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1,941,325,219,388 | arxiv | \section*{Abstract}
{\bf The production cross sections and polarization observables of the $\tau$ leptons produced in the $|\Delta S| = 0$ and
$1$ induced $\nu_{\tau}(\bar{\nu}_{\tau})-N$ quasielastic scattering have been studied. The effect of T violation, in the case
of $\Delta S=0$ and 1 processes, and the SU(3) s... |
1,941,325,219,389 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
With the aim of developing a differential calculus on metric measure spaces, the first named author introduced in \cite{Gigli14}
the class of \emph{\(L^p\)-normed \(L^\infty\)-modules}. These are Banach spaces endowed with a module structure (over the
ring of \(L^\infty\)-functions) and whose no... |
1,941,325,219,390 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
We study the target coverage problem in Directional Sensor Networks (DSNs). In DSNs, every node is equipped with a "directional" sensor, which perceives a physical phenomenon in a specific orientation.
Cameras, radars, and infrared sensors are typical examples of directional sensors. In some rea... |
1,941,325,219,391 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Exoplanets and the related possibility of extraterrestrial life are certainly one of the hottest topics of contemporary astronomy, astrophysics, and astrobiology. Naturally, the basic condition for the existence of imaginable biological forms is a sufficient supply of energy, and therefore a rea... |
1,941,325,219,392 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{sec1}
A realistic quantum system is never isolated, but is immersed in the
surrounding environment (alias bath, reservoir) and interacts
continuously with it. Such a system without ignorable coupling to
the environment can be called open quantum system. Generally, the
environment consists ... |
1,941,325,219,393 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
There are several successful methods to identify galaxies in the early Universe. For example,
Lyman-break galaxies (LBGs; \citealt{Steidel:1996}) are found using the photometric drop-out
technique around the Lyman-limit and have provided the first sample of $z\gtrsim8$ galaxi... |
1,941,325,219,394 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{Introduction}
Nesterov's celebrated accelerated gradient method (AGM) solves the problem of finding the minimum of an $L$-smooth convex function with an ``optimal'' accelerated $\mathcal{O}(1/k^2)$ complexity \cite{10029946121}.
Surprisingly, AGM turned out to be not exactly optimal, but... |
1,941,325,219,395 | arxiv | \section*{Nomenclature}
{\renewcommand\arraystretch{1.0}
\noindent\begin{longtable*}{@{}l @{\quad=\quad} l@{}}
$\mathbf{x}$, $\mathbf{y}$ & Coordinates of the macro- and microscale domain \\
$\zeta$ & Scale separation parameter \\
${\bar {\mathbf{u}}}$, ${\bar T}$ & macroscopic displacement and temperature\\... |
1,941,325,219,396 | arxiv |
\section{Introduction}
\input{intro}
\section{Related Work}
\input{related}
\section{Low-dimensional Embeddings}
\input{model}
\section{Experimental Results}
\input{results}
\section{Conclusion}
\input{conclusion}
\section*{Acknowledgments}
\input{acks}
\subsection{Anchor-word Selection}
We begin b... |
1,941,325,219,397 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{sec: intro}
The concept of creating a wavefront sensor for adaptive optics (AO) by focusing a telescope beam onto the vertex of a glass pyramid and then re-imaging the pupil with the light exiting the bottom of the pyramid is due to Ragazzoni.\cite{Ragzzoni_PyWFSinvention_1996}
This has ... |
1,941,325,219,398 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sect:intro}
Black hole X-ray binaries (BHBs; $\hbox{$M_{\rmn{BH}}$} \sim 10 \hbox{$\thinspace M_{\odot}$}$) display both low frequency ($\sim 0.1 - 30$\,Hz) and high frequency ($\sim 40-450$\,Hz) quasi-periodic oscillations (LFQPOs; HFQPOs) in their X-ray power spectra (PSD; see e.g. \cit... |
1,941,325,219,399 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
One of the puzzles of quantum mechanics is the question, how classical
objects can arise in quantum theory. Quantum mechanics is a statistical
theory, but its statistics differs on a fundamental level from the
statistics of classical objects. The EPR problem and the violation of Bell's
inequalit... |
1,941,325,219,400 | arxiv | \section{Introduction} \label{sec:introduction}
Networked Control Systems (NCSs) that exchange information between a plant and its controller through a shared communication network
have been a topic of active research for decades in both the academia and the industry \cite{gupta2010networked,baillieul2007control,hespan... |
1,941,325,219,401 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The (numerically) exact evaluation of thermodynamic quantum equilibrium observables is restricted to small
systems due to the exponential growth of the Hilbert space for systems with finite-size
single-particle Hilbert spaces such as Heisenberg or Hubbard models. For quantum systems
with unrestr... |
1,941,325,219,402 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Let $S^2$ be the $2$-sphere and $g$ any smooth Riemannian metric on
it. Denote by ${\lambda}(g)$ the first non-zero eigenvalue of the
Laplace operator defined by $g$, acting on functions on $S^2$. In
1970, J.Hersch~\cite{hers} showed that
$${\lambda}(g) \leq \frac{8\pi}{\mbox{Area}_{g}(S^2)}\ .$... |
1,941,325,219,403 | arxiv | \section{\setcounter{equation}{0}\Section}
\newtheorem{theorem}{Theorem}[section]
\newtheorem{proposition}[theorem]{Proposition}
\newtheorem{lemma}[theorem]{Lemma}
\newtheorem{corollary}[theorem]{Corollary}
\newtheorem{example}[theorem]{Example}
\newtheorem{claim}[theorem]{Claim}
\newtheorem{assertion}{Ass... |
1,941,325,219,404 | arxiv | \section{Introduction and Main Results}
\noindent Let ${\cal K}^n$ denote the space of convex bodies
(non-empty, compact, convex sets) in \linebreak[4] $n$-dimensional
Euclidean space ${\mathbb R}^n$ ($n\ge 2$). The basic
algebraic structures on $\mathcal{K}^n$ are Minkowski
addition and dilatation, defined by
... |
1,941,325,219,405 | arxiv | \section{\textbf{Introduction}}
As introduced in the original publication \cite{sahoo/ec}, symmetric teleparallel gravity theory received much attention in the past couple of years. However, unlike its elder brothers, the Levi-Civita connection based general relativity theory and the torsion based metric teleparallel ... |
1,941,325,219,406 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The assembly of galaxy clusters is a hierarchical process, wherein
massive clusters grow over time through the accretion of smaller groups
and clusters of galaxies. As such, it is a messy process. In the low
velocity dispersion group environment, individual galaxies interact and
merge with one a... |
1,941,325,219,407 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Human-machine conversation is a long-standing goal of artificial intelligence. Recently, building a chatbot for open domain conversation has gained increasing interest due to both availabilities of a large amount of human conversation data and powerful models learned with neural networks. Existin... |
1,941,325,219,408 | arxiv | \section{Introduction and discussion}\label{sec:intro}
Two dimensional conformal field theories are among the most important and interesting quantum field theories. They describe important condensed matter and statistical mechanics systems at criticality and, remarkably, possess an infinite dimensional group of symme... |
1,941,325,219,409 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Numerous amorphous materials such as foams, colloidal glasses,
granular materials or metallic glasses, tend to present shear banding
when they are sheared, i.e. the concentration of the deformation in a
subpart of the system, so that a cohabitation between an almost solid
part and a fluid-like pa... |
1,941,325,219,410 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{SEC:1}
\subsection{Viscous nonlinear wave equations}
In this paper, we consider the following nonlinear wave equation (NLW) on
the two-dimensional torus
$\mathbb{T}^2 = (\mathbb{R}/\mathbb{Z})^2$, augmented by viscous effects:
\begin{equation}
\begin{cases}
\partial_t^2 u + (1-\Delta)... |
1,941,325,219,411 | arxiv | \section*{Introduction}
\label{Sec:1}
Artificial intelligence (AI) applications for precision medicine using medical images require large amounts of well-annotated data. Over the past 10 years thousands~\cite{suzuki2017overview} of research studies have reported the optimization of small amounts of available data to co... |
1,941,325,219,412 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{intro}
SMGs were discovered in the late 1990s \citep{Smail97} using the
Submillimetre (submm) Common-User Bolometer Array \citep[SCUBA
--][]{Holland99} on the 15-m James Clerk Maxwell Telescope
(JCMT). SCUBA had been designed to exploit the so-called ``negative
$K$-correction'' in the sub... |
1,941,325,219,413 | arxiv | \section{INTRODUCTION}
\label{sec:introduction}
Evidences are acquired in recent years on the need to allow
compact objects to accrete mass at rates exceeding the Eddington
limit by about one to two orders of magnitude. Extreme cases of
super-Eddington accretion rates is the magnetized neutron star
M82X-11 that accret... |
1,941,325,219,414 | arxiv |
\section{Introduction}
One of the long-standing goals of speech and cognitive scientists is to develop a computational model of language acquisition \cite{goldwater2009bayesian, lee2012nonparametric, ondel2016variational, harwath2016unsupervised}. Early on in their lives, human infants learn to recognize phonemic c... |
1,941,325,219,415 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The polarization of star light has been, for nearly a century, the subject of extensive observation, interpretation and simulation. As a result of these, as well as astronomical emission and extinction measurements, silicates of the Olivine class emerged as the model candidate of choice, at le... |
1,941,325,219,416 | arxiv | \subsection{ACKNOWLEDGMENTS}
We thank Saijun Wu for helpful discussions and Steven Maxwell, Ian Spielman and William D. Phillips for useful comments on this manuscript. This work is supported by the DARPA QUEST program. K.D.N. and S.O. acknowledge support from the National Research Council (NRC) Research Associateship ... |
1,941,325,219,417 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
This paper can be thought of as an extension of the paper ``On the Lego-Teichm\"{u}ller Game'' by Bojko Bakalov and Alexander Kirillov Jr \cite{BK}. In the paper \cite{BK}, authors gave the description of how to represent a given smooth, oriented surface, possibly with boundary by gluing of seve... |
1,941,325,219,418 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{sec:introduction}
The very luminous red evolved star \object{VY\,CMa}\
\citep[M2.5 -- M5e Ia;][]{wallerstein1958,humphreys1974},
also known as IRC\,$-$30087 and CRL\,1111, is one of the most extreme stars in our galaxy.
Thanks to trigonometric parallax measurements of \mbox{H$_2$O}\ and... |
1,941,325,219,419 | arxiv | \section*{Figure Captions}
\vskip 0.5 cm
\begin{figure}
\caption{ \label{fig1} }
Diagrams considered in our model. The dotted lines represent the
correlation function. The oriented lines represent
particle and hole wave functions. The black circle
indicates an integration point while the black square indicate the
in... |
1,941,325,219,420 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sect:intro}
Two-dimensional (2D) as well as three-dimensional (3D) images play a crucial role in diagnosis, treatment planning, treatment, and the assessment of progression and/or regression of a condition or disease in a patient. In this context, comparisons of subject data acquired using... |
1,941,325,219,421 | arxiv | \section{introduction}
There is a well known contradiction between reversible equations of classical mechanics and irreversible behaviour of many-body systems.
In particular, it remains an open question about the possibility to describe transition of many-particle system to equilibrium without the use of the probabi... |
1,941,325,219,422 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The experimental discovery of graphene in 2004
\cite{novoselov_electric_2004} opened the door to a large scientific
activity, and nowadays graphene physics is one of the most vibrant
research fields in condensed matter physics. One of the fascinating
electronic properties of graphene is that lo... |
1,941,325,219,423 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{intro}
A primary goal of emergency medical services (EMS) is to minimize response times to emergencies while managing operational costs. Sophisticated operations research methods have been developed to optimize many management decisions \citep{Henderson:2009}, but these methods rely critic... |
1,941,325,219,424 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{intro}
Stacked generalization (stacking)~\citep{wolpert1992stacked} is a prominent and popular off-the-shelf meta-learning approach suitable for a variety of downstream machine learning tasks in areas such as computer vision and computational biology. Stacking is related to ensemble learn... |
1,941,325,219,425 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Blanz and Vetter~\cite{blanzvetter} introduced a general face representation and a principled approach to facial reconstruction. The key idea that any face can be defined as the linear combination of a set of template faces has given rise to 3D Morphable Models (3DMM). Traditionally, optimizatio... |
1,941,325,219,426 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:Introduction}
From the point of view of mean free path of charge carriers the
semiconductor nanostructures are small objects. Thanks to this size of
nanostructures charge carriers can repeat their elastic scattering at
the nanostructure boundaries many times and return back to a sca... |
1,941,325,219,427 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The theories of ind-sheaves (initiated in \cite{KS01}) and enhanced ind-sheaves (established in \cite{DK16}) led to an extension of the classical Riemann--Hilbert correspondence for regular holonomic D-modules, which had been proved independently by M.\ Kashiwara \cite{Kas84} and Z.\ Mebkhout \c... |
1,941,325,219,428 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\pagestyle{plain}
\begin{document}
\title{Vector-Valued Rademacher Sums and Automorphic Integrals}
\author{Daniel Whalen}
\date{\today}
\maketitle
\begin{abstract}
We present bases for certain spaces of meromorphic vector-valued rational-weight mock modular forms constructed using Rademache... |
1,941,325,219,429 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Statistical behavior of a complex system modeled by a random matrix
ensemble (RME) requires information of different constraints imposed on
the Hamiltonian matrix representing the system \cite{haake2010, mehta91,
shukla2012generalized, guhr1998random}. The constraints influencing the
nature ... |
1,941,325,219,430 | arxiv | \section{Introduction and Motivation}\label{s:intro}
The objects of the Solar System's small body populations - leftovers from the planet formation process - are a result of a billion-year-long collisional evolution of varying intensity, even if they were born big \citep[e.g.][]{Morbidelli:2009dd}. Their current shape,... |
1,941,325,219,431 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
With the number $197$, let $(K_m)_{m\ge 1}$ be the sequence
whose first three terms $K_1=1,~K_2=9$ and $K_3=7$ are the digits of $197$
and which satisfies the recurrence $K_m=K_{m-1}+K_{m-2}+K_{m-3}$ for all
$m>3$. Its initial terms are
$$
1,~9,~7,~17,~33,~57,~107,~197,~361,~665,\ldots
$$
No... |
1,941,325,219,432 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Metamaterials were originally developed as a means to create novel interactions between matter and electromagnetic (EM) radiation.\cite{Ves68,Pendry96,Pendry99,Shel01} It became clear that these novel interactions are particularly stark and dramatic in the case of metamaterials composed of supe... |
1,941,325,219,433 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
In recent years, Intelligent Personal Digital Assistants (IPDA) have becoming increasingly popular. Users interact with these assistants using natural language (either spoken or through text) where the conversations are generally short and chit-chat based. There is also emergenc... |
1,941,325,219,434 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
There is growing interest in the design of synthetic gauge fields and topological band structures for light~\cite{Haldane2008,Wang2009,Malkova2009,Khanikaev2013,Rechtsman2013,Hafezi2013}, motivated both by their exotic behaviour and potential applications as disorder-robust photonic devices~\cit... |
1,941,325,219,435 | arxiv | \section{Wasserstein-Splitting Gaussian Processes}\label{sec: GP}
In this section, we present Wasserstein-Splitting Gaussian Process Regression (WGPR). The high-level structure of WGPR mirrors that of LGPR \cite{nguyen2009model} and SOLAR GP \cite{wilcox2020solar}, however our method deviates from the existing methods ... |
1,941,325,219,436 | arxiv | \section{Concluding Remarks}
We performed an extensive analysis comparing current state-of-the-art Transformers and CNNs. With simple experiments, we have shown that Transformers, just like CNNs, are vulnerable to picking spurious or simple discriminative features in the training set instead of focusing on robust featu... |
1,941,325,219,437 | arxiv | \section{Introduction and statements of main results}
The goal of this paper is to provide several new examples of \emph{properly proximal} groups. The authors of \cite{BIP18} who introduced this property were motivated by the program of classifying group von Neumann algebras.
Proper proximality is a dynamical/geomet... |
1,941,325,219,438 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Monitoring the orbital motion of exoplanets, through direct imaging (e.g., \citealp{Chauvin:2012dk, Kalas:2013hp, Bonnefoy:2014bx, Nielsen:2014js}), or through indirect techniques such as radial velocity and transit measurements (e.g., \citealp{Cumming:2008hg,Howard:2012di,Marcy:2014hr,Moutou:201... |
1,941,325,219,439 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
The interaction of a two-level system with oscillatory off-diagonal
coupling leads to a shift in the transition energy,
known in the literature as the Bloch-Siegert shift
\cite{BlochSiegert,Shirley}.
When the shifted transition energy is resonant with an odd number of
o... |
1,941,325,219,440 | arxiv | \section*{Methods}\label{sec5}
\bmhead{Generalised Gross-Pitaevskii theory}
The effects of the rotating pump profile on the condensate and exciton reservoirs are modelled using the mean-field theory approach, where the condensate order parameter $\Psi(\textbf{r},t)$ describes the condensate density as a macroscopic... |
1,941,325,219,441 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\vspace{-4pt}
\label{sec:introduction}
Empowered by deep structures, nonlinear activation, and high-performance GPUs, deep neural networks (DNNs) have monopolized object detection systems~\cite{redmon2018yolov3,liu2016ssd,ren2015faster}, enabling the development of many security-critical applicati... |
1,941,325,219,442 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
Federated learning (FL) comes as a new distributed machine learning (ML) paradigm where multiple clients (e.g., mobile devices) collaboratively train an ML model without
revealing their private
data~\cite{pmlr-v54-mcmahan17a,QiangYangTIST2019,kairouz2019advances}. In a
typica... |
1,941,325,219,443 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\subsection{Motivation}
In a famous paper \cite{L}, Liouville proved that some elementary functions of
a real or complex variable do not admit elementary antiderivatives, the usual
example being $x\mapsto\exp(x^2)$.
In 1968, Risch gave an algorithm (\cite{Ri}) to decide if an elementary functio... |
1,941,325,219,444 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{intro}
Integral transform methods are a very useful tool in all fields of physics, in experiment as well as in theory.
In fact one often encounters situations where an observable is not directly accessible, while this is the case for
one of its integral transforms. If one denotes as $f... |
1,941,325,219,445 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Many problems in quantum field theory can be studied in the worldline
formalism. This approach provides an intuitive and, in many cases, more
efficient method to carry out computations in the 1-loop approximation
(see \cite{Fliegner:1994zc,Schubert:2001he,Bastianelli:2006rx} and
references there... |
1,941,325,219,446 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{Sec-Introduction}
The systematic aggregation of individual preferences into a global social preference is the principal concern of social choice theory. Its origins trace back to the 13th-century, when the philosopher Ramon Lull considered a voting method that counted pairwise preferences... |
1,941,325,219,447 | arxiv | \section*{Acknowledgments}
K. H. acknowledge useful discussions with C. M. Varma and L. Zhu.
K. H. also acknowledge hospitality from the University of California,
Riverside, while part of this work was done. This work was supported by a Grant-in-Aid for Scientific
Research (No. 20740189) from the Japan Society for th... |
1,941,325,219,448 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:introduction}
Due to the power law distribution of word frequencies, rare words are extremely common in any language \citep{zipf1935}.
Yet, the majority of language generation tasks---including machine translation \citep{seq2seqSutskever,bahdanau,luong}, summarization \citep{summ1,su... |
1,941,325,219,449 | arxiv | \section{Introduction} \label{sec:intro}
The aim of this paper is to establish a vast generalization of the classical Fubini theorem of Bourbaki for Radon measures on compact Hausdorff spaces (\cite{Bou}, Ch. III, \S 5, proved also by Edwards \cite{Edw}). We prove a Fubini-type theorem that applies to a much wider ... |
1,941,325,219,450 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
In this paper, we study two seemingly unrelated but closely connected
convex optimization problems, and associated algorithms.
The first is the {\it best approximation problem}: given
closed, convex sets $C_1,\ldots,C_d \subseteq \mathbb{R}^n$ and $y \in
\mathbb{R}^n$, we see... |
1,941,325,219,451 | arxiv | \section{Introduction.}
Gravitational lensing preserve the surface brightness of
the source the color of the local source element. As a consequence it
is generally assumed that the average color of the images reflects the color
of the source. But this statement is true only if the color of the source
is constant. In p... |
1,941,325,219,452 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
In the Bitcoin white paper~\cite{Nakamoto}, Nakamoto proposed a very simple Byzantine fault tolerant consensus algorithm that is also known as Nakamoto consensus. Despite its simplicity, some existing analysis of Nakamoto consensus appears to be long and involved. In this technical report, we ai... |
1,941,325,219,453 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Classical differential Galois theory studies symmetry
groups of solutions of linear differential equations, or,
equivalently, the groups of automorphisms of the corresponding
extensions of differential fields. The groups that arise are linear
algebraic groups over the field of constants. This the... |
1,941,325,219,454 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The topology of real Grassmannians has many applications in the discrete and convex geometry. For example, the Schubert calculus and other topological facts (e.g. from~\cite{cf1960,hil1980A}) can be applied to obtain some existence theorems for flat transversals (affine flats intersecting all ... |
1,941,325,219,455 | arxiv | \section{\label{}}
\section{Introduction}
The X-ray source 4U\,1909+07\xspace (or X1908+07) was detected with the \textsl{Uhuru} satellite \citep{giacconi74a} as 3U~1912+07 and filed in the fourth \textsl{Uhuru} catalog as 4U\,1909+07\xspace \citep{forman78a}. It has been seen with most X-ray instruments ever since. T... |
1,941,325,219,456 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{intro}
Perturbation theory is these days a standard tool in theoretical
cosmology. Since the introduction of the theory more than sixty years
ago, the ``gauge issue'' has been troubling cosmologists.
Although the problem has been resolved by now, at all orders in
perturbation theory, ther... |
1,941,325,219,457 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec_intro}
The hydrodynamic approach to correlation functions in quantum many body systems has a long history \cite{Landau-1941, Forster-1975}. Generally, hydrodynamic equations are nonlinear and dispersive. However, usually, it is the linearized hydrodynamics which is used to extract lo... |
1,941,325,219,458 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
It is a widely accepted wisdom that quantum phenomena cannot be fully described within the framework of any physical theory that shares the same notions of reality and relativistic causality that we acknowledge as a given in our classical descriptions of the macroscopic world \cite{Wiseman}. Thi... |
1,941,325,219,459 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Quantum metrology is a vivid topic of research both at the theoretical and experimental
levels \citep{Giovannetti2011,Dowling2014,Toth2014,*Demkowicz2015}.
With the help of quantum systems consisting of particles that independently sense a
parameter of interest one may attain sensing resolutions... |
1,941,325,219,460 | arxiv | \section*{}
Consider the following rational elliptic curves
\[
E\colon y^2+xy=x^3-8x+27
\]
and
\[
E'\colon y^2+xy=x^3+8124402x-11887136703
\]
labelled \cite[\href{http://www.lmfdb.org/EllipticCurve/Q/3675.g1}{3675.g1}]{lmfdb} and~\cite[\href{http://www.lmfdb.org/EllipticCurve/Q/47775.be1}{47775.be1}]{lmfdb} in LMFDB... |
1,941,325,219,461 | arxiv |
\section{Introduction}
Quantum chromodynamics (QCD) is a gauge theory describing the strong interaction
between partons (quarks and gluons).
Jets are reconstructed using hadron particles produced by the fragmentation of partons in collisions~\cite{PhysRevLett.39.1436}.
Thus jets approximate the original partons creat... |
1,941,325,219,462 | arxiv | \section*{Checklist}
\begin{enumerate}
\item For all authors...
\begin{enumerate}
\item Do the main claims made in the abstract and introduction accurately reflect the paper's contributions and scope?
\answerYes{}
\item Did you describe the limitations of your... |
1,941,325,219,463 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Suppose that $f(t,x)$ is an analytic function of $t\in {\mathbb{C}}$ and $x=(x_1,\ldots,x_n)\in {{\mathbb{C}}}^n$ near the origin, and let $k$ be the smallest integer such that
$$
f(0,0)=0,\quad \frac{\partial{f}}{\partial{t}}(0,0)=0,\ldots,\frac{\partial^{k-1}{f}}{\partial{t^{k-1}}}(0,0)=0,\q... |
1,941,325,219,464 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{sec:intro}
O-minimal structure was initially a subject of mathematical logic, but it was realized that an o-minimal structure provides an excellent framework of geometry \cite{vdD}.
It is considered to be a generalization of semialgebraic geometry \cite{BCR}, and geometric assertions on sem... |
1,941,325,219,465 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Quantum phase transitions have been a matter of special interest in condensed matter physics during the last decades~\cite{Sachdev, StockertSteglich11, SiSteglich10}. In contrast to the classical phase transitions induced by thermal fluctuations, quantum phase transitions are driven by quantum f... |
1,941,325,219,466 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
A dark, stable form of matter is overwhelmingly successful at explaining astrophysical phenomena on the largest observable scales of time and space. Nevertheless, the inner structure of some dark matter potential wells may indicate discrepancies with expectations derived from the simplest models... |
1,941,325,219,467 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec-1}
\vspace{1mm}\noindent
Both unpolarized and polarized deep-inelastic structure functions receive
contributions from light partons and heavy quarks. In the unpolarized
case, the charm
quark contribution may amount to 25-35\% in the small $x$ region,~\cite{JBSR}.
Since the scaling ... |
1,941,325,219,468 | arxiv | \subsection*{Introduction}
This paper is a kind of follow-up to \cite{Mic}, where we gave a uniform
proof of the results of Chapuy and Stump \cite{CS} for Weyl groups using
Deligne-Lusztig combinatorics. Here we extend this to all spetsial
reflection groups and to the results of Chapuy and Douvropoulos \... |
1,941,325,219,469 | arxiv | \section{Conclusion}
In this work, we exploit recent advances made in neural-based generative models to explore potential benefits they can offer within the context of SSVEP classification models trained on EEG data. Since data acquisition within real-world scenarios suffers from a variety of challenges, using synthet... |
1,941,325,219,470 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec_introduction}
In the past few years, deep convolutional neural networks (DCNNs) \cite{lecun1995convolutional} have achieved the state of the art performance in many computer vision tasks, starting from image recognition \cite{NIPS2012_AlexNet,GoogleLeNet_2014,VGG_2015} and object loca... |
1,941,325,219,471 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The notion of Hom-Lie algebras was introduced by Hartwig, Larsson,
and Silvestrov in \cite{HLS} as part of a study of deformations of
the Witt and the Virasoro algebras.
Some $q$-deformations of the Witt and the Virasoro algebras have the
structure of a Hom-Lie algebra \cite{HLS,hu}. Because of ... |
1,941,325,219,472 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{sec:introduction}
Linked data structures such as graphs and specifically Knowledge Graphs (KG) are well suited for representing a wide variety of heterogeneous data. Knowledge graphs represent real-world entities along with their types, attributes, and relationships.
Most existing work on m... |
1,941,325,219,473 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{sec:intro}
There has recently been a considerable interest in studying directional properties of optical nano-antennas composed of dielectric or metallic particles that could emit light into a desired direction~\cite{ts08,kk10,cv10,lc11,nk12,jl13}. Particularly interesting is a bimetallic... |
1,941,325,219,474 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{intro}
The visual appearance of galaxies -- commonly referred to as
galaxy morphology -- correlates with their physical properties,
such as stellar mass \cite[e.g.][]{bundy2005mass}, star formation
rate \citep[SFR, e.g.][]{bluck2014bulge, Kaviraj2014, smethurst2015galaxy, Lofthouse2017},
... |
1,941,325,219,475 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
AI achieved successful results in several domains such as healthcare~\cite{kourou2015machine}, automotive~\cite{kuutti2020survey}, and aviation~\cite{8903554}. The powerful and profound impact of AI on society led to several debates about the principles and values that must guide its implementat... |
1,941,325,219,476 | arxiv | \section{\@startsection {section}{1}{\z@}
{-3.5ex \@plus -1ex \@minus -.2ex}%
{2.3ex \@plus.2ex}%
{\centering\normalsize\scshape}}
\renewcommand{\subsection}[1]{%
\pagebreak[2]
\refstepcounter{subsection} \addco... |
1,941,325,219,477 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Giant soap films are spectacular structures since they are uncommon in nature \cite{Rutgers2001,Ballet2006,Cohen2017}.
Indeed, soap films are well-known to be fragile and short standing.
To maintain such large films artificially, the soap solution is constantly injected at the top to balance th... |
1,941,325,219,478 | arxiv | \section{\textbf{Introduction}}
The history of Bernstein polynomials depends on Bernstein in 1904. It is
well known that Bernstein polynomials play a crucial important role in the
area of approximation theory and the other areas of mathematics, on which
they have been studied by many researchers for a long time [... |
1,941,325,219,479 | arxiv | \section*{Abstract}
The latest in a series of reports presenting the information-theoretic
incompleteness theorems of algorithmic information theory via
algorithms written in specially designed versions of LISP. Previously
in this LISP code only one-character identifiers were allowed, and
arithmetic had to be programm... |
1,941,325,219,480 | arxiv | \section{Introduction} \label{sec: intro}
\def{\mathrm{d}}{{\mathrm{d}}}
\def{\bm{r}}{{\bm{r}}}
\def{\bm{a}}{{\bm{a}}}
\def{\bm{\hat n}}{{\bm{\hat n}}}
\def{\bm{F}}{{\bm{F}}}
\def{\bm{\nabla}}{{\bm{\nabla}}}
Thermodynamic interpretations (and reinterpretations) of the Einstein equations of general relativity have been... |
1,941,325,219,481 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Text is the most fundamental medium for communicating semantic information. It appears everywhere in daily life: on street nameplates, store signs, product packages, restaurant menus and so on. Such texts in natural environment are known as scene texts. Automatically detecting and recognizing sc... |
1,941,325,219,482 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The \textit{Kepler Spacecraft} has provided an unprecedented view of close-in planetary systems around other stars. The main goal of the mission is to characterize the occurrence rate of terrestrial planets in the habitable zone, while the largest yield of \textit{Kepler} planets and \textit{pla... |
1,941,325,219,483 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
$f(R)$ theories \cite{DeFelice:2010aj,Sotiriou:2008rp} are a natural generalization of General Relativity (GR). This is especially true if one views GR simply as a Taylor expansion for small curvature $R$. Counting degrees of freedom, $f(R)$ theory has an additional scalar degree of freedom, usua... |
1,941,325,219,484 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
In this paper we try to express the entries in the $V_{CKM}$ mixing
matrix in terms of the ratios of the quark masses and one CP
violating phase. Our approach is guided by the experimental
information on $V_{CKM}$ and a desire to have a simple pattern of
flavour symmetry breaking.
\section{Fla... |
1,941,325,219,485 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Wigner matrices were introduced by E. Wigner to model the nuclei of heavy atoms in \cite{MR0077805,MR0083848}. He postulated that the gaps between the energy levels of large quantum systems should resemble the eigenvalue gaps of a random matrix resemble, which should depend only on the symmetry c... |
1,941,325,219,486 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{JBN.Sect1}
Generalised Landau problems have recently been studied
in the context of deformed quantum mechanics\cite{BGH1,BGH5}.
It has been shown that, beyond the well-known duality between
interactions and noncommutative (NC) geometry\cite{scholtz},
the deformed quantum Hall NC geometry ... |
1,941,325,219,487 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Worldline methods in Quantum Field Theory have seen a revival in
recent years as an efficient technique in perturbative calculations \cite{Schub}
but also as a non-perturbative
method to deal with strongly-interacting systems. We have extended
the variational approach used by Feynman \cite{Fey... |
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