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1,116,691,501,015
arxiv
\subsection*{Introduction} \noindent Lie detection is of considerable importance to modern society, in particular in connection with police investigations, court proceedings, and security questions. For example, the U.S. government invests large amounts of money for training ``behavior detection officers'' to detect t...
1,116,691,501,016
arxiv
\section*{Methods} {\small The device geometry as well as the edge contacts were defined using electron beam lithography and dry etching, in the method of Ref.~\onlinecite{Wang2013}. The backgate capacitance density was estimated to be $6.7\times 10^{10}~e\,\mathrm{cm^{-2}\,V^{-1}}$, where $e$ is the elementary charge...
1,116,691,501,017
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:intro} Theoretical models are an important and commonly used tool for interpreting and furthering our understanding of observed galaxy populations. Typically, these models are used to generate mock galaxy catalogues that can be compared to equivalent samples drawn from the real Unive...
1,116,691,501,018
arxiv
\section{Introduction}\label{intro} The study of extrasolar planetary systems has become a growing field of modern astronomy in the last ten to fifteen years. After the discovery of an exo-Jupiter in close orbit around 51 Peg by \citet{Mayor}, the number of detected exoplanets has greatly increased, thanks to improved...
1,116,691,501,019
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Recently there has been a considerable amount of research devoted to the following family of questions: suppose that square matrices $A$ and $B$ fulfil some relation ``approximately''. Can we then perturb $A$ and $B$ so that the resulting matrices $A'$ and $B'$ actually fulfil the relation in ...
1,116,691,501,020
arxiv
\section{Introduction} There have been two different traditional views on the formation history of the Milky Way. The first model was introduced by Eggen, Lynden-Bell \& Sandage (1962) to explain the kinematics of metal poor halo field stars in the solar neighbourhood. According to their view the Galaxy formed in...
1,116,691,501,021
arxiv
\section{Introduction}
1,116,691,501,022
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The analysis of the oscillation spectrum provides an unrivaled method for probing the stellar internal structure because the frequencies of these oscillations depend on the sound speed inside the star, which in turn depends on the density, temperature, gas motion, and other properties of the ste...
1,116,691,501,023
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{intro} Wireless sensor networks (WSN) consist of many nodes with sensing, computation, and communication capabilities, sharing a common wireless communication channel. In a typical WSN configuration, a large number of nodes measure possibly correlated data and transmit to a single collect...
1,116,691,501,024
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Recently high-energy, fixed angle behavior of string scattering amplitudes \cite{GM, Gross, GrossManes} was intensively reinvestigated \cite{ChanLee1,ChanLee2, CHL,CHLTY,PRL,Decay,Compact,susy,CC} for string states at arbitrary mass levels. The motivation was to uncover the long-sought hidden st...
1,116,691,501,025
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Coherent population trapping (CPT) \cite{alzetta1997induced, scully1997quantum, fleischhauer2005electromagnetically, bergmann1998coherent} is a quantum mechanical phenomenon in driven three-level $\Lambda$ systems used to make a specific material transparent to certain frequencies. Under appropr...
1,116,691,501,026
arxiv
\section{C-Space Singularities of the Four Bar mechanism}\label{sec:four_bar} Recently efforts have been made in the kinematics community to define and categorize kinematic singularities of linkages in a rigorous way \cite{muller:local_geometry}, \cite{muller:higher_order}, \cite{muller:sing_conf}. It has been observe...
1,116,691,501,027
arxiv
\section{Introduction} A few decades ago, a new topic in meson physics drew the attention of intermediate energy nuclear physicists. This was due to the finding that the interaction between the eta meson ($\eta$) and a nucleon is strongly attractive \cite{bhalerao} and that this interaction may generate sufficient ...
1,116,691,501,028
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Methods from semigroup theory provide an elegant abstract method to establish wellposedness, stability and convergence results for large classes of evolutionary partial differential equations, such as those which govern geometric heat flows. For such purposes, the most useful semigroups are t...
1,116,691,501,029
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:introduction} Topology optimization finds the optimal distribution of material in a given design domain $D$ to minimize a cost function and satisfy constraint function inequalities. In the classic element-wise uniform density based method, which in this paper we refer to as element-wis...
1,116,691,501,030
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \newcommand{0.82\linewidth}{0.82\linewidth} The interaction of heat current with electron spins is at the heart of spin caloritronics~\cite{spincat_review_Bauer}. It leads to thermal spin-transfer torques (STTs) on the magnetization in spin valves, magnetic tunnel junctions, and domain walls whe...
1,116,691,501,031
arxiv
\section*{Abstract} We prove a conjecture of Helleseth that claims that for any $n \geq 0$, a pair of binary maximal linear sequences of period $2^{2^n}-1$ can not have a three-valued cross-correlation function. \section{Introduction} The binary maximal linear sequences of period $2^m-1$ are the sequences of elements...
1,116,691,501,032
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The sphere packing problem in $\mathbb{R}^n$ is concerned with maximizing the proportion of Euclidean space covered by a set of balls of equal radius and disjoint interiors. We will mostly be concerned with the \emph{lattice} sphere packing problem, where the balls are required to be centered at ...
1,116,691,501,033
arxiv
\section{Related Works} \label{sec2} \paragraph{\fcircle[fill=black]{3pt} Neural Ordinary Differential Equations} As pointed out by \citep{chen2018neural}, the NODEs can be regarded as the continuous version of the ResNets having an infinite number of layers \citep{he2016deep}. The residual block of the ResNets is mat...
1,116,691,501,034
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Spontaneous emission is one of the most important features of atoms and so far mechanisms such as vacuum fluctuations \cite{Welton48, CPP83}, radiation reaction \cite{Ackerhalt73}, or a combination of them \cite{Milonni88} have been put forward to explain why spontaneous emission occurs. The am...
1,116,691,501,035
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{S:1} How genetic variation contributes to phenotypic variation is an essential question that must be answered to understand the evolutionary process. The experimental characterisation of the genotype-phenotype (GP) relationship is a formidable theoretical and experimental challenge, but a...
1,116,691,501,036
arxiv
\section{SDP formulation of the guessing probability} As shown in \cite{PCS+15}, it is possible to re-express the guessing probability presented in the main text as a SDP \cite{BV04,footnote2}. By defining $\tilde{\rho}_e^{\mathrm{A}\mathrm{B}} := p(e)\rho^{\mathrm{A}\mathrm{B}}_e$ the subnormalised state sent by Eve, ...
1,116,691,501,037
arxiv
\subsection{Topological partition function and the wavefunction} In~\cite{Ooguri:2004zv}, it is conjectured that the partition function of a 4d BPS black hole is related to the topological string partition function by \begin{equation} Z_{BH} = |Z_{top}|^2\,.\label{eq:ooguri} \end{equation} Furthermore, it is pointe...
1,116,691,501,038
arxiv
\section{Siegel units}\label{sec siegel} We recall some basic definitions and results about Siegel units, for which we refer the reader to \cite[\S 1]{kato} and \cite{kubert-lang}. Let $B_2 = X^2-X+\frac16$ be the second Bernoulli polynomial. For $x \in \mathbf{R}$, we define $B(x) = B_2(\{x\}) = \{x\}^2-\{x\}+\frac1...
1,116,691,501,039
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Mathematical models based on parabolic type equations with obstacles arise in various branches of science and technology: e.g., in mathematical biology (\cite{AABBK2011}), phase transitions problems (\cite{R1971}, \cite{V1996}), electrochemical industry (\cite{El1980}), stochastic control theo...
1,116,691,501,040
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Following \cite{Staffans2012_phys}, a natural class of $C_{0}$-semigroup generators $-A$ arising in the context of scattering passive systems in system theory, can be described as a block operator matrix of the following form: Let $E_{0},E,H,U$ be Hilbert spaces with $E_{0}\subseteq E$ dense and...
1,116,691,501,041
arxiv
\section{Active Tensor Sampling Method} \label{sec:active_strategy} The complete flowchart of our MRI reconstruction framework is illustrated in Fig.~\ref{fig:whole_framework}. In order to design an active sampling method for MRI reconstruction, two questions need to be answered: (1) How can we pick informative samples...
1,116,691,501,042
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Observations of ultra-high-energy (UHE; \mbox{$> 10^{18}$}~eV) cosmic rays (CRs), and attempts to detect their expected counterpart neutrinos, are hampered by their extremely low flux. The detection of a significant number of UHE particles requires the use of extremely large detectors, or the ...
1,116,691,501,043
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The search for new particles has been given a boost with the discovery of a Higgs boson at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN \cite{ATLAS:2012ae,Chatrchyan:2012tx}. While we are still awaiting confirmation of whether this is the long-awaited Higgs boson of the Standard Model (SM) or, as it a...
1,116,691,501,044
arxiv
\section{\@startsection{section}{1}{\z@} \makeatother \setcounter{page}{1} \field{A} \title{A Pseudo Multi-Exposure Fusion Method Using Single Image} \authorlist \authorentry{Yuma KINOSHITA}{s}{tmu} \authorentry{Sayaka SHIOTA}{m}{tmu} \authorentry{Hitoshi Kiya}{f}{tmu} } \affiliate[tmu]{ Department of Informatio...
1,116,691,501,045
arxiv
\section{Introduction} How users interact with the Internet has evolved from the birth of Web 2.0. The convenience of storing, publishing and sharing contents results in an information overload for users when getting information which they are interested in. The recommender system, with the purposes of improving user e...
1,116,691,501,046
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Gravitational microlensing provides a unique window on extrasolar planetary systems with sensitivity to cool, low-mass planets \citep{1996ApJ...472..660B,2006Natur.439..437B, 2006ApJ...644L..37G, 2008ApJ...684..663B,2008A&A...483..317K, 2010ApJ...710.1641S} that are currently well beyond the re...
1,116,691,501,047
arxiv
\section{Introduction} CMEs are often observed to have twisted ``flux rope'' magnetic field structures \citep{liu2008,vourlidas2014}. If favorably oriented, these can lead to extended southward excursions of the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) as the CME passes by, resulting in periods of enhanced reconnection on E...
1,116,691,501,048
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Making audio recordings of lectures is cheap (in money and time), and technically straightforward. Together, these mean that it is easy for lecturing staff to create this additional resource without much in the way of support, which in turn makes it easy for them to do so routinely and robustly...
1,116,691,501,049
arxiv
\section{Conclusion} \label{sec:conclusion} In this paper we introduced TensorFlow Ranking---a scalable learning-to-rank library in TensorFlow. The library is highly configurable and has easy-to-use APIs for scoring mechanisms, loss functions, and evaluation metrics. Unlike the existing learning-to-rank open source pa...
1,116,691,501,050
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Direct detection sensors \cite{gizeli2004biomolecular} aim at continuous, real time monitoring of the presence and concentration of chemical compounds without the need of a preliminary sample preparation step. Amongst the various direct detection strategies including electrochemical methods \ci...
1,116,691,501,051
arxiv
\section*{\bf \Large Asymptotic complexity} The asymptotic complexity analysis of the method in \cite{zha1999updating} is as follows. We need $O\left(ns^2 + nsk\right)$ FLOPs to form $(I_s-V_kV_k^H)E^H$ and compute its QR decomposition. The SVD of the matrix $Z^HAW$ requires $O\left((k+s)^3\right)$ FLOPs. Finally, t...
1,116,691,501,052
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Horizontal cylindrical rotating tumblers that are partially filled with granular materials are considered a canonical system for the study of flowing granular materials. They are commonly used in industrial processes for mixing, coating, and granulation. Although granular flow in cylindrical tum...
1,116,691,501,053
arxiv
\subsection*{DATA AVAILABILITY} The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request. \subsection*{REFERENCES}
1,116,691,501,054
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Coordinated multi-point transmission and reception (CoMP) has emerged as one of the key technologies for fifth generation (5G) and beyond 5G communications. In the downlink CoMP system, the base stations (BSs) in a CoMP cluster jointly assign dedicated resources to cell-edge users and prohibits t...
1,116,691,501,055
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:emp_intro} \input{emp_intro} \input{emp_body} \section{Conclusion} \label{sec:emp_conclu} \input{emp_conclu} \section*{Acknowledgements} We thank the anonymous referee for insightful feedback, Alina Böcker, Christoph Engler, and Mattis Magg for useful discussions and inputs. Special...
1,116,691,501,056
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \textbf{RMT architecture and the P4 language}: In recent years, reconfigurable match-action table (RMT)~\cite{bosshart2013forwarding} architecture-based programmable switches have become increasingly popular and have seen widespread deployment. The P4 language has emerged as the de-facto stand...
1,116,691,501,057
arxiv
\section{Introduction}\label{intro} Let $\Gamma$ be a distance-regular graph~with valency $k$ and let $\theta_{\min}=\theta_{\min}(\Gamma)$ be its smallest eigenvalue. Any clique $C$ in $\Gamma$ satisfies \begin{equation}\label{hoffman-bd} |C|\leq 1-\frac{k}{\theta_{\min}} \end{equation} (see \cite[Proposition 4.4.6 (i...
1,116,691,501,058
arxiv
\section{INTRODUCTION} {\em Ab initio} calculations have shed light on many questions in physics, chemistry, and materials science, including chemical reactions in solution \cite{SprikBlumberger05,SprikBlumberger06} and at surfaces.\cite{Radeke97,Norskov-Greeley02,Gross02} However, first principles calculations h...
1,116,691,501,059
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Quantum computation offers a new and exciting perspective to information processing, as it has been found that certain problems can be solved more efficiently on a quantum computer than on a classical device. Despite considerable effort it is however not fully understood which features of quan...
1,116,691,501,060
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Coverage is a widely studied research area and one of the most important problem in wireless sensor networks (WSNs) for monitoring, surveillance, etc. Based on the subject to be covered by a set of sensors, it is classified into three categories, such as point coverage, area coverage and barrier...
1,116,691,501,061
arxiv
\section{introduction} Entanglement has been a vital physical resource for quantum information processing, such as quantum communication \cite{eke91,ben93} and quantum computation \cite{ben00,rau01,llb01}. Therefore, the characterization of entanglement for a given quantum state is a fundamental problem. Bipartite enta...
1,116,691,501,062
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{s:intro} Let $G$ be a finite simple graph with $n$ vertices and $m$ edges. A \emph{thrackle drawing} of $G$ on the plane is a drawing $\mathcal{T}:G\rightarrow\reals^2$, in which every pair of edges meets precisely once, either at a common vertex or at a point of proper crossing (see \cit...
1,116,691,501,063
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:introduction} Raster images often have distortions connected with their raster structure. These distortions can for example be an undersampling, distorted intensity response curves or processing like sharpening or unsharp mask. Upsampling the distorted images, using for...
1,116,691,501,064
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The Quadratic Unconstrained Binary Optimization (QUBO) modeling format, $max \; x'Qx; \; x \in \{0,1\}$, has grown in popularity in the last decade and it has been shown that all of Karp's NP-complete problems as well as many constrained problems can be transformed to QUBO (see \cite{kochenberger...
1,116,691,501,065
arxiv
\section{Introduction} In the areas of computer communications and electronic transactions, one of important topic is how to send data in a confidential and authenticated way. Usually, the confidentiality of delivered data is provided by encryption algorithms, and the authentication of messages is guaranteed by digita...
1,116,691,501,066
arxiv
\section{Background} We earlier described two taggers for French: the statistical one having an accuracy of 95--97~\% and the constraint-based one 97--99~\% (see \cite{CT94,CT95}). The disambiguation has been already described, and here we discuss the other stages of the process, namely the definition of the tagset, ...
1,116,691,501,067
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:Introduction} Reinforcement learning (RL) has achieved impressive success at complex tasks, from mastering the game of Go~\citep{silver2016mastering,silver2017mastering} to robotics~\citep{gu2017deep,openai2020learning}. However, this success has been mostly limited to solving a singl...
1,116,691,501,068
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Supersymmetric field theories in flat backgrounds can be generalized to curved backgrounds by coupling them with supergravity and taking the gravity multiplets non-dynamic \cite{Festuccia Seiberg}. Preserved supersymmetries in those cases are found by calculating the vanishing condition of the...
1,116,691,501,069
arxiv
\section{INTRODUCTION} The application of quantum field theory to curved space has resulted in a large array of interesting and important results. These include black hole evaporation\cite{Hawk1} and its implications for black hole thermodynamics\cite{GH} , the dissipation of anisotropy by particle production in cosm...
1,116,691,501,070
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec1} The DUNE experiment aims at addressing key questions in neutrino physics and astroparticle physics~ \cite{duneCDRv2}. It includes precision measurements of the parameters that govern neutrino oscillations with the goal of measuring the CP violating phase and the neutrino mass orderi...
1,116,691,501,071
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The planar dimer model is a classical statistical mechanics model, involving the study of the set of \emph{dimer covers} (perfect matchings) of a planar, edge-weighted graph. In the 1960s, Kasteleyn \cites{Kast61,Kast63} and Temperley and Fisher \cite{TF61} showed how to compute the (weighted) ...
1,116,691,501,072
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Over the last decade, optical metasurfaces, representing nm-thin planar arrays of resonant subwavelength elements, have been extensively investigated, demonstrating diverse and multiple functionalities that make use of the available complete control over the transmitted and reflected fields \cite...
1,116,691,501,073
arxiv
\section{Motivation and outline of this article} The concept of "stochastic parallel transport" in a vector bundle $E$ over a Riemannian manifold $M$ is usually presented as a byproduct of the concept of "stochastic differential equation"; this is the approach taken in most texts, for instance in \cite{IW89} and in ...
1,116,691,501,074
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec::intro} Let $f$ be a smooth, real-valued function defined on a compact set $\K\in \R^d$. In this paper, $f$ will be a regression function or a density function. The Morse-Smale complex of $f$ is a partition of $\K$ based on the gradient flow induced by $f$. Roughly speaking, the co...
1,116,691,501,075
arxiv
\section{INTRODUCTION} In geometrically frustrated magnet, a macroscopic degeneracy remains in the ground state at zero temperature, as long as the geometry is preserved. Such a situation contradicts the third law of thermodynamics and small perturbations, which can induce non-trivial quantum states, play an i...
1,116,691,501,076
arxiv
\section{INTRODUCTION} \label{sec:intro}\vspace{-0.2cm} Salient object detection (SOD) aims to locate image regions that attract much human visual attention. It is useful in many computer vision tasks, \emph{e.g.,} object segmentation \cite{SaliencyAwareVO}, tracking \cite{2019Non}, image/video compression \cite{2010A}...
1,116,691,501,077
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \subsection{Setting and Main Theorem} We will study periodic finite-range Schr\"{o}dinger operators of the form \begin{equation} \label{eq:A+Vdef} H = A + V, \end{equation} acting in $\ell^2({\mathbbm{Z}}^d)$, where $V$ is periodic and $A$ is a Toeplitz operator given by \[[A\psi]_n = \sum_{m \...
1,116,691,501,078
arxiv
\section{Introduction} III-V semiconductor nanowires combined with superconducting electrodes are versatile building blocks for various applications in the field of quantum computation and experiments addressing fundamental aspects of quantum nanostructures. Josephson junctions formed by two superconducting electrodes...
1,116,691,501,079
arxiv
\section{Introduction} It is well-established that the symmetries of a superconducting order parameter influence many of the physical properties of a superconductor\cite{anderson1959theory,ferrell1959knight,anderson1959knight,sigrist1991phenomenological,van1995phase,tsuei2000pairing,balatsky2006impurity,qi2011topologi...
1,116,691,501,080
arxiv
\section{Motivations and overview} The question on knowing the asymptotic growth of the norm of the powers of a given matrix is a well-known exercise of linear algebra. Its Lyapunov spectrum, in terms of limit exponential behavior, which is defined by the Lyapunov exponents (i.e. logarithms of the eigenvalues) and eig...
1,116,691,501,081
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Protoplanetary disks are the birthplace of planets. With a significant amount of substructure observed both in the dust and the gas \citep[e.g.][]{Andrews18}, it is highly likely that with the Atacama Large (sub-)Millimeter Array (ALMA) we are witnessing first-hand the assembly of planetary syst...
1,116,691,501,082
arxiv
\section{\label{sec:intro}Introduction} Solving for the spectrum of Hamiltonians is a very important scientific problem with applications to the study of molecules (quantum chemistry), atomic physics, solid state physics, etc. Certain applications also require very high precision in the spectrum if one is to understand...
1,116,691,501,083
arxiv
\section[Introduction]{Introduction} Accurate prediction and cost-effective containment of epidemics in human and animal populations are fundamental problems in mathematical epidemiology~\cite{Pastor-Satorras2015a,Diekmann2000,Kiss2017}. In order to achieve these goals, it is indispensable to develop effective mathem...
1,116,691,501,084
arxiv
\section{Introduction}\label{sec:intro} It is essential to calibrate the true redshift distribution of galaxies in a photometric survey if the survey is to be utilized to its full potential. One application of survey data that requires a detailed understanding of the distribution of galaxies is weak gravitational len...
1,116,691,501,085
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \textbf{Context and Scope:} The US healthcare system is a complex setup governed and managed by state and federal agencies. Managed Care is a health delivery system utilised by Medicaid to manage cost, utilization and quality of healthcare. The Managed Care system uses contract agreements betwee...
1,116,691,501,086
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{} The perturbative expansion in the strong coupling $\alpha_s$ is the main approach to predictions in quantum chromodynamics (QCD) at sufficiently high energies. However, the expansion parameter, $\alpha_s$, is not a physical observable of the theory. Its definition carries a dependenc...
1,116,691,501,087
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \textbf{ The gedanken experiment of Maxwell's demon has led to the studies concerning the foundations of thermodynamics and statistical mechanics~\cite{Leff2002}. The demon measures fluctuations of a system's observable and converts the information gain into work via feedback control~\cite{Sagawa...
1,116,691,501,088
arxiv
\section{Introduction} A tricritical point (or line) is where a first-order phase transition terminates in the phase diagram. It is important to locate the tricritical point in various phenomenological models, since the first-order phase transition of the early universe may produce the baryon asymmetry \cite{Kuzmin:19...
1,116,691,501,089
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Our aim in the present paper is threefold: \begin{enumerate} \item To generalise the concept of duality (introduced in \cite{QCR} for ordinary difference equations) to lattice equations; \item To use duality to derive the 3 dimensional (3D) lattice equation \begin{equation} \label{DAKP} \be...
1,116,691,501,090
arxiv
\section{Conclusion} \label{sec:con} In this paper, we study practical shilling attacks. We analyze the limitations of existing works and design a new framework PC-Attack\xspace that transfers the knowledge to attack the victim RS on incomplete target dataset. Experimental results demonstrate the superiority of PC-At...
1,116,691,501,091
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Since the early 90's, the growing number of galaxy surveys exploring different wavelengths and cosmological volumes have provided an immense body of data to reconstruct the formation and evolution of galaxies (e.g. \citealt{york+00,steidel+03,lefevre+05,lilly+07,walter+08,baldry+10,grogin+11,koe...
1,116,691,501,092
arxiv
\section{Motivation} The PIENU experiment at TRIUMF \cite{pienu} is aiming at a measurement of the branching ratio $R=\Gamma (\pi\rightarrow e\nu + \pi\rightarrow e\nu\gamma)/ \Gamma (\pi\rightarrow \mu\nu + \pi\rightarrow \mu\nu\gamma)$ with precision $<$0.1\%. The principal instrument used to measure positron energi...
1,116,691,501,093
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{Sec:Int} The idea of detecting gravitational waves (GWs) by monitoring the arrival times of radio pulses from neutron stars (i.e., by \emph{pulsar timing}) was first proposed by Sazhin \cite{1978SvA....22...36S} and Detweiler \cite{1979ApJ...234.1100D}; its modern formulation by Hellings a...
1,116,691,501,094
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Fuelling the ever-growing need for energy\cite{EIA2013} by fossil combustibles is expected to have dramatic, global consequences on climate and ecosystems. These environmental effects, in combination with the depletion of fossil fuel reserves, have led to a pressing need for developing technolog...
1,116,691,501,095
arxiv
\section{Background} The quest for new materials functionalities is especially vigorous in transition metal oxides (TMOs), with quasi-two dimensional (q2D) classes causing great activity. The cuprate superconductors, with high superconducting critical temperature (HTS) T$_c$, provide the most prominent example, b...
1,116,691,501,096
arxiv
\section{Introduction} In coupling optical and mechanical degrees of freedom via radiation pressure forces, optomechanical systems offer a promising platform by which one can prepare and control macroscopic nonclassical states of a mechanical resonator \cite{aspelmeyer:2013,poot:2012,aspelmeyer:2008}. Experiments \cit...
1,116,691,501,097
arxiv
\section{#1}} \renewcommand{\theequation}{\thesection.\arabic{equation}} \newcommand\defeq{\mathrel{\overset{\makebox[0pt] {\mbox{\normalfont\tiny\sffamily def}}}{=}}} \newcommand{\mathbin{\raisebox{0.5ex}{,}}}{\mathbin{\raisebox{0.5ex}{,}}} \title{Recurrence relations for the ${\cal W}_3$ conformal blocks and ${\cal...
1,116,691,501,098
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Let $(M, g)$ be a Riemannian manifold with Levi-Civita connection $\nabla$ and curvature tensor $R$. If $V$ is an $n$-dimensional vector space identified with the tangent space at an arbitrary point in $M$, denote by ${\mathcal R}(V)$ the linear space of all tensors of type (0,4) over $V$ h...
1,116,691,501,099
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Cosmic far-infrared background (CFIRB) originates from unresolved dusty star-forming galaxies from all redshifts and accounts for half of the extragalactic background light generated by galaxies. In dusty star-forming galaxies, $\sim90\%$ of the ultraviolet (UV) photons produced by recent star-...
1,116,691,501,100
arxiv
\section*{Introduction} \noindent The ground field $\bbk$ is algebraically closed and of characteristic $0$. A commutative associative $\bbk$-algebra ${\ca}$ is a {\it Poisson algebra\/} if there is an additional anticommutative bilinear operation $\{\,\,,\,\}\!:\,\ca\times \ca \to\ca$ called a {\it Poisson bracket} ...
1,116,691,501,101
arxiv
\section{Introduction}\label{sec:intro} In hot and dense medium arising in core-collapse supernova (CCSN) and binary neutron star merger (BNSM), neutrinos play a key role in transporting energy, momentum, and lepton-number. Once neutrinos are produced by weak interactions, they travel in medium. A fraction of these neu...
1,116,691,501,102
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Recent work in meta reinforcement learning (RL) has begun to tackle the challenging problem of automatically discovering general-purpose RL algorithms~\citep{kirsch2019improving,alet2020meta,oh2020discovering}. These methods learn to reinforcement learn by optimizing for earned reward over th...
1,116,691,501,103
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The focus of the present paper is the asymptotic shape of positive global solutions of parabolic systems with competition on bounded radial domains with Neumann boundary conditions. The problem which mainly motivates our study is the following Lotka-Volterra System of two equations: \begi...
1,116,691,501,104
arxiv
\section{Introduction}\label{Sec:intro} \input{01-tacnuc-intro.tex} \section{Example 1: Concept lattices and poset bicompletions}\label{Sec:FCA} \input{02-tacnuc-FCA.tex} \section{Example 2: Nuclei in linear algebra}\label{Sec:lin} \input{03-tacnuc-lin.tex} \section{Example 3: Nuclear Chu spaces}\label{Sec:chu} \inp...
1,116,691,501,105
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Amorphous optical media such as the amorphous silicon are used extensively as waveguides in optoelectronic devices \cite{Street,Dood}. Because of the strong light confinement and the sub-wavelength core size of these waveguides, light propagates paraxially along their axis. Normally defects a...
1,116,691,501,106
arxiv
\section{Heuristic description of MHD instabilities} \label{sec:gen} This first section is intended to provide the reader with some qualitative and semi-quantitative ideas about the onset and characteristics of pressure-driven instabilities, leaving technical aspects of the stability analysis to the later sections. \...
1,116,691,501,107
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The usage of nonparametric density estimation techniques has seen a quick growth in the latest years both in High Energy Physics (HEP) and in other fields of Science dealing with multi-variate data samples. Indeed, the improvement in the computing resources available for data analysis allows t...
1,116,691,501,108
arxiv
\section{Definitions and background} A finite zero-sum game with perfect information and simultaneous moves can be described by a tuple $(\mathcal{N}, \mathcal{H}, \mathcal{Z}, \mathcal{A}, \mathcal{T}, u_1, h_0)$, where $\mathcal{N} = \{ 1, 2\}$ contains player labels, $\mathcal{H}$ is a set of inner states and ...
1,116,691,501,109
arxiv
\section{Appendix A: Lower bounding the steering Tsirelson bound through a relaxation of the set of quantum assemblages}\label{ap:sdp} In this appendix we present the details of a relaxation of the set of quantum assemblages, which we call `almost quantum' and denote by $\mathcal{\widetilde{Q}}$ \cite{TorNavVer14}. Th...
1,116,691,501,110
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{introduction} The ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collisions at the BNL Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) and the CERN Large Hadron Collider (LHC) have created a partonic matter at extreme conditions of temperature and energy densities, the quark-gluon plasma (QGP), which is governed by ...
1,116,691,501,111
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Please follow the steps outlined below when submitting your manuscript to the IEEE Computer Society Press. This style guide now has several important modifications (for example, you are no longer warned against the use of sticky tape to attach your artwork to the paper), so all authors should r...
1,116,691,501,112
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:intro} \vspace{-.1cm} Humans are able to focus on a source of interest within a complex acoustic scene, a task referred to as the cocktail party problem~\cite{cherry1953some,mcdermott2009cocktail}. % Research in audio source separation has been dedicated to enabling machines to solve...
1,116,691,501,113
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Cluster algebras and quiver mutation were introduced by Fomin and Zelevinsky \cite{FZ}, and (additive) categorification of such structures, often in terms of triangulated categories, have successfully contributed to the development of a rich theory, see e.g. the surveys by Keller\cite{Kel3,K...
1,116,691,501,114
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Deep learning-based image recognition studies have been recently achieving very accurate performance in visual applications, e.g. image classification \cite{deep_vgg, deep_resnet, deep_densenet}, face recognition, \cite{Luu_FG2011, Duong_ICASSP2011, Nguyen_2021_CVPR, duong2020vec2face, Quach_...