text stringlengths 57 1.72k | relation stringclasses 125
values | h dict | t dict |
|---|---|---|---|
these include their apparent km for progesterone ( microsomal km = 113 +/- 11 nm ; solubilized km = 144 +/- 20 nm ) and their affinity ( approximately 7 nm ) for the 5 alpha-dihydroprogesterone analog , 4-aza-4-methyl-5 alpha-pregnane-3,20-dione , which is a potent inhibitor of progesterone 5 alpha-reduction . | NA | {
"id": "C0012311",
"name": "dihydroprogesterone",
"pos": [
174,
193
]
} | {
"id": "C0033308",
"name": "progesterone",
"pos": [
279,
291
]
} |
these results demonstrate that molybdate stabilization of the androgen receptor allows efficient steroid exchange without significant alteration of the receptor 's steroid binding properties . | NA | {
"id": "C0034786",
"name": "androgen receptor",
"pos": [
62,
79
]
} | {
"id": "C0034840",
"name": "steroid",
"pos": [
164,
171
]
} |
after prolonged topical application of progesterone on the breast , an accumulation of the sulfates of several pregnanediol isomers could be observed . | NA | {
"id": "C0033308",
"name": "progesterone",
"pos": [
39,
51
]
} | {
"id": "C0033004",
"name": "pregnanediol",
"pos": [
111,
123
]
} |
due to the high specificity of monoclonal antibodies , the interaction with heterologous and homologous iodinated tracers is extremely variable from one antibody to another but the present results demonstrate that radioimmunoassays of very high sensitivity can be obtained with homologous and heterogeneous tracers . | NA | {
"id": "C0003250",
"name": "monoclonal antibodies",
"pos": [
31,
52
]
} | {
"id": "C0003241",
"name": "antibody",
"pos": [
153,
161
]
} |
in contrast , the major steroids formed by the ovaries of immature rats and immature hamsters were 5 alpha-steroids , such as 3 alpha , 17-dihydroxy-5 alpha-pregnan-20-one and androsterone , and no 4-ene-3-ketosteroids were found . | NA | {
"id": "C0038317",
"name": "steroids",
"pos": [
24,
32
]
} | {
"id": "C0022640",
"name": "ketosteroids",
"pos": [
206,
218
]
} |
our results indicate that a part of the circulating immune complexes in aml contain antigens related to primate retroviruses and specific antibodies to these antigens . | NA | {
"id": "C0003313",
"name": "circulating immune complexes",
"pos": [
40,
68
]
} | {
"id": "C0003241",
"name": "antibodies",
"pos": [
138,
148
]
} |
patients with systemic lupus erythematosus , focal glomerulosclerosis , or glomerulonephritis had the highest survival rates , whereas those with primary renal malignant lesions , primary hypertensive disease , or diabetes mellitus as the cause of renal failure had the lowest . | NA | {
"id": "C0017668",
"name": "focal glomerulosclerosis",
"pos": [
45,
69
]
} | {
"id": "C0017658",
"name": "glomerulonephritis",
"pos": [
75,
93
]
} |
six nuclear traits were measured : total nucleic acid , dna , rna , total protein , histone , and non-histone protein . | NA | {
"id": "C0028606",
"name": "nucleic acid",
"pos": [
41,
53
]
} | {
"id": "C0012854",
"name": "dna",
"pos": [
56,
59
]
} |
we measured the kinetics of histone h4 hyperacetylation and kinetics of deacetylation for all core histones in young and senescent human diploid fibroblast-like cells . | NA | {
"id": "C0016030",
"name": "fibroblast",
"pos": [
145,
155
]
} | {
"id": "C0007634",
"name": "cells",
"pos": [
161,
166
]
} |
the distribution of acetylated species of core histones was also similar in young and senescent human diploid fibroblast-like cells . | NA | {
"id": "C0016030",
"name": "fibroblast",
"pos": [
110,
120
]
} | {
"id": "C0007634",
"name": "cells",
"pos": [
126,
131
]
} |
the clinical spectrum and the life-span of fibroblasts in culture therefore lend no support for a correlation between ageing and the dna repair or dna replication deficiencies found in xeroderma pigmentosum and cockayne syndrome cells . | NA | {
"id": "C0016030",
"name": "fibroblasts",
"pos": [
43,
54
]
} | {
"id": "C0007634",
"name": "cells",
"pos": [
229,
234
]
} |
otitic hydrocephalus is one of the less common intracranial complications of infectious ear disease , consisting of elevated intracranial pressure without focal neurologic abnormalities other than those due to the elevated pressure . | NA | {
"id": "C0029877",
"name": "otitic",
"pos": [
0,
6
]
} | {
"id": "C0013447",
"name": "of the",
"pos": [
28,
34
]
} |
biopterin cofactor biosynthesis : gtp cyclohydrolase , neopterin and biopterin in tissues and body fluids of mammalian species . | NA | {
"id": "C0068527",
"name": "neopterin",
"pos": [
55,
64
]
} | {
"id": "C0005562",
"name": "biopterin",
"pos": [
69,
78
]
} |
levels of gtp cyclohydrolase , neopterin and biopterin were determined in tissues and body fluids of humans , monkey , dog and mouse . | NA | {
"id": "C0068527",
"name": "neopterin",
"pos": [
31,
40
]
} | {
"id": "C0005562",
"name": "biopterin",
"pos": [
45,
54
]
} |
these data indicate that gh responsiveness to hpgrf is : enhanced in the anterior pituitary shortly after hypothalamo-pituitary disconnection and , despite a striking reduction of the pituitary gh stores , it is maintained after these lesions . | NA | {
"id": "C0032016",
"name": "anterior pituitary",
"pos": [
73,
91
]
} | {
"id": "C0037663",
"name": "pituitary gh",
"pos": [
184,
196
]
} |
isoproterenol , epinephrine , norepinephrine and a specific beta 2-receptor agonist , salbutamol stimulated androgen release in a concentration-dependent manner . | NA | {
"id": "C0014563",
"name": "epinephrine",
"pos": [
16,
27
]
} | {
"id": "C0028351",
"name": "norepinephrine",
"pos": [
30,
44
]
} |
the concentrations of the agonists required for half-maximum stimulation ( ec50 ) were approximately 1 nm ( isoproterenol ) , 8 nm ( epinephrine ) , 9 nm ( salbutamol ) and 2 microm ( norepinephrine ) giving an order of potency of isoproterenol greater than epinephrine = salbutamol much greater than norepinephrine . | NA | {
"id": "C0014563",
"name": "epinephrine",
"pos": [
133,
144
]
} | {
"id": "C0028351",
"name": "norepinephrine",
"pos": [
301,
315
]
} |
the intracellular buffers that are capable of contributing to this enhanced buffering capacity were identified as inorganic phosphate , protein-bound histidine residues , the dipeptide carnosine , bicarbonate , and creatine phosphate . | NA | {
"id": "C0012512",
"name": "dipeptide",
"pos": [
175,
184
]
} | {
"id": "C0007267",
"name": "carnosine",
"pos": [
185,
194
]
} |
passive administration of neutralizing antibody protected against mav-2 ( o ) -induced bone growth when antibody was given to the embryo 1 day after virus . | NA | {
"id": "C0475463",
"name": "neutralizing antibody",
"pos": [
26,
47
]
} | {
"id": "C0003241",
"name": "antibody",
"pos": [
104,
112
]
} |
neutralizing antibody also protected against an acute anemia observed when normal and bursectomized chickens were given mav-2 ( o ) 32/2/4 , but antibody did not prevent the appearance of a chronic anemia or osteopetrosis in bursectomized chickens . | NA | {
"id": "C0475463",
"name": "neutralizing antibody",
"pos": [
0,
21
]
} | {
"id": "C0003241",
"name": "antibody",
"pos": [
145,
153
]
} |
the baseline and control dietary fats were a mixture of peanut oil and cocoa butter , whereas the fish oil diet contained high levels of omega-3 fatty acids . | NA | {
"id": "C0012171",
"name": "dietary fats",
"pos": [
25,
37
]
} | {
"id": "C0056057",
"name": "cocoa butter",
"pos": [
71,
83
]
} |
plasmid dna from bacillus subtilis was introduced into monolayers of human fibroblasts by means of a modification of the calcium phosphate coprecipitation technique , comprising centrifugation of the coprecipitate onto the cells and treatment with polyethyleneglycol . | NA | {
"id": "C0016030",
"name": "fibroblasts",
"pos": [
75,
86
]
} | {
"id": "C0007634",
"name": "cells",
"pos": [
223,
228
]
} |
molecular fate of heterologous bacterial dna in competent bacillus subtilis : further characterization of unstable association between donor and recipient dna and the involvement of the cellular membrane . | NA | {
"id": "C0012924",
"name": "bacterial dna",
"pos": [
31,
44
]
} | {
"id": "C0012854",
"name": "dna",
"pos": [
155,
158
]
} |
although heterospecific transformation is extremely inefficient and very little heterologous donor dna integrates into the recipient chromosome in a stable way , we have previously shown that b. pumilus dna entering competent b. subtilis efficiently associates with the recipient chromosome in an unstable way . | NA | {
"id": "C0012854",
"name": "dna",
"pos": [
99,
102
]
} | {
"id": "C0919262",
"name": "b",
"pos": [
302,
303
]
} |
transfer rnas specific for glutamine , glutamic acid and lysine as well as a specific ochre suppressor derived from lysine trna ( trnauaalys encoded by the supg allele ) , contain this modified nucleoside at position 34 ( the wobble position ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0017797",
"name": "glutamine",
"pos": [
27,
36
]
} | {
"id": "C0061472",
"name": "glutamic acid",
"pos": [
39,
52
]
} |
the organization of the ribosomal dna ( rdna ) repeat unit in the standard wild-type strain of neurospora crassa , 74-or23-1a , and in 30 other wild-type strains and wild-collected strains of n. crassa , . tetrasperma , n. sitophila , n. intermedia , and n. discreta isolated from nature , was investigated by restriction enzyme digestion of genomic dna , and probing of the southern-blotted dna fragments with specific cloned pieces of the rdna unit from 74-or23-1a . | NA | {
"id": "C0012854",
"name": "dna",
"pos": [
34,
37
]
} | {
"id": "C0012933",
"name": "rdna",
"pos": [
441,
445
]
} |
by the age of two , 95 % of the population had some antibodies against l. loa and by five the percentage of individuals positive for each antibody class had reached adult levels . | NA | {
"id": "C0003241",
"name": "antibodies",
"pos": [
52,
62
]
} | {
"id": "C0021017",
"name": "antibody class",
"pos": [
138,
152
]
} |
vesiculogen is a non-dialyzable fraction of a hot water extract from a fungus , peziza vesiculosa ( yadomae et al , microbiol . immunol . 23 , 997 ( 1979 ] , and was composed of protein ( approximately 60 % ) , carbohydrate ( approximately 30 % ) , and a small amount of amino sugar , uronic acid , phosphate , and lipid . | NA | {
"id": "C0007004",
"name": "carbohydrate",
"pos": [
211,
223
]
} | {
"id": "C0002531",
"name": "amino sugar",
"pos": [
271,
282
]
} |
a prion could by reverse translation produce a similar effect on the ir gene or by protein -- -- protein replication create new antigenic proteins which could confuse immune signals from the macrophages to t-cells ; | NA | {
"id": "C0033164",
"name": "prion",
"pos": [
2,
7
]
} | {
"id": "C0033684",
"name": "proteins",
"pos": [
138,
146
]
} |
evaluation of cyclocytidine in reinduction and maintenance therapy of children with acute nonlymphocytic leukemia previously treated with cytosine arabinoside : a report from children 's cancer study group . | NA | {
"id": "C0010557",
"name": "cyclocytidine",
"pos": [
14,
27
]
} | {
"id": "C0010711",
"name": "cytosine arabinoside",
"pos": [
138,
158
]
} |
a study of children in relapse with acute nonlymphocytic leukemia ( anll ) previously maintained in remission with combination chemotherapy including cytosine arabinoside ( ara-c ) was undertaken by children 's cancer study group ( ccsg ) to assess the efficacy of cyclocytidine ( cyclo-c ) , a depot ara-c , compared to parenteral ara-c given every 12 hr . | NA | {
"id": "C0010711",
"name": "cytosine arabinoside",
"pos": [
150,
170
]
} | {
"id": "C0010557",
"name": "cyclocytidine",
"pos": [
265,
278
]
} |
the two study groups did not differ in age , sodium and potassium metabolism , and plasma levels of renin , aldosterone and norepinephrine , while plasma epinephrine was slightly higher in essential hypertension . | NA | {
"id": "C0028351",
"name": "norepinephrine",
"pos": [
124,
138
]
} | {
"id": "C0014563",
"name": "epinephrine",
"pos": [
154,
165
]
} |
to clarify the nature and the origin of the catecholamine in the vagus , a quantitative estimation of dopamine , norepinephrine and epinephrine in the human abdomen , canine cervical and supradiaphragmatic vagus was performed . | NA | {
"id": "C0028351",
"name": "norepinephrine",
"pos": [
113,
127
]
} | {
"id": "C0014563",
"name": "epinephrine",
"pos": [
132,
143
]
} |
based on these results , it is concluded that : ( 1 ) catecholamine s in the human and canine vagus are dopamine and norepinephrine not epinephrine ; | NA | {
"id": "C0028351",
"name": "norepinephrine",
"pos": [
117,
131
]
} | {
"id": "C0014563",
"name": "epinephrine",
"pos": [
136,
147
]
} |
the binding of [ 3h ] hspiroperidol to d2 dopaminergic receptors in rat striatum was compared to the binding of [ 3h ] dopamine to its binding sites . | NA | {
"id": "C0058698",
"name": "d2 dopaminergic receptors",
"pos": [
39,
64
]
} | {
"id": "C0034798",
"name": "dopamine",
"pos": [
119,
127
]
} |
antipsychotic drugs competed with both high and low affinities for two fractions of [ 3h ] dopamine-binding sites , but for most drugs , their potencies at even the high affinity component were significantly less than their affinities at d2 receptors . | NA | {
"id": "C0034798",
"name": "dopamine-binding sites",
"pos": [
91,
113
]
} | {
"id": "C0058698",
"name": "d2 receptors",
"pos": [
238,
250
]
} |
in contrast , competition curves using the full agonists angiotensin ii , [ sar1 ] angiotensin ii , angiotensin iii , and [ des-arg ] angiotensin iii display slope factors of 0.79 , 0.87 , 0.70 , and 0.84 , respectively . | NA | {
"id": "C0003009",
"name": "angiotensin ii",
"pos": [
57,
71
]
} | {
"id": "C0003018",
"name": "angiotensin",
"pos": [
134,
145
]
} |
in contrast , competition curves using the full agonists angiotensin ii , [ sar1 ] angiotensin ii , angiotensin iii , and [ des-arg ] angiotensin iii display slope factors of 0.79 , 0.87 , 0.70 , and 0.84 , respectively . | NA | {
"id": "C0003012",
"name": "angiotensin iii",
"pos": [
100,
115
]
} | {
"id": "C0003018",
"name": "angiotensin",
"pos": [
134,
145
]
} |
the inhibition of adenylate cyclase was specific for psychoactive cannabinoids , since cannabinol and cannabidiol produced minimal or no response . | NA | {
"id": "C0006864",
"name": "cannabinoids",
"pos": [
66,
78
]
} | {
"id": "C0006865",
"name": "cannabinol",
"pos": [
87,
97
]
} |
in the course of our studies on the developmental changes of aromatic l-amino acid decarboxylase ( aadc ) in the serum of japanese monkeys ( macaca fuscata fuscata ) , we found the presence of an endogenous inhibitor of aadc in all stages of monkey life . | NA | {
"id": "C1412028",
"name": "aromatic l-amino",
"pos": [
61,
77
]
} | {
"id": "C0007054",
"name": "aadc",
"pos": [
220,
224
]
} |
the acid phosphatase activities found in these bacteria were not inhibited in vitro by choline , betaine and phosphorylcholine . | NA | {
"id": "C0008405",
"name": "choline",
"pos": [
87,
94
]
} | {
"id": "C0031716",
"name": "phosphorylcholine",
"pos": [
109,
126
]
} |
a standard curve constructed using such data provided a simple means for quantizing specific chloroplast dna sequences in partially purified total dna from protoplast extracts . | NA | {
"id": "C0000702",
"name": "a",
"pos": [
0,
1
]
} | {
"id": "C0012854",
"name": "dna",
"pos": [
147,
150
]
} |
the effect of ethanol consumption has been studied on the fluorescence polarization of rat liver plasma membranes and artificial lipid vesicles and on the lipid composition of the membranes . | NA | {
"id": "C0023779",
"name": "lipid",
"pos": [
129,
134
]
} | {
"id": "C0025249",
"name": "lipid",
"pos": [
155,
160
]
} |
both of these plasmid-encoded proteins constituted 0.1 to 0.3 % of the total cellular protein and were virtually identical to the authentic adenovirus 2 e1a 42- to 50-kd and e1b 53- to 58-kd tumor antigens ( t antigen ) as determined by gel electrophoresis , immunoprecipitation , and tryptic fingerprint analysis . | NA | {
"id": "C0003335",
"name": "tumor antigens",
"pos": [
191,
205
]
} | {
"id": "C0003343",
"name": "t antigen",
"pos": [
208,
217
]
} |
pulse-chase experiments showed that the small-sized dna produced in a short-term incubation was converted to full-length closed circular and open circular dnas in alkaline sucrose gradients . | NA | {
"id": "C0012854",
"name": "dna",
"pos": [
52,
55
]
} | {
"id": "C0012925",
"name": "circular dnas",
"pos": [
146,
159
]
} |
thus , an amino acid sequence in the amino-terminal region of the 28k protein confers membrane affinity to these proteins , whereas a region between the amino-terminal end of the 42k protein of ad2+nd2 and the amino-terminal end of the 28k protein of ad2+nd1 contains a reactive site for fatty acid acylation . | NA | {
"id": "C0025252",
"name": "membrane",
"pos": [
86,
94
]
} | {
"id": "C0033684",
"name": "protein",
"pos": [
240,
247
]
} |
although both p21 proteins of ej and the normal c-ras genes which are not phosphorylated have a half-life of 20 h , the viral p21 protein of harvey murine sarcoma virus which includes a phosphorylated form is much more stable in cells , having a half-life of 42 h , apparently due to phosphorylation . | NA | {
"id": "C0033684",
"name": "proteins",
"pos": [
18,
26
]
} | {
"id": "C0042736",
"name": "viral",
"pos": [
120,
125
]
} |
analysis of tryptic phosphopeptides revealed that six of the seven major peptides were common to the receptor from cells treated with egf or tpa . | NA | {
"id": "C0031684",
"name": "phosphopeptides",
"pos": [
20,
35
]
} | {
"id": "C0030956",
"name": "peptides",
"pos": [
73,
81
]
} |
the kinetics of in vitro dna methylation reactions catalyzed by mel cell dna methyltransferase showed that substantial numbers of hemimethylated sites accumulate in the dna of terminally differentiating f9 and mel cells , implying that a partial loss of dna-methylating activity may accompany terminal differentiation in these two cell types . | NA | {
"id": "C0012854",
"name": "dna",
"pos": [
25,
28
]
} | {
"id": "C0000702",
"name": "a",
"pos": [
312,
313
]
} |
in contrast , a mutant whose src protein had the dipeptide asp-leu substituted for amino acids 2 to 81 and a mutant with the tripeptide asp-leu-gly substituted for amino acids 2 to 15 were transformation defective , and the mutant proteins did not associate with membranes and were not labeled with [ 3h ] myristic acid . | NA | {
"id": "C0033684",
"name": "protein",
"pos": [
33,
40
]
} | {
"id": "C1564139",
"name": "mutant proteins",
"pos": [
224,
239
]
} |
type i collagen rnas in chondrocytes display altered electrophoretic mobilities , suggesting that in these cells the reduction in translational efficiency may be mediated in part by changes in the rna structure . | NA | {
"id": "C0225369",
"name": "chondrocytes",
"pos": [
24,
36
]
} | {
"id": "C0007634",
"name": "cells",
"pos": [
107,
112
]
} |
comparison of dna-repair synthesis , chromosome aberrations and induction of micronuclei in cultured human fibroblasts , chinese hamster ovary and central mudminnow ( umbra limi ) cells exposed to chemical mutagens . | NA | {
"id": "C0016030",
"name": "fibroblasts",
"pos": [
107,
118
]
} | {
"id": "C0007634",
"name": "cells",
"pos": [
180,
185
]
} |
the herbicide , paraquat ( 1,1'-dimethyl-4,4'-bipyridylium ion ) , was found to be toxic and lytic to nostoc muscorum in n2 ( at the expense of elemental nitrogen , i.e . unsupplemented with any combined nitrogen source ) and no-3 media , without any apparent inhibitory or stimulatory effect on its nitrogen-fixing apparatus , i.e . heterocyst formation . | NA | {
"id": "C0013879",
"name": "elemental",
"pos": [
144,
153
]
} | {
"id": "C0028158",
"name": "nitrogen",
"pos": [
300,
308
]
} |
the antiepileptic drugs , phenytoin , primidone and phenobarbital , were tested in chinese hamster ovary ( cho ) cells for their ability to induce sister-chromatid exchanges ( sces ) and structural chromosomal aberrations ( cas ) , with and without metabolic activation . | NA | {
"id": "C0033148",
"name": "primidone",
"pos": [
38,
47
]
} | {
"id": "C0031412",
"name": "phenobarbital",
"pos": [
52,
65
]
} |
lincomycin ( 5 micrograms/ml ) , clindamycin ( 5 micrograms/ml ) and novobiocin ( 5 micrograms/ml ) inhibited almost all the test tribes . | NA | {
"id": "C0023726",
"name": "lincomycin",
"pos": [
0,
10
]
} | {
"id": "C0008947",
"name": "clindamycin",
"pos": [
33,
44
]
} |
analysis of rat fibroblasts transfected with these altered genes demonstrates that all amino acids except glycine ( which is encoded by normal cellular ras genes ) and proline at position 12 activate p21 , suggesting a requirement for an alpha-helical structure in this region of the polypeptide . | NA | {
"id": "C0016030",
"name": "fibroblasts",
"pos": [
16,
27
]
} | {
"id": "C0007634",
"name": "cellular",
"pos": [
143,
151
]
} |
5'-n-methylcarboxamidoadenosine ( meca ; ic50 0.81 mumol/l ) and 5'-n-carboxamidoadenosine ( nca ; ic50 2.1 mumol/l ) were less potent , whereas adenosine , 2-chloroadenosine and ( - ) n6-phenylisopropyladenosine [ ( - ) pia ] exhibit ic50-values of about 1.5 mumol/l . | NA | {
"id": "C0001443",
"name": "adenosine",
"pos": [
22,
31
]
} | {
"id": "C0000275",
"name": "2-chloroadenosine",
"pos": [
157,
174
]
} |
5'-n-methylcarboxamidoadenosine ( meca ; ic50 0.81 mumol/l ) and 5'-n-carboxamidoadenosine ( nca ; ic50 2.1 mumol/l ) were less potent , whereas adenosine , 2-chloroadenosine and ( - ) n6-phenylisopropyladenosine [ ( - ) pia ] exhibit ic50-values of about 1.5 mumol/l . | NA | {
"id": "C0001443",
"name": "adenosine",
"pos": [
22,
31
]
} | {
"id": "C0031484",
"name": "phenylisopropyladenosine",
"pos": [
188,
212
]
} |
the `` '' half-saturating outside concentration '' '' and the vmax of the extraneuronal o-methylating system of the dog saphenous vein were determined in vitro for 3 catecholamines : isoprenaline , adrenaline and noradrenaline . | NA | {
"id": "C0007412",
"name": "catecholamin",
"pos": [
166,
178
]
} | {
"id": "C0022245",
"name": ": isoprenali",
"pos": [
181,
193
]
} |
the `` '' half-saturating outside concentrations '' '' and the vmax obtained by the first method were : 1.3 , 2.5 and 3.4 mumol/l and 241 , 317 and 294 pmol/g/min for 3h- ( +/- ) -isoprenaline , 3h- ( +/- ) -adrenaline and 3h- ( - ) -noradrenaline , respectively . | NA | {
"id": "C0014563",
"name": ") -adrenali",
"pos": [
205,
216
]
} | {
"id": "C0028351",
"name": ") -noradrenali",
"pos": [
231,
245
]
} |
the ic50s obtained by the second method used were : 1.1 , 0.6 , 0.7 and 1.4 mumol/l for ( +/- ) -isoprenaline , ( - ) -isoprenaline , ( - ) -adrenaline and ( - ) -noradrenaline , respectively . | NA | {
"id": "C0014563",
"name": "adrenaline",
"pos": [
141,
151
]
} | {
"id": "C0028351",
"name": "noradrenaline",
"pos": [
163,
176
]
} |
it was observed that the contraction of the strips caused by adrenaline and noradrenaline distorted ic50 values . | NA | {
"id": "C0014563",
"name": "adrenaline",
"pos": [
61,
71
]
} | {
"id": "C0028351",
"name": "noradrenaline",
"pos": [
76,
89
]
} |
in the presence of 1 mumol/l phentolamine the ic50 for adrenaline and noradrenaline was about 2.5 times higher than in its absence . | NA | {
"id": "C0014563",
"name": "adrenaline",
"pos": [
55,
65
]
} | {
"id": "C0028351",
"name": "noradrenaline",
"pos": [
70,
83
]
} |
fluorescence microphotometric measurements of catecholamine uptake in trachealis smooth muscle cells , when tissues were incubated in 200 or 1,200 mumol/l isoprenaline , adrenaline or noradrenaline in the absence and presence of extraneuronal uptake inhibitors ( corticosterone , normetanephrine , phenoxybenzamine ) , showed that the contribution of diffusional entry to the uptake of the amines into the cells fitted with the order of their lipophilicities , viz . isoprenaline much greater than adrenaline greater than noradrenaline . | NA | {
"id": "C0028385",
"name": "normetanephrine",
"pos": [
280,
295
]
} | {
"id": "C0028351",
"name": "noradrenaline",
"pos": [
522,
535
]
} |
fluorescence microphotometric measurements of catecholamine uptake in trachealis smooth muscle cells , when tissues were incubated in 200 or 1,200 mumol/l isoprenaline , adrenaline or noradrenaline in the absence and presence of extraneuronal uptake inhibitors ( corticosterone , normetanephrine , phenoxybenzamine ) , showed that the contribution of diffusional entry to the uptake of the amines into the cells fitted with the order of their lipophilicities , viz . isoprenaline much greater than adrenaline greater than noradrenaline . | NA | {
"id": "C0014563",
"name": "adrenaline",
"pos": [
170,
180
]
} | {
"id": "C0028351",
"name": "noradrenaline",
"pos": [
522,
535
]
} |
( + ) -pindolol was less potent as antagonist of the relaxant effects of ( - ) -noradrenaline on trachea than against those of ( - ) -adrenaline , ( - ) -isoprenaline and ( +/- ) -salbutamol . | NA | {
"id": "C0028351",
"name": "noradrenaline",
"pos": [
80,
93
]
} | {
"id": "C0014563",
"name": "adrenaline",
"pos": [
134,
144
]
} |
this anatomical distribution is the same as that found for 1,4-dihydropyridine binding sites , labelled by 3h-nimodipine . | NA | {
"id": "C0012315",
"name": "dihydropyridine",
"pos": [
63,
78
]
} | {
"id": "C0028094",
"name": "nimodipine",
"pos": [
110,
120
]
} |
3h-domperidone ( 3h-domp ) binding sites were compared in rat striatum and pituitary , regarding the effects of the non-hydrolysable gtp analog , gpp ( nh ) p and inhibition by various dopamine ( da ) antagonists . | NA | {
"id": "C0018353",
"name": "gtp",
"pos": [
133,
136
]
} | {
"id": "C0018366",
"name": "gpp ( nh ) p",
"pos": [
146,
158
]
} |
adrenaline and noradrenaline evoked dose-dependent increases in amylase output which were similar to those produced by fs . | NA | {
"id": "C0014563",
"name": "adrenaline",
"pos": [
0,
10
]
} | {
"id": "C0028351",
"name": "noradrenaline",
"pos": [
15,
28
]
} |
fs also resulted in a reversible increase in the fractional efflux of tritium ( 3h ) from rat pancreatic tissues preincubated with either 3h-noradrenaline or 3h-adrenaline . | NA | {
"id": "C0028351",
"name": "noradrenaline",
"pos": [
141,
154
]
} | {
"id": "C0014563",
"name": "adrenaline",
"pos": [
161,
171
]
} |
radioligand binding of 5'-n-ethylcarboxamido [ 3h ] -adenosine [ ( 3h ] neca ) to ra adenosine receptors of human platelet membranes was not changed by nem at low radioligand concentrations . | NA | {
"id": "C0001443",
"name": "adenosine",
"pos": [
53,
62
]
} | {
"id": "C0050789",
"name": "neca",
"pos": [
72,
76
]
} |
the present study compares the effect of sodium bicarbonate ( lonahco3 , na = 134 , hco3 = 33 meq/l ) and sodium acetate ( lonaac , na = 134 , acetate 33 meq/1 ) dialysate on the extravascular fluid mobilization ( vfm ) and hemodynamic changes in 6 patients during 3 h of hemodialysis with equivalent fluid ultrafiltration of about 600 ml/h . | NA | {
"id": "C0074722",
"name": "sodium bicarbonate",
"pos": [
41,
59
]
} | {
"id": "C0005367",
"name": "hco3",
"pos": [
84,
88
]
} |
the effect of reserpine on dopamine , noradrenaline , adrenaline and serotonin concentrations in different brain regions , and the recovery of normal levels of these monoamines after such treatment were studied in rats aged 5 , 15 and 27 months . | NA | {
"id": "C0028351",
"name": "noradrenaline",
"pos": [
38,
51
]
} | {
"id": "C0014563",
"name": "adrenaline",
"pos": [
54,
64
]
} |
enkephalin octapeptide served as a precursor of met-enkephalin by sequential action ( release of leu and arg-gly ) of both carboxypeptidases . | NA | {
"id": "C0014298",
"name": "enkephalin",
"pos": [
0,
10
]
} | {
"id": "C0014295",
"name": "met-enkephalin",
"pos": [
48,
62
]
} |
in a rodent model of escherichia coli brain abscess , the natural history of the infection was studied and the influence of a glucocorticoid ( dexamethasone ) and an antibiotic ( gentamicin ) on the development of brain abscess and the survival of abscess-bearing animals was evaluated . | NA | {
"id": "C0006105",
"name": "the",
"pos": [
54,
57
]
} | {
"id": "C0000833",
"name": "abscess",
"pos": [
248,
255
]
} |
eighty-eight patients with a glasgow coma score of 8 or less 6 hours after nonpenetrating head trauma were given either high dose methylprednisolone sodium succinate ( 30 mg/kg q6h x2 , then 250 mg q6h x6 , then tapering over 8 days ) , low dose methylprednisolone ( 1.5 mg/kg q6h x2 , then 25 mg q6h x6 , then tapering over 8 days ) , or placebo . | NA | {
"id": "C0700546",
"name": "methylprednisolone sodium",
"pos": [
130,
155
]
} | {
"id": "C0025815",
"name": "methylprednisolone",
"pos": [
246,
264
]
} |
these results suggest that the cortical structures are involved not only in the transfer of information between the two dopaminergic pathways but are also involved with regulation of the release of dopamine in the striatum originating in the substantia nigra . | NA | {
"id": "C0282151",
"name": "dopaminergic",
"pos": [
120,
132
]
} | {
"id": "C0013030",
"name": "dopamine",
"pos": [
198,
206
]
} |
neuroblastoma-glioma ng108-15 cells that were cultured for 48 h with the opiate antagonist , naloxone , respond to the guanosine 5'-triphosphate ( gtp ) analogue guanosine 5'- [ beta , gamma-imido ] -triphosphate ( gmp-pnp ) in the binding assay as the control , non-treated , cells . | NA | {
"id": "C0018353",
"name": "guanosine",
"pos": [
119,
128
]
} | {
"id": "C0018366",
"name": "gmp-pnp",
"pos": [
215,
222
]
} |
the dihydropyridine compound bay k 8644 , a putative calcium entry activator , inhibits binding of the dihydropyridine calcium entry blocker , [ 3h ] nitrendipine , to rat skeletal muscle membranes . | NA | {
"id": "C0012315",
"name": "dihydropyridine",
"pos": [
4,
19
]
} | {
"id": "C0028127",
"name": "nitrendipine",
"pos": [
150,
162
]
} |
evidence for the existence of putative dopamine- , adrenaline- and noradrenaline-containing vagal motor neurons in the brainstem of the rat . | NA | {
"id": "C0014563",
"name": "adrenaline",
"pos": [
51,
61
]
} | {
"id": "C0028351",
"name": "noradrenaline",
"pos": [
67,
80
]
} |
the presence of putative dopamine ( da ) , noradrenaline ( na ) and adrenaline ( a ) neurons in topographically distinct regions of the dmnx implicates , da , na and a in the modulation of cholinergic transmission at the level of parasympathetic ganglia in discrete parts of the thoracic and abdominal viscera . | NA | {
"id": "C0014563",
"name": "adrenaline",
"pos": [
46,
56
]
} | {
"id": "C0028351",
"name": "na",
"pos": [
298,
300
]
} |
during the forty-year period , there was an increase in the incidence of four of the five cancers studied , and an increase in admission rate for non-specific abdominal pain , head injury ( indicated by skull fracture ) , peripheral arterial disease ( indicated by aortic aneurysm ) , gall-stone disease and pancreatitis , large bowel disorders and breast diseases . | NA | {
"id": "C0018674",
"name": "head injury",
"pos": [
176,
187
]
} | {
"id": "C0037304",
"name": "skull fracture",
"pos": [
203,
217
]
} |
bupivacaine , a long-acting amide local anesthetic , is a chemical analogue of mepivacaine with high lipid-solubility and protein-binding characteristics . | NA | {
"id": "C0006400",
"name": "bupivacaine",
"pos": [
0,
11
]
} | {
"id": "C2917349",
"name": "amide local anesthetic",
"pos": [
28,
50
]
} |
bupivacaine , a long-acting amide local anesthetic , is a chemical analogue of mepivacaine with high lipid-solubility and protein-binding characteristics . | NA | {
"id": "C2917349",
"name": "amide local anesthetic",
"pos": [
28,
50
]
} | {
"id": "C0025384",
"name": "mepivacaine",
"pos": [
79,
90
]
} |
the analysis of free amino acids serine , proline , glutamic acid + glutamine , and glycine in the whole saliva did not show any significant differences between the two groups studied . | NA | {
"id": "C0002520",
"name": "amino",
"pos": [
21,
26
]
} | {
"id": "C0017890",
"name": "glycine",
"pos": [
84,
91
]
} |
the analysis of free amino acids serine , proline , glutamic acid + glutamine , and glycine in the whole saliva did not show any significant differences between the two groups studied . | NA | {
"id": "C0061472",
"name": "glutamic acid",
"pos": [
52,
65
]
} | {
"id": "C0017797",
"name": "glutamine",
"pos": [
68,
77
]
} |
rickets and osteomalacia result from a variety of inherited and acquired conditions , but affected individuals present with striking stereotypical features . | NA | {
"id": "C0035579",
"name": "rickets",
"pos": [
0,
7
]
} | {
"id": "C0029442",
"name": "osteomalacia",
"pos": [
12,
24
]
} |
in this article , the author provides a discussion of vitamin d metabolism and a detailed description of the clinical presentation , diagnosis , evaluation , and treatment of rickets and osteomalacia . | NA | {
"id": "C0035579",
"name": "rickets",
"pos": [
175,
182
]
} | {
"id": "C0029442",
"name": "osteomalacia",
"pos": [
187,
199
]
} |
re : a brief comment on 'the headache scale : a new approach to the assessment of headache pain based on pain descriptions ' . | NA | {
"id": "C0018681",
"name": "headache",
"pos": [
29,
37
]
} | {
"id": "C0030193",
"name": "pain",
"pos": [
105,
109
]
} |
in 6 patients , without severe clinical symptoms acetate levels became stable during the last hour of dialysis ( 4.86 +/- 0.44 mmol/l ) and decreased according to first order kinetics ( half-life ( 8.82 +/- 3.42 mn ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0022702",
"name": "kinetics",
"pos": [
175,
183
]
} | {
"id": "C0018517",
"name": "half-life",
"pos": [
186,
195
]
} |
the yjv-i125 is added to serum sample and the immune complexes are precipitated by a second antibody with polyethylene glycol . | NA | {
"id": "C0003313",
"name": "immune complexes",
"pos": [
46,
62
]
} | {
"id": "C0003241",
"name": "antibody",
"pos": [
92,
100
]
} |
the average total cholesterol , phospholipid , and protein content per fetal erythrocyte ghost as well as ratios of protein/lipid , protein/cholesterol , and protein/phospholipids were all significantly greater than in the adult ghost ( p less than 0.01 ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0015950",
"name": "protein",
"pos": [
51,
58
]
} | {
"id": "C0033684",
"name": "protein",
"pos": [
158,
165
]
} |
the fragile-x syndrome , an x-linked form of mental retardation , is estimated to affect one in every 1,000 to 2,000 live-born male infants . | NA | {
"id": "C0016667",
"name": "fragile-x syndrome",
"pos": [
4,
22
]
} | {
"id": "C1136249",
"name": "x-linked",
"pos": [
28,
36
]
} |
most commonly , fragile-x syndrome has been detected only after patients clearly demonstrate developmental delay , and frequently detection occurs only if the family history is consistent with x-linked mental retardation . | NA | {
"id": "C0016667",
"name": "fragile-x syndrome",
"pos": [
16,
34
]
} | {
"id": "C1136249",
"name": "x-linked mental retardation",
"pos": [
193,
220
]
} |
a solution study of interaction between dna and ecori restriction enzyme shows that there is a definite distortion of dna in the specific recognition complexes but no measurable dna distortion in the non-specific interaction . | NA | {
"id": "C0000702",
"name": "a",
"pos": [
0,
1
]
} | {
"id": "C0012854",
"name": "dna",
"pos": [
178,
181
]
} |
three species of single-stranded dna have been found in hybrid molecules : full-sized mdg dna containing either one or two ltrs ( both minus strands ) and single ltr sequences ( plus strand ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0012935",
"name": "single-stranded dna",
"pos": [
17,
36
]
} | {
"id": "C0012854",
"name": "dna",
"pos": [
90,
93
]
} |
the termini of rrna processing intermediates and of mature rrna species encoded by the 3 ' terminal region of 23s rdna , by 4.5s rdna , by the 5 ' terminal region of 5s rdna and by the 23s/4.5s/5s intergenic regions from zea mays chloroplast dna were determined by using total rna isolated from maize chloroplasts and 32p-labelled rdna restriction fragments of these regions for nuclease s1 and primer extension mapping . | NA | {
"id": "C0035701",
"name": "rrna",
"pos": [
15,
19
]
} | {
"id": "C0035668",
"name": "rna",
"pos": [
277,
280
]
} |
we performed a prospective study evaluating the incidence of diarrhea and clostridium difficile toxin in 115 outpatients ( ages 6 months to 6 years ) with acute otitis media treated with ampicillin , amoxicillin or trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole . | NA | {
"id": "C0002680",
"name": "ampicillin",
"pos": [
187,
197
]
} | {
"id": "C0002645",
"name": "amoxicillin",
"pos": [
200,
211
]
} |
binding was specific for androgens with the following ki ( nm ) values : r1881 ( 0.09 ) , dihydrotestosterone ( 6 ) , testosterone ( 50 ) , progesterone ( 92 ) , estradiol ( 100 ) , epitestosterone ( 860 ) , and cortisol ( greater than 1,000 ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0039601",
"name": "testosterone",
"pos": [
97,
109
]
} | {
"id": "C0014594",
"name": "epitestosterone",
"pos": [
182,
197
]
} |
higher s values were not observed in the presence of the following protein inhibitors : leupeptin ( 20 or 150 microm ) , iodoacetamide ( 10 mm ) , dfp ( 5 mm ) , pmsf ( 1 mm ) , bacitracin ( 0.1 mm ) , antipain ( 0.1 mm ) , aprotinin ( 1 tiu/ml ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0033684",
"name": "protein",
"pos": [
67,
74
]
} | {
"id": "C0003641",
"name": "aprotinin",
"pos": [
224,
233
]
} |
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