text stringlengths 57 1.72k | relation stringclasses 125
values | h dict | t dict |
|---|---|---|---|
the penetration of primidone and its metabolites into the cerebro-spinal fluid was followed : phenobarbital reached steady state levels already after 1 -- 1.5 hr , primidone and pema not before 2.5 hr . | NA | {
"id": "C0031412",
"name": "phenobarbital",
"pos": [
94,
107
]
} | {
"id": "C0033148",
"name": "primidone",
"pos": [
164,
173
]
} |
[ determination of the requirements and efficiency in energy utilization and dietary proteins , during recovery from malnutrition in rats : auto-selection of energy and proteins ] . | NA | {
"id": "C0012177",
"name": "dietary proteins",
"pos": [
77,
93
]
} | {
"id": "C0033684",
"name": "proteins",
"pos": [
169,
177
]
} |
the mean blood pressures and the prevalence of hypertension are increased under some circumstances close to those of everyday life and labile hypertension is very frequent . | NA | {
"id": "C0020538",
"name": "hypertension",
"pos": [
47,
59
]
} | {
"id": "C0262534",
"name": "labile hypertension",
"pos": [
135,
154
]
} |
in the presence of an artificial electron acceptor ( phenazine methosulfate ) , the purified enzyme catalyzes the oxidation of straight chain aldehydes ( c1 -- c10 tested ) , aromatic aldehydes ( benzaldehyde , salicylaldehyde ) , glyoxylate , and glyceraldehyde . | NA | {
"id": "C0001992",
"name": "aldehydes",
"pos": [
142,
151
]
} | {
"id": "C0017854",
"name": "glyceraldehyde",
"pos": [
248,
262
]
} |
purified sv 40 dna and sv 40 minichromosomes , either isolated from sv 40 infected cells ( nami ) or reconstituted from viral dna and the h1 depleted calf thymus histone fraction ( remi ) , were tested for their ability to transform primary chinese hamster lung ( chl ) cells . | NA | {
"id": "C0012854",
"name": "dna",
"pos": [
15,
18
]
} | {
"id": "C0012939",
"name": "viral dna",
"pos": [
120,
129
]
} |
the nhl-hm may arise de novo or they develop more frequenctly in the course of a low-grade malignant lymphoma or in immune-deficiency states . | NA | {
"id": "C0024305",
"name": "nhl-hm",
"pos": [
4,
10
]
} | {
"id": "C0079747",
"name": "low-grade malignant lymphoma",
"pos": [
81,
109
]
} |
the most frequent types of nhl-hm are the lymphoblastic leukemias of childhood , the centroblastoma , and the immunoblastoma . | NA | {
"id": "C0024305",
"name": "types",
"pos": [
18,
23
]
} | {
"id": "C0079746",
"name": "immunoblastoma",
"pos": [
110,
124
]
} |
the seizures occurred as grand mal in 94 % of the alcoholics , in all patients with genuine epilepsy , and in 60 % of the patients with post-traumatic epilepsy . | NA | {
"id": "C0036572",
"name": "seizures",
"pos": [
4,
12
]
} | {
"id": "C0014544",
"name": "epilepsy",
"pos": [
151,
159
]
} |
a double immunofluorescence staining technique to locate concanavalin a ( con a ) surface receptors and cytoplasmic actin in the same cell was applied to monolayer cultures of rat foetal fibroblasts during cell detachment induced by trypsin and during cell attachment to glass substratum . | NA | {
"id": "C0016030",
"name": "fibroblasts",
"pos": [
187,
198
]
} | {
"id": "C0007634",
"name": "cell",
"pos": [
252,
256
]
} |
studies on absorption , distribution , metabolism and excretion of bunitrolol , a beta-adrenergic blocking agent , in rats and mice . | NA | {
"id": "C0025519",
"name": "metabolism",
"pos": [
39,
49
]
} | {
"id": "C0221102",
"name": "excretion",
"pos": [
54,
63
]
} |
after i.v . application of broad spectrum penicillins ( ampicillin , mezlocillin , carbenicillin ) alone or combined with oxacillin ( concomitantly ) in different dosages to normal volunteers , the course of serum levels and recovery from urine were assessed and pharmacokinetic data were calculated for a 1-compartment model , in some cases also for a 2-compartment model . | NA | {
"id": "C0002680",
"name": "ampicillin",
"pos": [
56,
66
]
} | {
"id": "C0025893",
"name": "mezlocillin",
"pos": [
69,
80
]
} |
to evaluate the intensity of the localized pain caused by intramuscular administration of 6- [ ( r ) -2- [ 3-methylsulfonyl-2-oxo-imidazolidine-1-carboxamido ] -2-phenyl-acetamido ] -penicillanic acid sodium salt ( mezlocillin , baypen ) , the pain was compared to that caused by ampicillin in a blind test . | NA | {
"id": "C0025893",
"name": "mezlocillin",
"pos": [
215,
226
]
} | {
"id": "C0002680",
"name": "ampicillin",
"pos": [
280,
290
]
} |
50 patients were given 1 g of mezlocillin and 1 g of ampicillin successively , in both gluteal regions . | NA | {
"id": "C0025893",
"name": "mezlocillin",
"pos": [
30,
41
]
} | {
"id": "C0002680",
"name": "ampicillin",
"pos": [
53,
63
]
} |
in conclusion , i.m . administration of mezlocillin is less painful than that of ampicillin , and the slow injection reduces the pain of mezlocillin administration . | NA | {
"id": "C0002680",
"name": "ampicillin",
"pos": [
81,
91
]
} | {
"id": "C0025893",
"name": "mezlocillin",
"pos": [
137,
148
]
} |
treatment with optocillin ( bay 1-1330 ) , a combination of 6- ( ( r ) -2- [ 3-methylsulfonyl-2-oxo-imidazolidine-1-carboxamido ] -2-phenyl-acetamido ) -penicillanic acid sodium salt ( mezlocillin , baypen ) and 5-methyl-3-phenyl-4-isoxazolyl-penicillin ( oxacillin , stapenor ) , proved effective in 90 % of the children , although 22 patients had been treated with other antibiotics prior to the use of this compound . | NA | {
"id": "C0030820",
"name": "penicillanic acid",
"pos": [
153,
170
]
} | {
"id": "C0030842",
"name": "penicillin",
"pos": [
243,
253
]
} |
treatment with optocillin ( bay 1-1330 ) , a combination of 6- ( ( r ) -2- [ 3-methylsulfonyl-2-oxo-imidazolidine-1-carboxamido ] -2-phenyl-acetamido ) -penicillanic acid sodium salt ( mezlocillin , baypen ) and 5-methyl-3-phenyl-4-isoxazolyl-penicillin ( oxacillin , stapenor ) , proved effective in 90 % of the children , although 22 patients had been treated with other antibiotics prior to the use of this compound . | NA | {
"id": "C0030842",
"name": "penicillin",
"pos": [
243,
253
]
} | {
"id": "C0029983",
"name": "oxacillin",
"pos": [
256,
265
]
} |
these were serine , dl-alanine , beta-alanine , leucine/isoleucine , threonine , aspartic acid , glutamic acid , asparagine , glutamine , cystine , histidine , tyrosine , tryptophan , and proline . | NA | {
"id": "C0061472",
"name": "glutamic acid",
"pos": [
97,
110
]
} | {
"id": "C0017797",
"name": "glutamine",
"pos": [
126,
135
]
} |
the inhibitory effect of brdu is reversed by simultaneous addition of thymidine , but not by that of deoxyuridine . | NA | {
"id": "C0006233",
"name": "brdu",
"pos": [
25,
29
]
} | {
"id": "C0011535",
"name": "deoxyuridine",
"pos": [
101,
113
]
} |
[ radioautographic identification of dopaminergic axons in the rat cns . in vitro marking with tritiated dopamine or noradenaline ] . | NA | {
"id": "C0282151",
"name": "dopaminergic",
"pos": [
37,
49
]
} | {
"id": "C0013030",
"name": "dopamine",
"pos": [
105,
113
]
} |
normal refeeding after a long-term cholesterol-rich diet induces an increase in the low levels of the coenzymes ( moth nad and adenine nucleotides ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0027270",
"name": "nad",
"pos": [
119,
122
]
} | {
"id": "C0001413",
"name": "adenine nucleotides",
"pos": [
127,
146
]
} |
the cardiac structural abnormalities associated with eisenmenger syndrome preclude the use of conscious sedation and predispose a patient to the development of bacterial endocarditis . | NA | {
"id": "C0018798",
"name": "cardiac",
"pos": [
4,
11
]
} | {
"id": "C0013743",
"name": "eisenmenger syndrome",
"pos": [
53,
73
]
} |
aplastic anemia ( aa ) is a rare blood dyscrasia in which the peripheral blood cells are decreased because of bone marrow failure . | NA | {
"id": "C0018939",
"name": "blood dyscrasia",
"pos": [
33,
48
]
} | {
"id": "C0030312",
"name": "bone marrow failure",
"pos": [
110,
129
]
} |
in contrast to nts , stress in hts significantly increased urinary excretion of epinephrine and norepinephrine , whereas exercise failed to increase urinary catecholamine excretion in both groups . | NA | {
"id": "C0014563",
"name": "epinephrine",
"pos": [
80,
91
]
} | {
"id": "C0028351",
"name": "norepinephrine",
"pos": [
96,
110
]
} |
therefore , on the whole , physicians in the united kingdom mainly use streptokinase and some apsac . | NA | {
"id": "C0038418",
"name": "streptokinase",
"pos": [
71,
84
]
} | {
"id": "C0078956",
"name": "apsac",
"pos": [
94,
99
]
} |
rtpa is probably the best agent for second-time use within 6-12 months of the first use of streptokinase or apsac , when antibodies may limit the effectiveness of these agents . | NA | {
"id": "C0038418",
"name": "streptokinase",
"pos": [
91,
104
]
} | {
"id": "C0078956",
"name": "apsac",
"pos": [
108,
113
]
} |
twenty-one male patients aged between 41 and 68 years and suffering from chronic stable angina pectoris and coronary artery disease confirmed by angiography took part in a randomized , double-blind study to examine the acute effect of 10 mg of bisoprolol , 20 mg of nifedipine , and a combination of the two drugs on hemodynamics at rest and during exercise [ heart rate ( hr ) , systolic blood pressure ( sbp ) , rate-pressure product ( rpp ) , cardiac index ( ci ) , total peripheral resistance ( tpr ) , and pulmonary capillary wedge pressure ( pcp ) ] , the behavior of the st segment ( st ) , and exercise tolerance until occurrence of an st-segment depression of 0.1 mv ( w-st01 ) and until onset of anginal pain ( w-ap1 ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0340288",
"name": "chronic",
"pos": [
73,
80
]
} | {
"id": "C0002962",
"name": "anginal pain",
"pos": [
706,
718
]
} |
reporting of aids and human immunodeficiency virus ( hiv ) infection : a worldwide review of legislative and regulatory patterns and issues . | NA | {
"id": "C0001175",
"name": "aids",
"pos": [
13,
17
]
} | {
"id": "C0019693",
"name": "human immunodeficiency virus",
"pos": [
22,
50
]
} |
the focus of attention of titration of dying is the experience of the patient prior to death , with little or no concern given to the condition of the cadaver following death . | NA | {
"id": "C0006629",
"name": "cadaver",
"pos": [
151,
158
]
} | {
"id": "C0011065",
"name": "death",
"pos": [
169,
174
]
} |
titration of death , on the other hand , is primarily concerned with producing , at the close of the process , a cadaver that is usable in some manner ; | NA | {
"id": "C0011065",
"name": "death",
"pos": [
13,
18
]
} | {
"id": "C0006629",
"name": "cadaver",
"pos": [
113,
120
]
} |
when it comes to neocortical conceptions of death , we might even be burying or cremating a 'breathing corpse ' . | NA | {
"id": "C0011065",
"name": "death",
"pos": [
44,
49
]
} | {
"id": "C0006629",
"name": "corpse",
"pos": [
103,
109
]
} |
addition of choline instead of pc to the perfusate of compressed cells resulted in an accumulation of pc in the cytoplasmic compartment from choline kinase activity . | NA | {
"id": "C0008405",
"name": "choline",
"pos": [
12,
19
]
} | {
"id": "C0031716",
"name": "pc",
"pos": [
102,
104
]
} |
these results indicate that pc was rapidly hydrolyzed outside the cell and that choline and pi entered the cytosolic compartment where choline kinase re-forms pc . | NA | {
"id": "C0008405",
"name": "choline",
"pos": [
80,
87
]
} | {
"id": "C0031716",
"name": "pc",
"pos": [
159,
161
]
} |
tritiated photoaffinity analogs of the natural lepidopteran juvenile hormones , jh i and ii [ epoxy [ 3h ] bishomofarnesyl diazoacetate ( [ 3h ] ebda ) and epoxy [ 3h ] homofarnesyl diazoacetate ( [ 3h ] ehda ) ] , and of the jh analog methoprene [ [ 3h ] methoprene diazoketone ( [ 3h ] mdk ) ] were synthesized and used to identify specific jh binding proteins in the larval epidermis of the tobacco hornworm ( manduca sexta ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0022439",
"name": "juvenile hormones",
"pos": [
60,
77
]
} | {
"id": "C0025674",
"name": "methoprene",
"pos": [
256,
266
]
} |
the 29-kda nuclear protein is likely the high-affinity receptor for jh that mediates its genomic action , whereas the 38-kda cytosolic protein may serve as an intracellular carrier for these highly lipophilic hormones and hormone analogs . | NA | {
"id": "C0028589",
"name": "nuclear protein",
"pos": [
11,
26
]
} | {
"id": "C0033684",
"name": "protein",
"pos": [
135,
142
]
} |
in the 16s rrna-encoding dna ( rdna ) a spectinomycin resistance mutation is flanked on the 5 ' side by a streptomycin resistance mutation and on the 3 ' side by a pst i site generated by ligating an oligonucleotide in the intergenic region . | NA | {
"id": "C0012854",
"name": "dna",
"pos": [
25,
28
]
} | {
"id": "C0012933",
"name": "rdna",
"pos": [
31,
35
]
} |
these results establish that the transgenic plants express functional al1 protein and show that this viral protein is not only required , but sufficient , for single- and double-stranded replication of tgmv dna in the presence of host proteins . | NA | {
"id": "C0042736",
"name": "viral protein",
"pos": [
101,
114
]
} | {
"id": "C0033684",
"name": "proteins",
"pos": [
235,
243
]
} |
the steady-state kinetic parameters for the glox oxidation of methylglyoxal , glyceraldehyde , dihydroxyacetone , glycolaldehyde , acetaldehyde , glyoxal , glyoxylic acid , and formaldehyde , were determined by using a lignin peroxidase coupled-assay at ph 4.5 . | NA | {
"id": "C0034338",
"name": "methylglyoxal",
"pos": [
62,
75
]
} | {
"id": "C0017992",
"name": "glyoxal",
"pos": [
146,
153
]
} |
`` `` this paper explores the application of a life table approach to the analysis of poverty [ in the united states ] . after reviewing trends in gender differentials in poverty and mortality , we investigate an indicator of poverty-mortality well-being . the rationale for this approach is that to some extent poverty and mortality are causally interrelated phenomena which are both fundamental to well-being . the empirical results indicate that females are expected to live more years in poverty than are males , but females are expected to live more years in nonpoverty as well . although the gender differential in poverty rates has increased to the disadvantage of females , and although most of the greater poverty of females can not be attributed to their greater longevity , the gender differential in poverty-mortality well-being has nonetheless not deteriorated to the disadvantage of women in recent decades . '' '' | NA | {
"id": "C0086582",
"name": "male",
"pos": [
451,
455
]
} | {
"id": "C0079399",
"name": "gende",
"pos": [
147,
152
]
} |
`` `` the cases consisted of a sample of infant deaths which were registered at the registry office and which occurred in the metropolitan region of porto alegre ( brazil ) in 1980 , and the control group was a sample of births occurring in the same region in 1980 , and also notified to the registry office . with information obtained from a special household survey , a total of 688 cases and 762 controls [ were ] analyzed ... for maternal education and its association with family income , birth order and environmental factors . specific relative risks ( associated with maternal education ) have also been calculated separately for 3 groups of cause-of-death and for 3 age-at-death groups . '' '' | NA | {
"id": "C0549159",
"name": "o",
"pos": [
17,
18
]
} | {
"id": "C0011065",
"name": "-deat",
"pos": [
681,
686
]
} |
the ways of extraction of hydrocortisone esters ( acetate and butyrate ) , chlorquinaldol , oxytetracycline base and oxytetracycline hydrochloride from the ointments as well as purification of the extracts prior to the hplc analysis were described . | NA | {
"id": "C0030092",
"name": "oxytetracycline",
"pos": [
92,
107
]
} | {
"id": "C0017449",
"name": "oxytetracycline hydrochloride",
"pos": [
117,
146
]
} |
the electrogeneration of chloride is carried out in the supporting electrolyte consisting of 0.5 mole x dm ( -3 ) sulphuric acid and 0.2 mole x dm ( -3 ) sodium chloride . | NA | {
"id": "C0008203",
"name": "chloride",
"pos": [
25,
33
]
} | {
"id": "C0037494",
"name": "sodium chloride",
"pos": [
154,
169
]
} |
the colorimetric method for determination of triamcinolone , triamcinolone acetonide and fluocinonide in tablets , ointments and cream using isonicotinic acid hydrazide is proposed . | NA | {
"id": "C0040864",
"name": "triamcinolone",
"pos": [
45,
58
]
} | {
"id": "C0040866",
"name": "triamcinolone",
"pos": [
61,
74
]
} |
the discovery of pentose-fermenting yeasts in the early 1980 's led to world wide interest because of the perceived potential for improved d-xylose fermentation to enhance the prospect of biomass conversions . | NA | {
"id": "C0030894",
"name": "pentose",
"pos": [
17,
24
]
} | {
"id": "C0043375",
"name": "xylose",
"pos": [
141,
147
]
} |
however , the utilization of d-xylose by pentose-fermenting yeasts can be adversely affected by the hexoses , mainly d-glucose and d-mannose , which are usually present in high amounts in lignocellulosic hydrolysates . | NA | {
"id": "C0043375",
"name": "xylose",
"pos": [
31,
37
]
} | {
"id": "C0030894",
"name": "pentose",
"pos": [
41,
48
]
} |
however , the utilization of d-xylose by pentose-fermenting yeasts can be adversely affected by the hexoses , mainly d-glucose and d-mannose , which are usually present in high amounts in lignocellulosic hydrolysates . | NA | {
"id": "C0019494",
"name": "hexoses",
"pos": [
100,
107
]
} | {
"id": "C0024742",
"name": "mannose",
"pos": [
133,
140
]
} |
this review summarizes the current state of knowledge on the induction , repression and inactivation of d-xylose utilization in pentose-fermenting yeasts . | NA | {
"id": "C0043375",
"name": "xylose",
"pos": [
106,
112
]
} | {
"id": "C0030894",
"name": "pentose",
"pos": [
128,
135
]
} |
as part of a psychoeducational battery , 36 children , referred for reading and/or other learning difficulties , were administered the aphasia screening test . the tactile finger recognition test , and the finger-tip number writing perception test from the halstead-reitan neuropsychological test battery for older children . | NA | {
"id": "C0008059",
"name": "children",
"pos": [
44,
52
]
} | {
"id": "C1455726",
"name": "older",
"pos": [
309,
314
]
} |
in comparison to plants kept in charcoal-filtered air , pines exposed to ozone exhibited reductions in photosynthesis ( 16 % ) , speed of phloem transport ( 11 % ) , phloem photosynthate concentration ( 40 % ) and total carbon transport toward roots ( 45 % ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0007955",
"name": "charcoal",
"pos": [
32,
40
]
} | {
"id": "C0007009",
"name": "carbon",
"pos": [
220,
226
]
} |
plants were fumigated with ozone , generated from pure oxygen ( control : annual mean of 50 microg m ( -3 ) ; | NA | {
"id": "C0030106",
"name": "ozone",
"pos": [
27,
32
]
} | {
"id": "C0030054",
"name": "oxygen",
"pos": [
55,
61
]
} |
the effect of feso ( 4 ) .7h ( 2 ) o concentration on bacterial activity to solubilize heavy metals was also studied , increased concentration of feso ( 4 ) .7h ( 2 ) o yielded better copper solubilization while it had no effect or a negative effect on zinc . | NA | {
"id": "C0347988",
"name": "heavy metals",
"pos": [
87,
99
]
} | {
"id": "C0009968",
"name": "copper",
"pos": [
184,
190
]
} |
the effect of feso ( 4 ) .7h ( 2 ) o concentration on bacterial activity to solubilize heavy metals was also studied , increased concentration of feso ( 4 ) .7h ( 2 ) o yielded better copper solubilization while it had no effect or a negative effect on zinc . | NA | {
"id": "C0347988",
"name": "heavy metals",
"pos": [
87,
99
]
} | {
"id": "C0043481",
"name": "zinc",
"pos": [
253,
257
]
} |
half-lives ( t1/2 ) of two soil incorporated s-triazines ( atrazine and prometon ) and two thiocarbamate ( eptc and triallate ) herbicides were determined in relation to soil moisture content in two california soils . | NA | {
"id": "C0040877",
"name": "triazines",
"pos": [
47,
56
]
} | {
"id": "C0004237",
"name": "atrazine",
"pos": [
59,
67
]
} |
soil moisture had a greater effect on carbamates than on s-triazines . prometon exhibited the longest half-life in both soils , whereas eptc was least persistent in one soil and atrazine in another . | NA | {
"id": "C0040877",
"name": "triazines",
"pos": [
59,
68
]
} | {
"id": "C0004237",
"name": "atrazine",
"pos": [
178,
186
]
} |
residue levels of the chlorinated hydrocarbons polychlorinated biphenyls ( pcbs ) , total ddt , alpha- , beta- and gamma-hexachlorocyclohexane ( hch ) , hexachlorobenzene ( hcb ) , and oxychlordane in blubber , and the elements mercury , cadmium , copper , selenium , arsenic , and zinc in liver , of 82 harbour seals , phoca vitulina , were determined . | NA | {
"id": "C0020247",
"name": "chlorinated hydrocarbons",
"pos": [
22,
46
]
} | {
"id": "C0005038",
"name": "gamma-hexachlorocyclohexane",
"pos": [
115,
142
]
} |
a significant elevation in transaminases , aspartate aminotransferase ( aat ) and alanine aminotransferase ( alat ) , and glutamate dehydrogenase ( gdh ) activities was reflected in the free amino acid levels of the tissues . | NA | {
"id": "C0002594",
"name": "transaminases",
"pos": [
27,
40
]
} | {
"id": "C0004002",
"name": "aspartate aminotransferase",
"pos": [
43,
69
]
} |
a significant elevation in transaminases , aspartate aminotransferase ( aat ) and alanine aminotransferase ( alat ) , and glutamate dehydrogenase ( gdh ) activities was reflected in the free amino acid levels of the tissues . | NA | {
"id": "C0002594",
"name": "transaminases",
"pos": [
27,
40
]
} | {
"id": "C0001899",
"name": "alanine",
"pos": [
82,
89
]
} |
gas exchange was characterized in one- and two year-old spruce ( picea abies l . karst . ) and fir seedlings ( abies alba mill . ) which had been exposed to low levels of ozone , sulfur dioxide and simulated rain or a combination of all three variables in open top chambers from 1983 through 1988 . | NA | {
"id": "C0017110",
"name": "gas",
"pos": [
0,
3
]
} | {
"id": "C0038777",
"name": "sulfur dioxide",
"pos": [
179,
193
]
} |
to evaluate carbohydrate metabolism , levels of starch , sugars ( sucrose , fructose , glucose ) , sugar phosphates ( dihydroxyacetone phosphate , glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate ( triose phosphates , tp ) , fructose 6-phosphate , fructose 2,6-bisphosphate : f2,6bp ) and 3-phosphoglyceric acid ( pga ) were measured . | NA | {
"id": "C0242209",
"name": "sugars",
"pos": [
57,
63
]
} | {
"id": "C0038636",
"name": "sucrose",
"pos": [
66,
73
]
} |
to evaluate carbohydrate metabolism , levels of starch , sugars ( sucrose , fructose , glucose ) , sugar phosphates ( dihydroxyacetone phosphate , glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate ( triose phosphates , tp ) , fructose 6-phosphate , fructose 2,6-bisphosphate : f2,6bp ) and 3-phosphoglyceric acid ( pga ) were measured . | NA | {
"id": "C0038655",
"name": "sugar phosphates",
"pos": [
99,
115
]
} | {
"id": "C0012324",
"name": "dihydroxyacetone phosphate",
"pos": [
118,
144
]
} |
from july 1986 through june 1988 , 135 consecutive patients with myocardial infarction , including 23 in cardiogenic shock , were treated with percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty in a community-hospital setting . | NA | {
"id": "C0027051",
"name": "myocardial",
"pos": [
65,
75
]
} | {
"id": "C0036980",
"name": "cardiogenic shock",
"pos": [
105,
122
]
} |
to the best of our knowledge , these aneurysms constitute a heretofore undescribed variant of the classic true left ventricular aneurysm , exhibiting certain gross characteristics of the false left ventricular aneurysm and sharing with false aneurysms their greater risk of rupture . | NA | {
"id": "C0002940",
"name": "aneurysm",
"pos": [
37,
45
]
} | {
"id": "C1510412",
"name": "false aneurysms",
"pos": [
236,
251
]
} |
the intravenous administration of laudanosine 10 micro g.kg ( -1 ) to dogs produced minimal epinephrine , norepinephrine releases and cardiovascular changes . | NA | {
"id": "C0014563",
"name": "epinephrine",
"pos": [
92,
103
]
} | {
"id": "C0028351",
"name": "norepinephrine",
"pos": [
106,
120
]
} |
loss of skin elasticity with age can be due to loss of cells ( fibroblasts ) , to a decrease of their biosynthetic activity and to qualitative modifications of extracellular matrix macromolecules . | NA | {
"id": "C0007634",
"name": "cells",
"pos": [
55,
60
]
} | {
"id": "C0016030",
"name": "fibroblasts",
"pos": [
63,
74
]
} |
in this paper we show that the synthetic sympathomimetic catecholamine , isoproterenol , oxidizes when added to bacteriological media and that this oxidation process causes bacterial growth inhibition . | NA | {
"id": "C0007412",
"name": "catecholamine",
"pos": [
57,
70
]
} | {
"id": "C0022245",
"name": "isoproterenol",
"pos": [
73,
86
]
} |
in this study the authors evaluated , after metoclopramide ( mtc ) stimulation , the concentration curve of vasopressin ( avp ) , prolactin ( prl ) and growth hormone ( hgh ) in the plasma of 34 subjects ( 20 males and 14 females , mean age 70.5+/-6.9 years ; 17 were ad patients , the others constituted the control group ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0037663",
"name": "growth hormone",
"pos": [
152,
166
]
} | {
"id": "C3714500",
"name": "hgh",
"pos": [
169,
172
]
} |
the average lateral diffusion constant of proteins ( d ) in the cell membrane of hepatocytes has been measured in liver smears by fluorescence recovery after photobleaching ( frap ) based on the so-called peroxide-induced autofluorescence ( piaf ) deriving from the oxidation of riboflavin bound to membrane proteins . | NA | {
"id": "C0033684",
"name": "proteins",
"pos": [
42,
50
]
} | {
"id": "C0025252",
"name": "membrane proteins",
"pos": [
299,
316
]
} |
( 2 ) the osmotic potential of brain tissue was determined by measuring swelling or shrinkage velocities in ringer solution , the osmotic concentration of which was rendered hypo- or hyperosmotic by dilution or addition of polythylene glycol ( peg 6000 ) , respectively . | NA | {
"id": "C0032483",
"name": "polythylene glycol",
"pos": [
223,
241
]
} | {
"id": "C0030775",
"name": "peg 6000",
"pos": [
244,
252
]
} |
the discovery of thiabendazole in 1961 further spurred chemists around the world to design and synthesize several thousand benzimidazoles for screening for anthelmintic activity but less than twenty of them have reached commercial use . | NA | {
"id": "C0039832",
"name": "thiabendazole",
"pos": [
17,
30
]
} | {
"id": "C0005050",
"name": "benzimidazoles",
"pos": [
123,
137
]
} |
work in vitro has shown that two major enzyme systems , the cytochrome p-450 family and the microsomal flavin monooxygenases are primarily responsible for these biotransformations . | NA | {
"id": "C0010762",
"name": "cytochrome p-450",
"pos": [
60,
76
]
} | {
"id": "C0003927",
"name": "microsomal",
"pos": [
92,
102
]
} |
whereas praziquantel has revolutionized the management of many cestode and trematode infections , gordon cook explains how the introduction of the benzimidazoles - most importantly thiabendazole , mebendazole and recently albendazole ( flubendazole , cambendazole , ciclobendazole , and triclabendazole have also been used on a very limited scale ) - has had a major impact upon the safe and effective management of several important intestinal and systemic nematode and , to a leser extent , cestode infections . | NA | {
"id": "C0005050",
"name": "benzimidazoles",
"pos": [
147,
161
]
} | {
"id": "C0039832",
"name": "thiabendazole",
"pos": [
181,
194
]
} |
whereas praziquantel has revolutionized the management of many cestode and trematode infections , gordon cook explains how the introduction of the benzimidazoles - most importantly thiabendazole , mebendazole and recently albendazole ( flubendazole , cambendazole , ciclobendazole , and triclabendazole have also been used on a very limited scale ) - has had a major impact upon the safe and effective management of several important intestinal and systemic nematode and , to a leser extent , cestode infections . | NA | {
"id": "C0005050",
"name": "benzimidazoles",
"pos": [
147,
161
]
} | {
"id": "C0025023",
"name": "mebendazole",
"pos": [
197,
208
]
} |
whereas praziquantel has revolutionized the management of many cestode and trematode infections , gordon cook explains how the introduction of the benzimidazoles - most importantly thiabendazole , mebendazole and recently albendazole ( flubendazole , cambendazole , ciclobendazole , and triclabendazole have also been used on a very limited scale ) - has had a major impact upon the safe and effective management of several important intestinal and systemic nematode and , to a leser extent , cestode infections . | NA | {
"id": "C0005050",
"name": "benzimidazoles",
"pos": [
147,
161
]
} | {
"id": "C0001911",
"name": "albendazole",
"pos": [
222,
233
]
} |
whereas praziquantel has revolutionized the management of many cestode and trematode infections , gordon cook explains how the introduction of the benzimidazoles - most importantly thiabendazole , mebendazole and recently albendazole ( flubendazole , cambendazole , ciclobendazole , and triclabendazole have also been used on a very limited scale ) - has had a major impact upon the safe and effective management of several important intestinal and systemic nematode and , to a leser extent , cestode infections . | NA | {
"id": "C0005050",
"name": "benzimidazoles",
"pos": [
147,
161
]
} | {
"id": "C0006796",
"name": "cambendazole",
"pos": [
251,
263
]
} |
these antibodies are also present in certain autoimmune diseases , such as systemic lupus erythematosus , and much information is available about their properties and contribution to related disease processes here , anne wozencraft and norman staines consider how dna-binding antibodies might arise during parasitic infection and discuss how an increased knowledge of their properties and functions could lead to a greater understanding of mechanisms of immuno-pathology in these diseases . | NA | {
"id": "C0004364",
"name": "autoimmune diseases",
"pos": [
45,
64
]
} | {
"id": "C0024141",
"name": "systemic lupus",
"pos": [
75,
89
]
} |
these studies have revealed that one class of proteinases , the cysteine proteinases , predominates in many parasitic protozoa . | NA | {
"id": "C0030940",
"name": "proteinases",
"pos": [
46,
57
]
} | {
"id": "C2717970",
"name": "cysteine proteinases",
"pos": [
64,
84
]
} |
infiltrating cancers were identified in 80 % of animals exposed to diethylstilbestrol , 17 beta-estradiol , and hexestrol for periods of 5.3-6.4 months ; | NA | {
"id": "C0012203",
"name": "diethylstilbestrol",
"pos": [
67,
85
]
} | {
"id": "C0019467",
"name": "hexestrol",
"pos": [
112,
121
]
} |
these monoclonal antibodies , in combination with other known antibodies , can be used to characterize mesenchymal cell surface antigenic structure and differentiation . | NA | {
"id": "C0003250",
"name": "monoclonal antibodies",
"pos": [
6,
27
]
} | {
"id": "C0003241",
"name": "antibodies",
"pos": [
62,
72
]
} |
indium-111-labeled aua1 tumor-associated monoclonal antibody raised against an antigen of colon adenocarcinoma was used to evaluate the effect of ionizing radiation on antibody uptake by the lovo adenocarcinoma cell line grown as a xenograft in nude mice . | NA | {
"id": "C0003250",
"name": "monoclonal antibody",
"pos": [
41,
60
]
} | {
"id": "C0003241",
"name": "antibody",
"pos": [
168,
176
]
} |
anti-gd3 monoclonal antibody analysis of childhood t-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia : detection of a target antigen for antibody-mediated cytolysis . | NA | {
"id": "C0003250",
"name": "monoclonal antibody",
"pos": [
9,
28
]
} | {
"id": "C0003241",
"name": "antibody",
"pos": [
123,
131
]
} |
the insulin-like growth factors igf-i and igf-ii are potent mitogens for several breast tumor cell lines in culture . | NA | {
"id": "C0021665",
"name": "insulin-like growth factors",
"pos": [
4,
31
]
} | {
"id": "C0037657",
"name": "igf",
"pos": [
42,
45
]
} |
the insulin-like growth factors igf-i and igf-ii are potent mitogens for several breast tumor cell lines in culture . | NA | {
"id": "C0037657",
"name": "igf",
"pos": [
32,
35
]
} | {
"id": "C0021666",
"name": "igf-ii",
"pos": [
42,
48
]
} |
although receptors for insulin , igf-i , and igf-ii have been described , there is significant cross-reactivity between the various receptors and ligands in the insulin/insulin-like growth factor family , and it is not clear which receptor or receptors are responsible for the biological effects of these growth factors in this system . | NA | {
"id": "C0021665",
"name": "igf-i",
"pos": [
33,
38
]
} | {
"id": "C0037657",
"name": "insulin",
"pos": [
169,
176
]
} |
although receptors for insulin , igf-i , and igf-ii have been described , there is significant cross-reactivity between the various receptors and ligands in the insulin/insulin-like growth factor family , and it is not clear which receptor or receptors are responsible for the biological effects of these growth factors in this system . | NA | {
"id": "C0021666",
"name": "igf-ii",
"pos": [
45,
51
]
} | {
"id": "C0037657",
"name": "insulin",
"pos": [
169,
176
]
} |
no significant differences were detectable either in the extent of dna platination as analyzed by atomic absorption spectroscopy or in the induction of cis-ddp dna adducts as evaluated by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay employing antiserum that detects intrastrand cross-links formed by cis-ddp . | NA | {
"id": "C0012854",
"name": "dna",
"pos": [
67,
70
]
} | {
"id": "C0242958",
"name": "dna adducts",
"pos": [
160,
171
]
} |
further , no differences in the kinetics of excision of dna interstrand cross-links , cis-ddp dna adducts , or total platinum in dna were present . | NA | {
"id": "C0242958",
"name": "dna adducts",
"pos": [
94,
105
]
} | {
"id": "C0012854",
"name": "dna",
"pos": [
129,
132
]
} |
incidence , defined as time of onset of symptoms of inflammatory bowel disease , rose from baseline rates in the 1930s to peak in 1980 ( crohn 's disease = 50.29/10 ( 5 ) per decade , ulcerative colitis = 35.12/10 ( 5 ) per decade ) and declined through 1986 . | NA | {
"id": "C0021390",
"name": "inflammatory bowel disease",
"pos": [
52,
78
]
} | {
"id": "C0010346",
"name": "crohn 's disease",
"pos": [
137,
153
]
} |
in contrast , adrenal homogenates , which n-methylate norepinephrine to form epinephrine using the enzyme phenylethanolamine-n-methyltransferase ( pnmt ) , methylated dopamine only about 1 % as well as norepinephrine . | NA | {
"id": "C0014563",
"name": "epinephrine",
"pos": [
57,
68
]
} | {
"id": "C0028351",
"name": "norepinephrine",
"pos": [
202,
216
]
} |
to localize the cellular sources of the collagens excessively deposited in the liver in the course of secondary biliary fibrosis , we have analyzed by in situ hybridization the distribution of alpha 2 ( i ) , alpha 1 ( iii ) , and alpha 1 ( iv ) procollagen and albumin rna transcripts in rat livers up to 6 wk following common bile duct ligation and scission . | NA | {
"id": "C0009325",
"name": "collagens",
"pos": [
40,
49
]
} | {
"id": "C0033235",
"name": "procollagen",
"pos": [
246,
257
]
} |
following bile duct obstruction , increasing amounts of alpha 2 ( i ) , alpha 1 ( iii ) , and alpha 1 ( iv ) procollagen gene transcripts were observed in cells of the expanding portal tracts and in perisinusoidal cells in areas of excessive collagen deposition . | NA | {
"id": "C0033235",
"name": "procollagen",
"pos": [
109,
120
]
} | {
"id": "C0009325",
"name": "collagen",
"pos": [
242,
250
]
} |
procollagen gene expressing perisinusoidal cells were colocalized with desmin-immunoreactive cells , suggesting that ito cells and transitional cells were among the collagen-expressing cell types . | NA | {
"id": "C0033235",
"name": "procollagen",
"pos": [
0,
11
]
} | {
"id": "C0009325",
"name": "collagen",
"pos": [
165,
173
]
} |
therefore , this study was performed to characterize muscarinic receptors on rat gastric parietal cells using the 3 subtype-selective antagonists hexahydrosiladifenidol and silahexocyclium , which have high affinity for glandular m3 subtypes , and af-dx 116 , which has high affinity to cardiac m2 receptors . | NA | {
"id": "C0034826",
"name": "muscarinic receptors",
"pos": [
53,
73
]
} | {
"id": "C0384752",
"name": "m2 receptors",
"pos": [
295,
307
]
} |
purified rat brain ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase ii ( cam-kinase ii ) is stimulated by brain gangliosides to a level of about 30 % the activity obtained in the presence of ca2+/calmodulin ( cam ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0248868",
"name": "calmodulin-dependent protein kinase ii",
"pos": [
24,
62
]
} | {
"id": "C0006776",
"name": "cam-kinase",
"pos": [
65,
75
]
} |
the synaptosomal incorporation and sequestration of [ 3h ] mda , [ 3h ] methylenedioxymethamphetamine , and [ 3h ] amphetamine described in the present report may be important in the molecular mechanism of action of monoamine release induced by the amphetamines . | NA | {
"id": "C0000379",
"name": "mda",
"pos": [
59,
62
]
} | {
"id": "C0002667",
"name": "amphetamines",
"pos": [
249,
261
]
} |
the synaptosomal incorporation and sequestration of [ 3h ] mda , [ 3h ] methylenedioxymethamphetamine , and [ 3h ] amphetamine described in the present report may be important in the molecular mechanism of action of monoamine release induced by the amphetamines . | NA | {
"id": "C0115471",
"name": "methylenedioxymethamphetamine",
"pos": [
72,
101
]
} | {
"id": "C0002667",
"name": "amphetamines",
"pos": [
249,
261
]
} |
the synaptosomal incorporation and sequestration of [ 3h ] mda , [ 3h ] methylenedioxymethamphetamine , and [ 3h ] amphetamine described in the present report may be important in the molecular mechanism of action of monoamine release induced by the amphetamines . | NA | {
"id": "C0002658",
"name": "amphetamine",
"pos": [
90,
101
]
} | {
"id": "C0002667",
"name": "amphetamines",
"pos": [
249,
261
]
} |
many similarities of both the inheritance pattern and the neuropathology can be observed between olivopontocerebellar atrophies , or so-called multiple system atrophies ( msas ) , and murine cerebellar mutations like purkinje cell degeneration , nervous , staggerer , weaver , and reeler . | NA | {
"id": "C0028968",
"name": "olivopontocerebellar atrophies",
"pos": [
97,
127
]
} | {
"id": "C0393571",
"name": "multiple system",
"pos": [
143,
158
]
} |
rats injected intravenously with monoclonal antibodies reactive with brain acetylcholinesterase ( ache ) developed a prolonged depression of plasma ache without changes in butyrylcholinesterase , lactic acid dehydrogenase , or hematocrit . | NA | {
"id": "C0001044",
"name": "ache",
"pos": [
98,
102
]
} | {
"id": "C0008429",
"name": "butyrylcholinesterase",
"pos": [
172,
193
]
} |
by contrast , gtp gamma s and 5'-guanylylimidodiphosphate ( gppnhp ) are nonhydrolyzable analogues of gtp which lengthen the time course of guanine nucleotide activation of guanine nucleotide binding proteins ( g proteins ) and thereby alter g protein-receptor interactions . | NA | {
"id": "C0079469",
"name": "gtp gamma s",
"pos": [
14,
25
]
} | {
"id": "C0018353",
"name": "gtp",
"pos": [
102,
105
]
} |
by contrast , gtp gamma s and 5'-guanylylimidodiphosphate ( gppnhp ) are nonhydrolyzable analogues of gtp which lengthen the time course of guanine nucleotide activation of guanine nucleotide binding proteins ( g proteins ) and thereby alter g protein-receptor interactions . | NA | {
"id": "C0018366",
"name": "guanylylimidodiphosphate",
"pos": [
33,
57
]
} | {
"id": "C0018353",
"name": "gtp",
"pos": [
102,
105
]
} |
by contrast , gtp gamma s and 5'-guanylylimidodiphosphate ( gppnhp ) are nonhydrolyzable analogues of gtp which lengthen the time course of guanine nucleotide activation of guanine nucleotide binding proteins ( g proteins ) and thereby alter g protein-receptor interactions . | NA | {
"id": "C0018353",
"name": "gtp",
"pos": [
14,
17
]
} | {
"id": "C0018328",
"name": "guanine",
"pos": [
173,
180
]
} |
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