text stringlengths 57 1.72k | relation stringclasses 125
values | h dict | t dict |
|---|---|---|---|
a further increase of these differences to approximately 50 % ( lactate ) , 156 % ( noradrenaline ) , and 165 % ( adrenaline ) has to be considered to be near the exhaustion level . | NA | {
"id": "C0028351",
"name": "noradrenaline",
"pos": [
84,
97
]
} | {
"id": "C0014563",
"name": "adrenaline",
"pos": [
114,
124
]
} |
this study examined the effects of a pre-experimental period of muscle carbohydrate ( cho ) -loading manipulations followed by a 24-h cho-poor diet , intended to increase muscle glycogen content and reduce hepatic glycogen levels , on substrate and endocrine responses during a period of prolonged exercise . | NA | {
"id": "C0017911",
"name": "glycogen",
"pos": [
178,
186
]
} | {
"id": "C0023902",
"name": "hepatic glycogen",
"pos": [
206,
222
]
} |
chon , as compared to chol condition , resulted in greater blood concentrations of free fatty acids ( 1.8 vs 1.3 mmol x l-1 ) , glycerol ( 0.41 vs 0.28 mmol x l-1 ) , norepinephrine ( 2.2 vs 1.5 ng x ml-1 ) , epinephrine ( 0.90 vs 0.27 ng x ml-1 ) , and cortisol ( 47 vs 23 g x dl-1 ) at min 70 of exercise . | NA | {
"id": "C0028351",
"name": "norepinephrine",
"pos": [
167,
181
]
} | {
"id": "C0014563",
"name": "epinephrine",
"pos": [
209,
220
]
} |
the method was successfully tested with the nbs multielement water standard , srm 1643a , and was subsequently applied to enrich cd ( ii ) , cr ( iii ) , cu ( ii ) and pb ( ii ) in 15 drinking water samples from hamilton , ontario . | NA | {
"id": "C0043047",
"name": "water",
"pos": [
61,
66
]
} | {
"id": "C0599638",
"name": "drinking water samples",
"pos": [
184,
206
]
} |
h2o2 did reduce contamination of the drainage bag but did not reduce catheter-associated bacteriuria or frequency of symptomatic urinary tract infection . | NA | {
"id": "C0004659",
"name": "bacteriuria",
"pos": [
89,
100
]
} | {
"id": "C0042029",
"name": "of",
"pos": [
114,
116
]
} |
the majority of np-specific monoclonal antibodies reacted with all three viruses , but one-third of the antibodies only reacted with the homologous virus . | NA | {
"id": "C0003250",
"name": "monoclonal antibodies",
"pos": [
28,
49
]
} | {
"id": "C0003241",
"name": "antibodies",
"pos": [
104,
114
]
} |
all three proteins are endowed with inhibitory activity on protein synthesis and with proteinase activity , although with different specific activities , and all three give rise to the same peptides upon incubation with sds , suggesting that they are isoforms of gelonin . | NA | {
"id": "C0033684",
"name": "proteins",
"pos": [
10,
18
]
} | {
"id": "C0597298",
"name": "isoforms",
"pos": [
251,
259
]
} |
histologically , allergic granulomatosis is characterized by vascular and extravascular necrotizing palisading granulomas with prominent eosinophilia ( churg-strauss granulomas ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0008728",
"name": "churg-strauss",
"pos": [
152,
165
]
} | {
"id": "C0018188",
"name": "granulomas",
"pos": [
166,
176
]
} |
the clinical criteria include atopy with severe allergic asthma , pronounced peripheral eosinophilia , and nodular infiltrates of the skin and internal organs ( churg-strauss granulomas ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0008728",
"name": "churg-strauss",
"pos": [
161,
174
]
} | {
"id": "C0018188",
"name": "granulomas",
"pos": [
175,
185
]
} |
thus , it is important that the decision to treat ventricular arrhythmias be made on the bases of the frequency of the arrhythmia , its qualitative features , and the presence or absence of underlying heart disease . | NA | {
"id": "C0003811",
"name": "arrhythmia",
"pos": [
62,
72
]
} | {
"id": "C0018799",
"name": "of",
"pos": [
187,
189
]
} |
in order to obtain distinct and reliable information concerning the localization of ionized anionic groups in tissues , fine-granular cationic ferric hydroxide colloid solution ( fe-cac-f ) was newly devised . | NA | {
"id": "C0003075",
"name": "anionic",
"pos": [
92,
99
]
} | {
"id": "C0016327",
"name": "f",
"pos": [
186,
187
]
} |
using the prussian blue reaction , fe-cac-f gives a distinct deep-blue color and can be used for the detection of anionic groups of acid mucopolysaccharides and proteins by light microscopy . | NA | {
"id": "C0016327",
"name": "f",
"pos": [
35,
36
]
} | {
"id": "C0003075",
"name": "anionic",
"pos": [
114,
121
]
} |
the epithelial component of the thymus , defined by monoclonal antibodies te-3 , te-4 , bbtecs , and ae1 ( anti-keratin ) was isolated from the mesodermal component , defined by antibody te-7 , and maintained separately in long-term culture . | NA | {
"id": "C0003250",
"name": "monoclonal antibodies",
"pos": [
52,
73
]
} | {
"id": "C0003241",
"name": "antibody",
"pos": [
178,
186
]
} |
trauma ( fecal incontinence , hemorrhoids , anal fissure , foreign bodies , rectosigmoid tears , allergic proctitis , penile edema , chemical sinusitis , inhaled nitrite burns , and sexual assault of the male patient ) ; | NA | {
"id": "C0043251",
"name": "trauma",
"pos": [
0,
6
]
} | {
"id": "C0016542",
"name": "foreign bodies",
"pos": [
59,
73
]
} |
trauma ( fecal incontinence , hemorrhoids , anal fissure , foreign bodies , rectosigmoid tears , allergic proctitis , penile edema , chemical sinusitis , inhaled nitrite burns , and sexual assault of the male patient ) ; | NA | {
"id": "C0043251",
"name": "trauma",
"pos": [
0,
6
]
} | {
"id": "C0006434",
"name": "burns",
"pos": [
170,
175
]
} |
the pharmacokinetics of fk027 , a new oral cephalosporin , were investigated in rats and dogs and compared with those of cefaclor , cephalexin and amoxicillin . | NA | {
"id": "C0007537",
"name": "cefaclor",
"pos": [
121,
129
]
} | {
"id": "C0007716",
"name": "cephalexin",
"pos": [
132,
142
]
} |
individual traits included cow parturition weight , cow weight at weaning , cow mean weight and cow weight change from parturition to weaning ; | NA | {
"id": "C0005612",
"name": "parturition weight",
"pos": [
31,
49
]
} | {
"id": "C0005910",
"name": "weight",
"pos": [
100,
106
]
} |
individual traits included cow parturition weight , cow weight at weaning , cow mean weight and cow weight change from parturition to weaning ; | NA | {
"id": "C0005910",
"name": "weight",
"pos": [
43,
49
]
} | {
"id": "C0005911",
"name": "weight change",
"pos": [
100,
113
]
} |
maternal traits included calf crop born percentage , preweaning viability percentage , overall viability percentage , birth weight , weaning weight , weight at 12 , 18 and 24 mo and calf weight weaned per cow exposed to breeding ( productivity index ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0005612",
"name": "birth weight",
"pos": [
118,
130
]
} | {
"id": "C0005910",
"name": "weight",
"pos": [
187,
193
]
} |
crossbred exotic x indigenous dams were favored over straightbred indigenous dams by 13.7 % ( p less than .01 ) in calf birth weight and by 14.8 % ( p less than .01 ) in calf weaning weight . | NA | {
"id": "C0005612",
"name": "birth weight",
"pos": [
120,
132
]
} | {
"id": "C0005910",
"name": "weight",
"pos": [
183,
189
]
} |
insulin concentration was increased following consumption of either diet , but to a greater ( p less than .05 ) extent in glucose-fed sows corresponding to the greater ( p less than .05 ) blood glucose response . | NA | {
"id": "C0017725",
"name": "glucose",
"pos": [
122,
129
]
} | {
"id": "C0005802",
"name": "blood glucose",
"pos": [
188,
201
]
} |
all of the strains had distinct fatty acid profiles but most of them conformed to a general pattern , with high levels of octadecanoic acids and only trace amounts of 10-methyl octadecanoic acid ( tuberculostearic acid ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0015684",
"name": "fatty acid",
"pos": [
32,
42
]
} | {
"id": "C0038230",
"name": "octadecanoic acids",
"pos": [
122,
140
]
} |
all of the strains had distinct fatty acid profiles but most of them conformed to a general pattern , with high levels of octadecanoic acids and only trace amounts of 10-methyl octadecanoic acid ( tuberculostearic acid ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0038230",
"name": "octadecanoic acids",
"pos": [
122,
140
]
} | {
"id": "C0038229",
"name": "octadecanoic acid",
"pos": [
177,
194
]
} |
in in-vitro susceptibility testings , tetracyclines , aminoglycosides , and peptide were highly sensitive , and minocycline and doxycycline were the most active of 21 antibiotics tested against 84 clinical isolates of acin . calcoaceticus . | NA | {
"id": "C0039651",
"name": "tetracyclines",
"pos": [
38,
51
]
} | {
"id": "C0026187",
"name": "minocycline",
"pos": [
112,
123
]
} |
in in-vitro susceptibility testings , tetracyclines , aminoglycosides , and peptide were highly sensitive , and minocycline and doxycycline were the most active of 21 antibiotics tested against 84 clinical isolates of acin . calcoaceticus . | NA | {
"id": "C0039651",
"name": "tetracyclines",
"pos": [
38,
51
]
} | {
"id": "C0013090",
"name": "doxycycline",
"pos": [
128,
139
]
} |
against the enterobacteriaceae , haemophilus influenzae and neisseria spp . cefpirome was highly active ( mic90 less than or equal to 0.5 mg/l ) , generally being as active or slightly more active than ceftazidime and cefotaxime , and 8 to 32 times more active than cefuroxime . | NA | {
"id": "C0007554",
"name": "cefotaxime",
"pos": [
218,
228
]
} | {
"id": "C0007562",
"name": "cefuroxime",
"pos": [
266,
276
]
} |
ten healthy volunteers , from whom no erythromycin-resistant oral streptococci could be isolated initially , received three doses of erythromycin stearate ( 1.0 , 0.5 and 0.5 g ) on two separate occasions with a one-week interval between them . | NA | {
"id": "C0014806",
"name": "erythromycin",
"pos": [
38,
50
]
} | {
"id": "C0059566",
"name": "erythromycin stearate",
"pos": [
133,
154
]
} |
serum chloramphenicol levels were evaluated in 52 children with severe infection treated intravenously with chloramphenicol succinate and orally with chloramphenicol palmitate , chloramphenicol monostearoylglycolate or chloramphenicol in capsules . | NA | {
"id": "C0055337",
"name": "chloramphenicol palmitate",
"pos": [
150,
175
]
} | {
"id": "C0008168",
"name": "chloramphenicol",
"pos": [
219,
234
]
} |
serum levels of ticarcillin and piperacillin immediately after the infusion were similar ( approximately 450 mg/l ) and were higher than mezlocillin at 350 mg/l , but by 6 h , levels of all three penicillins were less than 10 mg/l . | NA | {
"id": "C0040193",
"name": "ticarcillin",
"pos": [
16,
27
]
} | {
"id": "C0030842",
"name": "penicillins",
"pos": [
196,
207
]
} |
analysis of morning urine samples revealed that in seven of nine subjects norepinephrine excretion increased , epinephrine excretion decreased , and dopamine excretion was unchanged during sleep on the exercise night . | NA | {
"id": "C0028351",
"name": "norepinephrine",
"pos": [
74,
88
]
} | {
"id": "C0014563",
"name": "epinephrine",
"pos": [
111,
122
]
} |
and 3 ) infusion of a combination of atropine ( 0.15 mg/kg ) , norepinephrine ( 0.19 micrograms x kg-1 x min-1 ) , and epinephrine ( 0.05 micrograms x kg-1 x min-1 ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0028351",
"name": "norepinephrine",
"pos": [
63,
77
]
} | {
"id": "C0014563",
"name": "epinephrine",
"pos": [
119,
130
]
} |
exercise and the combined infusion of atropine , norepinephrine , and epinephrine produced similar increases in blood flow to the diaphragm and similar decreases in blood flow to the stomach . | NA | {
"id": "C0028351",
"name": "norepinephrine",
"pos": [
49,
63
]
} | {
"id": "C0014563",
"name": "epinephrine",
"pos": [
70,
81
]
} |
thus , in dogs , submaximal exercise , infusion of dobutamine , and infusion of a combination of atropine , norepinephrine , and epinephrine to evoke a given level of estimated myocardial o2 consumption produce similar increases in cardiac output , heart rate , and myocardial blood flow . | NA | {
"id": "C0028351",
"name": "norepinephrine",
"pos": [
108,
122
]
} | {
"id": "C0014563",
"name": "epinephrine",
"pos": [
129,
140
]
} |
a representative cuboidal cell line , rama 704 , shows the presence of intermediate filamental proteins keratin and vimentin , and occasional cells express milk fat globule membrane antigens on their apical surfaces . | NA | {
"id": "C0021769",
"name": "intermediate filamental proteins",
"pos": [
71,
103
]
} | {
"id": "C0042666",
"name": "vimentin",
"pos": [
116,
124
]
} |
in conclusion , it is possible that cf fibroblasts do not secrete a protein that has the mucostimulatory effect and thus these cells may not be suitable for studying the cf-related activity . | NA | {
"id": "C0016030",
"name": "fibroblasts",
"pos": [
39,
50
]
} | {
"id": "C0007634",
"name": "cells",
"pos": [
127,
132
]
} |
response of low pdl endothelial cells and fibroblasts subjected to oxidant stress was compared with the response of pdl 15 cells . | NA | {
"id": "C0016030",
"name": "fibroblasts",
"pos": [
42,
53
]
} | {
"id": "C0007634",
"name": "cells",
"pos": [
123,
128
]
} |
both low pdl endothelial cells and fibroblasts responded differently to the lytic effect of xanthine oxidase-derived free radicals than did higher pdl cells . | NA | {
"id": "C0016030",
"name": "fibroblasts",
"pos": [
35,
46
]
} | {
"id": "C0007634",
"name": "cells",
"pos": [
151,
156
]
} |
antioxidant enzyme specific activities could only partially explain the differences in response to oxidant stress between fibroblasts and endothelial cells and between low and high pdl cells . | NA | {
"id": "C0016030",
"name": "fibroblasts",
"pos": [
122,
133
]
} | {
"id": "C0007634",
"name": "cells",
"pos": [
185,
190
]
} |
spectra of the enzyme in the presence of substrates and substrate analogs showed that the enzyme formed the same complexes and in similar relative concentrations as previously observed with the cytosolic and mitochondrial rabbit liver isoenzymes . | NA | {
"id": "C0014442",
"name": "enzyme",
"pos": [
15,
21
]
} | {
"id": "C0022173",
"name": "isoenzymes",
"pos": [
235,
245
]
} |
increased transcription can not be triggered by methanol , ethanol , and glycerol , substances that are freely diffusible across the membrane , suggesting that the signal for increased transcription might be an osmotic gradient across the cytoplasmic membrane . | NA | {
"id": "C0001963",
"name": "methanol",
"pos": [
48,
56
]
} | {
"id": "C0001962",
"name": "ethanol",
"pos": [
59,
66
]
} |
the corresponding tryptic peptide from f pilin , which reacted with anti-f pilus antibodies to remove 80 % , was less than 20 % reactive with anti-colb2 pilus antiserum . | NA | {
"id": "C0003241",
"name": "antibodies",
"pos": [
81,
91
]
} | {
"id": "C0020960",
"name": "antiserum",
"pos": [
159,
168
]
} |
the ta-dna region resembles a deleted form of the wide-host-range tl-dna and contains a region homologous to the cytokinin biosynthetic gene . | NA | {
"id": "C0012854",
"name": "dna",
"pos": [
7,
10
]
} | {
"id": "C0000702",
"name": "a",
"pos": [
86,
87
]
} |
we suggest that these latter amino acids and the excess alanine and glutamate are present as interpeptide bridges . | NA | {
"id": "C0002520",
"name": "amino acids",
"pos": [
29,
40
]
} | {
"id": "C0001898",
"name": "alanine",
"pos": [
56,
63
]
} |
in addition , the mutants are sensitive to apramycin , kanamycin b , lividomycin a , neamine , neomycin , paromomycin , and tobramycin -- antibiotics which do not inhibit wild-type strains . | NA | {
"id": "C0027603",
"name": "neomycin",
"pos": [
95,
103
]
} | {
"id": "C0030576",
"name": "paromomycin",
"pos": [
106,
117
]
} |
the activation of prekallikrein by factor xii ( reaction 1 ) , the activation of factor xii by kallikrein ( reaction 2 ) and the activation of prekallikrein by factor xiia ( reaction 3 ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0015525",
"name": "factor xii",
"pos": [
35,
45
]
} | {
"id": "C0015527",
"name": "factor xiia",
"pos": [
160,
171
]
} |
the activation of prekallikrein by factor xii ( reaction 1 ) , the activation of factor xii by kallikrein ( reaction 2 ) and the activation of prekallikrein by factor xiia ( reaction 3 ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0022478",
"name": "kallikrein",
"pos": [
21,
31
]
} | {
"id": "C0033024",
"name": "prekallikrein",
"pos": [
143,
156
]
} |
however , the purified fpt of the riboflavin-deficient rats contained 14.2 , 4.9 , and 1.9 nmol of fad , fmn , and riboflavin per mg of protein , respectively , while that of the control rats contained 10.6 and 9.5 nmol of fad and fmn per mg of protein , respectively . | NA | {
"id": "C0035527",
"name": "riboflavin",
"pos": [
34,
44
]
} | {
"id": "C0016388",
"name": "fmn",
"pos": [
231,
234
]
} |
after riboflavin injection into the riboflavin-deficient rats , nadph-cytochrome c reductase activity and fmn content of the fpt were restored to the control levels in 36 h , nadph-ferricyanide reductase activity recovered in 18 h , and riboflavin content diminished in 18 h . | NA | {
"id": "C0016388",
"name": "fmn",
"pos": [
106,
109
]
} | {
"id": "C0035527",
"name": "riboflavin",
"pos": [
237,
247
]
} |
on incubation of the purified fpt of the riboflavin-deficient rats with fmn , nadph-cytochrome c reductase activity and fmn content were restored to those of control rats . | NA | {
"id": "C0035527",
"name": "riboflavin",
"pos": [
41,
51
]
} | {
"id": "C0016388",
"name": "fmn",
"pos": [
120,
123
]
} |
these results indicated that a part of fmn in the fpt of the riboflavin-deficient rats was replaced with fad and riboflavin . | NA | {
"id": "C0016388",
"name": "fmn",
"pos": [
39,
42
]
} | {
"id": "C0035527",
"name": "riboflavin",
"pos": [
113,
123
]
} |
the kinetics of the hydrogen-deuterium exchange reactions of deoxyguanosine ( dg ) , deoxycytidine ( dc ) , double-helical poly [ d ( g-c ) ] x poly [ d ( g-c ] , and double-helical poly ( dg ) x poly ( dc ) have been examined at 20 degrees c , ph 7.0 , and in low-salt ( 0.15 m nacl ) medium by stopped-flow ultraviolet spectrophotometry , in the spectral region of 260 to 320 nm . | NA | {
"id": "C0020275",
"name": "hydrogen",
"pos": [
20,
28
]
} | {
"id": "C0011744",
"name": "deuterium",
"pos": [
29,
38
]
} |
( ii ) at monovalent cation sites divalent cations compete with k+ , while na+ at these sites favors e1 conformations . | NA | {
"id": "C0007447",
"name": "cation",
"pos": [
21,
27
]
} | {
"id": "C0007448",
"name": "divalent cations",
"pos": [
34,
50
]
} |
gdp , guanyl-5'-yl thiophosphate ( gdp beta s ) , gtp , and guanyl-5'-yl imidodiphosphate ( gmp-p ( nh ) p ) were all able to induce low affinity hormone binding . | NA | {
"id": "C0018353",
"name": "gtp",
"pos": [
50,
53
]
} | {
"id": "C0018366",
"name": "guanyl-5",
"pos": [
60,
68
]
} |
other water soluble inositol phosphates as well as phosphorylated sugars are not hydrolyzed , while the only inositol containing phospholipid hydrolyzed is phosphatidylinositol 4,5-diphosphate at a rate less than 1 % that for inositol 4,5-trisphosphate . | NA | {
"id": "C0021554",
"name": "inositol phosphates",
"pos": [
20,
39
]
} | {
"id": "C0021547",
"name": "inositol",
"pos": [
226,
234
]
} |
amino acid analyses revealed a highly significant enrichment in serine , aspartate , and alanine in the neutral species and proline , threonine , and glycine in the acidic species . | NA | {
"id": "C0002520",
"name": "amino acid",
"pos": [
0,
10
]
} | {
"id": "C0001898",
"name": "alanine",
"pos": [
89,
96
]
} |
amino acid analyses revealed a highly significant enrichment in serine , aspartate , and alanine in the neutral species and proline , threonine , and glycine in the acidic species . | NA | {
"id": "C0002520",
"name": "amino acid",
"pos": [
0,
10
]
} | {
"id": "C0017890",
"name": "glycine",
"pos": [
150,
157
]
} |
these results demonstrate that membrane binding of the c5b-9 proteins can induce a transient change in em when bound to the plasma membrane at a sublytic concentration , providing a mechanism for target cell activation by these potentially cytolytic proteins . | NA | {
"id": "C0025252",
"name": "membrane",
"pos": [
31,
39
]
} | {
"id": "C0033684",
"name": "proteins",
"pos": [
250,
258
]
} |
three agents which alter glutathione oxidation status by different mechanisms were applied to parietal cells in vitro to investigate whether enhanced formation of gssg alters acid secretory function . | NA | {
"id": "C0017817",
"name": "glutathione",
"pos": [
25,
36
]
} | {
"id": "C0061516",
"name": "gssg",
"pos": [
163,
167
]
} |
the agents studied were diamide ( which nonenzymatically oxidizes gsh to gssg ) , tert-butyl hydroperoxide ( an organic peroxide specifically reduced by glutathione peroxidase , thereby generating gssg for gsh ) , and 1,3-bis ( 2-chloroethyl ) -1-nitrosourea ( an inhibitor of nadph : gssg reductase , which presumably allows the accumulation of gssg ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0017817",
"name": "gsh",
"pos": [
66,
69
]
} | {
"id": "C0061516",
"name": "gssg",
"pos": [
346,
350
]
} |
the induction of only one group of proteins , the band 1 isoforms ( 44-46 kda , pi 6.1-5.9 ) displayed such selective synergy . | NA | {
"id": "C0033684",
"name": "proteins",
"pos": [
35,
43
]
} | {
"id": "C0597298",
"name": "isoforms",
"pos": [
57,
65
]
} |
to determine the molecular weight of the hyaluronate binding site itself , the protein was purified by the sequential application of hydroxylapatite chromatography , molecular sieve chromatography , rate-zonal centrifugation , and finally lectin-affinity chromatography on concanavalin a-agarose . | NA | {
"id": "C0033684",
"name": "protein",
"pos": [
79,
86
]
} | {
"id": "C0023206",
"name": "lectin",
"pos": [
239,
245
]
} |
the proteoglycan binds to a single class of high affinity saturable sites on type i collagen fibrils , sites which are selective for heparin-like glycosaminoglycans . | NA | {
"id": "C0019134",
"name": "heparin",
"pos": [
133,
140
]
} | {
"id": "C0017973",
"name": "glycosaminoglycans",
"pos": [
146,
164
]
} |
this component , which may comprise 0.5 % of liver plasma membrane protein , appears to have an acidic pi since it adsorbs to deae-cellulose at ph 7.4 but not to cm-cellulose at ph 6.4 . | NA | {
"id": "C0011050",
"name": "deae-cellulose",
"pos": [
126,
140
]
} | {
"id": "C0007648",
"name": "cellulose",
"pos": [
165,
174
]
} |
the secretion of a type iv collagen-specific proteinase is stimulated in cultured human skin fibroblasts by the phorbol ester tumor promoter 12-o-tetradecanoyl phorbol 13-acetate ( tpa ) and during cell proliferation . | NA | {
"id": "C0031586",
"name": "phorbol ester",
"pos": [
112,
125
]
} | {
"id": "C0039654",
"name": "12-o-tetradecanoyl phorbol 13-acetate",
"pos": [
141,
178
]
} |
hormonal control of hepatic glycogen and blood glucose levels is one of the major homeostatic mechanisms in mammals : glycogen is synthesized when portal glucose concentration is sufficiently elevated and degraded when glucose levels are low . | NA | {
"id": "C0023902",
"name": "hepatic glycogen",
"pos": [
20,
36
]
} | {
"id": "C0017911",
"name": "glycogen",
"pos": [
118,
126
]
} |
histological studies demonstrated that the majority of chondrocytes within these translucent zones are hypertrophic , and that the zones are surrounded by a margin of flattened nonhypertrophic cells . | NA | {
"id": "C0225369",
"name": "chondrocytes",
"pos": [
55,
67
]
} | {
"id": "C0007634",
"name": "cells",
"pos": [
193,
198
]
} |
other proteins were identified that remain in mechanically damaged peroxisomes but are neither core nor membrane proteins because they can be released by pyrophosphate treatment . | NA | {
"id": "C0033684",
"name": "proteins",
"pos": [
6,
14
]
} | {
"id": "C0025252",
"name": "membrane proteins",
"pos": [
104,
121
]
} |
during growth in monolayer culture , superficial chondrocytes began to synthesize keratan sulfate , but the cells could still be distinguished from cultures of deep or unfractionated chondrocytes by their reduced substrate adhesiveness and tendency to remain rounded . | NA | {
"id": "C0007634",
"name": "cells",
"pos": [
108,
113
]
} | {
"id": "C0225369",
"name": "chondrocytes",
"pos": [
183,
195
]
} |
the interaction of migrating newt epidermal cells with the extracellular matrix protein , fibronectin , was studied . | NA | {
"id": "C0079323",
"name": "extracellular matrix",
"pos": [
59,
79
]
} | {
"id": "C0016055",
"name": "fibronectin",
"pos": [
90,
101
]
} |
this paper introduces a new method to detect the taurine and glycine conjugates of five different bile acids ( cholic acid , deoxycholic acid , chenodeoxycholic acid , ursodeoxycholic acid and lithocholic acid ) in human bile . | NA | {
"id": "C0011479",
"name": "deoxycholic acid",
"pos": [
125,
141
]
} | {
"id": "C0008024",
"name": "chenodeoxycholic",
"pos": [
144,
160
]
} |
this paper introduces a new method to detect the taurine and glycine conjugates of five different bile acids ( cholic acid , deoxycholic acid , chenodeoxycholic acid , ursodeoxycholic acid and lithocholic acid ) in human bile . | NA | {
"id": "C0011479",
"name": "deoxycholic acid",
"pos": [
125,
141
]
} | {
"id": "C0042105",
"name": "ursodeoxycholic acid",
"pos": [
168,
188
]
} |
a rapid , accurate and sensitive method for the determination of free hydroxyproline and proline in plasma and of total hydroxyproline in urine has been developed . | NA | {
"id": "C0033382",
"name": "proline",
"pos": [
77,
84
]
} | {
"id": "C0020388",
"name": "hydroxyproline",
"pos": [
120,
134
]
} |
the use of 0.1 % aqueous solution of polylysine ( poly-l-lysine ) is proposed as a prior step to negative staining of viral or particle suspensions . | NA | {
"id": "C0032518",
"name": "polylysine",
"pos": [
37,
47
]
} | {
"id": "C0024337",
"name": "lysine",
"pos": [
57,
63
]
} |
these results , therefore , indicate that either glucose deprivation or the presence of 2-deoxy-d-glucose markedly altered the monodeiodination of t4 in cultured human fibroblasts , i.e . they caused a decrease in t3 production and , conversely , an increase in rt3 production by the cells . | NA | {
"id": "C0016030",
"name": "fibroblasts",
"pos": [
168,
179
]
} | {
"id": "C0007634",
"name": "cells",
"pos": [
284,
289
]
} |
the caucasians were normal weight , averaging 101 +/- 3 % ( +/-sem ) ideal bw ( ibw ) , or were obese ( 168 +/- 21 % ibw ) and had normal glucose tolerance ( n = 77 ) , impaired glucose tolerance ( igt ; n = 12 ) , or noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus ( niddm ; n = 19 ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0011849",
"name": "noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus",
"pos": [
218,
256
]
} | {
"id": "C0011860",
"name": "niddm",
"pos": [
259,
264
]
} |
the lipid-laden foam cells from atherosclerotic lesions appear to be derived from macrophages which have accumulated lipids from plasma lipoproteins . | NA | {
"id": "C0023779",
"name": "lipid",
"pos": [
4,
9
]
} | {
"id": "C0023820",
"name": "lipoproteins",
"pos": [
136,
148
]
} |
serum melatonin concentrations at 2400 and 0300 h in children aged 1-5 yr were significantly ( p less than 0.001 ) higher than those in older children [ 6-10 yr , puberty stage 1 ( p1 ) ] . | NA | {
"id": "C0008059",
"name": "children",
"pos": [
53,
61
]
} | {
"id": "C1455726",
"name": "older",
"pos": [
136,
141
]
} |
the urinary calcium following calcium citrate load significantly higher ( by 20-66 % ) , whether expressed as the total amount or as the increment above basal ( fasting ) excretion . | NA | {
"id": "C0006675",
"name": "calcium",
"pos": [
12,
19
]
} | {
"id": "C0108101",
"name": "calcium citrate",
"pos": [
30,
45
]
} |
although conventional therapy ( pharmacologic doses of vitamin d and phosphorus supplementation ) is usually successful in healing the rachitic bone lesion in patients with x-linked hypophosphatemic rickets , it does not heal the coexistent osteomalacia . | NA | {
"id": "C0035579",
"name": "rachitic",
"pos": [
135,
143
]
} | {
"id": "C0029442",
"name": "osteomalacia",
"pos": [
241,
253
]
} |
because serum 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin d levels are inappropriately low in these patients and high calcitriol concentrations may be required to heal the osteomalacia , we chose to treat five affected subjects with high doses of calcitriol ( 68.2 +/- 10.0 ng/kg total body weight/d ) and supplemental phosphorus ( 1-2 g/d ) performing metabolic studies and bone biopsies before and after 5-8 mo of this therapy in each individual . | NA | {
"id": "C0012328",
"name": "dihydroxyvitamin d",
"pos": [
19,
37
]
} | {
"id": "C0006674",
"name": "calcitriol",
"pos": [
225,
235
]
} |
to determine whether genetic factors influence the human antibody response to polysaccharides , we correlated ig allotypes with the concentrations of antibody to 14 bacterial capsular antigens in 130 actively immunized caucasian adults . | NA | {
"id": "C0021006",
"name": "ig allotypes",
"pos": [
110,
122
]
} | {
"id": "C0003241",
"name": "antibody",
"pos": [
150,
158
]
} |
we evaluated the effect of growth hormone on mammary development by treating three hypophysectomized animals with pure 22,000 mol wt human growth hormone ( hgh ) ( genentech , inc. , south san francisco , ca ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0037663",
"name": "growth",
"pos": [
27,
33
]
} | {
"id": "C0169964",
"name": "human growth hormone",
"pos": [
133,
153
]
} |
these findings suggest that , if growth hormone is a mammary mitogen , that physiological concentrations are insufficient to synergize with e2 to induce full mammary growth or that other forms of hgh are mammogenic . | NA | {
"id": "C0037663",
"name": "growth hormone",
"pos": [
33,
47
]
} | {
"id": "C0169964",
"name": "hgh",
"pos": [
196,
199
]
} |
to determine the influence of cell cycle-specific agents on primate hematopoiesis and fetal hemoglobin production , two juvenile cynomolgus monkeys ( macaca fascicularis ) were repeatedly bled to maintain their hemoglobins at approximately 6.5 g/dl and fetal hemoglobin levels at 3-5 % . | NA | {
"id": "C0015936",
"name": "fetal hemoglobin",
"pos": [
86,
102
]
} | {
"id": "C0019046",
"name": "hemoglobins",
"pos": [
211,
222
]
} |
to investigate the bases for the greater sensitivity of these abnormal cells to complement-mediated lysis , we compared binding of c3 and constituents of the membrane attack complex to normal , pnh ii , pnh iii , and aet-treated cells after classical pathway activation by antibody and fluid-phase activation by cobra venom factor complexes . | NA | {
"id": "C0009498",
"name": "complement",
"pos": [
80,
90
]
} | {
"id": "C0009545",
"name": "membrane attack complex",
"pos": [
158,
181
]
} |
a further type ii variant of von willebrand 's disease has been identified in five family members who have the clinical symptoms of von willebrand 's disease . | NA | {
"id": "C1264040",
"name": "type ii",
"pos": [
10,
17
]
} | {
"id": "C0042974",
"name": "von willebrand 's disease",
"pos": [
132,
157
]
} |
histologic examination of fifty cases of acquired digital fibrokeratoma discloses three histologic variants of these lesions , viz : a tumor composed of thick dense and closely packed collagen bundles , a variant with an increased number of fibroblasts in the cutis , and a type with an edematous and poorly cellular structure . | NA | {
"id": "C0016030",
"name": "fibroblasts",
"pos": [
241,
252
]
} | {
"id": "C0007634",
"name": "cellular structure",
"pos": [
308,
326
]
} |
synthesis and structure-activity studies on aliphatic carbamates and thiocarbamates toxic to scabies mites , psoroptes spp . | NA | {
"id": "C0006948",
"name": "carbamates",
"pos": [
54,
64
]
} | {
"id": "C0039882",
"name": "thiocarbamates",
"pos": [
69,
83
]
} |
marked elevations in circulating epinephrine , with or without norepinephrine , and peripheral beta 2-blockade appear necessary for alpha-mediated vasoconstriction to predominate and for the contrasting effects of cardioselective and nonselective drugs to be appreciated . | NA | {
"id": "C0014563",
"name": "epinephrine",
"pos": [
33,
44
]
} | {
"id": "C0028351",
"name": "norepinephrine",
"pos": [
63,
77
]
} |
the solid-phase bead radioimmunoassay was inhibited by the homologous hhpa-hsa conjugate but not by hhpa hapten alone in two workers , suggesting that these workers were sensitized to new antigenic determinants . | NA | {
"id": "C0018593",
"name": "hapten",
"pos": [
105,
111
]
} | {
"id": "C0003316",
"name": "antigenic determinants",
"pos": [
188,
210
]
} |
the data support the hypothesis that toxic oxygen products generated with srs-a and/or ltc4 induce an alteration in ca++ homeostasis in airway smooth muscle . | NA | {
"id": "C0038091",
"name": "srs-a",
"pos": [
74,
79
]
} | {
"id": "C0023542",
"name": "ltc4",
"pos": [
87,
91
]
} |
one also has exercise-induced anaphylaxis , and one also has exercise-induced bronchospasm and exercise-induced urticaria and angioedema . | NA | {
"id": "C0042109",
"name": "urticaria",
"pos": [
112,
121
]
} | {
"id": "C0002994",
"name": "angioedema",
"pos": [
126,
136
]
} |
we conclude that the increased humoral responsiveness of asthmatic patients with allergy is not restricted to the ige class nor to a limited number of commonly encountered antigens ( allergens ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0003320",
"name": "antigens",
"pos": [
172,
180
]
} | {
"id": "C0002092",
"name": "allergens",
"pos": [
183,
192
]
} |
nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and certain food or drug additives are known to induce acute bronchospasms , angioneurotic edema , and urticaria in susceptible patients . | NA | {
"id": "C0002994",
"name": "angioneurotic edema",
"pos": [
114,
133
]
} | {
"id": "C0042109",
"name": "urticaria",
"pos": [
140,
149
]
} |
on the other hand , these two drugs did not affect the antigen-specific suppressor t cell-mediated tolerance to dnfb induced by dinitrobenzene sulfonic acid . | NA | {
"id": "C0012463",
"name": "dnfb",
"pos": [
112,
116
]
} | {
"id": "C0012459",
"name": "dinitrobenzene",
"pos": [
128,
142
]
} |
sprague-dawley rats susceptible ( ds ) to nacl-induced hypertension suffer higher mortality when exposed daily to 2.0 ppm ozone than do hypertension-resistant ( dr ) rats , independent of salt in the diet or systemic blood pressure . | NA | {
"id": "C0037494",
"name": "nacl",
"pos": [
42,
46
]
} | {
"id": "C0206136",
"name": "salt",
"pos": [
188,
192
]
} |
the protein and cytochrome p-450 content of these lots of s-9 were very similar , and no differences attributable to duration of storage were observed in the activities of ethoxycoumarin o-deethylase , aniline hydroxylase , cytochrome p-450 reductase or aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase . | NA | {
"id": "C0010762",
"name": "cytochrome p-450",
"pos": [
16,
32
]
} | {
"id": "C0003927",
"name": "aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase",
"pos": [
254,
282
]
} |
the protein and cytochrome p-450 content of these lots of s-9 were very similar , and no differences attributable to duration of storage were observed in the activities of ethoxycoumarin o-deethylase , aniline hydroxylase , cytochrome p-450 reductase or aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase . | NA | {
"id": "C0000644",
"name": "ethoxycoumarin o-deethylase",
"pos": [
172,
199
]
} | {
"id": "C0003927",
"name": "aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase",
"pos": [
254,
282
]
} |
the protein and cytochrome p-450 content of these lots of s-9 were very similar , and no differences attributable to duration of storage were observed in the activities of ethoxycoumarin o-deethylase , aniline hydroxylase , cytochrome p-450 reductase or aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase . | NA | {
"id": "C0003039",
"name": "aniline hydroxylase",
"pos": [
202,
221
]
} | {
"id": "C0003927",
"name": "aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase",
"pos": [
254,
282
]
} |
bronchoalveolar lavage and biopsies were performed in 19 patients presenting severe , strictly isolated uveitis ( 5 cases of anterior uveitis , 3 cases of posterior uveitis and 11 cases of panuveitis ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0042164",
"name": "uveitis",
"pos": [
104,
111
]
} | {
"id": "C0030343",
"name": "panuveitis",
"pos": [
189,
199
]
} |
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