text stringlengths 57 1.72k | relation stringclasses 125
values | h dict | t dict |
|---|---|---|---|
ng108-15 cells were pretreated with the opioid peptide [ d-ala2 , d-leu5 ] enkephalin and the opioid-dependent low km gtpase was assayed in membranes . | NA | {
"id": "C0205753",
"name": "opioid peptide",
"pos": [
40,
54
]
} | {
"id": "C0014298",
"name": "enkephalin",
"pos": [
75,
85
]
} |
the phorbol ester 12-o-tetradecanoyl phorbol-13-acetate ( tpa ) directly activated c-kinase , leading to increased phosphorylation of the same substrates . | NA | {
"id": "C0031586",
"name": "phorbol ester",
"pos": [
4,
17
]
} | {
"id": "C0039654",
"name": "12-o-tetradecanoyl phorbol-13-acetate",
"pos": [
18,
55
]
} |
gdp and guanylyl imidodiphosphate are potent competitors of gtp binding ( respectively 5- and 10-fold worse than gtp ) while gmp , cgmp and several adenine nucleotides are ineffective up to 1 mm . | NA | {
"id": "C0018366",
"name": "guanylyl imidodiphosphate",
"pos": [
8,
33
]
} | {
"id": "C0018353",
"name": "gtp",
"pos": [
113,
116
]
} |
the activity of manganese superoxide dismutase ( mnsod ) revealed by specific staining after gel electrophoresis of cell extracts , is decreased in human fibroblasts transformed by sv40 . | NA | {
"id": "C0007634",
"name": "cell",
"pos": [
116,
120
]
} | {
"id": "C0016030",
"name": "fibroblasts",
"pos": [
154,
165
]
} |
a significant stimulation of amylase secretion from isolated pure acinar cells was produced by octapeptide of cholecystokinin ( cck8 ) and insulin produced potentiation of the effect of cck8 . | NA | {
"id": "C0037167",
"name": "octapeptide",
"pos": [
95,
106
]
} | {
"id": "C0008328",
"name": "cck8",
"pos": [
186,
190
]
} |
thus , tryptase , which has previously been shown to lack kallikrein and kininase activities , neither activates nor destroys prekallikrein . | NA | {
"id": "C0022478",
"name": "kallikrein",
"pos": [
58,
68
]
} | {
"id": "C0033024",
"name": "prekallikrein",
"pos": [
126,
139
]
} |
azelaic acid ( c9- -dicarboxylic acid ) is a competitive inhibitor of tyrosinase and some oxidoreductase in vitro , and in vivo has a beneficial effect on lentigo maligna and malignant melanoma . | NA | {
"id": "C0149722",
"name": "lentigo",
"pos": [
155,
162
]
} | {
"id": "C0025202",
"name": "malignant melanoma",
"pos": [
175,
193
]
} |
the experiments on cellular incorporation of ( 1-9 14c ) azelaic acid showed that the radiocarbon uptake was two to three times higher for lymphoma- and leukemia-derived cell lines than for lymphocytes , either resting or stimulated , or 3t3 fibroblasts . | NA | {
"id": "C0007634",
"name": "cellular",
"pos": [
19,
27
]
} | {
"id": "C0016030",
"name": "fibroblasts",
"pos": [
242,
253
]
} |
among the anions tested ( cl- , br- , f- , hco3- , i- , scn- , no3- ) , ea highly sensitive mg2+-atpase activity was stimulated significantly by cl- and reduced by no3- . | NA | {
"id": "C0003075",
"name": "anions",
"pos": [
10,
16
]
} | {
"id": "C0016327",
"name": "f",
"pos": [
133,
134
]
} |
among the anions tested ( cl- , br- , f- , hco3- , i- , scn- , no3- ) , ea highly sensitive mg2+-atpase activity was stimulated significantly by cl- and reduced by no3- . | NA | {
"id": "C0003075",
"name": "anions",
"pos": [
10,
16
]
} | {
"id": "C0021966",
"name": "i",
"pos": [
134,
135
]
} |
probenecid may have a broad capacity for inhibiting anion transport processes since it also reduced sulfate influx and efflux via the general anion carrier system . | NA | {
"id": "C0038720",
"name": "sulfate",
"pos": [
100,
107
]
} | {
"id": "C0003075",
"name": "anion",
"pos": [
142,
147
]
} |
selective inhibition of hchs-e1 by naf , hgcl2 and p-chloromercuribenzoate and that of hchs-e2 by niso4 indicated the possible existence of different enzymes or isozymes of a carboxylesterase catalyzing hchs hydrolysis . | NA | {
"id": "C0014442",
"name": "enzymes",
"pos": [
150,
157
]
} | {
"id": "C0022173",
"name": "isozymes",
"pos": [
161,
169
]
} |
bactericidal activity of the cells was more sensitive to peroxide treatment and even at low concentrations h2o2 induced some inhibition ( 12.2 % ) of neutrophils ' capacity to kill e. coli . | NA | {
"id": "C0031180",
"name": "peroxide",
"pos": [
57,
65
]
} | {
"id": "C0020281",
"name": "h2o2",
"pos": [
107,
111
]
} |
the h2o2/o-2 molar ratio of peroxide-treated cells was elevated by up to 26.7 % and this was followed closely by the reduction in the intracellular levels of reduced glutathione ( gsh ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0020281",
"name": "h2o2",
"pos": [
4,
8
]
} | {
"id": "C0031180",
"name": "peroxide",
"pos": [
28,
36
]
} |
dispersed adrenal cells were challenged with the cortisol precursor steroids ( all at 10 ( -5 ) moles/l ) pregnenolone ( pe ) , 17 alpha hydroxypregnenolone ( 17-oh pe ) , 17 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone ( 17-po ) , and 11 deoxycortisol or 1-24 acth ( 100 ng/1 ) in the absence and presence of increasing concentrations of ca ( 10 ( -5 ) to 10 ( -4 ) moles/l ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0373704",
"name": "pregnenolone",
"pos": [
106,
118
]
} | {
"id": "C0376260",
"name": "17-oh",
"pos": [
159,
164
]
} |
ca ( 10 ( -5 ) moles/l ) had no significant effect on steroid-stimulated cortisol production when the delta 4 , 3 ketosteroids 17-oh po and 11-deoxycortisol were used , but depressed secretion by greater than 61 % ( p less than 0.001 ) when the delta 5 3 beta hydroxysteroids ( pe , 17-oh pe ) were employed . | NA | {
"id": "C0038317",
"name": "steroid",
"pos": [
54,
61
]
} | {
"id": "C0020393",
"name": "hydroxysteroids",
"pos": [
260,
275
]
} |
ca ( 10 ( -5 ) moles/l ) had no significant effect on steroid-stimulated cortisol production when the delta 4 , 3 ketosteroids 17-oh po and 11-deoxycortisol were used , but depressed secretion by greater than 61 % ( p less than 0.001 ) when the delta 5 3 beta hydroxysteroids ( pe , 17-oh pe ) were employed . | NA | {
"id": "C0373704",
"name": "pe",
"pos": [
278,
280
]
} | {
"id": "C0376260",
"name": "17-oh pe",
"pos": [
283,
291
]
} |
substantial enhancement of both aerobic and hypoxic toxicity of the 2-nitroimidazole , misonidazole is observed in thiol-depleted cells ; | NA | {
"id": "C0028179",
"name": "nitroimidazole",
"pos": [
70,
84
]
} | {
"id": "C0026218",
"name": "misonidazole",
"pos": [
87,
99
]
} |
l- [ 35s ] cystine-labeled fibroblasts exposed to wr-1065 exhibited new compounds not seen when cells were incubated without wr-1065 : wr-1065-cysteine , cysteamine-cysteine and cysteamine-glutathione mixed disulfides . | NA | {
"id": "C0016030",
"name": "fibroblasts",
"pos": [
27,
38
]
} | {
"id": "C0007634",
"name": "cells",
"pos": [
96,
101
]
} |
interdependency of conformational states of neighbouring disaccharide units in the oligosaccharides has been investigated and conformational distribution of tetrasaccharides in solution calculated . | NA | {
"id": "C0012611",
"name": "disaccharide",
"pos": [
57,
69
]
} | {
"id": "C0028959",
"name": "oligosaccharides",
"pos": [
83,
99
]
} |
utilization patterns were similar for 8 of the nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs , with differing patterns seen for mefenamic acid , oxyphenbutazone , phenylbutazone , and zomepirac . | NA | {
"id": "C0030078",
"name": "oxyphenbutazone",
"pos": [
135,
150
]
} | {
"id": "C0031463",
"name": "phenylbutazone",
"pos": [
153,
167
]
} |
we conclude that the lack of apolipoprotein h does not result in a significant perturbation of normal lipoprotein metabolism as reflected by analysis of fasting plasma lipoproteins . | NA | {
"id": "C0065058",
"name": "a",
"pos": [
14,
15
]
} | {
"id": "C0023820",
"name": "lipoproteins",
"pos": [
168,
180
]
} |
fish oil rich in 20:5 and 22:6 omega 3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids and low in cholesterol appears to have advantages in terms of reducing those parameters identified as risk factors for coronary heart disease in man . | NA | {
"id": "C0016157",
"name": "fish oil",
"pos": [
0,
8
]
} | {
"id": "C0015689",
"name": "omega 3",
"pos": [
31,
38
]
} |
after adjustments of apolipoproteins for serum triglyceride , cad patients had significantly higher apo b and lower apo a-i and a-ii levels than the controls . | NA | {
"id": "C0003591",
"name": "apolipoproteins",
"pos": [
21,
36
]
} | {
"id": "C0003593",
"name": "apo b",
"pos": [
100,
105
]
} |
thirty-nine ( 83 % ) were for penetrating trauma , of which 31 ( 66 % ) were for gunshot wounds and eight ( 17 % ) were for stab wounds . | NA | {
"id": "C0043254",
"name": "penetrating trauma",
"pos": [
30,
48
]
} | {
"id": "C0043252",
"name": "gunshot wounds",
"pos": [
81,
95
]
} |
thirty-nine ( 83 % ) were for penetrating trauma , of which 31 ( 66 % ) were for gunshot wounds and eight ( 17 % ) were for stab wounds . | NA | {
"id": "C0043254",
"name": "penetrating trauma",
"pos": [
30,
48
]
} | {
"id": "C0043255",
"name": "stab wounds",
"pos": [
124,
135
]
} |
the glycolytic enzymes glucokinase and pyruvate kinase l ( differentiated from the m2 isoenzyme with a specific anti-l-antibody ) were lowered to 50 % and 75 % , respectively . | NA | {
"id": "C0014442",
"name": "enzymes",
"pos": [
15,
22
]
} | {
"id": "C0022173",
"name": "isoenzyme",
"pos": [
86,
95
]
} |
in contrast to some adult avian hemoglobins already investigated , blue-and-yellow macaw hemoglobin is homogenous and contains only one component : hba . | NA | {
"id": "C0019046",
"name": "hemoglobin",
"pos": [
32,
42
]
} | {
"id": "C0019016",
"name": "hba",
"pos": [
148,
151
]
} |
the role of vitamin a and its analogs ( retinoids ) in the prevention and therapy of neoplastic diseases is discussed . | NA | {
"id": "C0042839",
"name": "vitamin a",
"pos": [
12,
21
]
} | {
"id": "C0035339",
"name": "retinoids",
"pos": [
40,
49
]
} |
in glioblastoma multiforme , after bbb opening , fluorescein sodium perfusion was increased with the enlargement of the venules and extravasation of fluorescein sodium was also observed from venules by the late venous phase of fluorescein microangiography . | NA | {
"id": "C0147866",
"name": "fluorescein",
"pos": [
49,
60
]
} | {
"id": "C0060520",
"name": "fluorescein",
"pos": [
227,
238
]
} |
our subjects consisted of 10 cases of glioma ( 8 astrocytoma , 2 ependymoma ) , 2 cases of meningioma , one of teratoma , one of hemangioblastoma and 4 of metastatic brain tumor . | NA | {
"id": "C0017638",
"name": "glioma",
"pos": [
38,
44
]
} | {
"id": "C0014474",
"name": "ependymoma",
"pos": [
65,
75
]
} |
the patients were randomly allocated to receive either high-dose alfentanil anaesthesia ( 150 micrograms kg-1 initially , followed by continuous infusion at a rate of 3 micrograms kg-1 min-1 ) or neurolept anaesthesia ( droperidol 0.25 mg kg-1 plus fentanyl 5 micrograms kg-1 initially , followed by intermittent incremental doses of fentanyl 50 micrograms ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0002026",
"name": "alfentanil",
"pos": [
65,
75
]
} | {
"id": "C0015846",
"name": "fentanyl",
"pos": [
334,
342
]
} |
the antagonism of methoxamine-evoked mydriasis is likely to reflect the blockade of postsynaptic alpha 1-adrenoceptors in the iris by the antidepressants , whereas the antagonism of tyramine-evoked mydriasis may reflect both the blockade of uptake of tyramine into presynaptic adrenergic terminals and the blockade of postsynaptic alpha-adrenoceptors . | NA | {
"id": "C0001638",
"name": "alpha 1-adrenoceptors",
"pos": [
97,
118
]
} | {
"id": "C0034784",
"name": "alpha-adrenoceptors",
"pos": [
331,
350
]
} |
the in vitro conversion of enalapril ( mk421 ) to enalaprilic acid ( mk422 ) in human autopsy tissues was examined . | NA | {
"id": "C0014025",
"name": "enalapril",
"pos": [
27,
36
]
} | {
"id": "C0014027",
"name": "enalaprilic acid",
"pos": [
50,
66
]
} |
the cell hybrids were derived from the fusion of a hela derivative ( d98 ah2 ) and normal human fibroblasts . | NA | {
"id": "C0007634",
"name": "cell",
"pos": [
4,
8
]
} | {
"id": "C0016030",
"name": "fibroblasts",
"pos": [
96,
107
]
} |
the effect of various retinoids ( retinol , all-trans-retinoic acid , etretinate , 13-cis-retinoic acid and an arotinoid , ro-13-6298 ) on cultured human epidermal cells has been investigated . | NA | {
"id": "C0035339",
"name": "retinoids",
"pos": [
22,
31
]
} | {
"id": "C0022265",
"name": "13-cis-retinoic acid",
"pos": [
83,
103
]
} |
generalized racemose livedo with cerebrovascular lesions ( sneddon syndrome ) : an occlusive arteriolopathy due to proliferation and migration of medial smooth muscle cells . | NA | {
"id": "C0007820",
"name": "cerebrovascular lesions",
"pos": [
33,
56
]
} | {
"id": "C0282492",
"name": "sneddon syndrome",
"pos": [
59,
75
]
} |
anti ebv antibody concentrations were measured over a period of 9 months to 6 years , demonstrating persistently increased concentrations of igg antibodies to viral capsid antigen ( vca ) and against early antigen ( ea ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0003342",
"name": "viral",
"pos": [
159,
164
]
} | {
"id": "C0003320",
"name": "antigen",
"pos": [
206,
213
]
} |
in comparison to refractory anaemia with excess of blasts ( raeb ) , cmml and raeb in transformation ( raebt ) , patients with ra and aisa had a lower incidence of evolution to aml ( 11 % versus 56 % ) , but a higher mortality rate from infections and/or bleeding ( 59.2 % versus 29 % ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0002894",
"name": "raeb",
"pos": [
60,
64
]
} | {
"id": "C0002893",
"name": "ra",
"pos": [
227,
229
]
} |
alip negative cases were only found among patients with ra and aisa , whereas alip positivity was observed in all cases of raeb and raebt , in 10/11 patients with cmml and in almost half the cases of ra and aisa . | NA | {
"id": "C0002894",
"name": "of raeb",
"pos": [
120,
127
]
} | {
"id": "C0002893",
"name": "ra",
"pos": [
200,
202
]
} |
binding to non-lymphoid leukaemia cells ( aml , amml , amol , apl , ael and cgl in blast crisis ) was weaker or undetectable . | NA | {
"id": "C0023470",
"name": "non-lymphoid leukaemia",
"pos": [
11,
33
]
} | {
"id": "C0023479",
"name": "amml",
"pos": [
48,
52
]
} |
binding to non-lymphoid leukaemia cells ( aml , amml , amol , apl , ael and cgl in blast crisis ) was weaker or undetectable . | NA | {
"id": "C0023470",
"name": "non-lymphoid leukaemia",
"pos": [
11,
33
]
} | {
"id": "C0023473",
"name": "cgl",
"pos": [
76,
79
]
} |
it is concluded that there is neither systematic association between the haemochromatosis allele and irsa nor systematic implication of such an allele in the development of iron overload observed in irsa . | NA | {
"id": "C0018995",
"name": "haemochromatosis",
"pos": [
73,
89
]
} | {
"id": "C0282193",
"name": "iron overload",
"pos": [
173,
186
]
} |
the responses of blood pressure , pulse rate , plasma noradrenaline and adrenaline to a change in posture from semi-recumbency to standing were assessed in six normotensive women at 36 weeks gestation and in six non-pregnant control subjects . | NA | {
"id": "C0028351",
"name": "noradrenaline",
"pos": [
54,
67
]
} | {
"id": "C0014563",
"name": "adrenaline",
"pos": [
72,
82
]
} |
maternal catecholamines were significantly ( p less than 0.01 ) reduced by epidural analgesia with a 36 % reduction in noradrenaline and a 33 % reduction in adrenaline . | NA | {
"id": "C0028351",
"name": "noradrenaline",
"pos": [
119,
132
]
} | {
"id": "C0014563",
"name": "adrenaline",
"pos": [
157,
167
]
} |
fetal catecholamines were elevated at birth with a 3-8 fold increase in noradrenaline but not adrenaline during spontaneous vaginal delivery . | NA | {
"id": "C0028351",
"name": "noradrenaline",
"pos": [
72,
85
]
} | {
"id": "C0014563",
"name": "adrenaline",
"pos": [
94,
104
]
} |
significantly more patients with anterior and diffuse uveitis had corneal epithelium antibodies than did those with posterior uveitis . | NA | {
"id": "C0030343",
"name": "diffuse uveitis",
"pos": [
46,
61
]
} | {
"id": "C0042167",
"name": "posterior uveitis",
"pos": [
116,
133
]
} |
the ph dependence of the kinetic isotope effect reflects the pka of the pyridine nitrogen of the coenzyme pyridoxal 5'-phosphate but not that of the imine nitrogen . | NA | {
"id": "C0009235",
"name": "coenzyme",
"pos": [
97,
105
]
} | {
"id": "C0034266",
"name": "pyridoxal 5",
"pos": [
106,
117
]
} |
the number of binding sites per phospholipid molecule ( n ) and the apparent association constant ( kapp ) where k = nkapp , were determined at several temperatures for adriamycin , daunomycin , and carminomycin . | NA | {
"id": "C0011015",
"name": "daunomycin",
"pos": [
182,
192
]
} | {
"id": "C0007308",
"name": "carminomycin",
"pos": [
199,
211
]
} |
incubation of the neutral metalloendopeptidase thermolysin at ph 9-10 in the presence of 10 mm cacl2 for 2 days at room temperature with subtilisin at a 50:1 molar ratio leads to a derivative possessing lower ( approximately 3 % ) but intrinsic catalytic activity . | NA | {
"id": "C1442934",
"name": "metalloendopeptidase",
"pos": [
26,
46
]
} | {
"id": "C0039815",
"name": "thermolysin",
"pos": [
47,
58
]
} |
the pathway for membrane phospholipid fatty acid turnover in situ may be important in the regulation of the composition and turnover of the lipid microenvironment of membrane proteins . | NA | {
"id": "C0031676",
"name": "phospholipid",
"pos": [
25,
37
]
} | {
"id": "C0025249",
"name": "lipid",
"pos": [
140,
145
]
} |
specific , high affinity binding of the stable adenosine analogs 2-chloro [ 3h ] adenosine ( 2-clado ) and [ 3h ] adenosine 5'-n-ethylcarboxamide ( neca ) to atrial sarcolemmal membranes was measured in kinetic and equilibrium studies at 4 degrees c and 35 degrees c . | NA | {
"id": "C0001443",
"name": "adenosine",
"pos": [
47,
56
]
} | {
"id": "C0050789",
"name": "adenosine",
"pos": [
114,
123
]
} |
a high-affinity calcium-dependent atpase ( ca2+-atpase ) was identified in a crude plasma membrane fraction from entamoeba invadens ( ip-1 strain ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0001473",
"name": "atpase",
"pos": [
34,
40
]
} | {
"id": "C0001476",
"name": "ca2",
"pos": [
43,
46
]
} |
the 5-hydroxytryptamine transport by the reserpine-sensitive system was strongly inhibited by other biogenic amines , like norepinephrine , epinephrine and dopamine , whereas that by the imipramine-sensitive system was not . | NA | {
"id": "C0028351",
"name": "norepinephrine",
"pos": [
123,
137
]
} | {
"id": "C0014563",
"name": "epinephrine",
"pos": [
140,
151
]
} |
other sugars also exhibited similar protective effects where trehalose was most effective , followed by sucrose , maltose , glucose and lactose . | NA | {
"id": "C0242209",
"name": "sugars",
"pos": [
6,
12
]
} | {
"id": "C0038636",
"name": "sucrose",
"pos": [
104,
111
]
} |
as partial rnaase digestion of the trna-16 s rna complex produced labeled fragments from both 5 ' and 3 ' segments of the rrna , there appeared to be more than one site of cross-linking in the 30 s subunit . | NA | {
"id": "C0035668",
"name": "rna",
"pos": [
11,
14
]
} | {
"id": "C0035701",
"name": "rrna",
"pos": [
122,
126
]
} |
comparison of the inhibitory effects of tetaine indicates that the antibiotic at 0.03-0.1 mm is a selective inhibitor of cellular dna biosynthesis and , at higher concentration , of dna and rna biosynthesis . | NA | {
"id": "C0000702",
"name": "a",
"pos": [
4,
5
]
} | {
"id": "C0012854",
"name": "dna",
"pos": [
182,
185
]
} |
in the temperature range -16 to +8 degrees c , the modified enzyme-nadh complex , when mixed with 1 mm pyruvate , is converted to enzyme , nad+ and lactate at two distinctly different rates . | NA | {
"id": "C0026741",
"name": "enzyme",
"pos": [
60,
66
]
} | {
"id": "C0014442",
"name": "enzyme",
"pos": [
130,
136
]
} |
when whole plasma was first submitted to gel filtration and the apolipoprotein e-containing lipoproteins of either intermediate- or of high-density lipoprotein ( hdl ) size were subsequently bound to anti-apolipoprotein e columns , the bound eluted fractions maintained their size and physical properties as shown by electron microscopy and by rechromatography on columns of 4 % agarose . | NA | {
"id": "C0003595",
"name": "apolipoprotein e",
"pos": [
64,
80
]
} | {
"id": "C0003591",
"name": "apolipoprotein",
"pos": [
205,
219
]
} |
the plasma specific activity time curves of the apolipoprotein b in vldl , intermediate-density ( idl ) and low-density ( ldl ) lipoproteins demonstrated rates of decay and precursor-product relationships similar to those obtained after injection of whole labeled vldl , supporting the metabolic integrity of vldl isolated by immunoaffinity chromatography . | NA | {
"id": "C0023820",
"name": "lipoproteins",
"pos": [
128,
140
]
} | {
"id": "C0023825",
"name": "vldl",
"pos": [
309,
313
]
} |
studies have been performed to determine the proportion of the esterified cholesterol in high-density lipoproteins ( hdl ) , low-density lipoproteins ( ldl ) and very-low-density lipoproteins ( vldl ) that is attributable to a direct action of lecithin : cholesterol acyltransferase on each lipoprotein fraction . | NA | {
"id": "C0023825",
"name": "very-low-density lipoproteins",
"pos": [
162,
191
]
} | {
"id": "C0023820",
"name": "lipoprotein",
"pos": [
291,
302
]
} |
we observed that as the apolipoprotein a-ii to apolipoprotein a-ii ratio decreased , the ability of the hybrid particles to stimulate granulosa cell progestin ( progesterone and 20 alpha-dihydroprogesterone ) production diminished . | NA | {
"id": "C0033308",
"name": "progesterone",
"pos": [
161,
173
]
} | {
"id": "C0012311",
"name": "20",
"pos": [
178,
180
]
} |
the primary site of tsh binding on the hdl particle is likely to be located on its protein moieties , since other lipoprotein classes , which share similar lipids with hdl , do not bind tsh . | NA | {
"id": "C0023820",
"name": "lipoprotein",
"pos": [
114,
125
]
} | {
"id": "C0023779",
"name": "lipids",
"pos": [
156,
162
]
} |
gangliosides gm3 and gd3 were most abundant , but gd1a , gd1b , gt1b and 3'-lm1 were also present in quantities greater than 5 % of the total gangliosides . | NA | {
"id": "C0016897",
"name": "gangliosides gm3",
"pos": [
0,
16
]
} | {
"id": "C0017082",
"name": "gangliosides",
"pos": [
142,
154
]
} |
this subject also had lower levels of apolipoproteins : apolipoprotein a-i was 53 mg/dl ( 42 % of normal ) , apolipoprotein a-ii was 10.6 mg/dl ( 31 % of normal ) , apolipoprotein b was 68 mg/dl ( 68 % of normal ) , and apolipoprotein d was 3.6 mg/dl ( 60 % of normal ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0003591",
"name": "apolipoproteins",
"pos": [
38,
53
]
} | {
"id": "C0003593",
"name": "apolipoprotein b",
"pos": [
165,
181
]
} |
this subject also had lower levels of apolipoproteins : apolipoprotein a-i was 53 mg/dl ( 42 % of normal ) , apolipoprotein a-ii was 10.6 mg/dl ( 31 % of normal ) , apolipoprotein b was 68 mg/dl ( 68 % of normal ) , and apolipoprotein d was 3.6 mg/dl ( 60 % of normal ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0003591",
"name": "apolipoproteins",
"pos": [
38,
53
]
} | {
"id": "C0052193",
"name": "apolipoprotein d",
"pos": [
220,
236
]
} |
from this result we concluded that the diacylglycerols , synthesized in vitro from glycerol 3-phosphate over an incubation period of 20 min , constitute a separate substrate pool for the biosynthesis of phosphatidylcholine , and are not mixed with the endogenous diacylglycerol pool . | NA | {
"id": "C0012262",
"name": "diacylglycerols",
"pos": [
39,
54
]
} | {
"id": "C0043791",
"name": "diacylglycerol",
"pos": [
263,
277
]
} |
rac-1- [ 1-14c ] lauroyl-2-oleylglycero-3-phospho [ methyl-3h ] choline and rac-1-lauroyl-2- [ 1-14c ] oleoylglycero-3-phospho [ methyl-3h ] choline along with rac-1-palmitoyl-2-oleylglycero-3-phosphocholine and sn-1-palmitoyl-2-oleylglycero-3-phosphocholine were synthesized and subjected to hydrolysis with phospholipase c ( ec 3.1.4.3 ) from clostridium perfringens and phospholipase d ( ec 3.1.4.4 ) from cabbage . | NA | {
"id": "C0008405",
"name": "choline",
"pos": [
64,
71
]
} | {
"id": "C0031716",
"name": "phosphocholine",
"pos": [
244,
258
]
} |
kinetics of hydrolysis of the radioactive substrates were determined by measuring the 3h radioactivity retained in the aqueous phase due to free choline and phosphocholine and the 3h and 14c radioactivity recovered in the organic phase due to the released diacylglycerols and phosphatidic acids and the residual phosphatidylcholines . | NA | {
"id": "C0008405",
"name": "choline",
"pos": [
145,
152
]
} | {
"id": "C0031716",
"name": "phosphocholine",
"pos": [
157,
171
]
} |
the effects of atp , zinc ion , or magnesium ion upon choline accumulation were not mediated by changes in the rates of utilization of choline for formation of phosphocholine or phosphatidylcholine . | NA | {
"id": "C0008405",
"name": "choline",
"pos": [
54,
61
]
} | {
"id": "C0031716",
"name": "phosphocholine",
"pos": [
160,
174
]
} |
both enzymes , however , exhibit strong affinity towards various other aldehydes such as glyceraldehyde , propionaldehyde , and pyridine-3-aldehyde . | NA | {
"id": "C0001992",
"name": "aldehydes",
"pos": [
71,
80
]
} | {
"id": "C0017854",
"name": "glyceraldehyde",
"pos": [
89,
103
]
} |
using a classical methodology of purification consisting of three chromatographic steps ( octyl-sepharose , deae-cellulose , cm-cellulose ) we have purified a new cytochrome p-450 from human liver microsomes . | NA | {
"id": "C0011050",
"name": "deae-cellulose",
"pos": [
108,
122
]
} | {
"id": "C0007648",
"name": "cellulose",
"pos": [
128,
137
]
} |
with anions , aggregation proceeded in the order cl- greater than br- greater than i- greater than clo4- greater than scn- . | NA | {
"id": "C0003075",
"name": "anions",
"pos": [
5,
11
]
} | {
"id": "C0021966",
"name": "i",
"pos": [
83,
84
]
} |
both daunomycin and nogalamycin dissociate more slowly from poly ( dg-dc ) than from poly ( da-dt ) but the difference is much more marked for nogalamycin . | NA | {
"id": "C0011015",
"name": "daunomycin",
"pos": [
5,
15
]
} | {
"id": "C0028261",
"name": "nogalamycin",
"pos": [
143,
154
]
} |
it is concluded that sequence selectivity is minimal or lacking for daunomycin , whereas nogalamycin binding is sequence dependent and probably involves migration of the antibiotic between dna binding sites . | NA | {
"id": "C0011015",
"name": "daunomycin",
"pos": [
68,
78
]
} | {
"id": "C0028261",
"name": "nogalamycin",
"pos": [
89,
100
]
} |
the coronary vasodilator adenosine can be formed in the heart by breakdown of amp or s-adenosylhomocysteine ( sadohcy ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0001443",
"name": "adenosine",
"pos": [
25,
34
]
} | {
"id": "C0036001",
"name": "by",
"pos": [
62,
64
]
} |
at in vitro conditions favoring near-maximal sadohcy synthesis ( 72 microm adenosine , 1.8 mm homocysteine ) , the synthesis rate in homogenates was 10 nmol/min per g wet weight . | NA | {
"id": "C0036001",
"name": "sadohcy",
"pos": [
45,
52
]
} | {
"id": "C0001443",
"name": "adenosine",
"pos": [
75,
84
]
} |
this alteration occurs without lowering the gtp-independent prostaglandin e1 activation , and is specific for inhibitory guanine nucleotides ( gdp beta s , gmp , gdp ) in the pretreatment . | NA | {
"id": "C0018353",
"name": "gtp",
"pos": [
44,
47
]
} | {
"id": "C0018328",
"name": "guanine nucleotides",
"pos": [
121,
140
]
} |
this alteration occurs without lowering the gtp-independent prostaglandin e1 activation , and is specific for inhibitory guanine nucleotides ( gdp beta s , gmp , gdp ) in the pretreatment . | NA | {
"id": "C0018328",
"name": "guanine nucleotides",
"pos": [
121,
140
]
} | {
"id": "C0018346",
"name": "gmp",
"pos": [
156,
159
]
} |
this alteration occurs without lowering the gtp-independent prostaglandin e1 activation , and is specific for inhibitory guanine nucleotides ( gdp beta s , gmp , gdp ) in the pretreatment . | NA | {
"id": "C0018328",
"name": "guanine nucleotides",
"pos": [
121,
140
]
} | {
"id": "C0018340",
"name": "gdp",
"pos": [
162,
165
]
} |
the insulin effect was specific as tested by cell incubation with proinsulin and desoctapeptide insulin ( 10 ( -8 ) mol/l ) and was detectable after 7 min of insulin preincubation . | NA | {
"id": "C0033362",
"name": "proinsulin",
"pos": [
66,
76
]
} | {
"id": "C0021641",
"name": "insulin",
"pos": [
158,
165
]
} |
on the other hand , somatomedin-like growth factors , such as multiplication-stimulating activity ( msa ) and cartilage-derived factor ( cdf ) , did not affect the size of proteoglycan i , while they markedly stimulated the synthesis of proteoglycan i . | NA | {
"id": "C0037657",
"name": "somatomedin",
"pos": [
20,
31
]
} | {
"id": "C0021666",
"name": "multiplication-stimulating activity",
"pos": [
62,
97
]
} |
the cell surface receptor of ldl in mouse preadipose cells shows similarities with that described for human fibroblasts , since : ( 1 ) the ldl binding initiated the process of internalization and degradation of the apoprotein b and apoprotein e-containing lipoproteins ; | NA | {
"id": "C0007634",
"name": "cells",
"pos": [
53,
58
]
} | {
"id": "C0016030",
"name": "fibroblasts",
"pos": [
108,
119
]
} |
we now show that capp1-calmodulin is a full agonist for glycogen synthase kinase and phosphorylase kinase . | NA | {
"id": "C0033640",
"name": "a",
"pos": [
14,
15
]
} | {
"id": "C0031713",
"name": "phosphorylase kinase",
"pos": [
85,
105
]
} |
the number of binding sites of the enzyme to the support can be determined , which would neutralize the antigen-stimulated effect of the support due to the screening of protein antigenic determinants . | NA | {
"id": "C0003320",
"name": "antigen",
"pos": [
104,
111
]
} | {
"id": "C0003316",
"name": "antigenic determinants",
"pos": [
177,
199
]
} |
hybridization of labeled low molecular weight ( lmw ) nuclear rna 's to pre-mrna from rabbit non-matured erythroid bone marrow cells or globin mrna from reticulocytes revealed three rna species having approximately 90 , 100 and 160 nucleotides which are were specifically hybridized with purified cytoplasmic globin messenger rna , while one ( 100 nucleotides ) was also hybridized with rabbit 18s rrna . | NA | {
"id": "C0035668",
"name": "rna",
"pos": [
62,
65
]
} | {
"id": "C0035701",
"name": "rrna",
"pos": [
398,
402
]
} |
study of [ 14c ] uridine incorporation into non-ribosomal nuclear rna of hepatoma cells showed a long-term presence of the label in the rna throughout the chase experiment . | NA | {
"id": "C0035701",
"name": "ribosomal",
"pos": [
48,
57
]
} | {
"id": "C0035668",
"name": "rna",
"pos": [
136,
139
]
} |
isosorbide 2,5-dinitrate and its pharmacologically active metabolites , isosorbide 2-nitrate and isosorbide 5-nitrate , in plasma accumulated to the predicted steady-state after five consecutive oral doses of sustained-release tablets containing 40 mg isosorbide dinitrate at 12-h intervals and after five consecutive oral doses of reference standard-release tablets containing 20 mg at 6-h intervals to 12 subjects in a crossover study . | NA | {
"id": "C0022251",
"name": "isosorbide",
"pos": [
0,
10
]
} | {
"id": "C0064079",
"name": "isosorbide 5-nitrate",
"pos": [
97,
117
]
} |
the comparative bioavailability of isosorbide dinitrate , isosorbide 2-nitrate and isosorbide 5-nitrate from the sustained-release tablet was 110 per cent ( p greater than 0.05 ) , 89 per cent ( p greater than 0.05 ) , and 89 per cent ( p less than 0.05 ) , respectively , of that from the reference standard-release tablet . | NA | {
"id": "C0022252",
"name": "isosorbide dinitrate",
"pos": [
35,
55
]
} | {
"id": "C0022251",
"name": "isosorbide",
"pos": [
83,
93
]
} |
the comparative bioavailability of isosorbide dinitrate , isosorbide 2-nitrate and isosorbide 5-nitrate from the sustained-release tablet was 110 per cent ( p greater than 0.05 ) , 89 per cent ( p greater than 0.05 ) , and 89 per cent ( p less than 0.05 ) , respectively , of that from the reference standard-release tablet . | NA | {
"id": "C0022252",
"name": "isosorbide dinitrate",
"pos": [
35,
55
]
} | {
"id": "C0064079",
"name": "isosorbide",
"pos": [
83,
93
]
} |
the comparative bioavailability of isosorbide dinitrate , isosorbide 2-nitrate and isosorbide 5-nitrate from the sustained-release tablet was 110 per cent ( p greater than 0.05 ) , 89 per cent ( p greater than 0.05 ) , and 89 per cent ( p less than 0.05 ) , respectively , of that from the reference standard-release tablet . | NA | {
"id": "C0022251",
"name": "isosorbide",
"pos": [
35,
45
]
} | {
"id": "C0064079",
"name": "isosorbide",
"pos": [
83,
93
]
} |
the pharmacokinetics of cephalexin and cefadroxil were compared following single 500 mg oral doses to 12 healthy male volunteers . | NA | {
"id": "C0007716",
"name": "cephalexin",
"pos": [
24,
34
]
} | {
"id": "C0007538",
"name": "cefadroxil",
"pos": [
39,
49
]
} |
cephalexin was absorbed rapidly , achieving a mean peak plasma level of 17.5 micrograms ml-1 at 1 h , compared to 16 micrograms ml-1 at 1.8 h for cefadroxil . | NA | {
"id": "C0007716",
"name": "cephalexin",
"pos": [
0,
10
]
} | {
"id": "C0007538",
"name": "cefadroxil",
"pos": [
146,
156
]
} |
only 70 per cent of cefadroxil was recovered in urine compared to 87 per cent of cephalexin during the 12 h following drug administration . | NA | {
"id": "C0007538",
"name": "cefadroxil",
"pos": [
20,
30
]
} | {
"id": "C0007716",
"name": "cephalexin",
"pos": [
81,
91
]
} |
the therapeutic significance of the different pharmacokinetic characteristics of cephalexin and cefadroxil , if any , may be a function also of their pharmacologic activity and/or the sensitivity of the target organism . | NA | {
"id": "C0007716",
"name": "cephalexin",
"pos": [
81,
91
]
} | {
"id": "C0007538",
"name": "cefadroxil",
"pos": [
96,
106
]
} |
it has been shown in experiments on albino rats that acute myocardial ischemia ( ami ) produces a noticeable increase in excretion of adrenaline , noradrenaline , dopa and dopamine with urine . | NA | {
"id": "C0014563",
"name": "adrenaline",
"pos": [
134,
144
]
} | {
"id": "C0028351",
"name": "noradrenaline",
"pos": [
147,
160
]
} |
affinity to the former protein is significantly higher than to the latter one . alpha-fetoprotein has a low affinity to con a alone . | NA | {
"id": "C0033684",
"name": "protein",
"pos": [
23,
30
]
} | {
"id": "C0015950",
"name": "fetoprotein",
"pos": [
86,
97
]
} |
it was shown that interaction of the hemoglobin molecule with zinc ion brings about an increase in hb affinity for o2 ( the left drive of the oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve ) , a reduction in cooperative interaction of hemoglobin subunits , and a relative decrease in hemoglobin affinity for carbon monoxide . | NA | {
"id": "C0019046",
"name": "hemoglobin",
"pos": [
37,
47
]
} | {
"id": "C0019016",
"name": "a",
"pos": [
295,
296
]
} |
preleukemic state of adult t cell leukemia : abnormal t lymphocytosis induced by human adult t cell leukemia-lymphoma virus . | NA | {
"id": "C0023492",
"name": "adult t cell leukemia",
"pos": [
21,
42
]
} | {
"id": "C0023493",
"name": "human adult t cell leukemia-lymphoma",
"pos": [
81,
117
]
} |
we report the clinical , hematologic , and immunologic features of 18 preleukemic adult t cell leukemia ( pre-atl ) cases with abnormal t lymphocytosis induced by human adult t cell leukemia-lymphoma virus ( htlv/atlv ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0023492",
"name": "adult t cell leukemia",
"pos": [
82,
103
]
} | {
"id": "C0023493",
"name": "human adult t cell leukemia-lymphoma",
"pos": [
163,
199
]
} |
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