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1,116,691,500,015 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\subsection*{State of the art}
Let us begin with recalling the following notion.
\begin{defi}[Admissible tuples] Fix a positive integer $k$. For each $i=1, \dots , k$ fix integers $A_i$, $B_i$, such that $A_i >0$, and let $L_i \colon \mathbf{Z}^+ \rightarrow \mathbf{Z}$ be a functio... |
1,116,691,500,016 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Human action recognition (HAR) plays an important role in video surveillance, health care and human computer interaction(HCI) \citep{chernbumroong2014practical}. One goal of HAR is to provide the information about the user's actions with the help of a computer. The information can be widely a... |
1,116,691,500,017 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{section:intro}
The classical \emph{Torelli Theorem}, in its cohomological form, can be stated as follows:
\begin{theorem*}
Let $X$ be a smooth compact complex curve.
Then the isomorphism type of $X$ is determined by the singular cohomology group $\H^1(X,\mathbb{Z})$, endowed with its... |
1,116,691,500,018 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
In this paper we demonstrate the feasibility of
QCD sum rule calculations \cite{sr} for CP-odd
electromagnetic observables induced by
the QCD vacuum angle $\theta$. This parameter labels different
super-selection sectors for the QCD vacuum, and enters in front of the
additional term in the QC... |
1,116,691,500,019 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{c1}
Consider an evolution of two liquid bridges $LB_i$ and $LB_m$ of immiscible
liquids, {\em i} (inner) and {\em m} (intermediate), trapped between two
axisymmetric smooth solid bodies with surfaces $S_1,S_2$ in such a way that
$LB_i$ is immersed into $LB_m$ and the latter is immersed ... |
1,116,691,500,020 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The copulas describe the dependence between random vector components.
Unlike marginal and joint distributions that are clearly observable, the copula of a random vector is a hidden dependence
structure that connects the joint distribution with its margins.
The copula parameter captures the inhe... |
1,116,691,500,021 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
At coronal temperatures, the Sun can be distinctly categorised into several different
regions, such as Active Regions (ARs), Quiet Sun (QS) and Coronal Holes (CH).
At transition region (TR) temperatures, the structures appear almost the same in the QS and CH. Such structures are organised in a... |
1,116,691,500,022 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
In 2021, the attrition rate of employees in the global workforce
reached record highs in an economic trend that became known as the Great Resignation\footnote{\url{https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2021-05-10/quit-your-job-how-to-resign-after-covid-pandemic}}. The COVID-19 pandemic had ca... |
1,116,691,500,023 | arxiv |
\section{Introduction}
\IEEEPARstart{L}{ow}-density parity-check (LDPC) codes -- first discovered by Gallager \cite{Gallag2} and rediscovered by Spielman \textit{et al.} \cite{spil} and MacKay \textit{et al.} \cite{mackay1}, \cite{mackay2} -- due to their outstanding performance have attracted much int... |
1,116,691,500,024 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sect:intro}
Gaia, ESA's 1-billion star astrometric space mission \citep{Gaia1} set out in late 2013 to revolutionise (among many other fields of astronomy) our understanding of
the kinematics, the structure and evolution of our Galaxy. On September 14, 2016, the Gaia consortium published t... |
1,116,691,500,025 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The majority of massive stars in the Galactic field is found to be confined in hierarchical triples in which a close inner binary is orbited by a distant outer companion \citep[][]{2017ApJS..230...15M,2015AJ....149...26A,2014ApJS..215...15S,2012Sci...337..444S}. Observations suggest that the trip... |
1,116,691,500,026 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Quantum nonlinear optics -- a quantum interpretation of nonlinear interactions of light at single photon level \cite{Ref1,Ref2,Ref3} -- offers a stunning platform to practically demonstrate information process with quantum computation \cite{Ref4,Ref5,Ref6}. To demonstrate such controlled nonlinea... |
1,116,691,500,027 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
In this paper we consider time discretizations of the two-dimensional Euler equation for perfect incompressible fluids, written in vorticity form, and with periodic boundary conditions. The discretization in time will use Crouch-Grossman integrator. The reader will find details on these integrat... |
1,116,691,500,028 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sect:Intro}
Cohomogeneity one actions are known to be useful for the construction of geometric structures on manifolds, e.g.\ metrics with special holonomies, or for calculating explicit solutions of certain systems of partial differential equations, e.g.\ the Einstein equations. In ... |
1,116,691,500,029 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The first categorical characterisation of Lie algebras among all varieties of non-associative algebras appeared in~\cite{MR3872845}, via the admissibility of algebraic exponents in the sense of Gray~\cite{MR2925888,MR2990906}. More precisely, the variety of Lie algebras is the unique non-trivial... |
1,116,691,500,030 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
Galaxy biasing is both a challenge and an opportunity.
On the one hand, it complicates the relation between the observed statistics of galaxies\footnote{Everything we say in this paper applies to arbitrary tracers of the dark matter density, even if we continue to refer to ``ga... |
1,116,691,500,031 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The central quantity of density functional theory
\cite{HohenbergKohn:64,KohnSham:65}, the exchange-correlation energy $E_{xc}$,
is a unique (though unknown) functional of the electron density. Popular
approximations such as the local density approximation (LDA) and generalized
gradient appr... |
1,116,691,500,032 | arxiv | \section*{Introduction}
The notion of Frobenius algebra occupies a quite outstanding role in module theory and in some parts of representation theory. More specifically a Frobenius algebra can be obtained as a finite-dimensional associative algebra $A$ over a field $k$, together with a nondegenerate bilinear form $\al... |
1,116,691,500,033 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Knowledge of the equation of state is crucially important in materials science and engineering, metallurgy, geophysics, and planetary sciences. However, equilibrium coexistence of phases during a pressure-induced martensitic transformation is extremely difficult to realize experimentally, and mos... |
1,116,691,500,034 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Vocal fatigue is a common phenomenon among teachers \cite{Gotaas1993teacher}, singers and actors \cite{Benninger2010}, as well as call center agents \cite{LEHTO2008callcenter}.
Even though there is no universally accepted definition, it has been commonly described as the feeling of tiredness and... |
1,116,691,500,035 | arxiv | \section{#1} \setcounter{equation}{0} }
\newcommand{\partial \! \! \! /}{\partial \! \! \! /}
\newcommand{x \! \! \! /}{x \! \! \! /}
\newcommand{y \! \! \! /}{y \! \! \! /}
\newcommand{z \! \! \! /}{z \! \! \! /}
\newcommand{\mbox{\small{$\frac{1}{2}$}}}{\mbox{\small{$\frac{1}{2}$}}}
\newcommand{\mbox{\small{$\frac{1}... |
1,116,691,500,036 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The crucial ingredient of the AdS/CFT regime of string theory is that it provides a concrete set-up where it is possible to handle (some) non-perturbative effects featuring the gravitational interaction at its quantum phase \cite{Maldacena:1997re,Witten:1998qj}. In particular, the possibility of... |
1,116,691,500,037 | arxiv | \section{\bf Abstract}
\begin{abstract}
The two major goals in fundamental physics are: 1) Unification of all forces incorporating relativity and quantum theory, 2) Understanding the origin and evolution of the Universe as well as explaining the smallness of the cosmological constant.
Several efforts have been made in... |
1,116,691,500,038 | arxiv |
\section{Introduction}
\label{section:intro}
The punchline of this paper is that any nondeterministic finite state automaton $(Q)$ recognizing a regular language $L$ gives rise to a Boolean one-dimensional topological quantum field theory (TQFT) $\mathcal{F}_{(Q)}$ with defects. The ... |
1,116,691,500,039 | arxiv | \section{Conclusion \& Discussion}
\label{sec:conclusion}
We developed combinatorial search methods for generating adversarial examples that fool trained Binarized Neural Networks, based on a Mixed Integer Linear Programming (MILP) model and a target propagation-driven iterative algorithm \texttt{IProp} {}. To our kno... |
1,116,691,500,040 | arxiv | \section{Introduction: Cosmological Evolution and the Interstellar Gas}
\label{sect:intro}
Our knowledge of how the Universe has evolved is completely different
today from what it was two decades ago. From cosmology and extragalactic
astronomy we now have a theory based on cold, dark matter, called DM,
that ... |
1,116,691,500,041 | arxiv | \section{Introduction \label{sec:intro}}
New confining dynamics is a staple of beyond standard model or dark matter phenomenology.
Examples of such systems are
``hidden valleys'' as a potential source of new physics at colliders \cite{Strassler:2006im,Han:20... |
1,116,691,500,042 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Learning from examples has been one of the most
attractive problems for computational
neuroscientists
\cite{Hertz,Watkin93,Opper95,Amari,Amari93,Amari94,Boes93,Kaba94,Bouten,Broeck}.
For a given system,
superiority of the learning
strategy should be measured by the
generalization error, na... |
1,116,691,500,043 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Bimetric theory~\cite{Hassan:2011zd} is a model for a massive spin-2 field interacting with a massless one.
It generalizes both general relativity (GR), which describes a massless spin-2 field,
as well as nonlinear massive gravity~\cite{deRham:2010kj}, which describes a massive
spin-2 field ... |
1,116,691,500,044 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\IEEEPARstart{M}{artingales} are one of the fundamental tools in probability theory and statistics for modeling and studying sequences of random variables. Some of the most well-known and widely used concentration inequalities for individual martingales are Hoeffding-Azuma's and Bernstein's inequ... |
1,116,691,500,045 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
A complete study of QCD on the lattice requires the numerical simulation of dynamical
fermions. These Monte Carlo calculations are extremely computationally costly,
since the effects of quarks must be included by first integrating out the
fermion path integral, and then describing the resulting... |
1,116,691,500,046 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Quantum walks describe the coherent evolution of a quantum particle coupled to an external environment which in simple form is can be a position space. It is formally the quantum analogue of classical random walk \cite{Ria1958,Fey86,Mey96,ADZ93,Par88}. The ability of quantum walks to exploit c... |
1,116,691,500,047 | arxiv | \section{#1}}
\newcommand\tr{\mathop{\mathrm tr}}
\newcommand\Tr{\mathop{\mathrm Tr}}
\newcommand\partder[2]{\frac{{\partial {#1}}}{{\partial {#2}}}}
\newcommand\partderd[2]{{{\partial^2 {#1}}\over{{\partial {#2}}^2}}}
... |
1,116,691,500,048 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:Intro}
In a series of revolutionary papers \cites{V1993, V1994, V1996, V1997, V1998-2, V1999}, Voiculescu generalized the notions of entropy and Fisher's information to the free probability setting.
In particular, \cite{V1998-2} introduced a non-microstate notion of free entropy, in c... |
1,116,691,500,049 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{intro}
As one of the prototypical \textsf{NP}-complete problems, the $k$-SAT problem is to decide whether a given $k$-CNF has a solution and output one if it has.
Among many revolutionary algorithms for solving $k$-SAT, two of them stick out:
Sch{\"{o}}ning's algorithm based on random walk... |
1,116,691,500,050 | arxiv | \section*{References}
|
1,116,691,500,051 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Astronomy has become a data-intensive science.
Cutting edge research is requiring in particular deep and/or
wide surveys producing data of unprecedented quality and volume.
The Sloan Digital Sky Survey, \citep[SDSS; ][]{Abazajian209SDSSDR7},
one of the most ambitious and influential astronomic... |
1,116,691,500,052 | arxiv |
\section{Incorporating Phonemes into \\ An End-To-End Model}\label{sec:cip}
\subsection{Components of Conventional ASR System}
Given an input sequence of frame-level features (e.g., log-mel-filterbank
energies), $\mathbf{x}=\{x_1, x_2, \ldots, x_T\}$, and an output sequence of sub-word
units (e.g., graphemes, or phone... |
1,116,691,500,053 | arxiv | \section{\@startsection {section}{1}{\z@}{-1.5ex plus -.5ex
minus -.2ex}{1ex plus .2ex}{\large\bf}}
\long\def\@makecaption#1#2{\vskip 10pt \setbox\@tempboxa\hbox{#1. #2}
\def\@oddfoot{\rm\hfill\thepage\hfill}\def\@evenfoot{\@oddfoot} }
\newtheorem{Theorem} {Theorem} ... |
1,116,691,500,054 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Entanglement $\big($which is a quantum correlation that exceeds classical limits regardless the separating distance \cite{violation}, \cite{BellInequality} $\big)$ has enabled many unprecedented applications. These include (but not limited to) quantum teleportation \cite{Teleportation1},\cite{Tel... |
1,116,691,500,055 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{Introduction}
Inflation, an early phase of accelerated expansion, was originally proposed to solve the problems associated with the Hot Big-Bang standard theory
\cite{Guth:1980zm,Linde:1981mu}. It was then realized that inflation could also generate a nearly scale invariant spectrum of scal... |
1,116,691,500,056 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Modern neural network (NN) models can generate textual and imagery content looking as if genuine, created by humans ~\cite{vaswani2017attention,radford2019language,Karras2019style,workman2022revisiting}. Such computer-based, automatic content generation benefits society in many domains, from the ... |
1,116,691,500,057 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\begin{figure}
\centering
\includegraphics[width=\linewidth]{fig1}
\caption{Different proposal refinement structures: separated box regression and classification in parallel (\eg,~\cite{wang2019spm,fan2019siamese}) in image (a) and our cascaded regression-align-classification (CRAC) in image ... |
1,116,691,500,058 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{Intro}
Over the last few decades, galaxy surveys such as the Two-degree-Field Galaxy Redshift Survey
\citep[2dFGRS;][]{Colless:2001}, the
Sloan Digital Sky Survey
\citep[SDSS; e.g.][]{Tegmark:2004}, the Two-Micron All-Sky Survey
\citep[2MASS;][]{Huchra:2005} and
the 6dFGS
\citep{Jon... |
1,116,691,500,059 | arxiv |
\section{Introduction}
{
In recent years, there has been growing interest in dynamic resource allocation/optimal control in revenue management problems from various research communities such as computer science, management science, communication engineering, etc. In such service systems, congestion is inherent an... |
1,116,691,500,060 | arxiv | \section{Introduction\label{Intr}}
\setcounter{equation}{0}
The paper is devoted to some aspects of universal algebraic geometry, i.e.,
geometry over \textit{universal algebras} (for definition of universal
algebra\textit{\ }see, for example \cite[Chapter 3, 1. 3]{KUROSH}). In fact,
universal algebra is the se... |
1,116,691,500,061 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
One of the interesting issues in black hole physics is the energy extraction from such objects which can occur in Kerr or charged black holes through scattering at the event horizon. This phenomenon is a generalization of the Penrose process and is known as superradiance \cite{pani, brito}. This ... |
1,116,691,500,062 | arxiv |
\section{The regret bound of the Adaptive greedy algorithm}\label{Proof::AG-L_regret_bound}
We present a finite-time bound on the cumulative regret defined in Equation \eqref{Equation::cumulative_regret}.\\
Let $\mathcal{H}_{t-1}$ is the set of all possible histories (after deterministic initialization) of the game u... |
1,116,691,500,063 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Neutrinos are already a canonical ingredient in stellar evolution. These particles, mostly known for being produced by nuclear fusion during the main-sequence or by the URCA reactions, at the onset of supernova explosions, can also be emitted by KeV-energy (``thermal") processes during the red g... |
1,116,691,500,064 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{secIntro}
DNN-based classifiers achieve state-of-the-art results in many researching fields. DNNs are typically trained with large-scale carefully annotated datasets. However, such datasets are difficult to obtain for classification tasks with large numbers of classes. Some approaches~\cit... |
1,116,691,500,065 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{intro}
\setcounter{equation}{0}
This paper extends our earlier article \cite{I2}, and the reader will be extensively referred to \cite{I2} in what follows. In particular, a detailed review of all the necessary CR-geometric concepts is contained in \cite[Section 2]{I2}, and we will utilize... |
1,116,691,500,066 | arxiv | \section{\label{sec1}Introduction}
Relaxation phenomena in magnetized plasmas are widespread in nature [\onlinecite{rp1, rp2}]. A notable example is the explosive flares on the surface of the Sun. Another example is the semi-periodic explosive bursts appearing at the boundary of toroidally-confined high-temperature pla... |
1,116,691,500,067 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
When taking polarimetric measurements of scientific targets,
observations of standard stars for linear polarization are of crucial
importance to calibrate and monitor instrument performances. Popular
lists of standard stars are, e.g., those by Serkowski
\cite{Ser74} and Hsu and Breger \cite{HsuBr... |
1,116,691,500,068 | arxiv |
\section{Introduction}
We present photometry of Proxima Cen and Barnard's Star, results ancillary
to our astrometric searches for
planetary-mass companions (\cite{Ben97a}). Our observations were
obtained with Fine Guidance Sensor 3 (FGS 3), a two-axis, white-light
interferometer aboard the {\it Hubble Space Teles... |
1,116,691,500,069 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Data generated while people browse the Internet, especially when using Internet search engines, has been shown to reflect the experiences of people in the physical world \cite{yomtov2016crowdsourced}. Indeed, the vast majority of Internet users refer to search engines when they have a medical co... |
1,116,691,500,070 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
In this article we are interested in the following variational problem :
$$
\inf_{u\in \mathcal{W}}
\frac{\displaystyle\int_{-\pi}^{\pi}[(u')^2-u^2]d\theta}{\displaystyle\left[\int_{-\pi}^{\pi}
|u| d\theta\right]^2}
$$
where $ \mathcal{W}$ denotes the subspace of functions in the Sobolev space
$H... |
1,116,691,500,071 | arxiv | \section{INTRODUCTION}\label{sec:intro}
Quasars showing broad absorption troughs of resonance lines (e.g., \ion{Mg}{2}, \ion{C}{4}) in their rest ultra violet spectra are called broad absorption line (BAL) quasars \citep[e.g.,][]{1991ApJ...373...23W}.
BAL quasars are classified into two categories, HiBAL and LoBAL... |
1,116,691,500,072 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{intro}
Star formation in normal, non-starburst galaxies is observed to occur predominantly in giant molecular clouds (GMCs), which are gravitationally bound structures of molecular gas. In order to understand star formation in galaxies, it is thus important to gain a thorough understandin... |
1,116,691,500,073 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The discovery and analysis of patterns and dependencies in the realm
of data science does strongly depend on the measurement of the data.
Each data set is subject to one or more scales of
measure~\cite{stevens1946theory}, i.e., maps from the data into
variable of some (mathematical) space, e.g., ... |
1,116,691,500,074 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
In this note, our ongoing project of studying Blazh\-ko-mo\-du\-lated fundamental mode RR~Lyrae (RRab) stars with the 24-inch Heyde-Zeiss telescope of the Konkoly Observatory at Sv\'abhegy, Budapest, is introduced. Our first results on the properties of the Blazhko modulation are presented.
\su... |
1,116,691,500,075 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Due to its clean environment an $e^+e^-$ linear collider
in the ${\unskip\,\text{TeV}}$ range is an ideal machine to probe
in detail and with precision the inner working of
the electroweak structure, in particular the mechansim of symmetry breaking.
From this perspective the
study of $e^+e^-\... |
1,116,691,500,076 | arxiv | \section{Introduction.}\label{intro}
Systems biology develops biochemical dynamic models of various cellular processes
such as signalling, metabolism, gene regulation. These models can reproduce complex
spatial and temporal dynamic behavior observed in molecular biology experiments.
In spite of their complex behavior,... |
1,116,691,500,077 | arxiv |
\section{Architecture, Implementation \& Protocol Flow}
\label{sec_arch}
The core theme of BlockMeter is that it advocates the concept of an application agnostic performance measurement framework for private blockchain systems. Based on the analysis as discussed above in section \ref{sec_analysis}, we have worked out ... |
1,116,691,500,078 | arxiv |
\section{Introduction}
The {\it thermodynamic formalism}, i.e.,
the formalism of equilibrium statistical physics developed by G. W. Gibbs and others,
has been successfully brought into the ergodic theory of chaotic dynamical systems (see e.g., \cite{Bow75, Rue78} and the references therein).
In the classical setting... |
1,116,691,500,079 | arxiv |
\section{\textsc{FairIr}\xspace Guarantees}
We restate and then prove Theorem \ref{thm:imma}.
\begin{theorem*}
Given a feasible instance of the local fairness formulation
$\Pcal = <R, P, \ensuremath{L}\xspace, \ensuremath{U}\xspace, \ensuremath{C}\xspace,A,T>$, \textsc{FairIr}\xspace returns
an integer solution... |
1,116,691,500,080 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
It is hard to overstate the power of communication in today's society, which enjoys the benefits of technological advances due to telecommunication and the internet. These advances are a result of \textit{reliable} and \textit{efficient} classical communication protocols, which have been facilit... |
1,116,691,500,081 | arxiv |
\section{Introduction}
Technological advances have enabled the expansion of the study of the cosmos to wavebands outside the small window in the optical region. The most energetic astrophysical sources emit radiation primarily in the gamma-ray band. One of the crucial issues in using ground-based detectors to study g... |
1,116,691,500,082 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Product attribute values that provide details of the product are crucial parts of e-commerce, which help customers to make purchasing decisions and facilitate retailers on many applications, such as question answering system~\cite{yih-etal-2015-semantic,yu-etal-2017-improved}, product recommenda... |
1,116,691,500,083 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:introduction}
There are two motivations to the present paper. After some years of development,
the Malliavin calculus has reached a certain maturity. The most complete
theories are for Gaussian processes (see for instance
\cite{nualart.book,ustunel2000}) and Poisson point processes (se... |
1,116,691,500,084 | arxiv |
\section{Introduction}
One of the biggest obstacles in the construction of a quantum computer is the prevalence of errors due to the delicate and highly-sensitive nature of the physical systems typically used to encode quantum data. There are essentially two ways ways to cope with errors in quan... |
1,116,691,500,085 | arxiv | \section{\label{sec:level1}INTRODUCTION}
\section*{INTRODUCTION}
With steady progress towards practical quantum computers, it becomes increasingly important to efficiently characterize the relevant quantum gates. Quantum process tomography \cite{chuang1997prescription, o2004quantum, merkel2013self} provides a way to r... |
1,116,691,500,086 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
In general, finding the Greatest Common Divisor (\texttt{GCD}) of two exactly-known univariate polynomials is a well understood problem. However, it is also known that the \texttt{GCD} problem for \textit{noisy} polynomials (polynomials with errors in their coefficients) is an ill-posed problem. ... |
1,116,691,500,087 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The field of quantum information, which extends and generalizes the
classical information theory, is currently attracting enormous interest
in view of its fundamental nature and its potentially revolutionary
applications to computation and secure communication \cite{QCQI,QCQIrev}.
Among the... |
1,116,691,500,088 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
In the cardinality estimation task, an algorithm must process a multiset of identifiers
that is much larger than the amount of memory that the algorithm is allowed to use.
The identifiers are processed in a streaming fashion, i.e. one at a time.
At the end of the stream, the algorithm must esti... |
1,116,691,500,089 | arxiv | \section{#1}%
\resetsec}
\newcommand{\resetsubsection}[1]{\subsection{#1}%
\resetsec}
\newcommand{\resetsubsubsection}[1]{\subsubsection{#1}%
\resetsec}
\renewcommand{\headrulewidth}{0.5pt}
\addtolength{\headheight}{0.5pt}
\pagestyle{fancy}
\fancyhf{}
\fancyhead[C]{\bfseries}
\fancyhead[R]{\bfseries}
\fanc... |
1,116,691,500,090 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The propagation of neutrinos is described by the eigenvalues and eigenvectors of the Hamiltonian.
The eigenvectors form up into a unitary matrix which, after rephasing of the charged leptons and the neutrinos\footnote{Neutrinos can be rephased if they have only Dirac mass terms or are in the ultr... |
1,116,691,500,091 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
A knot $K\subseteq S^3$ is said to be an $L$-space knot if there is $p/q\in \mathbb{Q}$ such that the 3-manifold $S_{p/q}^3(K)$ obtained by $p/q$-surgery on $K$ is an $L$-space. It is known that the Heegaard Floer homology of an $L$-space obtained in this way is determined by the Alexander polyn... |
1,116,691,500,092 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The formation of topological defects is one of the interesting consequences
of symmetry breaking phase transitions in the early Universe. Depending on
the topology of the vacuum manifold these are domains walls, strings,
monopoles and textures. Among them, cosmic strings have been of increa... |
1,116,691,500,093 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The Morita theory of monoids was introduced independently by Banaschewski \cite{Ban} and Knauer \cite{K} as the analogue of the classical Morita theory of rings \cite{Lam}.
This theory was extended to semigroups with local units by Talwar \cite{T1,T2,T3};
a semigroup $S$ is said to have {\em lo... |
1,116,691,500,094 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Following Tsuji
\cite{tsu1} and \cite{tsu2}, Hacon and McKernan \cite{hm}, and Takayama \cite{taka} have independently given an algebro-geometric proof of the following beautiful result:
\begin{thm}[Hacon-McKernan, Takayama, Tsuji]
\label{thm:0}
For any positive integer $n$, there exists an... |
1,116,691,500,095 | arxiv |
\section{Introduction}
A principle goal of variational analysis and nonsmooth optimization (and of critical point theory) is to study generalized critical points of extended-real-valued functions on $\R^n$. These are the points where a generalized subdifferential, such as the Frechet, limiting, or Clarke subdifferent... |
1,116,691,500,096 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Conventional cellular systems have \emph{fixed} spatial reuse patterns of spectral resources (e.g., time and frequency subcarriers), but modern multi-antenna beamforming enables \emph{dynamic} reuse by exploiting instantaneous channel state information (CSI) \cite{Gesbert2010a}. Under ideal cond... |
1,116,691,500,097 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
By experimental discovery \cite{Gi33} it was found that ice~I (ordinary
ice) has in the zero temperature limit a residual entropy $S/N = k\,
\ln(W_1)>0$ where $N$ is the number of molecules and $W_1$ the number
of configurations per molecule. Subsequently Linus Pauling \cite{Pa35}
based the e... |
1,116,691,500,098 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Real-world data obtained from complex physical systems suffers from various types of uncertainties that are broadly categorized as either epistemic or aleatory. The latter occurs as the result of natural random processes, while the former occurs as a result of uncertainty introduced by the model ... |
1,116,691,500,099 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:introduction}
The last stages of the evolution of the most massive (M$\gtrsim30 $\,M$_\odot$) stars may be dominated by episodic
large mass-ejections~\citep[e.g.,][]{ref:Humphreys_1984,ref:Smith_2014}. This leads to dust condensing out of the ejecta,
obscuring the star in the optica... |
1,116,691,500,100 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{SecIntro}
Galaxies do not exist in isolation. They occupy the various environments embedded within the cosmic web -- nodes, filaments, walls and voids, in rough order of decreasing galaxy density -- and may be either a locally dominant `central' object, or a `satellite' embedded in a grou... |
1,116,691,500,101 | arxiv | \section{Motivation\label{sec:motivation}}
Geometry optimization is the procedure to locate the structure with
energy or free-energy minimum in a solid or molecular system given
the atomic compositions. Such a local or global minimum state is usually
a naturally existing structure under common or extreme conditions.
G... |
1,116,691,500,102 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
Human-Object Interaction~(HOI) detection, serving as a fundamental task for high-level computer vision tasks, e.g. image captioning, visual grounding, visual question answer, etc., has attracted enormous attention in recent years.
Given an image, HOI detection aims to localize ... |
1,116,691,500,103 | arxiv | |
1,116,691,500,104 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Text generation is one of the most attractive problems in NLP community. It has been widely used in machine translation, image captioning, text summarization and dialogue systems.
Currently, most of the existing methods \cite{graves2013generating} adopt auto-regressive models to predict the... |
1,116,691,500,105 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The fact that neutrinos are massive was the first firm sign of physics beyond standard model. Many flavor models for neutrino mass matrix were conceived, motivated by phenomenological data on neutrino oscillations, and the examination of specific textures became a traditional approach to the flav... |
1,116,691,500,106 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{Introduction}
\subsection{Mean value and $\Omega$-results for the classical hyperbolic lattice point problem} \label{subsectiononeone} Let $\mathbb{H}$ be the hyperbolic plane, $z$, $w$ two fixed points in $\mathbb{H}$ and $\rho(z,w)$ their hyperbolic distance. For $\Gamma$ a cocompact o... |
1,116,691,500,107 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
One of recent developments in the AdS/CFT correspondence is on the emergence of spacetime and diffeomorphism.
The key notion in the study of the emergent spacetime is the entanglement and its holographic computation.
The holographic entanglement entropy in the Einstein gravity is proposed in \ci... |
1,116,691,500,108 | arxiv | \section{Overture}
\label{sec:intro}
The main goal of elementary particle physics is to search for fundamental laws
at very short distance scales. From the Heisenberg uncertainty principle
we
know that to test scales of order $10^{-18}{\rm m}$ we need the energy of
approximately $200\, {\rm GeV}$. Therefore the LHC w... |
1,116,691,500,109 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Multi Instance Learning (MIL) is a generalization of supervised learning,
where the data is given as \textit{bags}, and each bag is a set of
objects. Each object can be either positive or negative, but we are not
given this information. Instead, we are given the label for a bag as a
whole, su... |
1,116,691,500,110 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Recall that a locally compact group is said to have Property~(T)
if every weakly continuous unitary representation with almost
invariant vectors\footnote{A representation $\pi:G\to
\mathcal{U}(\mathcal{H})$ almost has invariant vectors if for
every $\varepsilon>0$ and every finite subset $F\subs... |
1,116,691,500,111 | arxiv | \section{INTRODUCTION}
The far ultraviolet (FUV) and extreme ultraviolet (EUV) continua of active galactic nuclei (AGN) are thought to form
in the black hole accretion disk (Krolik 1999; Koratkar \& Blaes 1999), but their ionizing photons can influence
physical conditions in the broad emission-line region of the AG... |
1,116,691,500,112 | arxiv | \section{Introduction \label{intro:sec}}
Gauge theories form the basis of modern high-energy physics. Quantum electrodynamics (QED) -- a quantum field theory model based on the invariance of the Lagrangian under local phase transformations of the matter fields $\psi(x) \to e^{\imath w(x)} \psi(x)$ -- was the first the... |
1,116,691,500,113 | arxiv | \section{Introduction} \label{sec:intro}
A face-on and an edge-on galaxy each provides the observer with a unique advantage that enhances the study of the properties of spiral galaxies in general. For a face-on galaxy, there is far less confusion caused by multiple sources along the line of sight, a minimum column de... |
1,116,691,500,114 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Research into the bias temperature instability (BTI) has revealed a
plethora of puzzling issues which have proven a formidable obstacle to
the understanding of the phenomenon
\cite{ALAM03,KACZER05,WANG06,REISINGER06,HUARD06,HOUSSA07,GRASSER07,ZHANG07B,HUARD10,REISINGER10,ANG11,GRASSER11B,ZOU12B,... |
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