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1,116,691,501,315 | arxiv |
\chapter*{List of Acronyms}
\begin{acronym}
\acro{AI}{Artificial Intelligence}
\acro{AGL}{Above Ground Level}
\acro{ANN}{Artificial Neural Network}
\acro{CPU}{Central Processing Unit}
\acro{COTS}{commercial-off-the-shelf}
\acro{CAGR}{Compound Annual Growth Rate}
\acro{CNN}{Convolutional Neural Network}
\acro{CRNN}{... |
1,116,691,501,316 | arxiv | \section{Introduction\label{intro}}
Relativistic perfect fluids with a linear equation of state on a prescribed spacetime $(M,\gt)$ are governed by the relativistic Euler equations\footnote{Our indexing conventions are as follows: lower case Latin letters, e.g. $i,j,k$,
will label spacetime coordinate indices that run... |
1,116,691,501,317 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
In his famous 4-th problem, Hilbert asked to characterize metric geometries whose geodesics are straight lines. He constructed a special class of examples, nowadays called \emph{Hilbert geometries} \cite{hilbert1895,hilbert1899}. These geometries have attracted a lot of interest, see for examp... |
1,116,691,501,318 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Dark matter is an essential ingredient in a good fraction of the
literature on extragalactic astronomy and cosmology.
Since dark matter cannot be made of any of the usual
standard-model particles (as we will discuss below), dark matter
is also a central focus of elementary-particle physics. The... |
1,116,691,501,319 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The field of quantum computing has undergone an explosion of activity over the past few years. Several important quantum algorithms are now known. Moreover, prototypical quantum computers have already been built using nuclear magnetic resonance [1, 2] and nonlinear optics technologies [3]. Such ... |
1,116,691,501,320 | arxiv | \section{On the completeness of two existing formulations}
\label{sec:Appendix}
In this section, we present the edge assignment formulation and the extended edge formulation including NDDs, as proposed by \cite{Constantino2013}. We show that for these formulations to model chains correctly, the inclusion of infeasible-... |
1,116,691,501,321 | arxiv |
\section{Background}
\label{sec:bg}
\subsection{Maps of $2$-monads}
\label{subsec:mm}
The construction which we introduce here takes for its input a map $\Mmap:\Smon\rightarrow \Cmon$ of $2$-monads on $\cat\cK$. For clarity we stress that the usual diagrams commute on the nose. We rehearse some folklore related to t... |
1,116,691,501,322 | arxiv | \section{Scientific motivation}
\label{sec:fundlimits}
Direct imaging of exoplanets and circumstellar dust with space and ground telescopes is challenging due the high flux ration between the central star and the object of interest (planet or disk), combined with the small angular separation between the sources. High ... |
1,116,691,501,323 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{intro}
Although not a new branch of research, the physics of superconductors
appears the more and more to provide us with a source of
experimental and theoretical challenges,
calling for a better understanding of quantum phenomena.
In particular, this is true for high temperatu... |
1,116,691,501,324 | arxiv | \section{INTRODUCTION}
Model based control approaches are used successfully to control complex dynamic systems \cite{pilco}, \cite{minmax}, \cite{legged}, \cite{derl}. These approaches rely on using the dynamic model
of the system to compute the control law for a task in hand. In model based approaches once the control... |
1,116,691,501,325 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Stochastic differential geometry of infinite-dimensional manifolds has been
a very active topic of research in recent times. One of the important and
intriguing problems discussed concerns the construction of spaces of
differential forms over such manifolds and the study of the corresponding
L... |
1,116,691,501,326 | arxiv | \section{Introduction\label{sec:intro}}
Throughout this paper, we assume that icon images, or pictogram, are designed by abstracting and simplifying some object images.
Figure~\ref{fig:icon_sample} shows the black-and-white icon images provided in Microsoft PowerPoint. We can observe that icon images are not just bina... |
1,116,691,501,327 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Structural materials are used in a variety of applications with
widely ranging, often complex mechanical and chemical requirements.
For example, a car's crumple zone must retain its shape
and stability during normal operation while irreversibly deforming during a collision.
Several aspects deter... |
1,116,691,501,328 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
Many dependent type theories support some form of inductive types. An
inductive type is given by its constructors, along with an elimination
principle which expresses that it is enough to consider the
constructors when defining a function out of the inductive type.
For example... |
1,116,691,501,329 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Upgrading existing fiber links with transponders operating at higher data rates typically requires to improve the optical signal--to--noise
ratio (OSNR). Codirectional Raman amplification is an attractive technology to increase the performance of optical fiber links~\cite{Krummrich-ECOC-01}.
... |
1,116,691,501,330 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The von Neumann entropy, given by $S(\rho)=-\mathrm{Tr}{\rho\log\rho}$ for a quantum
state (density operator) $\rho$, is one of the cornerstones of quantum information
theory. It plays an essential role in the expressions for the best achievable rates
of virtually every coding theorem. In partic... |
1,116,691,501,331 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Particles floating on water and stirred by turbulence tend to segregate into string-like clusters~\cite{bib:cressman2004_NJP, bib:larkin2009_PRE,bib:lovecchio2013_PRE,bib:lovecchio2014} as they disperse.
Similarly, a passive scalar (let say the concentration field of a given substance) stirred o... |
1,116,691,501,332 | arxiv | \section{Glossary}
\paragraph{Measure-theoretic dynamical system}
Let $(Z,\mathscr{C},\kappa)$ be a standard probability Borel space. Assume $R\colon X\to X$ is invertible (a.e.), bi-measurable and $\kappa$-preserving. Then $R$ is called an {\em automorphism} or (invertible) {\em measure-preserving transformation} and... |
1,116,691,501,333 | arxiv | \subsubsection*{\bf 1. Where, how and when?}
\noindent
Gaia will be launched from ESA/Kourou (French Guyana) onboard a
Soyuz-Fregat rocket in June 2013. Deployment will be at the L2
Lagrange Point, with the first community release of alerts expected in
mid 2014 (internal verification will begin in early 2014). The mi... |
1,116,691,501,334 | arxiv | \section*{Torsion-balance probes of fundamental physics}
\setcounter{page}{1}
\setcounter{section}{0}
{\bf E. G. Adelberger\newline
Department of Physics, University of Washington, Seattle WA 98195-4290}
\newline
Modern torsion-balance experiments address a wide range of contemporary problems in fundamental physi... |
1,116,691,501,335 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
The properties of galaxies are directly affected by their host environment. In the local universe, red, passive, early-type galaxies are preferentially found in dense regions and galaxy clusters while blue, star-forming, late-type galaxies dominate in less dense, field environm... |
1,116,691,501,336 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The most popular mechanism for the formation of large-scale structure
and motions in the Universe is the gravitational growth of primordial
density perturbations. According to this paradigm, if the density
perturbations are small enough to be approximated by a linear theory,
then the peculiar a... |
1,116,691,501,337 | arxiv | \section{#1}}
\renewcommand{\theequation}{\thesection.\arabic{equation}}
\newcommand{\app}[1]{\setcounter{section}{0}
\setcounter{equation}{0} \renewcommand{\thesection}{\Alph{section}}
\section{#1}}
\newcommand{\begin{equation}}{\begin{equation}}
\newcommand{\eqa}{\begin{eqnarray}}
\newcommand{\end{equation}}{\en... |
1,116,691,501,338 | arxiv | \section{Algorithms}
\label{sec:algorithms}
In this section, we discuss computational aspects of deciding our
bisimulation. Since $\sim$ is a relation over distributions over the
system's state space, it is uncountably infinite even for simple
finite systems, which makes it in principle intricate to
decide. Fortunatel... |
1,116,691,501,339 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
One of the most important problems in theoretical physics is the
unification between the Einstein's general theory of relativity and
the Standard Model of particle physics [1]. According to Ref. [1],
two important predictions of this unification are the following:
$(i)$ the existence of extr... |
1,116,691,501,340 | arxiv |
\section{Introduction}
\begin{figure}[ht]
\centering
\includegraphics[width=.8\linewidth]{overview.pdf}
\caption{
\small
{Learning robust joint representations via multimodal cyclic translations. Top: cyclic translations from a source modality (language) to a target modality (visual). Bottom: the representation learn... |
1,116,691,501,341 | arxiv | \section{\label{}}
\section{THE MILAGRO OBSERVATORY}
Milagro is a TeV gamma-ray detector which uses the water Cherenkov technique to detect
extensive air-showers produced by very high energy (VHE, $>$ 100 GeV) gamma rays as they
interact with the Earth's atmosphere. Milagro is located in the Jemez Mountains of north... |
1,116,691,501,342 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
Computer simulation experiments play an increasingly pivotal role in
scientific inquiry. STEM training, cheap hardware, and robust numerical
libraries have democratized simulation as a means of exploration of complex
physical \citep[e.g.,][]{mehta2014modeling}, biological
\ci... |
1,116,691,501,343 | arxiv | \section{INTRODUCTION}
Recently, observations and theoretical considerations have linked
long-duration GRBs with ultra-bright Type Ib/c supernovae (SNe;
Galama et al. 1998, 2000; Bloom et al. 1999). The first candidate
was provided by SN 1998bw and GRB 980425, and the recent HETE-II
burst GRB 030329 has greatly enhanc... |
1,116,691,501,344 | arxiv |
\section{Introduction}
With the renewed interest for information-theoretic security, there have been several attempts to develop low-complexity coding schemes achieving the fundamental secrecy limits of the wiretap channel models. In particular, explicit coding schemes based on low-density parity-check codes~\cite{... |
1,116,691,501,345 | arxiv | \section{Introduction.}
Surface layering at metallic liquid-vapor interfaces was
suggested in the early eighties by Monte Carlo simulations of alkali metal
liquid surfaces \cite{develyn:prl47:44}.
Subsequently, more elaborate Monte Carlo techniques (see \cite{rice:ms29:93}
and references therein), experimental measur... |
1,116,691,501,346 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Semiclassical methods represent one of the main tools to investigate non-perturbative phenomena in Quantum Field Theory (QFT). Vacuum decay \cite{Kobzarev:1974cp,Coleman:1977py}, instantons \cite{tHooft:1976snw}, topological defects and multiparticle production \cite{Rubakov:1995hq,Son:1995wz} ... |
1,116,691,501,347 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The spin-1/2 antiferromagnetic Heisenberg XXZ chain is one of the most
fundamental models for one-dimensional quantum magnetism,
which is given by the Hamiltonian
\begin{align}
\mathcal{H}=\sum_{j=1}^{N}
\( S_{j}^x S_{j+1}^x + S_{j}^y S_{j+1}^y + \d S_{j}^z S_{j+1}^z \),
\label{Ham}
\end{align}
... |
1,116,691,501,348 | arxiv | \section*{Abstract}
\textit{The evidence is growing that machine and deep learning methods can learn the subtle differences between the language produced by people with various forms of cognitive impairment such as dementia and cognitively healthy individuals. Valuable public data repositories such as TalkBank have ma... |
1,116,691,501,349 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Salient object detection (SOD) task aims to locate the most attractive and interesting objects or regions from an image, which is consistent with the human visual attention mechanism, and has been applied to image segmentation \cite{sun2019saliency, DBLP:journals/tcsv/ShiXZZWLZ22, DBLP:journals/t... |
1,116,691,501,350 | arxiv | \section*{Supplementary Information}
\section{Design and simulations}
\subsection{Subwavelength element simulations}
\PillarCalc
Comparisons of our rigorous coupled-wave analysis (RCWA) MATLAB code to open source planewave expansion \cite{Johnson_OE_01} and RCWA software \cite{Liu_CPC_12} are shown in Fig.~\ref{Fig:Pil... |
1,116,691,501,351 | arxiv | \section{Introduction }
\hskip .5cm
Recently in several papers
(\cite{Lukier91} - \cite{Chaichian}) there were
considered quantum deformations of $D=4$ Poincar{\'e} algebra which
describes the relativistic symmetries. Subsequently we would like to
stress here that
during the last twenty years the supersymmetric exten... |
1,116,691,501,352 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
Let $S$ or $S_g$ denote a compact, connected, orientable surface of genus $g$, where $g \geq 2$.
A simple closed curve on $S$ is {\em essential} if does not bound a disk in $S$.
The complex of curves, introduced by Harvey \cite{[Ha]}, is the simplicial complex, $\mathcal{C}(S)... |
1,116,691,501,353 | arxiv | \section{\label{sec:intro}Introduction}
Late--time cosmic acceleration is best described in general relativity (GR) by the inclusion of cold dark matter (CDM) and a cosmological constant ($\Lambda$) which are both embodied in the $\Lambda$CDM concordance model \cite{Peebles:2002gy,Copeland:2006wr}. In this setting, CD... |
1,116,691,501,354 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The formula for the absolute entropy of a monoatomic ideal gas
is named after Otto Sackur and Hugo Tetrode
who independently derived it in~1912~\cite{sackur2,tetrode,sackur}.
In classical thermodynamics the entropy of a monoatomic ideal gas is
\begin{equation}\label{Skl}
S(E,V,N) = kN \left( ... |
1,116,691,501,355 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The goal of this paper is to study the possible fate of
a nonlocal diffusion
strategy for a biological population
in presence of a highly oscillating distribution of resource.
The study of dispersal
strategies and the comparison between local and nonlocal
diffusive behaviors have recently attra... |
1,116,691,501,356 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
Galaxy clusters grow by the gravitational accretion of smaller cosmic structures. These accreted structures vary in size, from individual galaxies, to galaxy groups containing tens or hundreds of member galaxies, to major cluster-cluster mergers involving thousands of galaxies ... |
1,116,691,501,357 | arxiv |
\section{Introduction}\label{sec:introduction}
Traditionally, machine learning treats the world as \textit{closed} and \textit{static} space. In particular for classification, domain data is assumed to comprise pre-defined classes with stationary class-conditional distributions. Also datasets to fit models before dep... |
1,116,691,501,358 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Milnor \cite{Mi} in $1968$ conjectured that any open $n$-manifold $M$ with $\mathrm{Ric}_M\ge 0$ has a finitely generated fundamental group. This conjecture remains open today. It was proven for manifolds with Euclidean volume growth by Anderson \cite{An} and Li \cite{Li} independently, and ma... |
1,116,691,501,359 | arxiv | \section{Model Description and PI Controller design}
\label{sec:model}
The SC shown in Fig.~\ref{fig:implementation} can be modeled as a
discrete-time linear system discretized at 1 Hz, as shown in in Fig.~\ref{fig:model}(a).
Let $\tau_m(k)$ and $\tau_c(k)$ be the periods of the PPS signals
at the input and at the ou... |
1,116,691,501,360 | arxiv | \section{Introduction and statement of results}
\setcounter{equation}{0}
Let $S$ be a closed Riemann surface of genus $p>1$ with $n$ punctures removed. Assume that $3p-4+n>0$. Let Mod$(S)$ denote the mapping class group which consists of isotopy classes of orientation preserving self-homeomorphisms of $S$. In view... |
1,116,691,501,361 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
This paper gives a proof of concept practical application of the recently developed statistical integrating decision support system (IDSS) paradigm. An IDSS is developed for policymakers concerned with deciding between candidate policies designed to ameliorate household food insecurity within t... |
1,116,691,501,362 | arxiv | \section{Introduction \label{sec_1}}
Using local theory, John S. Bell introduced an inequality which is violated
by quantum theory. Later experiments showed that quantum theory is
basically non-local \cite{BEL_J_S_64}.
As the non-locality feature of quantum theory is intensively used in quantum
information, ... |
1,116,691,501,363 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Let $\Omega \subset \mathbb{R}^{d}$ denote a smooth, strictly convex
set with positive sectional curvature. We shall write $\Omega^c := \R^d\backslash \Omega$.
It is well-known (see for instance \cite[\S 5]{GST} or \cite[\S4.4]{dyatlovmathematical}) that for any $k>0$ and any $\phi_{in}\in C^\i... |
1,116,691,501,364 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The density of matter varies enormously in neutron stars, from about the density of iron (7.86$\,\rm{g/cm^{3}}$) on the the stellar surface to values higher than the nuclear saturation density at the stellar the core \citep{weber1999pulsars,shapiro2008black}. In the absence of an exact theory of... |
1,116,691,501,365 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Ground based gravitational detectors, the Advanced LIGO (aLIGO), the Einstein Telescope and the Large-scale cryogenic gravitational wave detector (KAGRA) also the space missions LISA and LAGRANGE will detect gravitational waves (GW) from black hole binaries. For astrophysical black hole binaries... |
1,116,691,501,366 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
After the observation of a trapped Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) in $^{87}$Rb and $^{23}$Na alkali metal atoms at ultra-low temperature in a laboratory \cite{expt}, rotating
trapped condensates hosting quantized vortices \cite{vortex} and large vortex lattices \cite{vorla... |
1,116,691,501,367 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Let $(M,g)$ be a smooth, connected, compact Riemannian manifold without boundary of dimension $d$. Let $\Delta$ be the Laplace-Beltrami's operator on $M$ for the metric $g$ and let $a$ be a smooth function from $M$ to $\mathscr{H}_n^+(\mathbf C)$, the space of positive-semidefinite hermitian m... |
1,116,691,501,368 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Bestvina-Handel defined irreducible automorphisms of free groups in \cite{BH92} as the base case of their proof of the Scott conjecture. Irreducible automorphisms are the dynamical free group analogues of pseudo-Anosov diffeomorphisms of surfaces and, as such, the study of their dynamics has bee... |
1,116,691,501,369 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
In this paper we give two gradient estimates of Hamilton type
\cite{H} for heat equations, which have been studied recently by
many researchers (see \cite{P02}, \cite{Chow},
\cite{Ni},\cite{BCP}, \cite{HM}, \cite{LX},
\cite{CZ},\cite{CH},\cite{Sun},\cite{CC},etc). The equations under
cons... |
1,116,691,501,370 | arxiv | \section{Introduction / Background}
Steganography is the process of hiding one data stream ``in plain sight'' within another data stream known as a ``carrier.'' In this work, we are interested in using audio as a carrier to store images, which has been relatively unexplored in the academic literature (Section~\ref{s... |
1,116,691,501,371 | arxiv | \section{Two algorithms in search of a type-system}
As \citet{Hofmann:non-size-incr} has noted, a problem with
implicit characterizations of complexity classes is that they
often fail to capture many natural \emph{algorithms}---usually
because the complexity-theoretic types used to control primitive
recursion impose ... |
1,116,691,501,372 | arxiv | \section*{Appendix \thesection\protect\indent \parbox[t]{11.15cm}{#1}}
\addcontentsline{toc}{section}{Appendix \thesection\ \ \ #1}}
\newcommand{\multicolumn}{\multicolumn}
\def{\sf a}{{\sf a}}
\def{\sf b}{{\sf b}}
\def{\sf c}{{\sf c}}
\def{\sf e}{{\sf e}}
\def{\sf N}{{\sf N}}
\def\,\nabla\kern -0.7em\raise0.2ex... |
1,116,691,501,373 | arxiv | \section{Introduction and statement of results}
Point sets characterized by means of minimizing a suitably defined potential energy function have applications in a surprising number of problems in various fields of science and engineering ranging from physics over chemistry to geodesy and mathematics. We refer the rea... |
1,116,691,501,374 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Predicting the behaviour of interacting electrons is a significant open problem. Most progress to date has been made at low
energies where linearisation of the single-particle dispersion led
to construction of Fermi\cite{NozieresBook} and,
in one dimension, to Luttinger-liquid theories\cite... |
1,116,691,501,375 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
We study the maximal supersymmetric gauge quantum mechanics.
This model was first considered in papers \cite{CH}, \cite{Flume}, \cite{BRR}.
Later this Hamiltonian found applications in the physics of supermembranes
\cite{deWHN}, \cite{deWLN} and $D$-particles \cite{Witten}.
There is a re... |
1,116,691,501,376 | arxiv | \section{interaction}
Finite many-body systems (e.g., nuclei, small metallic grains, metallic clusters) robustly maintain similar regularities, despite their different binding interactions. For example, they all present the odd-even staggering on their binding energies, which are, however, attributed to various mechani... |
1,116,691,501,377 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\subsection*{Background and aim}
In the representation theory of loop groups, one often encounters with situations where $\mathbb{G}_m$-central extensions of a loop group are concerned.
There is a canonical one among such, the \textit{Tate central extension}, which appears as a pullback of a mo... |
1,116,691,501,378 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Let $\nu$ be a Borel probability measure on $\mathbb{R}^q$. The quantization problem for $\nu$ is concerned with the approximation of $\nu$ by discrete measures of finite support in $L_r$-metrics. This problem has a deep background in information theory and engineering technology such as signa... |
1,116,691,501,379 | arxiv | \section*{Introduction}
Supersymmetry (SUSY) is a compelling idea that is motivated by both phenomenological (Beyond the Standard Model) and theoretical (String Theory) point of view. If nature indeed uses supersymmetry it must be spontaneously broken. In the simplest scenario SUSY breaking happens in the hidden secto... |
1,116,691,501,380 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
A major breakthrough in understanding the nature of
fast radio bursts \citep[FRBs,][]{2007Sci...318..777L, 2013Sci...341...53T}
came when the repeater FRB121102 was precisely
localized to be in a dwarf galaxy at redshift $z=0.193$
\citep{2014ApJ...790..101S, 2016Natur.531..202S, 2017Natur.541...5... |
1,116,691,501,381 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Object proposal generation is a common pre-processing step for object detection in images, which is a key challenge in computer vision. Object proposals dramatically decrease the number of detection hypotheses to be assessed. Thus, use of CNN-features \cite{girshick14CVPR}, which is more effecti... |
1,116,691,501,382 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
In the 1970 paper \cite{Davis:Kahan} Davis and Kahan studied the rotation of spectral subspaces for
$2\times 2$ operator matrices under off-diagonal perturbations. In particular, they proved the following result, the celebrated ``Tan $2\Theta$ theorem'': Let $A_\pm$ be strictly positive bou... |
1,116,691,501,383 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Let $G$ be a connected simple cubic graph; $\mrm{Aut}~G$ denotes its
automorphism group. Let $n$ be
half the number of vertices of $G$. We define the {\em arithmetic genus} of a
(possibly disconnected) graph
as $e-v+1$ where $e$ is the number of edges, $v$ the number of
vertices of $G$). For ... |
1,116,691,501,384 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The motivation for this work was to find a way of transforming a generative model that had been trained on one distribution, to output a completely new distribution of images that did not model an existing dataset. We approached this by taking the generator from a pre-trained generative adversari... |
1,116,691,501,385 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The identification and classification of objects \ct{from a set of independent
catalogs is a key task for making astronomical data usable for scientific
analysis. The standard approach here is to solve this problem step by step
using to use hierarchical ``best-match'' algorithms, as exemplified ... |
1,116,691,501,386 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{sec:intro}
A basic requirement for many models of deformable solids is that they should prevent interpenetration of mass.
In context of hyperelasticity, i.e., nonlinear elasticity fully determined by a stored elastic energy function (see, e.g., \cite{Ba77a,Cia88B} for an introduction),
th... |
1,116,691,501,387 | arxiv | \section{introduction}
\label{Sec : Introduction}
In recent years the paradigm based on entanglement~\cite{Horodecki} as
the unique genuine measure of quantum correlations has been challenged
by the argument that the notion of nonseparability may be insufficient
to encompass all correlations that can be fairly regard... |
1,116,691,501,388 | arxiv |
\section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
Until recently, signal processing was dominated by conventional model-based algorithms, which rely on mathematical and physical models of the real world.
They are inherently interpretable and often incorporate domain knowledge, such as statistical assumptions, smoothness, str... |
1,116,691,501,389 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
In recent years, integral field spectrographs (IFSs) have largely
substituted long-slit spectrographs in studies designed to characterize
the abundance distribution of chemical elements in external galaxies.
IFSs have permitted for the first time to measure abundances throughout the entire
two-d... |
1,116,691,501,390 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Supersymmetry (SUSY) provides the most natural solution to
the gauge hierarchy problem in the Standard Model (SM). In
supersymmetric SMs (SSMs) with $R$ parity,
the gauge couplings for $SU(3)_C$, $SU(2)_L$ and $U(1)_Y$
gauge symmetries are unified at about $2\times 10^{16}$~GeV~\cite{Ellis:1... |
1,116,691,501,391 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Predictability in turbulence~\cite{Bohr1998,Cencini2009} is an important aspect of certain practical problems, such as weather forecasting~\cite{Lorenz1969,Leith1971,Leith1972}. This is because turbulence does not lose its predictability due to its inherent chaotic multiscale dynamics, even thoug... |
1,116,691,501,392 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\vspace{-1mm}
Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) are one of the main tools of modern machine learning. They are consistently proven to be powerful function approximators, able to model a wide variety of functional forms -- from image recognition~\cite{he2016deep,simonyan2014very}, through audio synthesi... |
1,116,691,501,393 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Much remains unclear about the relationship between neural network architecture, i.e. the number and arrangement of network nodes, and trained model performance. In practise, much of neural architecture optimisation is done empirically. Deeper and, particularly, wider neural networks have been f... |
1,116,691,501,394 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The planned high luminosity electron ion collider (EIC) is designed to
perform ``imaging'' of the proton (and of heavy ions) with
unprecedented accuracy~\cite{EIC}. It will provide detailed
multi-dimensional parton distributions and insight into the
light-front wave function (LFwf) of the proton... |
1,116,691,501,395 | arxiv |
\section{Distributed Synchronous SGD (DSSGD) with Sparsification}
\label{apdx:dsgd}
Here, we describe the Distributed Synchronous version of \ac{SGD} optimization algorithm which is the main work-horse behind most of the distributed training~\cite{aji_sparse}. \cref{algo:dsgd} presents the specifics of the algorithm ... |
1,116,691,501,396 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\setcounter{equation}{0}
The Schur class ${\mathcal S}$ of all analytic complex-valued functions mapping the
unit disk $\D$ into its closure has played a prominent role in function theory and its
applications beginning with the work of I. Schur \cite{Schur}.
Among several alternative character... |
1,116,691,501,397 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Helium atom and helium-like ions are the simplest many-body systems containing two electrons which interact among themselves in addition to their interaction with the nucleus. The two-electron systems are therefore the ideal candidates for studying the electron correlation effects.
The non-r... |
1,116,691,501,398 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
In this work, we are aimed to study a particular class of higher curvature gravity models
which we call Ricci polynomial gravity. Models of higher curvature gravity have been extensively
studied for at least two reasons. One reason is to improve the ultra violet behavior
in the quest for a consi... |
1,116,691,501,399 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The relationship between string theory and perturbative field theories
has been thoroughly investigated for many years.
The study of non-perturbative effects in string theory and their
comparison with field theory is instead much more recent.
In particular, only after the introduction of D brane... |
1,116,691,501,400 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
Understanding the formation and dynamics of complex spatial structures
or patterns has been of continuing interest due to the
fundamental importance of predicting and controlling system
properties and material functions. However, a comprehensive
understanding is hindered by th... |
1,116,691,501,401 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Critical phenomena in complex networks have been attracting a lot of
interest~\cite{Dorogovtsev07}.
Complex networks are characterized by a so-called small-world
property~\cite{WS98}. The number of neighbors of a node increases
exponentially with the distance from it.
For this property, it is bel... |
1,116,691,501,402 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\section{Introduction}
Birational geometry of a variety constructed by GIT quotient is closely related to the variation of GIT. Cox rings are invariants playing an important role in this interaction. It turns out that Cox rings contain geometric, birational and arithmetic information of alg... |
1,116,691,501,403 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\begin{figure}[t]
\centering
\includegraphics[width=1.0\columnwidth]{figure1.pdf}
\caption{Illustration of the four feature pyramids, (a) illustrates the feature-based pyramid method \cite{Liu2016SSD} based on anchor for multi-scale objects detection, (b) fuses different horizontal features from ... |
1,116,691,501,404 | arxiv | \section{Introduction} \label{sec:intro}
It is a useful and well-known fact that plane partitions in an $a \times b \times c$ box, lozenge tilings of a hexagon with side lengths $(a,b,c)$, families of non-intersecting lattice path in such a hexagon, and perfect matchings of a suitable honeycomb graph are all in biject... |
1,116,691,501,405 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\IEEEPARstart{A}{ccess} control systems are critical components of information systems that help protect information resources from unauthorized accesses. Various access control models and approaches have been proposed in the literature including Discretionary Access Control (DAC) \cite{sandhu199... |
1,116,691,501,406 | arxiv |
\section{Introduction}
Recommender systems mediate our access to online information and play a crucial role in online platforms \citep{schafer1999recommender, wei2007survey, zaiane2002building, liu2013soco,hariri2012context,vargas2011effects,levi2012finding}. Especially common are embedding or matrix factorization t... |
1,116,691,501,407 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Linear isotropic elasticity (LIE) describes
the mechanical response of macroscopic molecular solids assuming matter to be continuous and rotationally invariant.
These assumptions are not met at the microscopic scale.
Indeed, the elastic properties of small polycrystalline~\cite{Mullen1997} or am... |
1,116,691,501,408 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Since the early days of quantum field theory (QFT) 1+1 dimensional models
have attracted much attention. They have been extremely valuable to
develop general ideas and intuition about the structure of QFT.
The eldest and perhaps most popular of these 1+1 D models bear the names of
Thirring \cite... |
1,116,691,501,409 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
In 1999, in the seminal paper on bi-Lipschitz classification of 2D real singularities \cite{Birbrair}, Lev Birbrair proved the following result
\begin{theorem}[Theorem of Birbrair]\label{thm:birbrair}
Given the germ of a semialgebraic set, $(X,a)$, with isolated singularity and connected link, ... |
1,116,691,501,410 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\subsection{Problem setup and background}
Mean Field Games (abbreviated as MFGs in what follows) are differential games involving non-atomic players, where one aims to study the behaviours of a large population of symmetric agents as the number of agents goes to infinity. They provide quantitat... |
1,116,691,501,411 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Weyl semimetals (WSMs) have created vast interest in recent years due to their novel electronic and transport properties \cite{hu2019transport,RevModPhys.90.015001}, such as very high electron mobilities \cite{shekhar2015extremely}, Fermi arcs on the surface \cite{wan2011topological,jia2016weyl},... |
1,116,691,501,412 | arxiv |
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:intro}
\label{sec1}
\noindent Severe disturbances in the near Earth's space environment are caused by solar activity. The eruptive events like solar flares and coronal
mass ejections (CMEs) are often associated with radio emissions which originate in the solar corona. Such radio emi... |
1,116,691,501,413 | arxiv |
\section{Introduction}
Recently, the dependence of the clustering properties of galaxies on
luminosity was investigated by Benoist {et al.~} (1996) and Willmer, da
Costa \& Pellegrini (1998) using volume-limited subsamples drawn from
the SSRS2 (da Costa {et al.~} 1994, 1998). Analysis based on the
two-point correl... |
1,116,691,501,414 | arxiv | \section{Practitioner's guide to our approach}\label{apx:guide}
\subsection{General implementation}
Given a dataset of tuples $S = \{(x_i,y_i,m_i) \}_{i=1}^n$ where $x_i$ represents the covariates, $y_i$ is the target and $m_i$ are the expert labels, we want to construct a classifier $h: \mathcal{X} \to \mathcal{Y}$ a... |
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