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1,116,691,498,615 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The production of a photon (or an isolated photon) in association with
hadrons in $e^+e^-$ annihilation is a useful process to learn about the
differences in the properties of $q$$\bar{q}$$\gamma$ and $q$$\bar{q}$$g$\ final
states, to measure the parton-photon fragmentation function and to test
... |
1,116,691,498,616 | arxiv | \section{Introduction\label{section:intro}}
The magnetic fields in spiral galaxies are an important component, but
their basic three dimensional topology remains largely unknown. Two
of their main characteristics are however, known. First, the fields in relatively
face-on spiral galaxies are seen to follow the spiral ... |
1,116,691,498,617 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
Recent years have witnessed a great success of Deep Learning with deep Convolutional Networks (ConvNets)~\cite{lecun1989backpropagation, krizhevsky2012imagenet} in several visual tasks. Originally mainly used for image classification~\cite{krizhevsky2012imagenet, simonyan2015ve... |
1,116,691,498,618 | arxiv | \section{\bigskip Introduction}
Clique-width is, like tree-width, an integer graph invariant that is an
appropriate parameter for the contruction of many fixed-parameter
tractable\ algorithms ([4, 6, 7, 11]). It is thus important to know that the
graphs of a particular type have bounded tree-width or clique-width... |
1,116,691,498,619 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
In statistical mechanics, the term {\em phase transition} originally refers to the emergence of multiple Gibbs states for the Hamiltonian associated with a collective system \cite{R69}, most notably accompanied with symmetry breaking, as in the Ising model. While this notion has been formulated f... |
1,116,691,498,620 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
We consider fixed points of the Feigenbaum (periodic-doubling)
operator~\cite{feig2} whose orders tend to infinity.
It has been shown in~\cite{LSw2},~\cite{LSw3}, that the hyperbolic
dimension of their Julia sets go to $2$. In this paper we prove that
the Lebesgue measure (area) of these Julia ... |
1,116,691,498,621 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{sec_01}
Let us start with a work out example to explain a motivation to consider the simultaneous linearization theorem.
\paragraph{Cauliflowers.}
In the family of quadratic maps, the simplest parabolic fixed point is given by $g(w)=w+w^2$. (Whose Julia set is called the \textit{cauliflow... |
1,116,691,498,622 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
One of the most important questions that cosmology faces today is the origin of structure in the universe. The generally accepted paradigm is that of inflation~\cite{Infl1,Infl2,Infl3,Infl4} which
produces small adiabatic perturbations that evolve into the observed structure. The inflationar... |
1,116,691,498,623 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Blazars are the class of radio loud active galactic nuclei (AGNs), with relativistic jets oriented close to the observer's line of sight \citep{1995PASP..107..803U}. The non-thermal emission from blazars extends from radio to $\gamma$-ray energies. Blazars are characterized by their extreme ... |
1,116,691,498,624 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Recently, much effort has been devoted to understanding, mapping, and modeling
large-scale human and animal trajectories~\cite{BrockmannA,Gonzalez,Viswanathan,Sims, Benichou3,Benichou2,Rhee,Koren,BrockmannB,Fedreschi,Lee,BrockmannC}. Examples include models that describe agents searching a space ... |
1,116,691,498,625 | arxiv | \subsubsection*{\small Article Type:}
Overview
\hfill \break
\subsubsection*{Abstract}
\begin{flushleft}
AI-based systems are widely employed nowadays to make decisions that have far-reaching impacts on individuals and society. Their decisions might affect everyone, everywhere and anytime,
entailing concerns about... |
1,116,691,498,626 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Through the recent discovery of the Higgs particle the Standard Model (SM)
of strong and electroweak interactions is now complete, with the masses of
all its particles being below $200\, {\rm GeV}$, corresponding to scales above one
Attometer ($10^{-18}~{\rm m}$). With the help of the Large Ha... |
1,116,691,498,627 | arxiv | \section{\label{sec:intro}Introduction}
Physics educators have investigated student learning in introductory physics over the last three decades \cite{McDermott:1999tz,Meltzer:2012eg}. These investigations were driven in part by data collected from research-based assessment instruments such as the Force Concept Invent... |
1,116,691,498,628 | arxiv | \section{Semi-linear Poisson Mediated Flocking}
\label{Sec:BVP}
\subsection{Conversion to a system of PDEs}
We think of the function $\psi$ as a Green's function, i.e.,
as the impulse response of a linear differential equation,
represented by the operator $\mathcal{L}_x$,
such that
\begin{equation}
\mathcal{L}... |
1,116,691,498,629 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The experimental achievement of Bose-Einstein condensation (BEC) of atomic chromium \cite{PhysRevLett.94.160401}, which has a magnetic moment
of $m=6\mu_{\rm B}$, where $\mu_{\rm B}$ stands for the Bohr magneton, and the subsequent detection of the long-range and anisotropic dipole-dipole
in... |
1,116,691,498,630 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
The standard description of quantum mechanics considers the time-evolution of isolated quantum systems whose unitary dynamics are governed by the Schr\"{o}dinger equation. Measurement is treated as an instantaneous non-unitary process through which a quantum system is projec... |
1,116,691,498,631 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
An orientation of a graph is {\em semi-transitive} if it is acyclic, and for any directed path $v_0\rightarrow v_1\rightarrow \cdots \rightarrow v_k$ either there is no arc between $v_0$ and $v_k$, or $v_i\rightarrow v_j$ is an arc for all $0\leq i<j\leq k$. An undirected graph is {\em semi-trans... |
1,116,691,498,632 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Understanding the effects of electron correlation and pseudogap
phenomena
~\cite{RVB,Nature,Timusk,Marshall,Kivelson_Review,Andrea} in doped
oxides, including the cuprate superconductors is one of the most
challenging problems in condensed matter physics~\cite{Anderson}.
Although the experimental... |
1,116,691,498,633 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:introduction}
Most people have experienced at least once the annoying high-pitched sound that chalk may produce when pressed against a blackboard.
As it is now well known \cite{CHAMPNEYS2016}, the sound is the result of fast vibrations of the piece of chalk that quickly and repeatedly... |
1,116,691,498,634 | arxiv | \section{Din\'{a}mica medible y topol\'{o}gica}
Usaremos definiciones, notaci\'{o}n y algunos resultados b\'{a}sicos de teor\'{\i}a de la medida abs\-tracta y de la topolog\'{\i}a en espacios m\'{e}tricos compactos, cuyos enunciados y demostraciones se pueden encontrar por ejemplo en \cite{Folland}, \cite{Rudin} o ... |
1,116,691,498,635 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The direct production of $W^{\pm}/Z$ bosons in association with jets is a process of
crucial importance at hadron collider experiments. The presence of a vector boson in the
hard scatter means that these interactions occur at a scale that should make perturbative
QCD applicable, and thus it i... |
1,116,691,498,636 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\subsection{Statement of results}
We consider the nonlinear wave equation (NLW), on $\mathbb{T}^d$ for $d=2$ and $d=3$. This is the following equation for an unknown function $u:\mathbb{T}^d\times \mathbb{R}\rightarrow \mathbb{R}$:
\begin{equation}\label{eqn: pre-NLW}
\begin{cases}
\partial^2_tu-... |
1,116,691,498,637 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
For a positive integer $N$, let $\Gamma_1(N)$ be the subgroup of $\rit{SL}_2(\mathbf Z)$ defined by
\[
\Gamma_1(N)=\left\{\left. \begin{pmatrix} a & b \\ c & d \end{pmatrix}\in \rit{SL}_2(\mathbf Z)~\right |~ a-1\equiv c \equiv 0 \mod N \right\}.
\]
We denote by $A_1(N)$ the modular functio... |
1,116,691,498,638 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\setcounter{equation}{0}
A map $f:(X,d_X)\to(Y,d_Y)$ between two metric spaces $(X,d_X)$ and $(Y,d_Y)$ is said to have distortion at most $D$ if there exists a constant $C>0$ such that
\[
Cd_X(x_1,x_2)\le d_Y(f(x_1),f(x_2))\le CDd_X(x_1,x_2),\quad \forall x_1,x_2\in X.
\]
For $0<\varepsilon... |
1,116,691,498,639 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Let $G\leq \GL(d,\mathbb{Z})$ be a finite group.
We consider orbit polytopes
$\conv(Gz)$ of integral vectors $z\in \mathbb{Z}^d$,
that is, the convex hull of an orbit of a point
$z$ with integer coordinates.
We call $z$ a \emph{core point} for $G$ when
the vertices are the only integral vectors... |
1,116,691,498,640 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
This year 2014 is the fiftieth anniversary of Kondo's \cite{K8} seminal paper
"Resistance minimum in Dilute Magnetic Alloys" and the fortieth anniversary of
Wilson's \cite{W18} renormalization paper about the Kondo effect. For 50 years
the Kondo effect has been investigated with the most so... |
1,116,691,498,641 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
A successful description of multiparticle production
based on perturbative QCD has been established for "hard"
processes which are initiated by an interaction of
elementary quanta (quarks, leptons, gauge bosons, ...) at large momentum
transfers $Q^2\gg\Lambda^2$, whereby the
characteristic scal... |
1,116,691,498,642 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
In logic design, one typically extends the Boolean domain $\{0,
1\}$ with a third value denoted by `$u$' to indicate the presence
of unstable voltage levels. In other words, it indicates that the value
of a Boolean variable is \emph{unknown}. Useful computation can be performed... |
1,116,691,498,643 | arxiv | \section{Probing Cosmic Dawn}\label{sec1}
Understanding the early Universe, when the first stars and galaxies formed, is one of the major science goals of a number of new observatories. The recently launched JWST will directly image these early galaxies in deep near-infrared surveys. Its increased sensitivity, in comp... |
1,116,691,498,644 | arxiv | \section{\normalsize{Introduction}}
\label{sec:introduction}
Real data often contain outliers,
which can create serious problems when analyzing
it. Many methods have been developed to deal with
outliers, often by constructing a fit that is robust to
them and then detecting the outliers by their large
dev... |
1,116,691,498,645 | arxiv |
\section*{Appendix}\label{ap:AppA}}{\section{}\label{ap:AppA}}
We provide results that are used throughout the paper and all the
omitted proofs. The following result is useful in bounding the eigenvalues of the linear
Newton approximation of $F_\gamma$, and is required by Theorem~\ref{th:ProxPropQuad} and Proposition~... |
1,116,691,498,646 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The technique of employing Imaging Air Cherenkov Telescopes (IACTs) has been
successfully used for ground based gamma-ray astronomy for about
two decades, revealing more than 70 sources in the course of this
period. The successful race started with the discovery of the first
TeV gamma-ray sign... |
1,116,691,498,647 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\thispagestyle{empty}
\let\thefootnote\relax\footnotetext{This project has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant agreement No. 754475). The author also acknowledges the support of ISF grant 871... |
1,116,691,498,648 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
In the past few years, the on-surface synthesis of carbon-based nanoarchitectures out of single building-block precursors has attracted great attention \cite{Franc2011,Fan2015,Robert2015,Talirz2016,Nacci2016,Shen2017}. Recent advances in this active field are the synthesis of atomically precis... |
1,116,691,498,649 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Let $F\in\Diff\Cd n$ be a germ of a holomorphic diffeomorphism. A {\em stable set} of $F$ is a subset $B\subset V$ of an open neighborhood $V$ of $0$ where $F$ is defined, which is invariant, i.e. $F(B)\subset B$, and such that the orbit of each point of $B$ converges to $0$. If $B$ is an analyt... |
1,116,691,498,650 | arxiv | \section{Conclusions}
\label{sec:discussion}
Egocentric pose estimation is challenging due to self-occlusions and distorted views. To address these challenges, we design a spatio-temporal transformer-based 3D HPE model powered by learnable parameters --- the \emph{feature map tokens} --- which can help achieve spatio... |
1,116,691,498,651 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Although fractals are characterized by high visual complexity, their information content is low: they can be easily generated via simple, recursive algorithms. B. Mandelbrot elaborated on the fractal self-similar geometry and their mathematical notation in his books \cite{mandelbrot1975objets, m... |
1,116,691,498,652 | arxiv | \section*{Abstract (Not appropriate in this style!)}%
\else \small
\begin{center}{\bf Abstract\vspace{-.5em}\vspace{\z@}}\end{center}%
\quotation
\fi
}%
}{%
}%
\@ifundefined{endabstract}{\def\endabstract
{\if@twocolumn\else\endquotation\fi}}{}%
\@ifundefined{maketitle}{\def\maketitle#1{}}{}%
\@ifund... |
1,116,691,498,653 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Active optical fibres are becoming more and more important in the
field of detection and measurement of ionising radiation and
particles. Light is generated inside the fibre either through
interaction with the incident radiation (scintillating fibres) or
through absorption of primary light (wavel... |
1,116,691,498,654 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
An elastic beam on a foundation is a model that can be found in a
broad range of applications: railway tracks, buried pipelines,
sandwich panels, coated solids in material, network beams, floating
structures... The usual way to model the interaction between the
beam and the foundation is to repl... |
1,116,691,498,655 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Gravity-darkening is an important piece of the stellar structure and evolution
that has been studied for almost a hundred years (von Zeipel 1924). Gravity-darkening
exponents (GDE) are key tools for analysing light curves of eclipsing binaries or
in isolated rotating stars through long-... |
1,116,691,498,656 | arxiv | \section{methods}
\subsection{Experimental setup}
The experiment consists of a standard cQED setup~\cite{Armen09,Mabu96} utilizing laser cooled $^{133}$Cs atoms and a high-finesse Fabry-Perot optical resonator. We attempt to drive only the $(6S_{1/2},F=4,m_F=+4)\rightarrow(6P_{3/2},F=5,m_F=+5)$ atomic cycling transitio... |
1,116,691,498,657 | arxiv | \section*{References}
|
1,116,691,498,658 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\begin{figure}[t!]
\centering
\includegraphics[width=1\columnwidth]{images/lagrange.pdf}
\caption{The architecture of the proposed prediction-driven optimization framework to maximize the market influence of air carrier $C_k$. Note that the pre-trained neural network-based market share predictio... |
1,116,691,498,659 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
Recent work has revived ideas from the late 1980's and early 1990's \cite{Coleman:1988cy,Giddings:1988cx,Giddings:1988wv,Polchinski:1994zs} (based in turn on the earlier refs. \cite{Hawking:1987mz,Giddings:1987cg,Lavrelashvili:1987jg,Hawking:1988ae}) suggesting that spacetime ... |
1,116,691,498,660 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
Quantum field theories with a topological term (``$\theta$-term'') in
the action have proved to be particularly challenging to
investigate. Such theories are related to a few important open
problems in theoretical physics, including the so-called ``strong $CP$
problem'' in stro... |
1,116,691,498,661 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Entanglement is a quantum measurement with non-local property, which plays an important role in quantum information. Let's consider a quantum system which can be divided into two parts, $A$ and $B$, such that the total Hilbert space is a direct product of these two subsystems as $H_\mathrm{tot} =... |
1,116,691,498,662 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Variational Inference (VI) \citep{Jordan1999, wainwright_jordan_2014} is a powerful method to approximate intractable integrals. As an alternative strategy to Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) sampling, VI is fast, relatively straightforward for monitoring convergence and typically easier to scale ... |
1,116,691,498,663 | arxiv | \section{INTRODUCTION}
Star clusters are considered as important tracers for understanding the formation and evolution of their host galaxies \citep{san10}. Star cluster systems have been traditionally separated into two populations--globular clusters and open clusters (GCs and OCs)--on their ages, masses, metallicitie... |
1,116,691,498,664 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The increasing amount of data generated by recent applications of distributed systems such as social media, sensor networks, and cloud-based databases has brought considerable attention to distributed data processing approaches, in particular the design of distributed algorithms that take into a... |
1,116,691,498,665 | arxiv | \subsubsection*{Acknowledgements}
We thank V.~Domcke, E.~Kiritsis and D.~Langlois for their valuable comments and for very useful and helpful discussions. M.P. would like to thank the Niels Bohr Institute and Paris Center for Cosmological Physics for hospitality at various stages of this work.
J.M. is supported by Pri... |
1,116,691,498,666 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
There are many topics of great importance and interest in the areas of modeling and inverse problems which are properly viewed as essential in the use of mathematics and statistics in scientific inquiries. A brief, noninclusive list of topics include the use of traditional sensitivity functions (... |
1,116,691,498,667 | arxiv | \subsection*{Organization of the paper}
In Section~\ref{lattices} we study bimodular lattices and their short characteristic covectors.
In Section~\ref{obstruction} we describe an obstruction for a rational homology sphere $Y$ with $H_1(Y)\cong \mathbb{Z}/2\mathbb{Z}$ to bound a definite 4-manifold.
In Section~\ref{exa... |
1,116,691,498,668 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
We consider the numerical solution of the following non-linear programming (NLP) problem for local minimizers:
\begin{subequations}
\begin{align}
&\min_{\textbf{x}\xspace \in \mathbb{R}\xspace^n} & f(\textbf{x}\xspace)& \\
&\text{s.t.} & c(\textbf{x}\xspace)&=\textbf{0}\xspace\,, \\
& ... |
1,116,691,498,669 | arxiv | \section{Acknowledgements}
This work was supported in part by Polish Science Council
grant KBN 2 P301 050 07.
|
1,116,691,498,670 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
To understand the nature and constrain the Equation of State (EOS) of super-dense neutron-rich nuclear matter has been a major science goal shared by many astrophysical observations and terrestrial nuclear experiments, see, e.g., refs. \citep{Danielewicz02,LCK08,Lattimer16,Watts16,Oertel17,Ozel1... |
1,116,691,498,671 | arxiv | \section{Introduction, main results, and proof ideas}
The Kardar-Parisi-Zhang (KPZ) universality class consists of a large variety of models, all of which are believed to exhibit certain universal behaviors; for example, common scaling limits. Most progress in this area has been in the setting of certain models that... |
1,116,691,498,672 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
One of the most striking consequences of Nevanlinna's theory
was his ``five values'' theorem, which says that if $f$ and
$g$ are non-constant meromorphic functions on ${\Bbb C}$ such that
$f^{-1}(a_i)=g^{-1}(a_i)$ for five distinct points $a_i$ in the
extended complex plane, then $f=g$. This th... |
1,116,691,498,673 | arxiv |
\section{Introduction}
\label{sec:introduction}
\emph{Type theory} and \emph{higher category theory} are closely
related: dependent type theories with intensional identity types
provide a syntactic way of reasoning about
\((\infty,1)\)-categories. This is known as the family of
\emph{internal language conjectures} a... |
1,116,691,498,674 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The study of the interaction between light and matter has been extremely prolific, leading to the invention of novel techniques that have had a profound impact in many different fields. In particular, the use of light to exert forces and torques on microscopic and nanoscopic particles has blosso... |
1,116,691,498,675 | arxiv | \section{Introduction \label{sec:introduction}}
\Glspl{rtil} are a fascinating class of amorphous materials with many practical applications\cite{2015-Hayes-CR-115-6357,MacFarlane2014Rev}, such as lubrication in space applications and other low-pressure environments\cite{Haskins2016}. As in high temperature molten sal... |
1,116,691,498,676 | arxiv | \section{Introduction} \label{sec:intro}
Large-scale surveys of molecular clouds in the Milky Way revealed that the major part of molecular clouds is accumulated into cloud complexes called giant molecular clouds (GMCs) \citep{1985ApJ...295..422C,1987ApJ...322..706D,1998ApJS..115..241H,2001ApJ...547..792D,2006ApJS..16... |
1,116,691,498,677 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{intro}
The vast availability of integer-valued data, emerging from several real world applications, has
motivated the growth of a large literature for modelling and inference for count time series processes.
For comprehensive surveys, see \cite{fok2002}, \cite{Davisetal(2016)} a... |
1,116,691,498,678 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
In view of the development of autonomous underwater vehicles, the capability of such vehicles to interact with the environment by the use of a robot manipulator, had gained attention in the literature. Most of the underwater manipulation tasks, such as maintenance of ships, underwater pipeline o... |
1,116,691,498,679 | arxiv |
\section{First principles methods}
\subsection{DFT+HI}
In order to evaluate the effective Hamiltonian from first principles, we start by calculating the electronic structure of paramagnetic Ba$_2M$OsO$_6$ with the DFT+dynamical mean-field theory(DMFT) method. Local correlations on the whole Os 5$d$ shell are treated... |
1,116,691,498,680 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The appearance of the gap in the quasiparticle spectrum has been identified as a key feature of the superconducting state of matter since the early days of the field and the formulation of the foundational BCS theory of the superconducting phenomenon. \cite{schrieffer} It has also been long kn... |
1,116,691,498,681 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Global conservation laws give rise to superselection rules (SSRs) which forbid the observation of coherences between
particular subspaces of states \cite{WWW,AhaSus}. Such global laws do not apply in subsystems
\cite{AhaSus,KitMayPre}. For example, the angular momentum of an object can be changed... |
1,116,691,498,682 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{section:introduction}
Galaxy formation presents some of the most important and challenging
problems in modern astrophysics. A basic paradigm for the
dissipational formation of galaxies from primordial fluctuations in
the density field has been developed
\citep[e.g.][]{white1978a,blumen... |
1,116,691,498,683 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
In many statistical questions related to multivariate dependence, a crucial role is played by the copula function.
A basic nonparametric copula estimator is the empirical copula,
dating back to \cite{Rus76, Deh79} and defined as the empirical distribution function of the vectors of component-w... |
1,116,691,498,684 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
We consider finite simple graphs $G$ with vertex set $V(G)$ and edge set $E(G)$.
The vertex-degree of $v \in V(G)$ is denoted by $d_G(v)$, and $\Delta(G)$ denotes the maximum vertex-degree of $G$.
If it is clear from the context, then $\Delta$ is frequently used.
A graph is planar if it is embed... |
1,116,691,498,685 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
\noindent Language, reflecting users' psychology, has been used as an effective tool to understand and predict mental health conditions (i.e., \citealp{de2013predicting}). While language analyses widely utilize social media platforms, like Facebook~\cite{eichstaedt2018facebook... |
1,116,691,498,686 | arxiv |
\section{Introduction}
Object detection in aerial images is one of the most fundamental yet challenging research topics in the community of computer vision~\cite{zhang2020feature, zhang2019positional}. As many image recognition techniques~\cite{ye2021multiview, fu2020learning, ye2019nonpeaked}, it is the task of recog... |
1,116,691,498,687 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The amazing physical properties of graphene\cite{novo04} have triggered the search for structures with superior performance among the graphene allotropes. One of their families, the graphynes, results from insertion of acetylenic groups $-$C$\equiv$C$-$ into carbon-carbon bonds of graphene, wh... |
1,116,691,498,688 | arxiv |
\section{Introduction}\label{Introduction}
Learning on Graphs (LoG) in multi-client systems has extensive applications such as Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) for recommendation \citep{fan2019graph, ge2020graph, wang2020global, wu2021fedgnn}, finance \citep{wang2019semi, liu2018heterogeneous}, and traffic \citep{y... |
1,116,691,498,689 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
A word $w$ of \emph{length} $|w|$=$r$ over an alphabet $\mathbb{A}$ is a
sequence $w_1\dots w_r$ of $r$ letters, i.e. $r$ elements of $\mathbb{A}$.
A \textit{prefix} of a word $w = w_1\dots w_r$
is a word $p = w_1\dots w_s$, for some $s \le r$.
A \emph{repetition} in a word $w$ is a pair... |
1,116,691,498,690 | arxiv |
\section{Novel Prediction-Aware Online Algorithm}
\label{sec:CHASE-pp}
\subsection{Intuitions}
Consider the first and second type-1 critical segments in Fig.~\ref{fig:An-example-of-CHASE}. For both of these segments the previous algorithm \textsf{CHASElk($w$)} detects the segment type at $t=\tilde{T_{1}^{c}}-w$ and $t... |
1,116,691,498,691 | arxiv | \section{\label{sec:level0}Introduction}
For more than 70 years the behaviour of rotating superfluids have been of considerable experimental and theoretical interest to several generations of physicists. Initially, it was recognized by Onsager~\cite{nuovocimento_6_supp2_279-287_1949} and Feynman~\cite{proglowtempphys_1... |
1,116,691,498,692 | arxiv | \section{LL BFKL}
In the limit of center-of-mass energy much greater than
the momentum transfer, $\hat s\gg|\hat t|$, any scattering process is dominated
by gluon exchange in the cross channel. Building upon this fact,
the BFKL theory~\cite{bal} models
strong-interaction processes with two large and disparate scales,
... |
1,116,691,498,693 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Nowadays it is generally accepted that a huge number of real processes arising in physics, biology, chemistry, etc. can be described by nonlinear PDEs. And the most powerful methods for costruction of exact solutions for a wide ranges of nonlinear PDEs are symmetry-based methods, and these method... |
1,116,691,498,694 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The development of small electronic storage devices has been going on for years and
the possibility to store information in magnetic nanostructures is an active topic of research.
Using exchange coupling between atomic spins, a recent experiment has shown that information
can in principle be s... |
1,116,691,498,695 | arxiv | \section{\textsf{Introduction}}
In a semi-Riemannian manifold the Ricci-Yamabe soliton is defined by
\begin{equation}\label{1.1}
\pounds_V g + (2\lambda-\beta r)g + 2\alpha S = 0,
\end{equation}
$\pounds$ denotes the Lie-derivative, $S$ is the Ricci tensor, $r$ being the scalar curvature and $\lambda, \alpha,\beta \... |
1,116,691,498,696 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{sec:intro}
Since the discovery of the Higgs boson~\cite{Aad_2012,Chatrchyan_2012,CMS:2013btf} at the LHC, an extensive program of measurements~\cite{PDG2020} has been undertaken to determine its properties and couplings to different types of particles and to assess whether these properties... |
1,116,691,498,697 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Multi-agent systems have attracted widespread attention in recent years because of their better flexibility, good scalability, and excellent computing performance\cite{Bullo F}. Consensus is one of the most common tasks in multi-agent systems \cite{LiuQ} with applications in distributed estima... |
1,116,691,498,698 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
6-mercaptopurine (6-MP) is one of the important chemotherapy drugs used for treating acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL). It belongs to the class of medications called purine antagonists and works by stopping the growth of cancer cells. 6-MP undergoes extensive metabolic intracellular transformat... |
1,116,691,498,699 | arxiv | \section{Introduction\label{Sec:1}}
This paper investigates connections between fractional viscoelasticity, fractional wave equations, causal models, and power-law attenuation within the framework of elastic wave modeling.
Paying extra attention to medical imaging applications, we intend to convey to the fractional ... |
1,116,691,498,700 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\ExecuteMetaData[sections/introduction.tex]{tag}
\section{Methodology}
\ExecuteMetaData[sections/methodology.tex]{tag}
\section{Numerical Results and Analysis}
\ExecuteMetaData[sections/results.tex]{tag}
\section{Conclusion and Future Work}
\ExecuteMetaData[sections/conclusions.tex]{tag}
\sect... |
1,116,691,498,701 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Single scalar field inflationary models have solid predictions for the scalar and the tensor power spectra, and the amount of non-gaussianity produced by the interactions. These observable quantities are fixed by a few parameters like the slow-roll parameter of the potential. Moreover, in these... |
1,116,691,498,702 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Modern comparative effectiveness research (CER) questions often require comparing the effectiveness of multiple treatments on a binary outcome \citep{hu2020estimation}. To answer these CER questions, specialized causal inference methods are needed. Methods appropriate for drawing causal inferenc... |
1,116,691,498,703 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{intro}
The realm of topological field theories can be divided, according to Witten
\cite{witten}, in two broad classes:
the {\sl cohomological, or semiclassical theories}, whose
prototypes are either the
topological Yang-Mills theory \cite{wittenym} or the
topological $\sigma$-model \cite... |
1,116,691,498,704 | arxiv | \section{INTRODUCTION} \label{s:intro}
The X-shaped radio galaxy (XRG) population has been the subject of several recent works that have sought to understand the formation mechanism for the non-classical symmetric double lobed radio sources that have peculiar off-axis extended radio structures. The two main contending... |
1,116,691,498,705 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sect:intro}
The efficiency of a gamma-ray burst (GRB) $\eta$ has aroused great
interests in the theoretical studies \citep{Meszaros1993, Xu2004},
because it firmly links with the total energy of the central engine
ejected. The energy of the gamma rays is almost standard energy with
about ... |
1,116,691,498,706 | arxiv |
\section{Introduction}
In this work we look at Byzantine consensus in asynchronous systems under the \emph{local broadcast} model.
In the \emph{local broadcast} model \cite{Bhandari:2005:RBR:1073814.1073841, Koo:2004:BRN:1011767.1011807}, a message sent by any node is received identically by \emph{all of its neigh... |
1,116,691,498,707 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\begin{figure*}[bhpt]
\begin{tabbing}
\includegraphics[viewport=50 40 500 800,angle=270,width=6.6cm,clip]{Fig_1a.png}\hfill
\includegraphics[viewport=50 110 500 800,angle=270,width=6.0cm,clip]{Fig_1b.png}\hfill
\includegraphics[viewport=50 110 500 800,angle=270,width=6.0cm,clip]{Fig_1c.png}\hfi... |
1,116,691,498,708 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec_intro}
Microfluidic systems have been shown to be very useful
for continuous manipulation and separation of microparticles with increased control and sensitivity, which is important for a wide range
of applications in chemistry, biology, and medicine. Traditional microfluidic techniqu... |
1,116,691,498,709 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec::Introduction}
The CMS detector is a general-purpose detector at the LHC at CERN~\cite{CMS_exp}. The task of the CMS Tracker \cite{Tracker1} is to measure the trajectories of charged particles with high accuracy and reconstruction efficiency \cite{Tracker3}.
The pixel detector is cons... |
1,116,691,498,710 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
The encapsulation of a set of functionalities as services of a software module offers
strong advantages in software development, since it promotes the reuse of code and
ease maintenance efforts.
If a programmer is unacquainted with the implementation details of a particular
set ... |
1,116,691,498,711 | arxiv | \section*{Background}
Proteins contain one or more domains each of which
could have evolved independently from the rest of the protein structure
and which could have unique functions \cite{Domain2011a,Domain2011b}.
Because of molecular evolution,
proteins with similar sequences often share similar folds and stru... |
1,116,691,498,712 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{sec:intro}
The India-based Neutrino Observatory (INO)~\cite{ino} is a mega science project aimed at building a large underground laboratory to study the atmospheric neutrinos. The observatory will be a multi-experiment facility with Iron CALorimeter (ICAL) detector as one of the experiments... |
1,116,691,498,713 | arxiv | \section{Properties of the operators $\{\Pi_{\mu}\}$}
Here we show that the operators in Eq.~\eqref{eq:pilambda} are mutually orthogonal projectors that add up to identity. To this end we use the \emph{grand orthogonality theorem} (a consequence of Schur's lemma) of representation theory.
\begin{theorem}[Grand orthogo... |
1,116,691,498,714 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sect_intro}
The Large Area Telescope (LAT) on board the \emph{Fermi $\gamma$-ray Space Telescope} (\emph{Fermi}: \citealt{atwood09}) has increased the number of observed solar flares with photon emission above 100 MeV by an order of magnitude compared to all previous instruments \citep{sh... |
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