uuid int64 541B 3,299B | dataset stringclasses 1
value | text stringlengths 1 4.29M |
|---|---|---|
1,941,325,219,488 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{introduction}
\normalsize{
Level set estimation theory deals with the problem of reconstructing an unknown set $L(\tau)=\{f \geq f_\tau\}$ from a random sample of points $\mathcal{X}_n=\{X_1,...,X_n\}$ of a random variable $X$, where $f$ is the density of $X$, $\tau\in (0,1)$ is a giv... |
1,941,325,219,489 | arxiv | \section{\@startsection {section}{1}{\zeta@}%
{-3.5ex \@plus -1ex \@minus -.2ex}%
{2.3ex \@plus.2ex}%
{\normalfont\large\bfseries}}
\renewcommand\subsection{\@startsection{subsection}{2}{\zeta@}%
... |
1,941,325,219,490 | arxiv |
\subsubsection*{#1}}
\pagestyle{headings}
\markright{Reference sheet: \texttt{natbib}}
\usepackage{shortvrb}
\MakeShortVerb{\|}
\begin{document}
\thispagestyle{plain}
\newcommand{\textsc{Bib}\TeX}{\textsc{Bib}\TeX}
\newcommand{\texttt{#1}\def\filedate{#2}\def\fileversion{#3}}}{\texttt{#1}\def\filedate{#2}\def\fil... |
1,941,325,219,491 | arxiv | \section{Keywords:} quantum interference, quantum erasure, entanglement, quantum cryptography, QKD}
\end{abstract}
\maketitle
\section{Introduction}
Ideas at the root of quantum erasure were already at play in the famous Bohr-Einstein dialogues in the 1920's. In one such debate, Einstein envisaged a scenario where o... |
1,941,325,219,492 | arxiv | \section{\textbf{Introduction}}
Density-functional theory (DFT) is a commonly used electronic structure method. Its ground state version is mainly used to calculate energies and structures of electronic systems \cite{Barth:review}, while its time-dependent (TD) counterpart TDDFT also
allows for the calculation of dynam... |
1,941,325,219,493 | arxiv | \section{Experiments}
\subsection{Input Modalities}\label{sec:input}
Any set of sensory data can be used as input to the proposed framework. For demonstration, however, we use two exemplary data types that are easily accessible from the existing benchmark datasets: (i) \textit{LiDAR data} provide 3D scanning of the su... |
1,941,325,219,494 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
It is understood since the seminal work of Zhedanov \cite{Zhedanov-1991} that the bispectral properties of the families of orthogonal polynomials of the Askey scheme can be encoded into algebras that are generally quadratic. Basically, the generators of these algebras, which bear the names of th... |
1,941,325,219,495 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
{S}{tatistical} models of transmitters locations aim to
provide tools to understand real network deployment. For
telecommunication companies, the \textit{a priori} knowledge of the
distribution of the antenna locations helps to predict and manage the
costs of a network deployment. Such models al... |
1,941,325,219,496 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Lipschitz-free spaces form by now a fundamental class of Banach spaces, whose study has been revitalized since the appearance of the seminal paper of Godefroy and Kalton (\cite{godefroy2003lipschitz}). There are two main important properties that both characterize these spaces. Namely, they are f... |
1,941,325,219,497 | arxiv | \section*{Introduction}
Much of the research on human cooperation has focused on the free-rider problem: how to maintain cooperation when individuals' immediate interests are opposed to those actions that would maximize the total benefits to the group. However, in many cases individuals' interests are {\em aligned} rat... |
1,941,325,219,498 | arxiv | \section{ Introduction}
\label{S1}
In this Letter we calculate the distribution in recoil momenta for
the double photoionization of helium in the high energy
nonrelativistic limit. We calculate also the energy distribution in
the "back-to-back" configuration of the emitted electrons. Our
calculations are in agr... |
1,941,325,219,499 | arxiv | \section{Contributors}
Below is a list of people who have confirmed interest in contributing to the white paper:
John Orrell,
Noah Kurinsky,
Yoni Kahn,
Richard Schnee,
Rouven Essig,
Alexander Kish,
Claudio Savarese,
Matthew Szydagis,
Cristiano Galbiati,
Isaac Arnquist,
Chris Jackson,
Richard Gaitskell,
Ald... |
1,941,325,219,500 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
A lot of research has shown that the models based on the heavy-tailed distributions are suitable for describing {various} kinds of phenomena where the assumption about the Gaussian distribution is not reasonable, see \cite{mit,fin2,phy2,Gardes2010,Kysely2010,valueatrisk,earthquake,infinite11,pa... |
1,941,325,219,501 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Polynomial system solving can be performed by doing several
eliminations. If the variables are $x_1,..,x_n$, after eliminating
$x_1,...,x_{n-1}$, one has
to solve one (large degree) univariate polynomial, and then one
finds other unknowns by back substitution, gcd computations and univariate poly... |
1,941,325,219,502 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
This is a final paper of the series (\cite{cheng1,cheng2,dog08};
Dogiel et al. 2009abc) on energetic processes in the Galactic
center (GC). In these papers we presented our interpretation of
X-ray and gamma-ray emission from the Galactic center. We
supposed that all these phenomena had common ... |
1,941,325,219,503 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Critical behavior of complex systems in the continuum is one of the central
problems in statistical physics. For systems in $\R^d$, $d>1$, consisting of
particles of the same type there is, up to our knowledge, only one rigorous
mathematical analysis of this problem, the so-called LMP
(Lebowitz-... |
1,941,325,219,504 | arxiv | \section{The \bighess\ Telescope System}
The \hess\ detector for observation of $>100\;\rm GeV$ \gr s has been
operating since June, 2002 in the Khomas highlands of Namibia (23\dg
S, 15\dg E, $1.8\;\rm km$ a.s.l.). It captures the Cherenkov light
emitted by cascades of particles in the atmosphere initiated by a
\gr\ ... |
1,941,325,219,505 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Attempts to detect the radio K-band lines of ammonia (NH$_3$) were
made during the recent apparitions of four comets with the 100-m
Effelsberg Radio Telescope of the Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur
Radioastronomie (MPIfR). Observations were performed on Comets C/2001
A2 (LINEAR), 153P/Ikeya-Zhang, C/... |
1,941,325,219,506 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Searching and exploration
are fundamental problems in the areas of robotics and autonomous
mobile agents. The objective for searching is to find a target
placed at an unknown location in the domain in a provably optimal
manner. In the \textit{linear search} problem,
the target is placed at ... |
1,941,325,219,507 | arxiv | \section{Deferred Proofs}\label{app:appendix}
The proof below contains the calculations for Example~\ref{ex:regularity comparisons}.
\begin{proof}
We first show that the constant elasticity distribution with cumulative density $F(v) = 1 - (v/a)^{1/\epsilon}$ is DMR. Recall that DMR is equivalent to concavity of the re... |
1,941,325,219,508 | arxiv | \section{Introduction, general context and the standard scenario}
Chemically peculiar (CP) stars is a well know group of anomalous
stars on the upper main sequence (see e.g. Romanyuk 2007, Wahlgren 2004
for the most recent reviews).
It is generally accepted that the slow rotation of
these stars is the primordial cause... |
1,941,325,219,509 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
Graph sparsification is the problem of, given a graph $G = (V,E)$ with
quadratically many (in $|V|$) edges,
finding a sparse subgraph $G_\varepsilon =
(V,E_\varepsilon\subseteq E)$ such that important properties of $G$ are
preserved in $G_\varepsilon$. Sparse in this context u... |
1,941,325,219,510 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The Ricci flow deforms a metric $g$ on a Riemannian manifold $(M^n,g)$ according to the equation
\begin{align*}
\frac{\partial}{\partial t}g(t)=-2\text{\rm Ric}_{g(t)}.
\end{align*}
Since its introduction by Hamilton \cite{Hamilton-1982}, the Ricci flow has been used in a wide variety of set... |
1,941,325,219,511 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{sec-intro}
Since \cite{Harsanyi1967-68}, games with incomplete information have been widely studied and found applications in many fields. Various kinds of hypotheses are proposed on the formulation of such games to guarantee the existence of pure strategy equilibria.\footnote{The increa... |
1,941,325,219,512 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
A fundamental question in cosmology is the origin of the density perturbation,
from which the structure of the universe (galaxies, and galaxy clusters) has
grown. Today a popular scenario is inflation, where the perturbation
originates as a quantum fluctuation of the inflaton field.
Clues to th... |
1,941,325,219,513 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
More than seventy years after Zwicky's first accounts of dark matter in galaxy clusters \cite{zwicky33},
and thirty five years after Rubin's measurements of rotational velocities of spirals \cite{rubin70},
the case for non-baryonic dark matter remains convincing. Recent precision observations o... |
1,941,325,219,514 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The ability to predict the future is paramount to design and verification of a control policy, as modeling the dynamics of a system can enable planning and control approaches that solve tasks using the same model, or can facilitate analyzing the behavior of the closed-loop system. Conventionally ... |
1,941,325,219,515 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The study of identified hadron spectra at large transverse momentum
($p_{\mathrm T}$) in $p$+$p$ collisions can be used to test the
predictions from perturbative quantum chromodynamics
(pQCD)~\cite{pqcd}. In the framework of models based on QCD, the
inclusive production of single hadrons is des... |
1,941,325,219,516 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
The key objective in any kind of data analysis is to find a model which describes the data the best and with the fewest assumptions following Occam's razor. Once such a model has been established there are typically two more questions arising:
\begin{enumerate}
\item Is the dat... |
1,941,325,219,517 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\subsection{Background}
The use of angles of external rays to give a combinatorial description of parameter spaces associated with the iteration of various complex analytic functions, most particularly quadratic polynomials, is a standard tool in complex dynamics e.g. \cite{DH, Mil2}. Sester ... |
1,941,325,219,518 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The muon detector of the LHCb experiment \cite{jinst,muonpaper,performance}
is composed of 5 stations (M1$-$M5) placed along the beam axis.
Each station is divided in 4 regions (R1$-$R4), with increasing
distance from the beam pipe.
Multiwire proportional chambers (MWPC) are used everywhere,
exc... |
1,941,325,219,519 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\section{Introduction}
Gravity waves propagate as perturbations of the stratified atmospheric fluid \citep{Goss:75},
with the buoyancy force being the restoring mechanism
giving rise to the waves \citep[cf][for a review]{Frit:03,Alex:10}.
While being essentially regional-scale phenomena, ... |
1,941,325,219,520 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The goal of this note is to study a function-field analogue of
classical problems in analytic number theory, concerning the
auto-correlations of divisor functions. First we review the problems
over the integers $\mathbb{Z}$ and then we proceed to investigate
the same problems over the rati... |
1,941,325,219,521 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Graphs in this paper are simple, having no loops and no parallel edges. For a graph $G=(V,E)$,
the neighbourhood of $x\in V$ is
denoted by $N(x)=N_G(x)$, the degree of $x$
is denoted by $d(x)=d_G(x)$, and the minimum degree of $G$ is denoted by $\delta(G)$. Let $\Pi=\Pi(G)$ be the... |
1,941,325,219,522 | arxiv | \section{\uppercase{Introduction}}
\label{sec:introduction}
Existing research reveals two major classes of state-of-the-art approaches to depth super-resolution (SR): data-driven methods based on deep neural networks~\cite{pdn,msgnet,voynov} and variational optimization-based approaches~\cite{srfs2,srfs1}.
Among thes... |
1,941,325,219,523 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{section:introduction}
Noise is omnipresent in all natural systems and plays a beneficial role in the dynamics of nonlinear systems yielding interesting results~\cite{lopes,lindner}. There are many studies which have revealed that noise can play a constructive role like noise induced or... |
1,941,325,219,524 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{sec:intro}
The dynamics and evolution of protoplanetary disks is key to understanding
formation occurring in the disks.
Like in many astrophysical systems, magnetic field is thought to play an important role
in the gas dynamics in the disks.
However, because the interior of protoplanetar... |
1,941,325,219,525 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
The production of hadrons is due to the strong interactions of quarks and
gluons.
Quantum chromodynamics (QCD), the gauge theory of the strong interactions,
provides a quantitative description of the transitions from quarks and gluons
to jets of hadrons, which may be tested exp... |
1,941,325,219,526 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Over the past decade or so there has been an explosion of research effort aimed at establishing rigorous results about the learnability of various classes of probability distributions. A natural goal in this line of work is to understand how the complexity of learning an unknown high-dimensiona... |
1,941,325,219,527 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
With the detection of over 4000 exoplanets confirmed so far \citep{Schneider2011}, of increasing importance is the detailed characterisation of these planets. While indirect planet detection methods (such as transit and radial-velocity observations) have revolutionised our understanding of the ub... |
1,941,325,219,528 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
In the heart of F-theory is an algorithm that assigns to a given elliptic fibration a reductive Lie group $G$ and a representation $\mathbf{R}$ of $G$ \cite{Vafa:1996xn,Morrison:1996na,Morrison:1996pp,Bershadsky:1996nh, Heckman:2018jxk}.
An elliptic fibration associated to a group $G$ via th... |
1,941,325,219,529 | arxiv | \section{Tensile strength of the liquid and its relation with the bubble cavitation}
\par
The detailed study of cavitation in liquids is of scientific and practical interest since the application of cryogenic liquids grows every year. The cavitation phenomena can have harmful and dangerous outcome, e.g. in liquid hydr... |
1,941,325,219,530 | arxiv | \section{}
Drop coalescence is of major importance in many industrial applications and environmental contexts~\cite{Ashgriz-1990,Hajra_2003, Hu-1995,Pruppacher_2010}. When two liquid drops come into contact, a microscopic liquid bridge forms between them and rapidly expands until the two drops merge into a single big... |
1,941,325,219,531 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Effective field theories enable us to understand important physics by extracting relevant ingredients and disregarding
the unnecessary remainder. Soft-collinear effective theory (SCET) \cite{Bauer:2000ew,Bauer:2000yr,Bauer:2001yt} is an effective theory for QCD,
which is appropriate for high-... |
1,941,325,219,532 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
To extend our knowledge of the nucleon structure far beyond what we know from parton distribution functions (PDFs) about longitudinal momentum distributions, we need a generalization of PDFs which are known as transverse momentum dependent parton distribution functions (TMDs). These functions con... |
1,941,325,219,533 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The transition into an electronically ordered state at 17.5\,K in the heavy fermion compound URu$_2$Si$_2$ has attracted an enormous amount of interest since its discovery about 35 years ago\,\cite{Palstra1985,Schlabitz1986,Maple1986,Oppeneer2010,Mydosh2011,Mydosh2014,Mydosh2020}, and yet, the or... |
1,941,325,219,534 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
Strategies are well described in the framework of sequential games, aka. games in
extensive forms with perfect information. In this paper, we describe rational strategies
leading to divergence.\footnote{In this paper we use ``divergence'' instead of
``escalation'' since it... |
1,941,325,219,535 | arxiv | \section{Introduction and Background}
\subsection{Notations and conventions}
All the graphs in this paper are undirected, possibly with
multiple edges and
self-loops. We denote the group of permutations on a set $V$
by $S_V$. A {\em $2$-factor} in a graph $G$ is a spanning subgraph
that is the disjoint union of cycles.... |
1,941,325,219,536 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{intro}
The study of differential Harnack estimates for parabolic equations originated with the work of Li and Yau \cite{Li-Yau}. They proved a gradient estimate for the heat equation by using the maximal principle. By integrating the gradient estimate along a space-time path, a classical H... |
1,941,325,219,537 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Many new technologies (e.g., vehicular networks, sensor networks, IoT applications, etc \ldots) rely on the assumption that the information that a node in a network has about other nodes is as fresh as possible. Timeliness of updates thus emerged as a new research topic in the study of networks... |
1,941,325,219,538 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\noindent Let $\mathcal{B}(\mathcal{H})$ denote the $\mathbb{C}^*$-algebra of all bounded linear operators defined on a complex Hilbert space $\mathcal{H}$ with inner product $\langle.,.\rangle$. For $T \in \mathcal{B}(\mathcal{H})$, $T^*$ denotes the adjoint of $T$. Also $|T|, |T^*|$ denote... |
1,941,325,219,539 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Complexity has been a focus in the recent study of the AdS/CFT correspondence \cite{Maldacena:1997re} and blackhole physics. As firstly pointed out by L. Susskind \cite{Susskind:2014rva}, ``entanglement is not enough" to describe the dynamics of the blackhole, especially the growth of the Ei... |
1,941,325,219,540 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The investigation of the structure of superforms is an important step toward understanding the geometry of the underlying superspace. Due to the interplay between the spinors and tensors in such spaces, this structure is non-trivial even in the flat case. In the flat, four-dimensional, $N=1$ supe... |
1,941,325,219,541 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
Over the last twenty years there has been a lot of work on bounding the
topological complexity (measured in terms of their Betti numbers)
of several different classes of subsets of ${\mathbb R}^k$ -- most notably
semi-algebraic and semi-Pfaffian sets. The usual setting for
provi... |
1,941,325,219,542 | arxiv | \section{INTRODUCTION}\label{sec:intro}
The center of our Milky Way galaxy hosts a supermassive black hole (BH) Sgr A* with a mass $M_{\rm BH}=4.3\times10^{6}M_\odot$ located at a distance $d=8.3$~kpc \citep{Ghez2008,Gillessen:2009oo}.
The BH is primarily fed by hot stellar winds in the present epoch \citep{Cuadrawin... |
1,941,325,219,543 | arxiv |
\section{Introduction}
Simultaneous machine translation (\textsc{SiMT}\xspace) is a setting where the translator needs to incrementally generate the translation while the source utterance is being received.
This is a challenging translation scenario as the \textsc{SiMT}\xspace \ model needs to trade off delay... |
1,941,325,219,544 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
In traditional methods for solving time-dependent partial-differential-equation (PDE) initial-value problems (IVPs), a truncated representation of the function values and some number of their time derivatives, on some number of spatial slices, are stored on a discrete grid. As is well known, the ... |
1,941,325,219,545 | arxiv |
\section{\name}\label{sec:rapidlink}
This section describes \name\ in detail. For clarity, we describe the algorithm assuming only the
receiver has an antenna array whereas the transmitter has an omni-directional antenna. In~\xref{sec:2sides}, we extend it to the to the case where both transmitter and receiver have an... |
1,941,325,219,546 | arxiv | \section{Introduction\label{sec:Section-I}}
Flows in heated liquid pools with a free surface are of interest in various technical applications, such as metals processing including fusion welding, electron beam evaporation, casting and crystal growth. In these processes, low Prandtl number liquids are subjected to larg... |
1,941,325,219,547 | arxiv | \section{Conclusions}
\label{sec-conclusions}
Precision measurements of the jet activity in $\ttbar$ events were performed using proton-proton collisions recorded by the ATLAS detector at the LHC. The $\ttbar$ events were selected in the dilepton decay channel with two identified $b$-jets. Events were subsequently vet... |
1,941,325,219,548 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\setcounter{equation}{0}
\setcounter{section}{1}
\noindent The discovery of the Emparan-Reall singly spinning black ring \cite{EmparanReall} and the
Pomeransky-Sen'kov doubly spinning black ring \cite{PomeranskySenkov} have played an important role in the theory of higher dimensional black ... |
1,941,325,219,549 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Collective motion of cells is essential to several processes including development of an embryo, tissue morphogenesis, wound healing, homeostasis and cancer metastasis~\cite{Ladoux2017,bruguesForcesDrivingEpithelial2014,friedlClassifyingCollectiveCancer2012}. These biological processes are highl... |
1,941,325,219,550 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The complex structure of the Milky Way in the Third Galactic
Quadrant (TGQ) was noticed time ago with the presence of an
unusual velocity field \citep{Brand1993}, and of the warp
\citep{May1988,Wouterloot1990,May1997} and corrugations that
result in the non coincidence of the \ion{H}{1} (21 cm) l... |
1,941,325,219,551 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{Sec: Intro}
The vast realm of data-driven control methods can be classified into {\em indirect data-driven control} approaches consisting of sequential system identification and model-based control as well as {\em direct data-driven control} approaches seeking an optimal decision compatib... |
1,941,325,219,552 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The study of a globular cluster's luminosity function (LF) provides
insight into its present dynamical state and the stellar populations
of which it is comprised. However, the presence of binary stars can
alter the appearance of the luminosity function. A LF constructed
from a population conta... |
1,941,325,219,553 | arxiv | \section{Differential Privacy for Deep Learning}
Here we discuss the main privacy concepts used in the paper.
\subsection{Differentially Private SGD (DP-SGD)}
For $\epsilon \geq 0$, an algorithm $A$ is understood to be Differentially Private \cite{dwork2006our,dwork2006calibrating} if and only if for any pair of da... |
1,941,325,219,554 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Complex projective Fano manifolds play an important role in the framework of the Minimal Model Program (MMP) and appear as one of the building blocks in the birational classification of varieties. Fano manifolds are classified up to dimension three – the classification of Fano threefolds was achi... |
1,941,325,219,555 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Dense granular materials, when sheared, tend to segregate by particle size, density, shape or friction coefficient, which can be problematic in many industries due to its impact on product quality and uniformity \cite{gray2005theory,meier2007dynamical,fan2011theory,tunuguntla2014mixture,xiao2017c... |
1,941,325,219,556 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{Intro}
Together with quintessence (a scalar field with some potential
minimally coupled to gravity) \cite{PR88,W88,Cald,S98} and other
physical and geometrical (modified gravity) models of dark energy
(see, e.g., the reviews \cite{SS00,SS06} for exact definitions), the
generalized Chaplygi... |
1,941,325,219,557 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Today, a large number of text and written materials are present in English. However, with roughly around 6,500 languages in the world\footnote{\url{https://blog.busuu.com/most-spoken-languages-in-the-world/}} \citep{chakravarthi2020leveraging,hande2021domain,sarveswaran2021thamizhimorph}, every ... |
1,941,325,219,558 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Dimer models are introduced by string theorists
to study four-dimensional $N = 1$ superconformal field theories.
See e.g. a review by Kennaway \cite{Kennaway_BT}
and references therein for a physical background.
A dimer model is a bipartite graph on a real two-torus
which encodes the information... |
1,941,325,219,559 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Approximately 3\% of the general population has a unruptured intracranial aneurysm (UIAs) \cite{Greving2014DevelopmentStudies}. If an UIA ruptures, it leads to subarachnoid haemorrhage with a high mortality and morbidity rate. Neurosurgical or endovascular treatment can prevent UIAs from rupture... |
1,941,325,219,560 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The excellent quality of astrometric and photometric data provided by the ESA mission {\it Gaia} has been recently improved by the publication in its third data release (DR3) of nearly 200 million spectra \citep{DeAngeli22}. These spectra, although having a very low resolution (R\,$\approx$\,60)... |
1,941,325,219,561 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{s1}
One of the central problems in nano science and
technology~\cite{Feynman} is the realization of high-precision
nano manipulation, e.g., pushing, pulling, rotating, rolling, and
cutting nano-scale objects. In the widely applied AFM
experiments~\cite{Binnig1,Binnig2,Junno,Martin,Guth... |
1,941,325,219,562 | arxiv |
\section{Introduction}
``Bacteria count on probabilistic fingers'', to put it crisply, and count they must when they measure time. In the present paper, we study how such counting/time measurement could possibly look like in the most minimal cases which we believe relevant to simple organisms. \cite{klyubin2007represe... |
1,941,325,219,563 | arxiv |
\section{Introduction}
\noindent Meta-programming (MP) is the generation or manipulation of programs, or
parts of programs, by other programs, i.e.~in an algorithmic way.
Many programming languages, going back at least as far as Lisp, have
explicit MP features. These can be classified in various ways such as:
... |
1,941,325,219,564 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The AdS/CFT correspondence provides an important forum for investigating the properties of strongly coupled
matter when held at finite chemical potential with respect to a conserved charge. It is of particular interest to examine
this issue in the context of ``top-down'' solutions of $D=10,11$ s... |
1,941,325,219,565 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Observing the infrared secondary eclipse of transiting tidally locked hot Jupiters allows us to measure their dayside thermal flux \citep[e.g.,][]{Charbonneau2005, Deming2005, Cowan2011b,Cowan2011,Triaud2014b, Schwartz2015, Schwartz2017, Zhang2018,Garhart2020}. The dayside flux is determined by... |
1,941,325,219,566 | arxiv | \section{Introduction} \label{secIntroduction}
Considerable theoretical efforts were directed during the 1980s and
1990s at random polymer rings constrained to a plane, both as a
fundamental problem of statistical mechanics
\cite{Butler1987,Wiegel1988,Duplantier1989,Duplantier1990,Cardy1994}
and as a highly idealized... |
1,941,325,219,567 | arxiv | \section{QCD on the Light Cone }
One of the central problems in particle physics is to determine the
structure of hadrons such as the proton and neutron in terms of
their fundamental QCD quark and gluon degrees of freedom. The bound
state structure of hadrons plays a critical role in virtually every
area of particle ... |
1,941,325,219,568 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
We should recall that the concept of the spectral theorem for a selfadgoint operator is based on the notion of a spectral family or the decomposition of the identical operator. Constructing a spectral family, we can define the selfadjoint operator using the Riemann integral, it is the ver... |
1,941,325,219,569 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
In all calculable, confining $\mathrm{SU}(N)$ gauge theories in continuum, such as the Polyakov model on $\mathbb{R}^3$ \cite{Polyakov:1975rs, Polyakov:1987ez}, the Seiberg--Witten model on $\mathbb{R}^4$ \cite{Seiberg:1994rs}, and deformed Yang--Mills and adjoint QCD on $\mathbb{R}^3 \time... |
1,941,325,219,570 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Humans have evolved to become sensitive to their social interactions. The more they interact, the more they generally learn what to say and what not to say to light up people's mood or to avoid upsetting others. In this paper, we aimed to train a chatbot to emulate these human-like qualities by ... |
1,941,325,219,571 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Stochastic composition optimization draws much attention recently and has been successful in addressing many emerging applications of different areas, such as reinforcement learning \cite{dai2016learning,wang2016accelerating}, statistical learning \cite{wang2017stochastic} and risk management... |
1,941,325,219,572 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
One of the key requirements for the next-generation wireless cellular
networks is to provide massive connectivity for machine-type
communications (MTC), envisioned to support diverse applications such
as environment sensing, event detection, surveillance and control
\cite{andrews2014will, We... |
1,941,325,219,573 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
We will investigate some properties of a particular class of stochastic
differential equations (SDE), called Mc Kean-Vlasov stochastic differential
equations (MVSDE) or mean-field stochastic differential equations. These are
SDEs described by
\begin{center}
$\left\{
\begin{array}
[c]{... |
1,941,325,219,574 | arxiv | \section{\label{sec:intro} Introduction}
Quantum computers have the potential to reveal the electronic structure of molecules that are intractable using conventional methods\cite{Reiher2017elucidating}.
Quantum computers are classified into fault-tolerant quantum computers and noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) ... |
1,941,325,219,575 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The so-called ``ridge'', found in hadronic collisions at RHIC and LHC energies,
\cite{brodsky,aaridgecms,aaridgealice,aaridgeatlas,starridge,phenixridge,phobosridge,ppridge,paridge1,paridge2,paridge3,paridge4,paridge5}, has been subject to years of intense theoretical and experimental investigat... |
1,941,325,219,576 | arxiv |
\section{Introduction}
\begin{itemize}
\item (1p) background
\begin{itemize}
\item describe speech translation
\item conventional method: cascaded approach
\item e2e method
\begin{itemize}
\item description
\item benefits compared to cascaded approach
... |
1,941,325,219,577 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{sec:introduction}
Core-collapse supernovae (CCSNe) have been an active topic of research in theoretical and observational astrophysics for many decades. In recent years, hundreds of CCSNe have been discovered every year, mostly in distant galaxies \citep[e.g.,][]{Sako:2007ms,Leaman:2010kb}... |
1,941,325,219,578 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Sustainable building design is challenged by multi-objective and multi-variable design tasks \citep{westermann2019surrogate, evins2013review}. Driven by the development of Building Information Modeling (BIM) \citep{eastman2011bim} and parameterization \citep{shiel2018parametric}, building desi... |
1,941,325,219,579 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\input{sections/01intro}
\section{Related Work}
\input{sections/02related}
\section{Designing AESER: AI Member in Group Decision Making}
\input{sections/03method}
\section{Experiment Design}
\input{sections/04study}
\section{Results}
\input{sections/05results}
\section{Discussion}
\input{sec... |
1,941,325,219,580 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The Galactic binary SS 433~ emits two oppositely directed jets with
velocities of $v_j \sim$ 0.26c, which precess under an angle of
$\theta = 19.8^\circ$ with a period of $P_p = 162.5$ days (Margon
1984). The kinetic energy of the jets is enormous and might well be
in excess of $\sim 10^{40}$ e... |
1,941,325,219,581 | arxiv |
\section{Introduction}\label{sec:introduction}
\IEEEPARstart{I}{n} response to the COVID-19 pandemic that emerged in Wuhan, China, in December 2019, an unprecedented effort has been made toward developing a vaccine in a ground-breaking record time~\cite{whovaccintracker}. Although the current COVID-19 va... |
1,941,325,219,582 | arxiv | \section{Preliminaries.}
\addtocontents{toc}{\protect\vspace{1ex}}
Throughout this paper, the base field for algebraic varieties is ${\bf C}$. Let ${\bf
P}^4$ be the $4$--dimensional complex projective space and $G(2,4)$ the
Grassmannian of planes in ${\bf P}^4$. We will consider flat families of planes in
${\bf P}^4$... |
1,941,325,219,583 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Chemotaxis describes the oriented movement of species stimulated by uneven distribution of a chemical substance in the environment.
It is a significant mechanism accounting for abundant biological process/phenomenon, such as aggregation of bacteria \cite{Murray1, TLM2}, slime mould formation \c... |
1,941,325,219,584 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:introduction}
A \emph{Beatty sequence} is a sequence of the form
$B_{\alpha}=\seq{\fl{n/\alpha}}$, where
$0<\alpha<1$ is a real number\footnote{We
are using the notation $\fl{n/\alpha}$
instead of the more common notation $\fl{\alpha n}$ for the $n$th term of
a Beatty sequence. Thi... |
1,941,325,219,585 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
The discovery of a 125 GeV scalar boson~\cite{:2012gk,:2012gu} marks a
milestone in our understanding of the mechanism of electroweak (EW)
symmetry-breaking. In order to unambiguously decipher the role exactly
played by the corresponding scalar field in breaking the EW symmetry,... |
1,941,325,219,586 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Learning from label proportions (LLP) is an important weakly supervised classification problem with only the label proportions in grouped data available.
Still, training LLP aims to obtain an instance-level classifier for the new-come inputs.
Successfully resolving LLP problems greatly contribut... |
1,941,325,219,587 | arxiv |
\section{Introduction}
This paper considers a problem of ecological inference. We suppose independent binary variables $Y_{ij}$ follow a logistic regression model in which $p_{ij} := \Pr(Y_{ij}=1\mid \boldsymbol{x}_{ij}) = \sigma(\boldsymbol{x}_{ij}^\mathsf{T}\beta)$ where $\sigma(z) = (1+\exp(-z))^{-1}$.
We would li... |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.