text stringlengths 57 1.72k | relation stringclasses 125
values | h dict | t dict |
|---|---|---|---|
these studies suggest that cultured wi-38 fibroblasts produce and release sm-like activity which has sm-like biological activity and is immunoreactive with a basic sm purified from human plasma cohn fraction and having similarity with sm-c and insulin-like growth factor-i . | NA | {
"id": "C0037657",
"name": "sm",
"pos": [
74,
76
]
} | {
"id": "C0021666",
"name": "a",
"pos": [
265,
266
]
} |
these studies suggest that cultured wi-38 fibroblasts produce and release sm-like activity which has sm-like biological activity and is immunoreactive with a basic sm purified from human plasma cohn fraction and having similarity with sm-c and insulin-like growth factor-i . | NA | {
"id": "C0037657",
"name": "sm",
"pos": [
74,
76
]
} | {
"id": "C0021665",
"name": "insulin-like",
"pos": [
244,
256
]
} |
two other membrane proteins known to behave similarly to the lamb protein are proteins ia and ib . | NA | {
"id": "C0025252",
"name": "membrane proteins",
"pos": [
10,
27
]
} | {
"id": "C0033684",
"name": "proteins",
"pos": [
78,
86
]
} |
normal lymphocytes and lymphocytes from patients with low-grade malignant non-hodgkin lymphoma were isolated from blood by a percoll gradient procedure . | NA | {
"id": "C0079747",
"name": "low-grade malignant",
"pos": [
54,
73
]
} | {
"id": "C0024305",
"name": "non-hodgkin",
"pos": [
74,
85
]
} |
it is shown that circular pm2 dna with two gaps of 13 nucleotides per molecule is degraded by purified recbc enzyme from escherichia coli to acid-soluble material at a rate which is less than one tenth of the rate of solubilization of linear duplex dna . | NA | {
"id": "C0012925",
"name": "circular",
"pos": [
17,
25
]
} | {
"id": "C0012854",
"name": "dna",
"pos": [
249,
252
]
} |
the results suggest that the recbc enzyme does not cleave gaps in circular dna at random positions , but possibly at the junction between single-stranded and duplex dna or close to it . | NA | {
"id": "C0012925",
"name": "circular dna",
"pos": [
66,
78
]
} | {
"id": "C0012854",
"name": "dna",
"pos": [
165,
168
]
} |
specific activity of proteins firmly bound to dna increases linearly with the time of incubation of chromatin with [ 14c ] protein hydrolysate , the activity curve of labile bound non-histone proteins has a distinct sygmoid character . | NA | {
"id": "C0033684",
"name": "proteins",
"pos": [
21,
29
]
} | {
"id": "C0033631",
"name": "protein hydrolysate",
"pos": [
123,
142
]
} |
from nine amino acids studied alanine , methionine , lysine , tyrosine and arginine are not incorporated in the system described . | NA | {
"id": "C0002520",
"name": "amino acids",
"pos": [
10,
21
]
} | {
"id": "C0001898",
"name": "alanine",
"pos": [
30,
37
]
} |
four pepsinogens ( 1 , 2 , 3 and 4 ) ( zymogens of pepsin a , ec 3.4.23.1 , or pepsin c , ec 3.4.23.3 ) were purified from the fundic mucosa of rat stomach to homogeneous states as judged by sodium dodecyl sulfate/polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and a unique pepsin was purified from pepsinogen 1 . | NA | {
"id": "C0030913",
"name": "pepsinogens",
"pos": [
5,
16
]
} | {
"id": "C0014436",
"name": "zymogens",
"pos": [
39,
47
]
} |
four pepsinogens ( 1 , 2 , 3 and 4 ) ( zymogens of pepsin a , ec 3.4.23.1 , or pepsin c , ec 3.4.23.3 ) were purified from the fundic mucosa of rat stomach to homogeneous states as judged by sodium dodecyl sulfate/polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and a unique pepsin was purified from pepsinogen 1 . | NA | {
"id": "C0030913",
"name": "pepsinogens",
"pos": [
5,
16
]
} | {
"id": "C0077923",
"name": "pepsinogen 1",
"pos": [
287,
299
]
} |
rabbit antiserum prepared against pepsinogen 1 reacted with pepsinogen 2 , but not with pepsinogens 3 or 4 . | NA | {
"id": "C0077923",
"name": "pepsinogen 1",
"pos": [
34,
46
]
} | {
"id": "C0030913",
"name": "pepsinogens",
"pos": [
88,
99
]
} |
rabbit antiserum prepared against pepsinogen 1 reacted with pepsinogen 2 , but not with pepsinogens 3 or 4 . | NA | {
"id": "C0030915",
"name": "pepsinogen",
"pos": [
34,
44
]
} | {
"id": "C0030913",
"name": "pepsinogens",
"pos": [
88,
99
]
} |
it was found that an mrna fraction of about 9 s directs the synthesis in vitro of proteins that have properties characteristic of ribosomal proteins , i.e . they are both small and basic . | NA | {
"id": "C0033684",
"name": "proteins",
"pos": [
82,
90
]
} | {
"id": "C0035552",
"name": "ribosomal proteins",
"pos": [
130,
148
]
} |
the amino acid composition of the purified enzyme is : 32 aspartic acid + asparagine , 12 threonine , 12 serine , 27 glutamic acid + glutamine , 16 proline , 21 glycine , 24 alanine , 11 valine , 9 methionine , 17 isoleucine , 25 leucine , 4 tyrosine , 7 phenylalanine , 2 half-cystine ( no free sulfhydryl ) , 23 lysine , 6 histidine , 10 arginine and 2 tryptophan , totalling 260 residues . | NA | {
"id": "C0002520",
"name": "amino acid",
"pos": [
4,
14
]
} | {
"id": "C0017890",
"name": "glycine",
"pos": [
161,
168
]
} |
the amino acid composition of the purified enzyme is : 32 aspartic acid + asparagine , 12 threonine , 12 serine , 27 glutamic acid + glutamine , 16 proline , 21 glycine , 24 alanine , 11 valine , 9 methionine , 17 isoleucine , 25 leucine , 4 tyrosine , 7 phenylalanine , 2 half-cystine ( no free sulfhydryl ) , 23 lysine , 6 histidine , 10 arginine and 2 tryptophan , totalling 260 residues . | NA | {
"id": "C0002520",
"name": "amino acid",
"pos": [
4,
14
]
} | {
"id": "C0001898",
"name": "alanine",
"pos": [
261,
268
]
} |
the amino acid composition of the purified enzyme is : 32 aspartic acid + asparagine , 12 threonine , 12 serine , 27 glutamic acid + glutamine , 16 proline , 21 glycine , 24 alanine , 11 valine , 9 methionine , 17 isoleucine , 25 leucine , 4 tyrosine , 7 phenylalanine , 2 half-cystine ( no free sulfhydryl ) , 23 lysine , 6 histidine , 10 arginine and 2 tryptophan , totalling 260 residues . | NA | {
"id": "C0061472",
"name": "glutamic acid",
"pos": [
117,
130
]
} | {
"id": "C0017797",
"name": "glutamine",
"pos": [
133,
142
]
} |
flavin mononucleotide and flavin-adenine dinucleotide are better substrates for the 5,6-dimethylbenzimidazole-forming homogenate system than riboflavin . | NA | {
"id": "C0016388",
"name": "flavin mononucleotide",
"pos": [
0,
21
]
} | {
"id": "C0035527",
"name": "riboflavin",
"pos": [
141,
151
]
} |
phytosterolaemia , xanthomatosis and premature atherosclerotic arterial disease : a case with high plant sterol absorption , impaired sterol elimination and low cholesterol synthesis . | NA | {
"id": "C0031866",
"name": "plant sterol",
"pos": [
99,
111
]
} | {
"id": "C0038323",
"name": "sterol",
"pos": [
166,
172
]
} |
during a follow-up of 5 years 22-26 % and 27-30 % of serum and bile sterols were plant sterols , respectively . | NA | {
"id": "C0038323",
"name": "sterols",
"pos": [
68,
75
]
} | {
"id": "C0031866",
"name": "plant sterols",
"pos": [
81,
94
]
} |
cholestyramine brought about a modest increase in cholesterol elimination as bile acids , increased cholesterol synthesis as evidenced by the sterol balance value and the increased cholesterol precursors squalene and methyl sterols in plasma and bile , and reduced the plasma cholesterol by 21 % and plant sterols by 16 % , but had no effect on the biliary composition of main sterols . | NA | {
"id": "C0031866",
"name": "plant sterols",
"pos": [
300,
313
]
} | {
"id": "C0038323",
"name": "sterols",
"pos": [
377,
384
]
} |
the effects of acute oral administration of the antiserotoninergic drugs methysergide ( 3 mg ) and metergoline ( 4 mg ) on basal , submaximal ( 0.6 micrograms/kg i. m. ) and maximal ( 6 micrograms/kg ) pentagastrin-stimulated gastric acid secretion , as well as on basal and food-induced gastrin release , have been evaluated in healthy volunteers . | NA | {
"id": "C0030859",
"name": "pentagastrin",
"pos": [
202,
214
]
} | {
"id": "C0017151",
"name": "gastrin",
"pos": [
288,
295
]
} |
women in pre-term labour were treated by intravenous infusion of ritodrine hydrochloride , and after parturition , ritodrine was determined in serum from the mother and from umbilical cord blood . | NA | {
"id": "C0356649",
"name": "ritodrine hydrochloride",
"pos": [
65,
88
]
} | {
"id": "C0035661",
"name": "ritodrine",
"pos": [
115,
124
]
} |
antibodies to framework determinants of the vh and v lambda fragments of mopc 315 and antisera to the vh idiotype determinants of the a 5 a antibody were used to analyze the antigen receptors of mouse t ( and b ) cells . | NA | {
"id": "C0020960",
"name": "antisera",
"pos": [
86,
94
]
} | {
"id": "C0003241",
"name": "antibody",
"pos": [
140,
148
]
} |
other structural analogues of 5-ht that shared the 5-ht blocking effect were 5-methoxytryptamine , 5,6-dihydroxytryptamine , and n , n-dimethyltryptamine although these compounds were considerably less potent than 5-ht as blockers or as agonists . | NA | {
"id": "C0036751",
"name": "5-ht",
"pos": [
30,
34
]
} | {
"id": "C0000589",
"name": "5-methoxytryptamine",
"pos": [
77,
96
]
} |
in urethane-anaesthetized rats , intravenous infusions of the blocking agents produced a rise in blood pressure and an increase in the content of epinephrine , norepinephrine and dopamine in adrenal venous blood . | NA | {
"id": "C0014563",
"name": "epinephrine",
"pos": [
146,
157
]
} | {
"id": "C0028351",
"name": "norepinephrine",
"pos": [
160,
174
]
} |
the cells cultured in vitro were found to contain a significant amount of proinsulin mrna sequences , compared with non-insulin-producing hamster tissues , and seem to be a useful system for the study of insulin gene expression . | NA | {
"id": "C0033362",
"name": "proinsulin",
"pos": [
74,
84
]
} | {
"id": "C0021641",
"name": "insulin",
"pos": [
204,
211
]
} |
[ the effect of limbic system injections of prostaglandin e2 on blood and pituitary levels of gonadotropin and prolactin ( author 's transl ) ] . | NA | {
"id": "C0018066",
"name": "pituitary",
"pos": [
74,
83
]
} | {
"id": "C0033371",
"name": "prolactin",
"pos": [
111,
120
]
} |
determination of the proinsulin concentration by gel filtration showed that this increase could not be solely imputed to conversion of circulating proinsulin into desalanyl-insulin and c-peptide by trypsin . | NA | {
"id": "C0033362",
"name": "proinsulin",
"pos": [
21,
31
]
} | {
"id": "C0021641",
"name": "insulin",
"pos": [
173,
180
]
} |
determination of the proinsulin concentration by gel filtration showed that this increase could not be solely imputed to conversion of circulating proinsulin into desalanyl-insulin and c-peptide by trypsin . | NA | {
"id": "C0033362",
"name": "proinsulin",
"pos": [
21,
31
]
} | {
"id": "C0006558",
"name": "c-peptide",
"pos": [
185,
194
]
} |
influence of exogenous l-3,4 , -dihydroxyphenylalanine ( l-dopa ) on the methionine and s-adenosylmethionine concentrations in the brain and other tissues [ proceedings ] . | NA | {
"id": "C0013023",
"name": "dihydroxyphenylalanine",
"pos": [
32,
54
]
} | {
"id": "C0023570",
"name": "l-dopa",
"pos": [
57,
63
]
} |
eighty-one patients with dermatomycosis such as tinea corporis , tinea cruris , tinea pedis and pityriasis versicolor were treated with tolciclate 1 % cream or miconazole 2 % cream . | NA | {
"id": "C0011630",
"name": "dermatomycosis",
"pos": [
25,
39
]
} | {
"id": "C0040262",
"name": "pityriasis versicolor",
"pos": [
96,
117
]
} |
[ sinus arrhythmia : quantitative evaluation and possible use in the diagnosis of sick sinus syndrome ( author 's transl ) ] . | NA | {
"id": "C0003813",
"name": "sinus arrhythmia",
"pos": [
2,
18
]
} | {
"id": "C0037052",
"name": "sick sinus syndrome",
"pos": [
82,
101
]
} |
this research was done in order to quantify the sinus arrhythmia and to determine any possible quantitative difference between normal subjects and patients with sick sinus syndrome ( sss ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0003813",
"name": "sinus arrhythmia",
"pos": [
48,
64
]
} | {
"id": "C0037052",
"name": "sick sinus syndrome",
"pos": [
161,
180
]
} |
the sai was significantly higher in the patients with sss than in the normal ones . | NA | {
"id": "C0003813",
"name": "sai",
"pos": [
4,
7
]
} | {
"id": "C0037052",
"name": "sss",
"pos": [
54,
57
]
} |
since a sinus arrhythmia of high degree may be observed in the sss , the quantitative evaluation of this arrhythmia , obtained by the index we proposed , may be useful to the detection of this syndrome . | NA | {
"id": "C0003813",
"name": "sinus arrhythmia",
"pos": [
8,
24
]
} | {
"id": "C0037052",
"name": "sss",
"pos": [
63,
66
]
} |
since a sinus arrhythmia of high degree may be observed in the sss , the quantitative evaluation of this arrhythmia , obtained by the index we proposed , may be useful to the detection of this syndrome . | NA | {
"id": "C0003813",
"name": "sinus arrhythmia",
"pos": [
8,
24
]
} | {
"id": "C0003811",
"name": "arrhythmia",
"pos": [
105,
115
]
} |
glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase ( got ) and glutamic pyruvic transaminase ( gpt ) activity were measured in precutaneous needle biopsy specimens of human liver tissue and compared with transaminase values in serum obtained on the day of biopsy . | NA | {
"id": "C0004002",
"name": "glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase",
"pos": [
0,
33
]
} | {
"id": "C0002594",
"name": "transaminase",
"pos": [
187,
199
]
} |
thirteen ( 52 % ) of this thyroid antibody positive group ( all female ) had biochemical evidence of thyroid disease : 8 ( 32 % ) were hypothyroid ( 7 of whom showed signs of myxedema ) , 2 had elevated thyroid stimulating hormone ( tsh ) levels , and 3 had abnormal responses to stimulation with thyrotropin releasing hormone ( trh ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0040128",
"name": "thyroid disease",
"pos": [
101,
116
]
} | {
"id": "C0020676",
"name": "hypothyroid",
"pos": [
135,
146
]
} |
the vmax for saturable ( i.e . 2-deoxy-d-glucose ) sugar transport in cultured human fibroblasts was found to increase with in vitro ageing when the results were expressed per 10 ( 6 ) cells . | NA | {
"id": "C0016030",
"name": "fibroblasts",
"pos": [
85,
96
]
} | {
"id": "C0007634",
"name": "cells",
"pos": [
185,
190
]
} |
testosterone and the testosterone precursors pregnenolone , progesterone , 17 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone , 17 alpha-hydroxypregnenolone , androstenedione , androstenediol and dehydroepiandrosterone were measured in the spermatic vein plasma and in the testicular tissue of young and old men . | NA | {
"id": "C0373704",
"name": "pregnenolone",
"pos": [
45,
57
]
} | {
"id": "C0376260",
"name": "17 alpha-hydroxypregnenolone",
"pos": [
106,
134
]
} |
fraction a eluted at the void volume was to be identified with the von willebrand factor , whereas b , c and d fractions , eluted at the same elution volumes as activated factor x were mainly composed of factor x ( fraction b ) and activated factor x ( fractions c and d ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0015518",
"name": "factor x",
"pos": [
171,
179
]
} | {
"id": "C0015520",
"name": "activated factor x",
"pos": [
232,
250
]
} |
[ digoxin therapy in patients with long-term digitalis therapy . comparison of the digoxin blood level after oral administration of digoxin and beta-methyldigoxin ] . | NA | {
"id": "C0012265",
"name": "digoxin",
"pos": [
2,
9
]
} | {
"id": "C0025132",
"name": "beta-methyldigoxin",
"pos": [
144,
162
]
} |
serum levels of total complement ch 50 and the complement components c1 , c1 inactivator , c2 , c4 , c3c , and c3 activator were measured in 20 patients with burn injuries . | NA | {
"id": "C0009498",
"name": "complement",
"pos": [
22,
32
]
} | {
"id": "C0009499",
"name": "complement components c1",
"pos": [
47,
71
]
} |
the article presents a definite distinction between organic diseases of the pancreas -- such as deformities , congenital insufficiences , pancreatitis , cysts and tumors -- functional disturbances of the pancreas secretion and pseudo-pancreas insufficiency caused by extrapancreatic factors . | NA | {
"id": "C0010709",
"name": "cysts",
"pos": [
153,
158
]
} | {
"id": "C0027651",
"name": "tumors",
"pos": [
163,
169
]
} |
to make the antiserum specific for antibody-forming cell precursors ( afcp ) extensive absorption was required with mouse serum , erythrocytes and thymus cells . | NA | {
"id": "C0018956",
"name": "cell precursors",
"pos": [
52,
67
]
} | {
"id": "C0007634",
"name": "cells",
"pos": [
154,
159
]
} |
interaction of lipopolysaccharides and of lipid a from yersinia enterocolitica with purified guinea pig c3 . | NA | {
"id": "C0023810",
"name": "lipopolysaccharides",
"pos": [
15,
34
]
} | {
"id": "C0023767",
"name": "lipid a",
"pos": [
42,
49
]
} |
two experimental animal models , mice producing reaginic antibody and rabbits producing precipitating antibody , were used in this study . | NA | {
"id": "C0034761",
"name": "reaginic antibody",
"pos": [
48,
65
]
} | {
"id": "C0003241",
"name": "antibody",
"pos": [
102,
110
]
} |
a rapid batch fractionation procedure employing ion-exchange matrices has been used to fractionate ryegrass pollen antigens and allergens . | NA | {
"id": "C0003320",
"name": "antigens",
"pos": [
115,
123
]
} | {
"id": "C0002092",
"name": "allergens",
"pos": [
128,
137
]
} |
rat passive peritoneal anaphylaxis ( ppa ) , following sensitisation with guinea pig antiserum , provides an example of an immediate hypersensitivity reaction in which there is no antibody-dependent release of histamine and in which the srs-a released may not mediate all of the extravasation produced . | NA | {
"id": "C0020960",
"name": "antiserum",
"pos": [
85,
94
]
} | {
"id": "C0003241",
"name": "antibody",
"pos": [
180,
188
]
} |
the spontaneous cytolytic activity of human peripheral blood lymphocytes in a short-term 51chromium release assay was markedly enhanced by pretreatment with partially purified `` '' namalva '' '' lymphoblastoid ( type i ) interferon ( if ) , provided that the target cells , five lymphoblastoid cell lines of variable natural killer ( nk ) sensitivity ( k562 , molt 4 , ccrf/cem , raji and bri8 ) , were not similarly treated with if . | NA | {
"id": "C0021743",
"name": "( type",
"pos": [
211,
217
]
} | {
"id": "C0021747",
"name": "h",
"pos": [
1,
2
]
} |
tumors were located in the liver ( 32 cholangiocarcinomas and 13 hepatocellular cancers ) and the kidney ( 9 adenocarcinomas and 2 anaplastic cancers ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0206698",
"name": "cholangiocarcinomas",
"pos": [
38,
57
]
} | {
"id": "C0001418",
"name": "adenocarcinomas",
"pos": [
109,
124
]
} |
the penetration of cephapirin sodium into tissues that are commonly involved in gynecologic infections was studied after administration of a single i.v . dose of 1 g of cephapirin to about 15 patients to undergo gynecologic surgery . | NA | {
"id": "C0085905",
"name": "cephapirin sodium",
"pos": [
19,
36
]
} | {
"id": "C0007737",
"name": "cephapirin",
"pos": [
169,
179
]
} |
these findings are consistent with the alterations in mucin composition with predominance of sialomucins shown in these areas by histochemical methods . | NA | {
"id": "C0026682",
"name": "mucin",
"pos": [
54,
59
]
} | {
"id": "C0074477",
"name": "sialomucins",
"pos": [
93,
104
]
} |
the results of specificity controls performed in this study ( adsorption controls , use of ascending dilutions of the primary and secondary antisera , comparison of crude antisera and affinity chromatographically purified antibodies ) suggest that corticotropin-lipotropin related peptides are not contained in g-cells . | NA | {
"id": "C0020960",
"name": "antisera",
"pos": [
140,
148
]
} | {
"id": "C0003241",
"name": "antibodies",
"pos": [
222,
232
]
} |
although stable to solvolysis in isopropyl alcohol , 7 underwent smooth conversion to cefamandole in the presence of water , methanol , or ethanol . | NA | {
"id": "C0022237",
"name": "isopropyl alcohol",
"pos": [
33,
50
]
} | {
"id": "C0001962",
"name": "ethanol",
"pos": [
139,
146
]
} |
although stable to solvolysis in isopropyl alcohol , 7 underwent smooth conversion to cefamandole in the presence of water , methanol , or ethanol . | NA | {
"id": "C0001963",
"name": "methanol",
"pos": [
125,
133
]
} | {
"id": "C0001962",
"name": "ethanol",
"pos": [
139,
146
]
} |
most strains of escherichia coli k-12 are unable to use the enzyme iia/iib ( enzyme iiman ) complex of the phosphoenolpyruvate : sugar phosphotransferase system ( pts ) in anaerobic growth and therefore can not utilize glucosamine anaerobically . | NA | {
"id": "C0026741",
"name": "enzyme",
"pos": [
60,
66
]
} | {
"id": "C0031646",
"name": "phosphoenolpyruvate : sugar phosphotransferase",
"pos": [
107,
153
]
} |
instead , disaccharides ( such as maltose , sucrose , or cellobiose ) promote sporulation better than either monosaccharides ( such as dextrose , fructose , or mannose ) or respiratory substrates ( such as ethanol or glycerol ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0012611",
"name": "disaccharides",
"pos": [
10,
23
]
} | {
"id": "C0024658",
"name": "maltose",
"pos": [
34,
41
]
} |
instead , disaccharides ( such as maltose , sucrose , or cellobiose ) promote sporulation better than either monosaccharides ( such as dextrose , fructose , or mannose ) or respiratory substrates ( such as ethanol or glycerol ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0012611",
"name": "disaccharides",
"pos": [
10,
23
]
} | {
"id": "C0038636",
"name": "sucrose",
"pos": [
44,
51
]
} |
in addition , the specificity of disaccharides may be related to the induction of the disaccharidase because cells precultured on dextrose sporulate well on maltose , but cells precultured on maltose sporulate poorly on maltose . | NA | {
"id": "C0012611",
"name": "disaccharides",
"pos": [
33,
46
]
} | {
"id": "C0024658",
"name": "maltose",
"pos": [
220,
227
]
} |
the incorporation of [ u-14c ] glucose into cell wall glycans began to decline immediately poststarvation and decreased to 50 % of the initial rate by 80 min for mannan and by 140 min for alkali- and acid-insoluble glucan . | NA | {
"id": "C0032594",
"name": "glycans",
"pos": [
54,
61
]
} | {
"id": "C0024727",
"name": "mannan",
"pos": [
162,
168
]
} |
the uptake of glutamate in the reconstituted system was sensitive to the temperature of incubation and to the inhibitors ( serine-borate , azaserine , and 6-diazo-5-oxo-l-norleucine ) of gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase activity . | NA | {
"id": "C0036720",
"name": "serine",
"pos": [
123,
129
]
} | {
"id": "C0004480",
"name": "azaserine",
"pos": [
139,
148
]
} |
two oligosaccharides and three trisaccharides were characterized as galactose ( gal ) beta 1 leads to 3 n-acetylgalactosaminitol ( galnactitol ) , n-acetylglucosamine ( glcnac ) beta 1 leads to 3 galnactitol , gal 1 leads to 4 glcnac 1 leads to 3 galnactitol , glcnac 1 leads to 3 gal 1 leads to 3 galnactitol and fucose alpha 1 leads to 2 gal beta 1 leads to 3 galnactitol . | NA | {
"id": "C0028959",
"name": "oligosaccharides",
"pos": [
4,
20
]
} | {
"id": "C0041102",
"name": "trisaccharides",
"pos": [
31,
45
]
} |
the carbodiimide-generated derivatives of aminopterin , folate , and p-aminobenzoylglutamate were also irreversible inhibitors of methotrexate transport , and their relative effectiveness paralleled the ability of the parent compounds ( aminopterin greater than methotrexate greater than folate greater than p-aminobenzoylglutamate ) to act as reversible transport inhibitors . | NA | {
"id": "C0002583",
"name": "aminopterin",
"pos": [
42,
53
]
} | {
"id": "C0025677",
"name": "methotrexate",
"pos": [
262,
274
]
} |
by hybridization of radioactive restriction fragments of the cloned dna to filter-bound restriction fragments of total chicken dna , it has been determined that the 5.5-kilobase inserted dna in this clone contains a copy of each of two long , repeated dna sequence elements with different repetition frequencies . | NA | {
"id": "C0012854",
"name": "dna",
"pos": [
68,
71
]
} | {
"id": "C0000702",
"name": "a",
"pos": [
254,
255
]
} |
this dna is in the form of networks containing thousands of dna circles which are apparently catenated ( interlocked ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0012854",
"name": "dna",
"pos": [
5,
8
]
} | {
"id": "C0012925",
"name": "dna",
"pos": [
60,
63
]
} |
purification and characterization of an oxygenase component in benzoate 1,2-dioxygenase system from pseudomonas arvilla c-1 . | NA | {
"id": "C0030065",
"name": "oxygenase",
"pos": [
40,
49
]
} | {
"id": "C0599874",
"name": "dioxygenase",
"pos": [
76,
87
]
} |
the benzoate 1,2-dioxygenase system of pseudomonas arvilla consists of two proteins , an nadh-cytochrome c reductase and an oxygenase . | NA | {
"id": "C0599874",
"name": "dioxygenase",
"pos": [
17,
28
]
} | {
"id": "C0030065",
"name": "oxygenase",
"pos": [
124,
133
]
} |
single crystal x-ray diffraction studies are proceeding on two phycobiliproteins : c-phycocyanin from anabaena variabilis and b-phycoerythrin from porphyridium cruentum . | NA | {
"id": "C0070980",
"name": "phycobiliproteins",
"pos": [
63,
80
]
} | {
"id": "C0031789",
"name": "phycoerythrin",
"pos": [
128,
141
]
} |
rates of collagen production per cell per unit time were quantitated by labeling hfl-1 with [ 14c ] proline and measuring the production of [ 14c ] hydroxyproline after taking into consideration the specific activity of [ 14c ] proline within the free intracelllular proline pool and the per cent hydroxylation of proline residues in newly synthesized collagen . | NA | {
"id": "C0020388",
"name": "hydroxyproline",
"pos": [
148,
162
]
} | {
"id": "C0033382",
"name": "proline",
"pos": [
314,
321
]
} |
glycosidase digestion of the fucosylated products with the alpha 1 leads to 2-specific fucosidase from clostridium perfringens and the alpha 1 leads to 3/alpha 1 leads to 4-specific fucosidase from almond emulsin indicates that the enzyme forms exclusively the fuc alpha 1 leads to 2gal linkage with a variety of acceptor substrates . | NA | {
"id": "C0017976",
"name": "glycosidase",
"pos": [
0,
11
]
} | {
"id": "C0016787",
"name": "fucosidase",
"pos": [
182,
192
]
} |
anti-alpha-actinin stained z-bands from skeletal muscle in indirect immunofluorescence microscopy and stress fibers from baby hamster kidney fibroblasts and mouse mammary epithelial cells in the characteristic punctate pattern observed by other workers ( lazarides , e. , and burridge , k. ( 1975 ) cell 6 , 289-298 ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0016030",
"name": "fibroblasts",
"pos": [
141,
152
]
} | {
"id": "C0007634",
"name": "cell",
"pos": [
299,
303
]
} |
cell surface receptor binding of phospholipid . protein complexes containing different ratios of receptor-active and -inactive e apoprotein . | NA | {
"id": "C0033684",
"name": "protein",
"pos": [
48,
55
]
} | {
"id": "C0003601",
"name": "apoprotein",
"pos": [
129,
139
]
} |
the uptake and metabolism of lymphatic large chylomicrons from fat-fed rats , lymphatic small chylomicrons from glucose-fed rats , and hepatic very low density lipoproteins from perfusates of isolated livers , and of remnants produced from these lipoproteins in functionally eviscerated rats were studied in the isolated perfused rat liver . | NA | {
"id": "C0008731",
"name": "chylomicrons",
"pos": [
45,
57
]
} | {
"id": "C0023820",
"name": "lipoproteins",
"pos": [
246,
258
]
} |
the uptake and metabolism of lymphatic large chylomicrons from fat-fed rats , lymphatic small chylomicrons from glucose-fed rats , and hepatic very low density lipoproteins from perfusates of isolated livers , and of remnants produced from these lipoproteins in functionally eviscerated rats were studied in the isolated perfused rat liver . | NA | {
"id": "C0023825",
"name": "very low density",
"pos": [
143,
159
]
} | {
"id": "C0023820",
"name": "lipoproteins",
"pos": [
246,
258
]
} |
a heptadecadeoxyribonucleotide , identical with the icosanucleotide but lacking the terminal a-t-g codon , can also stimulate the stable binding of fmet-trnaf to the ribosome , suggesting that the selection of the proper a-u-g initiation codon by fmet-trnaf is subsequent to and a result of the recognition and binding of the fmet-trnaf . 30 s ribosome complex to the initiation site . | NA | {
"id": "C0009221",
"name": "codon",
"pos": [
99,
104
]
} | {
"id": "C0242610",
"name": "initiation codon",
"pos": [
227,
243
]
} |
in escherichia coli , amino acid starvation triggers the rapid synthesis of two guanosine polyphosphates , pppgpp and ppgpp ( the 3'-pyrophosphates of gtp and gdp , respectively ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0032575",
"name": "polyphosphates",
"pos": [
90,
104
]
} | {
"id": "C0034320",
"name": "pyrophosphates",
"pos": [
133,
147
]
} |
this analogue has a binding constant for rabbit muscle creatine kinase similar to creatine and 1-carboxymethyl-2-iminoimidazolidine , but the initial rate of phoshorylation by mgatp in the presence of creatine kinase is almost 5 orders of magnitude slower . | NA | {
"id": "C0010291",
"name": "muscle creatine kinase",
"pos": [
48,
70
]
} | {
"id": "C0010287",
"name": "creatine kinase",
"pos": [
201,
216
]
} |
using immunochemical techniques , it was shown that high mr kininogen or the light chain derived from it forms a complex either with prekallikrein or with kallikrein . | NA | {
"id": "C0033024",
"name": "prekallikrein",
"pos": [
133,
146
]
} | {
"id": "C0022478",
"name": "kallikrein",
"pos": [
155,
165
]
} |
titrations of prekallikrein or kallikrein with increasing amounts of either high mr kininogen or its alkylated light chain indicated that the complexes contain equimolar amounts of each molecule . | NA | {
"id": "C0033024",
"name": "prekallikrein",
"pos": [
14,
27
]
} | {
"id": "C0022478",
"name": "kallikrein",
"pos": [
31,
41
]
} |
these results show that a single site for prekallikrein or kallikrein binding to high mr kininogen resides in the light chain region of the molecule . | NA | {
"id": "C0033024",
"name": "prekallikrein",
"pos": [
42,
55
]
} | {
"id": "C0022478",
"name": "kallikrein",
"pos": [
59,
69
]
} |
it was hypothesized ( tipper , d. , and strominger , j . ( 1965 ) proc . natl . acad . sci . u.s.a. 54 , 1133-1141 ) that 1 ) penicillin is a structural analog of the acyl-d-alanyl-d-alanine terminus of the pentapeptide side chains of nascent peptidoglycan , and that 2 ) penicillin , by virtue of its highly reactive beta-lactam structure , irreversibly acylates the active site of the cell wall transpeptidase . | NA | {
"id": "C0030842",
"name": "penicillin",
"pos": [
126,
136
]
} | {
"id": "C0282215",
"name": "beta-lactam",
"pos": [
318,
329
]
} |
our finding confirms an earlier inference that glutamine uptake by this cell may follow a route not taken by alanine or serine , and explains the apparently erroneous companion inference that glutamine also shares a route with these two amino acids . | NA | {
"id": "C0001898",
"name": "alanine",
"pos": [
109,
116
]
} | {
"id": "C0002520",
"name": "amino acids",
"pos": [
237,
248
]
} |
in previous studies in this laboratory , highly purified liver microsomal cytochrome p-450 was shown to catalyze the hydroperoxide-dependent hydroxylation of a variety of substrates in the absence of nadph , nadph-cytochrome p-450 reductase , and molecular oxygen , and evidence was obtained that the oxygen atom in the product was derived from the peroxide . | NA | {
"id": "C0020281",
"name": "hydroperoxide",
"pos": [
117,
130
]
} | {
"id": "C0031180",
"name": "peroxide",
"pos": [
349,
357
]
} |
in the series in which the adjacent arginines were located various distances from the serine , the substrate for which the enzyme clearly exhibited optimal kinetic constants contained one amino acid residue between the basic residues and serine . | NA | {
"id": "C0003765",
"name": "arginines",
"pos": [
36,
45
]
} | {
"id": "C0301714",
"name": "amino acid",
"pos": [
188,
198
]
} |
in the second series in which the adjacent basic amino acids were lys-arg , optimal kinetic constants were again obtained when these residues were separated from serine by a single amino acid . | NA | {
"id": "C0301714",
"name": "basic amino acids",
"pos": [
43,
60
]
} | {
"id": "C0024337",
"name": "lys",
"pos": [
66,
69
]
} |
in the second series in which the adjacent basic amino acids were lys-arg , optimal kinetic constants were again obtained when these residues were separated from serine by a single amino acid . | NA | {
"id": "C0301714",
"name": "basic amino acids",
"pos": [
43,
60
]
} | {
"id": "C0002520",
"name": "amino acid",
"pos": [
181,
191
]
} |
approximately 40 % of the lipid a precursor synthesized under nonpermissive conditions was recovered in the isolated inner ( cytoplasmic ) membrane fraction , and the rate of translocation to outer membrane in pulse-chase experiments was only 20 % that of lipopolysaccharide . | NA | {
"id": "C0023767",
"name": "lipid a",
"pos": [
26,
33
]
} | {
"id": "C0023810",
"name": "lipopolysaccharide",
"pos": [
256,
274
]
} |
little or no reverse translocation from outer to inner membrane was detected during conversion of preformed lipid a precursor to lipopolysaccharide following return to permissive conditions . | NA | {
"id": "C0023767",
"name": "lipid a",
"pos": [
108,
115
]
} | {
"id": "C0023810",
"name": "lipopolysaccharide",
"pos": [
129,
147
]
} |
the incomplete lipid a precursor produced by a mutant conditionally defective in synthesis of 3-deoxy-d-mannoctulosonate ( kdo ) is rapidly converted to lipopolysaccharide when the mutant culture is shifted from nonpermissive to permissive conditions ( osborn , m.j. , rick , p.d. , and rasmussen , n.s . ( 1980 ) j. biol . chem . 255 , 4246-4251 ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0023767",
"name": "lipid a",
"pos": [
15,
22
]
} | {
"id": "C0023810",
"name": "lipopolysaccharide",
"pos": [
153,
171
]
} |
the effect of cerulenin on conversion of an acyl-deficient precursor of lipid a to lipopolysaccharide was investigated in a mutant of salmonella typhimurium ( prx22h9 ) conditionally defective in synthesis of 3-deoxy-d-mannooctulosonate ( kdo ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0023767",
"name": "lipid a",
"pos": [
72,
79
]
} | {
"id": "C0023810",
"name": "lipopolysaccharide",
"pos": [
83,
101
]
} |
concentrations of cerulenin which inhibited de novo synthesis of fatty acids and lipopolysaccharide more than 95 % had no effect on the rate or extent of conversion of preformed lipid a precursor to a lipopolysaccharide product . | NA | {
"id": "C0023767",
"name": "lipid a",
"pos": [
178,
185
]
} | {
"id": "C0023810",
"name": "lipopolysaccharide",
"pos": [
201,
219
]
} |
purification and characterization of lysyl-trna synthetase after dissociation of the particulate aminoacyl-trna synthetases from rat liver . | NA | {
"id": "C0024376",
"name": "lysyl-trna synthetase",
"pos": [
37,
58
]
} | {
"id": "C0002529",
"name": "aminoacyl-trna synthetases",
"pos": [
97,
123
]
} |
an important stabilization of the protein conformation by the coenzyme , pyridoxal 5'-phosphate , is also observed . | NA | {
"id": "C0009235",
"name": "coenzyme",
"pos": [
62,
70
]
} | {
"id": "C0034266",
"name": "pyridoxal 5",
"pos": [
73,
84
]
} |
cultured chick embryo fibroblasts derived from skin and skeletal muscle exhibit hyaluronidase activity both associated with the cell layer and secreted into the medium . | NA | {
"id": "C0016030",
"name": "fibroblasts",
"pos": [
22,
33
]
} | {
"id": "C0007634",
"name": "cell",
"pos": [
128,
132
]
} |
the cpi apoprotein is assembled into a pigment-protein complex which is electrophoretically indistinguishable from the native cpi complex . | NA | {
"id": "C0033684",
"name": "cpi",
"pos": [
4,
7
]
} | {
"id": "C0003601",
"name": "apoprotein",
"pos": [
8,
18
]
} |
the most critical biochemical change in cho-f2 appears to be an increase in the intracellular level of cyclic amp , when compared to cho , and several growth and morphological properties of cho-f2 resemble those induced in wild type cho exposed to exogenous dibutyryl cyclic amp . | NA | {
"id": "C0001455",
"name": "cyclic amp",
"pos": [
103,
113
]
} | {
"id": "C0012054",
"name": "dibutyryl cyclic amp",
"pos": [
258,
278
]
} |
cultured rat embryo fibroblasts , when placed in media with 10 % serum containing 20 mm nh4cl , show an inhibition of protein degradation and , concurrently , an accumulation of numerous , large vacuoles , partially filled with cellular debris . | NA | {
"id": "C0016030",
"name": "fibroblasts",
"pos": [
20,
31
]
} | {
"id": "C0007634",
"name": "cellular",
"pos": [
228,
236
]
} |
experiments were performed to describe and compare the transplacental pharmacokinetics of the teratogen and transplacental carcinogen , diethylstilbestrol [ 4,4'-dihydroxy-alpha , alpha'-diethyl-trans , cis-stilbene ( des ) ] , and the endogenous estrogen , 17 beta-estradiol ( e2 ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0012203",
"name": "diethylstilbestrol",
"pos": [
136,
154
]
} | {
"id": "C0038333",
"name": "stilbene",
"pos": [
207,
215
]
} |
meanwhile , levels of pregnenolone , pregnenolone sulfate , 17 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone , and 17 alpha-hydroxypregnenolone were extremely high under basal conditions and rose further after acth . | NA | {
"id": "C0373704",
"name": "pregnenolone",
"pos": [
22,
34
]
} | {
"id": "C0376260",
"name": "17 alpha-hydroxypregnenolone",
"pos": [
95,
123
]
} |
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