text stringlengths 57 1.72k | relation stringclasses 125
values | h dict | t dict |
|---|---|---|---|
simultaneous determination of niacin , niacinamide , pyridoxine , thiamine , and riboflavin in multivitamin blends by ion-pair high-pressure liquid chromatography . | NA | {
"id": "C0027996",
"name": "niacin",
"pos": [
30,
36
]
} | {
"id": "C0028027",
"name": "niacinamide",
"pos": [
39,
50
]
} |
a high-pressure liquid chromatographic procedure for the simultaneous determination of niacin , niacinamide , pyridoxine , thiamine , and riboflavin was developed and applied to the analysis of multivitamin blends for these water-soluble vitamins . | NA | {
"id": "C0027996",
"name": "niacin",
"pos": [
87,
93
]
} | {
"id": "C0028027",
"name": "niacinamide",
"pos": [
96,
107
]
} |
integration of this signal relative to a signal from cephradine provides the data necessary to determine the percentage of cephalexin present . | NA | {
"id": "C0007738",
"name": "cephradine",
"pos": [
53,
63
]
} | {
"id": "C0007716",
"name": "cephalexin",
"pos": [
123,
133
]
} |
in terms of total analgesic effect , oxycodone was 10 times as potent as codeine , while in terms of peak analgesia it was 12 times as potent . | NA | {
"id": "C0030049",
"name": "oxycodone",
"pos": [
37,
46
]
} | {
"id": "C0009214",
"name": "codeine",
"pos": [
73,
80
]
} |
these relative potency relationships of oxycodone , taken in conjunction with the oral/parenteral potency ratios of codeine and oxycodone established in the previous paper and several previous relative potency assays involving morphine , oxymorphone and codeine , demonstrate a highly consistent pattern of analgesic structure-activity relationships encompassing morphine , oxymorphone , codeine and oxycodone . | NA | {
"id": "C0009214",
"name": "codeine",
"pos": [
116,
123
]
} | {
"id": "C0030049",
"name": "oxycodone",
"pos": [
400,
409
]
} |
2,6-dichlorophenyl-guanidine , a known metabolite of clonidine , did not cross-react with the antiserum whereas another metabolite , 4-hydroxyclonidine , was as potent as clonidine in displacing labeled clonidine from the antibody . | NA | {
"id": "C0020960",
"name": "antiserum",
"pos": [
94,
103
]
} | {
"id": "C0003241",
"name": "antibody",
"pos": [
222,
230
]
} |
these responses were markedly reduced by pge1 and pge2 and significantly augmented by indomethacin and aspirin , suggesting the occurrence of the pge-mediated negative feedback . | NA | {
"id": "C0012472",
"name": "pge2",
"pos": [
50,
54
]
} | {
"id": "C0033559",
"name": "pge",
"pos": [
146,
149
]
} |
we hypothesize that the high oral/parenteral relative potency ratios of codeine and oxycodone relative to morphine and its congeners are not due to more efficient absorption after oral administration , but rather that methylation at position 3 in codeine and oxycodone protects these drugs from rapid first-pass metabolism . | NA | {
"id": "C0009214",
"name": "codeine",
"pos": [
72,
79
]
} | {
"id": "C0030049",
"name": "oxycodone",
"pos": [
259,
268
]
} |
it is concluded that endogenous prostaglandins do not obscure or alter the vascular and saluretic actions of intrarenal prostaglandin e ( 1 ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0033554",
"name": "prostaglandins",
"pos": [
32,
46
]
} | {
"id": "C0033559",
"name": "prostaglandin e",
"pos": [
120,
135
]
} |
at 20 degrees c ambient temperature the change in body temperature after the endotoxin is still biphasic , but the transient fall is more pronounced and , finally , hypothermia develops . | NA | {
"id": "C0005904",
"name": "change",
"pos": [
40,
46
]
} | {
"id": "C0020672",
"name": "hypothermia",
"pos": [
165,
176
]
} |
finally , our data suggest that ( i ) cl exit from the cell across the basolateral membrane may be coupled to the co-transport of a cation or the countertransport of an anion ; | NA | {
"id": "C0021966",
"name": "i",
"pos": [
1,
2
]
} | {
"id": "C0003075",
"name": "anion",
"pos": [
169,
174
]
} |
glutamine entry at 0.06 mm was inhibited by a variety of amino acids at 3 mm , including dibasic amino acids , glycine , valine , and phenylalanine . | NA | {
"id": "C0002520",
"name": "amino acids",
"pos": [
57,
68
]
} | {
"id": "C0002523",
"name": "dibasic",
"pos": [
89,
96
]
} |
glutamine entry at 0.06 mm was inhibited by a variety of amino acids at 3 mm , including dibasic amino acids , glycine , valine , and phenylalanine . | NA | {
"id": "C0002520",
"name": "amino acids",
"pos": [
57,
68
]
} | {
"id": "C0017890",
"name": "glycine",
"pos": [
111,
118
]
} |
glutamic acid entry at 0.06 mm was inhibited 20 -- 30 % by 3 mm phenylalanine , valine , alpha-aminoisobutyric acid , and glutamine . | NA | {
"id": "C0061472",
"name": "glutamic acid",
"pos": [
0,
13
]
} | {
"id": "C0017797",
"name": "glutamine",
"pos": [
122,
131
]
} |
no metabolic alteration of glutamic acid was observed on incubation with membrane vesicles , but glutamine was significantly hydrolyzed to glutamic acid upon prolonged incubation . | NA | {
"id": "C0017797",
"name": "glutamine",
"pos": [
97,
106
]
} | {
"id": "C0061472",
"name": "glutamic acid",
"pos": [
139,
152
]
} |
cytogenetic diagnosis of cancer : abnormalities of chromosomes and polyploid levels in the bone marrow of patients with small cell anaplastic carcinoma of the lung . | NA | {
"id": "C0008626",
"name": "abnormalities of chromosomes",
"pos": [
34,
62
]
} | {
"id": "C0032578",
"name": "polyploid",
"pos": [
67,
76
]
} |
muscle of gibbons infected postnatally had little or no proviral dna , whereas gibbons infected prenatally had a large quantity of proviral dna . | NA | {
"id": "C0012854",
"name": "dna",
"pos": [
65,
68
]
} | {
"id": "C0000702",
"name": "a",
"pos": [
142,
143
]
} |
simultaneous differential staining of phosphoproteins , sialoglycoproteins , hyaluronic acid , sulfated glycosaminoglycans , proteins , and nucleic acids in human breast tissue with a cationic carbocyanine dye . | NA | {
"id": "C0031689",
"name": "phosphoproteins",
"pos": [
38,
53
]
} | {
"id": "C0033684",
"name": "proteins",
"pos": [
125,
133
]
} |
detailed analysis of multiple clotting factor changes following critical surgical illness ( factors i , ii , v , viii , ix , x , xi , and platelets , fibrin degradation products and plasminogen ) were carried out prospectively in 48 patients . | NA | {
"id": "C0005789",
"name": "clotting factor",
"pos": [
30,
45
]
} | {
"id": "C0015491",
"name": "ix",
"pos": [
120,
122
]
} |
the method can be used for survival following any sort of trauma , here illustrated for survival of burned patients . | NA | {
"id": "C0043251",
"name": "trauma",
"pos": [
58,
64
]
} | {
"id": "C0006434",
"name": "burned",
"pos": [
100,
106
]
} |
as judged from its cleavage pattern and its response to proteolytic inhibitors , the proteolytic activity appears papain-like , and the protease responsible for it may be classified as a thiol protease . | NA | {
"id": "C0030346",
"name": "papain",
"pos": [
114,
120
]
} | {
"id": "C0010661",
"name": "thiol protease",
"pos": [
187,
201
]
} |
tryptic peptide analyses indicated that the e14k protein is unrelated to the dna binding proteins . | NA | {
"id": "C0033684",
"name": "protein",
"pos": [
49,
56
]
} | {
"id": "C0012940",
"name": "dna binding proteins",
"pos": [
77,
97
]
} |
examination of levels of each cellular dna polymerase in these preparations from each step of both purification procedures revealed that dna polymerase beta had a greater tendency to copurify with bovine parvovirus and kilham rat virus than did dna polymerases alpha or gamma . | NA | {
"id": "C0012892",
"name": "dna polymerase",
"pos": [
39,
53
]
} | {
"id": "C0525039",
"name": "dna polymerase beta",
"pos": [
137,
156
]
} |
our data suggest that the loss of infectivity observed among di viruses may be due to nonspecific loss of a viral rna segment ( s ) , and the interfering property of di viruses may be due to interfering rna segments ( dirna , d1 to d6 ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0035736",
"name": "viral rna",
"pos": [
108,
117
]
} | {
"id": "C0035668",
"name": "rna",
"pos": [
220,
223
]
} |
instead , the results were consistent with the hypothesis that transfection of chicken embryo fibroblasts by rous sarcoma virus dna proceeded by transcription of donor dna , formation of extracellular progeny virus , and secondary virus infection of sensitive cells . | NA | {
"id": "C0016030",
"name": "fibroblasts",
"pos": [
94,
105
]
} | {
"id": "C0007634",
"name": "cells",
"pos": [
260,
265
]
} |
consequently , replicating chromosomes failed to extensively continue nascent dna chain growth , and the conversion of viral replicating dna into mature dna was seven to eight times less than that observed in nuclear extracts . | NA | {
"id": "C0012939",
"name": "viral",
"pos": [
119,
124
]
} | {
"id": "C0012854",
"name": "dna",
"pos": [
153,
156
]
} |
second , diluting either nuclear extracts or replicating chromosomes before incubation in vitro stimulated total dna synthesis but was accompanied by the simultaneous appearance of small-molecular-weight nascent dna not associated with intact viral dna templates and a decrease in the synthesis of covalently closed viral dna . | NA | {
"id": "C0012854",
"name": "dna",
"pos": [
113,
116
]
} | {
"id": "C0012939",
"name": "viral dna",
"pos": [
316,
325
]
} |
microscopic examination of the urinary sediment to determine the degree of pyuria is an accepted method to screen for urinary tract infection . | NA | {
"id": "C0034359",
"name": "pyuria",
"pos": [
75,
81
]
} | {
"id": "C0042029",
"name": "urinary tract infection",
"pos": [
118,
141
]
} |
eighty-nine men with gonococcal urethritis were randomly treated with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole , four tablets ( trimethoprin , 320 mg , and sulfamethoxazole , 1,600 mg ) twice daily for two days , or ampicillin , 3.5 g , plus probenecid , 1 g , in a single dose . | NA | {
"id": "C0041044",
"name": "trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole",
"pos": [
70,
99
]
} | {
"id": "C0038689",
"name": "sulfamethoxazole",
"pos": [
145,
161
]
} |
if normal contraction occurs after cholecystokinin ( or sincalide ) , an unusually large gallbladder is of no importance . | NA | {
"id": "C0008328",
"name": "cholecystokinin",
"pos": [
35,
50
]
} | {
"id": "C0037167",
"name": "sincalide",
"pos": [
56,
65
]
} |
chloroquine hydrochloride is the suppressive agent of choice for treatment of mild infections due to all species of malaria except for those due to chloroquine-resistant strains of plasmodium falciparum . | NA | {
"id": "C1383389",
"name": "chloroquine hydrochloride",
"pos": [
0,
25
]
} | {
"id": "C0008269",
"name": "chloroquine",
"pos": [
148,
159
]
} |
chloroquine hydrochloride is the suppressive agent of choice for treatment of mild infections due to all species of malaria except for those due to chloroquine-resistant strains of plasmodium falciparum . | NA | {
"id": "C1383389",
"name": "chloroquine hydrochloride",
"pos": [
0,
25
]
} | {
"id": "C0008269",
"name": "chloroquine",
"pos": [
148,
159
]
} |
to investigate the role of renal prostaglandin in the regulation of sodium metabolism , ruinary prostaglandin e excretion , an indicator of renal prostaglandin synthesis , urinary sodium excretion , plasma renin activity and urinary aldosterone excretion were measured in 84 normal subjects and 55 patients with essential hypertension on ad lib intake of sodium . | NA | {
"id": "C0033554",
"name": "prostaglandin",
"pos": [
33,
46
]
} | {
"id": "C0033559",
"name": "prostaglandin e",
"pos": [
96,
111
]
} |
furthermore , the role of endogenous increases of acth , deoxycorticosterone , and 18 alpha-hydroxy-deoxycorticosterone upon blood pressure was studied in rats by administerating metopirone . | NA | {
"id": "C0011710",
"name": "deoxycorticosterone",
"pos": [
57,
76
]
} | {
"id": "C0000173",
"name": "18",
"pos": [
83,
85
]
} |
in vitro studies of the effects of various organic mercury compounds and heavy metals on rat-liver mitochondria . | NA | {
"id": "C0025424",
"name": "mercury",
"pos": [
51,
58
]
} | {
"id": "C0347988",
"name": "heavy metals",
"pos": [
73,
85
]
} |
tolerance and cross tolerance to toxic effects of morphine , methadone and 1-alpha-acetylmethadol ( laam ) in naive and morphine dependent rats . | NA | {
"id": "C0025605",
"name": "methadone",
"pos": [
61,
70
]
} | {
"id": "C0025607",
"name": "acetylmethadol",
"pos": [
83,
97
]
} |
the major glycosaminoglycan in both control and atherosclerotic aortas was chondroitin sulfate with lesser amounts of heparan sulfate , dermatan sulfate , and hyaluronic acid . | NA | {
"id": "C0017973",
"name": "glycosaminoglycan",
"pos": [
10,
27
]
} | {
"id": "C0019143",
"name": "sulfate",
"pos": [
145,
152
]
} |
epinephrine , norepinephrine and dopamine levels were measured in plasma collected from the left adrenolumbar vein ; | NA | {
"id": "C0014563",
"name": "epinephrine",
"pos": [
0,
11
]
} | {
"id": "C0028351",
"name": "norepinephrine",
"pos": [
14,
28
]
} |
the catecholamine effects were concentration-dependent within the range 1-100 microm , and the order of the potency was isoprenaline greater than adrenaline greater than noradrenaline greater than dopamine = phenylephrine . | NA | {
"id": "C0007412",
"name": "catecholamine",
"pos": [
4,
17
]
} | {
"id": "C0022245",
"name": "isoprenaline",
"pos": [
120,
132
]
} |
the catecholamine effects were concentration-dependent within the range 1-100 microm , and the order of the potency was isoprenaline greater than adrenaline greater than noradrenaline greater than dopamine = phenylephrine . | NA | {
"id": "C0014563",
"name": "adrenaline",
"pos": [
146,
156
]
} | {
"id": "C0028351",
"name": "noradrenaline",
"pos": [
170,
183
]
} |
ct caused a statistically significant drop in urine calcium , phosphorus and hydroxyproline ( oh-proline ) excretion in fh patients and a concomitant increase in serum pth levels . | NA | {
"id": "C0020388",
"name": "hydroxyproline",
"pos": [
77,
91
]
} | {
"id": "C0033382",
"name": "proline",
"pos": [
97,
104
]
} |
on the delta 5-pathway : dehydroepiandrosterone was extremely low while 17 alpha-hydroxypregnenolone and pregnenolone were almost normal ; | NA | {
"id": "C0376260",
"name": "17",
"pos": [
72,
74
]
} | {
"id": "C0373704",
"name": "pregnenolone",
"pos": [
105,
117
]
} |
acth stimulation induced a subnormal rise of cortisol and 11 beta-hydroxyandrostenedione , a low or absent rise of dehydroepiandrosterone , 17 alpha-hydroxypregnenolone , androstenedione and 17 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone contrasting with a marked rise of pregnenolone and progesterone . | NA | {
"id": "C0376260",
"name": "17",
"pos": [
140,
142
]
} | {
"id": "C0373704",
"name": "pregnenolone",
"pos": [
254,
266
]
} |
dexamethasone induced only a minute decrease in the delta 4-progestagens , a marked decrease in pregnenolone , with a more than 80 % reduction of 17 alpha- hydroxypregnenolone , dehydroepiandrosterone , dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate and androstenedione . | NA | {
"id": "C0373704",
"name": "pregnenolone",
"pos": [
96,
108
]
} | {
"id": "C0376260",
"name": "17 alpha",
"pos": [
146,
154
]
} |
the purpose of this study was to correlate ultrastructural features of tendon collagen fibrils at various stages of development with the presence of procollagen , pn-collagen , pc-collagen , and the free amino propeptides and carboxyl propeptide of type i procollagen . | NA | {
"id": "C0033235",
"name": "procollagen",
"pos": [
149,
160
]
} | {
"id": "C0009325",
"name": "collagen",
"pos": [
259,
267
]
} |
procollagen and the intermediates pn-collagen and pc-collagen are present in tendons up to 18 days . | NA | {
"id": "C0033235",
"name": "procollagen",
"pos": [
0,
11
]
} | {
"id": "C0009325",
"name": "collagen",
"pos": [
53,
61
]
} |
brattleboro rats without diabetes insipidus were subjected to sodium chloride enrichment ( 20-fold increase in dietary salt ) at various stages of their development . | NA | {
"id": "C0037494",
"name": "sodium chloride",
"pos": [
62,
77
]
} | {
"id": "C0206136",
"name": "dietary salt",
"pos": [
111,
123
]
} |
145-2c11 was not mitogenic for lpr dn lymph node cells ( lnc ) , even in the presence of the phorbol ester 12-o-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate , whereas mrl/mp-+/+ ( +/+ ) lnc responded strongly . | NA | {
"id": "C0031586",
"name": "phorbol",
"pos": [
93,
100
]
} | {
"id": "C0039654",
"name": "12-o-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate",
"pos": [
107,
143
]
} |
this was not due solely to a property of the 145-2c11 antibody , because both tpa and the f23.1 anti-tcr mab also provoked a faster modulation of the tcr in lpr dn lnc . | NA | {
"id": "C0003241",
"name": "antibody",
"pos": [
54,
62
]
} | {
"id": "C0003250",
"name": "mab",
"pos": [
105,
108
]
} |
mouse ltk- cells expressing human fc gamma rii or a mutant of fc gamma rii lacking the entire cytoplasmic domain of the receptor mediate anti-cd3-induced lymphoproliferation in cultures of adherent cell-depleted human pbmc . | NA | {
"id": "C0007634",
"name": "cells",
"pos": [
11,
16
]
} | {
"id": "C1321301",
"name": "pbmc",
"pos": [
218,
222
]
} |
normal thy-1+ ec express abundant levels of functional rna for tcr-gamma and delta-chains and for the cd3 delta-chain , whereas nude thy-1+ ec produce no detectable tcr-delta and no cd3 delta-rna and only truncated , presumably germ-line tcr-gamma transcripts , as suggested by lack of hybridization with gamma-v region probes and by lack of detectable rearrangements in the gamma-genes . | NA | {
"id": "C0887909",
"name": "functional rna",
"pos": [
44,
58
]
} | {
"id": "C0035668",
"name": "rna",
"pos": [
192,
195
]
} |
the glycoprotein digested with n-glycanase , neuraminidase , or o-glycanase could still be immunoprecipitated with the 44g4 mab indicating that the antigenic epitope resides in the polypeptide . | NA | {
"id": "C0003320",
"name": "antigenic",
"pos": [
148,
157
]
} | {
"id": "C0003316",
"name": "epitope",
"pos": [
158,
165
]
} |
since autoantigen specific t cells may play an important role in initiating autoimmune diseases , tcr were analyzed in different autoimmune diseases and control groups including rheumatoid arthritis , graves disease , idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura , psoriasis , sle , insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus , and in nonautoimmune control diseases and normals . | NA | {
"id": "C0004364",
"name": "autoimmune diseases",
"pos": [
76,
95
]
} | {
"id": "C0018213",
"name": "graves disease",
"pos": [
201,
215
]
} |
since autoantigen specific t cells may play an important role in initiating autoimmune diseases , tcr were analyzed in different autoimmune diseases and control groups including rheumatoid arthritis , graves disease , idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura , psoriasis , sle , insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus , and in nonautoimmune control diseases and normals . | NA | {
"id": "C0004364",
"name": "autoimmune diseases",
"pos": [
76,
95
]
} | {
"id": "C0398650",
"name": "idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura",
"pos": [
218,
253
]
} |
since autoantigen specific t cells may play an important role in initiating autoimmune diseases , tcr were analyzed in different autoimmune diseases and control groups including rheumatoid arthritis , graves disease , idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura , psoriasis , sle , insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus , and in nonautoimmune control diseases and normals . | NA | {
"id": "C0004364",
"name": "autoimmune diseases",
"pos": [
76,
95
]
} | {
"id": "C0024141",
"name": "sle",
"pos": [
268,
271
]
} |
since autoantigen specific t cells may play an important role in initiating autoimmune diseases , tcr were analyzed in different autoimmune diseases and control groups including rheumatoid arthritis , graves disease , idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura , psoriasis , sle , insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus , and in nonautoimmune control diseases and normals . | NA | {
"id": "C0004364",
"name": "autoimmune diseases",
"pos": [
76,
95
]
} | {
"id": "C0011854",
"name": "insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus",
"pos": [
274,
309
]
} |
under endotoxin-free conditions , unstimulated human pbmc do not release tnf-alpha , as measured in a sensitive assay with 51cr release in 6 h from actinomycin d-treated wehi 164 cells . | NA | {
"id": "C1321301",
"name": "pbmc",
"pos": [
53,
57
]
} | {
"id": "C0007634",
"name": "cells",
"pos": [
179,
184
]
} |
because the peyer 's patches ( pp ) , compared with spleen and lymph nodes , are enriched for precursors of iga-secreting cells , we tested whether il-4 and il-5 would have a more profound effect on iga secretion by polyclonally stimulated pp cells than spleen cells . | NA | {
"id": "C0018956",
"name": "precursors",
"pos": [
94,
104
]
} | {
"id": "C0007634",
"name": "cells",
"pos": [
261,
266
]
} |
since a second fcr with mr = 40 kda recognized by mab iv-3 , recently has been identified on pmn , we sought to determine if this fcr was resistant to elastase and thus accounted for the elastase stability of igg-mediated pmn functions . | NA | {
"id": "C0030306",
"name": "elastase",
"pos": [
151,
159
]
} | {
"id": "C0064833",
"name": "elastase",
"pos": [
187,
195
]
} |
we report that large quantities of a purified anti-il-4 mab inhibit primary in vivo polyclonal ige responses by 99 % in mice infected with nippostrongylus brasiliensis or injected with anti-igd antibodies , and totally inhibit secondary ag-specific ige responses to tnp-keyhole limpet hemocyanin without effect on either igg1 or igg2a responses to these stimuli . | NA | {
"id": "C0003250",
"name": "mab",
"pos": [
56,
59
]
} | {
"id": "C0003241",
"name": "antibodies",
"pos": [
194,
204
]
} |
incubation of macrophages with ifn-gamma for 48 h in the presence of lps inhibited h2o2 production but augmented no2- release , whereas incubation in the presence of the arginine analog ng-monomethylarginine inhibited no2- release but not h2o2 production . | NA | {
"id": "C0003765",
"name": "arginine",
"pos": [
170,
178
]
} | {
"id": "C0069477",
"name": "ng-monomethylarginine",
"pos": [
186,
207
]
} |
experiments to investigate the fate of intravascularly administered leukotriene ( lt ) a4 , an unstable intermediate of lt generation , were performed in isolated , ventilated , and blood-free perfused rabbit lungs . | NA | {
"id": "C0125631",
"name": "leukotriene",
"pos": [
68,
79
]
} | {
"id": "C0023545",
"name": "lt",
"pos": [
120,
122
]
} |
experiments with application of tritiated lta4 showed exclusive origin of the detected lt from the exogenously applied precursor . | NA | {
"id": "C0125631",
"name": "lta4",
"pos": [
42,
46
]
} | {
"id": "C0023545",
"name": "lt",
"pos": [
87,
89
]
} |
in the dose range of lta4 used , the enzymatic conversion of this lt precursor did not approach saturation . | NA | {
"id": "C0125631",
"name": "lta4",
"pos": [
21,
25
]
} | {
"id": "C0023545",
"name": "lt",
"pos": [
66,
68
]
} |
in the presence of phorbol ester tetradecanoyl phorbol acetate , there is a modest increase in the rate of internalization . | NA | {
"id": "C0031586",
"name": "phorbol ester",
"pos": [
19,
32
]
} | {
"id": "C0039654",
"name": "phorbol",
"pos": [
47,
54
]
} |
the addition of il-1 or the phorbol ester 12-o-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate in combination with con a also restored both [ 3h ] tdr incorporation and il-2 synthesis in macrophage-depleted cultures . | NA | {
"id": "C0031586",
"name": "phorbol ester",
"pos": [
28,
41
]
} | {
"id": "C0039654",
"name": "12-o-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate",
"pos": [
42,
78
]
} |
the data indicate that the species of il-1 associated with murine macrophage membranes shares at least two epitopes with il-1 alpha and probably represents a product of the il-1 alpha gene . | NA | {
"id": "C0021755",
"name": "il-1",
"pos": [
38,
42
]
} | {
"id": "C0600251",
"name": "il-1 alpha",
"pos": [
173,
183
]
} |
picryl chloride factor ( pc1-f ) is an antigen ( tnp hapten ) -binding t cell factor that initiates pc1 contact sensitivity ( cs ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0031891",
"name": "picryl chloride",
"pos": [
0,
15
]
} | {
"id": "C0018593",
"name": "hapten",
"pos": [
53,
59
]
} |
equivalent picogram amounts of pge were measured in cm derived from bm or spl cells from either control or pge2-treated mice , indicating a low probability that injected pge2 was carried over in the cm and contributed to cfu-gm inhibition . | NA | {
"id": "C0033559",
"name": "pge",
"pos": [
31,
34
]
} | {
"id": "C0012472",
"name": "pge2",
"pos": [
170,
174
]
} |
a lambda gt11 library of mycobacterium leprae dna was screened with m. leprae-reactive human t cell clones as probes , allowing the isolation of a m. leprae dna clone encoding the unidentified ag . | NA | {
"id": "C0000702",
"name": "a",
"pos": [
0,
1
]
} | {
"id": "C0012854",
"name": "dna",
"pos": [
157,
160
]
} |
because epitopes c1 and c2 can be formed by the same antigenic peptide , but epitope c1 is not present on sv40 transformed kkml cells , epitopes c1 and c2 must differ in the contribution made by residue 152 of the mhc class i molecule . | NA | {
"id": "C0003320",
"name": "antigenic",
"pos": [
53,
62
]
} | {
"id": "C0003316",
"name": "epitopes",
"pos": [
136,
144
]
} |
these data show that ctl epitopes on transformed cells can be made up of ag fragments , and strengthen the idea that this is a general phenomenon for both class i and class ii restricted t cell epitopes . | NA | {
"id": "C0003316",
"name": "epitopes",
"pos": [
25,
33
]
} | {
"id": "C0282580",
"name": "t cell",
"pos": [
187,
193
]
} |
these data suggest that the human mab reactive with group a streptococci and myosin reflect the antibodies seen in sera from infected patients or acute rheumatics and that the b lymphocyte clones capable of producing these cross-reactive antibodies are also present in normal individuals . | NA | {
"id": "C0003250",
"name": "mab",
"pos": [
34,
37
]
} | {
"id": "C0003241",
"name": "antibodies",
"pos": [
238,
248
]
} |
although the number of class i alleles we examined is still limited , these results indicate that antigenic fragments derived from the processed h-43a and h-43b alloantigens possess an indistinguishable epitope ( agretope ) , and that such agretope either interacts only with the privileged kb molecules or allows to bestow the immunogenic conformation of allodeterminants on the fragments solely in the context of the restricting kb element . | NA | {
"id": "C0003320",
"name": "antigenic",
"pos": [
98,
107
]
} | {
"id": "C0003316",
"name": "epitope",
"pos": [
203,
210
]
} |
we asked whether induction of specific immune tolerance to the major cns myelin proteins , myelin basic protein ( mbp ) and proteolipid protein ( plp ) , could inhibit the development of r-eae . | NA | {
"id": "C0026972",
"name": "myelin proteins",
"pos": [
73,
88
]
} | {
"id": "C0014063",
"name": "myelin basic protein",
"pos": [
91,
111
]
} |
by using ct as a hapten , we had previously identified a mab ( ct07 ) with restricted specificity to mature ct , and had shown that another mab ( ct08 ) directed to a different epitope bound to both ct and the ct precursor . | NA | {
"id": "C0018593",
"name": "hapten",
"pos": [
17,
23
]
} | {
"id": "C0003316",
"name": "epitope",
"pos": [
177,
184
]
} |
in this study , we used synthetic peptides analogous to various regions of biosynthetic intermediates of ct as haptens , and generated a library of mab which define distinct epitopes . | NA | {
"id": "C0018593",
"name": "haptens",
"pos": [
111,
118
]
} | {
"id": "C0003316",
"name": "epitopes",
"pos": [
174,
182
]
} |
pretreatment of neutrophils with 800 micrograms/ml of soluble yeast beta-glucan inhibited their ingestion of zymosan by 84 % ( mean +/- sd , n = 3 ) , with 50 % inhibition occurring with 100 micrograms/ml of soluble beta-glucan ; | NA | {
"id": "C0043552",
"name": "zymosan",
"pos": [
109,
116
]
} | {
"id": "C1134651",
"name": "beta-glucan",
"pos": [
216,
227
]
} |
the fine specificity and relative affinity of these mab for lipid a and lps were also determined . | NA | {
"id": "C0023767",
"name": "lipid a",
"pos": [
60,
67
]
} | {
"id": "C0023810",
"name": "lps",
"pos": [
72,
75
]
} |
these changes were specific in that rna levels of another nuclear proto-oncogene , c-myc , were increased by il-2 but not by ifn-beta , whereas hla class i rna levels were relatively unchanged by either il-2 or ifn-beta treatment . | NA | {
"id": "C0035700",
"name": "rna",
"pos": [
36,
39
]
} | {
"id": "C0035668",
"name": "rna",
"pos": [
156,
159
]
} |
the three immunoassays were shown to be specific for the major protein contaminants in either monoclonal antibodies or the recombinant proteins and were necessary in demonstrating their purity . | NA | {
"id": "C0033684",
"name": "protein",
"pos": [
63,
70
]
} | {
"id": "C0034861",
"name": "recombinant proteins",
"pos": [
123,
143
]
} |
briefly , the specific target antigen on the cells is bound by the monoclonal antibodies and revealed by use of a fluoresceinated second antibody . | NA | {
"id": "C0003250",
"name": "monoclonal antibodies",
"pos": [
67,
88
]
} | {
"id": "C0003241",
"name": "antibody",
"pos": [
137,
145
]
} |
patients with rheumatoid arthritis ( ra ) , sjogrens syndrome ( ss ) and undifferentiated connective tissue disease ( uctd ) had low levels of anti-p67 with a prevalence 11.6 % and 18 % , respectively , whilst patients with systemic lupus erythematosus ( sle ) and mixed connective tissue disease ( mctd ) had high levels and prevalence rates of 55.2 % and 80 % , respectively . | NA | {
"id": "C0003873",
"name": "rheumatoid arthritis",
"pos": [
14,
34
]
} | {
"id": "C1527336",
"name": "sjogrens syndrome",
"pos": [
44,
61
]
} |
anti-b or anti-d antibodies were detected at high levels in sle ( prevalence 30 % ) but were found rarely in uctd and mctd ( prevalence 7 % and 10 % ) and not at all in ra or ss sera . | NA | {
"id": "C0003873",
"name": "ra",
"pos": [
99,
101
]
} | {
"id": "C1527336",
"name": "ss",
"pos": [
175,
177
]
} |
nitrocellulose strips with the blotted proteins were incubated with the detergents and sera from human volunteers vaccinated with meningococcal membrane proteins . | NA | {
"id": "C0033684",
"name": "proteins",
"pos": [
39,
47
]
} | {
"id": "C0025252",
"name": "membrane proteins",
"pos": [
144,
161
]
} |
sera of pbc patients were also tested in immunoblotting against rat liver subcellular fractions including mitoplasts , submitochondrial particles , inner membrane , outer membrane , matrix proteins and inter-membrane proteins . | NA | {
"id": "C0033684",
"name": "proteins",
"pos": [
189,
197
]
} | {
"id": "C0025252",
"name": "membrane proteins",
"pos": [
208,
225
]
} |
antigenic bands of a and b zones were localized in the inner membrane and/or in the matrix proteins and the 35 kda band in inter-membrane proteins . | NA | {
"id": "C0033684",
"name": "proteins",
"pos": [
91,
99
]
} | {
"id": "C0025252",
"name": "membrane proteins",
"pos": [
129,
146
]
} |
the position of the antigenic determinant could be established in more detail using partial chemical degradation of the original antigen using information about the maximal length of a fragment which has lost its ability to interact with the monoclonal antibody . | NA | {
"id": "C0003316",
"name": "antigenic determinant",
"pos": [
20,
41
]
} | {
"id": "C0018593",
"name": "partial",
"pos": [
84,
91
]
} |
epidermal keratinocytes in culture from the same subjects were exposed to uvc with doses chosen to elicit comparable yields of dimers in cellular dna . | NA | {
"id": "C0022567",
"name": "culture",
"pos": [
27,
34
]
} | {
"id": "C0007634",
"name": "cellular",
"pos": [
137,
145
]
} |
the use of monoclonal antibodies to detect single-stranded dna in alkaline sucrose gradients may be of value in a variety of studies involving human tissues in which it is not possible to use radioactive labeling of the dna for the analysis . | NA | {
"id": "C0012935",
"name": "single-stranded dna",
"pos": [
43,
62
]
} | {
"id": "C0012854",
"name": "dna",
"pos": [
220,
223
]
} |
the involved areas from psoriasis patients contained a statistically significant seven- to 11-fold increase in the levels of leukotriene b4 , 13-hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid-like compound , 15-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid compound and 12-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid in comparison to normal samples and a three- to sevenfold increase in comparison to uninvolved tissue . | NA | {
"id": "C0020349",
"name": "hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid",
"pos": [
192,
220
]
} | {
"id": "C0044800",
"name": "12-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid",
"pos": [
234,
265
]
} |
tumor promoting phorbol esters , such as 12-0-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate ( tpa ) , when applied topically to mouse skin cause inflammation and hyperplasia . | NA | {
"id": "C0031586",
"name": "phorbol esters",
"pos": [
16,
30
]
} | {
"id": "C0039654",
"name": "tetradecanoylphorbol",
"pos": [
46,
66
]
} |
in search for a rationale for the use of interferons ( ifns ) in treatment of non-hodgkin lymphoma ( nhl ) , we have investigated the ifn system of 13 patients with low-grade nhl , 15 patients with high-grade nhl , and 20 patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia or leukemic immunocytoma ( cll/ic ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0079747",
"name": "low-grade nhl",
"pos": [
165,
178
]
} | {
"id": "C0024305",
"name": "nhl",
"pos": [
209,
212
]
} |
further support to the involvement of g proteins in ifn-gamma transduction signal came from the finding that a non-hydrolizable gtp analog , gtp-gamma-s , enhanced in the presence of phorbol esters ( pma ) the antiviral and antiproliferative activity of ifn-gamma , but not of ifn-alpha/beta . | NA | {
"id": "C0018353",
"name": "gtp",
"pos": [
128,
131
]
} | {
"id": "C0079469",
"name": "gtp-gamma-s",
"pos": [
141,
152
]
} |
further support to the involvement of g proteins in ifn-gamma transduction signal came from the finding that a non-hydrolizable gtp analog , gtp-gamma-s , enhanced in the presence of phorbol esters ( pma ) the antiviral and antiproliferative activity of ifn-gamma , but not of ifn-alpha/beta . | NA | {
"id": "C0031586",
"name": "phorbol esters",
"pos": [
183,
197
]
} | {
"id": "C0039654",
"name": "pma",
"pos": [
200,
203
]
} |
carcinoma cells from colon ( widr ) and lung ( a-549 ) were compared to fibroblasts ( ag-1522 ) and primary explants of umbilical vein endothelial cells ( huvec ) in terms of their response to a 20 min heat shock at 45 degrees c . | NA | {
"id": "C0007634",
"name": "cells",
"pos": [
10,
15
]
} | {
"id": "C0016030",
"name": "fibroblasts",
"pos": [
72,
83
]
} |
combining conductivity measurements and molecular weight determination by means of low-angle laser light scattering , we have found for the polyribonucleotides ( polyuridylic acid ( poly ( u ] , polyadenylic acid ( poly ( a ] , polycytidylic acid ( poly ( c ] and polyguanylic acid ( poly ( g ] and for single-stranded dna ( ssdna ) that , on average , 8.5 counterions per single-strand break ( ssb ) are liberated under salt-free conditions . | NA | {
"id": "C0032590",
"name": "polyribonucleotides",
"pos": [
140,
159
]
} | {
"id": "C0032411",
"name": "polyguanylic acid",
"pos": [
264,
281
]
} |
the radical spectra of mixtures of thymidine 5'-monophosphate ( tmp ) or uridine 5'-monophosphate ( ump ) with adenine 5'-monophosphate ( amp ) after hydrated electron attack , measured from 5 to 3000 microsecond after pulse radiolysis , can only be described in terms of the radical spectra of the nucleotides if an electron transfer is taken into account from the purine radical anion to the pyrimidine , resulting in the formation of a pyrimidine radical anion . | NA | {
"id": "C0001407",
"name": "adenine",
"pos": [
111,
118
]
} | {
"id": "C0034140",
"name": "purine",
"pos": [
366,
372
]
} |
membrane lipid composition and fluidity of a series of b16 melanoma cell variants with increased resistance to heat were analysed for changes within the lipid component that may contribute to the acquisition of heat resistance . | NA | {
"id": "C0025249",
"name": "membrane lipid",
"pos": [
0,
14
]
} | {
"id": "C0023779",
"name": "lipid",
"pos": [
153,
158
]
} |
factors that carry a poor prognosis include osteolysis of fractured fragments , subungual haematomas and non-union of fractures . | NA | {
"id": "C0016658",
"name": "fractured",
"pos": [
58,
67
]
} | {
"id": "C0016665",
"name": "non-union",
"pos": [
105,
114
]
} |
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