text stringlengths 57 1.72k | relation stringclasses 125
values | h dict | t dict |
|---|---|---|---|
subdural hematomas evolved in a pattern similar to intracerebral hemorrhage with the exception of chronic subdural hematomas , in which isointensity of hypointensity relative to gray matter was observed on short tr/te images compared with the persistent very high signal intensity noted in chronic parenchymal hematomas . | NA | {
"id": "C0018946",
"name": "subdural hematomas",
"pos": [
0,
18
]
} | {
"id": "C0749095",
"name": "chronic subdural hematomas",
"pos": [
98,
124
]
} |
subdural hematomas evolved in a pattern similar to intracerebral hemorrhage with the exception of chronic subdural hematomas , in which isointensity of hypointensity relative to gray matter was observed on short tr/te images compared with the persistent very high signal intensity noted in chronic parenchymal hematomas . | NA | {
"id": "C0018946",
"name": "subdural hematomas",
"pos": [
0,
18
]
} | {
"id": "C0018944",
"name": "hematomas",
"pos": [
310,
319
]
} |
the persistence of high signal from methemoglobin in a hematoma that is expected to be in the chronic phase also suggests repeated hemorrhage . | NA | {
"id": "C0018944",
"name": "hematoma",
"pos": [
55,
63
]
} | {
"id": "C0019080",
"name": "hemorrhage",
"pos": [
131,
141
]
} |
demographic/background variables were assessed through use of the addiction severity index , risk-taking behaviors relative to hiv infection and aids through use of a structured interview schedule , intellectual functioning through use of the shipley institute for living scale , and psychiatric symptoms through use of the hopkins symptom check list ( scl-90r ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0019693",
"name": "hiv infection",
"pos": [
127,
140
]
} | {
"id": "C0001175",
"name": "aids",
"pos": [
145,
149
]
} |
correlates of lipids and lipoproteins in men and women aged 35-64 years from selected polish rural , polish urban , and us samples . | NA | {
"id": "C0023779",
"name": "lipids",
"pos": [
14,
20
]
} | {
"id": "C0023820",
"name": "lipoproteins",
"pos": [
25,
37
]
} |
retinol levels were positively related to male sex and use of vitamins , diuretics , beta blockers , other cardiovascular drugs , and menopausal estrogens , and negatively related to current cigarette smoking and use of nitrates . | NA | {
"id": "C0012798",
"name": "diuretics",
"pos": [
73,
82
]
} | {
"id": "C0007220",
"name": "cardiovascular drugs",
"pos": [
107,
127
]
} |
the discovery of selective postjunctional alpha 1-adrenergic-receptor inhibitors , such as prazosin and doxazosin , which preserve feedback control of transmitter norepinephrine release , was the crucially important step in the development of specific drugs to combat the hyperactivity of adrenergic vasoconstrictor nerves in hypertension . | NA | {
"id": "C0032912",
"name": "prazosin",
"pos": [
91,
99
]
} | {
"id": "C0114873",
"name": "doxazosin",
"pos": [
104,
113
]
} |
alpha 1-adrenergic-receptor inhibitors , such as prazosin and doxazosin , represent an attractive choice for initial therapy in all grades of hypertension and are especially appropriate in hypertensive patients with congestive heart failure , asthma and chronic obstructive airways disease , renal impairment , diabetes mellitus , hyperlipidemia , benign prostatic hyperplasia , or gout , and in those involved in vigorous work , sports , or exercise . | NA | {
"id": "C0032912",
"name": "prazosin",
"pos": [
49,
57
]
} | {
"id": "C0114873",
"name": "doxazosin",
"pos": [
62,
71
]
} |
this may , in part , be due to the fact that many of the antihypertensive agents used in these trials adversely influence lipid and lipoprotein levels . | NA | {
"id": "C0023779",
"name": "lipid",
"pos": [
122,
127
]
} | {
"id": "C0023820",
"name": "lipoprotein",
"pos": [
132,
143
]
} |
examination of the gangliosides in formalin-fixed brain indicated a slight increase in the percentage of gm1 ganglioside and a clear elevation in gm2 and gm3 gangliosides . | NA | {
"id": "C0017082",
"name": "gangliosides",
"pos": [
19,
31
]
} | {
"id": "C0016897",
"name": "gm3 gangliosides",
"pos": [
154,
170
]
} |
either high or low maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein values were associated with 34.2 % of all major congenital defects , 19.1 % of all stillbirths and fetal-neonatal deaths , 11.0 % of major pregnancy complications , and 15.9 % of serious newborn complications . | NA | {
"id": "C0595939",
"name": "stillbirths",
"pos": [
135,
146
]
} | {
"id": "C0015927",
"name": "fetal",
"pos": [
151,
156
]
} |
spontaneous abortions occurred in both lupus anticoagulant-positive patients , suggesting that the activated partial thromboplastin time used was a relatively insensitive but specific marker for antiphospholipid antibody-associated adverse pregnancy outcomes . | NA | {
"id": "C0085240",
"name": "lupus anticoagulant",
"pos": [
39,
58
]
} | {
"id": "C0162595",
"name": "antiphospholipid",
"pos": [
195,
211
]
} |
significant differences were found when gestational age at delivery , placental weight , birth weight , and the number of small muscular arteries in the placenta were compared . | NA | {
"id": "C0005910",
"name": "weight",
"pos": [
80,
86
]
} | {
"id": "C0005612",
"name": "birth weight",
"pos": [
89,
101
]
} |
isolated rat adipocytes incubated at 37 degrees c with 0.1 mm hexoses accumulated free 2-deoxy-d-galactose ( 2-dgal ) or d-galactose ( gal ) against steady-state gradients of 5.5 +/- 1.2 and 2.5 +/- 0.7 , respectively . | NA | {
"id": "C0019494",
"name": "hexoses",
"pos": [
62,
69
]
} | {
"id": "C0016945",
"name": "galactose",
"pos": [
123,
132
]
} |
hypoxia also caused a significant decrease in plasma membrane total phospholipids and a marked increase in plasma membrane free fatty acids that appeared to be due to release of fatty acids from the plasma membrane phospholipids . | NA | {
"id": "C0015688",
"name": "free fatty acids",
"pos": [
123,
139
]
} | {
"id": "C0015684",
"name": "fatty acids",
"pos": [
178,
189
]
} |
the npy-immunoreactive material throughout the genital tract was identical to synthetic amidated human npy with regard to size , hydrophobicity , and charge as evaluated by gel filtration , high-performance liquid chromatography , and isoelectric focusing . | NA | {
"id": "C0027895",
"name": "npy",
"pos": [
4,
7
]
} | {
"id": "C0027893",
"name": "npy",
"pos": [
103,
106
]
} |
we examined the relationships between receptor occupation , calcium mobilization , and stimulated amylase release for cholecystokinin octapeptide ( cck-8 ) and for cck-jmv-180 , an analogue of the cooh-terminal heptapeptide of cck having the structure boc-tyr ( so3 ) -nle-gly-trp-nle-asp-2-phenylethyl ester using dispersed acini from rat pancreas . | NA | {
"id": "C0037167",
"name": "cck-8",
"pos": [
148,
153
]
} | {
"id": "C2917328",
"name": "analogue",
"pos": [
181,
189
]
} |
somatostatin 14 , somatostatin 28 , and [ leu8-d-trp22-tyr25 ] s28 were equivalent in displacing 125i- [ leu8-d-trp22-tyr25 ] s28 from the binding sites . | NA | {
"id": "C0037659",
"name": "somatostatin 14",
"pos": [
0,
15
]
} | {
"id": "C0074854",
"name": "somatostatin 28",
"pos": [
18,
33
]
} |
cells were preequilibrated with radioactive tracer at 25 degrees c , and tracer transport was initiated by 10-fold dilution of an aliquot of cells in radioisotope-free medium . | NA | {
"id": "C0034551",
"name": "radioactive tracer",
"pos": [
32,
50
]
} | {
"id": "C0034595",
"name": "radioisotope",
"pos": [
150,
162
]
} |
the organization of the genes for the surfactant proteins is outlined and the affects of these proteins on the properties of phospholipid membranes are discussed . | NA | {
"id": "C0072600",
"name": "surfactant proteins",
"pos": [
38,
57
]
} | {
"id": "C0033684",
"name": "proteins",
"pos": [
95,
103
]
} |
because the bronchial epithelial cells that line the airway can modulate their local cellular environment by releasing chemotactic factors for neutrophils , lymphocytes , and fibroblasts , we postulated that the bronchial epithelial cells might release chemotactic activity for monocytes . | NA | {
"id": "C0007634",
"name": "cellular",
"pos": [
85,
93
]
} | {
"id": "C0016030",
"name": "fibroblasts",
"pos": [
175,
186
]
} |
the majority of work done with lung cells has concentrated on interactions between macrophages and fibroblasts , and it is evident that macrophages are capable of producing mitogens affecting the proliferation of fibroblasts . | NA | {
"id": "C0007634",
"name": "cells",
"pos": [
36,
41
]
} | {
"id": "C0016030",
"name": "fibroblasts",
"pos": [
213,
224
]
} |
no fewer than five peptidase enzymes are disposed on the pulmonary vascular surface and are capable of reacting with peptides ( including peptide hormones and pro-hormones ) within the intravascular space . | NA | {
"id": "C0597192",
"name": "peptide hormones",
"pos": [
138,
154
]
} | {
"id": "C0019932",
"name": "hormones",
"pos": [
163,
171
]
} |
the metabolic clearance rate of avp is also altered , increasing three- to fourfold between gestational week 10 and midtrimester , paralleling the appearance and rapid rise in circulating cystine-aminopeptidase ( vasopressinase ) , an observation that may explain several disorders of water handling that complicate human pregnancy . | NA | {
"id": "C0032980",
"name": "midtrimester",
"pos": [
116,
128
]
} | {
"id": "C0032961",
"name": "pregnancy",
"pos": [
322,
331
]
} |
as expected , nahco3 loading increased urine ph and decreased net acid excretion ( nh4+ + titratable acid - hco3- ) , whereas nh4cl loading had the opposite effect . | NA | {
"id": "C0074722",
"name": "nahco3",
"pos": [
14,
20
]
} | {
"id": "C0005367",
"name": "hco3",
"pos": [
108,
112
]
} |
atp-dependent ca2+ uptake and ca2+-stimulated adenosinetriphosphatase ( atpase ) activities in sl from hypertrophied hearts were increased by 35 % . | NA | {
"id": "C0001476",
"name": "ca2",
"pos": [
14,
17
]
} | {
"id": "C0001473",
"name": "atpase",
"pos": [
72,
78
]
} |
during lad occlusion , 11 dogs exhibited transmural dyskinesis ( group 1 ) , whereas 5 had transmural hypokinesis ( group 2 ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0013384",
"name": "dyskinesis",
"pos": [
52,
62
]
} | {
"id": "C0086439",
"name": "hypokinesis",
"pos": [
102,
113
]
} |
this study demonstrates that after both severe ischemia resulting in dyskinesis and mild ischemia resulting in hypokinesis , rep is associated with slower recovery of function in the inner than in the outer layers . | NA | {
"id": "C0013384",
"name": "dyskinesis",
"pos": [
69,
79
]
} | {
"id": "C0086439",
"name": "hypokinesis",
"pos": [
111,
122
]
} |
on gel filtration of the extracts , two major molecular forms of somatostatin-like immunoreactivity were elicited , the predominant one coeluting with somatostatin-14 and a minor peak corresponding to somatostatin-28 . | NA | {
"id": "C0037659",
"name": "somatostatin-14",
"pos": [
151,
166
]
} | {
"id": "C0074854",
"name": "somatostatin-28",
"pos": [
201,
216
]
} |
the urinary excretion and the plasma concentration of deoxycorticosterone ( doc ) , corticosterone , 18-hydroxy-doc ( 18-oh-doc ) , aldosterone , and 19-nor-doc were measured by specific radioimmunoassays in genetically hypertensive ( lh ) , normotensive ( ln ) , and low blood pressure ( ll ) male rats of the lyon strains at two ages that characterize the development of their systolic blood pressure ( sbp ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0000173",
"name": "18-hydroxy-doc",
"pos": [
101,
115
]
} | {
"id": "C0011710",
"name": "doc",
"pos": [
157,
160
]
} |
in the t4-treated ferrets , there was no significant increase of the alpha ( + ) -isoform ( 3.2 +/- 0.2 pmol/mg protein ) , whereas the number of alpha-isoform increased significantly to 4.1 +/- 0.3 pmol/mg protein [ alpha ( + ) /alpha = 0.78 ] . | NA | {
"id": "C0033684",
"name": "protein",
"pos": [
112,
119
]
} | {
"id": "C0597298",
"name": "isoform",
"pos": [
152,
159
]
} |
oxidative metabolism-contraction coupling was studied in single rabbit aortic rings by measuring changes in phosphocreatine ( pcr ) and atp content , the ratio of pcr to free creatine ( cr ) , and changes in muscle force under conditions in which cellular energy production was inhibited . | NA | {
"id": "C0031634",
"name": "pcr",
"pos": [
126,
129
]
} | {
"id": "C0010286",
"name": "creatine",
"pos": [
175,
183
]
} |
we compared rings with markedly different total pcr content by using rings loaded with creatine , control ( unloaded ) rings , and rings exposed for 30 min to zero-glucose solution . | NA | {
"id": "C0031634",
"name": "pcr",
"pos": [
48,
51
]
} | {
"id": "C0010286",
"name": "creatine",
"pos": [
87,
95
]
} |
changes in muscle force induced by inhibition of energy production using the various perturbations correlated with changes in pcr/cr . | NA | {
"id": "C0031634",
"name": "pcr",
"pos": [
126,
129
]
} | {
"id": "C0010286",
"name": "cr",
"pos": [
130,
132
]
} |
metabolism-contraction coupling is not controlled by total energy stores or by pcr or cr concentration . | NA | {
"id": "C0031634",
"name": "pcr",
"pos": [
79,
82
]
} | {
"id": "C0010286",
"name": "cr",
"pos": [
86,
88
]
} |
the dynamics of pure parasystole , a cardiac arrhythmia in which two competing pacemakers fire independently , have recently been fully characterized . | NA | {
"id": "C0206068",
"name": "parasystole",
"pos": [
21,
32
]
} | {
"id": "C0003811",
"name": "cardiac arrhythmia",
"pos": [
37,
55
]
} |
to test the hypothesis that selective activation of cell bodies in the cvlm can inhibit the discharge of neurons in the rvlm , activity from 88 neurons in the rvlm was recorded extracellularly while 2-30 nl sodium glutamate ( glu ; 0.15 m ) were microinjected into depressor sites of the cvlm of urethan-anesthetized male wistar rats . | NA | {
"id": "C0037511",
"name": "sodium glutamate",
"pos": [
207,
223
]
} | {
"id": "C0061472",
"name": "glu",
"pos": [
226,
229
]
} |
plasma concentrations of catecholamines [ cas ; epinephrine ( e ) , norepinephrine ( ne ) , and dopamine ( da ) ] were determined in aortic ( ao ) , hepatic venous ( hv ) , portal venous ( pv ) , and adrenal venous ( adv ) blood collected simultaneously before , during , and after hemorrhage ( h ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0014563",
"name": "epinephrine",
"pos": [
48,
59
]
} | {
"id": "C0028351",
"name": "norepinephrine",
"pos": [
68,
82
]
} |
overfed obese rats produce a blood-borne factor that inhibits adipose fatty acid synthesis in their partners , resulting in loss of body fat without significant inhibition of food intake . | NA | {
"id": "C1257763",
"name": "overfed",
"pos": [
0,
7
]
} | {
"id": "C0028754",
"name": "adipose",
"pos": [
62,
69
]
} |
the unreported fetal deaths were mainly those perceived by attending physicians as spontaneous abortion , especially missed or incomplete spontaneous abortion . | NA | {
"id": "C0000786",
"name": "spontaneous abortion",
"pos": [
83,
103
]
} | {
"id": "C0000810",
"name": "incomplete spontaneous abortion",
"pos": [
127,
158
]
} |
physicians apparently preferred the label of spontaneous abortion over stillbirth or fetal death whenever fetal maturity could not be substantiated , regardless of prior estimates of the date of the lmp . | NA | {
"id": "C0595939",
"name": "stillbirth",
"pos": [
71,
81
]
} | {
"id": "C0015927",
"name": "fetal death",
"pos": [
85,
96
]
} |
these features , together with the absence of actual muscle cell proliferation and the assumption that the mass of the tumor could be explained by the enormous swelling of the muscle cells , lead us to conclude that an adult rhabodomyoma is merely the result of a process of disorderly degeneration and regeneration rather than a real neoplasm or a hamartomatous lesion . | NA | {
"id": "C0027651",
"name": "neoplasm",
"pos": [
335,
343
]
} | {
"id": "C0018552",
"name": "hamartomatous",
"pos": [
349,
362
]
} |
the rate of infection acquired in the unit was between 12 and 37 % , the most frequent types were bronchopneumonia , septicemia and urinary tract infection . | NA | {
"id": "C0009450",
"name": "infection",
"pos": [
12,
21
]
} | {
"id": "C0042029",
"name": "urinary tract infection",
"pos": [
132,
155
]
} |
in comparison with polyvalent immunoglobulins , pseudomonas immunoglobulin ( psomaglobin ) is enriched several times in antibodies to ps . lipopolysaccharide antigens and exotoxin a as well as lipid a . | NA | {
"id": "C0023810",
"name": "lipopolysaccharide",
"pos": [
139,
157
]
} | {
"id": "C0023767",
"name": "lipid a",
"pos": [
193,
200
]
} |
heart rate ( hr ) , blood pressure ( radial arterial catheter ) , and plasma levels of renin activity ( pra ) , norepinephrine ( n ) , epinephrine ( e ) , and dopamine ( d ) were measured : 1 ) while patients were awake ; | NA | {
"id": "C0028351",
"name": "norepinephrine",
"pos": [
112,
126
]
} | {
"id": "C0014563",
"name": "epinephrine",
"pos": [
135,
146
]
} |
immunoscintigraphy with 131i-labeled mab 155h.7 was used to study the in vivo distribution of the antibody . | NA | {
"id": "C0003250",
"name": "mab",
"pos": [
37,
40
]
} | {
"id": "C0003241",
"name": "antibody",
"pos": [
98,
106
]
} |
factor viii-related antigen protein ( viii : ag ) , a reported marker of acute lung injury , and alpha-1-protease inhibitor ( alpha-1-pi ) , an acute phase reactant , were also measured . | NA | {
"id": "C0002191",
"name": "alpha-1-protease inhibitor",
"pos": [
97,
123
]
} | {
"id": "C0001347",
"name": "acute phase reactant",
"pos": [
144,
164
]
} |
this different approach , focusing on the onset of infection rather than on incidence , allows a new insight into the problem of nosocomial infection : pneumonia in patients with respiratory support is an early occurrence with a high and constant rate of acquisition and , therefore , a high risk of infection in the first eight to ten days . | NA | {
"id": "C0016397",
"name": "focusing",
"pos": [
26,
34
]
} | {
"id": "C0009450",
"name": "infection",
"pos": [
300,
309
]
} |
inhibition was greater with the a2-selective analog n-ethylcarboxamide adenosine than the a1-selective analog phenylisopropyladenosine , suggesting that a2-receptors are involved . | NA | {
"id": "C0001443",
"name": "adenosine",
"pos": [
71,
80
]
} | {
"id": "C0031484",
"name": "phenylisopropyladenosine",
"pos": [
110,
134
]
} |
a dihydropyridine calcium channel antagonist ( nifedipine ) was ineffective in preventing or even attenuating aib in the canine lung periphery . | NA | {
"id": "C2945601",
"name": "dihydropyridine calcium",
"pos": [
2,
25
]
} | {
"id": "C0028066",
"name": "nifedipine",
"pos": [
47,
57
]
} |
these results document the presence of met- and leu-enk immunoreactivity in nerve fibers supplying guinea pig and rat airways and pulmonary vessels , and provide a morphologic basis for the view that enkephalins are likely neurotransmitters or neuromodulators in the lung . | NA | {
"id": "C0014294",
"name": "leu-enk",
"pos": [
48,
55
]
} | {
"id": "C0014298",
"name": "enkephalins",
"pos": [
200,
211
]
} |
arachidonate levels increased in all phosphoglyceride classes , with the greatest increases in phosphatidylethanolamine , phosphatidylcholine , and phosphatidylinositol . | NA | {
"id": "C0162448",
"name": "phosphoglyceride",
"pos": [
37,
53
]
} | {
"id": "C0031618",
"name": "phosphatidylethanolamine",
"pos": [
95,
119
]
} |
arachidonate levels increased in all phosphoglyceride classes , with the greatest increases in phosphatidylethanolamine , phosphatidylcholine , and phosphatidylinositol . | NA | {
"id": "C0162448",
"name": "phosphoglyceride",
"pos": [
37,
53
]
} | {
"id": "C1959616",
"name": "phosphatidylcholine",
"pos": [
122,
141
]
} |
arachidonate levels increased in all phosphoglyceride classes , with the greatest increases in phosphatidylethanolamine , phosphatidylcholine , and phosphatidylinositol . | NA | {
"id": "C0162448",
"name": "phosphoglyceride",
"pos": [
37,
53
]
} | {
"id": "C0031621",
"name": "phosphatidylinositol",
"pos": [
148,
168
]
} |
fresh frozen plasma is often used in the treatment of critically ill trauma and surgery patients , and especially in severely burned patients , who are immunosuppressed by the nature of their injury . | NA | {
"id": "C0043251",
"name": "trauma",
"pos": [
69,
75
]
} | {
"id": "C0006434",
"name": "burned",
"pos": [
126,
132
]
} |
because both epinephrine and norepinephrine are alpha- and beta-adrenergic stimulators , the rat foot model was developed to study the possible use of phentolamine or labetalol in protection against tissue necrosis after injection of epinephrine in the extremity . | NA | {
"id": "C0014563",
"name": "epinephrine",
"pos": [
13,
24
]
} | {
"id": "C0028351",
"name": "norepinephrine",
"pos": [
29,
43
]
} |
a panel of seven alkaline phosphatase labeled lectins was used to probe nitrocellulose electroblots of sds-page separated proteins from a primary culture of normal ovarian granulosa cells and an enu-induced sertoli cell tumor cell line ( sctl-i ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0023206",
"name": "lectins",
"pos": [
46,
53
]
} | {
"id": "C0033684",
"name": "proteins",
"pos": [
122,
130
]
} |
renal biopsy in 12 patients showed congenital nephrotic syndrome of the finnish type ( 4 cases ) , 2 each of congenital glomerulosclerosis , mesangioproliferative glomerulonephritis and minimal change disease , and 1 each of focal segmental glomerulosclerosis and tubular amyloidosis . | NA | {
"id": "C0017658",
"name": "glomerulonephritis",
"pos": [
163,
181
]
} | {
"id": "C0017668",
"name": "focal segmental",
"pos": [
225,
240
]
} |
the 875-amino-acid residue-resistant gyrase a protein differed at three positions from its wild-type e. coli k-12 counterpart : tryptophan , glutamate , and serine replaced serine , aspartate , and alanine residues at positions 83 , 678 , and 828 , respectively . | NA | {
"id": "C0002520",
"name": "amino-acid",
"pos": [
8,
18
]
} | {
"id": "C0001898",
"name": "alanine",
"pos": [
198,
205
]
} |
the inhibition of the lymphadenopathy-associated virus strain of human immunodeficiency virus ( hiv ) by alternating regimens of two dideoxynucleosides , 3'-azido-3'-deoxythymidine ( azt ) ( zidovudine ) and 2',3'-dideoxycytidine ( ddc ) , was determined in cem cells . | NA | {
"id": "C0012136",
"name": "dideoxynucleosides",
"pos": [
133,
151
]
} | {
"id": "C0043474",
"name": "zidovudine",
"pos": [
191,
201
]
} |
we report that the obligatory salt supplement with ticarcillin is sufficient to account for the renal sparing effect of the combination treatment without having to infer a direct chemical interaction of penicillin with the aminoglycoside . | NA | {
"id": "C0040193",
"name": "ticarcillin",
"pos": [
51,
62
]
} | {
"id": "C0030842",
"name": "penicillin",
"pos": [
203,
213
]
} |
shv-5 beta-lactamase caused decreased susceptibility to most penicillins , cephalosporins , and monobactams , except imipenem and compounds which have a c6 or c7 alpha-methoxy substituent . beta-lactamase inhibitors ( clavulanic acid , sulbactam , and tazobactam ) inhibited its activity and showed a synergistic effect when associated with different hydrolyzable beta-lactam compounds . | NA | {
"id": "C0030842",
"name": "penicillins",
"pos": [
61,
72
]
} | {
"id": "C0038665",
"name": "sulbactam",
"pos": [
236,
245
]
} |
shv-5 beta-lactamase caused decreased susceptibility to most penicillins , cephalosporins , and monobactams , except imipenem and compounds which have a c6 or c7 alpha-methoxy substituent . beta-lactamase inhibitors ( clavulanic acid , sulbactam , and tazobactam ) inhibited its activity and showed a synergistic effect when associated with different hydrolyzable beta-lactam compounds . | NA | {
"id": "C0030842",
"name": "penicillins",
"pos": [
61,
72
]
} | {
"id": "C0282215",
"name": "beta-lactam",
"pos": [
364,
375
]
} |
shv-5 beta-lactamase caused decreased susceptibility to most penicillins , cephalosporins , and monobactams , except imipenem and compounds which have a c6 or c7 alpha-methoxy substituent . beta-lactamase inhibitors ( clavulanic acid , sulbactam , and tazobactam ) inhibited its activity and showed a synergistic effect when associated with different hydrolyzable beta-lactam compounds . | NA | {
"id": "C0026458",
"name": "monobactams",
"pos": [
96,
107
]
} | {
"id": "C0282215",
"name": "beta-lactam",
"pos": [
364,
375
]
} |
azithromycin and cp-63,956 , new extended-half-life macrolides which reach high levels in tissue , exhibit in vitro antiamebic activity at 18 or 48 h of incubation at concentrations comparable to that of erythromycin and slightly higher than that of metronidazole . | NA | {
"id": "C0052796",
"name": "azithromycin",
"pos": [
0,
12
]
} | {
"id": "C0014806",
"name": "erythromycin",
"pos": [
204,
216
]
} |
the most active antimicrobial agents were piperacillin and minocycline , followed ( in descending order of activity ) by moxalactam , erythromycin , cefoperazone , tetracycline , ampicillin , cefotaxime , chloramphenicol , josamycin , sulfamethoxazole , and nalidixic acid . | NA | {
"id": "C0031955",
"name": "piperacillin",
"pos": [
42,
54
]
} | {
"id": "C0002680",
"name": "ampicillin",
"pos": [
179,
189
]
} |
the effects of cd2+ , cu2+ , mg2+ , and zn2+ on the decomposition of citric acid by a klebsiella sp . were studied by monitoring the degradation of [ 14c ] citrate . | NA | {
"id": "C0055819",
"name": "citric acid",
"pos": [
69,
80
]
} | {
"id": "C0008857",
"name": "citrate",
"pos": [
156,
163
]
} |
after 72 h of incubation , 80 % of the uncomplexed citric acid and 76 % of the magnesium citrate had been decomposed . | NA | {
"id": "C0055819",
"name": "citric acid",
"pos": [
51,
62
]
} | {
"id": "C0126774",
"name": "magnesium citrate",
"pos": [
79,
96
]
} |
this antibody exhibited good reactivity with 12- , 14- or 16-membered macrolides possessing amino-substituted sugar moieties , regardless of the presence of neutral sugar residues . | NA | {
"id": "C0002531",
"name": "amino",
"pos": [
92,
97
]
} | {
"id": "C0007004",
"name": "sugar",
"pos": [
165,
170
]
} |
the total fiber component and the cellulose component of the straw were degraded in similar proportions , but the lignin component remained undegraded by any of the fungi . | NA | {
"id": "C0007648",
"name": "cellulose",
"pos": [
34,
43
]
} | {
"id": "C0023705",
"name": "lignin",
"pos": [
114,
120
]
} |
comparison of their dna by the s1 nuclease dna-dna hybridization method showed that the seven strains formed a tight genomic species with dna relatedness above 90 % . | NA | {
"id": "C0012854",
"name": "dna",
"pos": [
20,
23
]
} | {
"id": "C0000702",
"name": "a",
"pos": [
154,
155
]
} |
the high prevalence of acas in aids , in aids-related complex , and in otherwise healthy contacts with antibodies to human immunodeficiency virus suggests that their occurrence may be related to the underlying human immunodeficiency virus infection . | NA | {
"id": "C0001175",
"name": "aids",
"pos": [
31,
35
]
} | {
"id": "C0019693",
"name": "human immunodeficiency virus infection",
"pos": [
210,
248
]
} |
effects of modest doses of omega-3 fatty acids on lipids and lipoproteins in hypertriglyceridemic subjects . | NA | {
"id": "C0023779",
"name": "lipids",
"pos": [
50,
56
]
} | {
"id": "C0023820",
"name": "lipoproteins",
"pos": [
61,
73
]
} |
these data suggest that unlike large doses of omega-3 fatty acids , the hypotriglyceridemic effect of modest amounts of encapsulated fish oil supplementation is unaccompanied by favorable changes in ldl cholesterol or ldl apolipoprotein b levels ; | NA | {
"id": "C0015689",
"name": "omega-3 fatty acids",
"pos": [
46,
65
]
} | {
"id": "C0016157",
"name": "fish oil",
"pos": [
133,
141
]
} |
unintentional substitution of tablets with sulfonylurea drugs was related in both cases to a similarity in shape and color of the pills . | NA | {
"id": "C0039225",
"name": "tablets",
"pos": [
30,
37
]
} | {
"id": "C0994475",
"name": "pills",
"pos": [
130,
135
]
} |
changes in glycogen metabolism were explored in fast and slow muscles taken from rats fed with a diet containing 1 % beta-guanidine propionate ( gpa ) , a synthetic analog that inhibits the entry of creatine into muscle cells competitively and causes phosphorylcreatine depletion . | NA | {
"id": "C0010286",
"name": "creatine",
"pos": [
199,
207
]
} | {
"id": "C0031634",
"name": "phosphorylcreatine",
"pos": [
251,
269
]
} |
[ circadian variations in hemolymph lipids and lipoproteins and in hepatopancreatic lipids of the shrimp penaeus japonicus ] . | NA | {
"id": "C0023820",
"name": "lipoproteins",
"pos": [
47,
59
]
} | {
"id": "C0023779",
"name": "lipids",
"pos": [
84,
90
]
} |
the interrelations between urea , nh3 , allantoin , creatine and creatinine , uric acid and hippuric acid depend on the species ( monogastric or ruminants ) , on the nitrogen and n amount consumed and on the recycling ratio of the amino acids . | NA | {
"id": "C0010286",
"name": "creatine",
"pos": [
52,
60
]
} | {
"id": "C0002520",
"name": "amino acids",
"pos": [
231,
242
]
} |
the results obtained showed that the effect of mehg on the synthesis of proteins in dorsal root ganglia was not uniform for individual protein species in the latent period of mehg intoxication . | NA | {
"id": "C0034861",
"name": "synthesis",
"pos": [
59,
68
]
} | {
"id": "C0033684",
"name": "protein",
"pos": [
135,
142
]
} |
for this reason the mutagenic potential of aa and ba was investigated in syrian hamster embryo fibroblasts ( she cells ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0016030",
"name": "fibroblasts",
"pos": [
95,
106
]
} | {
"id": "C0007634",
"name": "cells",
"pos": [
113,
118
]
} |
thus , oos-tmp , a pneumotoxin , was capable of causing a systemic hemorheological alteration , probably via increase in fibrinogen content , an acute-phase protein , in rats . | NA | {
"id": "C0016006",
"name": "fibrinogen",
"pos": [
121,
131
]
} | {
"id": "C0001347",
"name": "acute-phase protein",
"pos": [
145,
164
]
} |
these four phages have in common , among other properties , flagellotropic adsorption to host cells and total substitution of thymine by uracil in their dnas . | NA | {
"id": "C0040087",
"name": "thymine",
"pos": [
126,
133
]
} | {
"id": "C0041917",
"name": "uracil",
"pos": [
137,
143
]
} |
antibody responses to individual structural proteins ( e1 , e2 , and c ) of the m33 wild rubella virus and the ra 27/3 live attenuated rubella strain were assayed by immunoblotting in 11 girls , following immunization with ra 27/3 rubella vaccine . | NA | {
"id": "C0035924",
"name": "rubella virus",
"pos": [
89,
102
]
} | {
"id": "C0035923",
"name": "rubella",
"pos": [
231,
238
]
} |
in rats fed semipurified diets , increasing amounts of dietary cholestyramine counteracted the effects of dietary cholesterol on plasma and liver cholesterol concentrations . | NA | {
"id": "C0008395",
"name": "dietary cholesterol",
"pos": [
106,
125
]
} | {
"id": "C0008377",
"name": "cholesterol",
"pos": [
146,
157
]
} |
incubation with a nonpure hb solution ( hb plus red blood cell membrane aminophospholipids ; a-pls ) caused cell injury with significant release of tissue factor , plus a reaction characterized by 97.5 +/- 12.5 % increase in txb2 production accompanied by 25.3 +/- 3 % reduction in 6-keto-pgf1 alpha . | NA | {
"id": "C0019016",
"name": "a",
"pos": [
5,
6
]
} | {
"id": "C0019046",
"name": "hb",
"pos": [
40,
42
]
} |
the influence of dietary fat on myocardial vulnerability to arrhythmia was examined using coronary artery occlusion and reperfusion in the anesthetised rat as a whole animal model of ventricular fibrillation and sudden cardiac death . | NA | {
"id": "C0003811",
"name": "arrhythmia",
"pos": [
60,
70
]
} | {
"id": "C0042510",
"name": "ventricular fibrillation",
"pos": [
183,
207
]
} |
atrial overdrive pacing , via the pill electrode , successfully reverted four of the nine patients ( 44 % ) with narrow qrs tachycardia but no patient with vt . | NA | {
"id": "C0039231",
"name": "tachycardia",
"pos": [
124,
135
]
} | {
"id": "C0042514",
"name": "vt",
"pos": [
156,
158
]
} |
first-trimester prenatal diagnosis by dna analysis was carried out for seven pregnancies at risk for homozygous alpha 0-thalassaemia . | NA | {
"id": "C0032979",
"name": "first-trimester",
"pos": [
0,
15
]
} | {
"id": "C0032961",
"name": "pregnancies",
"pos": [
77,
88
]
} |
the distribution of plasma vitamin e ( ve ) was determined in 25 very low birthweight ( vlbw ) infants who were supplemented with 100 mg/kg per day of alpha-tocopherol acetate , given intragastrically . | NA | {
"id": "C0042874",
"name": "vitamin e",
"pos": [
27,
36
]
} | {
"id": "C1999896",
"name": "alpha-tocopherol acetate",
"pos": [
151,
175
]
} |
the ability of pbmnc , stored for 8 d in columbia 's middeck , to become activated and proliferate in vitro was similar to that of cells that remained in identical flight lockers on the ground as 1-g controls , thus indicating that pbmncs were not adversely affected by storage under microgravity conditions . | NA | {
"id": "C0007634",
"name": "cells",
"pos": [
131,
136
]
} | {
"id": "C1321301",
"name": "pbmncs",
"pos": [
232,
238
]
} |
the vast majority of the cultivated cells resembled fibroblasts , but could be identified as smooth muscle cells by their smooth muscle alpha-actin content . | NA | {
"id": "C0007634",
"name": "the",
"pos": [
0,
3
]
} | {
"id": "C0016030",
"name": "fibroblasts",
"pos": [
52,
63
]
} |
compared with normal muscle , significantly higher contents of glutathione , glutathione disulphide , protein-glutathione mixed disulphides and protein carbonyl groups , and significantly lower contents of free protein thiol groups , were found in pectoralis major muscle of genetically dystrophic chickens ( the muscle affected by this disease ) at 4 weeks of age . | NA | {
"id": "C0061516",
"name": "glutathione disulphide",
"pos": [
77,
99
]
} | {
"id": "C0017817",
"name": "glutathione",
"pos": [
110,
121
]
} |
amino acid analysis showed a high content of aspartic acid , glutamic acid , glycine and leucine . | NA | {
"id": "C0002520",
"name": "amino acid",
"pos": [
0,
10
]
} | {
"id": "C0017890",
"name": "glycine",
"pos": [
77,
84
]
} |
in both adult and infant lungs an additional putative myosin heavy chain which migrated slightly more rapidly than non-muscle myosin heavy chain was identified using the monoclonal smooth-muscle myosin antibody bf 48 . | NA | {
"id": "C0027100",
"name": "myosin heavy chain",
"pos": [
54,
72
]
} | {
"id": "C0027096",
"name": "myosin",
"pos": [
195,
201
]
} |
differentiated hl-60 cells were found to respond to the chemoattractants leukotriene b4 ( ltb4 ) and n-formylmethionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine ( fmlp ) , in a manner similar to neutrophils . | NA | {
"id": "C0008013",
"name": "chemoattractants",
"pos": [
56,
72
]
} | {
"id": "C0027229",
"name": "n-formylmethionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine",
"pos": [
101,
139
]
} |
collagen mrna was determined by a solution-hybridization assay using procollagen-alpha 1 [ i ] cdna clone hf 677 . | NA | {
"id": "C0009325",
"name": "collagen",
"pos": [
0,
8
]
} | {
"id": "C0033235",
"name": "procollagen",
"pos": [
69,
80
]
} |
fibroblast strains obtained in medium containing plasma-derived serum synthesized approximately half as much collagen as did cells derived from the same explant in the presence of fresh human serum , and tgf-beta stimulated collagen production and mrna in both cell strains . | NA | {
"id": "C0016030",
"name": "fibroblast",
"pos": [
0,
10
]
} | {
"id": "C0007634",
"name": "cells",
"pos": [
125,
130
]
} |
the increase in sat activity , after exposure to ddc or another stress ( heat shock ) , was inhibited in cells depleted of putrescine and spermidine by alpha-difluoromethylornithine ( dfmo ) , the enzyme-activated suicide inhibitor of odc . | NA | {
"id": "C0034170",
"name": "putrescine",
"pos": [
123,
133
]
} | {
"id": "C0037871",
"name": "alpha-difluoromethylornithine",
"pos": [
152,
181
]
} |
bacillus subtilis sdh was found to be resistant to this type of reagent and contains an alanine residue at the amino acid position equivalent to the only invariant cysteine in the flavoprotein subunit of e. coli succinate oxidoreductases . | NA | {
"id": "C0001898",
"name": "alanine",
"pos": [
88,
95
]
} | {
"id": "C0002520",
"name": "amino acid",
"pos": [
111,
121
]
} |
similarly , incubation of partially-purified rat brain protein kinase c in air , or with low concentrations of gssg in the presence of gsh , resulted in a 2-2.5-fold increase in ca2+- and lipid-dependent kinase activity . | NA | {
"id": "C0061516",
"name": "gssg",
"pos": [
111,
115
]
} | {
"id": "C0017817",
"name": "gsh",
"pos": [
135,
138
]
} |
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