text stringlengths 57 1.72k | relation stringclasses 125
values | h dict | t dict |
|---|---|---|---|
gaba , baclofen , adenosine , atp , serotonin , norepinephrine , somatostatin , and dynorphin a inhibited the current through ca2+ channels in a substantial fraction of cells , while substance p , vasoactive intestinal polypeptide , [ d-ala2 , d-leu5 ] -enkephalin , cholecystokinin-8 ( sulfated ) , calcitonin gene-related peptide , angiotensin ii , neurotensin , vasopressin , and thyrotropin-releasing hormone had no effect . | NA | {
"id": "C0016904",
"name": "gaba",
"pos": [
0,
4
]
} | {
"id": "C0004609",
"name": "baclofen",
"pos": [
7,
15
]
} |
together these results suggest that a subset of drg neurons in the chick can be identified by the presence of a cell surface glycoconjugate , perhaps a glycolipid , containing terminal alpha-linked galnac residues . | NA | {
"id": "C0017906",
"name": "glycoconjugate",
"pos": [
125,
139
]
} | {
"id": "C0017950",
"name": "glycolipid",
"pos": [
152,
162
]
} |
to examine whether the live varicella vaccine virus is attenuated , we analyzed varicella vaccine-induced contact cases of clinical chickenpox in healthy siblings of immunized children with leukemia . | NA | {
"id": "C1720918",
"name": "live varicella vaccine",
"pos": [
23,
45
]
} | {
"id": "C0078048",
"name": "vaccine",
"pos": [
90,
97
]
} |
all skin-dwelling leishmania parasites , viz. , leishmania donovani of pkdl and leishmania tropica of cl showed unique selectivity toward peanut agglutinin ( pna ) , soybean agglutinin , and wheatgerm agglutinin ( wga ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0037280",
"name": "skin",
"pos": [
4,
8
]
} | {
"id": "C0023281",
"name": "pkdl",
"pos": [
71,
75
]
} |
we asked if prolonged venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation ( ecmo ) causes alterations in cardiopulmonary hemodynamics that might be reflected in arbiters of vascular tone : thromboxane , prostacylin , norepinephrine , and epinephrine . | NA | {
"id": "C0028351",
"name": "norepinephrine",
"pos": [
214,
228
]
} | {
"id": "C0014563",
"name": "epinephrine",
"pos": [
235,
246
]
} |
with the availability of human growth hormone ( gh ) produced by recombinant dna technology , this study was undertaken to evaluate the effect of exogenous gh on wound tensile strength in a rat model . | NA | {
"id": "C0169964",
"name": "human growth hormone",
"pos": [
25,
45
]
} | {
"id": "C0037663",
"name": "gh",
"pos": [
156,
158
]
} |
intraocular lens implantation in young children can yield satisfactory results when the surgical techniques are modified and adapted to the child 's eye . | NA | {
"id": "C0728836",
"name": "young children",
"pos": [
33,
47
]
} | {
"id": "C0008059",
"name": "child 's",
"pos": [
140,
148
]
} |
in three cases , the anterior chamber depths were shallower and the apparent refractive errors were more myopic than normal after surgery . | NA | {
"id": "C0034951",
"name": "refractive errors",
"pos": [
77,
94
]
} | {
"id": "C0027092",
"name": "myopic",
"pos": [
105,
111
]
} |
the effects of substance p and related tachykinins on short-circuit current were determined in submucosa-mucosa sheets of guinea pig distal colon . | NA | {
"id": "C0038585",
"name": "substance p",
"pos": [
15,
26
]
} | {
"id": "C0039241",
"name": "tachykinins",
"pos": [
39,
50
]
} |
indomethacin ( 0.28 microm ) sq 29548 ( 1 microm , thromboxane a2 receptor antagonist ) , saralasin ( 1 microm , angiotensin ii receptor antagonist ) or the free radical scavengers , superoxide dismutase ( 60 u/ml ) and catalase ( 40 u/ml ) did not inhibit the initial vasoconstriction , suggesting it was not mediated through endothelially generated thromboxane a2 , angiotensin ii or oxygen-derived free radicals . | NA | {
"id": "C0036193",
"name": "saralasin",
"pos": [
90,
99
]
} | {
"id": "C0003009",
"name": "angiotensin ii",
"pos": [
368,
382
]
} |
dhp antagonists competed for the ( + ) - [ 3h ] pn 200-110 binding in order : pn 200-110 greater than mepirodipine greater than nisoldipine greater than nicardipine greater than nitrendipine greater than nimodipine greater than nifedipine greater than ( - ) -pn 200-110 . | NA | {
"id": "C0012315",
"name": "dhp",
"pos": [
0,
3
]
} | {
"id": "C0028127",
"name": "nitrendipine",
"pos": [
178,
190
]
} |
dhp antagonists competed for the ( + ) - [ 3h ] pn 200-110 binding in order : pn 200-110 greater than mepirodipine greater than nisoldipine greater than nicardipine greater than nitrendipine greater than nimodipine greater than nifedipine greater than ( - ) -pn 200-110 . | NA | {
"id": "C0012315",
"name": "dhp",
"pos": [
0,
3
]
} | {
"id": "C0028094",
"name": "nimodipine",
"pos": [
204,
214
]
} |
dhp antagonists competed for the ( + ) - [ 3h ] pn 200-110 binding in order : pn 200-110 greater than mepirodipine greater than nisoldipine greater than nicardipine greater than nitrendipine greater than nimodipine greater than nifedipine greater than ( - ) -pn 200-110 . | NA | {
"id": "C0012315",
"name": "dhp",
"pos": [
0,
3
]
} | {
"id": "C0028066",
"name": "nifedipine",
"pos": [
228,
238
]
} |
in vivo inhibition of the p-450 pathway not only increased the biological half-life of exogenously administered ra , but also enhanced the endogenous plasma level of this vitamin a derivative . | NA | {
"id": "C0040845",
"name": "ra",
"pos": [
112,
114
]
} | {
"id": "C0042839",
"name": "vitamin a",
"pos": [
171,
180
]
} |
unrubbed ( with endothelium preserved ) rings precontracted by prostaglandin f2 alpha in the presence of ketanserin relaxed in an endothelium-dependent manner to 5-ht , 5-carboxamidotryptamine and 5-methoxytryptamine with about equal potency and efficacy . | NA | {
"id": "C0036751",
"name": "5-ht",
"pos": [
162,
166
]
} | {
"id": "C0000589",
"name": "5-methoxytryptamine",
"pos": [
197,
216
]
} |
mtx ( g5 ) -poly-l-lys-52000 was approximately 1000 times more effective than mtx ( g5 ) -poly-d-lys-52000 in inhibiting the growth of h35r hepatoma cells in culture , indicating that internal cleavage of the gamma-glutamate chain of the conjugate with subsequent release of mtx or shorter chain polyglutamates of mtx is unlikely to be an important determinant of mtx-polyglutamate polylysine cytotoxicity . | NA | {
"id": "C0024337",
"name": "lys",
"pos": [
19,
22
]
} | {
"id": "C0032518",
"name": "polylysine",
"pos": [
382,
392
]
} |
synthesis , brain uptake , and pharmacological properties of a glyceryl lipid containing gaba and the gaba-t inhibitor gamma-vinyl-gaba . | NA | {
"id": "C0016904",
"name": "gaba",
"pos": [
89,
93
]
} | {
"id": "C0048044",
"name": "gaba",
"pos": [
131,
135
]
} |
a modified behavioral test for determining the median tarsal acceptance thresholds of field-collected , female tabanus nigrovittatus macquart to sugars showed that flies were sensitive to the three major nectar sugars ( fructose , sucrose , and glucose , in that order of decreasing sensitivity ) whereas galactose , a nonnectar sugar , was not comparably stimulating . | NA | {
"id": "C0242209",
"name": "sugars",
"pos": [
145,
151
]
} | {
"id": "C0038636",
"name": "sucrose",
"pos": [
231,
238
]
} |
the distribution of ribosomal rna and poly- ( a ) + rna mrna in mouse bone marrow and the human leukaemia cell line hl60 cells was investigated . | NA | {
"id": "C0035701",
"name": "ribosomal",
"pos": [
20,
29
]
} | {
"id": "C0035668",
"name": "rna",
"pos": [
57,
60
]
} |
we report here that nucleolar and cytoplasmic rna in mammalian cells is recognized specifically by both experimentally induced monoclonal igg unique for left-handed z-rna and by autoimmune mouse monoclonal igg specific for ribosomal rna . | NA | {
"id": "C0035668",
"name": "rna",
"pos": [
46,
49
]
} | {
"id": "C0035701",
"name": "ribosomal",
"pos": [
223,
232
]
} |
when the enzyme is first bound with carbamoyl phosphate , steady-state kinetic assays reveal that zinc again binds co-operatively to the binary enzyme complex , with a hill coefficient of 1.5 , but the metal ion now behaves simply as a classical , reversible inhibitor ; | NA | {
"id": "C0014442",
"name": "enzyme",
"pos": [
9,
15
]
} | {
"id": "C0026741",
"name": "enzyme complex",
"pos": [
144,
158
]
} |
the purified protein is a 33 kda dna-binding protein that binds to an inverted repeat structure located within the psr promoter , the promoter for the rhas and rhar genes . | NA | {
"id": "C0033684",
"name": "protein",
"pos": [
13,
20
]
} | {
"id": "C0012940",
"name": "dna-binding protein",
"pos": [
33,
52
]
} |
the results indicated that fresh , green , leafy vegetables were moderately high in beta carotene ( 0.5-14.6 mg/100 g ) and very high in oxygenated carotenoids or xanthophylls , primarily lutein and its stereoisomers ( 2.3-63.0 mg/100g ) [ corrected ] . | NA | {
"id": "C0053396",
"name": "beta carotene",
"pos": [
84,
97
]
} | {
"id": "C0007271",
"name": "carotenoids",
"pos": [
148,
159
]
} |
the results indicated that fresh , green , leafy vegetables were moderately high in beta carotene ( 0.5-14.6 mg/100 g ) and very high in oxygenated carotenoids or xanthophylls , primarily lutein and its stereoisomers ( 2.3-63.0 mg/100g ) [ corrected ] . | NA | {
"id": "C0007271",
"name": "carotenoids",
"pos": [
148,
159
]
} | {
"id": "C0949636",
"name": "xanthophylls",
"pos": [
163,
175
]
} |
the results indicated that fresh , green , leafy vegetables were moderately high in beta carotene ( 0.5-14.6 mg/100 g ) and very high in oxygenated carotenoids or xanthophylls , primarily lutein and its stereoisomers ( 2.3-63.0 mg/100g ) [ corrected ] . | NA | {
"id": "C0949636",
"name": "xanthophylls",
"pos": [
163,
175
]
} | {
"id": "C0043328",
"name": "lutein",
"pos": [
188,
194
]
} |
the fresh , yellow or orange vegetables examined were very high in beta carotene ( 16.0-120.5 mg/100 g ) [ corrected ] but had no detectable nonhydrocarbon carotenoids . | NA | {
"id": "C0053396",
"name": "beta carotene",
"pos": [
67,
80
]
} | {
"id": "C0007271",
"name": "carotenoids",
"pos": [
156,
167
]
} |
these analyses suggest that consumption of carotenoids in addition to beta carotene may be associated with a lower risk for cancer . | NA | {
"id": "C0007271",
"name": "carotenoids",
"pos": [
43,
54
]
} | {
"id": "C0053396",
"name": "beta carotene",
"pos": [
70,
83
]
} |
the age- and adiposity-adjusted relative risk estimate for having an increased central adiposity ratio ( fourth quartile ) compared to lower central adiposity ratios was 1.8 ( 95 % confidence interval , 1.2-2.6 ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0028754",
"name": "adiposity",
"pos": [
13,
22
]
} | {
"id": "C0311277",
"name": "central adiposity",
"pos": [
141,
158
]
} |
fluid-aided sonography of the stomach and duodenum in the diagnosis of peptic ulcer disease in adult patients . | NA | {
"id": "C0013289",
"name": "duodenum",
"pos": [
42,
50
]
} | {
"id": "C0030920",
"name": "peptic",
"pos": [
71,
77
]
} |
effect of magnesium citrate and magnesium oxide on the crystallization of calcium salts in urine : changes produced by food-magnesium interaction . | NA | {
"id": "C0126774",
"name": "magnesium citrate",
"pos": [
10,
27
]
} | {
"id": "C0024467",
"name": "magnesium",
"pos": [
124,
133
]
} |
effect of magnesium citrate and magnesium oxide on the crystallization of calcium salts in urine : changes produced by food-magnesium interaction . | NA | {
"id": "C0024477",
"name": "magnesium oxide",
"pos": [
32,
47
]
} | {
"id": "C0024467",
"name": "magnesium",
"pos": [
124,
133
]
} |
when magnesium citrate or magnesium oxide was administered on an empty stomach ( 10 meq . 4 times per day or 486 mg. magnesium per day for 2 weeks ) urinary magnesium increased by only 77 to 79 mg. per day and urinary citrate increased by 98 to 142 mg. per day . | NA | {
"id": "C0126774",
"name": "magnesium citrate",
"pos": [
5,
22
]
} | {
"id": "C0024467",
"name": "magnesium",
"pos": [
157,
166
]
} |
when magnesium citrate or magnesium oxide was administered on an empty stomach ( 10 meq . 4 times per day or 486 mg. magnesium per day for 2 weeks ) urinary magnesium increased by only 77 to 79 mg. per day and urinary citrate increased by 98 to 142 mg. per day . | NA | {
"id": "C0024477",
"name": "magnesium oxide",
"pos": [
26,
41
]
} | {
"id": "C0024467",
"name": "magnesium",
"pos": [
157,
166
]
} |
detrusor mastocytosis was present in 64 % of our interstitial cystitis patients compared to 80 % of the noninterstitial cystitis group . | NA | {
"id": "C0282488",
"name": "interstitial cystitis",
"pos": [
49,
70
]
} | {
"id": "C0010692",
"name": "cystitis",
"pos": [
120,
128
]
} |
there was no statistically significant difference in mean detrusor mast cell counts between interstitial cystitis and noninterstitial cystitis patients . | NA | {
"id": "C0282488",
"name": "interstitial cystitis",
"pos": [
92,
113
]
} | {
"id": "C0010692",
"name": "cystitis",
"pos": [
134,
142
]
} |
the patients had no symptoms from the lower urinary tract except for 2 men with slight prostatism . | NA | {
"id": "C0574785",
"name": "symptoms",
"pos": [
20,
28
]
} | {
"id": "C0242453",
"name": "prostatism",
"pos": [
87,
97
]
} |
in order to remove antibodies reactive with the tamm-horsfall protein ( thp ) , the antisera were initially absorbed with an immunoadsorbent composed of purified human thp covalently bound to sepharose cl-4b gel . | NA | {
"id": "C0003241",
"name": "antibodies",
"pos": [
19,
29
]
} | {
"id": "C0020960",
"name": "antisera",
"pos": [
84,
92
]
} |
decreased leukocyte glutathione and taurine levels , plasma cyst ( e ) ine and taurine concentrations and urinary inorganic sulfate , taurine , mercaptolactate and thiosulfate outputs were found in cystinuric patients , probably reflecting intracellular cyst ( e ) ine deficiency . | NA | {
"id": "C0038720",
"name": "inorganic sulfate",
"pos": [
114,
131
]
} | {
"id": "C0039950",
"name": "thiosulfate",
"pos": [
164,
175
]
} |
reactive epitopes were also detected on saline soluble proteins of kidney cortex homogenate with the predominant antigen being a 31 kd polypeptide . | NA | {
"id": "C0003316",
"name": "epitopes",
"pos": [
9,
17
]
} | {
"id": "C0003320",
"name": "antigen",
"pos": [
113,
120
]
} |
our laboratory has recently mapped the profile of the n-ethylmaleimide ( nem ) -sensitive atpase and na-k atpase in microdissected rat nephron , documenting their presence throughout much of the nephron . | NA | {
"id": "C0001473",
"name": "atpase",
"pos": [
90,
96
]
} | {
"id": "C0001479",
"name": "na-k",
"pos": [
101,
105
]
} |
however , compared to freshly isolated cells , post-hd pbmc were primed to produce more il-1 beta and tnf alpha when subsequently stimulated with lps . | NA | {
"id": "C0007634",
"name": "cells",
"pos": [
39,
44
]
} | {
"id": "C1321301",
"name": "pbmc",
"pos": [
55,
59
]
} |
associated congenital cardiac anomalies included ventricular septal defect in 30 patients , aortic regurgitation in 20 , and infundibular pulmonic stenosis and coarctation of the aorta in one each . | NA | {
"id": "C0018798",
"name": "congenital cardiac anomalies",
"pos": [
11,
39
]
} | {
"id": "C0003492",
"name": "coarctation of the aorta",
"pos": [
160,
184
]
} |
128 patients with acute myocardial infarction of duration 6 h or less were randomised in double-blind fashion to receive 30 u anistreplase over 5 min or 1.5 mu streptokinase over 1 h , both intravenously . | NA | {
"id": "C0078956",
"name": "anistreplase",
"pos": [
126,
138
]
} | {
"id": "C0038418",
"name": "streptokinase",
"pos": [
160,
173
]
} |
55 % of patients who received anistreplase and 53 % of patients who received streptokinase had patent infarct-related arteries ( timi grade 2-3 ) at 90 min ( 95 % ci 42-68 % and 40-66 % , respectively ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0078956",
"name": "anistreplase",
"pos": [
30,
42
]
} | {
"id": "C0038418",
"name": "streptokinase",
"pos": [
77,
90
]
} |
there was one early reocclusion within 24 h in each treatment group and clinical evidence of reocclusion was recorded between 24 h and hospital discharge in a further 5 patients ( streptokinase 3 , anistreplase 2 ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0038418",
"name": "streptokinase",
"pos": [
180,
193
]
} | {
"id": "C0078956",
"name": "anistreplase",
"pos": [
198,
210
]
} |
to find out whether apparent seronegativity in patients strongly suspected of having lyme disease can be due to sequestration of antibodies in immune complexes , such complexes were isolated and tested for antibody to borrelia burgdorferi . | NA | {
"id": "C0003241",
"name": "antibodies",
"pos": [
129,
139
]
} | {
"id": "C0003313",
"name": "immune",
"pos": [
143,
149
]
} |
these findings were confirmed by western blot , which also showed that immune complex dissociation liberated mainly antibody reactive to the 41 kd antigen and sometimes antibody to an approximate 30 kd antigen . | NA | {
"id": "C0003313",
"name": "immune complex",
"pos": [
71,
85
]
} | {
"id": "C0003241",
"name": "antibody",
"pos": [
169,
177
]
} |
apparent b burgdorferi seronegativity in serum immune complexes may thus be due to sequestration of antibody in immune complexes . | NA | {
"id": "C0020960",
"name": "serum immune",
"pos": [
41,
53
]
} | {
"id": "C0003241",
"name": "antibody",
"pos": [
100,
108
]
} |
apparent b burgdorferi seronegativity in serum immune complexes may thus be due to sequestration of antibody in immune complexes . | NA | {
"id": "C0003241",
"name": "antibody",
"pos": [
100,
108
]
} | {
"id": "C0003313",
"name": "immune complexes",
"pos": [
112,
128
]
} |
the purpose of this article is to review a subset of pediatric patients with otitis media occurring simultaneously with meningitis and other central nervous system diseases . | NA | {
"id": "C0025289",
"name": "meningitis",
"pos": [
120,
130
]
} | {
"id": "C0007682",
"name": "central nervous",
"pos": [
141,
156
]
} |
n-methyl-d-aspartic acid ( nmda ; 40 mg/kg , i.p . ) did not elicit catalepsy , but it potentiated the cataleptic effect of haloperidol and gabab receptor agonist , baclofen . | NA | {
"id": "C0004015",
"name": "aspartic acid",
"pos": [
11,
24
]
} | {
"id": "C0079883",
"name": "nmda",
"pos": [
27,
31
]
} |
dihydropyridine ( dhp ) calcium-channel antagonists such as nimodipine and nitrendipine ( 10 mg/kg , i.p . ) , reversed the anticataleptic effect of mk-801 , and potentiated the cataleptic effect of haloperidol , as well as baclofen . | NA | {
"id": "C2945601",
"name": "dihydropyridine",
"pos": [
0,
15
]
} | {
"id": "C0028094",
"name": "nimodipine",
"pos": [
60,
70
]
} |
neuroblasts obtained from 17 day old rat embryos were incubated for 8 days , after which half of them were treated with 10 ( -6 ) m face ( a mixture of amino acids high in glycine , alanine and aspartic acid ) , and the other half were left as controls . | NA | {
"id": "C0002520",
"name": "amino",
"pos": [
152,
157
]
} | {
"id": "C0017890",
"name": "glycine",
"pos": [
172,
179
]
} |
neuroblasts obtained from 17 day old rat embryos were incubated for 8 days , after which half of them were treated with 10 ( -6 ) m face ( a mixture of amino acids high in glycine , alanine and aspartic acid ) , and the other half were left as controls . | NA | {
"id": "C0002520",
"name": "amino",
"pos": [
152,
157
]
} | {
"id": "C0001898",
"name": "alanine",
"pos": [
182,
189
]
} |
dopaminergic and gamma-aminobutyric acid-containing neuronal systems inhibit pomc-derived peptide release from the hypothalamus through d2-dopamine and gabaa receptors , respectively . | NA | {
"id": "C0282151",
"name": "dopaminergic",
"pos": [
0,
12
]
} | {
"id": "C0013030",
"name": "dopamine",
"pos": [
139,
147
]
} |
growth-associated protein ( gap ) -43 is a neuron-specific phosphoprotein whose expression is associated with axonal outgrowth during neuronal development and regeneration . | NA | {
"id": "C0033684",
"name": "protein",
"pos": [
18,
25
]
} | {
"id": "C0031689",
"name": "phosphoprotein",
"pos": [
59,
73
]
} |
we have used this system to examine the interaction of the oral hypoglycemic sulfonylurea glyburide with bovine insulin on protein degradation and synthesis as well as on thymidine incorporation ( as a measure of dna synthesis ) in these cells . | NA | {
"id": "C0038766",
"name": "sulfonylurea",
"pos": [
77,
89
]
} | {
"id": "C0017628",
"name": "glyburide",
"pos": [
90,
99
]
} |
we studied the association of obesity with lipid and lipoprotein concentrations in 92 patients ( 49 men , 43 women ) with insulin-dependent diabetes ( iddm ) , in 305 patients ( 152 men , 153 women ) with non-insulin-dependent diabetes ( niddm ) , and in 122 nondiabetic control subjects ( 65 men , 57 women ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0023779",
"name": "lipid",
"pos": [
43,
48
]
} | {
"id": "C0023820",
"name": "lipoprotein",
"pos": [
53,
64
]
} |
obesity ( body mass index , bmi ) was associated with abnormal lipid and lipoprotein levels only in the presence of diabetes , and lipid and lipoprotein changes were substantially more abnormal in patients with niddm than in patients with iddm . | NA | {
"id": "C0023820",
"name": "lipoprotein",
"pos": [
73,
84
]
} | {
"id": "C0023779",
"name": "lipid",
"pos": [
131,
136
]
} |
bmi and diabetes status had a statistically significant interaction ( analysis of variance ) with respect to hdl and hdl2 cholesterol and total and vldl triglycerides , indicating that the effects of obesity on lipids and lipoproteins were more severe in patients with diabetes than in nondiabetic subjects . | NA | {
"id": "C0023779",
"name": "lipids",
"pos": [
211,
217
]
} | {
"id": "C0023820",
"name": "lipoproteins",
"pos": [
222,
234
]
} |
hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance are commonly seen in obese and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitis ( niddm ) patients . | NA | {
"id": "C0020459",
"name": "hyperinsulinemia",
"pos": [
0,
16
]
} | {
"id": "C0021655",
"name": "insulin resistance",
"pos": [
21,
39
]
} |
vldl-triglyceride concentrations ranged from 7.5 mg/dl to 38.8 mg/dl , ldl cholesterol from 12.0 mg/dl to 39.6 mg/dl , and hdl cholesterol from 41.3 mg/dl to 92.4 mg/dl . | NA | {
"id": "C0023824",
"name": "ldl cholesterol",
"pos": [
71,
86
]
} | {
"id": "C0008377",
"name": "cholesterol",
"pos": [
127,
138
]
} |
still-births rates for infants of birthweights of 1000-1499 g remained unchanged , as did neonatal mortality rates in both weight groups . | NA | {
"id": "C0005612",
"name": "infants",
"pos": [
23,
30
]
} | {
"id": "C0005910",
"name": "weight",
"pos": [
123,
129
]
} |
however , 1 week of human growth hormone , administered intravenously every 4 hr to diabetic male rats , failed to significantly reverse the diabetes-induced changes in hepatic cytochromes p450 , in particular forms iic11 and iie1 , despite the presence of an episodic plasma hgh profile . | NA | {
"id": "C0037663",
"name": "1",
"pos": [
10,
11
]
} | {
"id": "C3714500",
"name": "hgh",
"pos": [
276,
279
]
} |
the rank order of potency of agonists was isoproterenol greater than salbutamol greater than or equal to ( - ) -epinephrine much greater than ( - ) -norepinephrine , consistent with beta 2-receptor specificity . | NA | {
"id": "C0014563",
"name": "epinephrine",
"pos": [
112,
123
]
} | {
"id": "C0028351",
"name": "norepinephrine",
"pos": [
149,
163
]
} |
the effect of gaba is blocked by sr-95531 , a gabaa receptor antagonist , and mimicked by muscimol but not baclofen . | NA | {
"id": "C0016904",
"name": "gaba",
"pos": [
14,
18
]
} | {
"id": "C0004609",
"name": "baclofen",
"pos": [
107,
115
]
} |
after reduction of a disulfide bond at or near the mu opioid binding site in rat brain membranes , incubating membranes with 14 beta-bromoacetamido derivatives of either morphine , dihydromorphine , morphinone , or dihydromorphinone resulted in the irreversible inhibition of mu opioid binding to rat brain membranes . | NA | {
"id": "C0026553",
"name": "derivatives",
"pos": [
148,
159
]
} | {
"id": "C0012305",
"name": "dihydromorphine",
"pos": [
181,
196
]
} |
after reduction of a disulfide bond at or near the mu opioid binding site in rat brain membranes , incubating membranes with 14 beta-bromoacetamido derivatives of either morphine , dihydromorphine , morphinone , or dihydromorphinone resulted in the irreversible inhibition of mu opioid binding to rat brain membranes . | NA | {
"id": "C0026553",
"name": "derivatives",
"pos": [
148,
159
]
} | {
"id": "C0012306",
"name": "dihydromorphinone",
"pos": [
215,
232
]
} |
the mutant protein was able to interact with srp , resulting in translation inhibition , membrane targeting , and membrane translocation , but the efficiency of translocation was considerably lower than for the wild-type hn protein . | NA | {
"id": "C1564139",
"name": "mutant protein",
"pos": [
4,
18
]
} | {
"id": "C0033684",
"name": "protein",
"pos": [
224,
231
]
} |
homogeneous preparations of a protein phosphatase that is specific for phosphotyrosyl residues ( protein tyrosine phosphatase [ ptpase ] 1b ) were isolated from human placenta and microinjected into xenopus oocytes . | NA | {
"id": "C0031678",
"name": "phosphatase",
"pos": [
38,
49
]
} | {
"id": "C0085536",
"name": "ptpase",
"pos": [
128,
134
]
} |
hol1 double mutants and , to a lesser extent , hol1-1 single mutants show hypersensitivity to specific cations added to the growth medium , including na+ , li+ , cs+ , be2+ , guanidinium ion , and histidinol , but not k+ , rb+ , ca2+ , or mg2+ . | NA | {
"id": "C0007447",
"name": "cations",
"pos": [
103,
110
]
} | {
"id": "C0022023",
"name": "ion",
"pos": [
187,
190
]
} |
differences in iiics expression patterns were observed among different cell types , among fibroblasts of different tissue origins , and between comparable normal and transformed cells . | NA | {
"id": "C0016030",
"name": "fibroblasts",
"pos": [
90,
101
]
} | {
"id": "C0007634",
"name": "cells",
"pos": [
178,
183
]
} |
the studied chemotherapies induced a clear cytogenetic effect in at least 2 of the tests studied with the exception of interferon-alpha 2b ( patient 6 ) and interferon + low doses of cis-platinum ( patient 2 ) which did not appear to cause evident chromosomal damage . | NA | {
"id": "C0021735",
"name": "interferon-alpha 2b",
"pos": [
119,
138
]
} | {
"id": "C0021747",
"name": "interferon",
"pos": [
157,
167
]
} |
photobiological effects in saccharomyces cerevisiae induced by the monofunctional furocoumarin 4,4',6-trimethylangelicin ( tma ) and the bifunctional furocoumarin 8-methoxypsoralen ( 8-mop ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0016859",
"name": "furocoumarin",
"pos": [
82,
94
]
} | {
"id": "C0025684",
"name": "8-methoxypsoralen",
"pos": [
163,
180
]
} |
in order to assess its genotoxic potential , the photobiological ( genetic ) effects of tma were studied in a diploid strain of saccharomyces cerevisiae ( d7 ) and compared to those of the bifunctional furocoumarin 8-methoxypsoralen ( 8-mop ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0016859",
"name": "furocoumarin",
"pos": [
202,
214
]
} | {
"id": "C0025684",
"name": "8-methoxypsoralen",
"pos": [
215,
232
]
} |
in the tincture some furocoumarins , e.g. , bergapten , psoralen , imperatorin , and 3 furoquinoline alkaloids ( dictamnine , gamma-fagarine , skimmianine ) were detected . | NA | {
"id": "C0016859",
"name": "furocoumarins",
"pos": [
21,
34
]
} | {
"id": "C0016072",
"name": "psoralen",
"pos": [
56,
64
]
} |
we have now intracerebrally applied the monoclonal antibody in-1 , which neutralizes the inhibitory effect of both these proteins , to young rats by implanting antibody-producing tumours . | NA | {
"id": "C0003250",
"name": "monoclonal antibody",
"pos": [
40,
59
]
} | {
"id": "C0003241",
"name": "antibody",
"pos": [
160,
168
]
} |
beta-lactamases ( ec 3.5.2.6 , 'penicillinases ' ) are a family of enzymes that protect bacteria against the lethal effects of cell-wall synthesis of penicillins , cephalosporins and related antibiotic agents , by hydrolysing the beta-lactam antibiotics to biologically inactive compounds . | NA | {
"id": "C0597979",
"name": "beta-lactamases",
"pos": [
0,
15
]
} | {
"id": "C0030841",
"name": "penicillinases",
"pos": [
32,
46
]
} |
possible role for salivary gland protein in taste reception indicated by homology to lipophilic-ligand carrier proteins . | NA | {
"id": "C0033684",
"name": "protein",
"pos": [
33,
40
]
} | {
"id": "C0007292",
"name": "carrier proteins",
"pos": [
103,
119
]
} |
the mechanisms that have been suggested to account for the focusing of the t-cell response are partial deletion in the t-cell repertoire , biased antigen processing , and competition for binding to the presenting molecule , the major histocompatibility complex encoded class ii transplantation antigen . | NA | {
"id": "C0019630",
"name": "major histocompatibility complex",
"pos": [
228,
260
]
} | {
"id": "C0019628",
"name": "transplantation antigen",
"pos": [
278,
301
]
} |
most information about the structure of rna derives from fibre diffraction or crystallography of natural molecules , notably transfer rna , but until recently there have been few systematic studies of rna structure using designed sequences . | NA | {
"id": "C0035711",
"name": "transfer rna",
"pos": [
125,
137
]
} | {
"id": "C0035668",
"name": "rna",
"pos": [
201,
204
]
} |
as cyclins are important in the control of cell division , the disruption of a cyclin a gene by viral insertion might contribute to tumorigenesis . | NA | {
"id": "C0079183",
"name": "cyclins",
"pos": [
3,
10
]
} | {
"id": "C0079184",
"name": "a cyclin",
"pos": [
77,
85
]
} |
guillain-barre syndrome ( gbs ) , chronic idiopathic demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy ( cidp ) , and multiple sclerosis ( ms ) are disorders with presumed immunopathogenesis . | NA | {
"id": "C0018378",
"name": "guillain-barre syndrome",
"pos": [
0,
23
]
} | {
"id": "C0032587",
"name": "polyradiculoneuropathy",
"pos": [
67,
89
]
} |
to obtain evidence for t cell activation , we determined serum concentrations of soluble interleukin-2 receptors ( sil-2 r ) in 50 patients with gbs , 24 with cidp , and 54 with ms . | NA | {
"id": "C0018378",
"name": "gbs",
"pos": [
145,
148
]
} | {
"id": "C0032587",
"name": "cidp",
"pos": [
159,
163
]
} |
these data establish that t cells are activated in gbs and some patients with cidp , and corroborate earlier evidence that activated t cells are circulating in the blood of ms patients . | NA | {
"id": "C0018378",
"name": "gbs",
"pos": [
51,
54
]
} | {
"id": "C0032587",
"name": "cidp",
"pos": [
78,
82
]
} |
active ddp in the plasma of dogs after 3 mg/kg of ddp injection , assessed by the bioassay system , was almost completely inactivated , when the level of sts in the plasma was more than 500 times higher at molar sts/ddp ratios than that of ddp . | NA | {
"id": "C0039950",
"name": "sts",
"pos": [
154,
157
]
} | {
"id": "C0074774",
"name": "sts",
"pos": [
212,
215
]
} |
although mean gestational age and mean postconceptional age at recording were similar , birthweight and weight at recording were significantly lower in group 1 infants . | NA | {
"id": "C0005612",
"name": "birthweight",
"pos": [
88,
99
]
} | {
"id": "C0005910",
"name": "weight",
"pos": [
104,
110
]
} |
it is concluded that preterm infants who develop apnea and/or bradycardia with cyanosis have a lower mean birthweight and mean weight at recording at less than or equal to 7 days of age than similar asymptomatic preterm infants . | NA | {
"id": "C0005612",
"name": "birthweight",
"pos": [
106,
117
]
} | {
"id": "C0005910",
"name": "weight",
"pos": [
127,
133
]
} |
epstein-barr virus infection ( ebv ) was discovered 25 years ago in tumour cells from burkitt 's lymphoma . | NA | {
"id": "C0149678",
"name": "epstein-barr virus infection",
"pos": [
0,
28
]
} | {
"id": "C0006413",
"name": "burkitt 's lymphoma",
"pos": [
86,
105
]
} |
odds ratios for fourth quartile intakes for males were 1.80 ( 95 % ci , 1.12 , 2.89 ) for total alcohol and 1.86 ( 1.13 , 3.06 ) for beer . | NA | {
"id": "C0001962",
"name": "alcohol",
"pos": [
96,
103
]
} | {
"id": "C0004922",
"name": "beer",
"pos": [
133,
137
]
} |
amplification of butyrylcholinesterase and acetylcholinesterase genes in normal and tumor tissues : putative relationship to organophosphorous poisoning . | NA | {
"id": "C0008429",
"name": "butyrylcholinesterase",
"pos": [
17,
38
]
} | {
"id": "C0001044",
"name": "acetylcholinesterase",
"pos": [
43,
63
]
} |
four solvents , propylene glycol ( pg ) , ethanol ( et ) , isopropanol ( ipa ) , and isopropyl myristate ( ipm ) , were employed as vehicles , in combination with four enhancers , 1-farnesylazacycloheptan-2-one ( 7fu ) , 1-geranylazacycloheptan-2-one ( 7gu ) , 1-geranylazacyclopentan-2-one ( 5gu ) , and 1-dodecylazacycloheptan-2-one ( azone ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0001962",
"name": "ethanol",
"pos": [
42,
49
]
} | {
"id": "C0022237",
"name": "isopropanol",
"pos": [
59,
70
]
} |
the bicarbonate treatment consisted of 6 g sodium bicarbonate 30 min prior to the phenylpropanolamine and then 3 g sodium bicarbonate every 4 hr for the next 16 hr . | NA | {
"id": "C0005367",
"name": "bicarbonate",
"pos": [
4,
15
]
} | {
"id": "C0074722",
"name": "sodium bicarbonate",
"pos": [
115,
133
]
} |
the truncated vp4 polypeptides were tested for reaction with 11 vp4-specific neutralizing monoclonal antibodies to identify the minimum polypeptides required for antibody recognition . | NA | {
"id": "C0003250",
"name": "monoclonal antibodies",
"pos": [
90,
111
]
} | {
"id": "C0003241",
"name": "antibody",
"pos": [
162,
170
]
} |
the two phosphoproteins were identified as camp-pde or a closely related molecule ( in the case of the 44-kda species , perhaps a proteolytic fragment ) since ( i ) amounts of 32p in the immunoprecipitated 135-kda protein paralleled enzyme inactivation , ( ii ) prior incubation of the anti-camp-pde with the pure rat or bovine enzyme selectively blocked the immunoprecipitation of the phosphoproteins , ( iii ) 135- and 44-kda proteins reacted with the anti-camp-pde on western immunoblots , and ( iv ) the two phosphoproteins copurified with camp-pde activity through deae-sephacel chromatography and were isolated by highly selective affinity chromatography on cilostamide-agarose . | NA | {
"id": "C0033684",
"name": "proteins",
"pos": [
15,
23
]
} | {
"id": "C0031689",
"name": "phosphoproteins",
"pos": [
512,
527
]
} |
dna-o6-methylguanine : protein-l-cysteine s-methyltransferase , ec 2.1.1.63 ) , a unique dna repair protein present in most organisms , removes the carcinogenic and mutagenic adduct o6-alkylguanine from dna by stoichiometrically accepting the alkyl group on a cysteine residue in a suicide reaction . | NA | {
"id": "C0012854",
"name": "dna",
"pos": [
0,
3
]
} | {
"id": "C0000702",
"name": "a",
"pos": [
292,
293
]
} |
dna-o6-methylguanine : protein-l-cysteine s-methyltransferase , ec 2.1.1.63 ) , a unique dna repair protein present in most organisms , removes the carcinogenic and mutagenic adduct o6-alkylguanine from dna by stoichiometrically accepting the alkyl group on a cysteine residue in a suicide reaction . | NA | {
"id": "C0012854",
"name": "dna",
"pos": [
0,
3
]
} | {
"id": "C0242958",
"name": "adduct",
"pos": [
175,
181
]
} |
a new human herpesvirus has been isolated from cd4+ t cells purified from peripheral blood mononuclear cells of a healthy individual ( rk ) , following incubation of the cells under conditions promoting t-cell activation . | NA | {
"id": "C1321301",
"name": "peripheral blood mononuclear cells",
"pos": [
74,
108
]
} | {
"id": "C0007634",
"name": "cells",
"pos": [
170,
175
]
} |
prior to serological analysis with polyclonal rabbit antisera , ha and na antigens of four viruses of each subtype were segregated by genetic reassortment to forestall nonspecific steric hindrance during antigen-antibody combination . | NA | {
"id": "C0003342",
"name": "antigens",
"pos": [
74,
82
]
} | {
"id": "C0003320",
"name": "antigen",
"pos": [
204,
211
]
} |
the pk shift of the purple-to-blue transition in the asp-85 -- -- glu , arg-82 -- -- ala , and arg-82 -- -- gln mutants and the similarity in the photocycle and photoelectrical signals of the asp-85 -- -- ala , asp-85 -- -- asn , and asp-212 -- -- asn mutants suggest the interaction between asp-85 , arg-82 , asp-212 , and the schiff base as essential for proton release . | NA | {
"id": "C0061472",
"name": "glu",
"pos": [
66,
69
]
} | {
"id": "C0017797",
"name": "gln",
"pos": [
108,
111
]
} |
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