text stringlengths 57 1.72k | relation stringclasses 125
values | h dict | t dict |
|---|---|---|---|
isolation and dna sequence of full-length cdna and of the entire gene for human apolipoprotein ai -- discovery of a new genetic polymorphism in the apo ai gene . | NA | {
"id": "C0003592",
"name": "apolipoprotein",
"pos": [
80,
94
]
} | {
"id": "C0085201",
"name": "apo ai",
"pos": [
148,
154
]
} |
available studies suggest that auranofin may be slightly less effective than parenteral gold , but is significantly less toxic , the main side effect being diarrhea . | NA | {
"id": "C0004320",
"name": "auranofin",
"pos": [
31,
40
]
} | {
"id": "C0018026",
"name": "gold",
"pos": [
88,
92
]
} |
if further studies demonstrate a healing effect of the drug , comparable with data suggesting this effect for parenteral gold , auranofin may become a first-line agent in rheumatoid arthritis . | NA | {
"id": "C0018026",
"name": "gold",
"pos": [
121,
125
]
} | {
"id": "C0004320",
"name": "auranofin",
"pos": [
128,
137
]
} |
one should therefore be aware of the possibility of drug-induced syndromes resembling rheumatoid arthritis , systemic lupus erythematosus , periarthritis of the shoulders , progressive systemic sclerosis , and other rheumatic and arthritic disorders . | NA | {
"id": "C0039082",
"name": "syndromes",
"pos": [
65,
74
]
} | {
"id": "C0012634",
"name": "disorders",
"pos": [
240,
249
]
} |
[ fluoride concentration in the serum and fluoride excretion in the urine after the oral intake of 5-30 mg fluoride from a naf solution ] . | NA | {
"id": "C0016327",
"name": "fluoride",
"pos": [
2,
10
]
} | {
"id": "C0037508",
"name": "naf",
"pos": [
123,
126
]
} |
the effect of norethisterone , norethisterone acetate , ethinylestradiol and of a cyanoketone on the activity of hsd have been studied . | NA | {
"id": "C0028356",
"name": "norethisterone",
"pos": [
14,
28
]
} | {
"id": "C0068980",
"name": "norethisterone acetate",
"pos": [
31,
53
]
} |
it was possible to prevent the development of this disease by the administration of some compounds containing sulfhydryl or imidazole groups ( cysteine , sh-glutathione , dimercaptopropanol ( bal ) , unithiol ( sodium 2,3-dimercaptopropansulfonate ) , ( histidine ) and the diabetes also did not appear in such animals i... | NA | {
"id": "C0012383",
"name": "dimercaptopropanol",
"pos": [
171,
189
]
} | {
"id": "C0041738",
"name": "unithiol",
"pos": [
200,
208
]
} |
despite evidence that these amino acids influence brain metabolism and neurotransmitter synthesis , there is little information on the neuroendocrine effects of the bcaas . | NA | {
"id": "C0002520",
"name": "amino acids",
"pos": [
28,
39
]
} | {
"id": "C0002521",
"name": "bcaas",
"pos": [
165,
170
]
} |
to mimic the postprandial rise in the bcaas that occurs in diabetic patients , we infused either saline or a mixture of valine , leucine , and isoleucine into six conscious male baboons from 1530-1900 h daily for 4 days during and after the normal feeding time . | NA | {
"id": "C0002521",
"name": "bcaas",
"pos": [
38,
43
]
} | {
"id": "C0042285",
"name": "valine",
"pos": [
120,
126
]
} |
to mimic the postprandial rise in the bcaas that occurs in diabetic patients , we infused either saline or a mixture of valine , leucine , and isoleucine into six conscious male baboons from 1530-1900 h daily for 4 days during and after the normal feeding time . | NA | {
"id": "C0002521",
"name": "bcaas",
"pos": [
38,
43
]
} | {
"id": "C0023401",
"name": "leucine",
"pos": [
146,
153
]
} |
to mimic the postprandial rise in the bcaas that occurs in diabetic patients , we infused either saline or a mixture of valine , leucine , and isoleucine into six conscious male baboons from 1530-1900 h daily for 4 days during and after the normal feeding time . | NA | {
"id": "C0002521",
"name": "bcaas",
"pos": [
38,
43
]
} | {
"id": "C0022192",
"name": "isoleucine",
"pos": [
143,
153
]
} |
peptide histidine isoleucine ( phi ) , a newly discovered neuropeptide , has been detected by ria and immunocytochemistry in the upper respiratory tracts of the guinea pig , rat , and cat . | NA | {
"id": "C0030947",
"name": "peptide histidine isoleucine",
"pos": [
0,
28
]
} | {
"id": "C0027895",
"name": "neuropeptide",
"pos": [
58,
70
]
} |
calcium ions have no effect on the amount of apolipoprotein that is bound , but they do modify the physical state of the reassembly lipoprotein and the stoichiometry of lipid to protein . | NA | {
"id": "C0023820",
"name": "lipoprotein",
"pos": [
48,
59
]
} | {
"id": "C0023779",
"name": "lipid",
"pos": [
169,
174
]
} |
the asbestos macrophage supernatant was also significantly inhibitory to mature t-cell-enriched spleen cells but had no effect on fibroblasts , suggesting that the inhibitory effect could be lymphoid cell specific . | NA | {
"id": "C0007634",
"name": "cells",
"pos": [
103,
108
]
} | {
"id": "C0016030",
"name": "fibroblasts",
"pos": [
130,
141
]
} |
a kinetic model of coupled droplet growth , gas uptake , and chemical reaction has been used to examine the possible changes to sulfuric acid aerosols as a result of exposure to respiratory ammonia under the conditions in the human airways . | NA | {
"id": "C0017110",
"name": "gas",
"pos": [
44,
47
]
} | {
"id": "C0002607",
"name": "ammonia",
"pos": [
190,
197
]
} |
it is predicted that gas phase reactions of so2 will not significantly affect the neutralizing capability of airways ammonia . | NA | {
"id": "C0017110",
"name": "gas",
"pos": [
21,
24
]
} | {
"id": "C0038777",
"name": "so2",
"pos": [
44,
47
]
} |
it is predicted that gas phase reactions of so2 will not significantly affect the neutralizing capability of airways ammonia . | NA | {
"id": "C0017110",
"name": "gas",
"pos": [
21,
24
]
} | {
"id": "C0002607",
"name": "ammonia",
"pos": [
117,
124
]
} |
the properties of the carboxy-terminal domain of h1 and the possible involvement of the amino acids lysine , proline and alanine in migration are discussed and compared with those of a domain that specifies migration of nucleoplasmin into the oocyte nucleus . | NA | {
"id": "C0002520",
"name": "amino",
"pos": [
88,
93
]
} | {
"id": "C0001898",
"name": "alanine",
"pos": [
121,
128
]
} |
by screening a charon 4a library of mouse dna with probes from the 5'-flanking region of a mup gene , we have isolated clones that contain both a group 1 and a group 2 gene , orientated in a divergent fashion , with 15 kb of dna between the 5 ' ends of the genes . | NA | {
"id": "C0000702",
"name": "a",
"pos": [
13,
14
]
} | {
"id": "C0012854",
"name": "dna",
"pos": [
225,
228
]
} |
an aug start codon is not present at the beginning of the sequence , suggesting that either another codon , possibly the four base codon auga , is used for initiation or there is a further short intron between the true start codon and the beginning of the recognisable coding region . | NA | {
"id": "C0009221",
"name": "codon",
"pos": [
13,
18
]
} | {
"id": "C0242610",
"name": "start codon",
"pos": [
219,
230
]
} |
( i ) this receptor is stereospecific and discriminates between the different stereoisomers of verapamil , gallopamil and diltiazem . | NA | {
"id": "C0042523",
"name": "verapamil",
"pos": [
95,
104
]
} | {
"id": "C0016986",
"name": "gallopamil",
"pos": [
107,
117
]
} |
( iv ) a low-affinity binding site for verapamil and for some other ca2+ channel blockers is detected by studies of dissociation kinetics of the [ 3h ] verapamil receptor in the presence of high concentrations of verapamil , gallopamil , bepridil and diltiazem . | NA | {
"id": "C0042523",
"name": "verapamil",
"pos": [
39,
48
]
} | {
"id": "C0016986",
"name": "gallopamil",
"pos": [
225,
235
]
} |
dissociation constants obtained from inhibition studies of [ 3h ] verapamil binding are in the range of 0.1-0.3 mm for gtp , atp and gpp ( nh ) p . | NA | {
"id": "C0018353",
"name": "gtp",
"pos": [
119,
122
]
} | {
"id": "C0018366",
"name": "gpp ( nh ) p",
"pos": [
133,
145
]
} |
when labelled udp was diluted with unlabelled uridine nucleotides , unlabelled utp proved to be far less efficient than unlabelled udp in diminishing the specific radioactivity of ump incorporated into rna by ndp-preferring rc . | NA | {
"id": "C0041921",
"name": "uridine nucleotides",
"pos": [
46,
65
]
} | {
"id": "C0042010",
"name": "utp",
"pos": [
79,
82
]
} |
when labelled udp was diluted with unlabelled uridine nucleotides , unlabelled utp proved to be far less efficient than unlabelled udp in diminishing the specific radioactivity of ump incorporated into rna by ndp-preferring rc . | NA | {
"id": "C0041921",
"name": "uridine nucleotides",
"pos": [
46,
65
]
} | {
"id": "C0041986",
"name": "udp",
"pos": [
131,
134
]
} |
when labelled udp was diluted with unlabelled uridine nucleotides , unlabelled utp proved to be far less efficient than unlabelled udp in diminishing the specific radioactivity of ump incorporated into rna by ndp-preferring rc . | NA | {
"id": "C0041921",
"name": "uridine nucleotides",
"pos": [
46,
65
]
} | {
"id": "C0042002",
"name": "ump",
"pos": [
180,
183
]
} |
irradiation of complexes resulted in the inactivation of the factor ( as tested by its capacity to interact with aminoacyl-trna ) and was accompanied by the loss of its histidine residues ( as revealed by amino acid analysis ) and by the decrease in the amount of some tryptic peptides ( as detected by hplc ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0035714",
"name": "aminoacyl-trna",
"pos": [
113,
127
]
} | {
"id": "C0002520",
"name": "amino acid",
"pos": [
205,
215
]
} |
apolipoprotein a-igiessen is a variant form of apo a-i that is displaced from the corresponding normal a-i isoforms on isoelectric focusing gels by a single charge unit towards the cathode [ utermann et al . ( 1982 ) j. biol . chem . 257 , 501-507 ] . | NA | {
"id": "C0003592",
"name": "apolipoprotein a",
"pos": [
0,
16
]
} | {
"id": "C0085201",
"name": "a",
"pos": [
203,
204
]
} |
the asialo derivative of the major saccharide alditol in this fraction was composed of l-fucose , d-galactose , n-acetyl-d-glucosamine and n-acetyl-d-galactosaminitol in the molar proportions 1:2:1:1 and chromatographed on bio-gel p2 according to approximately seven hexose units . | NA | {
"id": "C0016945",
"name": "galactose",
"pos": [
100,
109
]
} | {
"id": "C0019494",
"name": "hexose",
"pos": [
267,
273
]
} |
a particle sedimenting at 42s contains 5s rna and trna together with two proteins of mr 48000 ( p48 ) and mr 43000 ( p43 ) and a second particle sedimenting at 7s contains 5s rna plus a protein of mr 40000 ( p40 , also known as the transcription factor , tfiiia ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0033684",
"name": "proteins",
"pos": [
73,
81
]
} | {
"id": "C0040648",
"name": "transcription factor",
"pos": [
232,
252
]
} |
arsenate , pyrophosphate and polyphosphates up to 15 units long could inhibit the binding of phosphate to the binding protein , although organic phosphates , such as glucose 6-phosphate , glycerol 3-phosphate and adenosine 5'-monophosphate could not . | NA | {
"id": "C0034320",
"name": "pyrophosphate",
"pos": [
11,
24
]
} | {
"id": "C0032575",
"name": "polyphosphates",
"pos": [
29,
43
]
} |
furthermore , by using this derivative we have been able to label other pbps of higher molecular mass ( 190 , 170 , 146 , 125 and 87 kda ) that were previously detected only by using either photoreactive derivatives of beta-lactam or bis-beta-lactam antibiotics . | NA | {
"id": "C0282215",
"name": "beta-lactam",
"pos": [
219,
230
]
} | {
"id": "C0026458",
"name": "beta-lactam antibiotics",
"pos": [
238,
261
]
} |
this synthesis of collagenolytic enzymes by these osteoblast-like cells suggests that individual osteoblasts , like fibroblasts , are capable of both synthesizing and degrading their respective organic matrices in vivo . | NA | {
"id": "C0007634",
"name": "cells",
"pos": [
66,
71
]
} | {
"id": "C0016030",
"name": "fibroblasts",
"pos": [
116,
127
]
} |
when glucose was added to a suspension of saccharomyces cerevisiae in stationary phase , it caused a transient increase in the concentration of cyclic amp and a more persistent increase in the concentration of hexose 6-phosphate and of fructose 2,6-bisphosphate . | NA | {
"id": "C0017725",
"name": "glucose",
"pos": [
5,
12
]
} | {
"id": "C0019494",
"name": "hexose",
"pos": [
210,
216
]
} |
when glucose was added to a suspension of saccharomyces cerevisiae in stationary phase , it caused a transient increase in the concentration of cyclic amp and a more persistent increase in the concentration of hexose 6-phosphate and of fructose 2,6-bisphosphate . | NA | {
"id": "C0019494",
"name": "hexose",
"pos": [
210,
216
]
} | {
"id": "C0016745",
"name": "fructose",
"pos": [
236,
244
]
} |
these effects of glucose on cyclic amp and fructose 2,6-bisphosphate but not that on hexose 6-phosphate were greatly decreased in the presence of 0.15 mm acridine orange or when a temperature-sensitive mutant deficient in adenylate cyclase was used at the restrictive temperature . | NA | {
"id": "C0016745",
"name": "fructose",
"pos": [
43,
51
]
} | {
"id": "C0019494",
"name": "hexose",
"pos": [
85,
91
]
} |
incubation of the cells in the presence of dinitrophenol and in the absence of glucose increased the concentration of both cyclic amp and fructose 2,6-bisphosphate , but with a minimal change in that of hexose 6-phosphate . | NA | {
"id": "C0017725",
"name": "glucose",
"pos": [
79,
86
]
} | {
"id": "C0019494",
"name": "hexose",
"pos": [
203,
209
]
} |
incubation of the cells in the presence of dinitrophenol and in the absence of glucose increased the concentration of both cyclic amp and fructose 2,6-bisphosphate , but with a minimal change in that of hexose 6-phosphate . | NA | {
"id": "C0016745",
"name": "fructose",
"pos": [
138,
146
]
} | {
"id": "C0019494",
"name": "hexose",
"pos": [
203,
209
]
} |
fatty acid competition studies showed a greater inhibition of labeled docosahexaenoic and palmitic acid activation in the presence of unlabeled unsaturated fatty acids . | NA | {
"id": "C0015684",
"name": "fatty acid",
"pos": [
0,
10
]
} | {
"id": "C0015690",
"name": "unsaturated fatty acids",
"pos": [
144,
167
]
} |
protein phosphatase-1 and protein phosphatase-2a account for virtually all the phosphorylase phosphatase activity in dilute tissue extracts prepared from skeletal muscle , liver , heart , brain and kidney , and for essentially all the glycogen synthase phosphatase activity in dilute skeletal muscle and liver extracts . | NA | {
"id": "C0040291",
"name": "tissue extracts",
"pos": [
124,
139
]
} | {
"id": "C0023899",
"name": "liver extracts",
"pos": [
304,
318
]
} |
the results showed that , under our experimental conditions , protein phosphatases-1 , 2a and 2b were the only significant protein phosphatases in rabbit skeletal muscle extracts acting on this substrate . | NA | {
"id": "C1956003",
"name": "protein phosphatases-1",
"pos": [
62,
84
]
} | {
"id": "C0031686",
"name": "protein phosphatases",
"pos": [
123,
143
]
} |
fibroblasts from hamster embryos cultivated in vitro present the typical ageing process of other fibroblastic lines , but they also suddenly give rise to giant non dividing cells which could be considered to represent terminally differentiated cells [ 36 ] . | NA | {
"id": "C0016030",
"name": "fibroblasts",
"pos": [
0,
11
]
} | {
"id": "C0007634",
"name": "cells",
"pos": [
244,
249
]
} |
in polar lipid composition , surface material on cytoplasmic lipid droplets was similar to milk lipid globule membrane or was intermediate between endoplasmic reticulum and milk lipid globule membranes . | NA | {
"id": "C0025249",
"name": "lipid",
"pos": [
9,
14
]
} | {
"id": "C0023779",
"name": "lipid",
"pos": [
178,
183
]
} |
chlorinated hydrocarbon and polychlorinated biphenyl ( pcb ) concentrations were determined in adipose tissue from 34 infants , 14 children in the 2nd year of life , and 2 older children . | NA | {
"id": "C0008059",
"name": "children",
"pos": [
131,
139
]
} | {
"id": "C1455726",
"name": "older children",
"pos": [
172,
186
]
} |
cimetidine-related neurotoxicity may be characterized by signs of affective dysfunction , toxic delusional state and/or delirium , confusion and/or amnestic signs , coma , epileptic phenomena and focal neurological signs . | NA | {
"id": "C0011206",
"name": "delirium",
"pos": [
120,
128
]
} | {
"id": "C0009676",
"name": "confusion",
"pos": [
131,
140
]
} |
fc epsilon r+ t cells and fc epsilon r- t cells were propagated in culture using supernatants of phytohemagglutinin-stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells ( pbmc ) and irradiated autologous pbmc . | NA | {
"id": "C0007634",
"name": "cells",
"pos": [
16,
21
]
} | {
"id": "C1321301",
"name": "pbmc",
"pos": [
197,
201
]
} |
specific antibodies protected 3t3 fibroblasts from infection by t. cruzi , but increased the relative infectivity for j774 cells due to binding of the opsonized parasite to j774 fc receptors . | NA | {
"id": "C0016030",
"name": "fibroblasts",
"pos": [
34,
45
]
} | {
"id": "C0007634",
"name": "the",
"pos": [
147,
150
]
} |
it was also apparent that ifn-alpha , beta ( produced by fibroblasts ) and ifn-gamma ( produced by t lymphocytes ) activated trypanocidal activities in both 3t3 and j774 cells , although ifn-gamma was 100 to 2000 times more effective than ifn-alpha , beta on the basis of ifn antiviral units added per culture . | NA | {
"id": "C0016030",
"name": "fibroblasts",
"pos": [
57,
68
]
} | {
"id": "C0007634",
"name": "cells",
"pos": [
170,
175
]
} |
when anti-t. cruzi antibodies and ifn-alpha , beta or ifn-gamma were used jointly , a synergistic protective effect was observed with both 3t3 fibroblasts and j774 cells . | NA | {
"id": "C0016030",
"name": "fibroblasts",
"pos": [
143,
154
]
} | {
"id": "C0007634",
"name": "cells",
"pos": [
164,
169
]
} |
the relative effects of felodipine , a dihydropyridine with purported calmodulin antagonistic properties , have been compared with the calmodulin inhibitor , w-7 , for inhibition of ca2+-dependent force development and direct inhibition of ca2+-calmodulin mediated arterial myosin light chain phosphorylation and actin-m... | NA | {
"id": "C0015772",
"name": "felodipine",
"pos": [
24,
34
]
} | {
"id": "C0012315",
"name": "dihydropyridine",
"pos": [
39,
54
]
} |
felodipine ( ic50 3 x 10 ( -9 ) m ) was approximately 30 000 x more potent than w-7 ( ic50 10 ( -4 ) m ) and equipotent with another dihydropyridine , nitrendipine , in inhibiting isometric force development in k+-depolarized aortic smooth muscle strips . | NA | {
"id": "C0015772",
"name": "felodipine",
"pos": [
0,
10
]
} | {
"id": "C0012315",
"name": "dihydropyridine",
"pos": [
133,
148
]
} |
felodipine ( ic50 3 x 10 ( -9 ) m ) was approximately 30 000 x more potent than w-7 ( ic50 10 ( -4 ) m ) and equipotent with another dihydropyridine , nitrendipine , in inhibiting isometric force development in k+-depolarized aortic smooth muscle strips . | NA | {
"id": "C0012315",
"name": "dihydropyridine",
"pos": [
133,
148
]
} | {
"id": "C0028127",
"name": "nitrendipine",
"pos": [
151,
163
]
} |
barbiturates significantly potentiated the gabaa receptor-induced contractions over the lower dose range of applied gaba ( less than 50 microm ) , without affecting the gabab-receptor-induced 'after-relaxation ' , their relative potencies being thiopentone ( thp ) greater than pentobarbitone ( pb ) greater than barbito... | NA | {
"id": "C0004745",
"name": "barbiturates",
"pos": [
0,
12
]
} | {
"id": "C0030883",
"name": "pentobarbitone",
"pos": [
278,
292
]
} |
barbiturates significantly potentiated the gabaa receptor-induced contractions over the lower dose range of applied gaba ( less than 50 microm ) , without affecting the gabab-receptor-induced 'after-relaxation ' , their relative potencies being thiopentone ( thp ) greater than pentobarbitone ( pb ) greater than barbito... | NA | {
"id": "C0004745",
"name": "barbiturates",
"pos": [
0,
12
]
} | {
"id": "C0004743",
"name": "barbitone",
"pos": [
348,
357
]
} |
the subsequent infusion of adrenaline ( 50 ng/min i.v . ) significantly enhanced neurogenic pressor responses without affecting those induced by noradrenaline . | NA | {
"id": "C0014563",
"name": "adrenaline",
"pos": [
27,
37
]
} | {
"id": "C0028351",
"name": "noradrenaline",
"pos": [
145,
158
]
} |
neuromedin k , a decapeptide isolated from porcine spinal cord and suggested to have tachykinin-like activity in vitro , produced reciprocal hind-limb scratching when injected intrathecally to mice . | NA | {
"id": "C0027847",
"name": "neuromedin k",
"pos": [
0,
12
]
} | {
"id": "C0039241",
"name": "tachykinin",
"pos": [
85,
95
]
} |
the activity of neuromedin k was blocked by the substance p antagonist [ d-pro2d-trp7.9 ] substance p at doses of antagonist which effectively blocked the activity of the other tachykinins . | NA | {
"id": "C0027847",
"name": "neuromedin k",
"pos": [
16,
28
]
} | {
"id": "C0039241",
"name": "tachykinins",
"pos": [
177,
188
]
} |
the activity of neuromedin k was blocked by the substance p antagonist [ d-pro2d-trp7.9 ] substance p at doses of antagonist which effectively blocked the activity of the other tachykinins . | NA | {
"id": "C0038585",
"name": "substance p",
"pos": [
48,
59
]
} | {
"id": "C0039241",
"name": "tachykinins",
"pos": [
177,
188
]
} |
these data provide the first evidence for tachykinin-like activity of neuromedin k in the central nervous system . | NA | {
"id": "C0039241",
"name": "tachykinin",
"pos": [
42,
52
]
} | {
"id": "C0027847",
"name": "neuromedin k",
"pos": [
70,
82
]
} |
differences in na , k-atpase and sodium pump data may be explained if sodium leak influx is increased in aged myocardium . | NA | {
"id": "C0001473",
"name": "atpase",
"pos": [
22,
28
]
} | {
"id": "C0001479",
"name": "sodium pump",
"pos": [
33,
44
]
} |
the effects of lysosomotropic amines and polyamines on rat fibroblasts were studied after the administration of epidermal growth factor ( egf ) in order to determine whether the intracellular processing of egf was important for transmission of its biological signal . | NA | {
"id": "C0002508",
"name": "amines",
"pos": [
30,
36
]
} | {
"id": "C0032433",
"name": "polyamines",
"pos": [
41,
51
]
} |
this increase in odc activity was drastically reduced by both methylamine , a representative lysosomotropic amine , and putrescine , a polyamine precursor . | NA | {
"id": "C0002508",
"name": "amine",
"pos": [
68,
73
]
} | {
"id": "C0032433",
"name": "polyamine",
"pos": [
135,
144
]
} |
lysosomotropic amines , but not polyamines , prevented egf processing as evidenced by their ability to block the release of intracellular 125egf and by their ability to inhibit the formation of the final intracellular processed product of egf , as determined by isoelectric focusing . | NA | {
"id": "C0002508",
"name": "amines",
"pos": [
15,
21
]
} | {
"id": "C0032433",
"name": "polyamines",
"pos": [
32,
42
]
} |
the cellular mechanisms involved in inhibition of odc induction by polyamines appear to be distinct from those involved in lysosomotropic amines . | NA | {
"id": "C0032433",
"name": "polyamines",
"pos": [
67,
77
]
} | {
"id": "C0002508",
"name": "amines",
"pos": [
138,
144
]
} |
once internalized , both human and bovine acid alpha-glucosidase demonstrate a half-life of about 10 days in fibroblasts from control individuals and patients with different clinical forms of glycogenosis type ii ( pompe 's disease , acid alpha-glucosidase deficiency ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0017919",
"name": "glycogenosis",
"pos": [
192,
204
]
} | {
"id": "C0017921",
"name": "acid alpha-glucosidase deficiency",
"pos": [
234,
267
]
} |
we infer that they are calcium-binding proteins , and that they may be related to the similarly isolated 'calcimedins ' of moore , p d & dedman , j , j biol chem 257 ( 1982 ) 9663 [ 8 ] . | NA | {
"id": "C0006732",
"name": "calcium-binding proteins",
"pos": [
23,
47
]
} | {
"id": "C0065042",
"name": "calcimedins",
"pos": [
106,
117
]
} |
cytoplasmic hybrids ( cybrids ) were prepared by fusion of bloom 's syndrome ( bs ) fibroblasts with cytoplasts derived from a chloramphenicol ( cap ) -resistant cell line of hypoxanthine phosphoribosyl transferase ( hprt ) -deficient chinese hamster wg3h cells to study the role of cytoplasmic and nuclear factors which... | NA | {
"id": "C0016030",
"name": "fibroblasts",
"pos": [
84,
95
]
} | {
"id": "C0007634",
"name": "cells",
"pos": [
406,
411
]
} |
the monoclonal antibody ( mca ) rm124 was characterized with respect to its labeling pattern of bnml leukemia cells , normal rat bone marrow cells , and the hemopoietic stem cell ( hsc ) , by flow cytometric methods and complement-dependent cytotoxicity assays . | NA | {
"id": "C0007634",
"name": "normal",
"pos": [
118,
124
]
} | {
"id": "C0018956",
"name": "hemopoietic stem cell",
"pos": [
157,
178
]
} |
various growth factors including purified erythropoietin , colony-stimulating factor ( csf-1 ) , and granulocyte-macrophage csf ( gm-csf ) were tested for their ability to stimulate megakaryocytopoiesis . | NA | {
"id": "C0014822",
"name": "erythropoietin",
"pos": [
42,
56
]
} | {
"id": "C0009392",
"name": "colony-stimulating",
"pos": [
59,
77
]
} |
the isolated perfused rat lung catalyzed the biosynthesis of gsh when the sulfur amino acids cysteine or n-acetylcysteine , but not methionine , were supplied in the perfusion medium . | NA | {
"id": "C0010654",
"name": "cysteine",
"pos": [
93,
101
]
} | {
"id": "C0001047",
"name": "n-acetylcysteine",
"pos": [
105,
121
]
} |
anti-lps factor , which inhibits the endotoxin mediated coagulation system in the horseshoe crab , tachypleus tridentatus , was found to lyse red blood cells sensitized with gram-negative bacterial lps , but not to lyse unsensitized cells . | NA | {
"id": "C0014264",
"name": "endotoxin",
"pos": [
37,
46
]
} | {
"id": "C0023810",
"name": "lps",
"pos": [
198,
201
]
} |
since catecholamines given to rat adipocytes in vitro induce insulin resistance similar to that seen in type ii diabetes in vivo , we measured the effect of cig on mono-a14- [ 125i ] insulin binding and 3-o-methyl-d-glucose transport ( gt ) in isolated rat adipocytes treated with isoprenaline ( iso , 10 microm ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0007412",
"name": "catecholamines",
"pos": [
6,
20
]
} | {
"id": "C0022245",
"name": "isoprenaline",
"pos": [
281,
293
]
} |
in contrast , the target size of the allosterically coupled benzothiazepine drug receptor site , labelled by d-cis- [ 3h ] diltiazem , was 130.5 +/- 4 kda ( p less than 0.01 ) and of the 1,4-dihydropyridine binding site 179 kda , when labelled with [ 3h ] nimodipine . | NA | {
"id": "C0012315",
"name": "dihydropyridine",
"pos": [
191,
206
]
} | {
"id": "C0028094",
"name": "nimodipine",
"pos": [
256,
266
]
} |
this drive is held in check by a variety of neuropeptides including calcitonin , corticotropin-releasing factor , and bombesin . | NA | {
"id": "C0027895",
"name": "neuropeptides",
"pos": [
44,
57
]
} | {
"id": "C0006668",
"name": "calcitonin",
"pos": [
68,
78
]
} |
two major classes of alpha-adrenoceptor agonists are known : the phenethylamines , which are structurally related to norepinephrine , and the imidazolines , which are structurally related to clonidine . | NA | {
"id": "C1449836",
"name": "imidazolines",
"pos": [
142,
154
]
} | {
"id": "C0009014",
"name": "clonidine",
"pos": [
191,
200
]
} |
postsynaptic alpha adrenoceptors in the vasculature represent a mixed population of alpha 1 and alpha 2 adrenoceptors . | NA | {
"id": "C0034784",
"name": "alpha adrenoceptors",
"pos": [
13,
32
]
} | {
"id": "C0001639",
"name": "alpha 2 adrenoceptors",
"pos": [
96,
117
]
} |
both alpha-adrenoceptor subtypes mediate vasoconstriction , but appear to do so through different mechanisms . alpha 1 adrenoceptors also exist in the heart and mediate a positive inotropic response . | NA | {
"id": "C0034784",
"name": "alpha-adrenoceptor",
"pos": [
5,
23
]
} | {
"id": "C0001638",
"name": "alpha 1",
"pos": [
111,
118
]
} |
herein , we report on the histologic features of the testes of four patients with disseminated prostatic carcinoma who received at least 1 year of daily treatment with ( d-leu6 , des-gly-nh2 ( 10 ) , proethylamide9 ) -gnrh ( leuprolide , abbott laboratories , north chicago , il ) for their disease , and subsequently un... | NA | {
"id": "C0023610",
"name": "gnrh",
"pos": [
218,
222
]
} | {
"id": "C0085272",
"name": "leuprolide",
"pos": [
225,
235
]
} |
fall of the level of gomovanillic acid , norepinephrine , as well as increase of glutamic acid , glutamine , gaba and taurine in striatum ; | NA | {
"id": "C0061472",
"name": "glutamic acid",
"pos": [
81,
94
]
} | {
"id": "C0017797",
"name": "glutamine",
"pos": [
97,
106
]
} |
the rise of glutamic acid , glutamine , gaba and taurine in striatum occurred as the result of increased activity of these systems . | NA | {
"id": "C0061472",
"name": "glutamic acid",
"pos": [
12,
25
]
} | {
"id": "C0017797",
"name": "glutamine",
"pos": [
28,
37
]
} |
plasma levels of fsh , lh , prolactin ( prl ) , estrone ( e1 ) , estradiol ( e2 ) , 17-hydroxyprogesterone ( 17-p ) , 20 alpha-dihydroprogesterone ( 20 alpha-p ) , progesterone ( p ) were determined simultaneously using specific radioimmunoassays . | NA | {
"id": "C0020387",
"name": "17-hydroxyprogesterone",
"pos": [
84,
106
]
} | {
"id": "C0033308",
"name": "progesterone",
"pos": [
164,
176
]
} |
plasma levels of fsh , lh , prolactin ( prl ) , estrone ( e1 ) , estradiol ( e2 ) , 17-hydroxyprogesterone ( 17-p ) , 20 alpha-dihydroprogesterone ( 20 alpha-p ) , progesterone ( p ) were determined simultaneously using specific radioimmunoassays . | NA | {
"id": "C0012311",
"name": "20 alpha-dihydroprogesterone",
"pos": [
118,
146
]
} | {
"id": "C0033308",
"name": "progesterone",
"pos": [
164,
176
]
} |
by means of the euglycaemic insulin clamp technique the rate of insulin-mediated peripheral glucose disposal ( gdr ) was compared in response to intravenous infusions of highly purified beef insulin ( bi ) and biosynthetic human insulin ( bhi ) , infused at 1 and 6 mu/kg/min , in healthy volunteers . | NA | {
"id": "C0021641",
"name": "insulin",
"pos": [
28,
35
]
} | {
"id": "C0795635",
"name": "human insulin",
"pos": [
223,
236
]
} |
the metabolic clearance rates of bi and bhi were similar at the lower insulin infusion rate and were both greater than those observed at the higher insulin infusion rate , which were also similar , implying the process of insulin clearance to be saturable . | NA | {
"id": "C0795635",
"name": "bhi",
"pos": [
40,
43
]
} | {
"id": "C0021641",
"name": "insulin",
"pos": [
222,
229
]
} |
the rates of insulin deactivation were similar , having discontinued bi and bhi infusions at 1 mu/kg/min . | NA | {
"id": "C0021641",
"name": "insulin",
"pos": [
13,
20
]
} | {
"id": "C0795635",
"name": "bhi",
"pos": [
76,
79
]
} |
the role of fructose seems weak in the case of sucrose because its conversion to glucose would be minimized in the presence of metabolic normalization as indicated by a well controlled blood glucose . | NA | {
"id": "C0017725",
"name": "glucose",
"pos": [
81,
88
]
} | {
"id": "C0005802",
"name": "blood",
"pos": [
185,
190
]
} |
the rise of plasma nefa was probably related to the marked removal of plasma triglycerides , by insulin activation of lipoprotein lipase , and consequent saturation of the pathways of fatty acid incorporation into adipose tissue . | NA | {
"id": "C0015688",
"name": "nefa",
"pos": [
19,
23
]
} | {
"id": "C0015684",
"name": "fatty acid",
"pos": [
184,
194
]
} |
examples are given of the use of well-characterized anti-carbohydrate antibodies to derive structural information on ( a ) mucin-type glycoproteins of human b lymphocyte membranes , ( b ) the high molecular weight glycoproteins of the normal human gastric and distal-colon mucosae and ( c ) tumour-derived glycoproteins ... | NA | {
"id": "C0025248",
"name": "glycoproteins",
"pos": [
134,
147
]
} | {
"id": "C0017968",
"name": "glycoproteins",
"pos": [
306,
319
]
} |
in 14 cases of acth-producing pituitary adenomas ( 8 cases of cushing 's disease and 6 cases of nelson 's syndrome ) dispersed cells prepared from adenoma tissue were incubated in a superfusion or static incubation system and investigated for acth , beta-endorphin ( beta-ep ) and beta-lipoprotein ( beta-lph ) productio... | NA | {
"id": "C1306214",
"name": "acth-producing pituitary adenomas",
"pos": [
15,
48
]
} | {
"id": "C0027577",
"name": "nelson 's syndrome",
"pos": [
96,
114
]
} |
in 14 cases of acth-producing pituitary adenomas ( 8 cases of cushing 's disease and 6 cases of nelson 's syndrome ) dispersed cells prepared from adenoma tissue were incubated in a superfusion or static incubation system and investigated for acth , beta-endorphin ( beta-ep ) and beta-lipoprotein ( beta-lph ) productio... | NA | {
"id": "C1306214",
"name": "acth-producing pituitary adenomas",
"pos": [
15,
48
]
} | {
"id": "C0001430",
"name": "adenoma",
"pos": [
147,
154
]
} |
treatment caused the formation of featherless skin areas which exhibited an early maturation of the epidermis , a uniform distribution of interstitial collagen and rarefaction of fibronectin in the dermal extracellular matrix , and a significant increase of collagen content and proline incorporation in collagen noncoll... | NA | {
"id": "C0020388",
"name": "hydroxyproline",
"pos": [
366,
380
]
} | {
"id": "C0033382",
"name": "proline",
"pos": [
384,
391
]
} |
antibodies against glial fibrillary acidic protein recognize both types of astrocytes , while the a2b5 monoclonal antibody distinguishes between the two , binding to type 2 but not type 1 astrocytes . | NA | {
"id": "C0003241",
"name": "antibodies",
"pos": [
0,
10
]
} | {
"id": "C0003250",
"name": "monoclonal antibody",
"pos": [
103,
122
]
} |
these findings suggest ( i ) that neurons are programmed , possibly at the time of neurulation , to generate high- or low-sialic-acid patterns of surface carbohydrates on their growth cones according to their origin , and ( ii ) that the specific glycoconjugate pattern found for each type of neuron may be involved in s... | NA | {
"id": "C0007004",
"name": "carbohydrates",
"pos": [
154,
167
]
} | {
"id": "C0017906",
"name": "glycoconjugate",
"pos": [
247,
261
]
} |
cells of all brucella species were agglutinated by the basic protein-reactive lectins of mangifera indica and persea americana . | NA | {
"id": "C0033684",
"name": "protein",
"pos": [
61,
68
]
} | {
"id": "C0023206",
"name": "lectins",
"pos": [
78,
85
]
} |
the differing associations of the two disease-related polymorphism genotypes in patients with hypertriglyceridaemia with or without co-existing diabetes may possibly reflect differing aetiologies of the hyperlipidaemia . | NA | {
"id": "C0020557",
"name": "hypertriglyceridaemia",
"pos": [
94,
115
]
} | {
"id": "C0020473",
"name": "hyperlipidaemia",
"pos": [
203,
218
]
} |
however , although cells treated with lipopolysaccharide were not cytotoxic to allogeneic tumor cells , those treated with sarcophaga lectin were found to acquire cytotoxicity . | NA | {
"id": "C0007634",
"name": "cells",
"pos": [
19,
24
]
} | {
"id": "C3485979",
"name": "allogeneic",
"pos": [
79,
89
]
} |
net urine production could account for the change in weight observed in animals kept at 11 and 18 degrees , suggesting that initial weight change results from a reduction in extracellular volume . | NA | {
"id": "C0005910",
"name": "weight",
"pos": [
53,
59
]
} | {
"id": "C0005911",
"name": "weight change",
"pos": [
132,
145
]
} |
in both normal and experimental females , ecdysone constituted the major portion of the ecdysteroids secreted by the ovaries in vitro . | NA | {
"id": "C0013494",
"name": "ecdysone",
"pos": [
42,
50
]
} | {
"id": "C0058915",
"name": "ecdysteroids",
"pos": [
88,
100
]
} |
the initiator codon of the reading frame encoding the ura3 structural gene is preceded by two other atg codons in a different reading frame 61 and 79 bp away . | NA | {
"id": "C0242610",
"name": "initiator codon",
"pos": [
4,
19
]
} | {
"id": "C0009221",
"name": "codons",
"pos": [
104,
110
]
} |
however , with homogeneous dna fragments , such as those from plasmid or viral dna , vector phosphate removal allowed enrichment for recombinant plasmids . | NA | {
"id": "C0012854",
"name": "dna",
"pos": [
27,
30
]
} | {
"id": "C0012939",
"name": "viral",
"pos": [
73,
78
]
} |
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