2,877,628,088,593
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{submission} Computer aided medical image analysis has become a critical component in the diagnosis and treatment of various diseases \cite{chakraborty2023overview,duncan2000medical}. Deep learning models, such as Convolution neural networks (CNNs), have shown exceptional performance in ana...
2,877,628,088,594
arxiv
\section{\label{sec:level1}Introduction} The solid state structures seem quite promising to implement quantum computers. The first proposal of the solid state quantum computer based on quantum dots was put forward in 1998 by D. Loss and P. DiVincenzo \cite{loss}. The quantum calculations were offered to be performed on...
2,877,628,088,595
arxiv
\section*{Supplementary material} \subsection*{The teacher/student example} In this article we have described the conceptual significance of the theory using a detailed narrative of a student sitting a series of tests. Here we present a table relating all the symbols to each object in the narrative to aid the reader. ...
2,877,628,088,596
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Group-level duality of $G(N)_K$ Chern-Simons theory \cite{r1,r2,r3,r4,r5} has provided a number of insights into the structure of topological theories. Properties of pairs of theories are tightly constrained by duality maps $G(N)_{K}\longleftrightarrow G(K)_N$, where $N$ is the dimension of the d...
2,877,628,088,597
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \vspace{.1in} \paragraph{} This paper is a companion to \cite{BS}, where a categorical approach to the rings of diagonal invariants $$\boldsymbol{\Lambda} \hspace{-.06in} \boldsymbol{\Lambda}=\mathbb{C}[x_1^{\pm 1}, \ldots, y_1^{\pm 1}, \ldots]^{\mathfrak{S}_{\infty}}, \qquad \boldsymbol{\Lamb...
2,877,628,088,598
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \subsection{Monotone orbifold Hurwitz numbers} A sequence of transpositions $\tau_1,\dots,\tau_m\in S_d$, $\tau_i=(a_i,b_i)$, $a_i<b_i$, $i=1,\dots,m$, is called monotone if $b_1\leq b_2\leq \cdots\leq b_m$. For the entire paper, fix a positive integer $q$. The disconnected monotone $q$-orbifol...
2,877,628,088,599
arxiv
\part{title} \usetikzlibrary{arrows} \newtheorem{theorem}{Theorem} \newtheorem*{theorem17}{Theorem 17} \newtheorem*{theorem18}{Theorem 18} \newtheorem*{theorem28}{Theorem 28} \newtheorem{corollary}[theorem]{Corollary} \newtheorem{proposition}[theorem]{Proposition} \newtheorem{lemma}[theorem]{Lemma} \newtheorem{remark...
2,877,628,088,600
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Let $\mathcal{K}$ be a class of first order structures in the same signature, and let $\mathbf{A},\mathbf{B}\in\mathcal{K}$. We say that $\mathbf{A}$ is an \emph{epic substructure} of $\mathbf{B}$ in $\mathcal{K}$ provided that $\mathbf{A}$ is a substructure of $\mathbf{B}$, and for every ...
2,877,628,088,601
arxiv
\section{Introduction and Related Works} The area of crowdsourcing for older adults is both underappreciated and underexplored and developing sustainable solutions for older adults is still challenging \cite{knowles2018wisdom,knowles2018older}. This may be due to multiple barriers both specific to the required ICT-ski...
2,877,628,088,602
arxiv
\section{Introduction} While Machine Learning technologies are increasingly used in a wide variety of domains ranging from critical systems to everyday consumer products, currently only a small group of people with formal training possess the skills to develop these technologies. Supervised ML, the most common type of ...
2,877,628,088,603
arxiv
\section{Introduction} There are numerous reasons to study geometry and physics of noncommutative spaces. Besides the purely mathematical interest in geometries that may be associated to general, or to $C^\ast$-algebras, spaces with noncommuting coordinates appear as effective in string theory and loop quantum gravit...
2,877,628,088,604
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Elucidating the nature of the electroweak symmetry breaking sector of the Standard Model (SM) is the main goal of the Large Hadron Collider currently running at CERN. It is widely believed that the simplest scenario involving a single scalar Higgs field is untenable due to the fine tuning and tri...
2,877,628,088,605
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Measurements are usually made to identify one out of a number of possibilities. In particular, in state discrimination measurements, in which the object is to determine which quantum state one has, the task is to design a measurement that will tell you exactly that, what the state of the system ...
2,877,628,088,606
arxiv
\section*{Introduction} \setcounter{equation}{0} The cohomology of quotients arising from geometric invariant theory (GIT) has been the object of much study. In \cite{kir1} Kirwan used the analyses of instability in the previous works of Hesselink \cite{hes1}, Kempf \cite{kem1}, and Kempf-Ness \cite{kem-nes1} to e...
2,877,628,088,607
arxiv
\section{Introduction \label{SEC:INTRO}} It is well established that the presence of structured surfaces can have a profound impact on the phase behaviour and particularly, the freezing transition of atomic, molecular, and colloidal fluids. Typical effects are shifts of the freezing transition with respect to the cor...
2,877,628,088,608
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \subsection{Motivations} The Coordinated Attack Problem (also known in the literature as the two generals or the two armies problem) is a long time problem in the area of distributed computing. It is a fictitious situation where two armies have to agree to attack or not on a common enemy tha...
2,877,628,088,609
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{s:intro} The first step of planet formation is the growth of \micron-sized dust particles into km-sized planetesimals. Planetesimals are believed to form through the collisional growth of dust particles into larger aggregates \citep[e.g.,][]{Okuzumi2012Rapid-Coagulati,Windmark2012Planetes...
2,877,628,088,610
arxiv
\section{Introduction} W{ith} the development of remote sensing and hyperspectral sensors, hyperspectral imaging has been widely adopted in many fields. However, due to the low spatial resolution of hyperspectral sensors and the complexity of material mixing process, an observed pixel may contain several different mate...
2,877,628,088,611
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The orbit of the Gaia mission has been chosen to be a controlled Lissajous orbit (amplitudes of 360,000 and 100,000 km along and perpendicular to the ecliptic) around the Lagrangian point L2 of the Sun-Earth system (about 1.5 million km in anti-sun direction) in order to have a quiet environment ...
2,877,628,088,612
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Assume that $\{y_t\dvtx t=0,\pm1,\pm2,\ldots\}$ is generated by the ARMA--GARCH model \begin{eqnarray} \label{11} y_t&=&\mu+\sum_{i=1}^p\phi_iy_{t-i}+\sum_{i=1}^q\psi_i\e_{t-i}+\e_t, \\ \label{12} \e_t&=&\eta_t\sqrt{h_t} \quad\mbox{and}\quad h_t=\alpha_0+\sum_{i=1}^r\alpha_i\e_{t-i}^2+...
2,877,628,088,613
arxiv
\section*{Acknowledgements} The ALICE collaboration would like to thank all its engineers and technicians for their invaluable contributions to the construction of the experiment and the CERN accelerator teams for the outstanding performance of the LHC complex. The ALICE collaboration acknowledges the following fu...
2,877,628,088,614
arxiv
\section{Introduction} A consideration of both relativistic and many-body theories is necessary to sufficiently describe heavy atomic and molecular systems~\cite{DasRev, HandbookRQC}. Although there are many theoretical approaches to the evaluation of heavy atomic and molecular wave functions, the relativistic coupled-...
2,877,628,088,615
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Visual data exploration plays a central role in the scientific discovery process; it is invaluable for the understanding and interpretation of data and results. From analysis to physical interpretation, most research tasks rely on or even require some kind of visual representation of data and co...
2,877,628,088,616
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \setcounter{equation}{0} The celebrated KAM theory is established by Kolmogorov \cite{Ko}, Arnold \cite{Ar} and Moser \cite{Mo}. It mainly concerns the stability of motions or orbits in dynamical systems under small perturbations and indeed has a long history of over sixty years. So far, as wel...
2,877,628,088,617
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Spatial birth and death processes in which the birth and death rates depend on the configuration of the system were first studied by Preston (1975). His approach was to consider the solution of the backward Kolmogorov equation, and he worked under the restriction that there were only a fi...
2,877,628,088,618
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The goal of this brief communication is to illuminate the group theoretic origin of a certain quadratic $r$-matrix structure on the associative algebra $\cG:= \gl(n,\R)$. This Poisson structure is associated with the QU factorization and it appeared in the theory of integrable systems \ci...
2,877,628,088,619
arxiv
\section{Introduction} In this paper we continue the investigation of the infrared structure of quantum electrodynamics based on an algebraic model proposed earlier by one of us (see Ref.\ \cite{her98} and papers cited therein; see also \cite{her05}). This model is supposed to describe asymptotic fields in the q...
2,877,628,088,620
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sect:intro} The field of \textit{warm dense matter} (WDM) rests in the transitional regime between traditional condensed phase systems and strongly-correlated, fully-ionized plasmas. As such, it draws from the complexity of both fields while showing its own special fundamental and, as we ...
2,877,628,088,621
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \end{onehalfspace} \begin{onehalfspace} \vspace{7 mm}Dielectric elastomers (DEs) are materials that deform under electrostatic excitation. Due to their light weight, flexibility and availability these materials can be used in a wide variety of applications such as artificial muscles \cite...
2,877,628,088,622
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Simulating the dynamics of quantum systems is a major potential application of quantum computers, and is the original motivation for quantum computation~\cite{Feynman1982}. Moreover, the existence of efficient classical algorithms for this problem is unlikely as it is \textsc{BQP}-complete~\cite{...
2,877,628,088,623
arxiv
\section{Conclusion} \label{sec:con} In this paper, we proposed a novel junction detector ASJ which exploits the anisotropy of junctions via estimating the endpoints (length) of branches for isotropic scale junctions for indoor images which are dominanted by junctions in a more global manner. We then devised an affine ...
2,877,628,088,624
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Direct collapse black holes (DCBH) have gathered much attention recently \citep{Dijkstra2014a,Ferrara14a,Agarwal12,Agarwal14,Habouzit16a} as a plausible solution to the problem of forming billion solar mass black holes very early in cosmic history as is required to explain the existence of very...
2,877,628,088,625
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{intro} The research of dust growth in the disc of young stellar objects is motivated from the observations of dust in the interstellar medium (ISM): \cite{kemper2004} showed that the crystalline fraction of the ISM dust is smaller than 2\%, and the size of the amorphous silicates is small...
2,877,628,088,626
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:intro} The EPOXI Mission of Opportunity is a re-purposing of the Deep Impact flyby spacecraft, and comprises the Extrasolar Planet Observation and Characterization (EPOCh) investigation and the Deep Impact eXtended Investigation (DIXI). The primary goal of EPOCh was to scrutinize a sm...
2,877,628,088,627
arxiv
\section{Introduction}% \vspace{0.3cm} \par The problem of finding the number of solutions over a finite field of a polynomial equation has been of interest to mathematicians for many years. A typical result in this direction is the \emph{Hasse-Weil bound}, which states that a smooth projective curve of genus $g$ de...
2,877,628,088,628
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The anomalous magnetic moment of the muon $a_\mu = (g - 2)_\mu / 2$ is one of the most precisely measured physical quantities. Its current value from the Brookhaven National Laboratory E821 experiment is \cite{BNLg-2, BNLg-2_develop} \begin{equation} a_\mu(\mbox{exp}) = (11~659~208 \pm 6) \times ...
2,877,628,088,629
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:intro} In this paper we study the distributed optimization problem, in which each agent in a network of $n$ agents calculates a decision vector that minimizes a global additive objective function of the form $f(\cdot)=\sum_i f_i(\cdot)$, where $f_i$ denotes the local convex objective...
2,877,628,088,630
arxiv
\section{1.\ Introduction} \smallskip\noindent In the last few years the explicit construction of $\cal W$-algebras $\q{1}$ has also reached the fast developing field of $N=2$ supersymmetric conformal field theories (SCFTs) \q{2-7}. {}From a two dimensional quantum-gravity point of view $N=2$ SCFTs are very important s...
2,877,628,088,631
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Environments with (locally) planar-layered profiles are encountered in diverse applications such as geophysical exploration, ground penetrating radar, conformal antenna design, and so on~\cite{sainath,sainath3,lambot1}. To facilitate electromagnetic (EM) radiation analysis in such environments,...
2,877,628,088,632
arxiv
\section{Introduction} One of the most useful derivatives of a ground-state density functional theory (DFT) calculation is the Kohn-Sham (KS) eigenvalues\cite{Kohn1965}, which lead to a \emph{non-interacting} spectrum. Even though the KS equations represent an auxiliary non-interacting system whose states and eigenva...
2,877,628,088,633
arxiv
\section{Introduction} It is well known that a $N$-dimensional real symmetric [complex hermitian] matrix $V$ is congruent to a diagonal matrix modulo an orthogonal [unitary] matrix\cite{[1]}. That is, $V=S^\dagger D S$ where $ D$ is diagonal and $S\in SO(N)$ [$S\in SU(N)$]. If, in addition, $V$ is also positive definit...
2,877,628,088,634
arxiv
\section{Introduction} In \cite{luddea}, a method for "lifting" representations from the Artin braid group on $n+1$ strands $B_{n+1}$ to the Artin braid group on $n$ strands $B_n$ is given by Lüdde and Toppan. Based on this method, we construct a variant of the Burau representation of the virtual braid group on $n$...
2,877,628,088,635
arxiv
\section{Proofs} \subsection{Lemma \ref{thm:gradient-flow}} \label{subsec:proof_gradient-flow} \begin{proof} Gradient flows in the Wasserstein space are of the form of the continuity equation (see \citet{ambrosio2008gradient}, page 281), i.e, \begin{align} \partial_t\rho_t + \nabla\cdot(\rho_t {\mathbf{v}}) = 0. ...
2,877,628,088,636
arxiv
\section{Appendix A: Global and local scale transformations on the lattice} MERA is a tensor network representation of many-body wave-functions that, upon optimization, approximates ground states of local Hamiltonians. Fig.~\ref{fig:global} shows MERA networks for one-dimensional systems. The open indices of the netw...
2,877,628,088,637
arxiv
\section{Equations of motion and boundary conditions} Here we present a more detailed description of the derivation of the amplitude equations describing two-photon scattering off a single atom. The Hamiltonian for a single emitter is given by \begin{equation} \begin{split} \hat{h} = \int {\rm d}x (-i)\hat{c}^{\dagge...
2,877,628,088,638
arxiv
2,877,628,088,639
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Einstein manifolds are related with many questions in geometry and physics, for instance: Riemannian functionals and their critical points, Yang-Mills theory, self-dual manifolds of dimension four, exact solutions for the Einstein equation field. Today we already have in our hands many examples...
2,877,628,088,640
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Differential equations and their solutions in the complex plane have been studied extensively since the 19th century. A main motivation then was that new transcendental functions could be defined and studied as the solutions of certain differential equations. For example, Airy's equation, Bessel'...
2,877,628,088,641
arxiv
\section{Introduction} One of the most appealing and natural mechanisms for generating the tiny neutrino masses experimentally allowed is the (type I) see-saw mechanism \cite{ss}. This simple extension of the Standard Model (SM) with two or three right-handed Majorana neutrinos provides also a very attractive origin...
2,877,628,088,642
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The motion of particles in curved backgrounds is essential for the understanding of various gravitational phenomena. Among these we may distinguish the study of black hole shadows \cite{Synge,Maeda,Mann,Haitang} or aspects of the gravitational memory effect \cite{Gib1,Gib2,Shore,Chakra}, both of...
2,877,628,088,643
arxiv
\section{Introduction and Main Results} \noindent Throughout this article, we assume the readers are familiar with the fundamental results and standard notations of the Nevanlinna distribution theory of meromorphic functions such as $m(r,f),$ $N(r,f),$ M(r,f),$ $T(r,f),$ which can be found in $\left[ 13,14,25\rig...
2,877,628,088,644
arxiv
\section{Introduction}\label{sec:intro} The flux density is one of the main observables of pulsars. The analysis of pulsars spectra provide information on both the radiation mechanism and the influence of the interstellar medium. The spectra of the majority of pulsars in frequency range between 100~MHz and 10~GHz are ...
2,877,628,088,645
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Let $f:X\to Y$ be a semistable family of $n$-dimensional projective manifolds over a projective $m$-fold $Y$. Let $\sL$ be a line bundle on $X$. The volume of $\sL$ is defined as $$ v(\sL)=\limsup \frac{\dim(X)! \cdot \dim(H^0(X,\sL^\nu))}{\nu^{\dim(X)}}. $$ If $\sL$ is nef, then \cite[L...
2,877,628,088,646
arxiv
\section{Introduction}\label{intro} An inspection of planetary and satellite orbital data in the solar system\footnote{{\tt https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov}, {\tt https://solarsystem.nasa.gov}\label{ft1}} reveals that major objects seem to cluster at intermediate areas of the radial distributions of orbiting bodies, and only...
2,877,628,088,647
arxiv
\section{Introduction} A crucial prerequisite for the use of clusters of galaxies for cosmological studies is the knowledge of the scaling relations between cluster mass and an observable proxy, such as X-ray luminosity, or X-ray gas temperature. These relations must be calibrated at varying redshifts, usin...
2,877,628,088,648
arxiv
\section{Our System and Model (Gated BERT-UNet)} \input{source/fig/model} The proposed oxygen estimation solution operates in two steps: (1) Extracting breathing signals from RF signals and (2) Estimating SpO2 from breathing signals. Please refer to Appendix \ref{sup:br-from-rf} for the details of step one. We foc...
2,877,628,088,649
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The use of digital images has become increasingly ubiquitous in all types of publications. What comes with the growing importance of digital images is the development of image tampering techniques. In the past, modifying or concealing the content of an image would require dedicated personnel an...
2,877,628,088,650
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:intro} Microlensing event observation is a useful method for exoplanet research. Some wide-orbit bound planets and candidate free-floating planets (FFPs) have been found in recent decades (\citealt{Beaulieu2006, Gould2006, Muraki2011, Sumi2011, Sumi2013, Mroz2018}). A single observati...
2,877,628,088,651
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Hundreds of exoplanets have been discovered around a variety of stars, from small M dwarfs out to large G giant stars, to tight orbits around pulsars. The conclusion is clear that planet formation is a robust process in our galaxy. A corollary to this conclusion is the idea that observable evid...
2,877,628,088,652
arxiv
\section*{Abstract} Data collected in criminal investigations may suffer from: \begin{enumerate*}[label=(\roman*)] \item incompleteness, due to the covert nature of criminal organisations; \item incorrectness, caused by either unintentional data collection errors and intentional deception by criminals; \item inconsiste...
2,877,628,088,653
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \ \ The key object of the up-to-date circuit QED is the system comprised of a qubit coupled to the quantum transmission-line resonator \cite{Koch07}. Such systems are useful for both studying fundamental quantum phenomena and for quantum information protocols including control, readout, and...