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1,941,325,217,988
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \setcounter{lemma}{0} \setcounter{theorem}{0} \setcounter{equation}{0} The weak Goldbach conjecture asserts that every odd integer greater than $5$ can be represented as the sum of three primes. The well-known Vinogradov three primes theorem says that the weak Goldbach conjecture is true for eve...
1,941,325,217,989
arxiv
\chapter*{Supplementary material}\label{sec:supplementary} \begin{refsection} \vspace{-1 cm} \section*{S1 Methods}\label{s:methods} \subsection*{Upstream determination} Surface runoff is the excess water from precipitation, i.e. rain and snow, or meltwater from snow or glaciers that does not enter the soil (infiltr...
1,941,325,217,990
arxiv
1,941,325,217,991
arxiv
\section*{Introduction} In this work, we further the study of time evolution for certain Borel measures whose underlying dynamic is provided by a \textit{Hamiltonian} structure. In particular, for a given measure $\mu_{t}$ on $D:= 2d$--dimensional \textit{phase space} for a fluid or particle system in $d$--dimension...
1,941,325,217,992
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Throughout this paper, all graphs considered are simple. We refer the reader to \cite{bb} and \cite{lm} for standard graph theoretic terms not defined in the paper. Let $G=(V,E)$ be a graph with vertex set $V(G)$ and edge set $E(G)$. We call a graph with only one vertex {\it trivial} and all oth...
1,941,325,217,993
arxiv
\section{Introduction, summary and discussion} The $AdS$/CFT correspondence, or holographic gauge/gravity duality, has offered a new way of looking at quantum large-$N$ gauge theories in the strongly-coupled regime, providing a reformulation in terms of degrees of freedom propagating in a higher-dimensional, curved s...
1,941,325,217,994
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{intro} Consider an infinite dimensional Banach space $X$. Denote by $\mathcal{L} (X)$ the Banach algebra of all bounded linear operators on $X$, and by $\mathcal{K}(X)$ the ideal of the compact operators in $\mathcal{L}(X)$. Given $A \in \mathcal{L}(X)$, a fundamental problem of (linear) ...
1,941,325,217,995
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The question whether there is a boundary to spacetime is of fundamental interest for a more complete understanding of the structure of spacetime and spacetime singularities. It has been argued \cite{poissonandisrael} that the inner horizon of black holes (BHs) may be such a boundary. The inn...
1,941,325,217,996
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Positive topological entropy for random substitutions was already identified in the pioneering work of Godr\`{e}che and Luck \cite{godreche-luck} in 1989, where they introduced and focused on a single example, the random Fibonacci substitution. This was later shown to hold in general for random ...
1,941,325,217,997
arxiv
\section{Introduction In the present paper we elaborate on the connections between fusion systems, chamber systems and parabolic systems. A fusion system ${\mathcal F}$ is a category whose objects are the subgroups of a finite $p$-group $S$; the morphisms are monomorphisms between these subgroups, such that all monom...
1,941,325,217,998
arxiv
\section{Introduction} In recent years cloud technologies have become used more extensively in research. The combination of cost-efficient storage and on-demand compute capability have lowered barriers for many who are either not technically savvy or who lack financial resource to create and maintain large scale real-...
1,941,325,217,999
arxiv
\section{Introduction} We consider a compact $n-$dimensional $C^{\infty}-$manifold $(M,g)$ without boundary. Writing $\Delta_g$ for the Laplace-Beltrami operator, we are interested in structural properties of Laplacian eigenfunctions $$ -\Delta_g u = \lambda u.$$ A natural object of study is the measure of the nodal s...
1,941,325,218,000
arxiv
\section{Introduction}This is a following up note of \cite{SW}. In 1982, R.Hamilton introduced the Ricci flow in \cite{Hamilton}. In the K\"ahler setting, the K\"ahler condition is preserved under the flow. H-D. Cao(\cite{Cao}) first studied the K\"ahler-Ricci flow. Using Yau's estimates for complex Monge-Amp\`ere ...
1,941,325,218,001
arxiv
\section{\textit{Introduction}} $~~~~~~~$Recently, there has been a noticeable interest from researchers to study nonstationary queueing systems because they represent the actual reality of many applications in our life. Nevertheless, we find few works around these systems, as studying these systems needs new, unrecogn...
1,941,325,218,002
arxiv
\section{Introduction and motivation} \subsection{Motivation} Autoregression in the sense of ARIMA time series models cannot be directly applied to integer values for obvious reasons. Thus, most integer-valued autoregressive (INAR)\ time series models are based upon thinning operators such as \cite{Steutel} (see al...
1,941,325,218,003
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Ergodicity of quantum many body system is a complex phenomena which has attracted significant interest in the recent years due to the advancement in cold atom experiments to study the non-equilibrium dynamics of many interacting particles \cite{Polkovnikov}. Quantum ergodicity is one of the key i...
1,941,325,218,004
arxiv
\section*{Introduction} We propose a model for the description of the disjunction of concepts by using the mathematical structure of quantum field theory. The model predicts with very great accuracy the results of an experiment published in Hampton (1988b). The disjunction of concepts was studied by Hampton as part of ...
1,941,325,218,005
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The consistency relations for adiabatic modes~\cite{Maldacena:2002vr,Creminelli:2004yq,Cheung:2007sv,Creminelli:2012ed,Hinterbichler:2012nm,Senatore:2012wy,Hinterbichler:2013dpa,Goldberger:2013rsa,Berezhiani:2013ewa,Pimentel:2013gza} serve as a powerful discriminating principle among various cla...
1,941,325,218,006
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The search for manifestations of New Physics (NP) is part of the program of future high energy colliders \cite{coll, phys}. As discussed in previous papers \cite{DeR, blind, GRVZbb}, if no new particles are produced in the future colliders, these NP manifestations may appear only as anomalous int...
1,941,325,218,007
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Rarita-Schwinger fields are solutions of the Rarita-Schwinger equation. This equation is the relativistic field equation of spin-3/2 fermions, introduced by W. Rarita and J. Schwinger \cite{RaritaSchwinger}. We can consider Rarita-Schwinger fields as sections in the kernel of the Rarita-Schwin...
1,941,325,218,008
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Quantum key distribution (QKD) \cite{BB84} is a technique for distributing information-theoretically secure secret keys between two parties connected by a quantum channel. Beginning from the Bennett-Brassard 1984 (BB84) \cite{BB84}, and the Ekert 1991 protocols \cite{E91}, there is now a variety...
1,941,325,218,009
arxiv
\section{Introduction \label{Intro}} \subsection{Motivation - a brief (and selective) history of unification} Just under a century after Newton published his inverse square law of gravitation in 1687, Coulomb published his inverse square law of electrostatics. Over the following period of nearly 80 years, physicists ...
1,941,325,218,010
arxiv
\section{INTRODUCTION} \label{sec:intro} Understanding the formation and evolution of galaxies is a lively debated topic in astrophysics, because the advent of more powerful telescopes stimulated more detailed theories and numerical simulations to interpret new observations. The main issue concerns the role of the comp...
1,941,325,218,011
arxiv
\section*{Acknowledgement} This research is based upon work supported by U.S. DARPA SemaFor Program No. HR001120C0123. The views and conclusions contained herein are those of the authors and should not be interpreted as necessarily representing the official policies, either expressed or implied, of DARPA, or the U.S. G...
1,941,325,218,012
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Opinion dynamics is a sub-field of agent-based modelling focused on people’s opinions \citep{Flache, Castellano_2009}. Models from this field, are good candidates for better understanding pressing social problems, such as vaccine hesitancy. However, current opinion dynamics models are rarely use...
1,941,325,218,013
arxiv
\section{Background} \label{sec:backgrounds} In this section, we introduce the preliminaries of transfer attacks, including the components that may affect the transferability. \subsection{Transfer Attack} Transfer attack involves \textit{adversarial attack} and \textit{transferability}. Specifically, a classifier ...
1,941,325,218,014
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{intro} On the basis of theoretical and observational considerations \citep* [e.g.,][] {spitzer56, mcgaugh00, pagel08} and numerical simulations \citep{klypin01} a massive halo of gas is expected around every luminous late-type galaxy, otherwise these systems would be baryon defici...
1,941,325,218,015
arxiv
\section{Introduction} One of the great mysteries in the quark model was why there is no ninth Goldstone boson whose mass is somewhere between that of the pion and the kaon. Roughly stated, the problem is that in the limit of massless quarks, the quark model has a $U(3)$ chiral symmetry. This chiral symmetry, when b...
1,941,325,218,016
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \subsection{Motivation} \label{motivation} Estimating statistical relationships between variables is fundamental to any knowledge discovery process and has become an important topic in the database community \cite{chen1996data, zhu2002statstream, hall2003benchmarking}. Knowing the relationship b...
1,941,325,218,017
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:intro} Molecular communication is a paradigm that aims to develop communication systems at the nanoscale \cite{AkyildizComNet}. In order to ensure efficiency and biocompatibility, the objective of this new communication paradigm is to develop communication systems by utilizing compon...
1,941,325,218,018
arxiv
\subsection[#1]{\centering #1}} \makeatletter \newcommand{\csub[1]}{\centering\subsection{\text{#1} \nopunct} \hfill \justify} \makeatother \newcommand{\begin{aligned}}{\begin{aligned}} \newcommand{\end{aligned}}{\end{aligned}} \newcommand{\begin{equation}}{\begin{equation}} \newcomm...
1,941,325,218,019
arxiv
\section{Introduction}\label{sec:introduction} The sum-rank metric is a generalization of both the Hamming and the rank metric and was first considered in~\cite[Sec.~III]{lu2005unified} for designing space-time codes. Later, N{\'o}brega and Uch{\^o}a-Filho showed that the sum-rank metric is suitable for error contr...
1,941,325,218,020
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Action prediction is a highly practical research topic that could be used in many real-world applications such as video surveillance, autonomous navigation, human-computer interaction, etc. Different from action recognition, which recognizes the human action category upon a complete video, action...
1,941,325,218,021
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Under the influence of gravity, the initially-small fluctuations in the primordial density field grow to become the hierarchical and nonlinear structures observed today. We can study the late-time clustering of matter by evolving a density field described by an initial power spectrum and compari...
1,941,325,218,022
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The Brauer group of a variety $X$, which in this paper we take to mean the cohomology group $\Br X = \H^2(X,{\mathbb{G}_\mathrm{m}})$, was extensively studied by Grothendieck~\cite{Grothendieck:GB}. Brauer groups of singular varieties are not particularly well behaved: in particular, the Brauer...
1,941,325,218,023
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Since the discovery of the streaks in the near-wall region of the turbulent boundary layers by \citet{Kline1967}, the coherent structures, as well as the energy-containing motions (eddies) in wall-bounded turbulence have been extensively investigated over the past decades. Now, it is understood ...
1,941,325,218,024
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The relation between thermodynamics and gravitational physics was first described for the case of black holes. It was found that the Einstein equations imply a set of laws of black hole dynamics analogous to those of thermodynamics~\cite{Bardeen:1973} and that black holes posses entropy proport...
1,941,325,218,025
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Quantum sensing concerns acquiring an ultra-high-precision estimation or measurement of a quantity of interest by making use of certain quantum resources~\cite{RevModPhys.89.035002}, which have no classical counterparts. The most common resources employed in quantum sensing are entanglement~\cit...
1,941,325,218,026
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \subsection{Overview of the results} Let $X$ be a scheme over a field $k.$ Grothendieck defined the algebraic de Rham cohomology of $X$ to be the hypercohomology of the algebraic de Rham complex $\Omega_X^*$ \cite{Gro66}. When $k$ is a field of characteristic zero, de Rham cohomology forms a Weil...
1,941,325,218,027
arxiv
\section{The measurement circuit}\label{eqnsol} Consider a preparation device which can produce a quantum system in either the state $\ket{\psi_0}$, or the state $\ket{\psi_1}$. Suppose that $n$ copies of this device are used independently. Then there are $2^n$ possible joint states of the $n$ systems, depending on wh...
1,941,325,218,028
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Nature of dark matter in the universe is still unknown, and its exploration is a primary subject of astro-particle physics. Weakly Interacting Massive Particles (WIMPs) are one of the well-motivated dark matter candidates. The WIMP particles are thermally produced in the early universe by suffi...
1,941,325,218,029
arxiv
\section*{Abstract} \else \small \begin{center} {\bf Abstract\vspace{-.5em}\vspace{3pt}} \end{center} \quotation \fi} \def\if@twocolumn\else\endquotation\fi{\if@twocolumn\else\endquotation\fi} \def\qed{{\qquad \vbox{\hrule\hbox{% \vrule height1.3ex\hskip0.8ex\vrule}\hrule }}\par} \def\newproof#1{\@nprf{#1}} \...
1,941,325,218,030
arxiv
\section{Aristotle I A E O sentences:\\ the standard interpretation and its inadequacies} When studying syllogisms and in his square of opposition, Aristotle considered 4 kinds of quantified sentences (see e.g. \cite{AristotleIEP}): \begin{tabular}{lll} A& Every S is P& Universal Affirmative \\ I &Some S is P & P...
1,941,325,218,031
arxiv
\section{Introduction} A large number of cosmological observational data requires the existence of two exotic components in the matter content of the universe, dark matter and dark energy \cite{kamion}. Both constitute the so-called dark sector of the cosmic budget. Dark matter is necessary, for example, to explain th...
1,941,325,218,032
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{intro} \citet{Harvie2000} represents a milestone in the empirical literature on the Goodwin model. Early attempts by \citet{Atkinson1969} and \citet{Solow1990} to bring the model to data were restricted to the United States and did not provide formal econometric estimates, but rather in...
1,941,325,218,033
arxiv
\section{Conclusion} \label{sec:conclusion} In this paper, we have studied the impact of indirect local image perturbations on the performance of modern semantic segmentation networks. We have observed that the state-of-the-art segmentation networks, such as PSANet and PSPNet, are more vulnera...
1,941,325,218,034
arxiv
\section{Introduction} In \emph{graph searching}, we consider simplified, combinatorial models for the detection or neutralization of an adversary's activity on a network. Such models often focus on vertex-pursuit games, where agents or cops are attempting to capture an adversary or robber loose on the vertices of a...
1,941,325,218,035
arxiv
\section{Introduction} In this paper, we develop a model that simulates trading activity in the Limit Order Book (LOB), the most common form of market mechanism, utilised in major stock exchanges to match the buying and selling interest in stocks \citet{jain2003institutional}. The LOB is a complicated, multivariate, ev...
1,941,325,218,036
arxiv
\section{Introduction} There is a wide range of environmental processes and industrial applications that involve suspensions of particles settling under gravity. Among these we recall the pollutant transport in underground water, soot particle dispersion, fluidized beds and the settling of micro-organisms such as pl...
1,941,325,218,037
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The original framework for holographic superconductors was presented in 2008 \cite{Hartnoll:2008vx,Hartnoll:2008kx} based on the previous work of Gubser \cite{Gubser:2008px}. These papers detailed how, via the AdS/CFT correspondence \cite{Maldacena:1997re,Witten:1998qj,Gubser:1998bc}, a supercon...
1,941,325,218,038
arxiv
1,941,325,218,039
arxiv
\section{Conclusion} \label{sec:conclusion} In this paper, we presented a computationally efficient and statistically consistent method, based on $\ell_1$-regularized logistic regression, for learning linear influence games --- a subclass of parametric graphical games with linear payoffs. Under some mild conditions ...
1,941,325,218,040
arxiv
\section*{Introduction} Let $X$ be a smooth complex projective variety. For divisors on $X$, it is well-known that algebraic and homological equivalence coincide. Until the work of Griffiths however, it was not clear whether the same would hold for cycles of higher codimension. Griffiths found the first examples of al...
1,941,325,218,041
arxiv
\section{Introduction} When considering the design of any robot manipulator, the first and foremost design consideration is the number of degrees of freedom (DOF) the robot will have. To determine the DOF, typically the tasks for the robot are considered, determining the requirements of the design \cite{al-dois-task}....
1,941,325,218,042
arxiv
\section{Introduction} We begin by recalling a few definitions from Geometric Invariant Theory; for more details, see \cite{B-S}. Let $G$ be a connected affine algebraic group over an algebraically closed field $k$ of characteristic zero. An affine $G$-variety $X$ is an affine variety together with an algebraic action...
1,941,325,218,043
arxiv
\section*{Checklist} \section{Separable Reweighted Adversarial Training (SRAT)}\label{sec:methodology} The observations from both preliminary studies and theoretical understandings indicate that more separable data will advance the reweighting strategy in adversarial training under imbalanced scenarios. Thus...
1,941,325,218,044
arxiv
\section{Deduction of Equation \ref{eqn:llse1}} \label{appendix:proof.eqn.llse1} Assume that the LLSE estimate $\hat{X}(Y) = A Y + b$, where $A$ and $b$ are parameters. LLSE minimizes the square errors between the estimated data $\hat{X}(Y)$ and the original data $X$, i.e., $$ \begin{array}{lcl} J & = & {1\over2} E\{Tr...
1,941,325,218,045
arxiv
\section{Introduction}Given $QED$ in $D = 2+1$, can one find a dual theory such that the antiparticles of $QED$ are realized as particles in the dual gauge theory? In this paper we present a construction of such a duality while working within a Hamiltonian framework in the continuum. Our search for a particle-hole symm...
1,941,325,218,046
arxiv
\subsection{Proof of \cref{lem:aux}} \label{app:proof-aux} \begin{proof} \textit{a)} Since $\vw[\obj]$ is $\lips$-smooth, it holds for all $\point, \alt{\point}\in\vecspace$ that \begin{small} \begin{equation} \notag \norm{\grad\vw[\obj](\point)-\grad\vw[\obj](\alt{\point})}^2 \le2\lips(\vw[\obj](\point)-...
1,941,325,218,047
arxiv
\section{Introduction} An international collaboration is proposing\cite{pbar-LoI} to revive the experimental program at the Fermilab Antiproton Accumulator. We summarize the goals of this effort in the context of other efforts world-wide. \subsection{Antiproton sources} The world's highest-energy and highest-intensit...
1,941,325,218,048
arxiv
\section*{Introduction\label{sec:intro}} Magnetic skyrmions are spatially localized spin textures with a well-defined topology \citep{Nagaosa.2013,Soumyanarayanan.2016j7e}. Their nanoscale size and ambient stability in metallic thin films \citep{Soumyanarayanan.2017,Boulle.2016,Moreau-Luchaire.2016,Je.2020}, as well ...
1,941,325,218,049
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:intro} The flat/inverted radio spectrum seen in the hard state of black hole X-ray binaries \citep[XRBs, e.g.,][]{Hynes00, Fender01, Fender06}, is naturally accounted for by self-absorbed synchrotron emission from jets \citep{BK79, HJ88, FB99}, analogous to the compact radio cores of ...
1,941,325,218,050
arxiv
\section{\label{sec:level1}First-level heading} In the last few years, a number of molecular systems that show room-temperature polariton condensation have emerged \cite{Kena-Cohen2010,Daskalakis2014,Plumhof2014}. Polaritons are hybrid exciton-photon quasiparticles that form in optical microcavities when dissipation i...
1,941,325,218,051
arxiv
\section*{Acknowledgements} We want to thank Nadia Heninger and Josh Fried for augmenting their database with our moduli and attempting to find factors in them. We also want to thank Ralf-Philipp Weinmann, Ivan Pustogarov, Alex Biryukov from the Trawling research team and Donncha O'Cearbhaill from The Tor Project for ...
1,941,325,218,052
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Authors publish because they want to transfer information. An essential ingredient for this transfer is being able to find this information. Of course, it is also in the interest of a publisher or somebody running a search engine service to have efficient and intelligent tools for information dis...
1,941,325,218,053
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The terms artificial intelligence (AI) are used to illustrate a diversity of technologies referring to the creation of intelligent software or hardware able to learn and solve problems. According to \citet{Thormundsson} from Statista Research Department, the global AI software market is predictab...
1,941,325,218,054
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{section:intro} Recently there has been a upsurge in interest in the theory of orthogonal polynomials on the unit circle (OPUC). To a large extent this can be attributed to the two volumes by Barry Simon devoted to the theory of these polynomials. If $\mu$ is a positive probability measur...
1,941,325,218,055
arxiv
\section{Appendix} In this appendix we discuss the change in the superfluid density as a result of a vortex lattice, and its effect on the validity of approximation (\ref{Eq:gaussden}) and the resulting expression for the interspecies vortex attraction, Eq. (\ref{Eq:E12}) and (\ref{Eq:interspecies}). First consider a...
1,941,325,218,056
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The process of radiative Bhabha scattering, \begin{equation} e^-(p_1)\;e^+(q_1)\;\;\to\;\;e^-(p_2)\;e^+(q_2)\;\gamma(k)\;\;, \label{theprocess} \end{equation} where we have indicated the various momenta, is expected to play an important r\^{o}le in several physical problems. In the first place, ...
1,941,325,218,057
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \IEEEPARstart{A}{rtificial} Intelligence (AI) and more specifically deep learning research have been moving in the direction of emulating the human brain both functionally as well as structurally. A human brain is capable of learning, understanding, discriminating, imagining, inferring, memorizin...
1,941,325,218,058
arxiv
\section{What Every Physicist Should Know about Noncommutative Spacetime} Since Newton the concept of space and time has gone through various changes. In retrospect, the upheaval of new physics has accompanied the novel concept of space and time. And history is a mirror to the future. The concept of emergent gr...
1,941,325,218,059
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Let $G$ be a graph with $n$ edges. The \emph{period} of $G$ is a residue of the Feynman integral of $G$ viewed as a Feynman diagram in massless scalar field theory. This paper takes its physical motivation from graphs in $\phi^4$ theory, a field theory in which vertices have degree at most four....
1,941,325,218,060
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Polymeric materials play an important role in materials science and engineering. Along with traditional polymeric materials such as rubbers and plastics, thin films of polymers, often grafted to surfaces to form ``polymer brushes," have become prominent in many technological applications such as...
1,941,325,218,061
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Video content occupied more than 70\% Internet traffic, and it became a big challenge for transmission and storage along its explosive growth. Researchers, engineers, etc, continuously pursue the (next-generation) high-efficiency video compression for wider application enabling and larger market ...
1,941,325,218,062
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The most mysterious aspect of the Standard Model may be the pattern of fermion masses and mixing. These are characterized by many parameters, whose patterns are difficult to discern. Two major classes of theoretical approaches to the question of fermion masses may be distinguished: Grand Unif...
1,941,325,218,063
arxiv
\section{Derivation for Lemmas} \label{lemma} \begin{proof}[of Lemma~\ref{theorem1}] Suppose $e(\tilde{w},\mathbf{C}_j)$ is a well-defined random variable. Note that $e(\tilde{w},\mathbf{C}_j)$ is measurable with respect to the $\sigma$-algebra generated by $\mathbf{C}_j$, and this implies $f_{W_j} \{\tilde{w}\mid \mat...
1,941,325,218,064
arxiv
\section{Introduction } Let $G=(V,E)$ be a simple connected graph. We use the standard graph notation. In particular, ${\rm Aut}(G)$ denotes the automorphism group of $G$. For simple connected graph $G$, and $v \in V$, the \textit{neighborhood} of a vertex $v$ is the set $N_G(v) = \{u \in V(G) : uv \in E(G)\}...
1,941,325,218,065
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Topological insulators (TIs) have been an intense focus of research and witnessed impressive experimental breakthroughs in the past years \citep{KaneMele_QSHE_PRL05, Hasan_TI_RMP10, Qi_TI_RMP_10, Qi_TFT_PRB08}. Several materials were predicted to exhibit TI behavior \cite{Zhang_TI_BandStr_NP09},...
1,941,325,218,066
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{intro} In order to extend solvable potentials in one-dimensional quantum mechanics \cite{infhul,susyqm,nieto}, two methods are well-known; the Darboux transformation \cite{darb,crum} and the Abraham-Moses transformation \cite{A-M}. The latter, about 30 years old, does not seem to have bee...
1,941,325,218,067
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:introduction} In order to understand the underlying distribution of parameters of Galactic pulsars, it is general to perform Monte Carlo (MC) simulations of pulsar populations to generate artificial pulsars that satisfy the criteria of detection of exsisting surveys, and then...
1,941,325,218,068
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:introduction} The calculation of magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) equilibria is an indispensable element of basic plasma physics, as well as the application to magnetic fusion research. Many methods for equilibrium calculations have been developed for two-dimensional and three-dimensio...
1,941,325,218,069
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The investigation of nucleon-nucleus and nucleus-nucleus collision mechanisms at low and intermediate energies is a source of understanding the interplay between macroscopic and microscopic aspects of interaction in hot, high-spin nuclear matter. In this sense, fission mechanism of heavy nucl...
1,941,325,218,070
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Consider a random vector (rv) $\bm{U}=(U_1,\dots,U_d)^{\mathpalette\raiseT\intercal}$ whose distribution function (df) is a copula $C$, i.e., each $U_i$ follows the uniform distribution on $(0,1)$. The copula $C$ is said to be in the max-domain of attraction of an extreme value df (EVD) $G$ on ...
1,941,325,218,071
arxiv
\section*{Acknowledgement} The author is grateful to Ron Aharoni for many helpful discussions.
1,941,325,218,072
arxiv
\subsection{Please Capitalize the First Letter of Each Notional Word in Subsection Title} \section{Introduction} \label{sect:intro} The diagnostics of high relativistic electrons and emission source regions in solar flares are essential based on their emission spectra at various wavelength ranges (Gary 19...
1,941,325,218,073
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The celebrated Mountain Pass Theorem of Ambrosetti and Rabinowitz \cite{Ambrosetti1973} is a very useful tool in nonlinear analysis with many important applications. For more details, we refer the reader to the comprehensive monographs \cite{Ambrosetti2007, Jabri2003, Nirenberg1981, Rabinowitz19...
1,941,325,218,074
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The Internet of Things (IoT) has the potential to change the world, just as the Internet did~\cite{ashton2009internet}. This term is referred to the set of objects, sensors, and everyday items that are equipped with computing capability and network connectivity to send/receive data through the ...
1,941,325,218,075
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The interaction between blackbody radiation (BBR) and atomic system has long attracted physicists' interests. With rapid improvements in atomic physics, the importance of BBR is more and more obvious, in both fundamental and applied science. In determination of frequency and time, the roles of u...
1,941,325,218,076
arxiv
\section{Introduction} In the past few years, dedicated space-borne and ground-based observatories and refined techniques have allowed us to discover and analyze galaxies at increasingly large distances. It is common practice in observational cosmology to select efficiently star-forming galaxies (e.g. Lyman break g...
1,941,325,218,077
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:1} The mean-median-mode trio involves the three most frequently used measures of central tendency of a dataset. They are taught within the very first classes of any course on basic Statistics. However, they do not share the same degree of importance: the sample mean (or average) is...
1,941,325,218,078
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:introduction} Human pose estimation is key for many applications, such as action recognition, animation, gaming, to name a few \cite{kalfaoglu2020late, starke2019neural, shotton2011real}. State of the art methods \cite{cao2017realtime,tome2017lifting} that rely on RGB images can corr...
1,941,325,218,079
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Handwritten Text Recognition (HTR) is a complex and widely studied computer vision problem in research community. In HTR, cursive strokes of handwritten text need to be recognized. Available text can be either in online or offline form \cite{Kumari2022}. In online HTR, the time ordered sequence o...
1,941,325,218,080
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \baselineskip=14pt \elevenrm During a dinner a few weeks ago, Mario Tonin reminded us that Cardinal Bellarmino was right in the argument with Galileo. Bellarmino agreed that indeed the picture of the planets going around the earth on circles with epicycles could be simplified by putting the ...
1,941,325,218,081
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Although originally purposed for radio-wave detection of ultra-high energy neutrinos interacting in cold polar ice via the Askaryan effect\cite{Askaryan1962a,Askaryan1962b,Askaryan1965}, the RICE\cite{KravchenkoFrichterSeckel2003}, ANITA\cite{GorhamAllisonBarwick2009}, ARA\cite{Allison:2011wk} a...
1,941,325,218,082
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sect:intro} \subsection{Resonance varieties} \label{subsec:res-intro} The cohomology ring of a space $X$ captures deep, albeit incomplete information about the homotopy type of $X$. A fruitful idea, which arose in the late 1990s from the theory of hyperplane arrangements \cite{Fa97,CS9...
1,941,325,218,083
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:intro} It is widely accepted that most massive galaxies harbor supermassive black holes \citep[for reviews see][]{Ho2008,Kormendy2013}. However, It is still unknown what fraction of small, bulgeless galaxies contain nuclear black holes \citep[for a review see][]{Greene2012}. If they ...
1,941,325,218,084
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The issue of global warming has emerged as a central international environmental question over decades. As a consequence of industrialization and economic development, human-caused emissions of greenhouse gases, most notably carbon dioxide ($\rm CO_2$), contribute to a significant increase in th...
1,941,325,218,085
arxiv
\section{Socialist science} \label{sec:SocialistScience} Basic science is currently a socialist enterprise, funded by the taxpayer, with the results available to society at large. Government agencies centrally plan the bulk of funding decisions, with peer review providing input to committees that assist these agencie...
1,941,325,218,086
arxiv
\subsection{A concern} Steve Awodey at the ASL in Philadelphia noted that version did not address coherence. I believed use of a (not-necessarily-univalent) universe following \cite[\S 1]{KapuLenFanuVoev} would carry over routinely. I now think Steve is right this belief needs more careful verification. If it does ...
1,941,325,218,087
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:intro} Modern time series analysis is increasingly using high-dimensional datasets, typically available at different frequencies. Conventional time series are often supplemented with non-traditional data, such as the high-dimensional data coming from the natural language proces...