text stringlengths 57 1.72k | relation stringclasses 125
values | h dict | t dict |
|---|---|---|---|
immunoprecipitation , immunoblotting , and limited peptide mapping indicated that the 102-kda protein was most sensitive to proteolysis leading to the formation of proteins of molecular mass 58 and 54 kda . | NA | {
"id": "C0033684",
"name": "protein",
"pos": [
94,
101
]
} | {
"id": "C0034861",
"name": "formation",
"pos": [
151,
160
]
} |
analysis of recombinant proteins by immunoblotting showed that by substituting cys-33 the 90-110-kda protein is not formed , and thus , more mature dimer ( 24 kda ) is obtained , corresponding to a 3- to 5-fold increase in biological activity . | NA | {
"id": "C0034861",
"name": "recombinant proteins",
"pos": [
12,
32
]
} | {
"id": "C0033684",
"name": "protein",
"pos": [
101,
108
]
} |
upon incubation of antithrombin iii with thrombin in the presence of a monoclonal antibody recognizing an epitope exposed on the heavy chain part of thrombin-cleaved two-chain antithrombin iii , antithrombin iii was preferentially cleaved by the enzyme as a substrate , rather than covalently complexed with the enzyme to form an equimolar , stable acyl complex . | NA | {
"id": "C0014442",
"name": "enzyme",
"pos": [
246,
252
]
} | {
"id": "C0026741",
"name": "complexed",
"pos": [
293,
302
]
} |
in contrast to native alpha 2m , the modified antiproteinase was unable to bind neutrophil elastase or pancreatic elastase in a manner that restricted the enzymes ' access to high molecular weight substrates . | NA | {
"id": "C0064833",
"name": "neutrophil elastase",
"pos": [
80,
99
]
} | {
"id": "C0030306",
"name": "pancreatic elastase",
"pos": [
103,
122
]
} |
these studies demonstrate that several components critical to igf action are produced in a fusing skeletal muscle cell line in a differentiation-dependent manner and suggest that both igf-i and igf-ii may be autocrine factors for muscle . | NA | {
"id": "C0037657",
"name": "igf",
"pos": [
62,
65
]
} | {
"id": "C0021665",
"name": "igf-i",
"pos": [
194,
199
]
} |
these studies demonstrate that several components critical to igf action are produced in a fusing skeletal muscle cell line in a differentiation-dependent manner and suggest that both igf-i and igf-ii may be autocrine factors for muscle . | NA | {
"id": "C0037657",
"name": "igf",
"pos": [
62,
65
]
} | {
"id": "C0021666",
"name": "igf-ii",
"pos": [
194,
200
]
} |
since ether lipids are localized in specific subcellular membrane compartments , accumulate during several pathophysiologic perturbations and are effective activators of protein kinase c with separate and distinct calcium requirements in comparison to dag , these results suggest that ether-linked diglycerides are important and potentially specific biologic activators of one or more isoforms of protein kinase c . | NA | {
"id": "C0033684",
"name": "protein",
"pos": [
170,
177
]
} | {
"id": "C0597298",
"name": "isoforms",
"pos": [
385,
393
]
} |
the center of the protein has an 8-fold repeat of a 13 amino acid sequence whose general motif is -glu3- ( lys/arg ) 2-ala2-glu2- ( lys/arg ) 1-x- ( lys/arg ) 1-ala1- , where x is glu , gln , or ala . | NA | {
"id": "C0061472",
"name": "glu",
"pos": [
99,
102
]
} | {
"id": "C0017797",
"name": "gln",
"pos": [
186,
189
]
} |
together , the cdnas code for 257 uninterrupted gly-x-y triplets ( almost 80 % of the triple helical domain ) and about 200 amino acid residues of the carboxyl telopeptide and carboxyl propeptide . | NA | {
"id": "C0017890",
"name": "gly",
"pos": [
48,
51
]
} | {
"id": "C0002520",
"name": "amino acid",
"pos": [
124,
134
]
} |
this sequence shows that although type xi collagen belongs to the fibril-forming class of collagens , there are substantial differences in exon sizes at the 3 ' end of the gene when comparing the alpha 2 ( xi ) gene with those of human types i , ii , and iii collagens . | NA | {
"id": "C0086028",
"name": "type xi collagen",
"pos": [
34,
50
]
} | {
"id": "C0969669",
"name": "fibril-forming",
"pos": [
66,
80
]
} |
this sequence shows that although type xi collagen belongs to the fibril-forming class of collagens , there are substantial differences in exon sizes at the 3 ' end of the gene when comparing the alpha 2 ( xi ) gene with those of human types i , ii , and iii collagens . | NA | {
"id": "C0969669",
"name": "fibril-forming",
"pos": [
66,
80
]
} | {
"id": "C0009325",
"name": "collagens",
"pos": [
259,
268
]
} |
whereas the one-dimensional proteolytic maps of lamins d and e show several degradation products which are of similar molecular mass to polypeptides seen in one-dimensional proteolytic maps of lamins a , b , and c , the two-dimensional tryptic maps of d and e are distinct from those of lamins a , b , and c , suggesting that lamins d and e are produced by transcription of one or more unique genes . | NA | {
"id": "C0125258",
"name": "lamins a",
"pos": [
193,
201
]
} | {
"id": "C0064635",
"name": "lamins",
"pos": [
326,
332
]
} |
isolation and characterization of the unusual lipopolysaccharide component , 2-amino-2-deoxy-2-n- ( 27-hydroxyoctacosanoyl ) -3-o- ( 3-hydroxy- tetradecanoyl ) -gluco-hexuronic acid , and its de-o-acylation product from the free lipid a of rhizobium trifolii anu843 . | NA | {
"id": "C0023810",
"name": "lipopolysaccharide",
"pos": [
46,
64
]
} | {
"id": "C0023767",
"name": "lipid a",
"pos": [
229,
236
]
} |
the level of cytosolic phosphocholine , but not choline or cdp-choline , increased to 150 % of control . | NA | {
"id": "C0031716",
"name": "phosphocholine",
"pos": [
23,
37
]
} | {
"id": "C0008405",
"name": "choline",
"pos": [
63,
70
]
} |
the level of cytosolic phosphocholine , but not choline or cdp-choline , increased to 150 % of control . | NA | {
"id": "C0008405",
"name": "choline",
"pos": [
30,
37
]
} | {
"id": "C0010725",
"name": "cdp-choline",
"pos": [
59,
70
]
} |
recombinant human tissue plasminogen activator ( rt-pa ) , produced by expression in chinese hamster ovary cells , is a fibrin-specific plasminogen activator which has been approved for clinical use in the treatment of myocardial infarction . | NA | {
"id": "C0032143",
"name": "recombinant",
"pos": [
0,
11
]
} | {
"id": "C0032144",
"name": "plasminogen activator",
"pos": [
136,
157
]
} |
compared with unprimed controls , primed neutrophils also showed a significant increase in o2- production when stimulated with either aa or the nonhydrolyzable gtp analogue , gtp-gamma-s . | NA | {
"id": "C0018353",
"name": "gtp",
"pos": [
160,
163
]
} | {
"id": "C0079469",
"name": "gtp-gamma-s",
"pos": [
175,
186
]
} |
incubation of cells with the phorbol ester 12-o-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate ( tpa ) yielded a 7- to 15-fold decrease in the enzymatic activity of c kinase assayed in vitro , but little or no effect on ca2+ stimulation of cellular levels of either mrna . | NA | {
"id": "C0031586",
"name": "phorbol ester",
"pos": [
29,
42
]
} | {
"id": "C0039654",
"name": "12-o-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate",
"pos": [
43,
79
]
} |
it showed strict d-stereospecificity toward substrates including low molecular weight d-amino acid amides such as d-alanine amide , d-alpha-aminobutyric acid amides , and d-serine amide ; | NA | {
"id": "C0002520",
"name": "amino acid",
"pos": [
88,
98
]
} | {
"id": "C0001898",
"name": "alanine",
"pos": [
116,
123
]
} |
a lysate of purified insulin secretory granules , which contains two types of proinsulin processing activity ( type 1 , arg-arg-directed and type ii , lys-arg-directed ( davidson , h.w. , rhodes , c.j. , and hutton , j. c. ( 1988 ) nature 333 , 93-96 ) , was found to process proalbumin by specific proteolytic cleavage of the cooh-terminal side of the arg-2-arg-1 sequence . | NA | {
"id": "C0021641",
"name": "insulin",
"pos": [
21,
28
]
} | {
"id": "C0033362",
"name": "proinsulin",
"pos": [
78,
88
]
} |
it was inhibited by the variant alpha 1-antitrypsin pittsburgh ( met358 to arg358 ; k0.5 = 100 nm ) but not by other related proteins normally co-secreted with albumin from hepatocytes , namely alpha 1-antitrypsin m , alpha 2-macroglobulin , or antithrombin iii . | NA | {
"id": "C0033684",
"name": "proteins",
"pos": [
125,
133
]
} | {
"id": "C0001924",
"name": "albumin",
"pos": [
160,
167
]
} |
the melanotropin ( msh ) receptor of mouse b16-f1 melanoma cells was characterized by photoaffinity cross-linking , using a potent alpha-msh photolabel , [ norleucine4 , d-phenylalanine7 , 1'- ( 2-nitro-4-azidophenylsulfenyl ) -tryptophan9 ] -alpha-melanotropin ( naps-msh ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0026667",
"name": "melanotropin",
"pos": [
4,
16
]
} | {
"id": "C0002302",
"name": "alpha-melanotropin",
"pos": [
243,
261
]
} |
occupancy of this site by tp2 fab fragments or by neutral lipid may result in a conformational change of cetp causing enhanced binding to lipoproteins or vesicles . | NA | {
"id": "C0023779",
"name": "lipid",
"pos": [
58,
63
]
} | {
"id": "C0023820",
"name": "lipoproteins",
"pos": [
138,
150
]
} |
five oligopeptides corresponding to different regions of the predicted plp-a amino acid sequence ( peptides 1-13 , 62-76 , 101-114 , 129-145 , and 152-164 ) were chemically synthesized by solid phase methodology . | NA | {
"id": "C0028954",
"name": "oligopeptides",
"pos": [
5,
18
]
} | {
"id": "C0030956",
"name": "peptides",
"pos": [
99,
107
]
} |
immature and mature chondrocytes synthesized very similar amounts of the low buoyant density keratan sulfate proteoglycan on a per cell basis . | NA | {
"id": "C0225369",
"name": "chondrocytes",
"pos": [
20,
32
]
} | {
"id": "C0007634",
"name": "cell",
"pos": [
131,
135
]
} |
this new technique has the potential to detect a variety of chemical carcinogen induced dna adducts at the gene level in cultured cells and in dna isolated from animal tissues . | NA | {
"id": "C0242958",
"name": "dna adducts",
"pos": [
88,
99
]
} | {
"id": "C0012854",
"name": "dna",
"pos": [
143,
146
]
} |
antibody was produced against the annexin consensus peptide , lys-ala-met-lys-gly-leu-gly-thr-asp-glu , which was derived from the sequence of several ca2+/phospholipid-binding proteins including calpactin , lipocortin , endonexin ii , 67-kda calelectrin , lymphocyte 68-kda protein , and protein ii . | NA | {
"id": "C0065042",
"name": "lipocortin",
"pos": [
208,
218
]
} | {
"id": "C0059249",
"name": "endonexin ii",
"pos": [
221,
233
]
} |
these novel synthetic inhibitors , specific for egf-receptor kinase , offer a new method to inhibit egf-stimulated cell proliferation which may be useful in treating specific pathological conditions involving cellular proliferation , including different types of cancers . | NA | {
"id": "C0030660",
"name": "pathological conditions",
"pos": [
175,
198
]
} | {
"id": "C0020507",
"name": "cellular proliferation",
"pos": [
209,
231
]
} |
the monoclonal antibodies did not recognize type i or type ii camp-dependent protein kinase from rabbit muscle nor did they cross-react with proteins from several unicellular eucaryotes , with one exception : antibodies specific for the catalytic subunit recognized a 40-kda protein of tetrahymena pyriformis . | NA | {
"id": "C0003250",
"name": "monoclonal antibodies",
"pos": [
4,
25
]
} | {
"id": "C0003241",
"name": "antibodies",
"pos": [
209,
219
]
} |
maximal drug uptake occurred in highly proliferative epithelial cells from cancerous tissue at 3 h , whereas fibroblasts from the same tissue and other cell types from healthy tissue exhibited a steadily increasing uptake over a long period of time . | NA | {
"id": "C0007634",
"name": "cells",
"pos": [
64,
69
]
} | {
"id": "C0016030",
"name": "fibroblasts",
"pos": [
109,
120
]
} |
the effects on cellular dna and cytotoxicity produced by doxorubicin ( dx ) and its epimer 4'-epidoxorubicin ( 4 ' e-dx ) were investigated in cultured hela cells . | NA | {
"id": "C0014582",
"name": "epidoxorubicin",
"pos": [
94,
108
]
} | {
"id": "C0013089",
"name": "dx",
"pos": [
117,
119
]
} |
growth of colorectal carcinoma cells : regulation in vitro by gastrin , pentagastrin and the gastrin-receptor antagonist proglumide . | NA | {
"id": "C0017151",
"name": "gastrin",
"pos": [
62,
69
]
} | {
"id": "C0030859",
"name": "pentagastrin",
"pos": [
72,
84
]
} |
the growth-regulating effects of pentagastrin , gastrin and the gastrin-receptor antagonist proglumide were investigated in three established cell lines derived from human colorectal carcinomas in vitro and after transplantation into nude mice . | NA | {
"id": "C0030859",
"name": "pentagastrin",
"pos": [
33,
45
]
} | {
"id": "C0017151",
"name": "gastrin",
"pos": [
64,
71
]
} |
pentagastrin and gastrin had no effect on the growth of the ls 174 t cell line . | NA | {
"id": "C0030859",
"name": "pentagastrin",
"pos": [
0,
12
]
} | {
"id": "C0017151",
"name": "gastrin",
"pos": [
17,
24
]
} |
we have shown that the heavy chain of clathrin is phosphorylated in chicken embryo fibroblast cells transformed by rous sarcoma virus , but not in normal cells . | NA | {
"id": "C0016030",
"name": "fibroblast",
"pos": [
83,
93
]
} | {
"id": "C0007634",
"name": "normal",
"pos": [
147,
153
]
} |
cleveland analysis of the in vivo and in vitro clathrin heavy chain phosphopeptides , generated by protease v8 digestion , show labeled proteolytic fragments of similar molecular weight , suggesting that pp60v-src could be directly responsible for the in vivo phosphorylation of clathrin . | NA | {
"id": "C0530079",
"name": "clathrin heavy chain",
"pos": [
47,
67
]
} | {
"id": "C0008905",
"name": "clathrin",
"pos": [
279,
287
]
} |
using monoclonal antibodies that are specific for type 3 ( alpha ) pkc , we have determined that there are least two pools of pkc in normal rat embryo fibroblasts ( ref52 cells ) : diffuse cytoplasmic and fiber-associated . | NA | {
"id": "C0016030",
"name": "fibroblasts",
"pos": [
151,
162
]
} | {
"id": "C0007634",
"name": "cells",
"pos": [
171,
176
]
} |
by gel electrophoresis of cytoskeletal proteins , combined with immunoblotting , we demonstrate the cytokeratinous nature of the major if proteins of these astroglial cells , comprising at least three major cytokeratins . | NA | {
"id": "C0010852",
"name": "cytoskeletal proteins",
"pos": [
26,
47
]
} | {
"id": "C0033684",
"name": "proteins",
"pos": [
138,
146
]
} |
the three-dimensional structure of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor ( achr ) from torpedo californica , crystallized both before and after removal of associated proteins , most notably the main 43-kd cytoskeletal protein that interacts both with achr and actin , is determined to a resolution of 22 a . | NA | {
"id": "C0033684",
"name": "proteins",
"pos": [
165,
173
]
} | {
"id": "C0010852",
"name": "cytoskeletal protein",
"pos": [
204,
224
]
} |
our results indicate that the fibroblast fibronectin receptor ( a ) functions in initial fibroblast attachment and in certain types of adhesive contact , but not in the later steps of cell spreading ; | NA | {
"id": "C0016030",
"name": "fibroblast",
"pos": [
30,
40
]
} | {
"id": "C0007634",
"name": "cell",
"pos": [
184,
188
]
} |
monoclonal antibodies to the fnr that block initial adhesion of fibroblasts to fibronectin induced the expression of genes encoding the secreted extracellular matrix-degrading metalloproteinases collagenase and stromelysin . | NA | {
"id": "C1721004",
"name": "secreted",
"pos": [
136,
144
]
} | {
"id": "C0164371",
"name": "stromelysin",
"pos": [
211,
222
]
} |
no similar degradative activity was observed when second or third trimester cytotrophoblast cells , first trimester human placental fibroblasts , or the human choriocarcinoma cell lines bewo and jar were cultured on radiolabeled matrices . | NA | {
"id": "C0007634",
"name": "cells",
"pos": [
92,
97
]
} | {
"id": "C0016030",
"name": "fibroblasts",
"pos": [
132,
143
]
} |
consistent with studies using mabs to cd44 or pgp-1 , mabs against five different epitopes on lymphocyte gp90hermes reacted with a wide variety of nonhematolymphoid cells in diverse normal human tissues , including many types of epithelium , mesenchymal elements such as fibroblasts and smooth muscle , and a subset of glia in the central nervous system . | NA | {
"id": "C0007634",
"name": "cells",
"pos": [
165,
170
]
} | {
"id": "C0016030",
"name": "fibroblasts",
"pos": [
271,
282
]
} |
the observation that the hermes/cd44 molecules derived from several nonlymphoid cell types display binding domains homologous to those of lymphocyte homing receptors suggests that these glycoproteins represent a novel type of cell adhesion/recognition molecule ( h-cam ) potentially mediating cell-cell or cell-matrix interactions in multiple tissues . | NA | {
"id": "C0243982",
"name": "cd44 molecules",
"pos": [
32,
46
]
} | {
"id": "C0080097",
"name": "lymphocyte homing receptors",
"pos": [
138,
165
]
} |
with these data , taken together with previous results showing that a portion of the sequence domains of type xii collagen is similar to domains of type ix , a nonfibrillar collagen associated with cross-striated fibrils in cartilage , we suggest that types ix and xii collagens are members of a distinct class of extracellular matrix proteins found in association with quarter-staggered collagen fibrils . | NA | {
"id": "C0969670",
"name": "nonfibrillar collagen",
"pos": [
160,
181
]
} | {
"id": "C0009325",
"name": "collagens",
"pos": [
269,
278
]
} |
roxithromycin and the internal standard , erythromycin , were detected by dual coulometric electrodes operated in the oxidative screen mode . | NA | {
"id": "C0035891",
"name": "roxithromycin",
"pos": [
0,
13
]
} | {
"id": "C0014806",
"name": "erythromycin",
"pos": [
42,
54
]
} |
determination of the aminoglycoside antibiotics sisomicin and netilmicin in dried blood spots on filter discs , by high-performance liquid chromatography with pre-column derivatization and fluorimetric detection . | NA | {
"id": "C0037209",
"name": "sisomicin",
"pos": [
48,
57
]
} | {
"id": "C0027780",
"name": "netilmicin",
"pos": [
62,
72
]
} |
a simple method for the determination of the aminoglycoside antibiotic sisomicin or its 1-n-ethyl derivative , netilmicin in whole blood , using dried blood spots ( dbss ) on filter-paper punched discs has been developed . | NA | {
"id": "C0037209",
"name": "sisomicin",
"pos": [
71,
80
]
} | {
"id": "C0027780",
"name": "netilmicin",
"pos": [
111,
121
]
} |
sisomicin or netilmicin in the dbss were recovered most effectively in 0.5 m na2hpo4 using ultrasonication . | NA | {
"id": "C0037209",
"name": "sisomicin",
"pos": [
0,
9
]
} | {
"id": "C0027780",
"name": "netilmicin",
"pos": [
13,
23
]
} |
the detection limits of sisomicin and netilmicin in the dbss on punched discs ( 10.1 microliters of whole blood ) were 0.053 and 0.50 micrograms per ml of whole blood , respectively ( signal-to-noise ratio greater than or equal to 2 ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0037209",
"name": "sisomicin",
"pos": [
24,
33
]
} | {
"id": "C0027780",
"name": "netilmicin",
"pos": [
38,
48
]
} |
the method permits a simple collection of blood at the microlitre level and should prove particularly useful for monitoring sisomicin and netilmicin in blood at therapeutic levels in geriatric and paediatric patients . | NA | {
"id": "C0037209",
"name": "sisomicin",
"pos": [
124,
133
]
} | {
"id": "C0027780",
"name": "netilmicin",
"pos": [
138,
148
]
} |
analytical and preparative high-performance liquid chromatographic separation of the enantiomers of ifosfamide , cyclophosphamide and trofosfamide and their determination in plasma . | NA | {
"id": "C0020823",
"name": "ifosfamide",
"pos": [
100,
110
]
} | {
"id": "C0010583",
"name": "cyclophosphamide",
"pos": [
113,
129
]
} |
a high-performance liquid chromatography chiral stationary phase ( hplc-csp ) based upon cellulose-tris ( 3,5-dimethylphenylcarbamate ) , the od-csp , was used to stereochemically resolve three racemic anticancer drugs : ifosfamide ( iff ) , cyclophosphamide ( ctx ) and trofosfamide ( tff ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0020823",
"name": "ifosfamide",
"pos": [
221,
231
]
} | {
"id": "C0010583",
"name": "cyclophosphamide",
"pos": [
242,
258
]
} |
the examined myeloproliferative disorders were three cases of chronic myelogeneous leukemia , one case of chronic neutrophilic leukemia , one case of essential thrombocythemia and one case of polycythemia vera . | NA | {
"id": "C0027022",
"name": "myeloproliferative disorders",
"pos": [
13,
41
]
} | {
"id": "C0023481",
"name": "chronic neutrophilic leukemia",
"pos": [
106,
135
]
} |
a competitive enzyme immunoassay ( eia ) was developed in which rotavirus serotype-specific monoclonal antibodies against vp7 compete with antibodies in test sera for rotavirus serotype-specific antigen bound to a solid phase . | NA | {
"id": "C0003250",
"name": "monoclonal antibodies",
"pos": [
92,
113
]
} | {
"id": "C0003241",
"name": "antibodies",
"pos": [
139,
149
]
} |
in practice , varying concentrations of purified virus are preincubated with a fixed dilution of heterologous or homologous antiserum and the unbound antibodies present in the mixture are back titrated with virus particles bound to microtitre plates . | NA | {
"id": "C0020960",
"name": "antiserum",
"pos": [
124,
133
]
} | {
"id": "C0003241",
"name": "antibodies",
"pos": [
150,
160
]
} |
and the other based on the use of two different mabs as capture and detector antibodies ( referred to as mab-mab assay ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0003241",
"name": "antibodies",
"pos": [
77,
87
]
} | {
"id": "C0003250",
"name": "mab",
"pos": [
109,
112
]
} |
using the two-step procedure on purified rv , 50 pg of protein was detected in the pab-mab as well as in the mab-mab assay , whereas the one-step method detected 0.4 ng and a conventional double-sandwich elisa detected 3.2 ng of viral protein . | NA | {
"id": "C0033684",
"name": "protein",
"pos": [
55,
62
]
} | {
"id": "C0042736",
"name": "viral protein",
"pos": [
229,
242
]
} |
in this report we describe a computerized virus identification system based upon the fact that viral proteins , separated by one-dimensional ( id ) sds-page have unique banding patterns ( protein profiles ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0042736",
"name": "viral proteins",
"pos": [
95,
109
]
} | {
"id": "C0033684",
"name": "protein",
"pos": [
188,
195
]
} |
antibodies against a 23kda fibroblast protein are present in the majority of sera from patients with graves ' disease and rarely in sera from either normal individuals or those with other thyroid disorders or autoimmune diseases . | NA | {
"id": "C0018213",
"name": "graves",
"pos": [
101,
107
]
} | {
"id": "C0004364",
"name": "autoimmune diseases",
"pos": [
209,
228
]
} |
in the vast majority of patients where trauma , infection , anoxia , and vascular disease represent the most common etiologies , multiple primary structural injury is an ever-present possibility . | NA | {
"id": "C0043251",
"name": "trauma",
"pos": [
39,
45
]
} | {
"id": "C0026771",
"name": "multiple",
"pos": [
129,
137
]
} |
the role of fibrinopeptide cleavage was examined by preparing fibrin with thrombin to remove both fibrinopeptide a ( fpa ) and fibrinopeptide b ( fpb ) and with reptilase or agkistrodon contortrix procoagulant to selectively remove fpa or fpb , respectively . | NA | {
"id": "C0015982",
"name": "fibrin",
"pos": [
12,
18
]
} | {
"id": "C0016022",
"name": "fpa",
"pos": [
232,
235
]
} |
the role of fibrinopeptide cleavage was examined by preparing fibrin with thrombin to remove both fibrinopeptide a ( fpa ) and fibrinopeptide b ( fpb ) and with reptilase or agkistrodon contortrix procoagulant to selectively remove fpa or fpb , respectively . | NA | {
"id": "C0015982",
"name": "fibrin",
"pos": [
12,
18
]
} | {
"id": "C0016023",
"name": "fpb",
"pos": [
239,
242
]
} |
vwf release was found to require fpb cleavage , whereas removal of fpa and factor xiiia cross-linking of fibrin were without effect . | NA | {
"id": "C0016023",
"name": "fpb",
"pos": [
33,
36
]
} | {
"id": "C0015982",
"name": "fibrin",
"pos": [
105,
111
]
} |
vwf release was found to require fpb cleavage , whereas removal of fpa and factor xiiia cross-linking of fibrin were without effect . | NA | {
"id": "C0016022",
"name": "fpa",
"pos": [
67,
70
]
} | {
"id": "C0015982",
"name": "fibrin",
"pos": [
105,
111
]
} |
we conclude that fpb cleavage from fibrin is required for stimulation of vwf release from ec and that this is mediated by a site that includes the nh2 terminus of the beta chain . | NA | {
"id": "C0016023",
"name": "fpb",
"pos": [
17,
20
]
} | {
"id": "C0015982",
"name": "fibrin",
"pos": [
35,
41
]
} |
labeling cells with 32po4 before wga treatment indicated that the cytoskeletal proteins with molecular weights of 115 , 82/78 , and 72 kd , and a 40-kd detergent soluble protein , are phosphorylated during activation . | NA | {
"id": "C0010852",
"name": "cytoskeletal proteins",
"pos": [
66,
87
]
} | {
"id": "C0033684",
"name": "protein",
"pos": [
170,
177
]
} |
large fluctuations were also observed in the levels of autoantibodies to several distinct epitopes of the ku ( p70/p80 ) antigen . | NA | {
"id": "C0003316",
"name": "epitopes",
"pos": [
90,
98
]
} | {
"id": "C0003320",
"name": "antigen",
"pos": [
121,
128
]
} |
addition of l-tryptophan , but not other aromatic amino acids , other essential amino acids , or d-tryptophan , prevented inhibition of cell growth by ifn-gamma . | NA | {
"id": "C0301713",
"name": "aromatic amino acids",
"pos": [
41,
61
]
} | {
"id": "C0041249",
"name": "tryptophan",
"pos": [
99,
109
]
} |
hybridization of murine myeloma cells p3-x63-ag8.653 with splenocytes from a balb/c mouse immunized with the syngeneic anti hla-dr1,4 , w6 , w8 , w9 mab ac1.59 resulted in the development of 108 hybridomas secreting antiidiotypic antibodies . | NA | {
"id": "C0003250",
"name": "mab",
"pos": [
149,
152
]
} | {
"id": "C0003241",
"name": "antibodies",
"pos": [
230,
240
]
} |
it is likely that the six mabs recognize spatially close , but not identical idiotopes because they elicited antiantiidiotypic antibodies of different or similar , but not identical specificity and differ in their ability to elicit anti-hla class ii antibodies . | NA | {
"id": "C0003250",
"name": "mabs",
"pos": [
26,
30
]
} | {
"id": "C0003241",
"name": "antibodies",
"pos": [
250,
260
]
} |
we used soluble , c-fixing antibody/dsdna ic to investigate immune complex ( ic ) handling and erythrocyte ( e ) -to-phagocyte transfer in chimpanzees . | NA | {
"id": "C0003241",
"name": "antibody",
"pos": [
27,
35
]
} | {
"id": "C0003313",
"name": "immune complex",
"pos": [
60,
74
]
} |
this was prevented by prior inoculation of whole immune pig serum , the igm and igg fractions of immune pig serum and serum enriched with antibody to surface antigens . | NA | {
"id": "C0020960",
"name": "immune",
"pos": [
49,
55
]
} | {
"id": "C0003241",
"name": "antibody",
"pos": [
138,
146
]
} |
clinical signs were not prevented by prior inoculation of pre-immune serum or serum depleted of antibody to surface antigens . | NA | {
"id": "C0020960",
"name": "immune serum",
"pos": [
62,
74
]
} | {
"id": "C0003241",
"name": "antibody",
"pos": [
96,
104
]
} |
corticosterone , a natural corticosteroid hormone in birds , when injected into domestic fowl ( gallus domesticus ) ( 2000 micrograms.kg-1 , 4-5 h before experiment ) increases both the basal isc ( short-circuit current ) and amiloride-sensitive isc as well as the pd across the colon in vitro . | NA | {
"id": "C0001617",
"name": "corticosteroid",
"pos": [
27,
41
]
} | {
"id": "C0019932",
"name": "hormone",
"pos": [
42,
49
]
} |
the reaction was strongest if the specimen was fixed with 80 % methanol , and moderate on non-fixed or acid-alcohol-fixed specimens . | NA | {
"id": "C0001963",
"name": "methanol",
"pos": [
63,
71
]
} | {
"id": "C0001962",
"name": "alcohol",
"pos": [
108,
115
]
} |
adrenalin , noradrenalin , dopamine , isoproterenol ( a beta-adrenoceptor agonist ) , phentolamine ( an alpha-adrenergic blocker ) and propranolol ( a beta-adrenergic blocker ) were infused intravenously . | NA | {
"id": "C0014563",
"name": "adrenalin",
"pos": [
0,
9
]
} | {
"id": "C0028351",
"name": "noradrenalin",
"pos": [
12,
24
]
} |
casein phosphopeptides ( cpp ) were produced by tryptic hydrolysis of sodium caseinate and further purified by precipitation and chromatography on qae-sephadex a-25 . | NA | {
"id": "C0007332",
"name": "casein",
"pos": [
0,
6
]
} | {
"id": "C0037488",
"name": "sodium",
"pos": [
70,
76
]
} |
binding of ca2+ to the peptides was measured using a ca selective electrode and was found to increase with ph and to show 1/1 stoicheiometry ca/porg in cpp at ph 6.5 and 7.6 . | NA | {
"id": "C0030956",
"name": "peptides",
"pos": [
23,
31
]
} | {
"id": "C0031684",
"name": "cpp",
"pos": [
152,
155
]
} |
casein and other milk proteins in maternal colostrum and milk , the earliest food of the newborn , should not only be considered as a nutritional supply but also as a source of biologically active peptides . | NA | {
"id": "C0007332",
"name": "casein",
"pos": [
0,
6
]
} | {
"id": "C0026138",
"name": "milk proteins",
"pos": [
17,
30
]
} |
among these factors are the main milk proteins , the caseins : during enzymic digestion of human and bovine caseins , immunomodulating peptides are released . | NA | {
"id": "C0026138",
"name": "milk proteins",
"pos": [
33,
46
]
} | {
"id": "C0007332",
"name": "caseins",
"pos": [
108,
115
]
} |
addition of methionine and lysine to a corn-based diet increased milk protein percentage and yield , plasma methionine and lysine concentrations , and increased yield of the casein proteins in milk . | NA | {
"id": "C0026138",
"name": "milk protein",
"pos": [
65,
77
]
} | {
"id": "C0007332",
"name": "casein",
"pos": [
174,
180
]
} |
the older children were found to have about 50 percent higher new caries increments than did the entire panel of children . | NA | {
"id": "C1455726",
"name": "older children",
"pos": [
4,
18
]
} | {
"id": "C0008059",
"name": "children",
"pos": [
113,
121
]
} |
in two of the four patients in whom tnf was induced in the ascites , the tnf production by pbmc and alc was noted during priming , and after triggering , an increase in both the number of intraperitoneal macrophages and the tnf production by alc was noted . | NA | {
"id": "C1321301",
"name": "pbmc",
"pos": [
91,
95
]
} | {
"id": "C0007634",
"name": "the",
"pos": [
220,
223
]
} |
despite the above , diagnostic modalities for ibd are as effective as those for amebiasis , particularly for crohn 's disease with ileal involvement . | NA | {
"id": "C0021390",
"name": "ibd",
"pos": [
46,
49
]
} | {
"id": "C0010346",
"name": "crohn 's disease",
"pos": [
109,
125
]
} |
it occurs in patients with profound dysfunction of the short-bowel syndrome and is believed to result from massive carbohydrate malabsorption with resultant over-production of d-lactate and other organic anions by the colonic flora . | NA | {
"id": "C0036992",
"name": "short-bowel syndrome",
"pos": [
55,
75
]
} | {
"id": "C0024523",
"name": "malabsorption",
"pos": [
128,
141
]
} |
baseline values and changes in adrenaline and noradrenaline levels during ma were similar in nt and ht . | NA | {
"id": "C0014563",
"name": "adrenaline",
"pos": [
31,
41
]
} | {
"id": "C0028351",
"name": "noradrenaline",
"pos": [
46,
59
]
} |
activation of protein kinase c ( pkc ) , by the phorbol ester pma , or the membrane-permeable diacylglycerol 1-oleoyl 2-acetylglycerol ( oag ) , had different effects on the proliferation-associated responses of a more than 99 % pure population of human t cells . | NA | {
"id": "C0031586",
"name": "phorbol ester",
"pos": [
48,
61
]
} | {
"id": "C0039654",
"name": "pma",
"pos": [
62,
65
]
} |
inasmuch as inositol phosphate metabolites have been linked to rises in [ ca2+ ] i , we analyzed by fplc the relative amounts of the inositol polyphosphates ( ip ) in these cells . | NA | {
"id": "C0021554",
"name": "inositol phosphate",
"pos": [
12,
30
]
} | {
"id": "C0021547",
"name": "inositol",
"pos": [
133,
141
]
} |
based on additivity and cross-blocking studies , we conclude that two of these antibodies ( mab 22 and 44 ) define a third epitope which is distinct from the binding sites for both mab 32 and the fc portion of human igg . | NA | {
"id": "C0003241",
"name": "antibodies",
"pos": [
79,
89
]
} | {
"id": "C0003250",
"name": "mab",
"pos": [
181,
184
]
} |
previous studies demonstrating hydrolysis of phosphatidylinositol bisphosphate ( pip2 ) and generation of inositol phosphates in neutrophils exposed to 20.0 mm naf provide indirect evidence that activation of phospholipase-associated guanine nucleotide regulatory protein , a guanine nucleotide binding protein which regulates the activation of a membrane inositol-specific phospholipase c , is an early event in the neutrophil stimulus-response pathway triggered by fluoride . | NA | {
"id": "C0021554",
"name": "inositol phosphates",
"pos": [
106,
125
]
} | {
"id": "C0021547",
"name": "inositol",
"pos": [
356,
364
]
} |
previous studies demonstrating hydrolysis of phosphatidylinositol bisphosphate ( pip2 ) and generation of inositol phosphates in neutrophils exposed to 20.0 mm naf provide indirect evidence that activation of phospholipase-associated guanine nucleotide regulatory protein , a guanine nucleotide binding protein which regulates the activation of a membrane inositol-specific phospholipase c , is an early event in the neutrophil stimulus-response pathway triggered by fluoride . | NA | {
"id": "C0037508",
"name": "naf",
"pos": [
160,
163
]
} | {
"id": "C0016327",
"name": "fluoride",
"pos": [
467,
475
]
} |
to further explore the involvement of guanine nucleotides in functional responses of intact neutrophils triggered by fluoride , we preincubated cells with 2-beta-d-ribofuranosylthiazole-4-carboxamide ( tiazofurin ) , a selective inhibitor of inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase , to diminish guanine nucleotide synthesis and then compared superoxide generation induced by fmlp , pma , digitonin , and 20.0 mm naf to intracellular levels of guanine nucleotides . | NA | {
"id": "C0016327",
"name": "fluoride",
"pos": [
117,
125
]
} | {
"id": "C0037508",
"name": "naf",
"pos": [
409,
412
]
} |
maximal depletion of guanine nucleotides required relatively high levels of tiazofurin ( 200 to 400 microm ) and resulted in a 55 to 60 % reduction of gtp and gdp . | NA | {
"id": "C0018328",
"name": "guanine nucleotides",
"pos": [
21,
40
]
} | {
"id": "C0018353",
"name": "gtp",
"pos": [
151,
154
]
} |
maximal depletion of guanine nucleotides required relatively high levels of tiazofurin ( 200 to 400 microm ) and resulted in a 55 to 60 % reduction of gtp and gdp . | NA | {
"id": "C0018328",
"name": "guanine nucleotides",
"pos": [
21,
40
]
} | {
"id": "C0018340",
"name": "gdp",
"pos": [
159,
162
]
} |
we subsequently used these pkc-beta negative cells to study the role of this isoenzyme in mediating some of the effects seen with phorbol esters that directly bind to and activate pkc . | NA | {
"id": "C0257291",
"name": "pkc-beta",
"pos": [
27,
35
]
} | {
"id": "C0033634",
"name": "pkc",
"pos": [
180,
183
]
} |
to determine the molecular basis for this polymorphism , we isolated total cellular rna from pbmc of responders and nonresponders ( defined by leu-4-induced [ 3h ] thymidine incorporation ) and synthesized corresponding cdna . | NA | {
"id": "C0007634",
"name": "cellular",
"pos": [
75,
83
]
} | {
"id": "C1321301",
"name": "pbmc",
"pos": [
93,
97
]
} |
several plant lectins , such as phytohaemagglutinin ( pha ) , pokeweed mitogen ( pwm ) , concanavalin a ( cona ) , maclura pumifera ( mpa ) and pisum sativum agglutinin ( psa ) , are potent mitogens for human lymphocytes . | NA | {
"id": "C0304052",
"name": "plant lectins",
"pos": [
8,
21
]
} | {
"id": "C0032350",
"name": "pokeweed mitogen",
"pos": [
62,
78
]
} |
several plant lectins , such as phytohaemagglutinin ( pha ) , pokeweed mitogen ( pwm ) , concanavalin a ( cona ) , maclura pumifera ( mpa ) and pisum sativum agglutinin ( psa ) , are potent mitogens for human lymphocytes . | NA | {
"id": "C0304052",
"name": "plant lectins",
"pos": [
8,
21
]
} | {
"id": "C0009630",
"name": "concanavalin a",
"pos": [
89,
103
]
} |
we have therefore studied the binding of five mitogenic plant lectins , namely pha , pwm , cona , mpa and psa to three major human lymphocyte subsets as defined by anti-cd4 , anti-cd8 and anti-cd16 monoclonal antibodies . | NA | {
"id": "C0304052",
"name": "plant lectins",
"pos": [
56,
69
]
} | {
"id": "C0032350",
"name": "pwm",
"pos": [
85,
88
]
} |
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