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h3SOME ANCIENT METHODS.h3 Almost the first knowledge of leprosy carried with it methods for its control. | W1973146161 | [
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{... | Previous research: area investigated as the sentence subject | 659,702 |
While our previous approach to that goal used combinatory expressions in order to simplify the synthesis process, which led to redundant combinator expressions with complex types, this time we use de Bruijn lambda expressions and enjoy improved results. | W126267692 | [
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Abstract Ninetyone senior high school students were asked to read four popular reports of science. | W2031305319 | [
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Students were asked before reading each report to answer a question about their background beliefs on the topic. | W2031305319 | [
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... | Identifying a controversy within the field of study | 645,110 |
There was a lack of systematic relationship between students degree of certainty in their beliefs, and the support that the reports offer for those beliefs, because students tended not to integrate well their background beliefs and text information. | W2031305319 | [
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{
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Apparently, the students failed to distinguish between their conclusions and the reasons they offered for them. | W2031305319 | [
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"m": "Reporting positive and ne... | Giving reasons for personal interest in the research (sometimes found in the humanities, and the applied human sciences) | 639,739 |
Laser peening can introduce compressive residual stress to the surface and therefore is effective in enhancing fatigue strength. | W1991973072 | [
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"s": 868444... | Summarising the literature review | 755,542 |
In this study, we conducted laser peening in air with a water film formed by a nozzle and examined whether the distribution of residual stress along the thickness was different from that achieved by laser peening in water in our previous studies. | W1991973072 | [
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"s... | Indicating criteria for selection or inclusion in the study | 606,737 |
We also assessed the resultant residual stress and fatigue life when the pulse energy was reduced for developing a simple method to conduct laser peening on large structures. | W1991973072 | [
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Compressive residual stress equivalent to that observed after laser peening in water was obtained in nozzletype laser peening in terms of magnitude and depth. | W1991973072 | [
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With the reduction of pulse energy, it was observed that the depth of the compressive residual stress tended to decrease significantly and the fatigue life also tended to reduce. | W1991973072 | [
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Synthesis of several Csub60subantennasubxsub conjugates was performed to demonstrate high flexibility in the design of organic nonlinear optical NLO nanostructures showing broadband characteristics with capability to absorb light over a wide range of wavelengths. | W1969461086 | [
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It was achieved by covalent attachment of a hybrid combination of two types of lightharvesting fluorescent antenna chromophores on a Csub60sub cage. | W1969461086 | [
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Ultrafast photoresponsive intramolecular Föster resonance energytransfer among antenna units and shared excited energyaccepting Csub60sub cage is proposed as a plausible mechanism to enhance the broadband NLO ability. | W1969461086 | [
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Characterization of the branched triad Csub60subgtDPAFCsub18subgtCPAFCsub2Msub and the tetrad Csub60subgtDPAFCsub18subgtCPAFCsub2Msubsub2sub was carried out by various spectroscopic techniques. | W1969461086 | [
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These compounds showed approximately equal extinction coefficients of optical absorption over 400550 nm that corresponds to nearIR twophoton based excitation wavelengths at 7801100 nm. | W1969461086 | [
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These nanomaterials may be utilized in NLO coatings for achieving efficient lighttransmittance reduction at the same NIR wavelengths. | W1969461086 | [
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To test a novel approach to reducing dentin permeability that localizes occlusion of dentin tubules by calcium oxalate crystals to the subsurface without lowering resin bond strengths to oxalatetreated dentin surfaces. | W1543272643 | [
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{... | Reference to previous research: important studies | 747,288.9375 |
Flat dentin surfaces of extracted human third molars were etched with a mass fraction of 32 phosphoric acid Bisco for 15 s and rinsed. | W1543272643 | [
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The entire surface was then moist bonded with either One Step OS or Scotchbond MultiPurpose SB adhesive systems. | W1543272643 | [
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"s... | Identifying a knowledge gap in the field of study | 700,427.0625 |
A resinbased composite Z100 buildup was made over the entire surface. | W1543272643 | [
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After storage for 24 hrs in distilled water, the teeth were longitudinally sectioned to separate the oxalatetreated half from the untreated control half. | W1543272643 | [
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Each half was serially sectioned into several 0.7 mm thick slabs which were then trimmed to an hourglass shape to reduce the bonded area to approximately 0.8 mm2 and tested in tension. | W1543272643 | [
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Pre and posttreatment hydraulic conductance Lp of dentin was determined using dentin discs with a standard protocol. | W1543272643 | [
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SEM images were obtained to examine the effects of treatment both on the dentin surface and along the tubules beneath the surface. | W1543272643 | [
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The bonded interface was also examined by SEM. | W1543272643 | [
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Treating etched dentin discs with the oxalate gel caused significant reduction of the Lp of dentin 80 reduction, P 0.05. | W1543272643 | [
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There were no statistically significant differences between bond strengths of oxalatetreated and untreated surfaces for either adhesive system. | W1543272643 | [
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OS resulted in a bond strength of 25.8 9.2 MPa to untreated and 27.8 8.9 MPa to oxalate treated surfaces P 0.05. | W1543272643 | [
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SB showed bond strengths of 22.9 7.9 MPa and 22.9 9.6 MPa to untreated and treated surfaces, respectively P 0.05. | W1543272643 | [
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SEM images showed that the application of potassium oxalate gel on etched dentin resulted in the formation of crystals inside the tubules rather than on the surface. | W1543272643 | [
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Examination of the bonded interfaces demonstrated that the crystal formation inside the tubules did not compromise the formation of a typical hybrid layer on the top of dentin surfaces. | W1543272643 | [
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Resin monomers penetrated into the tubules filling the spaces around the crystals forming resin tags with a jaggedlike feature. | W1543272643 | [
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Large computer codes are widely used in engineering to study physical systems. | W1501356766 | [
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Nevertheless, simulations can sometimes be timeconsuming. | W1501356766 | [
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In this case, an approximation of the code inputoutput relation is made using a metamodel. | W1501356766 | [
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The aim of our research is to study the use of several levels of a code to predict the output of a costly computer code. | W1501356766 | [
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They are based on an original result which gives the contribution of each code on the cokriging variance. | W1501356766 | [
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We have seen that at the beginning of the nineteenth century, North Africa west of Egypt consisted of four Muslim states. | W1412207091 | [
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The fourth Morocco was an independent kingdom. | W1412207091 | [
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During the first third of the nineteenth century, this basic pattern changed very little. | W1412207091 | [
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First, there was the British campaign against the slave trade, waged both in the Mediterranean and in the Atlantic. | W1412207091 | [
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Next, there was the Greek war of independence 18209, fought with the support of the Christian powers. | W1412207091 | [
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The success of the Greeks drove Muslim rule, and with it the institution of slavery, from a Christian country and provided an example later to be followed by the other Balkan states. | W1412207091 | [
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Introduction In the context of endometrial cancer, visceral obesity as a risk factor is associated with achronic inflammatory process, confirmed by the increase in inflammatory marker levels. | W1894313826 | [
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Material and Method The study is a casecontrol analysis including 2 groups of patients group I 50 patientsdiagnosed with endometrial cancer, group II 70 patients without gynecological pathology orinflammatory disorders control group. | W1894313826 | [
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The diagnosis of endometrial cancer was made followinghistopathological examination that evaluated the tissue material obtained following endometrialbiopsy. | W1894313826 | [
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After clinical examination and anthropometric measurements, these patients underwentultrasound and computer tomography examination by which intraperitoneal fat was determined. | W1894313826 | [
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All parameters were included in the study database. | W1894313826 | [
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Results A significant correlation coefficient was alsofound between visceral fat evaluated by CT and visceral fat assessed by US r 0.96, p0.0001. | W1894313826 | [
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Inthe case of the control group, the mean visceral fat area was 159.1442.5 cm2, while in the groupof patients with endometrial cancer, the mean visceral fat area was 251.3759.78 cm2. | W1894313826 | [
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