text stringlengths 57 1.72k | relation stringclasses 125
values | h dict | t dict |
|---|---|---|---|
addition of membrane-permeant anions such as scn- and i- , but not addition of no3- , to incubation medium has been found to decrease markedly the lipid peroxidation of the mannitol-preloaded vesicles . | NA | {
"id": "C0003075",
"name": "anions",
"pos": [
30,
36
]
} | {
"id": "C0021966",
"name": "i",
"pos": [
195,
196
]
} |
to test the hypothesis that this effect might result from camp-dependent phosphorylation of a ca2+ channel-associated protein , [ 3h ] nitrendipine binding was used to probe the high-affinity 1,4-dihydropyridine site in either phosphorylated or dephosphorylated sarcolemmal vesicles . | NA | {
"id": "C0028127",
"name": "nitrendipine",
"pos": [
135,
147
]
} | {
"id": "C0012315",
"name": "dihydropyridine",
"pos": [
196,
211
]
} |
these data demonstrate that phosphorylation of sarcolemmal vesicles neither alters the binding affinity for [ 3h ] nitrendipine nor promotes an interconversion of dihydropyridine-binding sites from high to low affinity or vice versa . | NA | {
"id": "C0028127",
"name": "nitrendipine",
"pos": [
115,
127
]
} | {
"id": "C0012315",
"name": "dihydropyridine",
"pos": [
163,
178
]
} |
the cellular pc species appearing in the acceptor vesicles were enriched in unsaturated species and showed a low content of dipalmitoyl pc compared to untreated erythrocytes . | NA | {
"id": "C1959616",
"name": "pc",
"pos": [
13,
15
]
} | {
"id": "C0000039",
"name": "dipalmitoyl pc",
"pos": [
124,
138
]
} |
analysis of the membrane lipids demonstrates that calcium treatment decreases the arachidonic acid content of the polar lipid fraction and , thereby , reduces the double-bond index of the fatty acids . | NA | {
"id": "C0025249",
"name": "membrane lipids",
"pos": [
16,
31
]
} | {
"id": "C0023779",
"name": "lipid",
"pos": [
120,
125
]
} |
stimulation of ( ca2+ + mg2+ ) -atpase activity in human erythrocyte membranes by synthetic lysophosphatidic acids and lysophosphatidylcholines . | NA | {
"id": "C0024367",
"name": "lysophosphatidic acids",
"pos": [
92,
114
]
} | {
"id": "C0024360",
"name": "lysophosphatidylcholines",
"pos": [
119,
143
]
} |
synthetic lysophosphatidic acids and lysophosphatidylcholines were examined for their effects on the ( ca2+ + mg2+ ) -atpase of human erythrocyte membranes . | NA | {
"id": "C0024367",
"name": "lysophosphatidic acids",
"pos": [
10,
32
]
} | {
"id": "C0024360",
"name": "lysophosphatidylcholines",
"pos": [
37,
61
]
} |
on the other hand , unsaturated lysophosphatidylcholines had stimulatory activities comparable to the unsaturated lysophosphatidic acids . | NA | {
"id": "C0024360",
"name": "lysophosphatidylcholines",
"pos": [
32,
56
]
} | {
"id": "C0024367",
"name": "lysophosphatidic acids",
"pos": [
114,
136
]
} |
the stimulatory effects of lysophosphatidic acids or lysophosphatidylcholines were additive to that induced with calmodulin , suggesting that these lysophospholipids affect the ( ca2+ + mg2+ ) -atpase by a mechanism which is different from that seen with calmodulin . | NA | {
"id": "C0024360",
"name": "lysophosphatidylcholines",
"pos": [
53,
77
]
} | {
"id": "C0024367",
"name": "lysophospholipids",
"pos": [
148,
165
]
} |
the reaction of n-ethylmaleimide with chorismate mutase/prephenate dehydratase ( chorismate pyruvatemutase/prephenate hydrolyase ( decarboxylating ) ec 5.4.99.5/ec 4.2.1.51 ) from escherichia coli k12 , which leads to the preferential inactivation of the prephenate dehydratase activity ( gething , m-j.h . and davidson ... | NA | {
"id": "C0008514",
"name": "chorismate pyruvatemutase",
"pos": [
81,
106
]
} | {
"id": "C0033068",
"name": "prephenate hydrolyase",
"pos": [
107,
128
]
} |
arylsulfatase a ( aryl-sulfate sulfohydrolase , ec 3.1.6.1 ) was isolated from an ammonium sulfate precipitate of urinary proteins using two different affinity chromatography methods . | NA | {
"id": "C0007804",
"name": "arylsulfatase a",
"pos": [
0,
15
]
} | {
"id": "C0003940",
"name": "aryl-sulfate sulfohydrolase",
"pos": [
18,
45
]
} |
however , immunological cross-reactivity studies using rabbit anti-human urine arylsulfatase revealed immunological difference between the human urine and liver arylsulfatase a enzymes . | NA | {
"id": "C0003940",
"name": "arylsulfatase",
"pos": [
79,
92
]
} | {
"id": "C0007804",
"name": "arylsulfatase a",
"pos": [
161,
176
]
} |
rabbit antiserum was raised against porcine pancreatic colipase and fab fragments were prepared by papain digestion of purified antibodies followed by purification on protein a-sepharose . | NA | {
"id": "C0020960",
"name": "antiserum",
"pos": [
7,
16
]
} | {
"id": "C0003241",
"name": "antibodies",
"pos": [
128,
138
]
} |
fab fragments showed inactivation toward porcine colipase activity similar to that of antiserum and purified antibodies . | NA | {
"id": "C0020960",
"name": "antiserum",
"pos": [
86,
95
]
} | {
"id": "C0003241",
"name": "antibodies",
"pos": [
109,
119
]
} |
using the dansylation procedure , the mitochondrial isoenzyme was shown to have n-terminal alanine and the cytosolic form to have n-terminal glutamic acid or glutamine . | NA | {
"id": "C0061472",
"name": "glutamic acid",
"pos": [
141,
154
]
} | {
"id": "C0017797",
"name": "glutamine",
"pos": [
158,
167
]
} |
the fastest transition occurs within the mixing time of a stopped-flow instrument and converts the native high-spin ferric form of the enzyme to a low-spin form which may be the hydroxy complex of the enzyme . | NA | {
"id": "C0014442",
"name": "enzyme",
"pos": [
135,
141
]
} | {
"id": "C0026741",
"name": "complex",
"pos": [
186,
193
]
} |
even vitamin e esters such as the acetate and the pivalate could depress effectively the autoxidation of egg phosphatidylcholines in bilayer systems , which supported lucy 's proposal ( diplock , a.t. and lucy , j.a . ( 1973 ) febs lett . 29 , 205-210 ) about the importance of the side-chain of vitamin e as an antioxid... | NA | {
"id": "C0078373",
"name": "vitamin e",
"pos": [
5,
14
]
} | {
"id": "C0042874",
"name": "vitamin e",
"pos": [
296,
305
]
} |
the immunoreactivity in intestinal mucosal extracts was distributed among four major peaks , two of which were identified by hplc as somatostatin 1-28 and somatostatin 1-14 , respectively . | NA | {
"id": "C0074854",
"name": "somatostatin",
"pos": [
133,
145
]
} | {
"id": "C0037659",
"name": "somatostatin",
"pos": [
155,
167
]
} |
10 kda was resolved by ion exchange plus hplc into three components , two containing at least part of the somatostatin 1-14 sequence as well as ( part of ) the somatostatin 1-28 ( 1-14 ) sequence ( but differing in charge ) , the third containing only the 1-28 ( 1-14 ) sequence . | NA | {
"id": "C0037659",
"name": "somatostatin",
"pos": [
106,
118
]
} | {
"id": "C0074854",
"name": "somatostatin",
"pos": [
160,
172
]
} |
extracts from the antrum , the pancreas and from muscular tissues contained almost exclusively somatostatin 1-14 , and very little somatostatin 1-28 , indicating that the somatostatin precursor is processed differently at these sites . | NA | {
"id": "C0074854",
"name": "somatostatin",
"pos": [
95,
107
]
} | {
"id": "C0037659",
"name": "somatostatin",
"pos": [
171,
183
]
} |
however , the chondrocytes did not release significant amounts of plasminogen activator , and the effects of the synovial factor and retinoids resulted from augmentation of the production or activity of enzymes which remained bound to the cell layer . | NA | {
"id": "C0225369",
"name": "chondrocytes",
"pos": [
14,
26
]
} | {
"id": "C0007634",
"name": "cell",
"pos": [
239,
243
]
} |
when the isolated polymers were characterized by electrophoresis , a higher association of high-molecular-weight microtubule-associated proteins , particularly of the larger microtubule-associated protein , was found in the polymers assembled close to the critical concentration , while tau factor polypeptides are predo... | NA | {
"id": "C0026045",
"name": "microtubule-associated protein",
"pos": [
113,
143
]
} | {
"id": "C0085401",
"name": "tau factor",
"pos": [
287,
297
]
} |
forskolin and prostaglandin e2 showed a supraadditive effect on cyclic amp production in the cells and had an additive effect on alkaline phosphatase activity , whereas forskolin and dibutyryl cyclic amp had little additive effect on either cyclic amp production or enzyme activity . | NA | {
"id": "C0012054",
"name": "dibutyryl cyclic amp",
"pos": [
183,
203
]
} | {
"id": "C0001455",
"name": "cyclic amp",
"pos": [
241,
251
]
} |
molecular sieving experiments have shown that , when inactivated , the enzyme remained firmly bound to the phosphatidylglycerol vesicles , whereas the activated phosphatidylglycerol-enzyme complex was totally dissociable by dilution . | NA | {
"id": "C0014442",
"name": "enzyme",
"pos": [
71,
77
]
} | {
"id": "C0026741",
"name": "enzyme",
"pos": [
182,
188
]
} |
the separation of phosphocreatine from creatine , and ph determination in frog muscle by natural abundance 13c-nmr . | NA | {
"id": "C0031634",
"name": "phosphocreatine",
"pos": [
18,
33
]
} | {
"id": "C0010286",
"name": "creatine",
"pos": [
39,
47
]
} |
phosphocreatine can be separated from creatine in superfused frog muscle by natural abundance 13c-nmr , based on the difference in resonance frequency of their guanidino carbons . | NA | {
"id": "C0031634",
"name": "phosphocreatine",
"pos": [
0,
15
]
} | {
"id": "C0010286",
"name": "creatine",
"pos": [
38,
46
]
} |
after taking into account the longitudinal relaxation times and nuclear overhauser enhancement factors , the integrated peak areas of the guanidino carbons could be used for determination of the phosphocreatine-to-creatine ratio in the muscle . | NA | {
"id": "C0031634",
"name": "phosphocreatine",
"pos": [
195,
210
]
} | {
"id": "C0010286",
"name": "creatine",
"pos": [
214,
222
]
} |
supplementation of the cholesterol-rich diet with alpha-tocopherol effectively prevented dysfunction of the sr ca-pump and reduced the enhanced lpo level in sr membranes without having any effect on cholesterol content in blood serum and sr membranes . | NA | {
"id": "C0008395",
"name": "cholesterol",
"pos": [
23,
34
]
} | {
"id": "C0008377",
"name": "cholesterol",
"pos": [
199,
210
]
} |
these data provide a philosophically ideal niche for the acute phase ( and c-reactive protein ) in that a platelet-directed activity associated with this acute phase reactant is not utilized unless platelets are otherwise challenged . | NA | {
"id": "C0006560",
"name": "c-reactive protein",
"pos": [
75,
93
]
} | {
"id": "C0001347",
"name": "acute phase reactant",
"pos": [
154,
174
]
} |
when measured at suboptimal amounts of coagulation factors , the platelet activity in prothrombin and factor x activation is also more sensitive to phospholipase treatment . | NA | {
"id": "C0005789",
"name": "coagulation",
"pos": [
39,
50
]
} | {
"id": "C0015518",
"name": "factor x",
"pos": [
102,
110
]
} |
apc also decreased the t-pa inhibitor activity in endothelial cell-conditioned medium in the absence of cells , which suggests that the effect of apc is at least partly due to a direct effect of apc on the plasminogen activator-inhibitor . | NA | {
"id": "C0030190",
"name": "t-pa",
"pos": [
23,
27
]
} | {
"id": "C0032145",
"name": "plasminogen activator-inhibitor",
"pos": [
206,
237
]
} |
a qualitative defect of antithrombin iii ( at iii ) has been demonstrated over three generations in eight members of an italian family by the discrepancy between a normal amount of antigen and decreased antithrombin and anti-xa activity in the presence or in the absence of heparin . | NA | {
"id": "C0019139",
"name": "anti-xa",
"pos": [
220,
227
]
} | {
"id": "C0019134",
"name": "heparin",
"pos": [
274,
281
]
} |
5-ht contracted with a relative potency approximately equal to noradrenaline and adrenaline in arteries , but only one fifth to one tenth of the catecholamine activity in veins . | NA | {
"id": "C0028351",
"name": "noradrenaline",
"pos": [
63,
76
]
} | {
"id": "C0014563",
"name": "adrenaline",
"pos": [
81,
91
]
} |
at 10 ( -8 ) m , the 1-hour accumulation of 3h derived from 3h-a and 3h-na was 7.8 and 15.2 ml x g-1 , respectively . | NA | {
"id": "C0014563",
"name": "3h-a",
"pos": [
60,
64
]
} | {
"id": "C0028351",
"name": "3h-na",
"pos": [
69,
74
]
} |
at 10 ( -4 ) m , the accumulation was 2.3 and 2.8 ml x g-1 for 3h-a and 3h-na , respectively . | NA | {
"id": "C0014563",
"name": "3h-a",
"pos": [
63,
67
]
} | {
"id": "C0028351",
"name": "3h-na",
"pos": [
72,
77
]
} |
these results indicate that cultured vascular smc possess the ability to increase markedly their cellular camp level in response to beta-adrenergic stimulation , while fibroblasts are less responsive to the stimulation . | NA | {
"id": "C0007634",
"name": "cellular",
"pos": [
97,
105
]
} | {
"id": "C0016030",
"name": "fibroblasts",
"pos": [
168,
179
]
} |
the possibility of complications occurring from an incisional hernia does not appear to be discussed with patients although obstruction occurred in 14 per cent of our patients with troublesome hernia . | NA | {
"id": "C0267716",
"name": "incisional hernia",
"pos": [
51,
68
]
} | {
"id": "C0019270",
"name": "hernia",
"pos": [
193,
199
]
} |
this surprising failure of the plasma adrenaline concentration to increase during the stress of an acute attack of asthma was unexplained and contrasts with the pronounced rise in plasma adrenaline and noradrenaline concentrations in acute myocardial infarction , heart failure , and septicaemia . | NA | {
"id": "C0014563",
"name": "adrenaline",
"pos": [
38,
48
]
} | {
"id": "C0028351",
"name": "noradrenaline",
"pos": [
202,
215
]
} |
clinical and financial gains and losses accruing from five different options for screening for open neural tube defects were estimated , based principally on the results of detailed monitoring of inputs and outcomes and of process costs in the south wales anencephaly and spina bifida study . | NA | {
"id": "C0027794",
"name": "neural tube defects",
"pos": [
100,
119
]
} | {
"id": "C0002902",
"name": "anencephaly",
"pos": [
256,
267
]
} |
in 51 % of cases death was attributed to the direct toxic effects of the substance abused , in 21 % to plastic bag asphyxia , in 18 % to inhalation of stomach contents , and in 11 % to trauma . | NA | {
"id": "C0011065",
"name": "death",
"pos": [
17,
22
]
} | {
"id": "C0004044",
"name": "asphyxia",
"pos": [
115,
123
]
} |
in additional studies , k 562 chronic leukemia cells were somewhat more sensitive to lysis than rpmi-4788 by blood mononuclear cells , but there was no lysis of k 562 by mucosal populations that were cytotoxic for rpmi-4788 . | NA | {
"id": "C0007634",
"name": "cells",
"pos": [
47,
52
]
} | {
"id": "C1321301",
"name": "blood mononuclear",
"pos": [
109,
126
]
} |
patients with refractory anemia ( ra ) , ra with excess of blasts ( reab ) , ra with ring sideroblasts , and ra in transformation presented a 2-3-fold increase in sce frequency in the bone marrow cells . | NA | {
"id": "C0002894",
"name": "ra with excess",
"pos": [
41,
55
]
} | {
"id": "C0002893",
"name": "ra",
"pos": [
116,
118
]
} |
it was shown that anions such as acetate , phosphate , and pyrophosphate were able , in some conditions , to exchange with chloride to form acetato , phosphato , or pyrophosphato complexes . | NA | {
"id": "C0003075",
"name": "anions",
"pos": [
18,
24
]
} | {
"id": "C0031603",
"name": "phosphate",
"pos": [
63,
72
]
} |
it was shown that anions such as acetate , phosphate , and pyrophosphate were able , in some conditions , to exchange with chloride to form acetato , phosphato , or pyrophosphato complexes . | NA | {
"id": "C0003075",
"name": "anions",
"pos": [
18,
24
]
} | {
"id": "C0008203",
"name": "chloride",
"pos": [
123,
131
]
} |
combinations of two monoclonal antibodies were more effective than any single antibody in eliminating namalwa cells . | NA | {
"id": "C0003250",
"name": "monoclonal antibodies",
"pos": [
20,
41
]
} | {
"id": "C0003241",
"name": "antibody",
"pos": [
78,
86
]
} |
the marked hepatomegaly associated with administration of 3-bha and methyl-bha was characterized by elevations of total dna , rna , and protein content suggesting a combination of hypertrophy and hyperplasia . | NA | {
"id": "C0019209",
"name": "hepatomegaly",
"pos": [
11,
23
]
} | {
"id": "C0020564",
"name": "hypertrophy",
"pos": [
180,
191
]
} |
the s-9 fraction was obtained from animals fed a 15 % fat diet consisting of hydrogenated fats ( 43 % trans-fatty acids ) or unsaturated fats ( 0 % trans-fatty acids ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0015677",
"name": "fats",
"pos": [
90,
94
]
} | {
"id": "C0015678",
"name": "unsaturated fats",
"pos": [
125,
141
]
} |
we conclude that 12-hete , the product of platelet lipoxygenase , and 15-hete , a product of neutrophil and lymphocyte lipoxygenases , can inhibit human neuroblastoma cell growth in vitro and may play a role in the effect of cyclooxygenase inhibitors on tumor growth in vivo . | NA | {
"id": "C0023837",
"name": "lipoxygenase",
"pos": [
51,
63
]
} | {
"id": "C2936592",
"name": "lipoxygenases",
"pos": [
119,
132
]
} |
the destructive reaction was accompanied by increased formation of cytochrome p-420 , loss of microsomal heme content , and diminished catalytic activity of cytochrome p-450-dependent monooxygenases such as aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase and 7-ethoxycoumarin o-deethylase . | NA | {
"id": "C0003927",
"name": "aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase",
"pos": [
207,
235
]
} | {
"id": "C0000644",
"name": "7-ethoxycoumarin o-deethylase",
"pos": [
240,
269
]
} |
exposure of lymphocytes to tumor-promoting phorbol esters resulted in a rapid and specific increase in phosphorylation of the nuclear histone proteins h2b and h4 . | NA | {
"id": "C0028589",
"name": "nuclear",
"pos": [
126,
133
]
} | {
"id": "C0019652",
"name": "histone",
"pos": [
134,
141
]
} |
normal she cells , which are stably nontumorigenic when injected in nude mice , are competent to take up and express exogenous dna as demonstrated by transfection experiments with psv2-neo dna and certain viral dnas . | NA | {
"id": "C0012854",
"name": "dna",
"pos": [
127,
130
]
} | {
"id": "C0012939",
"name": "viral",
"pos": [
205,
210
]
} |
in contrast , transfection of the cells with polyoma virus dna alone or hamsv dna plus mc29 viral dna ( psvv-myc ) and then injection of the cells into nude mice resulted in progressively growing tumors of hamster origin within 3 to 5 weeks . | NA | {
"id": "C0012854",
"name": "dna",
"pos": [
59,
62
]
} | {
"id": "C0012939",
"name": "viral dna",
"pos": [
92,
101
]
} |
when cscl gradient equilibrium ultracentrifugation of the solubilized mucus was used , mov1-recognized antigens sedimented with a density of 1.45 g/ml , while the mov2-defined epitope was carried by molecules with a density of 1.52 g/ml as well as by molecules with a lower density . | NA | {
"id": "C0003320",
"name": "antigens",
"pos": [
103,
111
]
} | {
"id": "C0003316",
"name": "epitope",
"pos": [
176,
183
]
} |
attempts to enhance tag-72 expression in ls-174t cells by propagation on extracellular matrix proteins , such as collagen , laminin , and fibronectin , or in serum-containing or serum-free , hormone-supplemented medium proved unsuccessful . | NA | {
"id": "C0079323",
"name": "extracellular matrix",
"pos": [
73,
93
]
} | {
"id": "C0022984",
"name": "laminin",
"pos": [
124,
131
]
} |
attempts to enhance tag-72 expression in ls-174t cells by propagation on extracellular matrix proteins , such as collagen , laminin , and fibronectin , or in serum-containing or serum-free , hormone-supplemented medium proved unsuccessful . | NA | {
"id": "C0079323",
"name": "extracellular matrix",
"pos": [
73,
93
]
} | {
"id": "C0016055",
"name": "fibronectin",
"pos": [
138,
149
]
} |
previous studies have demonstrated both an elevated level of cellular myc-homologous rna in hl-60 cultures and a decrease in this messenger rna following the chemically induced differentiation of hl-60 cells . | NA | {
"id": "C0035668",
"name": "rna",
"pos": [
85,
88
]
} | {
"id": "C0035696",
"name": "messenger rna",
"pos": [
130,
143
]
} |
this study demonstrates , however , that these human lymphokine antitumor cell activities are biochemically separable from lymphotoxin and are properties of a lymphokine which was named leukoregulin because it is produced by lymphocytes and it regulates target cell physiology and growth . | NA | {
"id": "C0024320",
"name": "lymphotoxin",
"pos": [
123,
134
]
} | {
"id": "C0024297",
"name": "lymphokine",
"pos": [
159,
169
]
} |
the antiemetic efficacy of im levonantradol , a synthetic cannabinoid , given at a dose of 1 mg every 4 hours , was compared to oral delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol ( thc ) given at a dose of 15 mg every 4 hours in a double-blind crossover study . | NA | {
"id": "C0006864",
"name": "cannabinoid",
"pos": [
58,
69
]
} | {
"id": "C0039663",
"name": "delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol",
"pos": [
133,
161
]
} |
levonantradol appears to be at least as effective an antiemetic as thc and is the only cannabinoid available for parenteral use . | NA | {
"id": "C0039663",
"name": "thc",
"pos": [
67,
70
]
} | {
"id": "C0006864",
"name": "cannabinoid",
"pos": [
87,
98
]
} |
equilibrium and kinetic studies show that rec1 protein appears to have a strong z-dna binding site that binds z-dna 75 times tighter than the b form of the dna . | NA | {
"id": "C0043442",
"name": "z-dna",
"pos": [
80,
85
]
} | {
"id": "C0012854",
"name": "dna",
"pos": [
156,
159
]
} |
using cultured fibroblasts , we show that this is due to the ability of low concentrations of copper to induce metallothionein mrna synthesis in menkes ' but not normal cells . | NA | {
"id": "C0016030",
"name": "fibroblasts",
"pos": [
15,
26
]
} | {
"id": "C0007634",
"name": "normal cells",
"pos": [
162,
174
]
} |
the tetrahymena rrna intron self-splices in e. coli : in vivo evidence for the importance of key base-paired regions of rna for rna enzyme function . | NA | {
"id": "C0035701",
"name": "rrna",
"pos": [
16,
20
]
} | {
"id": "C0035668",
"name": "rna",
"pos": [
128,
131
]
} |
monoclonal antibodies specific for monomorphic determinants of mhc class ii antigens , as well as their f ( ab ' ) 2 fragments , consistently inhibited the spa-induced proliferative response , whereas antibodies specific for mhc class i antigens were without effect . | NA | {
"id": "C0003250",
"name": "monoclonal antibodies",
"pos": [
0,
21
]
} | {
"id": "C0003241",
"name": "antibodies",
"pos": [
201,
211
]
} |
the presence of specific binding sites for phorbol esters was demonstrated in various human fetal tissues by binding assays of [ 3h ] 12-o-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate ( tpa ) to particulate and cytosol fractions . | NA | {
"id": "C0031586",
"name": "phorbol esters",
"pos": [
43,
57
]
} | {
"id": "C0039654",
"name": "12-o-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate",
"pos": [
134,
170
]
} |
administration of [ 3h ] -5-azadeoxycytidine during the repair synthesis induced by 1,2-dmh further showed that 0.019 mol % of cytosine residues in dna were substituted by the analogue , indicating that incorporation of 5-azc occurs during repair synthesis . | NA | {
"id": "C0049065",
"name": "repair",
"pos": [
56,
62
]
} | {
"id": "C0004475",
"name": "azc",
"pos": [
222,
225
]
} |
high pressure liquid chromatographic analysis of the enzymatically hydrolyzed dna from liver and intestinal epithelium indicated the presence of two carcinogen-dna adducts : 5- ( deoxyguanosin-n2-yl ) -dmabp ( 15 % ) , n- ( deoxyguanosin-8-yl ) -dmabp ( 50 % ) , and a decomposition product of the latter ( 15 % ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0012854",
"name": "dna",
"pos": [
78,
81
]
} | {
"id": "C0242958",
"name": "carcinogen-dna adducts",
"pos": [
149,
171
]
} |
when measured after 7 days , all adducts in the intestinal dna had decreased by 70 % , while only a 29 % decrease had occurred in the hepatic dna . | NA | {
"id": "C0242958",
"name": "adducts",
"pos": [
33,
40
]
} | {
"id": "C0012854",
"name": "dna",
"pos": [
142,
145
]
} |
the biologically inactive fluorinated nitrosamines n-nitroso-bis ( 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl ) amine ( ndea-f6 ) and n-nitroso-bis- ( 2,2,3,3,4,4,4-heptafluorobutyl ) amine ( ndba-f14 ) were investigated for binding affinity to cytochrome p-450 and for ease of alkali-induced proton abstraction at the alpha-c atom , in compa... | NA | {
"id": "C0028197",
"name": "nitrosamines",
"pos": [
38,
50
]
} | {
"id": "C0012200",
"name": "ndea",
"pos": [
438,
442
]
} |
purified isoenzymes from human liver , intestine , and placenta were used , as was human serum , and the enzyme from porcine kidney . | NA | {
"id": "C0022173",
"name": "isoenzymes",
"pos": [
9,
19
]
} | {
"id": "C0014442",
"name": "enzyme",
"pos": [
105,
111
]
} |
the porcine kidney enzyme obeyed an arrhenius relationship that was slightly , but significantly , different from the isoenzymes of human origin . | NA | {
"id": "C0014442",
"name": "enzyme",
"pos": [
19,
25
]
} | {
"id": "C0022173",
"name": "isoenzymes",
"pos": [
118,
128
]
} |
the blood spot is washed briefly with alcohol ( ethanol or isopropanol ) to remove free glucose and dried before shipment to the laboratory . | NA | {
"id": "C0001962",
"name": "ethanol",
"pos": [
48,
55
]
} | {
"id": "C0022237",
"name": "isopropanol",
"pos": [
59,
70
]
} |
the cholesterol concentration after immunoprecipitation with anti-apo ai and anti-apo c correlated similarly well ( r = 0.94 , n = 145 ) with the ldl-cholesterol calculated by friedewald 's formula in serum specimens reflecting moderate hyperlipoproteinemia . | NA | {
"id": "C0008377",
"name": "cholesterol",
"pos": [
4,
15
]
} | {
"id": "C0023824",
"name": "ldl-cholesterol",
"pos": [
146,
161
]
} |
the phenylboronic acid method is adequately sensitive and specific for norepinephrine and epinephrine , and samples can be assayed faster . | NA | {
"id": "C0028351",
"name": "norepinephrine",
"pos": [
71,
85
]
} | {
"id": "C0014563",
"name": "epinephrine",
"pos": [
90,
101
]
} |
autoantibodies to smooth muscle ( asma ) , and to actin which is a major determinant of such reactivity , were measured in the serum of 94 patients with three defined categories of alcoholic liver disease , fatty liver , alcoholic hepatitis , and alcoholic cirrhosis , and in controls matched individually by age and sex... | NA | {
"id": "C0023895",
"name": "of",
"pos": [
85,
87
]
} | {
"id": "C0015695",
"name": "fatty liver",
"pos": [
207,
218
]
} |
high concentrations of theophylline and dibutyryl camp reduced fmlp and stz stimulated o2- generation but had no effect on pma stimulation , suggesting that the stimuli induce different sensitivities to the effects of cellular camp . | NA | {
"id": "C0012054",
"name": "dibutyryl camp",
"pos": [
40,
54
]
} | {
"id": "C0001455",
"name": "camp",
"pos": [
227,
231
]
} |
however , t-cell populations that do not adhere to plastic and to nylon wool will in the absence of added xenoantigen produce an amlr comparable to that obtained with e-rosetted populations . | NA | {
"id": "C0032167",
"name": "plastic",
"pos": [
51,
58
]
} | {
"id": "C0028736",
"name": "nylon",
"pos": [
66,
71
]
} |
the doses were 5 mg/kg iv , two 200-mg commercial tablets by mouth , two 200-mg tablets ( new formulation ) by mouth , and 400 mg in a drinkable solution . | NA | {
"id": "C0993159",
"name": "tablets",
"pos": [
50,
57
]
} | {
"id": "C0039225",
"name": "tablets",
"pos": [
80,
87
]
} |
rates of hydrolysis by six beta-lactamase preparations from gram-negative bacilli were determined , comparing apalcillin , piperacillin , azlocillin , ticarcillin , ampicillin and dicloxacillin to benzyl penicillin . | NA | {
"id": "C0031955",
"name": "piperacillin",
"pos": [
123,
135
]
} | {
"id": "C0002680",
"name": "ampicillin",
"pos": [
165,
175
]
} |
rates of hydrolysis by six beta-lactamase preparations from gram-negative bacilli were determined , comparing apalcillin , piperacillin , azlocillin , ticarcillin , ampicillin and dicloxacillin to benzyl penicillin . | NA | {
"id": "C0004499",
"name": "azlocillin",
"pos": [
138,
148
]
} | {
"id": "C0002680",
"name": "ampicillin",
"pos": [
165,
175
]
} |
rates of hydrolysis by six beta-lactamase preparations from gram-negative bacilli were determined , comparing apalcillin , piperacillin , azlocillin , ticarcillin , ampicillin and dicloxacillin to benzyl penicillin . | NA | {
"id": "C0002680",
"name": "ampicillin",
"pos": [
165,
175
]
} | {
"id": "C0030827",
"name": "benzyl penicillin",
"pos": [
197,
214
]
} |
the exact mechanisms of lung injury are probably quite complex , and unfortunately , often cause irreversible pulmonary disease , even in the patient who has had successful transplantation . | NA | {
"id": "C0273115",
"name": "of lung injury",
"pos": [
21,
35
]
} | {
"id": "C0024115",
"name": "pulmonary disease",
"pos": [
110,
127
]
} |
antimicrobial prophylaxis , modified chemotherapy and irradiation dosages , and antiviral immunization have been shown to reduce the incidence of early-onset pulmonary problems . | NA | {
"id": "C1136254",
"name": "antimicrobial",
"pos": [
0,
13
]
} | {
"id": "C0003451",
"name": "antiviral",
"pos": [
80,
89
]
} |
the possibility of identifying and separating small abnormal autosomes using commercially available instrumentation should facilitate the use of recombinant dna techniques for the construction of libraries which are highly enriched for dna sequences from limited autosomal subregions important in the study of chromosoma... | NA | {
"id": "C0012931",
"name": "recombinant dna",
"pos": [
145,
160
]
} | {
"id": "C0012854",
"name": "dna",
"pos": [
236,
239
]
} |
the possibility of identifying and separating small abnormal autosomes using commercially available instrumentation should facilitate the use of recombinant dna techniques for the construction of libraries which are highly enriched for dna sequences from limited autosomal subregions important in the study of chromosoma... | NA | {
"id": "C0008626",
"name": "of chromosomal abnormalities",
"pos": [
307,
335
]
} | {
"id": "C0040715",
"name": "translocations",
"pos": [
356,
370
]
} |
the possibility of identifying and separating small abnormal autosomes using commercially available instrumentation should facilitate the use of recombinant dna techniques for the construction of libraries which are highly enriched for dna sequences from limited autosomal subregions important in the study of chromosoma... | NA | {
"id": "C0008626",
"name": "of chromosomal abnormalities",
"pos": [
307,
335
]
} | {
"id": "C0021943",
"name": "inversion",
"pos": [
375,
384
]
} |
lymphocytes , isolated by the enzymatic technique , from colonic mucosal specimens obtained from eight patients with ulcerative colitis ( uc ) , two with ischemic colitis , two with antibiotic-associated colitis , and 15 controls by colonoscopic biopsy were used to examine t and b cells . | NA | {
"id": "C0162529",
"name": "ischemic",
"pos": [
154,
162
]
} | {
"id": "C0009319",
"name": "colitis",
"pos": [
204,
211
]
} |
in contrast to previous observations [ 125i ] b-sm binding to the tissue was competed more effectively by b-sm than multiplication stimulating activity ( a rat counterpart of igf-ii ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0037657",
"name": "b-sm",
"pos": [
46,
50
]
} | {
"id": "C0021666",
"name": "igf-ii",
"pos": [
175,
181
]
} |
in order to determine whether camp mediates the effects of pth on the metabolism of 25-hydroxyvitamin d3 ( 25-oh-d3 ) on chick kidney cells in primary culture , the effect of forskolin on the production of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin d3 [ 1,25- ( oh ) 2d3 ] and 24,25-dihydroxyvitamin d3 [ 24,25- ( oh ) 2d3 ] was assessed . | NA | {
"id": "C0006657",
"name": "25-hydroxyvitamin d3",
"pos": [
84,
104
]
} | {
"id": "C2713074",
"name": "25-oh-d3",
"pos": [
107,
115
]
} |
the role of serine proteases , most probably of pa and plasmin , in ovulation is further corroborated by a pharmacological approach . | NA | {
"id": "C0036734",
"name": "serine proteases",
"pos": [
12,
28
]
} | {
"id": "C0016016",
"name": "plasmin",
"pos": [
55,
62
]
} |
by administration of l- ( 5-3h ) proline , we have labeled ovarian and follicular collagen and followed collagenolytic activity by separation of 3h-hydroxyproline ( 3h-hyp ) from acid hydrolyzates of ovarian tissue by hplc . | NA | {
"id": "C0033382",
"name": "proline",
"pos": [
33,
40
]
} | {
"id": "C0020388",
"name": "hydroxyproline",
"pos": [
148,
162
]
} |
to determine whether insulin per se alters brain glucose metabolism , we measured glucose utilization rates , using the deoxyglucose method , in the medial basal hypothalamus , locus coeruleus , and motor cortex of conscious , unrestrained rats undergoing 2-h euglycemic clamps ( blood glucose , 4.1 +/- 0.1 mmol/liter )... | NA | {
"id": "C0017725",
"name": "glucose",
"pos": [
49,
56
]
} | {
"id": "C0005802",
"name": "blood glucose",
"pos": [
280,
293
]
} |
freshly isolated cells contained 9.9 +/- 1.1 ng progesterone/10 ( 6 ) cells , and released 72.0 +/- 7.1 ng/10 ( 6 ) cells x 24 h in the absence of precursors . | NA | {
"id": "C0007634",
"name": "cells",
"pos": [
17,
22
]
} | {
"id": "C0018956",
"name": "cells",
"pos": [
116,
121
]
} |
the striking ( greater than 30-fold ) responses of medium-sized and healthy preovulatory follicles to insulin were not attributable to the presence or absence of atresia or to a selective inhibition of progesterone 's catabolism to 20 alpha-dihydroprogesterone , since 20 alpha-dihydroprogesterone production was also ma... | NA | {
"id": "C0033308",
"name": "progesterone 's",
"pos": [
202,
217
]
} | {
"id": "C0012311",
"name": "20 alpha-dihydroprogesterone",
"pos": [
269,
297
]
} |
moreover , our studies indicate that insulin exerts significant actions at several levels of progestin biosynthesis , including the production of pregnenolone , progesterone , and 20 alpha-dihydroprogesterone by granulosa cells . | NA | {
"id": "C0033308",
"name": "progesterone",
"pos": [
161,
173
]
} | {
"id": "C0012311",
"name": "20 alpha-dihydroprogesterone",
"pos": [
180,
208
]
} |
incubation of the muscle cultures with the factor increased by 15-fold the ratio of hydroxyproline to proline residues in secreted macromolecules over controls . | NA | {
"id": "C0020388",
"name": "hydroxyproline",
"pos": [
84,
98
]
} | {
"id": "C0033382",
"name": "proline",
"pos": [
102,
109
]
} |
these results suggest that high-mr kininogen accelerates the surface-mediated activation of factor xii and prekallikrein by enhancing the susceptibility of factor xii to plasma kallikrein , on the one hand , and the affinity of factor xiia for prekallikrein , on the other hand . | NA | {
"id": "C0015525",
"name": "factor xii",
"pos": [
92,
102
]
} | {
"id": "C0015527",
"name": "factor xiia",
"pos": [
228,
239
]
} |
by comparison of carbon-13 nmr data from gaucher cerebroside and from other natural sphingolipids with those from synthetic l-threo-ceramide , d-glucosyl-l-threo-ceramide , d-erythro-ceramide and d-glucosyl-d-erythro-ceramide , we have been able to obtain directly , for the first time , unequivocal evidence for the ery... | NA | {
"id": "C0007805",
"name": "cerebroside",
"pos": [
49,
60
]
} | {
"id": "C0007745",
"name": "ceramide",
"pos": [
217,
225
]
} |
in contrast , significant shift differences have been observed for sphingosine c-3 ( 1.9 ppm ) and c-4 ( 1.2 ppm ) when comparing the spectral data of gaucher cerebroside with those of d-glucosyl-l-threo-ceramide . | NA | {
"id": "C0007805",
"name": "cerebroside",
"pos": [
159,
170
]
} | {
"id": "C0007745",
"name": "ceramide",
"pos": [
204,
212
]
} |
the results confirm the importance of the ribosomal rnas for ribosomal functions and help to define the rna domains which constitute the subunit interface of e. coli ribosomes . | NA | {
"id": "C0035701",
"name": "ribosomal rnas",
"pos": [
42,
56
]
} | {
"id": "C0035668",
"name": "rna",
"pos": [
104,
107
]
} |
the modified trnas are unable to bind to their respective aminoacyl-trna synthetase to become charged with an amino acid thus causing the availability of selected aminoacyl-trnas to become rate-limiting in the sequential elongation of peptides . | NA | {
"id": "C0002520",
"name": "amino acid",
"pos": [
110,
120
]
} | {
"id": "C0035714",
"name": "aminoacyl-trnas",
"pos": [
163,
178
]
} |
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