text stringlengths 57 1.72k | relation stringclasses 125
values | h dict | t dict |
|---|---|---|---|
these codons are read as serine or are used as stop codons in metazoan mitochondria . | NA | {
"id": "C0009221",
"name": "codons",
"pos": [
6,
12
]
} | {
"id": "C0242611",
"name": "stop codons",
"pos": [
47,
58
]
} |
protein toxins such as pseudomonas exotoxin , diphtheria toxin , and ricin may be useful in cancer therapy because they are among the most potent cell-killing agents . | NA | {
"id": "C0040549",
"name": "toxins",
"pos": [
8,
14
]
} | {
"id": "C0015309",
"name": "exotoxin",
"pos": [
35,
43
]
} |
subsequently , strains resistant to other antibiotics including tetracycline , sulfonamides , erythromycin , lincomycin , chloramphenicol , clindamycin , streptomycin , and rifampin have also been reported . | NA | {
"id": "C0023726",
"name": "lincomycin",
"pos": [
109,
119
]
} | {
"id": "C0008947",
"name": "clindamycin",
"pos": [
140,
151
]
} |
over 200 children with one of the following congenital malformations were imaged using magnetic resonance : dandy-walker malformations , chiari malformations , and cerebellar aplasia-hypoplasia malformations . | NA | {
"id": "C0010964",
"name": "dandy-walker malformations",
"pos": [
108,
134
]
} | {
"id": "C0007760",
"name": "cerebellar",
"pos": [
164,
174
]
} |
heavy metals , cadmium , lead , zinc , and mercury were elevated in the lungs of these animals . | NA | {
"id": "C0347988",
"name": "heavy metals",
"pos": [
0,
12
]
} | {
"id": "C0006632",
"name": "cadmium",
"pos": [
15,
22
]
} |
heavy metals , cadmium , lead , zinc , and mercury were elevated in the lungs of these animals . | NA | {
"id": "C0347988",
"name": "heavy metals",
"pos": [
0,
12
]
} | {
"id": "C0023175",
"name": "lead",
"pos": [
25,
29
]
} |
heavy metals , cadmium , lead , zinc , and mercury were elevated in the lungs of these animals . | NA | {
"id": "C0347988",
"name": "heavy metals",
"pos": [
0,
12
]
} | {
"id": "C0043481",
"name": "zinc",
"pos": [
32,
36
]
} |
heavy metals , cadmium , lead , zinc , and mercury were elevated in the lungs of these animals . | NA | {
"id": "C0347988",
"name": "heavy metals",
"pos": [
0,
12
]
} | {
"id": "C0025424",
"name": "mercury",
"pos": [
43,
50
]
} |
the tev genome codes for two proteinases , a 49-kilodalton proteinase and helper component proteinase ( hc-pro ) , which cleave the polyprotein at specific sites . | NA | {
"id": "C0030940",
"name": "proteinases",
"pos": [
29,
40
]
} | {
"id": "C0030946",
"name": "proteinase",
"pos": [
91,
101
]
} |
knowledge of these steps led to the establishment of the glycogenolytic cascade in which adenosine 3',5'-cyclic phosphate , formed as a result of hormone action , first activates the adenosine 3',5'-cyclic phosphate-dependent protein kinase , which in turn activates phosphorylase kinase , which then converts inactive p... | NA | {
"id": "C0033640",
"name": "protein kinase",
"pos": [
226,
240
]
} | {
"id": "C0031713",
"name": "phosphorylase kinase",
"pos": [
267,
287
]
} |
from this concept , we investigated the effect of laudanosine on the release of epinephrine and norepinephrine in dogs , anesthetized with halothane , nitrous oxide and oxygen . | NA | {
"id": "C0014563",
"name": "epinephrine",
"pos": [
80,
91
]
} | {
"id": "C0028351",
"name": "norepinephrine",
"pos": [
96,
110
]
} |
cmt is one of the hereditary motor and sensory neuropathies , and there may be no report in japan that epidural anesthesia was applied to a patient with cmt . | NA | {
"id": "C0027888",
"name": "hereditary motor and sensory neuropathies",
"pos": [
18,
59
]
} | {
"id": "C0007959",
"name": "cmt",
"pos": [
153,
156
]
} |
in february , 1987 , a 50-year-old male , showing sights of delirium , disorientation , and irritability was admitted to the hospital . | NA | {
"id": "C0011206",
"name": "delirium",
"pos": [
60,
68
]
} | {
"id": "C0009676",
"name": "disorientation",
"pos": [
71,
85
]
} |
on the other hand , dna histograms of the nuclei of gallbladder epithelial cells produced by fluorocytometry in 4 patients revealed a high incidence of polyploid dna in 2 patients with marked hypertrophic changes . | NA | {
"id": "C0012854",
"name": "dna",
"pos": [
20,
23
]
} | {
"id": "C0000702",
"name": "a",
"pos": [
207,
208
]
} |
in this experiment , we examined the effects of calcitriol , 25-hydroxyvitamin d3 ( 25 ( oh ) d3 ) and 24,25-dihydroxyvitamin d3 ( 24,25 ( oh ) 2d3 ) on the mcr of calcitriol in renal failure produced in rats by partial nephrectomy . | NA | {
"id": "C0006657",
"name": "25-hydroxyvitamin d3",
"pos": [
61,
81
]
} | {
"id": "C2713074",
"name": "25 ( oh ) d3",
"pos": [
84,
96
]
} |
in children with peripheral primitive neuroectodermal tumors ( pnet ) and neuroblastoma ( nbl ) we gained only 1.20 x 10 ( 4 ) cfu-gm/kg ( range 0.09-2.24 ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0684337",
"name": "peripheral primitive neuroectodermal tumors",
"pos": [
17,
60
]
} | {
"id": "C0027819",
"name": "neuroblastoma",
"pos": [
74,
87
]
} |
a pathomorphological study included hearts of 52 patients who died of various forms of cardiomyopathy , 10 hearts of subjects who died of chance causes ( control ) and 30 hearts in 3 groups of comparison for revealing changes in the interventricular septum in the dilatation , hypertrophic and restrictive forms of cardi... | NA | {
"id": "C0878544",
"name": "cardiomyopathy",
"pos": [
87,
101
]
} | {
"id": "C0007196",
"name": "restrictive",
"pos": [
294,
305
]
} |
the results of the study of depressor ( pge+a ) and pressor ( pgf2 alpha ) prostaglandins in the blood plasma and of pge2 and pgf2 alpha excretion in the urine of 52 patients with an acute stage of itsenko-cushing disease are presented . | NA | {
"id": "C0033559",
"name": "pge",
"pos": [
40,
43
]
} | {
"id": "C0033554",
"name": "prostaglandins",
"pos": [
75,
89
]
} |
the results of the study of depressor ( pge+a ) and pressor ( pgf2 alpha ) prostaglandins in the blood plasma and of pge2 and pgf2 alpha excretion in the urine of 52 patients with an acute stage of itsenko-cushing disease are presented . | NA | {
"id": "C0033559",
"name": "pge",
"pos": [
40,
43
]
} | {
"id": "C0012472",
"name": "pge2",
"pos": [
117,
121
]
} |
among 21 , 153 blood specimens analyzed during 1986 , 77 contained ethanol as well as other volatile agents at the following mean concentrations : ethanol 2090 mg/l ( range 830-3410 ) , methanol 49.6 mg/l ( range 20-178 ) , acetone 88.3 mg/l ( range 12-307 ) , 2-propanol 32.2 mg/l ( range 4-99 ) , 2-butanone 49.2 mg/l ... | NA | {
"id": "C0001962",
"name": "ethanol",
"pos": [
67,
74
]
} | {
"id": "C0001963",
"name": "methanol",
"pos": [
186,
194
]
} |
among 21 , 153 blood specimens analyzed during 1986 , 77 contained ethanol as well as other volatile agents at the following mean concentrations : ethanol 2090 mg/l ( range 830-3410 ) , methanol 49.6 mg/l ( range 20-178 ) , acetone 88.3 mg/l ( range 12-307 ) , 2-propanol 32.2 mg/l ( range 4-99 ) , 2-butanone 49.2 mg/l ... | NA | {
"id": "C0001962",
"name": "ethanol",
"pos": [
67,
74
]
} | {
"id": "C0022237",
"name": "2-propanol",
"pos": [
261,
271
]
} |
the total amount of delta 1-thc metabolites and the levels of delta 1-thc-7-oic acid could be followed up to 25 days after abstinence using emit d.a.u . cannabinoid assay and high-performance liquid chromatography ( hplc ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0039663",
"name": "delta 1-thc",
"pos": [
20,
31
]
} | {
"id": "C0006864",
"name": "cannabinoid",
"pos": [
153,
164
]
} |
lack of interference by nabilone in the emit d.a.u . cannabinoid assay , abbott tdx cannabinoid assay , and a sensitive tlc assay for delta 9-thc-carboxylic acid . | NA | {
"id": "C0068333",
"name": "emit",
"pos": [
40,
44
]
} | {
"id": "C0039663",
"name": "thc",
"pos": [
142,
145
]
} |
lack of interference by nabilone in the emit d.a.u . cannabinoid assay , abbott tdx cannabinoid assay , and a sensitive tlc assay for delta 9-thc-carboxylic acid . | NA | {
"id": "C0006864",
"name": "cannabinoid",
"pos": [
53,
64
]
} | {
"id": "C0039663",
"name": "thc",
"pos": [
142,
145
]
} |
the two children in the present study are compared to a group of normal children in the single-word stage of language acquisition with a mean age of 14.8 months , a group of single-word stage children who are 6-18 months delayed , and a group of older normal children with a mean age of 23.5 months . | NA | {
"id": "C0008059",
"name": "children",
"pos": [
8,
16
]
} | {
"id": "C1455726",
"name": "older",
"pos": [
246,
251
]
} |
interaction of [ 3h ] 4-hydroxytamoxifen-charged estrogen receptor [ ( 3h ] aer ) with nuclei was compared to that of [ 3h ] 17 beta-estradiol-charged estrogen receptor [ ( 3h ] er ) in vitro . | NA | {
"id": "C0034804",
"name": "estrogen receptor",
"pos": [
49,
66
]
} | {
"id": "C0034803",
"name": "17 beta-estradiol",
"pos": [
125,
142
]
} |
although the aromatase complex in these cells appears to be similar to that of other human cells , the regulation of aromatase by glucocorticoids in cultured human skin fibroblasts is unique . | NA | {
"id": "C0007634",
"name": "the",
"pos": [
9,
12
]
} | {
"id": "C0016030",
"name": "fibroblasts",
"pos": [
169,
180
]
} |
we examined aromatase activity in microsomal-enriched fractions of cultured human skin fibroblasts in order to characterize better the factors that regulate the aromatase in these cells . | NA | {
"id": "C0016030",
"name": "fibroblasts",
"pos": [
87,
98
]
} | {
"id": "C0007634",
"name": "the",
"pos": [
174,
177
]
} |
the vitamin d3 metabolite obtained from the incubation of 3- [ ( cholamidopropyl ) dimethylammonio ] -2-hydroxy-1-propanesulfonate ( chapso ) -solubilized chick kidney mitochondria with 25-hydroxyvitamin d3 ( 25-oh-d3 ) was identified to be 5 ( e ) -19-nor-10-oxo-25-hydroxyvitamin d3 ( 5 ( e ) -19-nor ) . | NA | {
"id": "C2713074",
"name": "25-oh-d3",
"pos": [
209,
217
]
} | {
"id": "C0006657",
"name": "25-hydroxyvitamin d3",
"pos": [
264,
284
]
} |
the high affinity ( type i ) estrogen binding sites saturated at 2-4 nm of [ 3h ] e2 and had a capacity of 170 fmol/mg dna in the cytosol and 400 fmol/mg dna in the nuclei . | NA | {
"id": "C0000702",
"name": "a",
"pos": [
9,
10
]
} | {
"id": "C0012854",
"name": "dna",
"pos": [
154,
157
]
} |
the moderate affinity ( type ii ) estrogen binding sites saturated at 15-30 nm of [ 3h ] e2 and had a capacity of 850 fmol/mg dna in the cytosol and 1600 fmol/mg dna in the nuclei . | NA | {
"id": "C0000702",
"name": "a",
"pos": [
9,
10
]
} | {
"id": "C0012854",
"name": "dna",
"pos": [
162,
165
]
} |
infarct sizes were similar in the two groups , but the ischemia-related increase in heart rate was attenuated ( p less than 0.05 ) by alinidine and the onset of ischemia tended to be delayed . | NA | {
"id": "C0021308",
"name": "infarct",
"pos": [
0,
7
]
} | {
"id": "C0022116",
"name": "ischemia",
"pos": [
161,
169
]
} |
the biological activity of this factor can be blocked by anti-il-1 alpha , but not by anti-il-1 beta which neutralizes bacterial induced il-1 activity . | NA | {
"id": "C0600251",
"name": "il-1 alpha",
"pos": [
62,
72
]
} | {
"id": "C0021755",
"name": "il-1",
"pos": [
137,
141
]
} |
the 92 kd protein was the most highly modulated phosphoprotein identified , with increases in phosphorylation greater than 18 fold after 20 min of stimulation . | NA | {
"id": "C0033684",
"name": "protein",
"pos": [
10,
17
]
} | {
"id": "C0031689",
"name": "phosphoprotein",
"pos": [
48,
62
]
} |
partial structures of lipid a lacking nonhydroxylated fatty acids were inactive , but in combination with lps or lipid a exhibited time-dependent synergistic or antagonistic effects . | NA | {
"id": "C0023810",
"name": "lps",
"pos": [
106,
109
]
} | {
"id": "C0023767",
"name": "lipid a",
"pos": [
113,
120
]
} |
after hybridization , sulphone groups were targeted with a monoclonal antibody , and bound antibody was visualized by the alkaline phosphatase anti-alkaline phosphatase ( apaap ) method . | NA | {
"id": "C0003250",
"name": "monoclonal antibody",
"pos": [
59,
78
]
} | {
"id": "C0003241",
"name": "antibody",
"pos": [
91,
99
]
} |
we compared the capacity of ec and smc to produce interleukin 6 ( il6 ) in response to lps or its lipid a moiety . | NA | {
"id": "C0023810",
"name": "lps",
"pos": [
87,
90
]
} | {
"id": "C0023767",
"name": "lipid a",
"pos": [
98,
105
]
} |
methyl-branched fatty acids , which are usually minor components ( equal or less than 0.1 % ) in fish oils , were concentrated in the non-urea-complexing fraction along with polyunsaturated fatty acids during the enrichment of omega-3 fatty acids from certain fish oils via the urea complexation process . | NA | {
"id": "C0015689",
"name": "polyunsaturated fatty acids",
"pos": [
174,
201
]
} | {
"id": "C0016157",
"name": "fish oils",
"pos": [
260,
269
]
} |
in all dietary groups , shr , as compared to wky , had a relatively higher level of the 2 series prostaglandin ( pg ) precursor , 20:4n-6 , and a relatively lower level of the 1 and 3 series pg precursors , 20:3n-6 and 20:5n-3 . | NA | {
"id": "C0033555",
"name": "a",
"pos": [
3,
4
]
} | {
"id": "C0033554",
"name": "pg",
"pos": [
191,
193
]
} |
the effect of the antioxidant activity of beta-carotene and related carotenoids on the free radical-oxidation of methyl linoleate in solution was examined by measuring the production of methyl linoleate hydroperoxides . | NA | {
"id": "C0053396",
"name": "beta-carotene",
"pos": [
42,
55
]
} | {
"id": "C0007271",
"name": "carotenoids",
"pos": [
68,
79
]
} |
an average of 87.6 % of the bound-lithocholic acid was present in the lipoprotein-free , albumin-rich fraction , 7.2 % in high density lipoproteins , 2.2 % in low density lipoproteins , 1.0 % in intermediate density lipoproteins and 2.0 % in very low density lipoproteins . | NA | {
"id": "C0023820",
"name": "lipoprotein",
"pos": [
70,
81
]
} | {
"id": "C0065063",
"name": "intermediate density",
"pos": [
195,
215
]
} |
an average of 87.6 % of the bound-lithocholic acid was present in the lipoprotein-free , albumin-rich fraction , 7.2 % in high density lipoproteins , 2.2 % in low density lipoproteins , 1.0 % in intermediate density lipoproteins and 2.0 % in very low density lipoproteins . | NA | {
"id": "C0023820",
"name": "lipoprotein",
"pos": [
70,
81
]
} | {
"id": "C0023825",
"name": "very low density lipoproteins",
"pos": [
242,
271
]
} |
because of the high sensitivity ( less than 0.1 microgram/ml of immunoglobulin can be detected in cell culture medium ) no treatment of the hybridoma supernatant sample is required prior to assay , and the isotype of a mouse immunoglobulin can be determined in about thirty minutes . | NA | {
"id": "C0021017",
"name": "isotype",
"pos": [
206,
213
]
} | {
"id": "C0020835",
"name": "a",
"pos": [
261,
262
]
} |
two-dimensional 1h-1h cosy spectra have been used for the direct assignment of resonances on living tissue ( lactate , gaba , n-acetyl aspartate , aspartate , glutamine/glutamate , creatine/phosphocreatine , taurine , inositol , choline/ethanolamine ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0010286",
"name": "creatine",
"pos": [
181,
189
]
} | {
"id": "C0031634",
"name": "phosphocreatine",
"pos": [
190,
205
]
} |
lactate , carnosine , and creatine/phosphocreatine cross peaks have been assigned in the spectrum of summer frog muscle . | NA | {
"id": "C0010286",
"name": "creatine",
"pos": [
26,
34
]
} | {
"id": "C0031634",
"name": "phosphocreatine",
"pos": [
35,
50
]
} |
the effects on dna , in bacteria , of 7-methoxy-2-nitro-naphtho [ 2,1-b ] furan ( r7000 ) , a very potent genotoxic product from the 2-nitronaphthofuran series , were investigated with two different approaches : ( i ) measurement of the binding of the radiolabelled mutagen to dna and ( ii ) detection by the '32p-postla... | NA | {
"id": "C0012854",
"name": "dna",
"pos": [
15,
18
]
} | {
"id": "C0242958",
"name": "dna adducts",
"pos": [
340,
351
]
} |
radiosensitive fibroblasts from patients with ataxia telangiectasia ( at ) were studied for their proficiency in two putative eukaryotic sos-like responses , namely the enhanced reactivation ( er ) and enhanced mutagenesis of damaged viruses infecting pre-irradiated versus mock-treated cells . | NA | {
"id": "C0016030",
"name": "fibroblasts",
"pos": [
15,
26
]
} | {
"id": "C0007634",
"name": "cells",
"pos": [
287,
292
]
} |
in the present study , at5biva fibroblasts were also distinguished from normal cells by the inability of the former to achieve enhanced mutagenesis of damaged h-1 virus upon cell uv-irradiation . | NA | {
"id": "C0016030",
"name": "fibroblasts",
"pos": [
31,
42
]
} | {
"id": "C0007634",
"name": "cell",
"pos": [
174,
178
]
} |
however , when h4 cells were co-cultured with v79 chinese hamster cells , which are incapable of activating ndma , exposure to the nitrosamine ( 5-40 mm ) caused a concentration-dependent increase in the frequency of tg-resistant v79 cells ; | NA | {
"id": "C0012431",
"name": "ndma",
"pos": [
108,
112
]
} | {
"id": "C0028197",
"name": "nitrosamine",
"pos": [
131,
142
]
} |
in these systems ( becker et al. , 1987 ; simons and virta , 1987 ) , a viral membrane glycoprotein protein ( vesicular stomatitis virus g protein ) is used as the marker protein . | NA | {
"id": "C0042736",
"name": "viral",
"pos": [
72,
77
]
} | {
"id": "C0033684",
"name": "protein",
"pos": [
171,
178
]
} |
failure to correlate ampicillin and amoxicillin resistance by standard disk susceptibility tests and minimal inhibitory concentration in haemophilus species . | NA | {
"id": "C0002680",
"name": "ampicillin",
"pos": [
21,
31
]
} | {
"id": "C0002645",
"name": "amoxicillin",
"pos": [
36,
47
]
} |
22 haemophilus strains , isolated from lower respiratory tract infections , were tested for their susceptibility to ampicillin and amoxicillin using both mic and kirby bauer methods . | NA | {
"id": "C0002680",
"name": "ampicillin",
"pos": [
116,
126
]
} | {
"id": "C0002645",
"name": "amoxicillin",
"pos": [
131,
142
]
} |
ampicillin and amoxicillin resistance tested with mic method was not exactly correlated with kirby bauer standard ( 10 mcg ampicillin and 25 mcg amoxicillin disks ) inhibition zones method ( error rate : 52.6 % ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0002680",
"name": "ampicillin",
"pos": [
0,
10
]
} | {
"id": "C0002645",
"name": "amoxicillin",
"pos": [
145,
156
]
} |
yet using a 2 mcg ampicillin and 5 mcg amoxicillin handmade disk , error range decreased to 14.8 % . | NA | {
"id": "C0002680",
"name": "ampicillin",
"pos": [
18,
28
]
} | {
"id": "C0002645",
"name": "amoxicillin",
"pos": [
39,
50
]
} |
immunoelectron microscopical evidence that type v collagen is a fibrillar collagen : importance for an aggregating capability of the preparation for reconstituting banding fibrils . | NA | {
"id": "C0009335",
"name": "type v collagen",
"pos": [
43,
58
]
} | {
"id": "C0969669",
"name": "fibrillar",
"pos": [
64,
73
]
} |
literary data and antiplague institutions ' reports demonstrate that norway rats carry over 24 nosological forms and groups of infectious diseases : plague , tularemia , pseudotuberculosis , intestinal yersiniosis , salmonellosis , erysipeloid , listeriosis , leptospirosis , pasteurellosis , brucellosis , dysentery , p... | NA | {
"id": "C0032064",
"name": "plague",
"pos": [
22,
28
]
} | {
"id": "C0043407",
"name": "yersiniosis",
"pos": [
202,
213
]
} |
literary data and antiplague institutions ' reports demonstrate that norway rats carry over 24 nosological forms and groups of infectious diseases : plague , tularemia , pseudotuberculosis , intestinal yersiniosis , salmonellosis , erysipeloid , listeriosis , leptospirosis , pasteurellosis , brucellosis , dysentery , p... | NA | {
"id": "C0043410",
"name": "pseudotuberculosis",
"pos": [
170,
188
]
} | {
"id": "C0043407",
"name": "yersiniosis",
"pos": [
202,
213
]
} |
vibrio cholerae strains of the 01 serotype have been classified into three subclasses , ogawa , inaba and hikojima , which are associated with the o-antigen of the lipopolysaccharide ( lps ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0069180",
"name": "o-antigen",
"pos": [
147,
156
]
} | {
"id": "C0023810",
"name": "lipopolysaccharide",
"pos": [
164,
182
]
} |
studies using purified mammalian dna topoisomerase ii have shown that amonafide and its structural analogs interfere with the breakage-rejoining reaction of the enzyme by stabilizing a reversible enzyme-dna `` '' cleavable complex . '' '' | NA | {
"id": "C0014442",
"name": "enzyme",
"pos": [
161,
167
]
} | {
"id": "C0026741",
"name": "enzyme",
"pos": [
196,
202
]
} |
n-alkanols ( methanol , ethanol , propanol , butanol , pentanol , and hexanol ) , benzyl alcohol ( 10-100 mm ) , and diethyl ether ( 30-300 mm ) released calcium from brain microsomes and decreased the surface and interior membrane order of microsomal membranes . | NA | {
"id": "C0001963",
"name": "methanol",
"pos": [
13,
21
]
} | {
"id": "C0001962",
"name": "ethanol",
"pos": [
24,
31
]
} |
reperfusion of isolated rabbit heart after 60 min of ischaemia resulted in poor recovery of mechanical function , release of reduced ( gsh ) and oxidized glutathione ( gssg ) , reduction of tissue gsh/gssg ratio and shift of cellular thiol redox state toward oxidation , suggesting the occurrence of oxidative stress . | NA | {
"id": "C0017817",
"name": "gsh",
"pos": [
135,
138
]
} | {
"id": "C0061516",
"name": "gssg",
"pos": [
201,
205
]
} |
pretreatment of the isolated heart with propionyl-l-carnitine ( 10 ( -7 ) m ) improved the functional recovery of the myocardium , reduced gsh and gssg release and attenuated the accumulation of tissue gssg . | NA | {
"id": "C0017817",
"name": "gsh",
"pos": [
139,
142
]
} | {
"id": "C0061516",
"name": "gssg",
"pos": [
202,
206
]
} |
role of phospholipases in myocardial ischemia : effect of cardioprotective agents on the phospholipases a of heart cytosol and sarcoplasmic reticulum in vitro . | NA | {
"id": "C0031671",
"name": "phospholipases",
"pos": [
8,
22
]
} | {
"id": "C0031672",
"name": "phospholipases a",
"pos": [
89,
105
]
} |
regulation of human and murine complement : comparison of 5 ' structural and functional elements regulating human and murine complement factor b gene expression . | NA | {
"id": "C0009498",
"name": "complement",
"pos": [
31,
41
]
} | {
"id": "C0033453",
"name": "complement factor b",
"pos": [
125,
144
]
} |
the ' r'-site specific analogs of adenosine such as n-ethylcarboxamide adenosine ( neca ) , l-n6-phenylisopropyl adenosine ( pia ) , 2-chloro-adenosine ( 2-cl-ado ) all stimulated acth release in a dose-dependent manner . | NA | {
"id": "C0001443",
"name": "adenosine",
"pos": [
34,
43
]
} | {
"id": "C0000275",
"name": "2-chloro-adenosine",
"pos": [
133,
151
]
} |
circular single-stranded dna carrying the met2 gene and double-stranded dna linearized by cutting within the met2 gene both transformed protoplasts of a met2 mutant strain of a. immersus to prototrophy . | NA | {
"id": "C0012935",
"name": "single-stranded dna",
"pos": [
9,
28
]
} | {
"id": "C0012854",
"name": "double-stranded dna",
"pos": [
56,
75
]
} |
the turnover of the colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor ( csf-1r ) , the c-fms proto-oncogene product , is accelerated by ligand binding or by activators of protein kinase c ( pkc ) , such as the phorbol ester 12-o-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate ( tpa ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0031586",
"name": "phorbol ester",
"pos": [
197,
210
]
} | {
"id": "C0039654",
"name": "12-o-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate",
"pos": [
211,
247
]
} |
we conclude that ssc1p is a mitochondrial protein and that hsp70 proteins perform functions in many compartments of the cell . | NA | {
"id": "C0949610",
"name": "mitochondrial protein",
"pos": [
28,
49
]
} | {
"id": "C0033684",
"name": "proteins",
"pos": [
65,
73
]
} |
two possible resolutions are considered : ( i ) the composite versions are actually made up of two independent elements , one of the retrotransposon class , which has a high degree of specificity for insertion into a target within the other , p-like element ; | NA | {
"id": "C0013879",
"name": "elements",
"pos": [
111,
119
]
} | {
"id": "C0031705",
"name": "p",
"pos": [
243,
244
]
} |
the transport of proteins into the nucleus requires not only the presence of a nuclear transport signal on the targeted protein but also the signal recognition proteins and the nuclear pore translocation apparatus . | NA | {
"id": "C0007292",
"name": "transport",
"pos": [
4,
13
]
} | {
"id": "C0033684",
"name": "proteins",
"pos": [
160,
168
]
} |
a comparison of the filler dna at these 49 nonimmune system rearrangements with 97 n regions derived from immune system rearrangements suggested that lymphoid and nonlymphoid cells use different mechanisms for insertion of filler dna , as expected from the absence of detectable terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase in ... | NA | {
"id": "C0000702",
"name": "a",
"pos": [
0,
1
]
} | {
"id": "C0012854",
"name": "dna",
"pos": [
230,
233
]
} |
however , the ar5 cells were unable to proliferate or form colonies at temperatures restrictive for large-t-antigen function ( 39 degrees c ) , demonstrating a continuous need for large t antigen even in immortalized human fibroblasts . | NA | {
"id": "C0007634",
"name": "cells",
"pos": [
18,
23
]
} | {
"id": "C0016030",
"name": "fibroblasts",
"pos": [
223,
234
]
} |
the putative sti1 protein , as identified by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis , migrated in the region of 73 to 75 kilodaltons as a series of four isoforms with different isoelectric points . | NA | {
"id": "C0033684",
"name": "protein",
"pos": [
18,
25
]
} | {
"id": "C0597298",
"name": "isoforms",
"pos": [
150,
158
]
} |
to test specifically the significance of the negatively charged phosphate moieties on these tyrosine residues , we have substituted the codons for both residues with codons for either glu or gln . | NA | {
"id": "C0061472",
"name": "glu",
"pos": [
184,
187
]
} | {
"id": "C0017797",
"name": "gln",
"pos": [
191,
194
]
} |
translational initiation factor expression and ribosomal protein gene expression are repressed coordinately but by different mechanisms in murine lymphosarcoma cells treated with glucocorticoids . | NA | {
"id": "C0030943",
"name": "translational initiation factor",
"pos": [
0,
31
]
} | {
"id": "C0035552",
"name": "ribosomal protein",
"pos": [
47,
64
]
} |
the two keratins specifically expressed in these cells are the type ii keratin k5 ( 58 kilodaltons ) and its corresponding partner , type i keratin k14 ( 50 kilodaltons ) , both of which are essential for the formation of 8-nm filaments . | NA | {
"id": "C0010803",
"name": "keratins",
"pos": [
8,
16
]
} | {
"id": "C1179973",
"name": "type ii keratin",
"pos": [
63,
78
]
} |
the two keratins specifically expressed in these cells are the type ii keratin k5 ( 58 kilodaltons ) and its corresponding partner , type i keratin k14 ( 50 kilodaltons ) , both of which are essential for the formation of 8-nm filaments . | NA | {
"id": "C0010803",
"name": "keratins",
"pos": [
8,
16
]
} | {
"id": "C1179970",
"name": "type i keratin",
"pos": [
133,
147
]
} |
when the k5 gene was transfected transiently into nih 3t3 fibroblasts , foreign expression of the gene caused the appearance of endogenous mouse k14 and the subsequent formation of a keratin filament array in the cells . | NA | {
"id": "C0016030",
"name": "fibroblasts",
"pos": [
58,
69
]
} | {
"id": "C0007634",
"name": "cells",
"pos": [
213,
218
]
} |
furthermore , the u5 snrnp could be immunoprecipitated through snrnp-snrnp interactions in the large u4/u5/u6 complex . | NA | {
"id": "C0147543",
"name": "u5 snrnp",
"pos": [
18,
26
]
} | {
"id": "C0142661",
"name": "snrnp",
"pos": [
69,
74
]
} |
consequently , of the more than 15 prominent phosphoproteins detected on immunoblots with phosphotyrosine-specific antibodies , pp130 and pp110 were selectively removed by src protein-specific immunoprecipitation , and their presence in the immunoprecipitates appears to have been due to a direct interaction with activa... | NA | {
"id": "C0031689",
"name": "phosphoproteins",
"pos": [
45,
60
]
} | {
"id": "C0033684",
"name": "protein",
"pos": [
343,
350
]
} |
the cup2 protein contains a cysteine-rich dna-binding domain dependent on cu+ and ag+ ions which bind the cysteine residues and direct the refolding of the metal-free apoprotein . | NA | {
"id": "C0033684",
"name": "protein",
"pos": [
9,
16
]
} | {
"id": "C0003601",
"name": "apoprotein",
"pos": [
167,
177
]
} |
insulin ( 2 x 10 ( -6 ) m ) , igf-i ( 1 x 10 ( -8 ) m ) , and pdgf ( 1 x 10 ( -9 ) m ) cause a 60-80 % increase in cell numbers over basal , but pdgf with insulin or igf causes a 40-150 % increase over basal . | NA | {
"id": "C0021665",
"name": "igf-i",
"pos": [
30,
35
]
} | {
"id": "C0037657",
"name": "igf",
"pos": [
166,
169
]
} |
insulin and igf-i exposure for 4 h , on the other hand , achieves 3h-thymidine incorporation that is only a 20-30 % of maximum ( with insulin or igf-i alone ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0037657",
"name": "igf",
"pos": [
12,
15
]
} | {
"id": "C0021665",
"name": "igf-i",
"pos": [
145,
150
]
} |
considering the rapid growth of the trophoblast during gestation , especially in the first and the second trimester , increased expression of the ldl receptor gene and subsequent translation are expected for efficient cholesterol uptake to provide a sufficient substrate for cell growth . | NA | {
"id": "C0032961",
"name": "gestation",
"pos": [
55,
64
]
} | {
"id": "C0032980",
"name": "second trimester",
"pos": [
99,
115
]
} |
furthermore , kinetics of the decay of c3 convertase showed the same half-life of 3.0 min at 30 degrees c . | NA | {
"id": "C0022702",
"name": "kinetics",
"pos": [
14,
22
]
} | {
"id": "C0018517",
"name": "half-life",
"pos": [
69,
78
]
} |
a cultured fibroblast subtype with growth and synthetic properties expected of cells residing in healing wounds and in inflammatory lesions binds the clq component of complement with a functional affinity much higher than that of the remaining cell population . | NA | {
"id": "C0016030",
"name": "fibroblast",
"pos": [
11,
21
]
} | {
"id": "C0007634",
"name": "cell",
"pos": [
244,
248
]
} |
only the fibroblast subtype with binding sites for the globular domain of clq appear to have the capacity to induce non-immune activation of the classical complement cascade , as assessed by the generation of c4a and c4d fragments in normal ab serum following exposure to the cells . | NA | {
"id": "C0016030",
"name": "fibroblast",
"pos": [
9,
19
]
} | {
"id": "C0007634",
"name": "cells",
"pos": [
276,
281
]
} |
if protease nexin i , a cellular serine protease inhibitor purified from human fibroblast-conditioned media , was added ( 0.2 microgram/ml ) with plasminogen , inhibition of matrix hydrolysis by 52 % occurred . | NA | {
"id": "C0007634",
"name": "cellular",
"pos": [
24,
32
]
} | {
"id": "C0016030",
"name": "fibroblast",
"pos": [
79,
89
]
} |
to characterize the natural history of transfusion-associated hiv infection , we studied 694 recipients of blood from 112 donors in whom aids later developed and from 31 donors later found to be positive for hiv antibody . | NA | {
"id": "C0019693",
"name": "hiv infection",
"pos": [
62,
75
]
} | {
"id": "C0001175",
"name": "aids",
"pos": [
137,
141
]
} |
in mitochondria , the changes of sense codons to termination codons or to codons encoding other amino acids have also been reported . | NA | {
"id": "C0242611",
"name": "termination codons",
"pos": [
49,
67
]
} | {
"id": "C0009221",
"name": "codons",
"pos": [
74,
80
]
} |
the crystal structure of the guanine-nucleotide-binding domain of p21 ( amino acids 1-166 ) complexed to the guanosine triphosphate analogue guanosine-5'- ( beta , gamma-imido ) triphosphate ( gppnp ) has been determined at a resolution of 2.6 a . | NA | {
"id": "C0018328",
"name": "guanine-nucleotide",
"pos": [
29,
47
]
} | {
"id": "C0018353",
"name": "guanosine triphosphate",
"pos": [
109,
131
]
} |
always have a sample of the main drinking water source ( usually home water ) analyzed for the fluoride content before prescribing a fluoride supplement , if you do not have other specific knowledge of water fluoride content . | NA | {
"id": "C0599638",
"name": "drinking water",
"pos": [
33,
47
]
} | {
"id": "C0043047",
"name": "water",
"pos": [
202,
207
]
} |
it is proposed , for both clinical and analytical reasons , that consideration be given to the discontinuation of urinary total protein estimation and that urinary albumin , supplemented where appropriate by other selected protein or enzyme measurements , be determined instead . | NA | {
"id": "C0001924",
"name": "albumin",
"pos": [
164,
171
]
} | {
"id": "C0033684",
"name": "protein",
"pos": [
223,
230
]
} |
inorganic sulfate is a divalent anion that forms a soluble ion-pair complex with serum calcium , but the extent to which infusions of sulfate salts may depress the concentration of ionized calcium has never been quantitated . | NA | {
"id": "C0038720",
"name": "inorganic sulfate",
"pos": [
0,
17
]
} | {
"id": "C0003075",
"name": "anion",
"pos": [
32,
37
]
} |
inorganic sulfate is a divalent anion that forms a soluble ion-pair complex with serum calcium , but the extent to which infusions of sulfate salts may depress the concentration of ionized calcium has never been quantitated . | NA | {
"id": "C0003075",
"name": "anion",
"pos": [
32,
37
]
} | {
"id": "C0022023",
"name": "ion",
"pos": [
181,
184
]
} |
[ 3h ] glutamate uptake into astrocytes in primary culture was potently inhibited by the aspartate analogues l- and d-aspartic acid , dl-threo-beta-hydroxy-aspartic acid-beta-hydroxymate ( ic50 's : 136 , 259 , 168 , and 560 microm , respectively ) and by beta-dl-methylene-aspartate , a suicide inhibitor of aspartate a... | NA | {
"id": "C0004015",
"name": "aspartic acid",
"pos": [
118,
131
]
} | {
"id": "C0949752",
"name": "beta",
"pos": [
256,
260
]
} |
endogenous catecholamines , epinephrine , norepinephrine , and dopamine , exhibited no detectable activity as substrates ( 500 microm ) compared to 500 microm p-nitrophenol as substrate ( 1.8 pmol/mg/min specific activity ) for the pst . | NA | {
"id": "C0014563",
"name": "epinephrine",
"pos": [
28,
39
]
} | {
"id": "C0028351",
"name": "norepinephrine",
"pos": [
42,
56
]
} |
in the cerebral cortex , the ratio of the specific radioactivity of microsomal rna to that of nuclear rna , determined by in vivo experiments , was not affected by the aging process . | NA | {
"id": "C0035668",
"name": "rna",
"pos": [
79,
82
]
} | {
"id": "C0035700",
"name": "nuclear rna",
"pos": [
94,
105
]
} |
moreover , densitometric and radioactivity patterns obtained by gel electrophoresis of labeled rna after in vitro experiments ( tissue slices of cerebral cortex ) showed a different ribosomal rna processing during aging . | NA | {
"id": "C0035668",
"name": "rna",
"pos": [
95,
98
]
} | {
"id": "C0035701",
"name": "ribosomal rna",
"pos": [
182,
195
]
} |
the earliest changes detectable within these areas of brain in the younger patients involved a fine diffuse deposition of amyloid ( a4 ) protein and a uniform granular accumulation of an oligosaccharide recognized by the lectin from canavalia ensiformis ( cona ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0033684",
"name": "protein",
"pos": [
137,
144
]
} | {
"id": "C0023206",
"name": "lectin",
"pos": [
221,
227
]
} |
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