text stringlengths 57 1.72k | relation stringclasses 125
values | h dict | t dict |
|---|---|---|---|
addition of commercial dextrans or enzymatically prepared glucans to the glucosyltransferase assay altered the amounts of soluble and insoluble glucans synthesized by the ufe preparation . | NA | {
"id": "C0011806",
"name": "dextrans",
"pos": [
23,
31
]
} | {
"id": "C0017696",
"name": "glucans",
"pos": [
144,
151
]
} |
they included the concentrated bacterial antigens , the high-molecular-weight ( > 50,000 ) antigens , the ammonium sulfate-precipitated antigens , and the ribonuclease-treated antigens . | NA | {
"id": "C0003321",
"name": "bacterial antigens",
"pos": [
31,
49
]
} | {
"id": "C0003320",
"name": "antigens",
"pos": [
176,
184
]
} |
we conclude that striking differences exist in the effects of heat on cra on the one hand and of enterobacterial common antigen and lipopolysaccharide o antigen of enteric bacteria on the other . | NA | {
"id": "C0023810",
"name": "lipopolysaccharide",
"pos": [
132,
150
]
} | {
"id": "C0069180",
"name": "o antigen",
"pos": [
151,
160
]
} |
antibodies measured include anti-virus capsid antigen ( vca ) , anti-early antigen ( ea ) , anti-soluble antigen by complement-fixation ( cf ) and antibody-dependent lymphocyte cytotoxicity ( adlc ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0003342",
"name": "virus",
"pos": [
33,
38
]
} | {
"id": "C0003320",
"name": "antigen",
"pos": [
105,
112
]
} |
a matched pair analysis showed that significantly more npc patients had higher vca and ea but not cf or adlc antibody titers than their matched cancer controls . | NA | {
"id": "C0003342",
"name": "vca",
"pos": [
79,
82
]
} | {
"id": "C0003320",
"name": "ea",
"pos": [
87,
89
]
} |
the activity of acetyl coa dependent acyl coa elongation system of m. lepraemurium was relatively high and close to that of m. smegmatis . | NA | {
"id": "C0001026",
"name": "acetyl coa",
"pos": [
16,
26
]
} | {
"id": "C0001374",
"name": "coa",
"pos": [
42,
45
]
} |
no such relationships were observed in the coastal patient group , probably because other infections , more common on the coast , were also responsible for causing increased concentrations of saa which is known to behave as an acute phase reactant . | NA | {
"id": "C0002723",
"name": "saa",
"pos": [
192,
195
]
} | {
"id": "C0001347",
"name": "acute phase reactant",
"pos": [
227,
247
]
} |
ovarian wedge resection was ineffective in all five cases with polycystic ovaries , but two patients became pregnant after treatment with clomiphene and chorionic gonadotropin , and one with exogenous gonadotropins . | NA | {
"id": "C0018062",
"name": "chorionic",
"pos": [
153,
162
]
} | {
"id": "C0018061",
"name": "gonadotropins",
"pos": [
201,
214
]
} |
the new aminoglycoside , tobramycin sulfate , has been shown to be effective against the same microorganisms for which gentamicin is currently employed . | NA | {
"id": "C0002556",
"name": "aminoglycoside",
"pos": [
8,
22
]
} | {
"id": "C0017436",
"name": "gentamicin",
"pos": [
119,
129
]
} |
the specific heterologous antisera to ovine prl and human gh were shown to be just as useful as antisera to canine hormones for immunocytochemical demonstration of the individuality of prl and gh cells in the dog pituitary . | NA | {
"id": "C0169964",
"name": "human gh",
"pos": [
52,
60
]
} | {
"id": "C0037663",
"name": "gh",
"pos": [
193,
195
]
} |
it was then shown that irrigation with 30 degrees c water was followed by a greater nystagmus reaction ( including vertigo and vegetative signs ) than with the 44 degrees water . | NA | {
"id": "C0590256",
"name": "irrigation",
"pos": [
23,
33
]
} | {
"id": "C0043047",
"name": "water",
"pos": [
171,
176
]
} |
absorption of ammonia gas from the rumen and passage of urea and ammonia from the rumen to the duodenum . | NA | {
"id": "C0017110",
"name": "gas",
"pos": [
22,
25
]
} | {
"id": "C0002607",
"name": "ammonia",
"pos": [
65,
72
]
} |
the in vitro antibacterial activity of nine aminoglycosides and spectinomycin on clinical isolates of common gram-negative bacteria . | NA | {
"id": "C0002556",
"name": "aminoglycosides",
"pos": [
44,
59
]
} | {
"id": "C0001268",
"name": "spectinomycin",
"pos": [
64,
77
]
} |
needle biopsies were taken from triceps brachii and analyzed for adenosine triphosphate ( atp ) , adenosine diphosphate ( adp ) , creatine ( c ) , creatine phosphate ( cp , and glycogen concentrations . | NA | {
"id": "C0010286",
"name": "creatine",
"pos": [
130,
138
]
} | {
"id": "C0031634",
"name": "creatine phosphate",
"pos": [
147,
165
]
} |
to investigate the role of the renin-angiotensin system in this renal response , we infused propranolol or saralasin ( 1-sar-8-ala-angiotensin ii ) , an angiotensin ii antagonist , systemically in 14 experiments on three baboons . | NA | {
"id": "C0036193",
"name": "1-sar-8-ala-angiotensin ii",
"pos": [
119,
145
]
} | {
"id": "C0003009",
"name": "angiotensin ii",
"pos": [
153,
167
]
} |
these lipids were further fractionated into subgroups depending on their fatty acid content ( nonhydroxy or alpha-hydroxy , shorter chain or longer chain ) , 3h/14c ratios obtained in ceramides , cerebrosides , and sphingomyelins containing different fatty acids from the injected material were much higher than the initial ratio . | NA | {
"id": "C0007745",
"name": "ceramides",
"pos": [
184,
193
]
} | {
"id": "C0007805",
"name": "cerebrosides",
"pos": [
196,
208
]
} |
comparison of the 3h/14c ratios of the cerebrosides and sphingomyelin in a specific fatty acid group with the ratios of the corresponding ceramide indicated that most of these lipids were derived directly from the ceramide . | NA | {
"id": "C0007805",
"name": "cerebrosides",
"pos": [
39,
51
]
} | {
"id": "C0007745",
"name": "ceramide",
"pos": [
214,
222
]
} |
the presumption that the hormone effect was mediated by cyclic amp was supported by the findings that the cellular levels of cyclic amp were elevated in the presence of glucagon and that dibutyryl cyclic amp could replace glucagon as an effective inhibitor . | NA | {
"id": "C0001455",
"name": "cyclic amp",
"pos": [
56,
66
]
} | {
"id": "C0012054",
"name": "dibutyryl cyclic amp",
"pos": [
187,
207
]
} |
the transamination occurs in about 0.02 % of decarboxylations of dopa and m-tyrosine and in about 2 % of decarboxylations of alpha-methyldopa and alpha-methyl-m-tyrosine . | NA | {
"id": "C0013023",
"name": "dopa",
"pos": [
65,
69
]
} | {
"id": "C0025741",
"name": "alpha-methyldopa",
"pos": [
125,
141
]
} |
the quinoid intermediate which is formed by decarboxylation of the substrate-pyridoxal-p-schiff base ordinarily protonates on the alpha carbon of the amino acid , but protonation occasionally occurs at the benzylic carbon of the coenzyme , and this latter route leads to transamination . | NA | {
"id": "C0034266",
"name": "pyridoxal-p",
"pos": [
77,
88
]
} | {
"id": "C0009235",
"name": "coenzyme",
"pos": [
229,
237
]
} |
however , no translocation of vesicle-derived lipopolysaccharide or an incomplete biosynthetic precursor of lipid a could be detected . | NA | {
"id": "C0023810",
"name": "lipopolysaccharide",
"pos": [
46,
64
]
} | {
"id": "C0023767",
"name": "lipid a",
"pos": [
108,
115
]
} |
the rna synthesis was inhibited by ethidium bromide , rifampicin , acriflavine , actinomycin d , and caffeine , but not by alpha-amanitine or rifamycin sv . | NA | {
"id": "C0035608",
"name": "rifampicin",
"pos": [
54,
64
]
} | {
"id": "C0035609",
"name": "rifamycin sv",
"pos": [
142,
154
]
} |
the sedimentation of newly synthesizing dna in alkaline sucrose gradients demonstrated a characteristic feature that only the elongation rate of dna chains , estimated by the molecular weight increase , was significantly slower during early passages in ws cells than in normal hayflick phase ii fibroblasts . | NA | {
"id": "C0007634",
"name": "cells",
"pos": [
256,
261
]
} | {
"id": "C0016030",
"name": "fibroblasts",
"pos": [
295,
306
]
} |
we have investigated the composition and organization of glycosaminoglycans in the cell coat of cultured human embryo fibroblasts by labeling cells with 3h-glucosamine and na235so4 and subsequently treating cultures with specific enzymes . | NA | {
"id": "C0016030",
"name": "fibroblasts",
"pos": [
118,
129
]
} | {
"id": "C0007634",
"name": "cells",
"pos": [
142,
147
]
} |
purified pituitary factors preparations contained two activities : one specific for y-1 cells and another active with both fibroblasts and y-1 cells . | NA | {
"id": "C0016030",
"name": "fibroblasts",
"pos": [
123,
134
]
} | {
"id": "C0007634",
"name": "cells",
"pos": [
143,
148
]
} |
normal diploid human fibroblasts , cultured at high density ( 1-2 x 10 ( 5 ) cells per cm2 ) release two growth promoting activities into the culture medium . | NA | {
"id": "C0016030",
"name": "fibroblasts",
"pos": [
21,
32
]
} | {
"id": "C0007634",
"name": "cells",
"pos": [
77,
82
]
} |
abnormalities in circulating beta cell peptides in chronic renal failure : comparison of c-peptide , proinsulin and insulin . | NA | {
"id": "C0006558",
"name": "c-peptide",
"pos": [
89,
98
]
} | {
"id": "C0033362",
"name": "proinsulin",
"pos": [
101,
111
]
} |
abnormalities in circulating beta cell peptides in chronic renal failure : comparison of c-peptide , proinsulin and insulin . | NA | {
"id": "C0033362",
"name": "proinsulin",
"pos": [
101,
111
]
} | {
"id": "C0021641",
"name": "insulin",
"pos": [
116,
123
]
} |
effects of a gamma aminobutyric acid ( gaba ) derivative , baclofen , on growth hormone and prolactin secretion in man . | NA | {
"id": "C0016904",
"name": "gamma aminobutyric acid",
"pos": [
13,
36
]
} | {
"id": "C0004609",
"name": "baclofen",
"pos": [
59,
67
]
} |
insulin action was assessed by measuring insulin-mediated glucose disposal ( ki ) in 13 non-ketotic diabetic patients both before treatment and after normalization of plasma glucose by diet ( 5 patients ) or sulfonylurea ( glipizide ) therapy ( 8 patients ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0038766",
"name": "sulfonylurea",
"pos": [
208,
220
]
} | {
"id": "C0017642",
"name": "glipizide",
"pos": [
223,
232
]
} |
we speculate that production of alpha-2-macroglobulin may be a means for protease-secreting normal cells to preserve cell surface integrity and that alpha-2-macroglobulin synthesized locally in lung may protect lung tissues from a variety of proteases . | NA | {
"id": "C0030946",
"name": "protease",
"pos": [
73,
81
]
} | {
"id": "C0030940",
"name": "proteases",
"pos": [
242,
251
]
} |
the effects of gastrin , gastric inhibitory polypeptide , secretin , and the octapeptide of pancreozymin-cholecystokinin on immunoreactive somatostatin release were studied in the isolated perfused dog pancreas . | NA | {
"id": "C0037167",
"name": "octapeptide",
"pos": [
77,
88
]
} | {
"id": "C0008328",
"name": "pancreozymin",
"pos": [
92,
104
]
} |
gastrin at a concentration of 65 ng/ml and the octapeptide of pancreozymin-cholecystokinin at a concentration of 25 ng/ml produced a prompt , but transient statistically significant , twofold rise in mean somatostatin concentration . | NA | {
"id": "C0037167",
"name": "octapeptide",
"pos": [
47,
58
]
} | {
"id": "C0008328",
"name": "pancreozymin",
"pos": [
62,
74
]
} |
by contrast , there was no change in basal adenylate cyclase activity or in the response of the enzyme to the stimulatory action of guanosine-5'- ( beta gamma-imino ) triphosphate ( gpp ( nh ) p ) , gtp , or naf . | NA | {
"id": "C0018366",
"name": "gpp",
"pos": [
182,
185
]
} | {
"id": "C0018353",
"name": "gtp",
"pos": [
199,
202
]
} |
this last observation might be explained by the competitive inhibition exerted by wheat germ agglutinin on the binding of peptides of the oc-pz family to their membrane specific receptors . | NA | {
"id": "C0037167",
"name": "oc-pz",
"pos": [
138,
143
]
} | {
"id": "C0008328",
"name": "oc-pz",
"pos": [
138,
143
]
} |
of the prostaglandins tested the e-type by causing about a 3-fold increase of enzyme activity , was more effective than the f-prostaglandins . | NA | {
"id": "C0033554",
"name": "prostaglandins",
"pos": [
7,
21
]
} | {
"id": "C0033561",
"name": "f-prostaglandins",
"pos": [
124,
140
]
} |
the major catecholamines and the phenolic aromatic amines ( dopamine , norepinephrine , epinephrine , octopamine , and tyramine ) and their metabolites ( normetanephrine , metanephrine , homovanillic acid and 4-hydroxy-3-methxymandelic acid ) did not bind significantly to the antibody . | NA | {
"id": "C0028351",
"name": "norepinephrine",
"pos": [
71,
85
]
} | {
"id": "C0014563",
"name": "epinephrine",
"pos": [
88,
99
]
} |
the major catecholamines and the phenolic aromatic amines ( dopamine , norepinephrine , epinephrine , octopamine , and tyramine ) and their metabolites ( normetanephrine , metanephrine , homovanillic acid and 4-hydroxy-3-methxymandelic acid ) did not bind significantly to the antibody . | NA | {
"id": "C0028351",
"name": "norepinephrine",
"pos": [
71,
85
]
} | {
"id": "C0028385",
"name": "normetanephrine",
"pos": [
154,
169
]
} |
the major catecholamines and the phenolic aromatic amines ( dopamine , norepinephrine , epinephrine , octopamine , and tyramine ) and their metabolites ( normetanephrine , metanephrine , homovanillic acid and 4-hydroxy-3-methxymandelic acid ) did not bind significantly to the antibody . | NA | {
"id": "C0014563",
"name": "epinephrine",
"pos": [
74,
85
]
} | {
"id": "C0025562",
"name": "metanephrine",
"pos": [
172,
184
]
} |
we have compared [ tc-99m ] sodium pertechnetate with tc-99m glucoheptonate in 52 patients studied for various brain lesions . | NA | {
"id": "C0303611",
"name": "tc-99m",
"pos": [
19,
25
]
} | {
"id": "C0039418",
"name": "sodium pertechnetate",
"pos": [
28,
48
]
} |
the quantitative histologic distribution of pyridoxal phosphate ( plp ) , the coenzyme of histidine decarboxylase in the biosynthesis of histamine as well as the coenzyme of other enzyme systems , was established in the rat glandular stomach in different secretory states . | NA | {
"id": "C0034266",
"name": "pyridoxal phosphate",
"pos": [
44,
63
]
} | {
"id": "C0009235",
"name": "coenzyme",
"pos": [
162,
170
]
} |
( c ) human-platelet dense bodies probed with a small ( 20 nm diameter ) spot vary widely in their peak/background ratios for calcium and phosphorus-a finding that suggests that the two elements may not be evenly distributed throughout the dense-body matrix . | NA | {
"id": "C0031705",
"name": "phosphorus",
"pos": [
138,
148
]
} | {
"id": "C0013879",
"name": "elements",
"pos": [
186,
194
]
} |
there were no neutralizing antibodies in the pre-epidemic period , while 18 % of sera after the first epidemic and 32 % after the second epidemic showed antibodies . | NA | {
"id": "C0475463",
"name": "neutralizing antibodies",
"pos": [
14,
37
]
} | {
"id": "C0003241",
"name": "antibodies",
"pos": [
153,
163
]
} |
based on the rate of diffusion of ethylene oxide in selected polymers , the index provides an indication of the aeration time at ambient temperature ( 23 degrees c ) for the ethylene oxide concentration in freshly sterilized plastics to drop to 50 parts/10 ( 6 ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0032521",
"name": "polymers",
"pos": [
61,
69
]
} | {
"id": "C0032167",
"name": "plastics",
"pos": [
225,
233
]
} |
hydrocortisone , hydrocortisone butyrate , dexamethasone , betamethasone , desonide and triamcinolone acetonide all produce atrophy in the rat , and the degree of thinning is dose dependent . | NA | {
"id": "C0020268",
"name": "hydrocortisone",
"pos": [
0,
14
]
} | {
"id": "C0352536",
"name": "hydrocortisone",
"pos": [
17,
31
]
} |
the influence of vitamin a on differentiating epithelia was examined in explants of skin from 14-day chick embryos exposed to retinoic acid ( ra ) in low , moderate , and high doses . | NA | {
"id": "C0042839",
"name": "vitamin a",
"pos": [
17,
26
]
} | {
"id": "C0040845",
"name": "retinoic acid",
"pos": [
126,
139
]
} |
in each of the subjects , 30 boys and 22 girls , the composition of forehead skin lipid was determined 4 times yearly by thin-layer chromatography , with measurement of triglycerides , diglycerides , free fatty acids , wax esters , squalene , cholesterol , and cholesterol esters . | NA | {
"id": "C0023779",
"name": "lipid",
"pos": [
82,
87
]
} | {
"id": "C0043076",
"name": "wax",
"pos": [
219,
222
]
} |
in each of the subjects , 30 boys and 22 girls , the composition of forehead skin lipid was determined 4 times yearly by thin-layer chromatography , with measurement of triglycerides , diglycerides , free fatty acids , wax esters , squalene , cholesterol , and cholesterol esters . | NA | {
"id": "C0008377",
"name": "cholesterol",
"pos": [
243,
254
]
} | {
"id": "C0008387",
"name": "cholesterol esters",
"pos": [
261,
279
]
} |
twice yearly , examination was made of the presence or absence of acne , pubertal maturation and the 24-hour urinary excretion of testosterone as determined by radioimmunnoassay , and of total 17-ketosteroids , dehydroepiandrosterone , androsterone , and etiocholanolone , as determined by paper chromatography . | NA | {
"id": "C0000167",
"name": "17-ketosteroids",
"pos": [
193,
208
]
} | {
"id": "C0002865",
"name": "androsterone",
"pos": [
236,
248
]
} |
twice yearly , examination was made of the presence or absence of acne , pubertal maturation and the 24-hour urinary excretion of testosterone as determined by radioimmunnoassay , and of total 17-ketosteroids , dehydroepiandrosterone , androsterone , and etiocholanolone , as determined by paper chromatography . | NA | {
"id": "C0000167",
"name": "17-ketosteroids",
"pos": [
193,
208
]
} | {
"id": "C0015124",
"name": "etiocholanolone",
"pos": [
255,
270
]
} |
the relative amount of sebaceous lipids was positively correlated with age of the subjects ( wax esters p less than .001 , squalene p less than .05 ) , as was the triglyceride-diglyceride component ( p less than .05 ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0023779",
"name": "lipids",
"pos": [
33,
39
]
} | {
"id": "C0043076",
"name": "wax",
"pos": [
93,
96
]
} |
a significantly positive correlation was observed between the relative amount of sebaceous lipid and the urinary excretion of 17-ketosteroids , androsterone , and etiocholanolone in both sexes , and of testosterone and dehydroepiandrosterone in boys . | NA | {
"id": "C0000167",
"name": "17-ketosteroids",
"pos": [
126,
141
]
} | {
"id": "C0002865",
"name": "androsterone",
"pos": [
229,
241
]
} |
a significantly positive correlation was observed between the relative amount of sebaceous lipid and the urinary excretion of 17-ketosteroids , androsterone , and etiocholanolone in both sexes , and of testosterone and dehydroepiandrosterone in boys . | NA | {
"id": "C0000167",
"name": "17-ketosteroids",
"pos": [
126,
141
]
} | {
"id": "C0015124",
"name": "etiocholanolone",
"pos": [
163,
178
]
} |
a significantly positive correlation was observed between the relative amount of sebaceous lipid and the urinary excretion of 17-ketosteroids , androsterone , and etiocholanolone in both sexes , and of testosterone and dehydroepiandrosterone in boys . | NA | {
"id": "C0000167",
"name": "17-ketosteroids",
"pos": [
126,
141
]
} | {
"id": "C0011185",
"name": "boys",
"pos": [
245,
249
]
} |
exposure of a large inoculum of staphylococcus aureus in vitro to concentrations of gentamicin that exceeded the minimal bactericidal concentration regularly resulted in the emergence of aminoglycoside-resistant bacterial variants . | NA | {
"id": "C0017436",
"name": "gentamicin",
"pos": [
84,
94
]
} | {
"id": "C0002556",
"name": "aminoglycoside",
"pos": [
187,
201
]
} |
the defect in generation of radical species of oxygen , singlet oxygen , and chemiluminescence by leukocytes from patients with cgd is discussed . | NA | {
"id": "C0162772",
"name": "radical",
"pos": [
28,
35
]
} | {
"id": "C0074565",
"name": "singlet oxygen",
"pos": [
56,
70
]
} |
there is no detectable interference from somatomedin or nsila , whereas proinsulin has only about 5 % of the activity of insulin in the assay . | NA | {
"id": "C0037657",
"name": "somatomedin",
"pos": [
41,
52
]
} | {
"id": "C0028318",
"name": "nsila",
"pos": [
56,
61
]
} |
however , the greater ability to differentiate between insulin and proinsulin , together with greater ability of receptor binding to exclude altered ( biologically inactive ) insulin , present advantages of this assay over the ria , which may be significant in abnormal situations . | NA | {
"id": "C0033362",
"name": "proinsulin",
"pos": [
67,
77
]
} | {
"id": "C0021641",
"name": "insulin",
"pos": [
175,
182
]
} |
the results show that the cells forming granulocytic colonies in agar in vitro and in diffusion chambers are closely related , if not identical , and that different sources of csa may differ in their ability to maintain precursor cell numbers in suspension culture . | NA | {
"id": "C0007634",
"name": "cells",
"pos": [
26,
31
]
} | {
"id": "C0018956",
"name": "precursor cell",
"pos": [
220,
234
]
} |
the effects of ethynylestradiol on endogenous bile acids , their capacity to conjugate and excrete intravenously infused cholic acid , the concentrations of biliary cholesterol and lecithin , and the individual molecular species of phosphatidylcholine have been determined in male and female sprague-dawley rats . | NA | {
"id": "C0031617",
"name": "lecithin",
"pos": [
181,
189
]
} | {
"id": "C1959616",
"name": "phosphatidylcholine",
"pos": [
232,
251
]
} |
the encephalitogenic basic protein of diabetic brain myelin was normal in the disc gel electrophoretic patterns of brain myelin proteins . | NA | {
"id": "C0014063",
"name": "basic protein",
"pos": [
21,
34
]
} | {
"id": "C0026972",
"name": "myelin proteins",
"pos": [
121,
136
]
} |
this implies that phosphate anions are bound to the gap substance where they may then promote precipitation of ferric ion . | NA | {
"id": "C0031603",
"name": "phosphate",
"pos": [
18,
27
]
} | {
"id": "C0003075",
"name": "anions",
"pos": [
28,
34
]
} |
they also open the possibility that affinity for anions in general , or phosphate in particular , may be a significant feature of extracellular molecules present at nodes . | NA | {
"id": "C0003075",
"name": "anions",
"pos": [
49,
55
]
} | {
"id": "C0031603",
"name": "phosphate",
"pos": [
72,
81
]
} |
five human brain tumours ( 3 glioblastomas and 2 astrocytomas ) and 5 rat brain tumours induced in sprague -- dawley animals by systemic administration of n-methyl-n-nitrosourea ( 3 pleomorphic gliomas and 2 mixed gliomas ) were studied . | NA | {
"id": "C0017636",
"name": "glioblastomas",
"pos": [
29,
42
]
} | {
"id": "C0004114",
"name": "astrocytomas",
"pos": [
49,
61
]
} |
the predominant forms of vitamin a found in both fetal and maternal tissues were retinyl palmitate , retinol and retinoic acid . | NA | {
"id": "C0042839",
"name": "vitamin a",
"pos": [
25,
34
]
} | {
"id": "C0073115",
"name": "retinyl palmitate",
"pos": [
81,
98
]
} |
the predominant forms of vitamin a found in both fetal and maternal tissues were retinyl palmitate , retinol and retinoic acid . | NA | {
"id": "C0042839",
"name": "vitamin a",
"pos": [
25,
34
]
} | {
"id": "C0040845",
"name": "retinoic",
"pos": [
113,
121
]
} |
in both species , the tissues from the groups treated with retinoic acid contained levels of vitamin a similar to those found in control tissues . | NA | {
"id": "C0040845",
"name": "retinoic acid",
"pos": [
59,
72
]
} | {
"id": "C0042839",
"name": "vitamin a",
"pos": [
93,
102
]
} |
after retinyl acetate treatment in the rat , both of the maternal tissues studied had elevated vitamin a , whereas in the rabbit only maternal liver levels increased . | NA | {
"id": "C0073109",
"name": "retinyl acetate",
"pos": [
6,
21
]
} | {
"id": "C0042839",
"name": "vitamin a",
"pos": [
95,
104
]
} |
in the groups treated with retinyl acetate , the ratio of the vitamin a levels in fetal liver : maternal serum reflected a species difference : the ratio was lower than the control value in the rabbit and higher than controls in the rat . | NA | {
"id": "C0073109",
"name": "retinyl acetate",
"pos": [
27,
42
]
} | {
"id": "C0042839",
"name": "vitamin a",
"pos": [
62,
71
]
} |
radiotracer studies in the rat , using either 3h-retinol or 14c-retinoic acid , demonstrated vitamin a transport across the placenta , with vitamin a concentrating in the fetal liver . | NA | {
"id": "C0040845",
"name": "retinoic acid",
"pos": [
64,
77
]
} | {
"id": "C0042839",
"name": "vitamin a",
"pos": [
140,
149
]
} |
aspartame is a dipeptide ( l-aspartyl-l-phenylalanyl-methyl ester ) with a sweeting potential 180 to 200 times that of sucrose . | NA | {
"id": "C0003999",
"name": "aspartame",
"pos": [
0,
9
]
} | {
"id": "C0012512",
"name": "dipeptide",
"pos": [
15,
24
]
} |
adult rats may utilize two metabolites of methionine for the biosynthesis of this essential amino acid . | NA | {
"id": "C0025646",
"name": "methionine",
"pos": [
42,
52
]
} | {
"id": "C0002525",
"name": "essential amino acid",
"pos": [
82,
102
]
} |
total sulfur amino acids ( cystine and methionine ) and isoleucine were the most limiting amino acids in all nine of the meat products when compared with lactalbumin . | NA | {
"id": "C0002527",
"name": "sulfur amino acids",
"pos": [
6,
24
]
} | {
"id": "C0002520",
"name": "amino acids",
"pos": [
90,
101
]
} |
these observations together with those reported previously indicate that hydorgenation of phytosterols is a novel approach to enhance their hypocholesterolemic activities without influencing the relative safety of the initial sterols . | NA | {
"id": "C0031866",
"name": "phytosterols",
"pos": [
90,
102
]
} | {
"id": "C0038323",
"name": "sterols",
"pos": [
226,
233
]
} |
nonspecific nitrogen was either a ) a mixture of six dispensable amino acids and arginine ( diet 1 ) or arginine and histidine ( diet 2 ) in casein proportions , or b ) an isonitrogenous mixture of glycine and diammonium citrate alone ( diet 3 ) , with histidine ( diet 4 ) , arginine ( diet 5 ) , or histidine and arginine ( diet 6 ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0002520",
"name": "amino",
"pos": [
65,
70
]
} | {
"id": "C0017890",
"name": "glycine",
"pos": [
198,
205
]
} |
nitrogen retention was significantly greater when the nonspecific nitrogen source was dispensable amino acids , arginine and histidine ( diet 2 ) than when it was glycine and diammonium citrate ( diet 3 ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0002520",
"name": "amino acids",
"pos": [
98,
109
]
} | {
"id": "C0017890",
"name": "glycine",
"pos": [
163,
170
]
} |
each diet contained eight indispensable amino acids , cystine and tyrosine proportioned as in casein and a different mixture of dispensable nitrogen : a ) six dispensable amino acids plus argine ( diet 1 ) or plus histidine and arginine ( diet 2 ) in the casein pattern , or b ) an isonitrogenous amount of glycine and diammonium citrate alone ( diet 3 ) , with histidine ( diet 4 ) , with arginine ( diet 5 ) or with histidine and arginine ( diet 6 ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0002520",
"name": "amino acids",
"pos": [
40,
51
]
} | {
"id": "C0017890",
"name": "glycine",
"pos": [
307,
314
]
} |
a 12-year-old boy with recurrent skin ulceration , chronic generalized lymphedema , and mild mental retardation was found to excrete massive amounts of dipeptides , most ( but not all ) of which had proline or hydroxyproline as the carboxyl terminal residue . | NA | {
"id": "C0033382",
"name": "proline",
"pos": [
199,
206
]
} | {
"id": "C0020388",
"name": "hydroxyproline",
"pos": [
210,
224
]
} |
as prostaglandin concentrations have not been reported in infants and children , we measured pge levels from birth through childhood . | NA | {
"id": "C0033554",
"name": "prostaglandin",
"pos": [
3,
16
]
} | {
"id": "C0033559",
"name": "pge",
"pos": [
93,
96
]
} |
an 11-year-old boy is described who developed protoporphyrin hepatopathy ( protoporphyrin 5.75 mg/gm liver wet weight ) , cirrhosis , and liver failure and died . | NA | {
"id": "C0023895",
"name": "hepatopathy",
"pos": [
61,
72
]
} | {
"id": "C0023890",
"name": "cirrhosis",
"pos": [
122,
131
]
} |
morphine metabolites were isolated with column chromatography on a resin and neutral aluminum oxide and tlc from the urine of morphine-dependent subjects maintained on morphine sulfate at a dose of 240 mg/day . | NA | {
"id": "C0026549",
"name": "morphine",
"pos": [
0,
8
]
} | {
"id": "C0066814",
"name": "morphine sulfate",
"pos": [
168,
184
]
} |
a tlc -- colorimetric method also is described for the assay of quinine and quinidine in the presence of cinchonine , cinchonidine , and other cinchona alkaloids . | NA | {
"id": "C0034417",
"name": "quinine",
"pos": [
64,
71
]
} | {
"id": "C0008792",
"name": "cinchona",
"pos": [
143,
151
]
} |
a tlc -- colorimetric method also is described for the assay of quinine and quinidine in the presence of cinchonine , cinchonidine , and other cinchona alkaloids . | NA | {
"id": "C0034414",
"name": "quinidine",
"pos": [
76,
85
]
} | {
"id": "C0008792",
"name": "cinchona",
"pos": [
143,
151
]
} |
constituents in the active extract were identified as the cardenolides somalin , hongheloside a , 16-acetylstrospeside , and honghelin and the flavonol 3,3'-bis ( o-methyl ) quercetin . | NA | {
"id": "C0060444",
"name": "flavonol",
"pos": [
143,
151
]
} | {
"id": "C0034392",
"name": "quercetin",
"pos": [
174,
183
]
} |
calcium was determined in calcium phosphate samples by dissolving the sample in hydrochloric acid , adding hydroxynaphthol blue indicator and triethanolamine , adjusting the ph to 12.3 -- 12.5 with potassium hydroxide solution , and titrating with standard disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate solution . | NA | {
"id": "C0006675",
"name": "calcium",
"pos": [
0,
7
]
} | {
"id": "C0006711",
"name": "calcium phosphate",
"pos": [
26,
43
]
} |
the inhibition of catechol-o-methyltransferase by u-0521 caused a decrease of nmn and omda during the spontaneous outflow , and a shift from o-methylation to deamination of ne . | NA | {
"id": "C0028385",
"name": "nmn",
"pos": [
78,
81
]
} | {
"id": "C0028351",
"name": "ne",
"pos": [
173,
175
]
} |
during electric stimulation , u-0521 markedly decreased the formation of nmn and omda and caused an increase in outflow of ne . | NA | {
"id": "C0028385",
"name": "nmn",
"pos": [
73,
76
]
} | {
"id": "C0028351",
"name": "ne",
"pos": [
123,
125
]
} |
pentobarbital , at doses 3 to 10 times the hypnotic range , prevented audiogenic seizures in physically dependent rats withdrawn from sodium barbital but thalidomide did not substitute for barbiturates even at doses 30 times those that increased sleep . | NA | {
"id": "C0030883",
"name": "pentobarbital",
"pos": [
0,
13
]
} | {
"id": "C0004745",
"name": "barbiturates",
"pos": [
189,
201
]
} |
effect of alteration of metabolism on the analgesic activity , toxicity , distribution and excretion of l-alpha-acetylmethadol in the rat . | NA | {
"id": "C0025519",
"name": "metabolism",
"pos": [
24,
34
]
} | {
"id": "C0221102",
"name": "excretion",
"pos": [
91,
100
]
} |
norepinephrine was 28 times , epinephrine 15 times and isoproterenol 1.7 times as effective as their respective dipivalyl derivatives . | NA | {
"id": "C0028351",
"name": "norepinephrine",
"pos": [
0,
14
]
} | {
"id": "C0014563",
"name": "epinephrine",
"pos": [
30,
41
]
} |
however , ca current could be separately blocked by externally applied cd ions ( k ( d ) = 7.2 x 10 ( -5 ) m ) and by the use of fluoride as an intracellular anion.4 . | NA | {
"id": "C0022023",
"name": "ions",
"pos": [
74,
78
]
} | {
"id": "C0003075",
"name": "anion",
"pos": [
158,
163
]
} |
however , ca current could be separately blocked by externally applied cd ions ( k ( d ) = 7.2 x 10 ( -5 ) m ) and by the use of fluoride as an intracellular anion.4 . | NA | {
"id": "C0016327",
"name": "fluoride",
"pos": [
129,
137
]
} | {
"id": "C0003075",
"name": "anion",
"pos": [
158,
163
]
} |
daily changes in maternal blood glucose levels were associated with smaller changes in foetal blood glucose and fructose levels . | NA | {
"id": "C0005802",
"name": "in",
"pos": [
14,
16
]
} | {
"id": "C0017725",
"name": "glucose",
"pos": [
100,
107
]
} |
these measurements of a ( i ) ( cl ) were obtained from the potential difference between the chloride-sensitive electrode and an intracellular indifferent micro-electrode filled with potassium chloride . | NA | {
"id": "C0008203",
"name": "chloride",
"pos": [
93,
101
]
} | {
"id": "C0032825",
"name": "potassium chloride",
"pos": [
183,
201
]
} |
the photopotentials result from changes in the ionic distribution across the decane-water interface and can be cancelled by lipid soluble anions . | NA | {
"id": "C0022023",
"name": "ionic",
"pos": [
47,
52
]
} | {
"id": "C0003075",
"name": "anions",
"pos": [
138,
144
]
} |
the effects of several simple parameters ( ph , concentration of bivalent cations , osmotic pressure , and temperature ) on the ion permeability and mechanical properties of cell contacts have been investigated . | NA | {
"id": "C0007447",
"name": "cations",
"pos": [
74,
81
]
} | {
"id": "C0022023",
"name": "ion",
"pos": [
128,
131
]
} |
an intimate correlation has been established between changes in passive transepithelial ion permeability and cell adhesion in response to changes in ph and in bivalent cation concentration . | NA | {
"id": "C0022023",
"name": "ion",
"pos": [
20,
23
]
} | {
"id": "C0007447",
"name": "cation",
"pos": [
168,
174
]
} |
leukemia and multiple myeloma were associated with sales personnel of both sexes , whereas lymphomas and hodgkin 's disease were excessive among women working in the medical industry . | NA | {
"id": "C0024299",
"name": "lymphomas",
"pos": [
91,
100
]
} | {
"id": "C0019829",
"name": "hodgkin 's disease",
"pos": [
105,
123
]
} |
maintenance of ectopic chorionic gonadotropin and alpha subunit secretion by a human lung cancer cell line ( chago ) transplanted into nude mice . | NA | {
"id": "C0018062",
"name": "chorionic gonadotropin",
"pos": [
23,
45
]
} | {
"id": "C0017963",
"name": "alpha subunit",
"pos": [
50,
63
]
} |
binding levels of dnp were as high as those with the two acyclic n-nitrosamines dmn and den , but binding levels of npy and npd were lower . | NA | {
"id": "C0028197",
"name": "nitrosamines",
"pos": [
67,
79
]
} | {
"id": "C0012431",
"name": "dmn",
"pos": [
80,
83
]
} |
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