uuid int64 541B 3,299B | dataset stringclasses 1
value | text stringlengths 1 4.29M |
|---|---|---|
1,116,691,500,815 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Chest X-Ray (CXR) image report generation aims to automatically generate detailed findings and diagnoses for given images, which has attracted growing attention in recent years~\cite{wang2018tienet,jing2017automatic,li2018hybrid}.
This technique can greatly reduce the workload of radiologists fo... |
1,116,691,500,816 | arxiv | \section{The spectral densities of $Z^+_{cs}$}
In order to calculate the spectral density of the operator product expansion (OPE) side, the light quark ($q=u$, $d$ or $s$) and heavy-quark ($Q=c$ or $b$) full propagators $S^q_{i j}(x)$ and $S^Q_{i j}(p)$ are employed, say
\begin{eqnarray}
S^q_{j k}(x) \! \! & = & \! ... |
1,116,691,500,817 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The fractional Laplace operator $(-\triangle)^{\frac{\alpha}{2}}$ for $\alpha\in (0,2)$
in $\mathbb{R}^n $ is defined on the Schwartz class through the Fourier transform as
$$\widehat{((-\triangle)^{\frac{\alpha}{2}} f)} (\xi)=(2\pi |\xi|)^{\alpha}\widehat{f}(\xi),$$
where $\widehat{f}(\xi)=\int... |
1,116,691,500,818 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
A real analytic Levi-flat set $M$ in $\mathbb C^{N}$ is a real analytic set such that its regular part is a Levi-flat CR manifold of hypersurface type.
An important special case (closely related to the theory of holomorphic foliations) arises when $M$ is a hypersurface. The local geometry of a... |
1,116,691,500,819 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Neutral kaon and neutrino oscillations are discussed in
theoretical physics for more than half a century already. The
standard theoretical approach to describing these phenomena is
based on considering the states with definite strangeness or
lepton number ($K^0, \bar K^0$ and the neutrino fl... |
1,116,691,500,820 | arxiv | \section{SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL:\\Orthogonality catastrophe as a consequence of the quantum speed limit}
\section{Survival probability behavior as a function of $\lambda$}
As commented in the main text, the behavior of the survival probability shows markedly different characteristics depending on which phase the LMG ba... |
1,116,691,500,821 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
We describe two recent additions to SFIRE, a fire spread model coupled with
WRF \cite{Mandel-2009-DAW,Mandel-2011-CAF}. This model builds on the earlier
CAWFE code \cite{Clark-1996-CAF-x,Clark-2004-DCA,Coen-2005-SBE}; see
\cite{Mandel-2011-CAF} and
\url{http://www.openwfm.org/wiki/WRF-Fire_devel... |
1,116,691,500,822 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
Wireless Acoustic Sensor Network (WASN) based animal monitoring is of great importance for biologists to monitor real-time wildlife behavior for long periods and under variable weather/climate conditions. The acquired animal voice can provide valuable information for researchers... |
1,116,691,500,823 | arxiv | \section{Introduction} \label{sec:intro}
Let $F$ be a field, and $f\in F[x]$ be an irreducible polynomial. Results from classical field theory tells us that we can always find some field extension $F\subseteq L$ such that $f$ contains a root in $L$. The construction of this field extension is quite simple, we just ta... |
1,116,691,500,824 | arxiv | \section{\label{introduction}Introduction}
Quark flavor mixing in the Standard Model arises from unitary matrices
which diagonalize the corresponding hermitian mass matrices. The CKM
quark-flavor mixing matrix $V$ in the physical basis~\cite{2a,2b,2c}, is
given by $V= V_{\rm u}V^\dagger_{\rm d}$, where the unitary mat... |
1,116,691,500,825 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The tiny value of the cosmological constant (dark energy), which is responsible
for the accelerated expansion of the Universe and constitutes $70\%-73\%$
of its energy density, is a major puzzle for modern particle physics.
A fit to the recent data shows that its value is
$\Lambda \sim 10^{-123}... |
1,116,691,500,826 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The non-strictly thermal spectrum by Parikh and Wilczek \cite{key-1,key-2}
of Hawking radiation \cite{key-3} implies that emissions of subsequent
Hawking quanta are countable \cite{key-4,key-5,key-17,key-20,key-21,key-22,key-23,key-24},
and, in turn, generates a natural correspondence between Ha... |
1,116,691,500,827 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{section_intro}
Recall that a \textit{combinatorial $d$-manifold} is a simplicial complex in which the link of every vertex is PL homeomorphic to the $(d-1)$-dimensional sphere.
In 1987 Brehm and K\"uhnel~\cite{BrKu87} proved that any combinatorial $d$-manifold with less than $3d/2+3$ vert... |
1,116,691,500,828 | arxiv | \section{Introduction} \label{Introduction}
Fiber-tracking is probably one of the most fascinating applications in diffusion MRI (dMRI), gathering a lot of attention since its introduction because of its ability to reconstruct the main neuronal bundles of the brain from the acquired data.
In fact, the random movement ... |
1,116,691,500,829 | arxiv | \subsection{Derivation of Divergence-Preserving Coarse-Graining}\label{sec:DP_derivation}
With the definitions given in \cref{sec:defs}, we may derive a condition on the averaging weights for $\EXP{\cdot}^\beta$ to be a divergence-preserving coarse-graining. Combining \cref{eq:div_def} with \cref{eq:div_condition} give... |
1,116,691,500,830 | arxiv | \section{ Introduction } \label{s1}
Recent LEP measurements \cite{LEP} fix the number of light neutrinos
to three, therefore a simple further repetition of fermion families
is excluded.
Extensions of the minimal Standard Model by heavy fermions are,
however, possible.
Examples ... |
1,116,691,500,831 | arxiv | \section{Introduction\label{sec:1}}
Nonparametric Bayesian methods like the Dirichlet process~\citep{ferguson} and the Gaussian process~\citep{rasmussen} allow practitioners to specify flexible priors over infinite-dimensional objects like functions and probability densities.
These have seen wide success in applied di... |
1,116,691,500,832 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Program proof is the application of deductive verification techniques to
programs. Industrial acceptability of such tools relies on the high degree of
automation provided by modern automatic provers, in particular SMT solvers,
when the source code is restricted to a suitable language
subset. SPA... |
1,116,691,500,833 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{introduction}
This paper considers finite-level M/G/1-type Markov chains, which belong to a special class of upper block-Hessenberg Markov chains. Finite-level M/G/1-type Markov chains appear in the analysis of finite semi-Markovian queues (see, e.g.,~\cite{Baio94a,Baio93b,Cuyt03,Herr01}... |
1,116,691,500,834 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
It is now well established that the high redshift
intergalactic medium (IGM) is enriched with heavy metals
to metallicites of $10^{-3}$ to $10^{-2}$~${\rm Z}_{\odot}$
\citep[e.g.,][]{cowie95, schaye03, simcoe04, aguirre08}.
While metals only constitute a fraction of the total b... |
1,116,691,500,835 | arxiv | \section{Introduction and Contributions}
In mobile cellular systems of the fourth (4G)- and fifth generation (5G), the number of \acp{BS} per unit area is expected to grow substantially~\citep{6736747}. One of the main performance limiting factors in such dense networks is \emph{aggregate interference}. Hence, its acc... |
1,116,691,500,836 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The celebrated theory of linear response of systems close to
equilibrium has been developed in the first half of the XX century,
and has proven highly successful in describing a very wide range of macroscopic
phenomena, particularly thanks to the usefulness of the Fluctuation-Dissipation Theo... |
1,116,691,500,837 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Neutron-antineutron ($n-\bar n$) oscillations involve a change of the baryon number ($B$)
by two units ($|\Delta B| = 2$). An experimental observation would allow a glimpse on
physics beyond the standard model, see e.g.~\cite{Mohapatra:2009}.
Since in such oscillations $B$ is violated the pro... |
1,116,691,500,838 | arxiv | \section{\uppercase{Introduction}}
\label{sec:introduction}
Discriminative CNNs, such as those constructed by \cite{kamnitsas2017efficient,havaei2017brain,ronneberger2015u}, have consistently ranked on the top of the leaderboard in many brain lesion segmentation challenges \cite{maier2017isles,winzeck2018isles,baka... |
1,116,691,500,839 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{introduction}
The stochastic evolution of systems composed by elements
which interact among each other has always been of great interest in several areas of application,
e.g. in medicine a tumor growth is the evolution of a system of interacting cells~\cite{YakTso},
in socio-economics... |
1,116,691,500,840 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The integration of nonreciprocal photonic devices on Si or CMOS platforms has been challenging in the past decades.
The known optical nonreciprocity can be divided into two classes: forward-backward nonrecipricity (FBNR) and left-right nonrecipricity (LRNR). The first class of nonreciprocal comp... |
1,116,691,500,841 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Object detection, as a key component in a wide spectrum of vision-based intelligent applications~\cite{dalal2005histograms,felzenszwalb2008discriminatively}, aims to simultaneously locate and classify objects in images. Thanks to the strong ability of Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN)~\cite{kri... |
1,116,691,500,842 | arxiv | \section{Critical properties of QCD}
The study of the QCD phase diagram in the baryonic chemical
potential-temperature plane is a subject of rapidly increasing
interest in the last decade. Recent investigations \cite{SRS}
suggest that in the real world where the $u$ and $d$ quarks have a
small current mass ($O(10 M... |
1,116,691,500,843 | arxiv | \subsection{The Distance Problem at mmWave-THz Bands}
\hl{Comment the main aspects relative to the distance problem, wireless comms oriented.}
\cite{akyildiz2018combating}\textcolor{red}{Odysseas}
\\
\\
\\
\hl{Describe the existence of prototypes for RIS, wireless comms oriented.}\textcolor{red}{Odysseas and Sergi}
\\
... |
1,116,691,500,844 | arxiv |
\section{Introduction}
\IEEEPARstart{E}{lectrical} machines have numerous real-world applications, ranging from home appliances to the automotive industry. Permanent magnet synchronous machines (PMSM) gained popularity in recent years due to their high efficiency, large power density, and high torque-cu... |
1,116,691,500,845 | arxiv | \section*{Introduction}
In the mathematical field, equation solving has been a key action to progress in the evolution of the human species. For most of the human history, this task was performed by hand, involving long paper-written equations and solutions to be computed. First digital electronics and then computers h... |
1,116,691,500,846 | arxiv |
\section*{Acknowledgment}
The authors would like to thank Xiang Yi, Donggyu Kim, David Bono, and Cheng Peng at MIT for technical discussions and their assistance during prototyping and testing.
\section*{Appendix I: Estimation of the Contribution of the Microwave Phase Noise on the Sensor Sensitivity}\label{sec_append... |
1,116,691,500,847 | arxiv | |
1,116,691,500,848 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) detection is a fundamental problem in modern
digital communications~\cite{multiuser_detection,fifty_years_of_MIMO}.
The MIMO channel can be modeled as
\begin{equation}\label{eq:mimo}
\vr = \mH \vx^*+\vv,
\end{equation}
where $\vr\in \C^m$ is the vector of... |
1,116,691,500,849 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
There have been continuous efforts on synthesizing high-fidelity speech by computer. These so-called text-to-speech (TTS) systems have various applications in human-computer interaction, assistive technology, media and entertainment.
In particular, deep learning-based TTS syste... |
1,116,691,500,850 | arxiv |
\subsection{Our Contributions}
We show that relaxing the optimality requirement on the bound allows to recover doubly-exponential running times: an approximately optimal bound can be determined using the alternating color technique, which was introduced by Kupferman et al.\ to solve the decision problems for $\... |
1,116,691,500,851 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Due to its impact on revenues, costs, and more importantly, on service levels, logistics management has become increasingly critical in the apparel industry (Kiesmuller and Minner 2009\nocite{kiesmuller2009inventory}). As consumers demand greater product variety and higher levels of responsive... |
1,116,691,500,852 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Distinguishing knots and links up to ambient isotopy is the central problem in knot theory. The main technique that a knot theorist uses is to compute some knot invariants and see if one of them can be of help. Over the last 35 years tremendous progress has been made in the development of several... |
1,116,691,500,853 | arxiv | \section{Different Budgets and Prices are Necessary}\label{app: same budget counter example}
Consider the instance with $3$ agents and $2$ items. Agent $A$ has value $1$ for both items. Agent $B$ has values $1/2$ and $1$ for the first and second item, respectively, while agent $C$ has values $1$ and $1/2$.
It is eas... |
1,116,691,500,854 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
For a plausible category of quasigroups, it seems that homotopies
between quasigroups, taken as morphisms, are better choice than
homomorphisms (see \cite{Gvaramiya}). However, homomorphisms are
sometimes easier to work with. For example, isotopies do not
preserve units---every quasigroup is iso... |
1,116,691,500,855 | arxiv | \section{Solutions in terms of hypergeometric function}
There are well known solutions of the Schr\"{o}dinger equation
\begin{equation}
\left[ -\frac{d^{2}}{dx^{2}}+U\left( x\right) \right] \psi =E\psi
\label{r01}
\end{equation
with the P\"{o}schl-Teller potentia
\begin{equation}
U\left( x\right) =\alpha ^{2}\... |
1,116,691,500,856 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Let $X$ be an abelian surface over a field ${\mathfrak k}$.
Denote by $\operatorname{Coh}(X)$ the category of coherent sheaves on $X$,
by $\bl{D}(X)$ the bounded derived category of $\operatorname{Coh}(X)$
and by $K(X)$ the Grothendieck group of $\bl{D}(X)$.
For $\beta \in \operatorname{NS}... |
1,116,691,500,857 | arxiv | \section{Main result and discussion}
\label{intro}
\subsection{Smallest hyperbolic manifolds}
\label{ss:intro-thm}
Let $\mathbf H^n$ be the hyperbolic $n$-space.
By a \emph{hyperbolic $n$-manifold} we mean an orientable manifold
$M = \Gamma\backslash \mathbf H^n$, where $\Gamma$ is a torsion-free discrete subgroup
$\... |
1,116,691,500,858 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Whether the radio and the gamma-ray luminosities of blazars are intrinsically correlated is a long-standing debate. The presence or absence of such a correlation could provide insight into blazar emission physics. At radio frequencies low enough that synchrotron emission is self-absorbed on phys... |
1,116,691,500,859 | arxiv | \section{The State Space of Quantum Mechanics is Redundant}
The first paper I'd like to discuss is ``The measurement postulates of
quantum mechanics are operationally redundant'' by Masanes, Galley and
M\"uller~\cite{Masanes:2019}. The short version of my spiel is that
they present a condition on \emph{states} that se... |
1,116,691,500,860 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
A meticulous measurement of energy and arrival direction of individual primary cosmic ray (CR) nuclei has revealed that the intensity of CRs in the TeV band is remarkably isotropic. The measured degree of deviation from isotropy, about few parts per ten thousand, appears to be much smaller than t... |
1,116,691,500,861 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Supersymmetry (SUSY) extension is one of the most promising way
to solve the gauge hierarchy problem in the standard model \cite{SUSY}.
However, since any superpartners have not been observed
in current experiments, SUSY should be broken at low energies.
Furthermore, soft SUSY breaking term... |
1,116,691,500,862 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Cancer is one of the leading causes of death in the world, with over 80,000
deaths registered in Canada in 2017 (Canadian Cancer Statistics 2017). A
computer-aided system for cancer diagnosis usually involves a pathologist
rendering a descriptive report after examining the tissue glass slides obt... |
1,116,691,500,863 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Realizing non-Abelian statistics in condensed matter systems is an exciting prospect, both from the point of view of fundamental theory, and for possible applications to quantum computing\cite{NayakReview}. Though the possibility of non-abelian statistics is well-established in the context of qu... |
1,116,691,500,864 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The field of terrestrial planet formation is gradually approaching a clearer understanding of the appropriate initial conditions to form the terrestrial planets with the aid of progressively high-resolution simulations performed on fast computers. In retrospect, the Classical model \citep{Chamber... |
1,116,691,500,865 | arxiv | \section{Nomenclature}
\vspace{-8 mm}
{\renewcommand\arraystretch{1.0}
\noindent\begin{longtable*}{@{}l @{\quad=\quad} l@{}}
$\mathbf{u}$, $p$ & Fluid velocity and pressure\\
$P$& Airfoil surface pressure time series\\
$C_d, C_l$& Drag and lift coefficients\\
$q$ & Smoothed drag coefficient \\
$\omega$ & Extreme event... |
1,116,691,500,866 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
In this paper we study the family of Lieb-Thirring
inequalities\cite{lieb1975bound,lieb1976ineq}, which state that for
any potential $V \in L^{\gamma+\frac d 2}(\R^{d},\R)$ and non-negative
exponent $\gamma$,
\begin{align}
\label{LT}
\tr((-\Delta + V)_{-}^{\gamma}) \leq L_{\gamma,d} \int V^{\... |
1,116,691,500,867 | arxiv | \section{Missing Proofs in Section \ref{sec:pate}}
\begin{theorem}
Let $\bar{\mathcal{M}} \newcommand{\cN}{\mathcal{N}}_{\theta}$ be $\alpha$-fair w.r.t.~$(X,\tilde{A},Y)$ and $h(\cdot)$, and $\tilde{A}$ shares the same support $[m]$ as $A$ where, for $a\in [m], x\in \mathcal{X},
y\in\mathcal{Y}$, the difference b... |
1,116,691,500,868 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{ag1}
Let $X$ be a smooth manifold, and write $C^\iy(X)$ for the set of
smooth functions $c:X\ra\R$. Then $C^\iy(X)$ is a commutative
$\R$-algebra, with operations of addition, multiplication, and
scalar multiplication defined pointwise. However, $C^\iy(X)$ has
much more structure t... |
1,116,691,500,869 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Computers analyze massive quantities of data with speed and precision \cite{nvidia2020,intel2019}. At both the hardware and software levels, this performance depends on fixed and precisely engineered protocols for representing and executing basic operations on binary data \cite{intel2019,Neumann1... |
1,116,691,500,870 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:Intro}
The Advanced Laser Interferometer Gravitational-wave Observatory\footnote{\url{http://www.ligo.caltech.edu/}} (aLIGO; \citealt{Aasietal2015}) and Advanced Virgo\footnote{\url{http://www.ego-gw.it/}} (AdV; \citealt{Acerneseetal2015} have made the first six detections of gravit... |
1,116,691,500,871 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\input{sections/1_introduction}
\section{Related Work}
\input{sections/2_related_work}
\section{Dataset Collection Pipeline}
\input{sections/3_data_collection}
\section{The Resulting Data}
\input{sections/4_resulting_data}
\section{Experiments}
\input{sections/5_experiments}
\section{Conclus... |
1,116,691,500,872 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
A key concept in mathematical finance is that of absence of arbitrage. Informally speaking, an arbitrage opportunity is the possibility of making money out of nothing without taking any risk. Clearly, such strategies should be excluded in order to ensure market efficiency. The mathematical formu... |
1,116,691,500,873 | arxiv | \subsection*{Acknowledgements} {#1}
\addtocontents{toc}{\protect\setcounter{tocdepth}{1}} }
\newcommand{\Abs}[1]{\left\vert#1\right\vert}
\newcommand{\bgu}{\mathring{{\bf u}}}
\newcommand{\bgB}{\mathring{{\bf B}}}
\newcommand{\bfomg}{\boldsymbol{\omega}}
\newcommand{\bfPsi}{\boldsymbol{\Psi}}
\newcommand{\b... |
1,116,691,500,874 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{Introduction}
For a bounded measurable
function $\sigma = \sigma (x, \xi_1, \xi_2)$
on $(\mathbb{R}^n)^{3}$,
the bilinear pseudo-differential operator
$T_{\sigma}$ is defined
by
\[
T_{\sigma}(f_1,f_2)(x)
=\frac{1}{(2\pi)^{2n}}
\int_{(\mathbb{R}^n)^{2}}e^{i x \cdot(\xi_1+\xi_2)}
\sigma (... |
1,116,691,500,875 | arxiv | \section{Hierarchical graph construction }
The hierarchical graph constructed according to WordTree is shown in Figure \ref{office_graph_65}.
\begin{figure}[!h]
\begin{minipage}[b]{1\linewidth}
\centering
\includegraphics[width=3.4in]{images/office_graph_65.png}
\caption{A hierarchical graph of 87 nodes... |
1,116,691,500,876 | arxiv | \section{CONCLUSIONS}
\label{sec:conclusion}
We presented a novel incremental semiparametric modeling approach for inverse dynamics learning, joining together the advantages of parametric modeling derived from rigid body dynamics equations and of nonparametric Machine Learning methods.
A distinctive trait of the propo... |
1,116,691,500,877 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\
{\it
Two neighbors may agree to drain a meadow, which they possess in common: because it is easy for them to know each other's mind;
and each must perceive, that the immediate consequence of his failing in his part, is the abandoning of the whole project.
But it is very difficult, and indeed... |
1,116,691,500,878 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Bitcoin is the most popular and successful cryptocurrency. Although Bitcoin has the largest market cap and holds a high volume of transactions per day, its growth as a currency has been gradual compared with its overheated growth as a speculative instrument. Bitcoin offers a lot of peer-to-peer p... |
1,116,691,500,879 | arxiv | \section*{Introduction}
Let $\alg{G}$ be a quasisplit reductive group over a local or global field $F$. Let $n$ be a positive integer and let $\mu_n$ denote the group of $n^{\th}$ roots of unity in $F$. Assume that $\mu_n$ has order $n$. Let $\alg{G}'$ be a central extension of $\alg{G}$ by $\alg{K}_2$, in the sens... |
1,116,691,500,880 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
One of the main weaknesses of stellar physics remains our poor description
of thermal convection. It is true that the
widely used mixing-length treatment permits to
construct models which represent fairly well the gross properties of stars,
but it fails when
one attempts to apply it to more su... |
1,116,691,500,881 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{intro}
Galaxy mergers are commonly thought to be the main mechanism driving the
coevolution of galaxies and their central supermassive black holes (SMBH). An
SMBH binary is likely to form in the centre of the merged galaxy and
subsequently accrete from a circumbinary disc. It is reasonable... |
1,116,691,500,882 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Graph representation learning has been widely adopted to improve the performance of numerous scenarios, including traffic prediction \cite{DBLP:conf/ijcai/WuPLJZ19}, recommendation systems \cite{DBLP:conf/sigir/0001DWLZ020}, and drug discovery \cite{DBLP:conf/nips/LiuABG18}. As a powerful strat... |
1,116,691,500,883 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{sec:sec1}
Droplet impact on solid or liquid interfaces is a ubiquitous and fascinating phenomenon in nature \cite{Martin1993DropletImpact, Yarin2005Review}, and has a wide range of applications; these include inkjet-printing, spray-painting, spray-cooling, internal combustion engines, fire... |
1,116,691,500,884 | arxiv | \subsubsection{#1}}
\def{\rm diam}{{\rm diam}}
\def{\rm env}{{\rm env}}
\def{\hspace{-1pt}\top}{{\hspace{-1pt}\top}}
\def\mathbb{R}{\mathbb{R}}
\def\mathbb{N}{\mathbb{N}}
\def\mathbb{Z}{\mathbb{Z}}
\def\mathbb{C}{\mathbb{C}}
\def{\rm W}{{\rm W}}
\def{\rm C}{{\rm C}}
\def{\rm H}{{\rm H}}
\def{\rm L}{{\rm L}}
\d... |
1,116,691,500,885 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The origin of flavor has been a significant puzzle in particle physics
since the discovery of the muon. The replication of fermion generations
and the strongly hierarchical pattern of their masses and mixing angles
is left unexplained in the Standard Model. In most theories of flavor,
new ... |
1,116,691,500,886 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Cooperative diversity by using relays in wireless networks allows increasing the total throughput of the network while (possibly) relying on single antenna nodes. Fundamental principles and the main idea of cooperative communications can be found in \cite{b1}, where a three-terminal Relay Channel... |
1,116,691,500,887 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
In the recent years there emerged a large number of articles devoted to scalar fields, which are necessary for an explanation of a secondary acceleration of the Universe. It is reasonable to take models with minimal interaction, in which interaction of a scalar field with an <<ordinary matter>>... |
1,116,691,500,888 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{Intro}
The properties of single polymer chains at surfaces have received considerable
attention in recent years. Much of this has been spurred by new experimental
techniques such as atomic force microscopy (AFM) and optical/magnetic tweezers
\cite{Smith} which allow one to manipulate single... |
1,116,691,500,889 | arxiv | \section{introduction}
Trisecting an arbitrary angle and doubling the cube by ruler and compass are two of the famous problems posed by Greeks which are known to be unsolvable. The first proof of the impossibility for the geometric constructions is attributed to Wantzel (1837). For history on this subject, we refe... |
1,116,691,500,890 | arxiv |
\section{Introduction}
Pre-trained language models such as ELMo~\cite{peters2018deep}, GPT~\cite{radford2018improving}, BERT~\cite{devlin2018bert}, and ERNIE~\cite{sun2019ernie} have proved to be effective for improving the performances of various natural language processing tasks including sentiment classifica... |
1,116,691,500,891 | arxiv |
\section{CDF II detector and trigger} \label{sec:ss-det}
CDF~II is a multipurpose detector, equipped with a charged particle
spectrometer and a finely segmented calorimeter. In this section, we
describe the detector components that are relevant to this analysis.
The description of these subsystems can be fo... |
1,116,691,500,892 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Self-organization is the spontaneous formation of structure via the interactions of their constituent particles \cite{whitesides_self-assembly_2002}.
The resulting structures from a self-organized system can be found in equilibrium and non-equilibrium states; the latter provides a pathway toward... |
1,116,691,500,893 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
In flavor physics, the two ratios $R_D$ and $R_{D^*}$ are among
several long-term tensions between the Standard Model (SM) and the
related experimental measurements. These ratios are defined by
\begin{align}
R(\{D^*,D\}) \equiv \frac{\mathcal{B}(B_q\rightarrow \{D^*,D\}
\tau\nu)}{\mathcal{B}(B_... |
1,116,691,500,894 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Interference alignment, in a variety of forms \cite{Jafar_FnT}, has produced some of the most novel \cite{Cadambe_Jafar_int}, albeit fragile \cite{Arash_Jafar_GC15, Arash_Jafar_IC} solutions for circumventing the interference barrier in wireless interference networks. Remarkably, the same idea... |
1,116,691,500,895 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Wannier functions (WF) were introduced by Wannier in 1937 \cite{W} as bases
in subspaces of states corresponding to energy bands in solids, bases
consisting of exponentially localized functions (localized orbitals).
For periodic crystals they are defined as Fourier transform of Bloch
functions ... |
1,116,691,500,896 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:introduction}
\setcounter{footnote}{0}
Early numerical investigations of the formation of the first stars in metal-free
cosmic halos arrived at the conclusion that the stars were isolated and rather massive, with masses
$\gtrsim 100\,M_\odot$ \citep{Bromm:99,Bromm:02,Abel:00,Abel:02,... |
1,116,691,500,897 | arxiv |
\section{Introduction}
The operations performed by message passing Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) emulate the structure of the input graph. While this property has clear computational advantages, it brings with it a series of fundamental limitations. As observed by \citet{GIN} and \citet{morris2019weisfeiler} the local... |
1,116,691,500,898 | arxiv | \section*{Introduction}
\label{0}
In \cites{LZa,LZ}, we developed a theory of Grothendieck's six operations for
\'etale cohomology of Artin stacks and prove several desired properties
including the base change theorem. In the article, we develop the
corresponding adic formalism and establish adic analogues of ... |
1,116,691,500,899 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
One of the most important sectors of the standard model is Yang-Mills theory
which describes QCD and the electro-weak theory. The degrees of freedom of a
gauge theory are encoded in the connection$\ (A_{\mu})^{a}$, which is a Lie
algebra valued one form. The action functional is invariant u... |
1,116,691,500,900 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Denning's seminal work \cite{Denning76} proposed \textit{complete lattices} as the appropriate mathematical framework for questions regarding \textit{secure information flow} (SIF).
An information flow model (IFM) is characterised as
$\langle N, P, SC, \sqcup, \sqsubseteq \rangle$ where:
\textit{... |
1,116,691,500,901 | arxiv | \section{INTRODUCTION}
In recent years, many new charmed mesons have been discovered experimentally, including lots of orbitally high excited states. For example, in 2004, the FOCUS Collaboration \cite{Focus2004} and the Belle Collaboration \cite{Belle2004} observed the $D_0^{*}$, which is the $1P$ scalar and has been... |
1,116,691,500,902 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Partial Differential Equations with nonlocal or fractional operators are widely used to model scientific problems in mechanics, physics, signal processing and other subjects, see for example \cite{signal} and references therein. We consider in this paper a nonlocal conservation law which appears... |
1,116,691,500,903 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{sec:intro}
\begin{comment}
Thermodynamics was built on experimental grounds, in order to tame the power of fire~\cite{1824Carnot}. Initially centered on the notions of heat and temperature, this phenomenological approach has given rise to numerous applications, from heat engines to cryogen... |
1,116,691,500,904 | arxiv | \subsection{Graphs with large damage throttling number}\label{sec:largedamagethrot}
In this subsection, we show that there exists connected graphs with high cop number and high damage number. Since $c(G) \leq \operatorname{th}_c(G)$ for any graph $G$, if it were true that $\operatorname{th}_c(G) = O(\sqrt{n})$ for all ... |
1,116,691,500,905 | arxiv | \section*{#1}%
\else
\vspace{.05in}\footnotesize
\parindent .2in
{\upshape\bfseries #1. }\ignorespaces
\fi}
{\if@twocolumn\else\par\vspace{.1in}\fi}
\newenvironment{AMS}{\begin{@abssec}{\AMSname}}{\end{@abssec}}
\newcommand{\qed}{\nobreak \ifvmode \relax \else
\ifdim\lastskip<1.5em \hskip-\lastskip
\hskip1.5em plus0e... |
1,116,691,500,906 | arxiv |
\section{Acknowledgments}
This work was supported in part by National Key R{\&}D Program of China (2020AAA0107700), by National Natural Science Foundation of China (62102353, 62227805), by National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Information System Security (6142111210301), by State Key Laboratory of Math... |
1,116,691,500,907 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Multi-access edge computing (MEC) is an emerging service network architecture to push powerful services to the proximity of end users, which includes not only the network services as proposed in the formerly mobile cloud computing, but also sensing, computing, storage and intelligence. Thus, serv... |
1,116,691,500,908 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The success of the Standard Model (SM) has been confirmed by the LHC and it implies the existence of a mass gap between SM fields and possible new-physics (NP) states. Therefore, effective field theories (EFTs) are very convenient in order to study systematically low-energy data to search for tr... |
1,116,691,500,909 | arxiv | \section{The barycenter method}
I wish to search for a minimizer of a function $f : \mathcal{X} \rightarrow \mathbb{R}$ using the formula
\begin{equation}
\label{eq:barycenter}
\hat{x}_n = \frac{\sum_{i=1}^n x_i \mathrm{e}^{- \nu f(x_i)}}{\sum_{i=1}^n \mathrm{e}^{- \nu f(x_i)}},
\end{equation}
which expresses the cent... |
1,116,691,500,910 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Understanding the spectrum of hadrons reveals information on the non-perturbative aspects of QCD \cite{Godfrey:1998pd} and on the inner structure of hadrons.
The {Regge trajectory} is one of the effective approaches for studying hadron spectra \cite{Regge:1959mz,Collins:1971ff,Chew:1961ev,Hey:19... |
1,116,691,500,911 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Background knowledge plays a very important role in human conversations. For example, to have a meaningful conversation about a movie, one uses their knowledge about the plot, reviews, comments and facts about the movie.
A typical conversation involves recalling important points from this backg... |
1,116,691,500,912 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{sec:intro}
The popularity of cloud computing is clearly demonstrated by its wide adoption: for example, nearly 60\% of the Apache Spark installations are deployed in the Cloud~\cite{cloudera2018}. The benefit from embracing the Cloud paradigms typically lies in the reduced cost of ownershi... |
1,116,691,500,913 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
Supervised machine learning generally requires a large amount of labeled training data for an effective training of the underlying prediction model, especially when the prediction model is complex, \textit{e.g.}, Deep Neural Networks (DNN), where the number of parameters ... |
1,116,691,500,914 | arxiv | \subsection*{Acknowledgments}
The authors would like to thank CAPES, CNPQ, FUNAPE-GO, and FAPESP for partial financial support.
|
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.