text stringlengths 57 1.72k | relation stringclasses 125
values | h dict | t dict |
|---|---|---|---|
a major c-peptide deletion prevents secretion of a mutant human proinsulin from transfected monkey kidney cells . | NA | {
"id": "C0006558",
"name": "c-peptide",
"pos": [
8,
17
]
} | {
"id": "C0033362",
"name": "proinsulin",
"pos": [
64,
74
]
} |
the biosynthesis and secretion of human proinsulin and a mutant human proinsulin with a major deletion in the c-peptide , ( des 38-62 ) proinsulin , was studied in monkey kidney cells ( cos-7 ) transfected with cdnas encoding the respective normal or mutant human preproinsulins . | NA | {
"id": "C0006558",
"name": "c-peptide",
"pos": [
110,
119
]
} | {
"id": "C0033362",
"name": "proinsulin",
"pos": [
267,
277
]
} |
these results suggest that c-peptide plays an important role in the efficient transfer of proinsulin through the early stages of the secretory pathway . | NA | {
"id": "C0006558",
"name": "c-peptide",
"pos": [
27,
36
]
} | {
"id": "C0033362",
"name": "proinsulin",
"pos": [
90,
100
]
} |
in addition measurements in urine reveals that at the dose used sinemet prevents peripheral decarboxylation of dl-threo-dops into noradrenaline . | NA | {
"id": "C0000378",
"name": "threo-dops",
"pos": [
114,
124
]
} | {
"id": "C0028351",
"name": "noradrenaline",
"pos": [
130,
143
]
} |
such direct species-to-species extrapolations , however , do not take into account potentially important species differences in systemic uptake , tissue distribution , metabolism , deposition at the site ( s ) of action , and elimination . | NA | {
"id": "C0025519",
"name": "metabolism",
"pos": [
168,
178
]
} | {
"id": "C0221102",
"name": "elimination",
"pos": [
226,
237
]
} |
since , in the early 1970s , research by nerup 's and cudworth 's groups revealed associations between the hla-b locus and iddm , the hla markers are considered the classical genetic markers for iddm susceptibility . | NA | {
"id": "C0005516",
"name": "markers",
"pos": [
138,
145
]
} | {
"id": "C0017393",
"name": "genetic markers",
"pos": [
175,
190
]
} |
the primary structures of the hemoglobin components hb a and hb d of white-headed vulture ( trigonoceps occipitalis ) are presented . | NA | {
"id": "C0019016",
"name": "hemoglobin",
"pos": [
30,
40
]
} | {
"id": "C0019046",
"name": "hb",
"pos": [
61,
63
]
} |
bovine pancreatic trypsin inhibitor ( bpti , also known as aprotinin or kunitz inhibitor , a mini-protein composed of 58 amino-acid residues , containing a single methionine residue at position 52 ) has been selectively oxidized by treatment with chloramine t , under mild conditions , to the methionyl sulfoxide derivat... | NA | {
"id": "C0003641",
"name": "aprotinin",
"pos": [
59,
68
]
} | {
"id": "C0033684",
"name": "protein",
"pos": [
98,
105
]
} |
oxidation affects the functional properties of the two inhibitors differently : the antiproteolytic activity of bpti towards bovine trypsin and chymotrypsin , porcine kallikrein and human leukocyte elastase is not changed upon oxidation , while in the oxidized si ii , the affinity for both chymotrypsin and elastase dec... | NA | {
"id": "C0064833",
"name": "human leukocyte elastase",
"pos": [
182,
206
]
} | {
"id": "C0030306",
"name": "elastase",
"pos": [
308,
316
]
} |
while the activity of ornithine decarboxylase and the intracellular concentration of putrescine increased only transiently and that of spermine declined , the rise of the protein synthetic rate was paralleled by that of the intracellular spermidine concentration . | NA | {
"id": "C0034170",
"name": "putrescine",
"pos": [
85,
95
]
} | {
"id": "C0037871",
"name": "concentration",
"pos": [
249,
262
]
} |
while the activity of ornithine decarboxylase and the intracellular concentration of putrescine increased only transiently and that of spermine declined , the rise of the protein synthetic rate was paralleled by that of the intracellular spermidine concentration . | NA | {
"id": "C0037874",
"name": "spermine",
"pos": [
135,
143
]
} | {
"id": "C0037871",
"name": "concentration",
"pos": [
249,
262
]
} |
the objectives of our study were to compare the antihypertensive properties of linoleic acid ( omega-6 series ) and of fish oil fatty acids ( omega-3 series ) in a model of hypertension induced by the continuous subcutaneous infusion of angiotensin ii in the rat and to determine whether or not their antihypertensive ef... | NA | {
"id": "C0016157",
"name": "fish oil",
"pos": [
119,
127
]
} | {
"id": "C0015689",
"name": "omega-3",
"pos": [
142,
149
]
} |
plasma norepinephrine and epinephrine were significantly elevated in doca/salt-treated rats , however , pvn lesions inhibited significantly those elevations . | NA | {
"id": "C0028351",
"name": "norepinephrine",
"pos": [
7,
21
]
} | {
"id": "C0014563",
"name": "epinephrine",
"pos": [
26,
37
]
} |
the magnitude of such a contraction was dependent on the period of ca depletion and was highly sensitive to dihydropyridine ca channel blocker , nifedipine . | NA | {
"id": "C0012315",
"name": "dihydropyridine",
"pos": [
108,
123
]
} | {
"id": "C0028066",
"name": "nifedipine",
"pos": [
145,
155
]
} |
by the study of frequency distribution it was observed that the fatty acid found in greater quantity was the palmitic one , followed by the palmitoleic , the oleic and stearic acids . | NA | {
"id": "C0015684",
"name": "fatty acid",
"pos": [
64,
74
]
} | {
"id": "C0038230",
"name": "stearic acids",
"pos": [
168,
181
]
} |
in a study performed on transformed ( sgs/3a ) and normal syngeneic rat cells ( fg/2 ) to identify the molecular mechanisms which regulate cell adhesion and contact inhibition in cell transformation , we investigated the effects of tumor promoters on cell to cell adhesion of rat fibroblasts . | NA | {
"id": "C0007634",
"name": "normal",
"pos": [
51,
57
]
} | {
"id": "C0016030",
"name": "fibroblasts",
"pos": [
280,
291
]
} |
furthermore , some epithelial cells of the rathke 's cysts co-expressed cytokeratins , s-100 protein and gfap , a fact seldom reported and only in relation to rare neoplasms . | NA | {
"id": "C0010709",
"name": "cysts",
"pos": [
53,
58
]
} | {
"id": "C0027651",
"name": "neoplasms",
"pos": [
164,
173
]
} |
cajal might have described a composite cell , or chimera , the cell body being that of a glial ( or perhaps a fibroblast-like ) cell and the processes being simultaneously stained neurites that ran in close association with the cell . | NA | {
"id": "C0016030",
"name": "fibroblast",
"pos": [
110,
120
]
} | {
"id": "C0007634",
"name": "cell",
"pos": [
228,
232
]
} |
in the myenteric plexus , staining with s-100 protein for glial cells and zio for fibroblast-like cells reveal cells between the external muscle layers . | NA | {
"id": "C0016030",
"name": "fibroblast",
"pos": [
82,
92
]
} | {
"id": "C0007634",
"name": "cells",
"pos": [
111,
116
]
} |
a linear association ( pearson correlation coefficient ) between vomiting frequency , duration or total vomiting episodes and tooth wear was not found , although the frequency of pathological tooth wear is significantly high in the vomiting bulimic group , especially if the total number of vomiting episodes is greater ... | NA | {
"id": "C0004277",
"name": "tooth wear",
"pos": [
126,
136
]
} | {
"id": "C2717979",
"name": "of",
"pos": [
288,
290
]
} |
multiple blood samples were collected after each dose for measurements of anti-xa , anti-iia and aptt plasma heparin activities . | NA | {
"id": "C0019139",
"name": "anti-xa",
"pos": [
74,
81
]
} | {
"id": "C0019134",
"name": "heparin",
"pos": [
109,
116
]
} |
this strongly supports the view that all three syndromes are variations of the same disease . | NA | {
"id": "C0039082",
"name": "syndromes",
"pos": [
47,
56
]
} | {
"id": "C0012634",
"name": "disease",
"pos": [
84,
91
]
} |
the peripheral blood contained fluorocytes and porphyrin analysis of the red blood cells , urine and faeces of the patients revealed an increase of the isotype i of uro- and coproporphyrin and normal concentrations of delta-aminolaevulinate and porphobilinogen , suggesting the diagnosis of erythropoietic porphyria . | NA | {
"id": "C0032712",
"name": "porphyrin",
"pos": [
47,
56
]
} | {
"id": "C0009988",
"name": "coproporphyrin",
"pos": [
174,
188
]
} |
three growth factors present in platelets , namely platelet-derived growth factor ( pdgf ) , transforming growth factor-beta ( tgf-beta ) and epidermal growth factor ( egf ) , have been implicated in the pathogenesis of bone marrow fibrosis frequently associated with myeloproliferative disorders . | NA | {
"id": "C0001815",
"name": "bone marrow fibrosis",
"pos": [
220,
240
]
} | {
"id": "C0027022",
"name": "myeloproliferative disorders",
"pos": [
268,
296
]
} |
nurses can play a leading role in educating parents and the public at large in ways to prevent drowning and near-drowning accidents in children . | NA | {
"id": "C0013142",
"name": "drowning",
"pos": [
95,
103
]
} | {
"id": "C0027516",
"name": "near-drowning",
"pos": [
108,
121
]
} |
the binding of radiolabeled [ 14c ] nadh and [ 14c ] nad+ to the e1 isozyme when measured by the sedimentation technique yielded linear scatchard plots with a dissociation constant of 17.6 microm for nadh and 21.4 microm for nad+ and a stoichiometry of ca . two coenzyme molecules bound per enzyme tetramer . | NA | {
"id": "C0022173",
"name": "isozyme",
"pos": [
68,
75
]
} | {
"id": "C0014442",
"name": "enzyme",
"pos": [
291,
297
]
} |
on the basis of the 13c relaxation behavior ( t1 and noe ) the dynamics of the alpha-carbons appear to be unique to each amino acid type and glycosylation state , with alpha-carbon mobilities decreasing in the order gly greater than ala = ser greater than thr much greater than monoglycosylated ser/thr approximately gre... | NA | {
"id": "C0002520",
"name": "amino acid",
"pos": [
121,
131
]
} | {
"id": "C0017890",
"name": "gly",
"pos": [
282,
285
]
} |
the mole ratio of mn/protein was calculated to range from 3.6 to 4.5 depending on the assumed stoichiometry of the protein subunits . | NA | {
"id": "C0033684",
"name": "protein",
"pos": [
21,
28
]
} | {
"id": "C0599220",
"name": "protein subunits",
"pos": [
115,
131
]
} |
hmg 1 is known to bind to a variety of dnas and to unwind nicked and closed circular dna . | NA | {
"id": "C0012854",
"name": "dnas",
"pos": [
39,
43
]
} | {
"id": "C0012925",
"name": "circular dna",
"pos": [
76,
88
]
} |
magnetic coupling between vo2+ or mn2+ and 23na , 39k , and 133cs was observed , demonstrating the close proximity of the monovalent cation and the protein-based divalent cation . | NA | {
"id": "C0007447",
"name": "cation",
"pos": [
133,
139
]
} | {
"id": "C0007448",
"name": "divalent cation",
"pos": [
162,
177
]
} |
recognition of damage induced by n-hydroxy-2-aminofluorene ( n-oh-af ) and n-acetoxy-2- ( acetylamino ) fluorene ( naaaf ) in both phi x174 rfi supercoiled dna and a linear dna fragment by purified uvra , uvrb , and uvrc proteins was investigated . | NA | {
"id": "C0012854",
"name": "dna",
"pos": [
156,
159
]
} | {
"id": "C0000702",
"name": "a",
"pos": [
242,
243
]
} |
pulsed field agarose gel ( pfg ) electrophoresis , originally used to improve the resolution by length of linear dna [ cantor et al . ( 1988 ) annu . rev . biophys . biophys . chem . 17 , 287-304 ] , is found here to cause atypical sieving of 48.5-97.0-kb open circular dna . | NA | {
"id": "C0012854",
"name": "dna",
"pos": [
113,
116
]
} | {
"id": "C0012925",
"name": "circular dna",
"pos": [
261,
273
]
} |
the mu of open circular lambda dna is smaller in magnitude than the mu of equally long linear lambda dna . | NA | {
"id": "C0012925",
"name": "circular",
"pos": [
15,
23
]
} | {
"id": "C0012854",
"name": "dna",
"pos": [
101,
104
]
} |
at the lower a values , open circular dna sometimes migrates more rapidly than linear dna of the same length . | NA | {
"id": "C0012925",
"name": "circular dna",
"pos": [
29,
41
]
} | {
"id": "C0012854",
"name": "dna",
"pos": [
86,
89
]
} |
ca2+ dependence of the distance between cys-98 of troponin c and cys-133 of troponin i in the ternary troponin complex . | NA | {
"id": "C0077401",
"name": "troponin i",
"pos": [
76,
86
]
} | {
"id": "C0041199",
"name": "troponin complex",
"pos": [
102,
118
]
} |
we have used resonance energy transfer to study the spatial relationship between cys-98 of rabbit skeletal troponin c and cys-133 of rabbit skeletal troponin i in the reconstituted ternary troponin complex . | NA | {
"id": "C0077401",
"name": "troponin i",
"pos": [
149,
159
]
} | {
"id": "C0041199",
"name": "troponin complex",
"pos": [
189,
205
]
} |
during the first stage of assignment , cosy and relayed cosy data were used to identify 40 amino acid spin systems belonging to alanine , valine , threonine , isoleucine , and serine residues . | NA | {
"id": "C0002520",
"name": "amino acid",
"pos": [
91,
101
]
} | {
"id": "C0001898",
"name": "alanine",
"pos": [
128,
135
]
} |
it has been identified in the bovine enzyme and porcine isoenzyme but is not apparent in the porcine enzyme . | NA | {
"id": "C0022173",
"name": "isoenzyme",
"pos": [
56,
65
]
} | {
"id": "C0014442",
"name": "enzyme",
"pos": [
101,
107
]
} |
vitelline protein c has an extraordinary composition : the amino acid 3,4-dihydroxyphenyl-l-alanine ( dopa ) and histidine each comprise about 20 % of the residues , while glycine represents 41-42 % in all variants of what appears to be a microheterogeneous protein family . | NA | {
"id": "C0002520",
"name": "amino acid",
"pos": [
59,
69
]
} | {
"id": "C0001898",
"name": "alanine",
"pos": [
92,
99
]
} |
vitelline protein c has an extraordinary composition : the amino acid 3,4-dihydroxyphenyl-l-alanine ( dopa ) and histidine each comprise about 20 % of the residues , while glycine represents 41-42 % in all variants of what appears to be a microheterogeneous protein family . | NA | {
"id": "C0002520",
"name": "amino acid",
"pos": [
59,
69
]
} | {
"id": "C0017890",
"name": "glycine",
"pos": [
172,
179
]
} |
the identification of the sodium-pump as the membrane-bound na+/k+-atpase : a commentary on 'the influence of some cations on an adenosine triphosphatase from peripheral nerves ' . | NA | {
"id": "C0001479",
"name": "na",
"pos": [
60,
62
]
} | {
"id": "C0001473",
"name": "adenosine triphosphatase",
"pos": [
129,
153
]
} |
our present results clearly show that all three microsomal acylation systems can be active in the reacylation of three major brain glycerophospholipids and that the higher contribution of the coa-independent system in the reacylation of ethanolamine glycerophospholipids , especially alkenylacyl-gpe , may tend to enrich... | NA | {
"id": "C0162448",
"name": "glycerophospholipids",
"pos": [
131,
151
]
} | {
"id": "C0031618",
"name": "ethanolamine glycerophospholipids",
"pos": [
237,
270
]
} |
mainly triacylglycerols and phospholipids with phosphatidylcholine ( 41 % ) and phosphatidylethanolamine ( 35 % ) as major polar lipid components , and also lower acylglycerols and cholesterol were found to be labeled . | NA | {
"id": "C0041004",
"name": "triacylglycerols",
"pos": [
7,
23
]
} | {
"id": "C0017860",
"name": "acylglycerols",
"pos": [
163,
176
]
} |
mainly triacylglycerols and phospholipids with phosphatidylcholine ( 41 % ) and phosphatidylethanolamine ( 35 % ) as major polar lipid components , and also lower acylglycerols and cholesterol were found to be labeled . | NA | {
"id": "C0023779",
"name": "lipid",
"pos": [
35,
40
]
} | {
"id": "C0017860",
"name": "acylglycerols",
"pos": [
163,
176
]
} |
these results demonstrate the ability of bk to increase [ ca2+ ] i and pge2 production in cultured vascular cells from the rabbit renal cortex and suggest that kinins might act on the cortical microcirculation via their direct effects on arteriolar smooth muscle cells . | NA | {
"id": "C0006100",
"name": "bk",
"pos": [
41,
43
]
} | {
"id": "C0022714",
"name": "kinins",
"pos": [
160,
166
]
} |
a lower accessibility to water-soluble quenchers of tryptophanyls of vldl apolipoproteins b , e , c as compared to ldl apob chromophores has been detected by a fluorescence quenching technique . | NA | {
"id": "C0003591",
"name": "apolipoproteins",
"pos": [
74,
89
]
} | {
"id": "C0003593",
"name": "apob",
"pos": [
119,
123
]
} |
it is suggested that : ( 1 ) the amphipathic apolipoproteins e and c are organized as clusters on the vldl surface and/or partially shielded by apolipoprotein b : ( 2 ) self-regulation of lypolysis may exist involving detergent-like reaction product accumulation and changes in relative apolipoprotein contents . | NA | {
"id": "C0003595",
"name": "apolipoproteins",
"pos": [
45,
60
]
} | {
"id": "C0003591",
"name": "apolipoprotein",
"pos": [
287,
301
]
} |
it is suggested that : ( 1 ) the amphipathic apolipoproteins e and c are organized as clusters on the vldl surface and/or partially shielded by apolipoprotein b : ( 2 ) self-regulation of lypolysis may exist involving detergent-like reaction product accumulation and changes in relative apolipoprotein contents . | NA | {
"id": "C0003593",
"name": "apolipoprotein b",
"pos": [
144,
160
]
} | {
"id": "C0003591",
"name": "apolipoprotein",
"pos": [
287,
301
]
} |
in each case , the antibodies recognized , in addition to the 19-20 kda apolipoprotein to which they were raised , similar 19-20 kda apolipoproteins from a wide range of species in the family cruciferae , but not in other plant families . | NA | {
"id": "C0003591",
"name": "apolipoprotein",
"pos": [
72,
86
]
} | {
"id": "C0003592",
"name": "apolipoproteins",
"pos": [
133,
148
]
} |
seasonal variations of plasma lipids and lipoproteins in the hedgehog , an animal model for lipoprotein ( a ) metabolism : relation to plasma thyroxine and testosterone levels . | NA | {
"id": "C0023820",
"name": "lipoproteins",
"pos": [
41,
53
]
} | {
"id": "C0065058",
"name": "lipoprotein",
"pos": [
92,
103
]
} |
in ten male hedgehogs , plasma concentrations of lipids , thyroxine and testosterone were assayed each month for 1 year beginning in september , while plasma lipoproteins from five of these animals were analyzed at the same dates using density gradient ultracentrifugation . | NA | {
"id": "C0023779",
"name": "lipids",
"pos": [
49,
55
]
} | {
"id": "C0023820",
"name": "lipoproteins",
"pos": [
158,
170
]
} |
the total concentration of the mixed lipoprotein population ( i.e. , low density lipoproteins , lp ( a ) , and high density lipoprotein ( hdl ) -like particles ) in the d 1.015-1.065 g/ml interval decreased by almost 50 % from january to february ( from 164.3 to 89.2 mg/100 ml ) , i.e. , following a 10-fold increase in... | NA | {
"id": "C0023820",
"name": "lipoprotein",
"pos": [
37,
48
]
} | {
"id": "C0065058",
"name": "lp ( a",
"pos": [
96,
102
]
} |
the concentration of lipoproteins with d 1.065-1.162 g/ml , which included lp ( a ) particles in addition to typical hdl , equally underwent seasonal variations . | NA | {
"id": "C0023820",
"name": "lipoproteins",
"pos": [
21,
33
]
} | {
"id": "C0065058",
"name": "lp ( a",
"pos": [
75,
81
]
} |
characterization of the hepatic cholesterol esterase revealed that the hepatic enzyme shared antigenic epitopes with the pancreatic cholesterol esterase and was similarly activated by addition of bile salt such as taurocholate . | NA | {
"id": "C0003320",
"name": "antigenic",
"pos": [
93,
102
]
} | {
"id": "C0003316",
"name": "epitopes",
"pos": [
103,
111
]
} |
the polarization of fluorescence of fitc covalently attached to the ca2+-atpase is low in the native sarcoplasmic reticulum due to energy transfer , consistent with the existence of atpase oligomers ( highsmith , s. and cohen , j.a . ( 1987 ) biochemistry 26 , 154-161 ) ; | NA | {
"id": "C0001476",
"name": "ca2",
"pos": [
68,
71
]
} | {
"id": "C0001473",
"name": "atpase",
"pos": [
182,
188
]
} |
myelin bodies have been isolated from the kidney cortex of gentamicin-treated rats ( 100 mg gentamicin sulfate/kg body weight i.p . twice daily for 3 days ) by a simple procedure involving differential centrifugation followed by equilibrium density centrifugation on a discontinuous sucrose gradient . | NA | {
"id": "C0017436",
"name": "gentamicin",
"pos": [
59,
69
]
} | {
"id": "C0546866",
"name": "gentamicin sulfate",
"pos": [
92,
110
]
} |
hplc measurements of gsh and gssg levels in isolated rat liver mitochondria , on addition of 1,2-dibromoethane ( dbe ) , revealed the presence of a glutathione ( gsh ) -conjugating pathway of dbe . | NA | {
"id": "C0061516",
"name": "gssg",
"pos": [
29,
33
]
} | {
"id": "C0017817",
"name": "gsh",
"pos": [
162,
165
]
} |
three trisaccharides , tetra- , penta- , hexa- and certain higher oligosaccharides were obtained from ovine colostrum as free forms . | NA | {
"id": "C0041102",
"name": "trisaccharides",
"pos": [
6,
20
]
} | {
"id": "C0028959",
"name": "oligosaccharides",
"pos": [
66,
82
]
} |
antipeptide antibodies raised against two distinct sequences of human serum amyloid a ( saa ) discriminate between different plasma isoforms of this acute phase reactant . | NA | {
"id": "C0002723",
"name": "serum",
"pos": [
70,
75
]
} | {
"id": "C0001347",
"name": "acute",
"pos": [
149,
154
]
} |
as different saa gene products have meanwhile been identified in human plasma , the discrimination between these different isoforms may help to clarify further the time of appearance of these different forms in plasma and their potential amyloidogenicity . | NA | {
"id": "C0033684",
"name": "gene products",
"pos": [
17,
30
]
} | {
"id": "C0597298",
"name": "isoforms",
"pos": [
123,
131
]
} |
periodate oxidation of western blots of oviductal fluid did not affect the binding of mab 1 or mab 2 , thus suggesting that these antibodies recognized protein rather than carbohydrate epitopes on sog . | NA | {
"id": "C0003250",
"name": "mab",
"pos": [
86,
89
]
} | {
"id": "C0003241",
"name": "antibodies",
"pos": [
130,
140
]
} |
the calcium-binding protein sparc is secreted by leydig and sertoli cells of the adult mouse testis . | NA | {
"id": "C0006732",
"name": "calcium-binding protein",
"pos": [
4,
27
]
} | {
"id": "C0029446",
"name": "sparc",
"pos": [
28,
33
]
} |
the control of electron transfer by the size and shape of the protein is investigated using a model which accounts for the distance of the heme from each of the surface atoms of the protein . | NA | {
"id": "C0033684",
"name": "protein",
"pos": [
62,
69
]
} | {
"id": "C0025252",
"name": "surface",
"pos": [
161,
168
]
} |
results are presented for the calcium atpase and a fractal dimension of 1.9 is estimated for atpase aggregates by assuming a lattice spacing of 50 a . | NA | {
"id": "C0001476",
"name": "calcium atpase",
"pos": [
30,
44
]
} | {
"id": "C0001473",
"name": "atpase",
"pos": [
93,
99
]
} |
needle puncture of the arteriovenous grafts over a 3 to 5 month period produced no complications such as thrombosis , perigraft hematoma formation or bleeding through the puncture site . | NA | {
"id": "C0018944",
"name": "hematoma",
"pos": [
128,
136
]
} | {
"id": "C0019080",
"name": "bleeding",
"pos": [
150,
158
]
} |
this difference in behaviour has been attributed to the difference in the side groups in the arginine and lysine pendants and is discussed in terms of the basicity of the amino acids , accessibility to the sites as a consequence of the flexibility or rigidity of the side group , and in terms of pi-pi electron interacti... | NA | {
"id": "C0003765",
"name": "arginine",
"pos": [
93,
101
]
} | {
"id": "C0301714",
"name": "basicity",
"pos": [
155,
163
]
} |
this difference in behaviour has been attributed to the difference in the side groups in the arginine and lysine pendants and is discussed in terms of the basicity of the amino acids , accessibility to the sites as a consequence of the flexibility or rigidity of the side group , and in terms of pi-pi electron interacti... | NA | {
"id": "C0024337",
"name": "lysine",
"pos": [
106,
112
]
} | {
"id": "C0301714",
"name": "basicity",
"pos": [
155,
163
]
} |
the gilles de la tourette syndrome is a movement disorder characterised by both motor and vocal ( phonic ) tics . | NA | {
"id": "C0026650",
"name": "movement disorder",
"pos": [
40,
57
]
} | {
"id": "C0040188",
"name": "tics",
"pos": [
107,
111
]
} |
muscle glycogen concentrations ranged from 2.2 to 15.3 mg/g , liver glycogen from 0.01 to 50.7 mg/g and phu in the ad from 5.51 t 6.76 . | NA | {
"id": "C0017911",
"name": "glycogen",
"pos": [
7,
15
]
} | {
"id": "C0023902",
"name": "liver glycogen",
"pos": [
62,
76
]
} |
muscle glycogen concentration was positively correlated with liver glycogen ( r = 0.27 , p less than 0.01 ) and negatively correlated with predicted fasting time ( r = -0.30 , p less than 0.001 ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0017911",
"name": "glycogen",
"pos": [
7,
15
]
} | {
"id": "C0023902",
"name": "liver",
"pos": [
61,
66
]
} |
these results suggest that this frequency-dependent epileptiform discharge , evoked in the dentate gyrus of epileptic patients , may be due to a small reduction in gabaa-mediated inhibition and may involve factors that lead to the initiation of seizures . | NA | {
"id": "C0014544",
"name": "epileptic",
"pos": [
108,
117
]
} | {
"id": "C0036572",
"name": "seizures",
"pos": [
245,
253
]
} |
solid grafts of dopamine-containing fetal mesencephalon were placed adjacent to the striatum of rats with 6-hydroxydopamine lesions of ascending dopaminergic projections . | NA | {
"id": "C0013030",
"name": "dopamine",
"pos": [
16,
24
]
} | {
"id": "C0282151",
"name": "dopaminergic",
"pos": [
145,
157
]
} |
regulation of [ 125i ] beta h-endorphin binding by guanine nucleotides was investigated in membrane preparations from two opioid receptor-containing cell lines : ng108-15 , which contains only delta opioid receptors , and sk-n-sh , which contains predominantly mu opioid receptors . | NA | {
"id": "C0034801",
"name": "opioid receptor",
"pos": [
122,
137
]
} | {
"id": "C0140057",
"name": "delta opioid receptors",
"pos": [
193,
215
]
} |
regulation of [ 125i ] beta h-endorphin binding by guanine nucleotides was investigated in membrane preparations from two opioid receptor-containing cell lines : ng108-15 , which contains only delta opioid receptors , and sk-n-sh , which contains predominantly mu opioid receptors . | NA | {
"id": "C0034801",
"name": "opioid receptor",
"pos": [
122,
137
]
} | {
"id": "C0066908",
"name": "mu opioid receptors",
"pos": [
261,
280
]
} |
in contrast to the binding of the delta-selective agonist [ 3h ] [ d-penicillamine2 , d-penicillamine5 ] enkephalin to ng108-15 cell membranes , and of the mu-selective agonist [ 3h ] [ d-ala2 , mephe4 , gly-ol5 ] enkephalin to sk-n-sh cell membranes , [ 125i ] beta h-endorphin binding to ng108-15 and sk-n-sh cell memb... | NA | {
"id": "C0018353",
"name": "guanosine triphosphate",
"pos": [
345,
367
]
} | {
"id": "C0018366",
"name": "gpp ( nh ) p",
"pos": [
410,
422
]
} |
the effect of gtp or gpp ( nh ) p in the presence of sodium was also observed with guanosine diphosphate , but not guanosine monophosphate or any of the non-guanine nucleotides tested . | NA | {
"id": "C0018353",
"name": "gtp",
"pos": [
14,
17
]
} | {
"id": "C0018366",
"name": "gpp ( nh ) p",
"pos": [
21,
33
]
} |
the effect of gtp or gpp ( nh ) p in the presence of sodium was also observed with guanosine diphosphate , but not guanosine monophosphate or any of the non-guanine nucleotides tested . | NA | {
"id": "C0018353",
"name": "gtp",
"pos": [
14,
17
]
} | {
"id": "C0018328",
"name": "guanine",
"pos": [
157,
164
]
} |
the effect of gtp or gpp ( nh ) p in the presence of sodium was also observed with guanosine diphosphate , but not guanosine monophosphate or any of the non-guanine nucleotides tested . | NA | {
"id": "C0018340",
"name": "guanosine diphosphate",
"pos": [
83,
104
]
} | {
"id": "C0018328",
"name": "guanine",
"pos": [
157,
164
]
} |
the effect of gtp or gpp ( nh ) p in the presence of sodium was also observed with guanosine diphosphate , but not guanosine monophosphate or any of the non-guanine nucleotides tested . | NA | {
"id": "C0018346",
"name": "guanosine monophosphate",
"pos": [
115,
138
]
} | {
"id": "C0018328",
"name": "guanine",
"pos": [
157,
164
]
} |
these results indicate that the presence of monovalent cations is required for regulation of [ 125i ] beta h-endorphin binding by guanine nucleotides , and that the specificity of this cation requirement differs between the mu and delta receptor-containing cell lines . | NA | {
"id": "C0007449",
"name": "monovalent",
"pos": [
44,
54
]
} | {
"id": "C0033727",
"name": "h",
"pos": [
221,
222
]
} |
these results indicate that the presence of monovalent cations is required for regulation of [ 125i ] beta h-endorphin binding by guanine nucleotides , and that the specificity of this cation requirement differs between the mu and delta receptor-containing cell lines . | NA | {
"id": "C0007449",
"name": "monovalent",
"pos": [
44,
54
]
} | {
"id": "C0007447",
"name": "cation",
"pos": [
185,
191
]
} |
these findings suggest that hepatic npy arises from the celiac ganglion and paravertebral sympathetic ganglia , and that it is involved in more complex physiological processes than the previously described neuropeptides in the liver , which are localized exclusively to hepatic vessel walls . | NA | {
"id": "C0027893",
"name": "npy",
"pos": [
36,
39
]
} | {
"id": "C0027895",
"name": "neuropeptides",
"pos": [
206,
219
]
} |
the methodology is relevant to the interpretation of electrochemical signals for dopamine and serotonin in vivo in neuroanatomical substrates , richly innervated by dopaminergic and serotonergic neuronal circuitry . | NA | {
"id": "C0013030",
"name": "dopamine",
"pos": [
81,
89
]
} | {
"id": "C0282151",
"name": "dopaminergic",
"pos": [
165,
177
]
} |
the dorsal column and its nuclei exhibit a considerable number of fibers containing neuropeptides , such as calcitonin gene-related peptide ( cgrp ) and substance p ( sp ) , whose origins and functional roles are as yet unknown . | NA | {
"id": "C0027895",
"name": "neuropeptides",
"pos": [
84,
97
]
} | {
"id": "C0006669",
"name": "calcitonin gene-related peptide",
"pos": [
108,
139
]
} |
these findings suggest that ( 1 ) the dopamine receptors mediating yawning and stereotypy have different anatomical locations ( 2 ) ageing is associated with decreased responsiveness to stimulation of dopamine autoreceptors , consequent upon the loss of dopaminergic nerve terminals , and ( 3 ) while the functional resp... | NA | {
"id": "C0034798",
"name": "dopamine",
"pos": [
38,
46
]
} | {
"id": "C0058698",
"name": "d2 receptors",
"pos": [
366,
378
]
} |
these findings suggest that ( 1 ) the dopamine receptors mediating yawning and stereotypy have different anatomical locations ( 2 ) ageing is associated with decreased responsiveness to stimulation of dopamine autoreceptors , consequent upon the loss of dopaminergic nerve terminals , and ( 3 ) while the functional resp... | NA | {
"id": "C0013030",
"name": "dopamine",
"pos": [
38,
46
]
} | {
"id": "C0282151",
"name": "dopaminergic",
"pos": [
254,
266
]
} |
a total of 3,404 cases of neural tube defects were recorded , among which there were 1,891 cases of anencephaly ( 55.6 % ) , 1,050 cases of spina bifida ( 30.9 % ) and 463 cases of encephalocele ( 13.6 % ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0027794",
"name": "neural tube defects",
"pos": [
26,
45
]
} | {
"id": "C0002902",
"name": "anencephaly",
"pos": [
100,
111
]
} |
the beta-hcg/hpl ratios were below 15 in 30/36 ( 83.3 % ) of the cases of hydatidiform mole and 4/16 ( 25.5 % ) of the cases of malignant trophoblastic disease . | NA | {
"id": "C0020217",
"name": "hydatidiform mole",
"pos": [
74,
91
]
} | {
"id": "C2931618",
"name": "trophoblastic disease",
"pos": [
138,
159
]
} |
phylogenetic distribution of enamel proteins : immunohistochemical localization with monoclonal antibodies indicates the evolutionary appearance of enamelins prior to amelogenins . | NA | {
"id": "C0011353",
"name": "enamel proteins",
"pos": [
29,
44
]
} | {
"id": "C0051560",
"name": "amelogenins",
"pos": [
167,
178
]
} |
all of the protein bands stained with both rhodamine b and alcian blue , the latter consistent with analytical determinations that demonstrated that the phosphoprotein component contained a significant amount of carbohydrate , including neuraminic acid . | NA | {
"id": "C0033684",
"name": "protein",
"pos": [
11,
18
]
} | {
"id": "C0031689",
"name": "phosphoprotein",
"pos": [
153,
167
]
} |
important areas of research include the actions of chemicals such as lymphokines , cytokines , complement , kinins , autacoids , drugs , and even neuropeptides on immune function . | NA | {
"id": "C0022714",
"name": "kinins",
"pos": [
108,
114
]
} | {
"id": "C0037343",
"name": "autacoids",
"pos": [
117,
126
]
} |
gs inhibited sarcolemmal ca2+-stimulated atpase ( ic50 = 3 microm ) , ca2+/mg2+ atpase which is activated by millimolar ca2+ or mg2+ ( ic50 = 3.4 microm ) , and sarcoplasmic reticulum ca2+-stimulated atpase ( ic50 = 6 microm ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0001476",
"name": "ca2",
"pos": [
25,
28
]
} | {
"id": "C0916181",
"name": "sarcoplasmic reticulum ca2",
"pos": [
161,
187
]
} |
other atpases , including mitochondrial atpase , sarcolemmal na+-k+ atpase , and myofibrillar atpase , were not inhibited by this agent . | NA | {
"id": "C0001479",
"name": "na",
"pos": [
61,
63
]
} | {
"id": "C0001473",
"name": "atpase",
"pos": [
94,
100
]
} |
during the experiments , all rats received an infusion of 0.35-0.60 m nahco3 , leading to urine bicarbonate concentrations in the order of 100-200 mm . | NA | {
"id": "C0074722",
"name": "nahco3",
"pos": [
70,
76
]
} | {
"id": "C0005367",
"name": "bicarbonate",
"pos": [
96,
107
]
} |
in another series , adx rats received supplements of the adrenal steroids corticosterone , aldosterone , and 18-hydroxycorticosterone 100 min before the experiment . | NA | {
"id": "C0010124",
"name": "corticosterone",
"pos": [
74,
88
]
} | {
"id": "C0000172",
"name": "18-hydroxycorticosterone",
"pos": [
109,
133
]
} |
sh rats , treated with the higher dose of tryptophan , also significantly reduced their urinary outputs of epinephrine and norepinephrine compared with sh controls , while both doses of tryptophan increased urinary outputs of dopamine significantly above that of sh controls . | NA | {
"id": "C0014563",
"name": "epinephrine",
"pos": [
107,
118
]
} | {
"id": "C0028351",
"name": "norepinephrine",
"pos": [
123,
137
]
} |
of the three proteins , globulin competed most effectively with surfactant during the adsorption process , and albumin competed the least effectively . | NA | {
"id": "C0033684",
"name": "proteins",
"pos": [
13,
21
]
} | {
"id": "C0017649",
"name": "globulin",
"pos": [
24,
32
]
} |
of the three proteins , globulin competed most effectively with surfactant during the adsorption process , and albumin competed the least effectively . | NA | {
"id": "C0033684",
"name": "proteins",
"pos": [
13,
21
]
} | {
"id": "C0001924",
"name": "albumin",
"pos": [
111,
118
]
} |
of the three proteins tested , albumin was least deleterious to surface refining whereas globulin and fibrinogen appeared to be about equally detrimental to the process . | NA | {
"id": "C0033684",
"name": "proteins",
"pos": [
13,
21
]
} | {
"id": "C0001924",
"name": "albumin",
"pos": [
31,
38
]
} |
of the three proteins tested , albumin was least deleterious to surface refining whereas globulin and fibrinogen appeared to be about equally detrimental to the process . | NA | {
"id": "C0033684",
"name": "proteins",
"pos": [
13,
21
]
} | {
"id": "C0017649",
"name": "globulin",
"pos": [
89,
97
]
} |
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