text stringlengths 57 1.72k | relation stringclasses 125
values | h dict | t dict |
|---|---|---|---|
changes in blood glucose , serum insulin , gip , gastrin , and plasma glucagon , caused by acarbose , reflected delayed glucose absorption and were plausible within the regulatory framework of carbohydrate assimilation . | NA | {
"id": "C0005802",
"name": "in blood glucose",
"pos": [
8,
24
]
} | {
"id": "C0017725",
"name": "glucose",
"pos": [
120,
127
]
} |
[ biochemistry and significance of prostaglandins , prostacyclins , thromboxanes and leukotrienes and the modification of their biosynthesis by essential fatty acids ] . | NA | {
"id": "C0033554",
"name": "prostaglandins",
"pos": [
35,
49
]
} | {
"id": "C0205911",
"name": "prostacyclins",
"pos": [
52,
65
]
} |
a survey is given of the biochemistry and importance of the prostaglandins , the thromboxanes , the prostacyclins and the leukotrienes . | NA | {
"id": "C0033554",
"name": "prostaglandins",
"pos": [
60,
74
]
} | {
"id": "C0205911",
"name": "prostacyclins",
"pos": [
100,
113
]
} |
fifty-three patients suffering from acne vulgaris or acne conglobata have been treated with natural sulphides over a period of 4 weeks . | NA | {
"id": "C0001144",
"name": "acne vulgaris",
"pos": [
36,
49
]
} | {
"id": "C0263442",
"name": "acne conglobata",
"pos": [
53,
68
]
} |
plasma concentrations of epinephrine , norepinephrine , aldosterone , renin and digoxin were determined on the last day of the furosemide treatment period and on the last day of the muzolimine period . | NA | {
"id": "C0014563",
"name": "epinephrine",
"pos": [
25,
36
]
} | {
"id": "C0028351",
"name": "norepinephrine",
"pos": [
39,
53
]
} |
hence , anti-idiotype antibodies against paratope-associated idiotypes ( idp ) would themselves have paratopes of similar conformation to the epitope on the antigen with which the idp-bearing antibody reacted . | NA | {
"id": "C0003316",
"name": "epitope",
"pos": [
142,
149
]
} | {
"id": "C0003320",
"name": "antigen",
"pos": [
157,
164
]
} |
this protein is an early virus-induced protein appearing 2-4 h after hsv-2 infection , and it was synthesized in the presence of successive blocks with cycloheximide and actinomycin d . | NA | {
"id": "C0033684",
"name": "protein",
"pos": [
5,
12
]
} | {
"id": "C0042736",
"name": "virus",
"pos": [
25,
30
]
} |
furthermore , western blot analyses indicated that icp10 and icsp11/12 are distinct antigens recognized by antibodies in sera from immune rabbit or human cervical carcinoma patients . | NA | {
"id": "C0003241",
"name": "antibodies",
"pos": [
107,
117
]
} | {
"id": "C0020960",
"name": "sera",
"pos": [
121,
125
]
} |
two cases of drowning , a survivor and a dead , during swimming exercise in swimming-pool are described . | NA | {
"id": "C0013142",
"name": "drowning",
"pos": [
13,
21
]
} | {
"id": "C0011065",
"name": "dead",
"pos": [
41,
45
]
} |
differences of maturation values above 30 between urethral and vaginal cells were recordable only from post-menopause patients with urge incontinence , providing for certain possible conclusions as to the form of urinary incontinence . | NA | {
"id": "C0150045",
"name": "urge incontinence",
"pos": [
132,
149
]
} | {
"id": "C0042024",
"name": "urinary",
"pos": [
213,
220
]
} |
the bactericidal activity of ampicillin , amoxicillin , tetracycline , and doxycycline against h. influenzae under various conditions of culture . | NA | {
"id": "C0002680",
"name": "ampicillin",
"pos": [
29,
39
]
} | {
"id": "C0002645",
"name": "amoxicillin",
"pos": [
42,
53
]
} |
the bactericidal activities of ampicillin , amoxicillin , tetracycline , and doxycycline at a concentration of 1 mg/l were compared for 13 strains of h. influenzae with a typical minimal inhibitory concentration of these drugs . | NA | {
"id": "C0002680",
"name": "ampicillin",
"pos": [
31,
41
]
} | {
"id": "C0002645",
"name": "amoxicillin",
"pos": [
44,
55
]
} |
rotavirus infections in conventional pigs : kinetics excretion in faeces of rotavirus antigens , antibodies and immune complexes by pigs from birth up to three month of age . | NA | {
"id": "C0003241",
"name": "antibodies",
"pos": [
97,
107
]
} | {
"id": "C0003313",
"name": "immune complexes",
"pos": [
112,
128
]
} |
among 12,476 patients with diseases of the peripheral nervous system 54.3 % had radical syndromes , 16.3 % had acute injuries of the nerves , 25.2 % had entrapment syndromes , 3.8 % suffered from polyneuropathies and other diseases . | NA | {
"id": "C0031117",
"name": "diseases of the peripheral nervous system",
"pos": [
27,
68
]
} | {
"id": "C0152025",
"name": "polyneuropathies",
"pos": [
196,
212
]
} |
among 12,476 patients with diseases of the peripheral nervous system 54.3 % had radical syndromes , 16.3 % had acute injuries of the nerves , 25.2 % had entrapment syndromes , 3.8 % suffered from polyneuropathies and other diseases . | NA | {
"id": "C0039082",
"name": "syndromes",
"pos": [
88,
97
]
} | {
"id": "C0012634",
"name": "diseases",
"pos": [
223,
231
]
} |
the epr findings suggest that nucleosides are bonded in the equatorial position of the cu ( ii ) -peptide complexes , however , in the case of pyrimidine nucleosides weak axial bonding also seems to occur . | NA | {
"id": "C0028621",
"name": "nucleosides",
"pos": [
30,
41
]
} | {
"id": "C0034287",
"name": "pyrimidine nucleosides",
"pos": [
143,
165
]
} |
both enzymes readily sulphated p-nitrophenol , 2-naphthol , 1-naphthol and salicylamide and did not act on biogenic amines ( e.g . epinephrine , norepinephrine , dopamine , serotonin ) , acid metabolites of catecholamines ( e.g . 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid , homovanillic acid ) , and o-methylated metabolites of catecholamines . | NA | {
"id": "C0014563",
"name": "epinephrine",
"pos": [
131,
142
]
} | {
"id": "C0028351",
"name": "norepinephrine",
"pos": [
145,
159
]
} |
they state that the prognosis of the second tumour is worse for its late detection and stress the importance of follow-up that also considers the possible development of a new tumour . | NA | {
"id": "C0085183",
"name": "second tumour",
"pos": [
37,
50
]
} | {
"id": "C0027651",
"name": "tumour",
"pos": [
176,
182
]
} |
preoperatively and at 2 , 4 , 6 , 12 and 24 h after skin incision arterial serum concentrations of thyroid hormones ( t3 , free t3 , rt3 , t4 , free t4 and tsh ) , catecholamines ( adrenaline and noradrenaline ) , cortisol and serum proteins ( albumin , prealbumin and tbg ) were determined . | NA | {
"id": "C0014563",
"name": "adrenaline",
"pos": [
181,
191
]
} | {
"id": "C0028351",
"name": "noradrenaline",
"pos": [
196,
209
]
} |
the cytopathologic features in crush preparations of astrocytomas , glioblastomas multiforme and a pituitary adenoma are described . | NA | {
"id": "C0004114",
"name": "astrocytomas",
"pos": [
53,
65
]
} | {
"id": "C0017636",
"name": "glioblastomas multiforme",
"pos": [
68,
92
]
} |
both tabular and stepwise logistic regression analyses revealed that the prognostically unfavorable factors as regards healing were , in order of importance , severe ( widespread ) dermatitis in childhood , family history of ad , associated allergic rhinitis , and/or bronchial asthma ( with allergic rhinitis as the dominant of these two factors ) , female sex and early age at onset . | NA | {
"id": "C0011603",
"name": "dermatitis",
"pos": [
181,
191
]
} | {
"id": "C0011615",
"name": "ad",
"pos": [
225,
227
]
} |
these reactions fell into three groups : immediate reactions ( within one hour ) which included angio-oedema , contact urticaria , generalised itching and erythema , or urticaria ; | NA | {
"id": "C0002994",
"name": "angio-oedema",
"pos": [
96,
108
]
} | {
"id": "C0042109",
"name": "urticaria",
"pos": [
169,
178
]
} |
late reactions , where patients experienced late urticaria , late angio-oedema , itching , or exacerbation of the dermatitis ; | NA | {
"id": "C0042109",
"name": "urticaria",
"pos": [
49,
58
]
} | {
"id": "C0002994",
"name": "angio-oedema",
"pos": [
66,
78
]
} |
it is earlier shown that it is of importance in atopic dermatitis in the head-neck area in adults , and that elimination of the yeast by help of treatment with ketoconazole improve the dermatitis . | NA | {
"id": "C0011615",
"name": "atopic dermatitis",
"pos": [
48,
65
]
} | {
"id": "C0011603",
"name": "dermatitis",
"pos": [
185,
195
]
} |
the presence of beta-endorphin and enkephalin in pancreatic islets suggests that opioid peptides may play a role in the regulation of pancreatic endocrine function . | NA | {
"id": "C0014298",
"name": "enkephalin",
"pos": [
35,
45
]
} | {
"id": "C0205753",
"name": "opioid peptides",
"pos": [
81,
96
]
} |
fibrinopeptide a , a sensitive marker of in vivo fibrin formation , was significantly increased in nidd with vascular complications . | NA | {
"id": "C0016022",
"name": "fibrinopeptide a",
"pos": [
0,
16
]
} | {
"id": "C0015982",
"name": "fibrin",
"pos": [
49,
55
]
} |
it is concluded that enzymatic factors and their inhibitors including partially gh dependent moieties like sm-b modulate specific gh binding to human peripheral lymphocytes in vitro . | NA | {
"id": "C0037663",
"name": "gh",
"pos": [
80,
82
]
} | {
"id": "C0169964",
"name": "gh",
"pos": [
130,
132
]
} |
a possible role of clomiphene citrate ( clomiphene ) in the control of ovulation in anovulatory women was investigated . | NA | {
"id": "C0546859",
"name": "clomiphene citrate",
"pos": [
19,
37
]
} | {
"id": "C0009008",
"name": "clomiphene",
"pos": [
40,
50
]
} |
hemoglobin electrophoresis at ph 8.9 revealed absence of hb a , a major component of fast mobility ( 94 % ) , and increased hb f and hb a2 levels ( 1.5 % and 4.6 % , respectively ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0019046",
"name": "hb",
"pos": [
57,
59
]
} | {
"id": "C0015936",
"name": "hb f",
"pos": [
124,
128
]
} |
baseline mean cbf was 55 ml/ ( 100 g x min ) after an l-dopa-free interval of at least 10 h ( range 10-13 ) and remained unchanged at 56.1 ml/ ( 100 g x min ) after optimal clinical improvement was achieved by l-dopa . | NA | {
"id": "C0013023",
"name": "dopa",
"pos": [
56,
60
]
} | {
"id": "C0023570",
"name": "l-dopa",
"pos": [
210,
216
]
} |
rapid and simultaneous measurement of estrone , estradiol , estriol and estetrol in serum by high performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection . | NA | {
"id": "C0014927",
"name": "estriol",
"pos": [
60,
67
]
} | {
"id": "C0014899",
"name": "estetrol",
"pos": [
72,
80
]
} |
a high performance liquid chromatographic ( hplc ) method with electrochemical detection ( ecd ) was developed for the simultaneous measurement of estrone , estradiol , estriol and estetrol in serum . | NA | {
"id": "C0014927",
"name": "estriol",
"pos": [
169,
176
]
} | {
"id": "C0014899",
"name": "estetrol",
"pos": [
181,
189
]
} |
we show the iia to iib transition in the male involves a change in myosin heavy chain synthesis ( figure 39 ) , a corresponding change in the mobility of native myosin isozymes run on pyrophosphate gels ( figure 43 ) , and changes in the proportions of the alpha and beta subunits of tropomyosin ( figure 41 ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0027100",
"name": "myosin heavy chain",
"pos": [
67,
85
]
} | {
"id": "C0027096",
"name": "myosin",
"pos": [
289,
295
]
} |
progesterone inhibits oocyte plasma membrane adenylate cyclase measured in the presence of gtp or gpp ( nh ) p by a novel mechanism that involves a guanine nucleotide regulatory protein . | NA | {
"id": "C0018353",
"name": "gtp",
"pos": [
91,
94
]
} | {
"id": "C0018366",
"name": "gpp ( nh ) p",
"pos": [
98,
110
]
} |
the occurrence of muscarinic cholinergic receptor-mediated activation of phosphodiesterase in 1321n1 cells does not represent an isolated phenomenon , since a similar response to cholinergic stimuli is observed in thyroid slices ( 45 ) and wi-38 fibroblasts ( 1,42 ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0007634",
"name": "cells",
"pos": [
101,
106
]
} | {
"id": "C0016030",
"name": "fibroblasts",
"pos": [
246,
257
]
} |
the data suggest that dihydropyridine agents such as nifedipine and nisoldipine are protective against thrombosis , whereas verapamil may have little such activity . | NA | {
"id": "C0012315",
"name": "dihydropyridine",
"pos": [
22,
37
]
} | {
"id": "C0028066",
"name": "nifedipine",
"pos": [
53,
63
]
} |
this interaction was ionic in nature , since treatment of sections with heparin abrogated the binding of huplt cp to glomerular structures . | NA | {
"id": "C0022023",
"name": "ionic",
"pos": [
21,
26
]
} | {
"id": "C0007447",
"name": "huplt cp",
"pos": [
105,
113
]
} |
infection of mice with small numbers of rickettsia typhi inoculated by a peripheral route leads to a more complex pattern of immune development , with a distinction between resistance to local and systemic infection . | NA | {
"id": "C0009450",
"name": "infection",
"pos": [
0,
9
]
} | {
"id": "C0243026",
"name": "systemic infection",
"pos": [
197,
215
]
} |
while ct proved useful in demonstrating these sites of thoracic infections in septic trauma victims , the presence of concurrent thoracic pathology , particularly loculated hemothorax or hemopneumothorax and traumatic lung cysts with hemorrhage or surrounding parenchymal consolidation , introduced sources of diagnostic error . | NA | {
"id": "C0019123",
"name": "hemothorax",
"pos": [
173,
183
]
} | {
"id": "C0019077",
"name": "hemopneumothorax",
"pos": [
187,
203
]
} |
these results emphasize the importance of evaluating the entire esophagus and maintaining a high index of suspicion for distal esophageal disease in the total laryngectomy patient with dysphagia . | NA | {
"id": "C0014852",
"name": "esophageal disease",
"pos": [
127,
145
]
} | {
"id": "C0011168",
"name": "dysphagia",
"pos": [
185,
194
]
} |
the most common ct finding was white-matter edema , diffuse or focal , affecting the supratentorial compartment in all cases and the infratentorial compartment in eight . | NA | {
"id": "C0037088",
"name": "finding",
"pos": [
19,
26
]
} | {
"id": "C0013604",
"name": "edema",
"pos": [
44,
49
]
} |
to assess the effect of subaggregatory concentrations of catecholamines on the antiaggregatory effect of prostacyclin ( pgi2 ) , platelets from normal human volunteers were exposed sequentially in vitro to epinephrine ( less than or equal to 50 nm ) - or norepinephrine ( less than or equal to 1 microm ) followed by pgi2 and adenosine diphosphate ( adp ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0014563",
"name": "epinephrine",
"pos": [
206,
217
]
} | {
"id": "C0028351",
"name": "norepinephrine",
"pos": [
255,
269
]
} |
the complexity of ventricular ectopy was also decreased as measured by the lown grade and the proportion of hours in which multiform ectopic beats were present . | NA | {
"id": "C0151636",
"name": "complexity",
"pos": [
4,
14
]
} | {
"id": "C0340464",
"name": "ectopic beats",
"pos": [
133,
146
]
} |
dysrhythmias were classified as passive ( failure of initiation or propagation of the san impulse ) , active ( atrial flutter or supraventricular tachycardia ) , or atrioventricular ( av ) conduction defects . | NA | {
"id": "C0003811",
"name": "dysrhythmias",
"pos": [
0,
12
]
} | {
"id": "C0004239",
"name": "atrial flutter",
"pos": [
111,
125
]
} |
recent studies suggest that apolipoproteins and subfractions of high-density lipoprotein ( hdl ) cholesterol may be better predictors of atherosclerotic coronary artery disease ( cad ) than are plasma cholesterol and total hdl cholesterol . | NA | {
"id": "C0008377",
"name": "cholesterol",
"pos": [
97,
108
]
} | {
"id": "C0023822",
"name": "hdl",
"pos": [
223,
226
]
} |
to examine this hypothesis , plasma cholesterol and triglyceride , cholesterol of low-density lipoprotein , hdl and its subfractions 2 and 3 , apolipoprotein a-i , the apolipoprotein b of low-density lipoprotein , the ratio of apolipoprotein eii to eiii , and ratios of several of these variables were measured in a selected series of 126 patients ( 83 men and 43 women ) who underwent coronary angiography for suspected cad . | NA | {
"id": "C0003593",
"name": "apolipoprotein b",
"pos": [
168,
184
]
} | {
"id": "C0003591",
"name": "apolipoprotein",
"pos": [
227,
241
]
} |
a purified preparation of the immunoglobulin component of patient plasma produced the same pattern of coagulation abnormalities , suggesting the paraprotein possessed heparin-like anticoagulant activity . | NA | {
"id": "C0021027",
"name": "immunoglobulin",
"pos": [
30,
44
]
} | {
"id": "C0030490",
"name": "paraprotein",
"pos": [
145,
156
]
} |
a report of four cases of severe myelodysplastic syndromes ( mds ) culminating in death in cadaver renal recipients is presented . | NA | {
"id": "C0011065",
"name": "death",
"pos": [
82,
87
]
} | {
"id": "C0006629",
"name": "cadaver",
"pos": [
91,
98
]
} |
in contrast to reports of an association between elevated serum dmc levels and renal insufficiency in patients with cirrhotic edema , the renal insufficiency in this patient with cardiac edema occurred in the absence of high dmc levels . | NA | {
"id": "C0013604",
"name": "edema",
"pos": [
126,
131
]
} | {
"id": "C0013608",
"name": "cardiac edema",
"pos": [
179,
192
]
} |
we have investigated the molecular organization of alpha satellite dna on individual human chromosomes by filter hybridization and in situ hybridization analysis of human dna and dna from rodent/human somatic cell hybrids , each containing only a single human chromosome . | NA | {
"id": "C0012934",
"name": "satellite dna",
"pos": [
57,
70
]
} | {
"id": "C0012854",
"name": "dna",
"pos": [
179,
182
]
} |
the results suggest that some , and perhaps many , human chromosomes are characterized by a specific organization of alpha satellite dna at their centromeres and that , under appropriate experimental conditions , cloned representatives of alpha satellite subfamilies may serve as a new class of chromosome-specific dna markers . | NA | {
"id": "C0012934",
"name": "satellite dna",
"pos": [
123,
136
]
} | {
"id": "C0012854",
"name": "dna",
"pos": [
315,
318
]
} |
contrary to this general rule , a normal female was found to have a giant satellite on the short arm of a chromosome 22 in most lymphocytes and fibroblasts , but in other cells , it was attached to a chromosome 21 . | NA | {
"id": "C0016030",
"name": "fibroblasts",
"pos": [
144,
155
]
} | {
"id": "C0007634",
"name": "cells",
"pos": [
171,
176
]
} |
experience with imipenem/cilastatin and that reported for cefotaxime , ceftazidime , and ceftizoxime in the treatment of biopsy-proved osteomyelitis was compared , using data from published reports from five centers . | NA | {
"id": "C0007554",
"name": "cefotaxime",
"pos": [
58,
68
]
} | {
"id": "C0007560",
"name": "ceftizoxime",
"pos": [
89,
100
]
} |
two hundred forty-three patients were evaluable : 34 were treated with imipenem/cilastatin , 84 with cefotaxime , 122 with ceftazidime , and 33 with ceftizoxime . | NA | {
"id": "C0007554",
"name": "cefotaxime",
"pos": [
101,
111
]
} | {
"id": "C0007560",
"name": "ceftizoxime",
"pos": [
149,
160
]
} |
imipenem ( n-formimidoyl thienamycin , mk0787 ) , a new carbapenem was found to have the widest antimicrobial activity of currently available beta-lactam drugs . | NA | {
"id": "C0006968",
"name": "carbapenem",
"pos": [
56,
66
]
} | {
"id": "C0282215",
"name": "beta-lactam",
"pos": [
142,
153
]
} |
imipenem-resistant strains were rarely found in clinical practice and bacteria resistant to newer beta-lactams and aminoglycosides were generally very susceptible to this new carbapenem . | NA | {
"id": "C0282215",
"name": "beta-lactams",
"pos": [
98,
110
]
} | {
"id": "C0006968",
"name": "carbapenem",
"pos": [
175,
185
]
} |
the discovery of streptomyces cattleya and its antibiotic product , thienamycin , has ushered in a new era of beta-lactam agents , the carbapenems . | NA | {
"id": "C0282215",
"name": "beta-lactam",
"pos": [
110,
121
]
} | {
"id": "C0006968",
"name": "carbapenems",
"pos": [
135,
146
]
} |
congenital heart defects associated with ectopia cordis may represent deformations secondary to mechanical distortion of the developing heart following early rupture of the chorion and/or yolk sac . | NA | {
"id": "C0018798",
"name": "congenital heart defects",
"pos": [
0,
24
]
} | {
"id": "C0013580",
"name": "ectopia cordis",
"pos": [
41,
55
]
} |
all fetuses with sonographic evidence of hydrops had a hemoglobin of 3.8 gm/dl or less , whereas all but one of those without hydrops had a hemoglobin greater than 4.0 gm/dl . | NA | {
"id": "C0020305",
"name": "fetuses",
"pos": [
4,
11
]
} | {
"id": "C0013604",
"name": "hydrops",
"pos": [
126,
133
]
} |
at large activations niti wires has a stiffness of only 7 % that of a comparable stainless steel wire , and at small activations 28 % of steel wire . | NA | {
"id": "C0038126",
"name": "stainless steel",
"pos": [
81,
96
]
} | {
"id": "C0038239",
"name": "steel",
"pos": [
137,
142
]
} |
epinephrine and norepinephrine exert many important actions by interacting with alpha 1- and alpha 2-adrenergic receptors in their target cells . | NA | {
"id": "C0014563",
"name": "epinephrine",
"pos": [
0,
11
]
} | {
"id": "C0028351",
"name": "norepinephrine",
"pos": [
16,
30
]
} |
the drugs edta , verapamil , methoxyverapamil , nisoldipine , lanthanum , propylmethylenedioxyindene , and ryanodine were infused on separate occasions in three or four increasing dose levels . | NA | {
"id": "C0042523",
"name": "verapamil",
"pos": [
17,
26
]
} | {
"id": "C0016986",
"name": "methoxyverapamil",
"pos": [
29,
45
]
} |
serum and prostatic membrane lipid fluidity was measured by a fluorescence polarization method using a lipid probe 1,6-diphenylhexatriene . | NA | {
"id": "C0025249",
"name": "membrane lipid",
"pos": [
20,
34
]
} | {
"id": "C0023779",
"name": "lipid",
"pos": [
103,
108
]
} |
gtp- , fluoride- , forskolin- , and mn2+-stimulated adenylate cyclase activities also decreased during development , suggesting a decrease of activity of the catalytic component and/or guanine nucleotide regulatory component of adenylate cyclase . | NA | {
"id": "C0018353",
"name": "gtp",
"pos": [
0,
3
]
} | {
"id": "C0018328",
"name": "guanine",
"pos": [
185,
192
]
} |
the average rate of absorption of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin d3 [ 1,25 ( oh ) 2d3 ] was two- and fivefold higher than that of 25-hydroxyvitamin d3 [ 25 ( oh ) d3 ] and vitamin d3 ( d3 ) , respectively . | NA | {
"id": "C0006657",
"name": "25-hydroxyvitamin d3",
"pos": [
121,
141
]
} | {
"id": "C2713074",
"name": "25 ( oh ) d3",
"pos": [
144,
156
]
} |
in the present study we partially purified calcium-activated , phospholipid-dependent protein kinase ( protein kinase c ) from pancreatic acinar cells of the guinea pig using diethylaminoethylcellulose and sephadex g-150 chromatography and characterized the dependence of the enzyme on calcium , phospholipids , diacylglycerol ( diolein ) , and the phorbol ester 12-o-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate ( tpa ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0031586",
"name": "phorbol ester",
"pos": [
349,
362
]
} | {
"id": "C0039654",
"name": "12-o-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate",
"pos": [
363,
399
]
} |
to assess directly the effect of increasing and decreasing peritubular protein concentration on active nacl absorption , rabbit proximal convoluted tubules were perfused with a high-chloride solution simulating late proximal tubular fluid and bathed in a similar solution containing 0 , 6 , or 10 g/dl albumin . | NA | {
"id": "C0037494",
"name": "nacl",
"pos": [
103,
107
]
} | {
"id": "C0008203",
"name": "chloride",
"pos": [
182,
190
]
} |
studies substituting sodium neutral phosphate or sodium bicarbonate for dietary sodium sulfate demonstrated greater increases in net acid excretion post-furosemide and , again , no increase in plasma bicarbonate concentration during this period . | NA | {
"id": "C0074722",
"name": "sodium bicarbonate",
"pos": [
49,
67
]
} | {
"id": "C0005367",
"name": "bicarbonate",
"pos": [
200,
211
]
} |
optical diffraction combined with image processing of negatively stained isolated rabbit heart gap junctions shows six protein subunits surrounding the cell-to-cell channel and suggestive ( but not conclusive ) evidence for protein connections between connexons . | NA | {
"id": "C0599220",
"name": "protein subunits",
"pos": [
119,
135
]
} | {
"id": "C0033684",
"name": "protein",
"pos": [
224,
231
]
} |
we found that the cop of human plasma , human albumin , bovine albumin , and wharton 's jelly from human umbilical cords increased linearly as ph increased over the range of 6.0-8.0 . | NA | {
"id": "C0304925",
"name": "human albumin",
"pos": [
40,
53
]
} | {
"id": "C0001924",
"name": "albumin",
"pos": [
63,
70
]
} |
rate of o2 consumption ( vo2 ) , intracellular po2 , lactate extraction , and tissue contents of phosphocreatine , creatine , atp , lactate , and pyruvate were measured during rest-work transitions in dog gracilis muscles . | NA | {
"id": "C0031634",
"name": "phosphocreatine",
"pos": [
97,
112
]
} | {
"id": "C0010286",
"name": "creatine",
"pos": [
115,
123
]
} |
apamin , a bee venom polypeptide , was recently reported to block specifically the ca2+-dependent k+ channels that are not blocked by tetraethylammonium chloride in muscle cells . | NA | {
"id": "C0003521",
"name": "apamin",
"pos": [
0,
6
]
} | {
"id": "C0004920",
"name": "bee venom",
"pos": [
11,
20
]
} |
for households with water sources containing greater than or equal to 100 mg/l na , drinking water accounted for approximately 8.5 per cent of total estimated consumption . | NA | {
"id": "C0043047",
"name": "water",
"pos": [
20,
25
]
} | {
"id": "C0599638",
"name": "drinking water",
"pos": [
84,
98
]
} |
the isoenzyme profiles of the colombian isolates were indistinguishable from each other and from panamanian leishmania braziliensis panamensis controls , but were distinct from an isolate of leishmania braziliensis guyanensis from brazil and three isolates from the leishmania mexicana complex for the enzyme phosphogluconate dehydrogenase . | NA | {
"id": "C0022173",
"name": "isoenzyme",
"pos": [
4,
13
]
} | {
"id": "C0014442",
"name": "enzyme",
"pos": [
302,
308
]
} |
midgut promastigotes were obtained from phlebotomus papatasi and lutzomyia longipalpis on days 3-7 after infection with cloned isolates of leishmania major and leishmania mexicana amazonensis , respectively , and examined as to their ability to initiate cutaneous infections in balb/c mice . | NA | {
"id": "C0009450",
"name": "infection",
"pos": [
105,
114
]
} | {
"id": "C0037278",
"name": "cutaneous infections",
"pos": [
254,
274
]
} |
basal plasma renin activity and epinephrine were elevated in both hypertensive and normotensive alcoholics , whereas plasma norepinephrine was normal . | NA | {
"id": "C0014563",
"name": "epinephrine",
"pos": [
32,
43
]
} | {
"id": "C0028351",
"name": "norepinephrine",
"pos": [
124,
138
]
} |
although ethanol-induced changes in membrane lipids have been implicated in both biophysical and biochemical studies , measurements of membrane lipids , such as cholesterol content , fatty acid unsaturation , phospholipid distribution , and ganglioside profiles , have not produced conclusive evidence that any of these parameters are directly involved in the action of ethanol . | NA | {
"id": "C0025249",
"name": "membrane",
"pos": [
36,
44
]
} | {
"id": "C0031676",
"name": "phospholipid",
"pos": [
209,
221
]
} |
in addition , another antigen ( ag 17 ) with no detectable enzymatic or lytic activity was identified as an important allergen . | NA | {
"id": "C0003320",
"name": "antigen",
"pos": [
22,
29
]
} | {
"id": "C0002092",
"name": "allergen",
"pos": [
118,
126
]
} |
this allergen is most likely identical to the previously described antigen 5 in vespid venoms . | NA | {
"id": "C0002092",
"name": "allergen",
"pos": [
5,
13
]
} | {
"id": "C0003320",
"name": "antigen",
"pos": [
67,
74
]
} |
crossed line immunoelectrophoresis ( clie ) was used to show that a minor allergen present in birch pollen and another present in timothy pollen shared common epitopes with antigens in apple , carrot and celery tuber . | NA | {
"id": "C0003316",
"name": "epitopes",
"pos": [
159,
167
]
} | {
"id": "C0003320",
"name": "antigens",
"pos": [
173,
181
]
} |
structural similarities were also noticed in some mugwort pollen antigens and antigens in apple , carrot and celery , but none of these mugwort antigens acted as an allergen . | NA | {
"id": "C0003320",
"name": "antigens",
"pos": [
65,
73
]
} | {
"id": "C0002092",
"name": "allergen",
"pos": [
165,
173
]
} |
a crie analysis of the crude mugwort pollen extract , performed with sera from 29 mugwort-allergic patients , showed that 10 antigens may be considered allergens ; | NA | {
"id": "C0003320",
"name": "antigens",
"pos": [
125,
133
]
} | {
"id": "C0002092",
"name": "allergens",
"pos": [
152,
161
]
} |
an interesting finding was that fibronectin bound to polystyrene plastic quickly and tightly and further treatment of plastic with denaturing agents did not remove or denature it once it was adsorbed . | NA | {
"id": "C0032604",
"name": "polystyrene",
"pos": [
53,
64
]
} | {
"id": "C0032167",
"name": "plastic",
"pos": [
118,
125
]
} |
retinol , alpha-tocopherol , alpha-carotene , beta-carotene , lycopene , zeaxanthin , and two other unidentified carotenoids can be clearly separated and quantified in one hplc run using alpha-tocopheryl acetate or tocol as the internal standard . | NA | {
"id": "C0969677",
"name": "alpha-tocopherol",
"pos": [
10,
26
]
} | {
"id": "C1999896",
"name": "alpha-tocopheryl acetate",
"pos": [
187,
211
]
} |
retinol , alpha-tocopherol , alpha-carotene , beta-carotene , lycopene , zeaxanthin , and two other unidentified carotenoids can be clearly separated and quantified in one hplc run using alpha-tocopheryl acetate or tocol as the internal standard . | NA | {
"id": "C0053396",
"name": "beta-carotene",
"pos": [
46,
59
]
} | {
"id": "C0007271",
"name": "carotenoids",
"pos": [
113,
124
]
} |
glycosaminoglycans ( gag ) were isolated from rat renal glomerular basement membranes subjected to extraction with detergents , and were quantitatively analyzed using a recently described competitive binding assay that is specific for and sensitive to microgram amounts of chondroitin and heparan sulfate . | NA | {
"id": "C0017973",
"name": "glycosaminoglycans",
"pos": [
0,
18
]
} | {
"id": "C0008454",
"name": "chondroitin",
"pos": [
273,
284
]
} |
glycosaminoglycans ( gag ) were isolated from rat renal glomerular basement membranes subjected to extraction with detergents , and were quantitatively analyzed using a recently described competitive binding assay that is specific for and sensitive to microgram amounts of chondroitin and heparan sulfate . | NA | {
"id": "C0017973",
"name": "glycosaminoglycans",
"pos": [
0,
18
]
} | {
"id": "C0019143",
"name": "heparan sulfate",
"pos": [
289,
304
]
} |
chondroitin sulfate comprised approximately equal to 30 % of total gag , and all of the chondroitin sulfate but only 10 % of the heparan sulfate was extracted from the insoluble matrix by doc . | NA | {
"id": "C0017973",
"name": "gag",
"pos": [
67,
70
]
} | {
"id": "C0019143",
"name": "heparan sulfate",
"pos": [
129,
144
]
} |
the characteristic absorption spectra of aromatic amino acids between 240 and 310 nm were used to identify tryptophan , tyrosine , and phenylalanine-containing peptides . | NA | {
"id": "C0301713",
"name": "aromatic amino acids",
"pos": [
41,
61
]
} | {
"id": "C0041249",
"name": "tryptophan",
"pos": [
107,
117
]
} |
the characteristic absorption spectra of aromatic amino acids between 240 and 310 nm were used to identify tryptophan , tyrosine , and phenylalanine-containing peptides . | NA | {
"id": "C0301713",
"name": "aromatic amino acids",
"pos": [
41,
61
]
} | {
"id": "C0041485",
"name": "tyrosine",
"pos": [
120,
128
]
} |
the characteristic absorption spectra of aromatic amino acids between 240 and 310 nm were used to identify tryptophan , tyrosine , and phenylalanine-containing peptides . | NA | {
"id": "C0301713",
"name": "aromatic amino acids",
"pos": [
41,
61
]
} | {
"id": "C0031453",
"name": "phenylalanine",
"pos": [
135,
148
]
} |
light emission is enhanced by up to 1000-fold , which is an improvement over the enhancement previously observed using firefly luciferin ( 4,5-dihydro-2- ( 6-hydroxy-2-benzothiazolyl ) thiazole-4-carboxylic acid ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0524629",
"name": "firefly luciferin",
"pos": [
119,
136
]
} | {
"id": "C0039859",
"name": "thiazole",
"pos": [
185,
193
]
} |
sertoli cells co-cultured with other fibroblasts or in medium pre-conditioned with peritubular cells but not containing them stained minimally for ldh and est . and did not generate reaction product for any of the other enzymes . | NA | {
"id": "C0016030",
"name": "fibroblasts",
"pos": [
37,
48
]
} | {
"id": "C0007634",
"name": "cells",
"pos": [
95,
100
]
} |
the effects of intravenously administered fentanyl ( 25 micrograms/kg , n = 9 ; 50 micrograms/kg , n = 5 ) and alfentanil ( 12.5 micrograms/kg , n = 5 ; 25 micrograms/kg , n = 7 ) on the noxiously evoked , single-unit activity of cells in the nucleus reticularis gigantocellularis ( nrgc ) were studied in decerebrate cats . | NA | {
"id": "C0015846",
"name": "fentanyl",
"pos": [
42,
50
]
} | {
"id": "C0002026",
"name": "alfentanil",
"pos": [
111,
121
]
} |
the noxiously evoked activity of all cells in the nrgc was suppressed by the administration of opioids ( by 58 and 88 % for fentanyl , 25 micrograms/kg and 50 micrograms/kg , respectively ; by 35 and 78 % for alfentanil 12.5 micrograms/kg and 25 micrograms/kg , respectively ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0015846",
"name": "fentanyl",
"pos": [
124,
132
]
} | {
"id": "C0002026",
"name": "alfentanil",
"pos": [
209,
219
]
} |
change from cmv to cmv + peep in group 1 also produced increases in plasma adh from 4.6 +/- 2.4 to 10.2 +/- 7 pg/ml ( p less than 0.01 ) and renin from 1.8 +/- 1.0 to 4.7 +/- 1.6 ng x ml-1 x h-1 ( p less than 0.01 ) , epinephrine from 133 +/- 23 to 1,060 +/- 636 pg/ml ( p less than 0.03 ) and norepinephrine from 46 +/- 15 to 1,427 +/- 839 pg/ml ( p less than 0.03 ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0014563",
"name": "epinephrine",
"pos": [
218,
229
]
} | {
"id": "C0028351",
"name": "norepinephrine",
"pos": [
294,
308
]
} |
a dna hybridization technique was developed to detect the presence of pseudorabies virus ( prv ) dna . | NA | {
"id": "C0000702",
"name": "a dna",
"pos": [
0,
5
]
} | {
"id": "C0012854",
"name": "dna",
"pos": [
97,
100
]
} |
in addition to ocular findings , the patient had multiple skeletal , auditory , and cardiac anomalies , including tetralogy of fallot in a relationship previously unreported . | NA | {
"id": "C0018798",
"name": "cardiac anomalies",
"pos": [
84,
101
]
} | {
"id": "C0039685",
"name": "tetralogy of fallot",
"pos": [
114,
133
]
} |
we conclude that layered closure of a paramedian incision results in a lower incidence of incisional hernias than mass closure of a midline incision and that many hernias are not discovered until years after operation . | NA | {
"id": "C0267716",
"name": "incisional hernias",
"pos": [
90,
108
]
} | {
"id": "C0019270",
"name": "hernias",
"pos": [
163,
170
]
} |
the concept of labile hypertension ( also called borderline hypertension ) has been proposed to define those patients in whom blood pressure is sometimes below , sometimes above the frontier which separates normal and high blood pressure . | NA | {
"id": "C0262534",
"name": "labile hypertension",
"pos": [
15,
34
]
} | {
"id": "C0020538",
"name": "high blood",
"pos": [
218,
228
]
} |
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