text stringlengths 57 1.72k | relation stringclasses 125
values | h dict | t dict |
|---|---|---|---|
hydroxyproline specific activity of nondialyzable procollagen in culture medium as well as extracellular and intracellular free proline specific activity were determined by an ultramicromethod in which the radiolabeled amino acids were reacted with [ 14c ] dansyl chloride of known specific activity [ airhart et al . ( 1979 ) anal . biochem . 96 , 45-55 ] . | NA | {
"id": "C0020388",
"name": "hydroxyproline",
"pos": [
0,
14
]
} | {
"id": "C0033382",
"name": "proline",
"pos": [
128,
135
]
} |
cultured neonatal rat and hamster astrocytes , human dermal fibroblasts , and mouse and rat brain regions were assayed . o-phthalaldehyde forms a fluorescent complex with glutathione , oxidized glutathione , and histidyl compounds in the absence of added thiol . | NA | {
"id": "C0017817",
"name": "glutathione",
"pos": [
171,
182
]
} | {
"id": "C0061516",
"name": "oxidized",
"pos": [
185,
193
]
} |
developing gct cells could not be distinguished from their precursor cells in the striated ducts until 25 days of age . | NA | {
"id": "C0007634",
"name": "cells",
"pos": [
15,
20
]
} | {
"id": "C0018956",
"name": "precursor cells",
"pos": [
59,
74
]
} |
seventeen asthmatic children , nine with and eight without exercise-induced asthma ( eia ) , and nine control non-asthmatic children were studied in an attempt to discern possible associations between the activity of the kinin system and eia . | NA | {
"id": "C0004096",
"name": "asthmatic",
"pos": [
10,
19
]
} | {
"id": "C0004099",
"name": "eia",
"pos": [
238,
241
]
} |
etiologies of the cardiac arrests were the following : toxic exposure or ingestion ( 26 % ) , atherosclerotic heart disease ( 23 % ) , undetermined ( 11 % ) , pulmonary embolism ( 6 % ) , hemorrhage ( 6 % ) , epilepsy ( 2 % ) , cardiomyopathy ( 7 % ) , myocarditis ( 2 % ) , pneumonia ( 4 % ) , and one case each of airway obstruction , asthma , peptic disease , and septic shock . | NA | {
"id": "C0878544",
"name": "cardiomyopathy",
"pos": [
228,
242
]
} | {
"id": "C0027059",
"name": "myocarditis",
"pos": [
253,
264
]
} |
it is generally admitted that its toxic effect is due to the lipid a portion of lps . | NA | {
"id": "C0023767",
"name": "lipid a",
"pos": [
61,
68
]
} | {
"id": "C0023810",
"name": "lps",
"pos": [
80,
83
]
} |
the value of plasma adrenaline and noradrenaline as tumour markers in the diagnosis , tumour localisation , and post-operative follow-up of four patients with phaeochromocytoma is emphasised . | NA | {
"id": "C0014563",
"name": "adrenaline",
"pos": [
20,
30
]
} | {
"id": "C0028351",
"name": "noradrenaline",
"pos": [
35,
48
]
} |
the immunochemical determination of apolipoprotein a , total apolipoprotein a-i and 'free ' apolipoprotein a-i in serum of patients on chronic haemodialysis . | NA | {
"id": "C0003592",
"name": "apolipoprotein a",
"pos": [
36,
52
]
} | {
"id": "C0085201",
"name": "apolipoprotein a-i",
"pos": [
92,
110
]
} |
we have determined by radial immunodiffusion the apolipoprotein a content of undelipidated serum samples from 30 patients on chronic haemodialysis and 28 controls using an antiserum against high density lipoprotein ( anti-apolipoprotein a ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0003592",
"name": "apolipoprotein a",
"pos": [
49,
65
]
} | {
"id": "C0003591",
"name": "apolipoprotein",
"pos": [
222,
236
]
} |
the techniques are exemplified in two cephalometric studies : the description and prediction of normal craniofacial growth , and a comparison of the craniofacial deformities associated with apert 's and crouzon 's syndromes . | NA | {
"id": "C0376634",
"name": "craniofacial deformities",
"pos": [
149,
173
]
} | {
"id": "C0010273",
"name": "crouzon 's syndromes",
"pos": [
203,
223
]
} |
albumin-synthesizing capacity of hepatocytes isolated from rats fed diets differing in protein and energy content . | NA | {
"id": "C0001924",
"name": "albumin",
"pos": [
0,
7
]
} | {
"id": "C0033684",
"name": "protein",
"pos": [
87,
94
]
} |
albumin production by cells prepared from animals fed ad libitum was directly related to the protein energy : total energy ratio of the food . | NA | {
"id": "C0001924",
"name": "albumin",
"pos": [
0,
7
]
} | {
"id": "C0033684",
"name": "protein",
"pos": [
93,
100
]
} |
these different changes in the total plasma cholesterol level are explained by the specific effects of cystine on each lipoprotein : whatever the diet , cystine supplementation reduced the chylomicron and vldl cholesterol contents and increased that of ldl ( especially ldl2 : density 1.040-1.063 ) and hdl . | NA | {
"id": "C0023820",
"name": "lipoprotein",
"pos": [
119,
130
]
} | {
"id": "C0008731",
"name": "chylomicron",
"pos": [
189,
200
]
} |
excluding all traumatic , pain , headache , alcohol , psychiatric , and special-sense disorders , neurological diseases have an annual incidence and prevalence rate , respectively , of 1.1 and 3.6 % of the population . | NA | {
"id": "C0030193",
"name": "pain",
"pos": [
26,
30
]
} | {
"id": "C0018681",
"name": "headache",
"pos": [
33,
41
]
} |
substances increasing the cell resistance ( sodium nucleinate , prodigiosan and pyrogenal alone and sodium nucleinate combinations with the bacterial polysaccharides ) were used . | NA | {
"id": "C0033260",
"name": "prodigiosan",
"pos": [
64,
75
]
} | {
"id": "C0032595",
"name": "bacterial polysaccharides",
"pos": [
140,
165
]
} |
in the adrenaline system ( ph 10.2 ) , aminoglycosides might be arranged , according to the inhibitory effect , in the following order : monomycin greater than gentamicin greater than kanamycin greater than lincomycin greater than streptomycin . | NA | {
"id": "C0002556",
"name": "aminoglycosides",
"pos": [
39,
54
]
} | {
"id": "C0017436",
"name": "gentamicin",
"pos": [
160,
170
]
} |
in the adrenaline system ( ph 10.2 ) , aminoglycosides might be arranged , according to the inhibitory effect , in the following order : monomycin greater than gentamicin greater than kanamycin greater than lincomycin greater than streptomycin . | NA | {
"id": "C0002556",
"name": "aminoglycosides",
"pos": [
39,
54
]
} | {
"id": "C0038425",
"name": "streptomycin",
"pos": [
231,
243
]
} |
a relatively high frequency of the strains of gram-negative bacteria , especially among pseudomonas spp . and enterobacter spp. , resistant to aminoglycoside antibiotics , such as gentamicin , sisomycin and tobramycin with preserved sensitivity to amikacin and netilmicin in the majority of the strains was shown . | NA | {
"id": "C0017436",
"name": "gentamicin",
"pos": [
180,
190
]
} | {
"id": "C0037209",
"name": "sisomycin",
"pos": [
193,
202
]
} |
a relatively high frequency of the strains of gram-negative bacteria , especially among pseudomonas spp . and enterobacter spp. , resistant to aminoglycoside antibiotics , such as gentamicin , sisomycin and tobramycin with preserved sensitivity to amikacin and netilmicin in the majority of the strains was shown . | NA | {
"id": "C0037209",
"name": "sisomycin",
"pos": [
193,
202
]
} | {
"id": "C0027780",
"name": "netilmicin",
"pos": [
261,
271
]
} |
in its protective activity against cutaneous herpes simplex virus type 1 infection in hairless mice , bromovinyldeoxyuridine was clearly superior to other established antiherpes compounds such as 5-iodo-2'-deoxyuridine , 5-ethyl-2'-deoxyuridine , arabinosyl thymine , and arabinosyl ( e ) -5- ( 2-bromovinyl ) uracil when formulated at 10 % in dmso or azone-dmso . | NA | {
"id": "C0040087",
"name": "thymine",
"pos": [
258,
265
]
} | {
"id": "C0041917",
"name": "uracil",
"pos": [
310,
316
]
} |
fr 17027 , a new orally absorbed cephalosporin ester , inhibited group a and b streptococci and streptococcus pneumoniae at less than or equal to 0.1 micrograms/ml , which is similar to the inhibition concentration of amoxicillin and cefaclor , and was more active than cephalexin . | NA | {
"id": "C0007537",
"name": "cefaclor",
"pos": [
234,
242
]
} | {
"id": "C0007716",
"name": "cephalexin",
"pos": [
270,
280
]
} |
fr 17027 inhibited beta-lactamase-producing isolates of neisseria gonorrhoeae , haemophilus influenzae , and branhamella catarrhalis at less than 0.1 micrograms/ml and was more active than cefaclor or cephalexin against these bacteria . | NA | {
"id": "C0007537",
"name": "cefaclor",
"pos": [
189,
197
]
} | {
"id": "C0007716",
"name": "cephalexin",
"pos": [
201,
211
]
} |
fr 17027 inhibited escherichia coli , klebsiella pneumoniae , proteus mirabilis , klebsiella oxytoca , providencia stuartii , providencia rettgeri , and citrobacter diversus at less than or equal to 1 microgram/ml , including isolated resistant to amoxicillin , cephalexin , and cefaclor , but it was less active than ceftizoxime . | NA | {
"id": "C0007716",
"name": "cephalexin",
"pos": [
262,
272
]
} | {
"id": "C0007537",
"name": "cefaclor",
"pos": [
279,
287
]
} |
k-4619 was also active in mice infected with gentamicin- or amikacin-resistant strains bearing some of the aminoglycoside-inactivating enzymes . | NA | {
"id": "C0017436",
"name": "gentamicin",
"pos": [
45,
55
]
} | {
"id": "C0002556",
"name": "aminoglycoside",
"pos": [
107,
121
]
} |
the effects of two inoculum sizes ( 10 ( 4 ) and 10 ( 6 ) cfu ) on the mics of 20 beta-lactam antibiotics , 4 aminoglycosides , and 7 other antimicrobial agents were compared for 102 unselected strains of neisseria gonorrhoeae ( 26 penicillinase positive and 76 penicillinase negative ) , with three replicates for each test . | NA | {
"id": "C0002556",
"name": "aminoglycosides",
"pos": [
110,
125
]
} | {
"id": "C1136254",
"name": "antimicrobial agents",
"pos": [
140,
160
]
} |
for penicillinase-positive strains , a large inoculum ( 10 ( 6 ) cfu ) increased the mic greater than or equal to 16-fold for benzylpenicillin , piperacillin , azlocillin , and mezlocillin and increased the mic greater than or equal to 8-fold for ampicillin , cefoperazone , ceftazidime , cefonicid , and cefamandole . | NA | {
"id": "C0030827",
"name": "benzylpenicillin",
"pos": [
126,
142
]
} | {
"id": "C0002680",
"name": "ampicillin",
"pos": [
247,
257
]
} |
for penicillinase-positive strains , a large inoculum ( 10 ( 6 ) cfu ) increased the mic greater than or equal to 16-fold for benzylpenicillin , piperacillin , azlocillin , and mezlocillin and increased the mic greater than or equal to 8-fold for ampicillin , cefoperazone , ceftazidime , cefonicid , and cefamandole . | NA | {
"id": "C0031955",
"name": "piperacillin",
"pos": [
145,
157
]
} | {
"id": "C0002680",
"name": "ampicillin",
"pos": [
247,
257
]
} |
for penicillinase-positive strains , a large inoculum ( 10 ( 6 ) cfu ) increased the mic greater than or equal to 16-fold for benzylpenicillin , piperacillin , azlocillin , and mezlocillin and increased the mic greater than or equal to 8-fold for ampicillin , cefoperazone , ceftazidime , cefonicid , and cefamandole . | NA | {
"id": "C0004499",
"name": "azlocillin",
"pos": [
160,
170
]
} | {
"id": "C0002680",
"name": "ampicillin",
"pos": [
247,
257
]
} |
for penicillinase-positive strains , a large inoculum ( 10 ( 6 ) cfu ) increased the mic greater than or equal to 16-fold for benzylpenicillin , piperacillin , azlocillin , and mezlocillin and increased the mic greater than or equal to 8-fold for ampicillin , cefoperazone , ceftazidime , cefonicid , and cefamandole . | NA | {
"id": "C0025893",
"name": "mezlocillin",
"pos": [
177,
188
]
} | {
"id": "C0002680",
"name": "ampicillin",
"pos": [
247,
257
]
} |
for penicillinase-positive strains , a large inoculum ( 10 ( 6 ) cfu ) increased the mic greater than or equal to 16-fold for benzylpenicillin , piperacillin , azlocillin , and mezlocillin and increased the mic greater than or equal to 8-fold for ampicillin , cefoperazone , ceftazidime , cefonicid , and cefamandole . | NA | {
"id": "C0007552",
"name": "cefoperazone",
"pos": [
260,
272
]
} | {
"id": "C0007541",
"name": "cefamandole",
"pos": [
305,
316
]
} |
for penicillinase-positive strains , the most active antibiotics ( mic , less than or equal to 0.001 microgram/ml ) were the new cephalosporins : cefotaxime , ceftazidime , ceftizoxime , ceftriaxone , and cefmenoxime . | NA | {
"id": "C0007554",
"name": "cefotaxime",
"pos": [
146,
156
]
} | {
"id": "C0007560",
"name": "ceftizoxime",
"pos": [
173,
184
]
} |
for penicillinase-positive strains , the most active antibiotics ( mic , less than or equal to 0.001 microgram/ml ) were the new cephalosporins : cefotaxime , ceftazidime , ceftizoxime , ceftriaxone , and cefmenoxime . | NA | {
"id": "C0007554",
"name": "cefotaxime",
"pos": [
146,
156
]
} | {
"id": "C0007561",
"name": "ceftriaxone",
"pos": [
187,
198
]
} |
for penicillinase-positive strains , the most active antibiotics ( mic , less than or equal to 0.001 microgram/ml ) were the new cephalosporins : cefotaxime , ceftazidime , ceftizoxime , ceftriaxone , and cefmenoxime . | NA | {
"id": "C0007554",
"name": "cefotaxime",
"pos": [
146,
156
]
} | {
"id": "C0007549",
"name": "cefmenoxime",
"pos": [
205,
216
]
} |
ventromedial and lateral hypothalamic injections of naloxone or naltrexone suppress the acute food intake of food-deprived rats . | NA | {
"id": "C0027358",
"name": "naloxone",
"pos": [
52,
60
]
} | {
"id": "C0027360",
"name": "naltrexone",
"pos": [
64,
74
]
} |
experiments were conducted to determine the anorexigenic effects of ventromedial ( vmh ) and lateral hypothalamic ( lh ) injections of the mu-opiate receptor antagonists , naloxone and naltrexone , on food-deprived ( 20 h ) rats . | NA | {
"id": "C0027358",
"name": "naloxone",
"pos": [
172,
180
]
} | {
"id": "C0027360",
"name": "naltrexone",
"pos": [
185,
195
]
} |
lever pressing to obtain food pellets was measured in groups of hungry , male sprague-dawley rats following vmh , lh or subcutaneous ( sc ) injections of saline , naloxone or naltrexone . | NA | {
"id": "C0027358",
"name": "naloxone",
"pos": [
163,
171
]
} | {
"id": "C0027360",
"name": "naltrexone",
"pos": [
175,
185
]
} |
moreover , the anorexia observed following vmh naloxone administration was similar to that found after vmh injections of equal doses of naltrexone . | NA | {
"id": "C0027358",
"name": "naloxone",
"pos": [
47,
55
]
} | {
"id": "C0027360",
"name": "naltrexone",
"pos": [
136,
146
]
} |
the enzyme was immobilized on aldehyde dextran , and some kinetic parameters of the immobilized enzyme were determined . | NA | {
"id": "C0014442",
"name": "enzyme",
"pos": [
4,
10
]
} | {
"id": "C0014444",
"name": "immobilized enzyme",
"pos": [
84,
102
]
} |
water within the distribution system conformed to international standards for drinking water but contained aeromonas spp . in numbers comparable to those in raw surface water , although this water was free of escherichia coli . | NA | {
"id": "C0599638",
"name": "drinking water",
"pos": [
78,
92
]
} | {
"id": "C0043047",
"name": "water",
"pos": [
191,
196
]
} |
the extent to which slaframine and swainsonine mycotoxicosis pose threats to animal husbandry and , indeed , to humans , if these alkaloids were to enter the human food chain , deserves serious consideration . | NA | {
"id": "C0085535",
"name": "swainsonine",
"pos": [
35,
46
]
} | {
"id": "C0002062",
"name": "alkaloids",
"pos": [
130,
139
]
} |
peroxidative damage to dna was studied in rats fed either a diet with 10 % tocopherol-stripped corn oil and 30 iu dl-alpha-tocopherol acetate/kg ( group a ) , the same diet without vitamin e ( group b ) , a diet with 24 % corn oil without vitamin e ( group c ) , or the diet of group a for 10 months and then the diet of group c for 4 months ( group d ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0994472",
"name": "dl-alpha-tocopherol acetate",
"pos": [
114,
141
]
} | {
"id": "C0042874",
"name": "vitamin e",
"pos": [
239,
248
]
} |
the binding of these monoclonal antibodies to cells probably depends on the density of antigens on the cell surface , each antibody requiring a different density . | NA | {
"id": "C0003250",
"name": "monoclonal antibodies",
"pos": [
21,
42
]
} | {
"id": "C0003241",
"name": "antibody",
"pos": [
123,
131
]
} |
the purines , listed in descending order of rates of catabolism to urate , were hypoxanthine , xanthine , inosine , guanosine , guanine , imp , gmp , adenosine , amp , and adenine . | NA | {
"id": "C0034140",
"name": "purines",
"pos": [
4,
11
]
} | {
"id": "C0001407",
"name": "adenine",
"pos": [
172,
179
]
} |
adenine , adenosine , and amp inhibited de novo urate synthesis [ ( 14c ] formate incorporation into urate ) , whereas the other purines , especially guanine , guanosine , and gmp , stimulated de novo urate synthesis . | NA | {
"id": "C0001407",
"name": "adenine",
"pos": [
0,
7
]
} | {
"id": "C0034140",
"name": "purines",
"pos": [
129,
136
]
} |
these results indicate that the ratio of adenine to guanine nucleotides and the interaction between substrates and purine nucleotides are involved in the regulation of urate biosynthesis in chicken liver . | NA | {
"id": "C0018328",
"name": "guanine nucleotides",
"pos": [
52,
71
]
} | {
"id": "C0034137",
"name": "purine nucleotides",
"pos": [
115,
133
]
} |
luteinization of rat ovaries by injection of hcg indicated that g/f concentrations increased approximately 2-fold over a 5- to 11-day period , and correlated significantly with increased beta-adrenergic receptors , and beta-adrenergic and naf-stimulated adenylate cyclase , but not with hcg receptors or hcg-stimulated adenylate cyclase . | NA | {
"id": "C0016327",
"name": "f",
"pos": [
15,
16
]
} | {
"id": "C0037508",
"name": "naf",
"pos": [
239,
242
]
} |
the atrial enzyme is also inhibited by d-2-methyl-3-mercaptopropanoyl-l-pro ( captopril ) , 3-mercaptopropanoyl-l-pro , 2-d-methylsuccinyl-l-pro , and bradykinin potentiating factor , all inhibitors of the angiotensin i-converting enzyme . | NA | {
"id": "C0006938",
"name": "captopril",
"pos": [
78,
87
]
} | {
"id": "C0033382",
"name": "pro",
"pos": [
141,
144
]
} |
this alteration led to a 500-fold reduction in the heparin-dependent acceleration of thrombin-modified antithrombin interactions , as well as a 10-fold decrease in the avidity of the modified protease inhibitor for mucopolysaccharide . | NA | {
"id": "C0019134",
"name": "heparin",
"pos": [
51,
58
]
} | {
"id": "C0017973",
"name": "mucopolysaccharide",
"pos": [
215,
233
]
} |
a study of the reactivity of ho2/o2- with unsaturated hydroperoxides/peroxides was carried out in a stopped-flow spectrophotometer equipped with an o2 -- generating plasma lamp . | NA | {
"id": "C0020281",
"name": "hydroperoxides",
"pos": [
54,
68
]
} | {
"id": "C0031180",
"name": "peroxides",
"pos": [
69,
78
]
} |
the results show that , in 80 % aqueous ethanol solution containing either 0.05 m h2so4 ( for ho2 studies ) or 0.005 m koh ( for o2- studies ) , these oxy-radicals do not react with oleic acid hydroperoxide , linoleic acid hydroperoxide , 1-hydroperoxy-2-cyclooctene , and tert-butyl allyl peroxide . | NA | {
"id": "C0020281",
"name": "hydroperoxide",
"pos": [
193,
206
]
} | {
"id": "C0031180",
"name": "peroxide",
"pos": [
290,
298
]
} |
when iron was supplied as ferric citrate , citrate was not taken up by the cells . | NA | {
"id": "C0302583",
"name": "iron",
"pos": [
5,
9
]
} | {
"id": "C0060231",
"name": "ferric citrate",
"pos": [
26,
40
]
} |
thus , the total phospholipid asymmetry obtained by two independent methods was small but consistent with a complementary asymmetric protein structure , and may be related to the highly vectorial functional properties of the calcium pump atpase protein in the sarcoplasmic reticulum membrane . | NA | {
"id": "C0001476",
"name": "calcium pump",
"pos": [
225,
237
]
} | {
"id": "C0001473",
"name": "atpase",
"pos": [
238,
244
]
} |
this involved the use of simple carbohydrates , n-acetyllactosamine , and oligosaccharides which occur in the carbohydrate units of n-glycoproteins ; | NA | {
"id": "C0026492",
"name": "simple carbohydrates",
"pos": [
25,
45
]
} | {
"id": "C0007004",
"name": "carbohydrate",
"pos": [
110,
122
]
} |
estracyt ( estramustine phosphate ) is a nitrogen mustard derivative of estradiol-17 beta which is rapidly dephosphorylated to yield estramustine . | NA | {
"id": "C0014912",
"name": "estradiol-17 beta",
"pos": [
72,
89
]
} | {
"id": "C0014921",
"name": "estramustine",
"pos": [
133,
145
]
} |
eleven ( 27 % ) of these cases have survived usefully over five years , including 6 cases ( 30 % ) out of 20 with glioblastoma ( astrocytoma iii , iv approximately kernohan ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0017636",
"name": "glioblastoma",
"pos": [
114,
126
]
} | {
"id": "C0004114",
"name": "astrocytoma",
"pos": [
129,
140
]
} |
local predisposing anatomic and stone factors were studied in 150 patients with gallstones in order to analyze why some patients with cholelithiasis acquire gallstone pancreatitis and others do not . | NA | {
"id": "C0006736",
"name": "stone",
"pos": [
32,
37
]
} | {
"id": "C0008350",
"name": "cholelithiasis",
"pos": [
134,
148
]
} |
total parenteral nutrition ( tpn ) was given to 121 patients admitted with severe pancreatitis ( 73 ) , chronic pancreatitis ( 23 ) , or pancreatic malignancy ( 25 ) over 104 months . | NA | {
"id": "C0030305",
"name": "pancreatitis",
"pos": [
82,
94
]
} | {
"id": "C0149521",
"name": "chronic pancreatitis",
"pos": [
104,
124
]
} |
the order of potency of catecholamines for the binding was ( - ) -isoproterenol greater than ( - ) -epinephrine greater than ( - ) -norepinephrine , indicating a population of mainly beta 2-adrenoceptors . | NA | {
"id": "C0014563",
"name": "epinephrine",
"pos": [
100,
111
]
} | {
"id": "C0028351",
"name": "norepinephrine",
"pos": [
132,
146
]
} |
the morphologic differences in fibroblastic activity suggest that the mucinoses of scleredema and scleromyxedema represent a local process , whereas the gag infiltration of thyroid diseases may have a systemic origin . | NA | {
"id": "C0162855",
"name": "mucinoses",
"pos": [
70,
79
]
} | {
"id": "C0036413",
"name": "scleredema",
"pos": [
83,
93
]
} |
the morphologic differences in fibroblastic activity suggest that the mucinoses of scleredema and scleromyxedema represent a local process , whereas the gag infiltration of thyroid diseases may have a systemic origin . | NA | {
"id": "C0162855",
"name": "mucinoses",
"pos": [
70,
79
]
} | {
"id": "C0263390",
"name": "scleromyxedema",
"pos": [
98,
112
]
} |
a study of preoperative parameters which could influence long-term results showed that the quality of long-term survival was significantly correlated to age , the duration of cardiac disease before surgery , cardiomegaly and the presence of preoperative cardiac failure and tricuspid regurgitation . | NA | {
"id": "C0018799",
"name": "the",
"pos": [
87,
90
]
} | {
"id": "C0018800",
"name": "cardiomegaly",
"pos": [
208,
220
]
} |
the authors studied 32 patients with ventricular arrhythmias -- ventricular tachycardia ( vt ) or frequent ventricular extrasystoles ( ves ) and/or runs of extrasystole and cardiomyopathy with dilatation . | NA | {
"id": "C0151636",
"name": "ventricular extrasystoles",
"pos": [
107,
132
]
} | {
"id": "C0340464",
"name": "extrasystole",
"pos": [
156,
168
]
} |
with all rations there were always net losses of some amino acids ( his , arg ) and net gains ( lys , thr , ser , gly , val , met and tyr ) at the duodenum in comparison intake . | NA | {
"id": "C0002520",
"name": "amino acids",
"pos": [
54,
65
]
} | {
"id": "C0017890",
"name": "gly",
"pos": [
114,
117
]
} |
15n from urea was incorporated into all the amino acids determined in the duodenal protein , most intensively into glu , ser , asp , ile , gly , his and leu . | NA | {
"id": "C0002520",
"name": "amino acids",
"pos": [
44,
55
]
} | {
"id": "C0017890",
"name": "gly",
"pos": [
139,
142
]
} |
the incorporation of urea-15n ( given as an intraruminal drench or infusion ) into plasma urea and protein of dairy cows fed isoenergetic rations with different levels of plant protein ( 9 , 11 , 12 , 14 , 15 and 17 % in dm ) was investigated . | NA | {
"id": "C0033684",
"name": "protein",
"pos": [
99,
106
]
} | {
"id": "C0032089",
"name": "plant protein",
"pos": [
171,
184
]
} |
the most important factors in drug management of epilepsy are an accurate diagnosis of the type of seizures ; | NA | {
"id": "C0014544",
"name": "epilepsy",
"pos": [
49,
57
]
} | {
"id": "C0036572",
"name": "seizures",
"pos": [
99,
107
]
} |
a tentative diagnosis , based on history and gross lesions , was confirmed by one or more of the following observations : cowdry type a inclusions in the hepatocytes and cells of other affected tissues , pathogenicity of tissue suspensions for chicken embryos , cytopathic effects of herpesvirus in monolayers of chicken embryo fibroblasts , and demonstration of herpesvirus in cell-culture fluid by electron microscopy . | NA | {
"id": "C0016030",
"name": "fibroblasts",
"pos": [
328,
339
]
} | {
"id": "C0007634",
"name": "cell",
"pos": [
378,
382
]
} |
thus , the effects of physostigmine may be a convenient model for screening for treatments for motion sickness or space adaptation syndrome , or for predicting who will develop these syndromes . | NA | {
"id": "C0026603",
"name": "motion",
"pos": [
95,
101
]
} | {
"id": "C0242700",
"name": "space adaptation syndrome",
"pos": [
114,
139
]
} |
six cats with stable seizure thresholds were treated with 150 mg/kg of chloramphenicol or its cogener , thiamphenicol , at 12-h intervals over a 30-h period . | NA | {
"id": "C0008168",
"name": "chloramphenicol",
"pos": [
71,
86
]
} | {
"id": "C0039854",
"name": "thiamphenicol",
"pos": [
104,
117
]
} |
rapid eye movement ( rem ) sleep was significantly attenuated after chloramphenicol but was unaffected by thiamphenicol , as previously shown . | NA | {
"id": "C0008168",
"name": "chloramphenicol",
"pos": [
68,
83
]
} | {
"id": "C0039854",
"name": "thiamphenicol",
"pos": [
106,
119
]
} |
the results extend previous work showing that protein synthesis inhibitors which suppress rem sleep increase seizure susceptibility only in animals that are either highly predisposed to seizures or that display rem sleep disruption as the sole sleep deficit associated with their seizure condition . | NA | {
"id": "C0036572",
"name": "seizure",
"pos": [
109,
116
]
} | {
"id": "C0014544",
"name": "seizure condition",
"pos": [
280,
297
]
} |
other phenomena , such as insulitis in juvenile diabetics and in experimental animals , cellular immune reactions and concommitant antibodies against other endocrine organs , antinuclear antibodies and circulating immune complexes have supported such speculations . | NA | {
"id": "C0003241",
"name": "antibodies",
"pos": [
131,
141
]
} | {
"id": "C0003313",
"name": "circulating immune complexes",
"pos": [
202,
230
]
} |
these results indicate that in hearts without a significant collateral blood flow reperfusion can only reduce infarct size if its initiated within 60-75 min of ischemia . | NA | {
"id": "C0021308",
"name": "infarct",
"pos": [
110,
117
]
} | {
"id": "C0022116",
"name": "ischemia",
"pos": [
160,
168
]
} |
most non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are competitive inhibitors ( e.g . ki for indomethacin , 0.20 microm for 9,10-phenanthrenequinone reduction at ph 6.0 , and 0.835 microm for androsterone oxidation at ph 7.0 ) , except for salicylates , which act non-competitively ( e.g . ki for aspirin , 650 microm for androsterone oxidation ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0036077",
"name": "salicylates",
"pos": [
232,
243
]
} | {
"id": "C0004057",
"name": "aspirin",
"pos": [
289,
296
]
} |
these results indicate that live macrophage elastinolysis is a co-operative process involving multiple proteinases , especially a cysteine proteinase ( s ) and elastase . | NA | {
"id": "C0030940",
"name": "proteinases",
"pos": [
103,
114
]
} | {
"id": "C2717970",
"name": "cysteine proteinase",
"pos": [
130,
149
]
} |
however , its chromatographic behaviour on cm-cellulose and deae-cellulose was almost identical with that previously reported for the latter enzyme , including resolution into two peaks on the anion-exchanger . | NA | {
"id": "C0007648",
"name": "cellulose",
"pos": [
46,
55
]
} | {
"id": "C0011050",
"name": "deae-cellulose",
"pos": [
60,
74
]
} |
spermidine ( spd ) and spermine ( spm ) produced in anaesthetized dogs significant cardiovascular changes at higher doses than other transmitters , i.e . l-noradrenaline , l-adrenaline , histamine , acetylcholine , which produce cardiovascular effects at doses of 0.01-0.05 micrograms/kg given intravenously . | NA | {
"id": "C0028351",
"name": "noradrenaline",
"pos": [
156,
169
]
} | {
"id": "C0014563",
"name": "adrenaline",
"pos": [
174,
184
]
} |
via choline dimethylaminoethanol might run , like orotic acid , into a cdp-choline pool , the generation of which is able to be facilitated by piracetam which in turn increases the phosphorylation potential . | NA | {
"id": "C0008405",
"name": "choline",
"pos": [
4,
11
]
} | {
"id": "C0010725",
"name": "cdp-choline",
"pos": [
71,
82
]
} |
analysis of the sialic acids by capillary gas-liquid chromatography combined with mass spectrometry ( glc-ms ) revealed the occurrence of n-acetylneuraminic acid ( neu5ac ) , n-acetyl-9-o-acetylneuraminic acid ( neu5,9ac2 ) , n-acetyl-7,9-di-o-acetylneuraminic acid ( neu5,7,9ac3 ) , n-acetyl-9-o-lactylneuraminic acid ( neu5ac9lt ) and n-glycolyneuraminic acid ( neu5gc ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0037025",
"name": "sialic",
"pos": [
16,
22
]
} | {
"id": "C0067762",
"name": "n-acetylneuraminic acid",
"pos": [
138,
161
]
} |
conventional antisera used as a positive control in antibody tests during hybridoma screening and processing can be replaced to advantage by supernatants of short term spleen cell cultures . | NA | {
"id": "C0020960",
"name": "antisera",
"pos": [
13,
21
]
} | {
"id": "C0003241",
"name": "antibody",
"pos": [
52,
60
]
} |
jimpy mice are dysmyelinating mutants characterized by producing near normal levels of myelin basic protein ( mbp ) in the brain but failing to incorporate these proteins into the myelin sheath . | NA | {
"id": "C0014063",
"name": "myelin basic protein",
"pos": [
87,
107
]
} | {
"id": "C0026972",
"name": "proteins",
"pos": [
162,
170
]
} |
the influence of anions on na+ uptake was in agreement with known permeabilities for generation of electrical potentials ( thiocyanate greater than chloride greater than gluconate ) and was observed at 100 mm na+ but not at 40 microm . | NA | {
"id": "C0003075",
"name": "anions",
"pos": [
17,
23
]
} | {
"id": "C0008203",
"name": "chloride",
"pos": [
148,
156
]
} |
phalloidin and tropomyosin do not prevent actin filament shortening by the 90 kd protein-actin complex from brain . | NA | {
"id": "C0041197",
"name": "tropomyosin",
"pos": [
15,
26
]
} | {
"id": "C0025978",
"name": "actin filament",
"pos": [
42,
56
]
} |
cytidine did not inhibit the incorporation of [ 14c ] deoxycytidine into dna while deoxycytidine decreased the incorporation of [ 14c ] cytidine into dna . | NA | {
"id": "C0011485",
"name": "deoxycytidine",
"pos": [
54,
67
]
} | {
"id": "C0010715",
"name": "cytidine",
"pos": [
136,
144
]
} |
this 029 dna polymerase has been purified by phospho-cellulose , deae-cellulose , double-stranded dna cellulose chromatography and glycerol gradient centrifugation . | NA | {
"id": "C0011050",
"name": "deae-cellulose",
"pos": [
65,
79
]
} | {
"id": "C0007648",
"name": "cellulose",
"pos": [
102,
111
]
} |
however , the chemically related dihydropyridine derivative bay k 8644 ( methyl 1,4-dihydro-2,6-dimethyl-3-nitro-4- ( 2-trifluoromethylphenyl ) -pyridine-5- carboxylate ) enhances 45ca net uptake and insulin release and protects the b-cell against the inhibitory action of nifedipine . | NA | {
"id": "C0012315",
"name": "dihydropyridine",
"pos": [
33,
48
]
} | {
"id": "C0028066",
"name": "nifedipine",
"pos": [
273,
283
]
} |
the potency of the stable gtp analog , gtp gamma s , to reduce agonist binding in the presence of sodium was little changed in membranes prepared from pertussis toxin-treated cells compared to control membranes , whereas the potency of the stable gdp analog , gdp beta s , was magnified . | NA | {
"id": "C0018353",
"name": "gtp",
"pos": [
26,
29
]
} | {
"id": "C0079469",
"name": "gtp gamma s",
"pos": [
39,
50
]
} |
in the presence of gtp , gpp ( nh ) p , naf and cholera toxin the estradiol action on the phosphodiesterase activity was significantly decreased or failed to be revealed . | NA | {
"id": "C0018353",
"name": "gtp",
"pos": [
19,
22
]
} | {
"id": "C0018366",
"name": "gpp",
"pos": [
25,
28
]
} |
the amounts of the sulfonylureas bound to glucosylated hsa decreased by 44 % with tolazamide and acetohexamide , 50 % with glibenclamide , and 52 % with tolbutamide , compared to human serum albumin ( hsa ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0038766",
"name": "sulfonylureas",
"pos": [
19,
32
]
} | {
"id": "C0040372",
"name": "tolazamide",
"pos": [
82,
92
]
} |
the amounts of the sulfonylureas bound to glucosylated hsa decreased by 44 % with tolazamide and acetohexamide , 50 % with glibenclamide , and 52 % with tolbutamide , compared to human serum albumin ( hsa ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0038766",
"name": "sulfonylureas",
"pos": [
19,
32
]
} | {
"id": "C0000992",
"name": "acetohexamide",
"pos": [
97,
110
]
} |
the amounts of the sulfonylureas bound to glucosylated hsa decreased by 44 % with tolazamide and acetohexamide , 50 % with glibenclamide , and 52 % with tolbutamide , compared to human serum albumin ( hsa ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0038766",
"name": "sulfonylureas",
"pos": [
19,
32
]
} | {
"id": "C0017628",
"name": "glibenclamide",
"pos": [
123,
136
]
} |
this study shows that the decrease in the binding capacity of sulfonylureas with protein is due to the modification of albumin molecules by the covalent binding of glucose . | NA | {
"id": "C0033684",
"name": "protein",
"pos": [
81,
88
]
} | {
"id": "C0001924",
"name": "albumin",
"pos": [
119,
126
]
} |
the mechanism of action of cysteine , methionine , n-acetylcysteine ( nac ) and cysteamine in protecting against paracetamol ( apap ) induced hepatotoxicity in male c3h mice in vivo has been investigated by , characterising the effect of the individual protective agents on the metabolism of an hepatotoxic dose of apap , and determining the efficacy of the protective agents in animals treated with buthionine sulphoximine ( bso ) , a specific inhibitor of glutathione ( gsh ) synthesis . | NA | {
"id": "C0010654",
"name": "cysteine",
"pos": [
27,
35
]
} | {
"id": "C0001047",
"name": "n-acetylcysteine",
"pos": [
51,
67
]
} |
co-administration of cysteine , methionine or nac increased , while co-administration of cysteamine decreased , the proportion of gsh-derived conjugates of apap excreted in the urine of mice administered apap , 300 mg/kg . | NA | {
"id": "C0010654",
"name": "cysteine",
"pos": [
21,
29
]
} | {
"id": "C0001047",
"name": "nac",
"pos": [
46,
49
]
} |
pretreatment of animals with bso abolished the protective effect of cysteine , methionine and nac , whereas cysteamine still afforded protection against apap after bso treatment . | NA | {
"id": "C0010654",
"name": "cysteine",
"pos": [
68,
76
]
} | {
"id": "C0001047",
"name": "nac",
"pos": [
94,
97
]
} |
in conjunction with other data , these results suggest the most likely mechanism for the protective effect of cysteine , methionine and nac is by facilitating gsh synthesis , while the most likely mechanism for the protective effect of cysteamine is inhibition of cytochrome p-450 mediated formation of the reactive metabolite of apap . | NA | {
"id": "C0010654",
"name": "cysteine",
"pos": [
110,
118
]
} | {
"id": "C0001047",
"name": "nac",
"pos": [
136,
139
]
} |
the anti-inflammatory compound 2-phenyl-1,2-benzoisoselenazol-3 ( 2h ) -on ( pz 51 ) catalysed gssg formation from gsh in the presence of hydroperoxides in an nadph/gssg reductase system with the following rates ( delta log gsh/min per molar selenium ) : 1.1 x 10 ( 6 ) with h2o2 , 1.2 x 10 ( 6 ) with butylhydroperoxide , 1.7 x 10 ( 6 ) with cumenehydroperoxide . | NA | {
"id": "C0061516",
"name": "gssg",
"pos": [
95,
99
]
} | {
"id": "C0017817",
"name": "gsh",
"pos": [
224,
227
]
} |
the efficacies in displacing calcium from phosphatidylinositol , phosphatidylinositol phosphate or phosphatidylinositol bisphosphate were netilmicin greater than gentamicin greater than neomycin much greater than kanamycin greater than spectinomycin . | NA | {
"id": "C0031621",
"name": "phosphatidylinositol",
"pos": [
42,
62
]
} | {
"id": "C0071655",
"name": "phosphatidylinositol phosphate",
"pos": [
65,
95
]
} |
when monomolecular films of phosphatidylcholine with phosphatidylserine , cardiolipin , phosphatidylinositol , or phosphatidylinositol phosphate or bisphosphate were challenged with neomycin , the phosphatidylinositol bisphosphate film showed a unique dose-dependent increase in surface pressure while the others showed a decrease or no significant effect . | NA | {
"id": "C0031621",
"name": "phosphatidylinositol",
"pos": [
88,
108
]
} | {
"id": "C0071655",
"name": "phosphatidylinositol",
"pos": [
197,
217
]
} |
an o-specific polysaccharide from the lipopolysaccharide yersinia pseudotuberculosis 1a serovar has been isolated and characterized . | NA | {
"id": "C0069180",
"name": "o-specific polysaccharide",
"pos": [
3,
28
]
} | {
"id": "C0023810",
"name": "lipopolysaccharide",
"pos": [
38,
56
]
} |
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