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1,116,691,500,215
arxiv
\section{Introduction}\label{sec:intro} The recent work~\cite{Wa13a} showed how the equations of ideal, compressible magnetohydrodynamics may be elegantly formulated in terms of Lie derivatives, building on the work of Helmholtz, Walen and Arnold. For example, the equation of magnetic induction in a compressible f...
1,116,691,500,216
arxiv
\section*{Introduction} Shortly after the launch of the {\it Rossi} X-ray Timing Explorer (RXTE) in late 1995, single kilohertz brightness oscillations were discovered in RXTE countrate time series data from thermonuclear X-ray bursts in several neutron-star low-mass X-ray binaries. These oscillations are remarkab...
1,116,691,500,217
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The infinitesimal generator of a $d$-dimensional rotationally invariant L\'evy process is a non-local operator of the form $\sL = b \Delta + {\mathcal A}} \def\sB {{\mathcal B}} \def\sC {{\mathcal C}$ where $b\ge 0$ and $$ {\mathcal A}} \def\sB {{\mathcal B}} \def\sC {{\mathcal C} f(x)=\int_{{\m...
1,116,691,500,218
arxiv
\section{Introduction} While the minimal supersymmetric standard model (MSSM) provides the most promising extension of the successful standard model, it does not yet encompass important ideas that would be expected of the complete low energy effective theory. These include neutrino masses, baryogenesis, inflation and ...
1,116,691,500,219
arxiv
\chapter*{Flavor effects in leptogenesis} \author[]{P.~S.~B.~Dev${}^{\ast}$, P.~Di Bari${}^{\dagger}$, B.~Garbrecht${}^{\ddagger}$, S.~Lavignac${}^{\S}$,\\ P.~Millington${}^{\P}$\footnote{Corresponding Author.}, D.~Teresi${}^{\parallel}$} \address{${}^{\ast}$ Department of Physics and McDonnell Center for the Space Sci...
1,116,691,500,220
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Vector space models have been the main driving force behind progress in NLP. Most work in this area, either in the form of static or contextualised embeddings, has been based on co-occurrence statistics and largely driven by the distributional hypothesis \cite{Harris1954DistributionalS,Firth1957A...
1,116,691,500,221
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Crystallographic phase instability is an important factor for enhancing superconductivity \cite{matthias1973criteria}. Some anomalies in the properties of compositions FeSe$ _ {1-x}$Te$ _ {x}$ with a low tellurium content, including the observation of phase separation in these compositions, indi...
1,116,691,500,222
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{secIntro} Hard spheres (and hard disks in two-dimensions) interacting only through an infinite hard-core potential form the simplest interacting models for a classical fluid. Such athermal models have received a lot of attention in the last decades, because they allow us to investigate on...
1,116,691,500,223
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The magnetic field in the solar corona dominates over non-magnetic forces such as plasma pressure and gravity because of low plasma beta \citep{Gary}. Knowledge of the coronal magnetic field is therefore important in understanding the structure of the coronal plasma and obtaining insights into dy...
1,116,691,500,224
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \subsection{Background} \hspace{5mm} For a polynomial $P$ in the complex plane, the {\it Julia set} $J_P$ is the complement of the open set in $\mathbb{C}$ where the sequence $\{P^n\}_{n\geq 1}$ form a normal family locally. The dynamical behavior of the points in the Julia set is extremely ch...
1,116,691,500,225
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{intro} Internet of Things (IoT) sensors has seen explosive growth over the last twenty years. The consumer IoT market is estimated to reach 142 billion dollars by 2026 at a CAGR of $17\%$. Estimates forecast that by 2025, there will be 152,200 IoT devices connecting to the internet per min...
1,116,691,500,226
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \noindent Optical properties of metals are important for novel technological applications where the optical response needs to be engineered for specific purposes, such as for plasmonic devices (e.g. in spectrally-selective coatings~\cite{Bilokur2017, Guo2014}), for optoelectronics devices (e.g. i...
1,116,691,500,227
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Two-dimensional Bin Packing (2BP) is a well-studied problem in combinatorial optimization. It finds numerous applications in logistics, databases, and cutting stock. In 2BP, we are given a set of $n$ rectangular items and square bins of side length 1. The $i^{\textrm{th}}$ item is characterize...
1,116,691,500,228
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{intro} An interacting Bose system cooled toward absolute zero is believed either to crystallize, or, if it escapes solidification, to undergo Bose-Einstein condensation (BEC), with the concomitant onset of superfluidity (SF), both SF and BEC occurring at the same temperature $T_c$, in $d...
1,116,691,500,229
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \vspace{-0.0em} Deep architectures have achieved significant success in various vision tasks including image classification and object detection. Such success have relied heavily on massive numbers of annotated examples. However, in real-world scenarios, we are frequently unable to collect enou...
1,116,691,500,230
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The nature of the dark matter (DM) is still unclear, because its existence is so far only evident via its gravitational interaction with normal matter. There are many possible ways to find DM, other than through is gravitational interactions. Direct detection experiments try to observe nuclear r...
1,116,691,500,231
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Dynamic graphs, that is, graphs that evolve over time, can conveniently model dynamic networks, which recently received a lot of interest from the academic community (\emph{e.g.} mobile sensor networks, vehicular networks, disruption tolerant networks, interaction flows, etc.). Depending on the...
1,116,691,500,232
arxiv
\section{Introduction} In \cite{R} it was shown that one could lift a mod $p$ representation $\overline{\rho}$ to a power series ring in infinitely many variables which was generalized for totally real fields by \cite{P}. In this paper, we extend these results for a reducible representation $\overline{\rho}: G_{\math...
1,116,691,500,233
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Blockchain can provide both distributed data storage and computing platform, where a large network of untrusted participants need to reach agreements on transactional data states~\cite{scheuermann2015iacr}. As an innovative distributed ledger technology, blockchain has improved certain software ...
1,116,691,500,234
arxiv
\@ifstar\unnumberedsection\numberedsection{Introduction}\label{sec:intro} Locating the thresholds for various Ramsey properties of random structures has been of prime interest of late. After \L{}uczak, Ruci\'nski and Voigt~\cite{LRV91} launched the systematic study of these thresholds a great number of results followe...
1,116,691,500,235
arxiv
\section{Introduction} A $p$:$q$ mean-motion resonance (MMR) occurs when the ratio of the periods of two interacting planets is close to $p/q$. This commensurability allows planetary conjunctions to occur at consistent locations in the planets' orbits, leading to periodic transfers of energy and angular momentum betw...
1,116,691,500,236
arxiv
\section{#1}} \renewcommand{\theequation}{\arabic{section}.\arabic{equation}} \newcommand{\begin{equation}}{\begin{equation}} \newcommand{\end{equation}}{\end{equation}} \newcommand{\begin{displaymath}}{\begin{displaymath}} \newcommand{\end{displaymath}}{\end{displaymath}} \newcommand{\begin{eqnarray}}{\begin{eqn...
1,116,691,500,237
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The relation between Hermitian quantum mechanics and its parity-time ($\PT$--) symmetric extension became the focus of intense debates shortly after the latter paradigm was introduced in~\cite{Bender}. In particular, it was shown that any $\PT$-symmetric Hamiltonian with purely real spectrum, ...
1,116,691,500,238
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Symbolic dynamics for the planar three-body problem is not yet fully developed. Not many authors are involved in this direction (Chernin et al. 2006; Myllari 2007; Moeckel 2007). We need to find a good procedure to assign symbols comparable to the one-dimensional case (Tanikawa \& Mikkola 200...
1,116,691,500,239
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The relations between, on the one hand, the evolution equation and semigroup theory and, on the other hand, functional integration and the theory of stochastic processes is an extensively studied topic \cite{Bal,EthKur,IkeWat,Kal,Kol,RogWil} with a long history. Its roots can be traced back ...
1,116,691,500,240
arxiv
\section{INTRODUCTION} A growing body of theoretical and observational research suggests that charged solar energetic particles (SEPs) gain most of their energy at traveling shocks relatively close to the Sun \citep{Zank:2008}. Interplanetary shocks have been well studied with in-situ measurements near Earth and...
1,116,691,500,241
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \begin{figure} \centering \includegraphics[width=0.7\columnwidth]{figures/variety} \vspace{-0.2cm} \caption{We compute frame fields as maps into the \emph{octahedral} and \emph{odeco varieties}, a projected slice of which is depicted here.} \label{fig.va...
1,116,691,500,242
arxiv
\section{Introduction}\label{sec:intro} \paragraph{Background.} An \emph{algebraic circuit} over a field $\F$ for a multivariate polynomial $P(x_1,\ldots,x_N)$ is a directed acyclic graph (DAG) whose internal vertices (called gates) are labeled as either $+$ (sum) or $\times$ (product), and leaves (vertices of in-degr...
1,116,691,500,243
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{section: intro} \emph{Oblivious RAM (ORAM)} is a cryptographic primitive that enables users to access a database on a server without revealing the access pattern to the server.\footnotemark \footnotetext{In the original paper, an ORAM is defined to be a random access machine for which the...
1,116,691,500,244
arxiv
\subsection{Error detecting algorithms} \label{sec:error_detection} In this section, we focus on mechanisms to numerically detect errors that have not been detected by the underlying system or middleware. We have identified several techniques that allow us to (likely) notice the occurrence of an error at several l...
1,116,691,500,245
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The optical spectra of metals in the infrared (IR) spectral region depend sensitively on the interaction between electrons and phonons. Deviations from the theoretical spectrum without any phonon contribution stem from the so--called Holstein mechanism \cite{holstein} in which the incident photon...
1,116,691,500,246
arxiv
\section{Preliminaries} \subsection{Dynamical systems} A \textit{dynamical system} is a pair $(X,f)$ consisting of a compact Hausdorff space $X$ and a continuous function $f\colon X \to X$. We say that the \textit{orbit} of $x$ under $f$ is the set of points $\{x, f(x), f^2(x), \ldots\}$; we denote this set by $\Or...
1,116,691,500,247
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Photo- and electroproduction of mesons off baryons provide arguably the most direct routes to information about hadronic structure. At high energies, where multi-meson production abounds, such processes can be described economically in terms of pomeron and Regge-trajectory exchanges~\cite{C...
1,116,691,500,248
arxiv
\section{Introduction} In quantum mechanics, there exist two parallel themes \cite{tanor}. One is about the static properties of a system, namely the eigenstates and eigenvalues of the Hamiltonian. The other is about the dynamics of the system, namely how the wave function or the expectation values of various physical...
1,116,691,500,249
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Networks and solutions of semiflexible polymers arise in a variety of contexts and have a wide range of materials science and biological applications. In the biological realm, active cytoskeletal networks play important roles in cell function, such as cellular transport and organization\cite{20...
1,116,691,500,250
arxiv
\section{Introduction} In general relativity spacetime geometry is fully described by the metric. That is to say, the metric does not only define distances, which is its primary role, but also defines parallel transport, as it is used to construct the Levi-Civita connection. However, in principle this does not have to...
1,116,691,500,251
arxiv
\section{Introduction}\label{sec:intro} The cutwidth of a graph is defined as the minimum possible {\em{width}} of a linear ordering of its vertices, where the width of an ordering $\sigma$ is the maximum, among all the prefixes of $\sigma$, of the number of edges that have exactly one vertex in a prefix. Due to its n...
1,116,691,500,252
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:intro} \begin{figure}[t] \centering \includegraphics[width=\linewidth, trim=110 00 120 0, clip]{figures/intro.pdf} \caption{The proposed method uses a graph representation for detections and tracks. A neural message passing based architecture performs matching of detectio...
1,116,691,500,253
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:intro} \bigskip Black holes are probably the most spectacular prediction of General Relativity. From a theoretical perspective, a crucial moment which lent credibility to the assumption of their existence in reality was Kerr's analytic construction of a stationary rotating black hole...
1,116,691,500,254
arxiv
\section{Preliminary} \label{sec:back} \subsection{Existing Fault Study} Researchers have investigated Android and Symbian OSes' failures~\cite{Maji10} and Windows Phone app crashes~\cite{Ravindranath14}. As for the bugs of Android apps, a number of studies exist in different aspects: performance~\cite{Liu:ICSE2014}, ...
1,116,691,500,255
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Energy functionals play an important role in differential geometry, and specially in the study of embedded extremal surfaces. For example, in biology, the minimization of such functionals associated to mechanical properties of cell membranes, can be used to explain the shape of biological struct...
1,116,691,500,256
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:intro} Exoplanet exploration was identified by the Decadal Survey on Astronomy and Astrophysics 2020 as one of the top scientific priorities; in particular, the identification and characterization of Earth-like planets will play a key role in the search for biochemical signatures of l...
1,116,691,500,257
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:intro} Kernel mixtures are a powerful tool for modeling a variety of data sets, especially in the presence of a natural clustering structure \citep{escobar:1995,maceachern:1998}. A good portion of the rapidly expanding literature on Bayesian nonparametrics is aimed at building effecti...
1,116,691,500,258
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \subsection{Previous Results} In a series of papers, we have begun to develop non-equilibrium thermodynamics starting from the second law and ensuring the additivity of entropy as a state function \cite{Gujrati-Non-Equilibrium-I,Gujrati-Non-Equilibrium-II,Gujrati-Non-Equilibrium-III . Th...
1,116,691,500,259
arxiv
\section{Charginos and Neutralinos in Trileptons} Supersymmetry has been a popular extension to the standard model for several decades and numerous searches for evidence of any of the superpartners have been carried out. At hadron colliders, a unique signature for supersymmetry comes in the trilepton (``three lepton...
1,116,691,500,260
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Self-assembled InAs quantum dots are ideal model systems to study the energetic structure and dynamics of fully quantized few carrier systems \cite{Bimbergbuch,Petroff01,Reimann02}. When incorporated into a suitable diode or transistor structure, the coupling to a free electron or hole reservoir...
1,116,691,500,261
arxiv
\section{Background and Motivation} \begin{figure}[t] \centering \includegraphics[width=0.40\textwidth]{figures/fig-fl-arch.pdf} \vspace{-1.5ex} \caption{In a centralized FL architecture, an aggregator sends a global model to clients (step 1). Each client trains the model o...
1,116,691,500,262
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Although the observations of non-zero neutrino mass and large leptonic mixing have been confirmed by several neutrino experiments in the last two decades \cite{PDG, kamland08, T2K, chooz, daya, reno, minos}, three important issues related to neutrino physics are yet not settled. They are namely...
1,116,691,500,263
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Though the origin of Gamma-ray Bursts (GRBs) remains elusive, the abundant data collected by BATSE on {\it Compton} Gamma-ray Observatory (CGRO) have provided many constraints on the physical modeling of these events. Thanks to BATSE's high temporal resolution and high signal-to-noise ratio, te...
1,116,691,500,264
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{section:intro} The physics of star formation and molecular gas in galaxies depend on the properties of supersonically turbulent clouds. Observed line widths indicate the presence of supersonic, random bulk motions within interstellar clouds, and a combination of collisional heating and r...
1,116,691,500,265
arxiv
\section{Introduction} There has been a burst of activities and research in codes over finite rings in last decade, In particular codes over ${\ZZ}_{p^{s}}$ and ${\ZZ}_{4}$ received much attention \cite{bdho99, bsc95, bsbm97, cs93, dhs99, dgh99, gh98, hkcss94, ha98, Z4-shadow, Kerdock, rs98}. The covering radius of b...
1,116,691,500,266
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The aim of this article is to develop a general framework for spatial discretisations of the parabolic stochastic PDEs of the form \begin{equ} \partial_t u = A u + F(u, \xi)\;, \end{equ} where $A$ is an elliptic differential operator, $\xi$ is a rough noise, and $F$ is a non-linear function in ...
1,116,691,500,267
arxiv
\section{Introduction} TW Hya is the closest example of a star with a young, gas-rich protoplanetary disk. As such, it is an ideal target to study how disk evolution is coupled to planet formation because the disk can be observed at high spatial resolution and with great sensitivity. First detected from its infrared ...
1,116,691,500,268
arxiv
\section{Introduction} It is known that the ring class field of imaginary quadratic orders can be generated by evaluating the $j$-invariant at certain algebraic integers. Several other modular functions, like the Weber functions \cite{YuiZagier} can also be used for the generation of the ring class field. In...
1,116,691,500,269
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:introduction} Deep neural networks (DNNs) have demonstrated significant success in various tasks. Besides the superior performance of DNNs, some attempts have been made to investigate the interpretability of DNNs in recent years. Previous studies of interpreting DNNs can be roughly sum...
1,116,691,500,270
arxiv
\section{Introduction}\label{sec:intro} Staggered quarks \cite{Kogut:1974ag} employ an incomplete reduction of the lattice doubling symmetry, and therefore have an extra degree of freedom called ``taste.'' In four dimensions, a single staggered field on the lattice produces four tastes in the continuum limit. It is p...
1,116,691,500,271
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The inflationary paradigm, which was originally proposed in \cite{oldinf}, is now widely accepted as a viable phenomenology describing the cosmic acceleration in the very early Universe. The simplest inflationary scenario based on a single scalar field predicts the generation of nearly scale...
1,116,691,500,272
arxiv
\section*{Introduction} Fix a prime $p\geq 5$, an integer $N>0$ prime to $p$, and let $f\in S_2(\Gamma_0(Np))$ be a newform. Throughout this paper, we shall assume that $f$ is \emph{split multiplicative} at $p$, meaning that \[ f(q)=q+\sum_{n=2}^\infty a_n(f)q^n\quad\quad\textrm{with $a_p(f)=1$.} \] Fix embeddings $\m...
1,116,691,500,273
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Gamma-ray burst (GRB) afterglows occupy a unique position among the various high-energy astrophysical outflow phenomena. They are extremely relativistic blast waves with inferred Lorentz factors $\gamma$ that can be over several hundreds, far more than those typical for active galactic nuclei (...
1,116,691,500,274
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec1} Continuous integrable systems are nonlinear differential equations that can be solved analytically. For example, integrability of ordinary differential equations (ODEs) is judged by the Arnold-Liouville theorem, which requires integrable ODEs to have sufficient number of first integr...
1,116,691,500,275
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Understanding the structure of the $\Lambda(1405)$ with spin-parity $J^\pi=1/2^-$ and strangeness $S=-1$ is a long-standing issue in hadron physics. The mass of the $\Lambda(1405)$ is slightly less than the $\bar{K}N$ threshold energy. The $\Lambda(1405)$ can be considered as a $\bar{K}N$ q...
1,116,691,500,276
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{intro} Slow-roll inflation \cite{KT,Linde} requires an unusually flat scalar potential. This is quantified by the conditions \begin{equation} \left( \frac{V'}{V} \right)^2 \ll \frac{1}{M_{\rm Pl}^2} \end{equation} and \begin{equation} \label{src2} \left| \frac{V''}{V} \right| \ll \frac{1}...
1,116,691,500,277
arxiv
\section{INTRODUCTION} Gaussian processes~\cite{RW05} possess properties that make them the approach of choice in time series forecasting: \begin{itemize} \item A Gaussian process works with as little or as much data as available. \item Non-uniformly sampled observations, missing observations, and ob...
1,116,691,500,278
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The imprint of redshifted Lyman-$\alpha$ (Ly$\alpha$) forest absorption on the spectra of distant quasars provides an exquisitely sensitive probe of the distribution of baryons in the intergalactic medium (IGM) at large cosmological lookback times. Among the remarkable achievements of modern cosm...
1,116,691,500,279
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:intro} Causal language modeling possesses great flexibility among most natural language tasks due to its unsupervised and generative nature. Large-scale pre-training on Transformer architecture like GPT2 has resulted in powerful models capable of capturing general knowledge of natural ...
1,116,691,500,280
arxiv
\section*{References}% } \makeatletter \setcounter{tocdepth}{1} \makeatother \DeclareFieldFormat[article]{title}{{\it #1}} \DeclareFieldFormat{journaltitle}{{\rm #1}} \renewbibmacro{in:}{% \ifentrytype{article}{}{\printtext{\bibstring{in}\intitlepunct}}} \DeclareFieldFormat[incollection]{title}{{\it #1}} \DeclareFie...
1,116,691,500,281
arxiv
\section{\label{sec:level1}Introduction} A theoretical possibility of non-resonant, fast, and efficient heating of extremely thin conducting cylindrical targets by broad electromagnetic beams was described in Ref.~\cite{Akhm4} (see also the sections on the "transverse geometry" in Refs.~\cite{Akhm10,Akhm111} and refer...
1,116,691,500,282
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{s:intro} The discovery of powerful quasars at $z\approx 7.5$ \citep{banetal18} implies that fully fledged supermassive black holes (BHs) as heavy as $M_{\rm{BH}}\sim 10^9M_\odot$ already existed when the Universe was just 700 million years old. If a significant fraction of this mass has b...
1,116,691,500,283
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The study of atomic properties of heavy actinides has gained growing interest ~\cite{Es1975,Es2009,Raeder2022,Mustapha2022,Fm1,Fm2,ErFm,Raeder}. Transition frequencies and hyperfine structure (HFS) are being measured. Measuring HFS is motivated by obtaining data on the nuclear momenta of hea...
1,116,691,500,284
arxiv
\section{Congruence towers and the~$4/3$ bound} \label{one} Hurwitz surfaces are an important and famous family of Riemann surfaces. We clarify the explicit structure of the Hurwitz quaternion order, which is of fundamental importance in Riemann surface theory and systolic geometry \footnote{In the literature...
1,116,691,500,285
arxiv
\section{Introduction and Conclusions} \label{sec:intro} The dynamics of quantum field theories driven far from equilibrium is a fascinating topic, owing to the complex interplay of quantum and statistical behaviours in the system. While a quantitative understanding of how field theories respond to non-linear external...
1,116,691,500,286
arxiv
\subsection{Classification model} The model input is the quarter day backscatter profiles and LDR data (667 x 800 x 2). The first layer is a 28 x 1 convolution with stride of 1 that reduces the data size to 640 x 800 x 2. The initial size reduction is done to ensure the downsampling (and later on upsampling) ...
1,116,691,500,287
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Intervening metal absorption lines have routinely been observed along the line of sight to quasars (QSOs). Among these features, strong {{Mg}{II} $\lambda$2796, $\lambda$2803} absorption doublets (with equivalent width $EW>0.3$ \AA) represent good indicators of metal-enriched gas associated with...
1,116,691,500,288
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Quantum Electrodynamics is a theory experimentally verified with a high level of accuracy, mainly through the study of perturbative effects observed for example in particle-particle collisions. Nonetheless, Quantum Field Theory (QFT) allows to make predictions beyond this perturbative regime. Th...
1,116,691,500,289
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:introduction} \begin{figure*}[t] \sidecaption \includegraphics[width=6cm]{13072f1a.eps} \includegraphics[width=6cm]{13072f1b.eps} \caption{\label{fig:ds9Image} Model IBIS/ISGRI images of the sky with (right) and without (left) instrumental vignetting effects (see \reffig{insEff...
1,116,691,500,290
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Estimating nodal functions/signals over networks is a task emerging in various domains, such as social, brain, and power networks, to name a few. Functions of nodes can represent certain attributes or classes of these nodes. In Facebook for instance, each node represents a person, and the presen...
1,116,691,500,291
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The Kuramoto model has been used to study the dynamics of synchronization in a wide variety of physical, chemical, and biological systems~\cite{kuramoto75, kuramoto84, strogatz00, pikovsky03, strogatz03, acebron05, dorfler14, pikovsky15, rodrigues16}. The model's governing equations can be writ...
1,116,691,500,292
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:introduction}} \IEEEPARstart{C}{lick}-through rate (CTR) prediction is an important application of machine learning algorithms, which aims to predict the ratio of clicks to impressions of a specific link. It has high commercial value for real-world use such as online advertising and r...
1,116,691,500,293
arxiv
\section{Introduction} As high quality samples of graphene are now readily available,\cite{Morozov:08,Du:08,Bolotin:08} an exciting prospect is to observe signatures of strong electron correlations in this system. Graphene's distinctive feature with respect to a more conventional two-dimensional (2D) electron gas such...
1,116,691,500,294
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Let $k$ be a commutative ring with unit. There are various equivalent definitions of the notion of representation of a poset over $k$. One can look at representations of the \emph{Hasse diagram} of the poset viewed as a quiver with the relations of total commutativity, or at modules over the so-...
1,116,691,500,295
arxiv
\section{Introduction} A fascinating family of \emph{pleated} origami models use extremely simple crease patterns---repeated concentric shapes, alternating mountain and valley---yet automatically fold into interesting 3D shapes. The most well-known is the \emph{pleated hyperbolic paraboloid}, shown in Figure~\ref{hypa...
1,116,691,500,296
arxiv
\section{Introduction} When making predictions in the framework of the Minimal Supersymmetric Extension of the Standard Model (MSSM), one encounters parameter freedom which is mainly due to the so-called soft SUSY breaking terms. To restrict this freedom and get more predictive power, one usually follows the univers...
1,116,691,500,297
arxiv
\section{Use Cases} \section{Applications of Rhetorical Roles Prediction Task} The purpose of creating a rhetorical role corpus is to enable automated understanding of legal documents by segmenting them into topically coherent units. This can be helpful in various applications such legal document summarization \cite...
1,116,691,500,298
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \subsection{Curried algebra} Let $V$ be a finite-dimensional vector space. The general linear Lie algebra on $V$, denoted $\fgl(V)$, can be identified with the tensor product $V \otimes V^*$. A representation of $\fgl(V)$ on a vector space $M$ is a linear map \begin{displaymath} \mu \colon \fgl...
1,116,691,500,299
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{introduction} Shot noise is a nonequilibrium fluctuation of the current in mesoscopic conductors caused by random flow of the charge. It can be thought of as an uncorrelated Poisson process \cite{Schottky} giving rise to a simple formula for the spectral density of the shot noise, $S^c=e...
1,116,691,500,300
arxiv
\section*{Appendix} \label{sec:appx} \section{More Comparisons on GLUE} \label{apx:more_compar} \begin{table*}[ht] \begin{center} \scalebox{0.9}{ \begin{tabular}{lcccccclcc} \hline System & CoLA & MNLI-m & MNLI-mm & MRPC & QNLI & QQP & RTE & SST-2 & STS-B \\ ...
1,116,691,500,301
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Let $p$ be an odd prime and $\mathbb{K} \supset \mathbb{Q}[ \zeta ]$ be a galois extension containing the \nth{p} roots of unity, while $(\mathbb{K}_n)_{n \in \mathbb{N}}$ are the intermediate fields of its cyclotomic $\mathbb{Z}_p$-extension $\mathbb{K}_{\infty}$. Let $A_n = (\id{C}(\mathbb{K}...
1,116,691,500,302
arxiv
\section{Introduction \label{sec:srintro}} Attempts thus far to combine general relativity and quantum mechanics, the two cornerstones of our description of nature, have led to difficulties, an example of which is the black hole information parardox (BHIP) \cite{haw74,pre93}. BHIP suggests that the pro...
1,116,691,500,303
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Causal inference is impossible without assumptions, and the predominant assumption to facilitate causal inference is unconfoundedness. Unconfoundedness goes under other names, such as ignorability and causal exchangeability, but they all describe the setting where treatment is independent of pot...
1,116,691,500,304
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:introduction} Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) algorithms are used to estimate expectations with respect to a probability distribution when independent sampling is difficult. Typically, interest is in estimating a vector of quantities. However, analysis of MCMC output routinely focuse...
1,116,691,500,305
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Graphene, a single layer of carbon atoms laid out in a honeycomb lattice, is one of the most interesting electronic systems discovered in recent years \cite{ag,ah}. It differs from conventional two dimensional electron gas (2DEG) systems in that the low energy physics is governed by a massl...
1,116,691,500,306
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:intro} \vspace{-5pt} Environmental sounds are essential for expressive media content, e.g., movies, video games, and animation, to make them immersive and realistic. One way to prepare a desired sound is to obtain it from an environmental sound database. However, the number of database...
1,116,691,500,307
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Single Particle Tracking (SPT) is a method to observe and classify the motion of individual particles as \textit{trajectories}: estimates of a particle's position in a sequence of discrete measurement times. In the field of biological microscopy, SPT has been used for finding and analyzing prote...
1,116,691,500,308
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:intro} When multiple speech signals are observed by distant microphones (e.g., in a conference room), they are contaminated with reverberation and background noise. The problem of extracting each speech signal and removing the reverberation and background noise from only the observed...
1,116,691,500,309
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sect:intro} Consider the problem of estimating an unknown parameter $x\in\mathbb{R}^n$ based on a linear measurement $y\in\mathbb{R}^m$ corrupted by additive noise $w \in \mathbb{R}^m$. This setup is formalized through the linear measurement model \begin{equation} \label{eq:linear:obse...
1,116,691,500,310
arxiv
\section{Motivation and objectives} Variable-density flows play an important role in a variety of physical phenomena, including inertial confinement fusion \citep {Lindl1992}, oceanic flows \citep {Boyd}, and stellar evolution and the explosion of supernovae \citep {Zingale2009} with a wide range of length scales. Var...
1,116,691,500,311
arxiv
\subsubsection*{\textbf{\emph{#1}}}} \newcommand{\Paragraph}[1]{\paragraph*{#1.}} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{mathpartir} \usepackage{multirow} \usepackage{amssymb} \begin{document} \title{\ourlang: A DSL for Verified \\Secure Multi-party Computations} \iflong \author{Aseem Rastogi\inst{1} \and Nikhil Swamy\i...
1,116,691,500,312
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Spectral algorithms are central to machine learning and scientific computing. In machine learning, eigendecomposition and singular value decomposition are foundational tools, used for PCA as well as a wide variety of other models. In scientific applications, solving for the eigenfunction of a gi...
1,116,691,500,313
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Since the celebrated Sz.Nagy dilation theorem that showed a contraction has an isometric dilation, people have been trying to generalize this beautiful result to several variables. Ando showed that a pair of commuting contractions has a commuting isometric dilation. However, a well-known examp...
1,116,691,500,314
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Young massive stellar clusters are environments of copious star formation, and typically host a large number of very massive stars \citep{PortegiesZwart2010}. For this reason, they have long been considered as potential sites of cosmic-ray (CR) acceleration \citep{Parizot2004}. The acceleration...