text stringlengths 57 1.72k | relation stringclasses 125
values | h dict | t dict |
|---|---|---|---|
six endoglucanases ( endo i ; ii ; iii ; iv ; v ; vi ) , three exoglucanases ( exo i ; ii ; iii ) and a beta-glucosidase ( beta-gluc i ) were isolated from a commercial cellulase preparation derived from trichoderma viride , using gel filtration on bio-gel , anion exchange on deae-bio-gel a , cation exchange on se-seph... | NA | {
"id": "C0021966",
"name": "i",
"pos": [
1,
2
]
} | {
"id": "C0003075",
"name": "anion",
"pos": [
259,
264
]
} |
( 3 ) in 1-o-alkyl-2-acylglycerols derived from exogenous alkylglycerols and in endogenous 1,2-diacylglycerols compositions of acyl moieties were found to be different indicating that different pathways were operative in the biosynthesis of these two neutral glycerolipids . | NA | {
"id": "C0017860",
"name": "acylglycerols",
"pos": [
21,
34
]
} | {
"id": "C0012262",
"name": "diacylglycerols",
"pos": [
95,
110
]
} |
thus , t cell-depleted non-rosette-forming ( e- ) cells prepared from peripheral blood mononuclear cells made antibody when cultured with antigen and factor together , whereas control cultures of e- cells with either antigen or factor alone did not . | NA | {
"id": "C0007634",
"name": "cells",
"pos": [
50,
55
]
} | {
"id": "C1321301",
"name": "peripheral blood mononuclear cells",
"pos": [
70,
104
]
} |
however , in a second type of chimera , a cyclophosphamide-treated chick reconstituted with normal bursal cells , most follicles in the reconstituted bursa are clonal ( their lymphocytes are derived from a single precursor cell ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0007634",
"name": "normal",
"pos": [
92,
98
]
} | {
"id": "C0018956",
"name": "precursor cell",
"pos": [
213,
227
]
} |
igg-binding factors ( igg-bf ) prepared from cell-free supernatant of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells interfere with the polyclonal activation of peripheral b cells by decreasing the numbers of igg-containing cells and ig plaque-forming cells . | NA | {
"id": "C1321301",
"name": "cell",
"pos": [
45,
49
]
} | {
"id": "C0007634",
"name": "cells",
"pos": [
246,
251
]
} |
proteins hmg 1 , 2 are dna-binding proteins which can distinguish between various types of single-stranded regions of the genome . | NA | {
"id": "C0033684",
"name": "proteins",
"pos": [
0,
8
]
} | {
"id": "C0012940",
"name": "dna-binding proteins",
"pos": [
23,
43
]
} |
mixed cultures of epithelial ( brl ) cells and fibroblasts ( bhk ) , which sort themselves out into separate domains of each cell type , form communication compartments . | NA | {
"id": "C0007634",
"name": "cells",
"pos": [
37,
42
]
} | {
"id": "C0016030",
"name": "fibroblasts",
"pos": [
47,
58
]
} |
to test the capacity of the sarcoplasmic reticulum , fibers were placed in a solution for maximal loading and then moved to a test solution in which the major anion in the relaxing solution , gluconate , was replaced by chloride . | NA | {
"id": "C0003075",
"name": "anion",
"pos": [
159,
164
]
} | {
"id": "C0008203",
"name": "chloride",
"pos": [
220,
228
]
} |
amastigotes of trypanosoma cruzi , within vertebrate cells or isolated from the supernatant of vertebrate cell cultures ( l-a9 fibroblast or j774g8 macrophage-like cell lines ) , possess glycoproteins or glycolipids on the cell surface according to the periodic acid-thiosemicarbazide-silver proteinate technique used in... | NA | {
"id": "C0007634",
"name": "cells",
"pos": [
53,
58
]
} | {
"id": "C0016030",
"name": "fibroblast",
"pos": [
127,
137
]
} |
in the isolated and perfused rabbit heart ischemia induced a rapid decline of contractility , associated with a reduction of the content of tissue gsh with no significant changes in gssg . | NA | {
"id": "C0017817",
"name": "gsh",
"pos": [
147,
150
]
} | {
"id": "C0061516",
"name": "gssg",
"pos": [
182,
186
]
} |
reperfusion induced a small recovery of contractility , a substantial release of total glutathione and a further decrease in the content of tissue gsh with a significant increase of tissue gssg . | NA | {
"id": "C0017817",
"name": "gsh",
"pos": [
147,
150
]
} | {
"id": "C0061516",
"name": "gssg",
"pos": [
189,
193
]
} |
though insulin content of islets was markedly reduced in cph-treated rats , the incorporation of radiolabeled leucine into proinsulin and insulin fractions was not affected with respect to the rate and amount . | NA | {
"id": "C0033362",
"name": "proinsulin",
"pos": [
123,
133
]
} | {
"id": "C0021641",
"name": "insulin",
"pos": [
138,
145
]
} |
phospholipid , triglyceride , cholesterol , and cholesteryl ester contents were measured in unaffected and atherosclerotic areas of human aorta and in a suspension of enzyme-isolated cells from these segments . | NA | {
"id": "C0008377",
"name": "cholesterol",
"pos": [
30,
41
]
} | {
"id": "C0008387",
"name": "cholesteryl ester",
"pos": [
48,
65
]
} |
direct cytotoxic effects of endotoxin from salmonella minnesota r 595 could be demonstrated only on hepatocytes in the early phases of primary culture using rather high doses of the purified lipopolysaccharide . | NA | {
"id": "C0014264",
"name": "endotoxin",
"pos": [
28,
37
]
} | {
"id": "C0023810",
"name": "lipopolysaccharide",
"pos": [
191,
209
]
} |
the igf coding region of the cdna inserts is flanked by sequences encoding a signal peptide and a carboxy-terminal peptide indicating that both human igf-ii and its variant are synthesized as precursors . | NA | {
"id": "C0037657",
"name": "igf",
"pos": [
4,
7
]
} | {
"id": "C0021666",
"name": "igf-ii",
"pos": [
150,
156
]
} |
gdp and guanylyl imidodiphosphate ( gppnp ) are required at about 20-fold higher concentration than gtp , which elicits a half-maximal effect at 15 microm . | NA | {
"id": "C0018366",
"name": "guanylyl",
"pos": [
8,
16
]
} | {
"id": "C0018353",
"name": "gtp",
"pos": [
100,
103
]
} |
the results indicate that the phospholipase c induced polyphosphoinositide hydrolysis rather than the phosphatidylinositol hydrolysis is the triggering event for platelet activation , and support the concept of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate as putative second messenger . | NA | {
"id": "C0071655",
"name": "polyphosphoinositide",
"pos": [
54,
74
]
} | {
"id": "C0031621",
"name": "phosphatidylinositol",
"pos": [
102,
122
]
} |
the km for the immobilized enzyme remained the same as that of the free enzyme . | NA | {
"id": "C0014444",
"name": "immobilized enzyme",
"pos": [
15,
33
]
} | {
"id": "C0014442",
"name": "enzyme",
"pos": [
72,
78
]
} |
the morphology of complexes between relaxed circular plasmid pbr322 dna and tripeptide l-val-l-val-l-val-nh-nh-dns ( tvp ) at different peptide/dna ratios was studied by electron microscopy . | NA | {
"id": "C0012925",
"name": "circular",
"pos": [
44,
52
]
} | {
"id": "C0012854",
"name": "dna",
"pos": [
144,
147
]
} |
on the basis of the analysis of the structures corresponding to the early stages of dna compaction the model for intermolecular condensation of circular dna into torus-shaped particles is proposed . | NA | {
"id": "C0012854",
"name": "dna",
"pos": [
84,
87
]
} | {
"id": "C0012925",
"name": "circular dna",
"pos": [
144,
156
]
} |
albumin mi/fg is an italian genetic variant of human serum albumin arising from a lys -- -- glu substitution which has been located in a cnbr fragment ( cnbr vii ) corresponding to the -cooh terminal portion of the molecule [ ( 1984 ) j. chromatogr . 298 , 336-344 ] . | NA | {
"id": "C0001924",
"name": "albumin",
"pos": [
0,
7
]
} | {
"id": "C0304925",
"name": "human serum albumin",
"pos": [
47,
66
]
} |
tumour-promoting phorbol esters ( phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate , pma ; phorbol-12,13-dibutyrate , pdbu ) but not 4 beta-phorbol , activate protein kinase c . | NA | {
"id": "C0031586",
"name": "phorbol esters",
"pos": [
17,
31
]
} | {
"id": "C0039654",
"name": "pma",
"pos": [
68,
71
]
} |
two-dimensional gel electrophoresis of proteins labeled with 32pi in s49 mouse lymphoma cells revealed five phosphoproteins that were rapidly and reversibly dephosphorylated in response to elevation of cyclic amp ( camp ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0033684",
"name": "proteins",
"pos": [
39,
47
]
} | {
"id": "C0031689",
"name": "phosphoproteins",
"pos": [
108,
123
]
} |
the type , amount , and timing of foods consumed influence drug dissolution , absorption , distribution , metabolism , and excretion . | NA | {
"id": "C0025519",
"name": "metabolism",
"pos": [
106,
116
]
} | {
"id": "C0221102",
"name": "excretion",
"pos": [
123,
132
]
} |
ltc4 and ltd4 collectively account for the biological activity known as slow-reacting substance of anaphylaxis and are potent smooth muscle contracting agents . | NA | {
"id": "C0023542",
"name": "ltc4",
"pos": [
0,
4
]
} | {
"id": "C0038091",
"name": "slow-reacting",
"pos": [
72,
85
]
} |
ltc4 and ltd4 collectively account for the biological activity known as slow-reacting substance of anaphylaxis and are potent smooth muscle contracting agents . | NA | {
"id": "C0023544",
"name": "ltd4",
"pos": [
9,
13
]
} | {
"id": "C0038091",
"name": "slow-reacting",
"pos": [
72,
85
]
} |
in addition to corticotropin-releasing factor ( crf ) and structurally related peptides , arginine vasopressin ( avp ) , oxytocin , angiotensin ii , vasoactive intestinal polypeptide , peptide histidine isoleucinamide , epinephrine ( e ) , and norepinephrine induce secretion of adrenocorticotropin ( acth ) from cortico... | NA | {
"id": "C0014563",
"name": "epinephrine",
"pos": [
220,
231
]
} | {
"id": "C0028351",
"name": "norepinephrine",
"pos": [
244,
258
]
} |
cushing 's disease patients respond variably , suggesting that ocrf may not be a very useful diagnostic agent in cushing 's syndrome . | NA | {
"id": "C0001622",
"name": "cushing 's disease",
"pos": [
0,
18
]
} | {
"id": "C0010481",
"name": "cushing 's",
"pos": [
113,
123
]
} |
the magnitude of the compensatory vasoconstriction that follows is the net result of the interaction of the epinephrine ( e ) from the adrenal medulla and norepinephrine ( ne ) from the peripheral nerves on the peripheral vascular adrenoreceptors as well as other nonadrenergic mechanisms not discussed here ( i.e. , ang... | NA | {
"id": "C0014563",
"name": "epinephrine",
"pos": [
108,
119
]
} | {
"id": "C0028351",
"name": "norepinephrine",
"pos": [
155,
169
]
} |
the rate of leucine oxidation appears to be increased during exercise , and there is a movement of amino acids , mostly in the form of alanine , from muscle to liver where the rate of gluconeogenesis is increased as a result of exercise . | NA | {
"id": "C0002520",
"name": "amino acids",
"pos": [
99,
110
]
} | {
"id": "C0001898",
"name": "alanine",
"pos": [
135,
142
]
} |
the form of cho ( i.e. , glucose , fructose , sucrose ) ingested may produce different blood glucose and insulin responses , but the rate of muscle glycogen resynthesis is about the same regardless of the structure . | NA | {
"id": "C0017725",
"name": "glucose",
"pos": [
25,
32
]
} | {
"id": "C0005802",
"name": "blood glucose",
"pos": [
87,
100
]
} |
nevertheless , larger substrates are preferred , such as chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan , which has been deglycosylated by smith degradation or hf treatment , or silk fibroin , which contains ser-gly pairs . | NA | {
"id": "C0074529",
"name": "silk",
"pos": [
164,
168
]
} | {
"id": "C0016042",
"name": "fibroin",
"pos": [
169,
176
]
} |
characterization of the specificity of these antibodies indicated that they recognize determinants present in the keratan sulfate glycosaminoglycan chain and on chondroitin sulfate oligosaccharide stubs attached to the proteoglycan core protein after chondroitinase digestion of the proteoglycan ( i.e. , delta-unsaturat... | NA | {
"id": "C0033692",
"name": "proteoglycan",
"pos": [
219,
231
]
} | {
"id": "C0033689",
"name": "chondroitin sulfate",
"pos": [
356,
375
]
} |
the antibody recognizing keratan sulfate has been used to demonstrate the presence of a keratan sulfate-rich proteoglycan subpopulation that increases with increasing age of animal compared with chondroitin sulfate-rich proteoglycans . | NA | {
"id": "C0033692",
"name": "proteoglycan",
"pos": [
109,
121
]
} | {
"id": "C0033689",
"name": "chondroitin sulfate",
"pos": [
195,
214
]
} |
the enrichment of heparan sulfate ( hs ) proteoglycan ( hs-pg ) in sam under specific attachment conditions , as well as the recent demonstration of hs binding to pfn or cellular fn , has evolved a series of experiments with the selective hs-binding protein platelet factor-4 to analyze the requirement of the hs-binding... | NA | {
"id": "C0062503",
"name": "heparan",
"pos": [
18,
25
]
} | {
"id": "C0019143",
"name": "hs",
"pos": [
310,
312
]
} |
early insulin-like and delayed insulin-antagonistic effects of physiologic early morning increases in growth hormone ( hgh ) secretion may account for this variability of overnight insulin requirements . | NA | {
"id": "C0037663",
"name": "growth",
"pos": [
102,
108
]
} | {
"id": "C3714500",
"name": "hgh",
"pos": [
119,
122
]
} |
twelve well-nourished diabetic children ( 9 males and 3 females with a mean age of 11.2 +/- 3.3 yr ) , six with an hba1c of 7.9-11.2 % ( group a ) and six with an hba1c of 12.5-15.6 % ( group b ) , were studied as follows : the gh response after 100 micrograms of oral clonidine and the sm generation capacity after i.m ... | NA | {
"id": "C0037663",
"name": "gh",
"pos": [
228,
230
]
} | {
"id": "C0169964",
"name": "human growth",
"pos": [
357,
369
]
} |
our data indicate that human fat cells contain binding sites that specifically recognize prostaglandins of the e series and demonstrate stereospecific recognition of the more potent of two 15-methyl-pge2 analogues . | NA | {
"id": "C0033559",
"name": "prostaglandins",
"pos": [
89,
103
]
} | {
"id": "C0012472",
"name": "pge2",
"pos": [
199,
203
]
} |
the purpose of this study was to establish whether a relationship may exist between the hyperinsulinemia , the exaggerated insulin secretion , and the resistance to insulin characteristic of the obese-hyperglycemic syndrome and the zinc status of the ob/ob mouse . | NA | {
"id": "C0020459",
"name": "hyperinsulinemia",
"pos": [
88,
104
]
} | {
"id": "C0021655",
"name": "resistance",
"pos": [
151,
161
]
} |
malabsorption of vitamin d appears secondary to profound steatorrhea due to pancreatic insufficiency and secondary biliary cirrhosis . | NA | {
"id": "C0024523",
"name": "malabsorption",
"pos": [
0,
13
]
} | {
"id": "C0038238",
"name": "steatorrhea",
"pos": [
57,
68
]
} |
in general , because of the higher prevalence of hypothyroidism in the elderly and the paucity of signs and symptoms in many thyrotoxic elderly persons , thyroid disorders must be included in the differential diagnosis of every elderly patient 's problems . | NA | {
"id": "C0020676",
"name": "hypothyroidism",
"pos": [
49,
63
]
} | {
"id": "C0040128",
"name": "thyroid disorders",
"pos": [
154,
171
]
} |
bacterially synthesized human growth hormone ( bhgh ) administered to snell dwarf mice during 4 weeks , induced an increase in body length and weight to a comparable degree as obtained with pituitary-derived human growth hormone ( hgh ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0169964",
"name": "human growth hormone",
"pos": [
24,
44
]
} | {
"id": "C0037663",
"name": "pituitary",
"pos": [
190,
199
]
} |
thus bacterially synthesized hgh behaves identically to pituitary-derived hgh with respect to body length , sulfate incorporation into costal and epiphyseal cartilage , body weight and organ growth of snell dwarf mice , with one exception : increase of weight of the kidneys , as a function of body weight , was more pro... | NA | {
"id": "C0037663",
"name": "pituitary",
"pos": [
56,
65
]
} | {
"id": "C0169964",
"name": "bhgh",
"pos": [
363,
367
]
} |
the results indicate that in hyperthyroidism , elevated thyroid hormone per se rather than the disease of the thyroid is responsible for elevated serum angiotensin converting enzyme . | NA | {
"id": "C0020550",
"name": "hyperthyroidism",
"pos": [
29,
44
]
} | {
"id": "C0040128",
"name": "disease",
"pos": [
95,
102
]
} |
the activities of the 3 beta-hsd , 17-oh , 17,20-d , 17-ksr and aromatase were measured using as substrates 14c dehydroepiandrosterone , progesterone , 17-hydroxyprogesterone , androstenedione and testosterone , respectively . | NA | {
"id": "C0033308",
"name": "progesterone",
"pos": [
137,
149
]
} | {
"id": "C0020387",
"name": "17-hydroxyprogesterone",
"pos": [
152,
174
]
} |
although the delta agent is an important cause of progressive liver disease in children who are chronic hbsag carriers , severe liver injury and especially cirrhosis can occur without evidence of delta infection . | NA | {
"id": "C0023895",
"name": "of",
"pos": [
47,
49
]
} | {
"id": "C0023890",
"name": "cirrhosis",
"pos": [
156,
165
]
} |
in 78 families where the wife was a heterozygous carrier of g6pd deficiency the percentage of unsuccessful pregnancies with spontaneous abortions occurring in the first trimester was higher ( 21.7 % , calculated from 258 pregnancies ) than in the control group ( 9.3 % , calculated from 678 pregnancies . | NA | {
"id": "C0032979",
"name": "first trimester",
"pos": [
163,
178
]
} | {
"id": "C0032961",
"name": "pregnancies",
"pos": [
291,
302
]
} |
as an indication of the immune response to antigens common to k562 and balm-1 , the ability of the same antiserum to inhibit the binding of monoclonal antibody 6b1 , which detects an epitope common to both cell lines , was measured . | NA | {
"id": "C0003320",
"name": "antigens",
"pos": [
43,
51
]
} | {
"id": "C0003316",
"name": "epitope",
"pos": [
183,
190
]
} |
the latter considerations also imply that the outcome of passive antibody administration in this system was determined by factors other than the ability of the antigen-antibody complexes to interact directly with b cells , and indicate the importance of antigen processing and/or a mechanism such as antigen-reactive cel... | NA | {
"id": "C0003241",
"name": "antibody",
"pos": [
65,
73
]
} | {
"id": "C0003313",
"name": "antigen-antibody complexes",
"pos": [
160,
186
]
} |
an analysis of individual microcultures established at low cell dose ( 1 cell/well ) indicated that specific and nk-like activity could be ascribed to the same precursor cells . | NA | {
"id": "C0007634",
"name": "cell",
"pos": [
59,
63
]
} | {
"id": "C0018956",
"name": "precursor cells",
"pos": [
160,
175
]
} |
the injection at the tumour site of tncb induced the regression of the tumour in mice in which the tnp-helper cell population has been amplified , but not in controls , including those injected with a non-related hapten or sensitized to tncb without inactivation of suppressors . | NA | {
"id": "C0018593",
"name": "hapten",
"pos": [
213,
219
]
} | {
"id": "C0031891",
"name": "tncb",
"pos": [
237,
241
]
} |
further , allogeneic spleen cells were not capable of acting as carriers for the induction of primary cs , though h-2 restriction was not observed in the induction of non-specific unresponsiveness by ox-conjugated cells . | NA | {
"id": "C3485979",
"name": "allogeneic",
"pos": [
10,
20
]
} | {
"id": "C0007634",
"name": "cells",
"pos": [
214,
219
]
} |
it is therefore concluded that , for expression of the strong adjuvanticity of ko3 lps , both the lipid a and polysaccharide moieties are indispensable and must be combined in the form of lps . | NA | {
"id": "C0023767",
"name": "lipid a",
"pos": [
98,
105
]
} | {
"id": "C0023810",
"name": "lps",
"pos": [
188,
191
]
} |
however , macrophages were not required to mediate suppression in cocultures , as lymphoblasts depleted of macrophage by plastic adherence and nylon wool columns mediated equal , and often greater , suppression than unseparated , preactivated cells . | NA | {
"id": "C0032167",
"name": "plastic",
"pos": [
121,
128
]
} | {
"id": "C0028736",
"name": "nylon",
"pos": [
143,
148
]
} |
the autofluorographic pattern of amastigotes intrinsically labeled with n- [ 3h ] acetylglucosamine , an amino sugar which is incorporated into membrane carbohydrates , was in excellent agreement with the pattern of antigens reactive with antibody in western blots . | NA | {
"id": "C0002531",
"name": "amino sugar",
"pos": [
105,
116
]
} | {
"id": "C0007004",
"name": "carbohydrates",
"pos": [
153,
166
]
} |
the effect of liposome-encapsulated amphotericin b on mouse macrophages and on t- and b-lymphocyte functions in vitro was compared with that of free amphotericin b . | NA | {
"id": "C1145701",
"name": "liposome",
"pos": [
14,
22
]
} | {
"id": "C0002679",
"name": "amphotericin b",
"pos": [
149,
163
]
} |
to determine whether the different expression of natural antibacterial activity might be due to lectin-like proteins interacting with the saccharidic moieties of the bacterial wall , 11 simple sugars were preincubated with the effector cells before the in vitro assays . | NA | {
"id": "C0023206",
"name": "lectin",
"pos": [
96,
102
]
} | {
"id": "C0033684",
"name": "proteins",
"pos": [
108,
116
]
} |
the results obtained suggest that lectin-like proteins playing a role in this interaction are present not only on lymphocytes but also on bacteria and that divalent cations are essential for the expression of in vitro antibacterial activity . | NA | {
"id": "C0023206",
"name": "lectin",
"pos": [
34,
40
]
} | {
"id": "C0033684",
"name": "proteins",
"pos": [
46,
54
]
} |
basophil activation , observed in patients with idiopathic mixed cryoglobulinemia , has been related to the complement anaphylatoxins c4a , c3a and c5a . | NA | {
"id": "C0009517",
"name": "complement",
"pos": [
108,
118
]
} | {
"id": "C0002791",
"name": "anaphylatoxins",
"pos": [
119,
133
]
} |
basophil activation , observed in patients with idiopathic mixed cryoglobulinemia , has been related to the complement anaphylatoxins c4a , c3a and c5a . | NA | {
"id": "C0002791",
"name": "anaphylatoxins",
"pos": [
119,
133
]
} | {
"id": "C0009510",
"name": "c3a",
"pos": [
140,
143
]
} |
in the present study the plasma levels of the complement anaphylatoxins have been evaluated in 21 patients affected with idiopathic mixed cryoglobulinemia . | NA | {
"id": "C0009498",
"name": "complement",
"pos": [
46,
56
]
} | {
"id": "C0002791",
"name": "anaphylatoxins",
"pos": [
57,
71
]
} |
lam2 antibody stained all 8 scc carcinomas , 4 of 5 sqc of the lung and head and neck region , and 2 or 4 lung large-cell carcinomas . | NA | {
"id": "C0262584",
"name": "scc carcinomas",
"pos": [
28,
42
]
} | {
"id": "C0007097",
"name": "scc",
"pos": [
28,
31
]
} |
in a group of older children recalled to the clinic , the ratio was 1.0 in those who had maintained equal visual acuity and was less than unity in those children whose acuity had regressed after treatment , or had not improved during treatment . | NA | {
"id": "C1455726",
"name": "older children",
"pos": [
14,
28
]
} | {
"id": "C0008059",
"name": "children",
"pos": [
153,
161
]
} |
no evidence of drug uptake was found for any lens immersed in epinephrine , norepinephrine , dexamethasone , or chloramphenicol . | NA | {
"id": "C0014563",
"name": "epinephrine",
"pos": [
62,
73
]
} | {
"id": "C0028351",
"name": "norepinephrine",
"pos": [
76,
90
]
} |
the sympathoadrenal activity during acute ( from 0.5 to 10 h ) and prolonged ( 4 days ) head-down bed rest was assessed in eight healthy men ( 24 +/- 1 yr ) by measuring epinephrine ( e ) , norepinephrine ( ne ) , dopamine ( da ) , and methoxylated metabolite levels in their plasma and urine . | NA | {
"id": "C0014563",
"name": "epinephrine",
"pos": [
170,
181
]
} | {
"id": "C0028351",
"name": "norepinephrine",
"pos": [
190,
204
]
} |
if airway obstruction occurred in sequential breaths during multiple-breath nasal mask occlusions in normal infants , there was a breath-by-breath change in the airway pressure associated with airway closure ( airway closing pressure ) ; | NA | {
"id": "C0001883",
"name": "airway obstruction",
"pos": [
3,
21
]
} | {
"id": "C0027429",
"name": "nasal",
"pos": [
76,
81
]
} |
analysis of membrane lipids showed that in addition to free and esterified cholesterol the spiroplasmas incorporated exogenous phospholipids from the growth medium . | NA | {
"id": "C0025249",
"name": "membrane lipids",
"pos": [
12,
27
]
} | {
"id": "C0031676",
"name": "phospholipids",
"pos": [
127,
140
]
} |
the binding of the disaccharide unit to peptidoglycan was confirmed by the analysis of linkage-unit-bound glycopeptides obtained from naio4 oxidation of teichoic acid-glycopeptide complexes . | NA | {
"id": "C0030958",
"name": "peptidoglycan",
"pos": [
40,
53
]
} | {
"id": "C0017953",
"name": "glycopeptide",
"pos": [
167,
179
]
} |
these mutant proteins were able to undergo posttranslational deamidation and methylation reactions in the same manner as wild-type tsr protein ; | NA | {
"id": "C1564139",
"name": "mutant",
"pos": [
6,
12
]
} | {
"id": "C0033684",
"name": "protein",
"pos": [
135,
142
]
} |
addition to the medium of other straight-chain alditols , d-arabitol , ribitol , xylitol , erythritol , and l-threitol also yielded pairs of novel phospholipids , whereas sorbitol or galactitol produced only one analog in small quantities . | NA | {
"id": "C0038654",
"name": "alditols",
"pos": [
47,
55
]
} | {
"id": "C0035526",
"name": "ribitol",
"pos": [
71,
78
]
} |
addition to the medium of other straight-chain alditols , d-arabitol , ribitol , xylitol , erythritol , and l-threitol also yielded pairs of novel phospholipids , whereas sorbitol or galactitol produced only one analog in small quantities . | NA | {
"id": "C0038654",
"name": "alditols",
"pos": [
47,
55
]
} | {
"id": "C0043369",
"name": "xylitol",
"pos": [
81,
88
]
} |
addition to the medium of other straight-chain alditols , d-arabitol , ribitol , xylitol , erythritol , and l-threitol also yielded pairs of novel phospholipids , whereas sorbitol or galactitol produced only one analog in small quantities . | NA | {
"id": "C0038654",
"name": "alditols",
"pos": [
47,
55
]
} | {
"id": "C0014757",
"name": "erythritol",
"pos": [
91,
101
]
} |
addition to the medium of other straight-chain alditols , d-arabitol , ribitol , xylitol , erythritol , and l-threitol also yielded pairs of novel phospholipids , whereas sorbitol or galactitol produced only one analog in small quantities . | NA | {
"id": "C0038654",
"name": "alditols",
"pos": [
47,
55
]
} | {
"id": "C0037688",
"name": "sorbitol",
"pos": [
171,
179
]
} |
addition to the medium of other straight-chain alditols , d-arabitol , ribitol , xylitol , erythritol , and l-threitol also yielded pairs of novel phospholipids , whereas sorbitol or galactitol produced only one analog in small quantities . | NA | {
"id": "C0038654",
"name": "alditols",
"pos": [
47,
55
]
} | {
"id": "C0013283",
"name": "galactitol",
"pos": [
183,
193
]
} |
h2 , nadh , and succinate each reduced the same amount of total b-type cytochrome in membranes from sr481 , and the rate of h2-dependent cytochrome o reduction was significantly less than with succinate or nadh as the reductants . | NA | {
"id": "C1256751",
"name": "b-type cytochrome",
"pos": [
64,
81
]
} | {
"id": "C0010798",
"name": "cytochrome",
"pos": [
137,
147
]
} |
320 amino acids , contains a threonine-rich tract in which direct repeat sequences of 35 amino acids exist , and is bordered by a pair of basic amino acid residues ( lys-lys ) which may be a proteolytic processing signal . | NA | {
"id": "C0002520",
"name": "amino acids",
"pos": [
4,
15
]
} | {
"id": "C0301714",
"name": "basic amino acid",
"pos": [
138,
154
]
} |
membrane protein iodination experiments , together with protease treatment of whole cells , indicated that the om2 protein is exposed to the outside environment of the v. anguillarum cells . | NA | {
"id": "C0025252",
"name": "membrane protein",
"pos": [
0,
16
]
} | {
"id": "C0033684",
"name": "protein",
"pos": [
115,
122
]
} |
human , dog , and cat type iii were cleaved most rapidly by trypsin , guinea pig iii more slowly , and chick iii was completely resistant to the serine protease . | NA | {
"id": "C0041236",
"name": "trypsin",
"pos": [
60,
67
]
} | {
"id": "C0036734",
"name": "serine protease",
"pos": [
145,
160
]
} |
these results indicated that vacuolar membrane h+-atpase is different from either yeast plasma membrane h+-atpase or mitochondrial f1-atpase . | NA | {
"id": "C0379099",
"name": "vacuolar membrane",
"pos": [
29,
46
]
} | {
"id": "C0018437",
"name": "mitochondrial",
"pos": [
117,
130
]
} |
the vacuolar membrane h+-atpase was found to be composed of two major polypeptides a and b of mr = 89,000 and 64,000 , respectively , and a n , n'-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide binding polypeptide c of mr = 19,500 , whose polypeptide composition was also different from those of either plasma membrane h+-atpase or mitochondr... | NA | {
"id": "C0379099",
"name": "vacuolar membrane h",
"pos": [
4,
23
]
} | {
"id": "C0018437",
"name": "mitochondrial",
"pos": [
310,
323
]
} |
monoclonal anti-sm antibodies that quantitatively immunoprecipitate u1 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein particles totally inhibited the splicing activity of the purified fractions , indicating that u1 small nuclear rnps had co-purified with the activity and were absolutely required for the splicing reaction . | NA | {
"id": "C0162795",
"name": "u1 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein particles",
"pos": [
68,
112
]
} | {
"id": "C0142661",
"name": "small",
"pos": [
200,
205
]
} |
immunoblot analysis using chymotryptic fragments of myosin has shown that the 17 antibodies are directed against at least five different sites on the myosin heavy chain . | NA | {
"id": "C0027096",
"name": "myosin",
"pos": [
52,
58
]
} | {
"id": "C0027100",
"name": "myosin heavy chain",
"pos": [
150,
168
]
} |
one antibody ( anti-sc303 ) reacted both with scm and free scs but not with scs bound to iga dimer ( siga ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0036538",
"name": "scm",
"pos": [
46,
49
]
} | {
"id": "C0020838",
"name": "siga",
"pos": [
101,
105
]
} |
monoclonal antibodies specific for the lactose repressor protein have been purified from three mouse hybridoma cell lines , and ascitic fluids from five other cell lines producing repressor antibodies have been assayed for immunoglobulin subclass and antigenic specificity . | NA | {
"id": "C0003250",
"name": "monoclonal antibodies",
"pos": [
0,
21
]
} | {
"id": "C0003241",
"name": "antibodies",
"pos": [
190,
200
]
} |
one major very highly repeated ( vhr ) dna ( approximately 7 x 10 ( 6 ) copies/genome ; repeat unit = 156 base pairs ( bp ) ) , a family of three minor vhr dnas ( approximately 2.8 x 10 ( 6 ) copies/genome ; repeat units = 71-74 bp ) , and a number of trace components account for almost 30 % of the genome of a hermit c... | NA | {
"id": "C0012854",
"name": "dna",
"pos": [
39,
42
]
} | {
"id": "C0000702",
"name": "a",
"pos": [
321,
322
]
} |
the mechanisms of the initial interactions of three rat liver acyl-coa dehydrogenases ( short-chain , medium-chain , and long-chain acyl-coa dehydrogenases ) and their fatty acyl-coa substrate were studied using enzyme-catalyzed deuterium exchange . | NA | {
"id": "C0085744",
"name": "acyl-coa",
"pos": [
62,
70
]
} | {
"id": "C0065170",
"name": "long-chain acyl-coa",
"pos": [
121,
140
]
} |
when fatty acyl-coa substrates were incubated with catalytic amounts of acyl-coa dehydrogenase in d2o in the absence of an electron acceptor , a rapid monodeuteration of the substrate occurred to replace one of the prochiral c-2 hydrogens , while no c-3 hydrogens were exchanged with deuterium . | NA | {
"id": "C0020275",
"name": "hydrogens",
"pos": [
229,
238
]
} | {
"id": "C0011744",
"name": "deuterium",
"pos": [
284,
293
]
} |
the titration of the two apoenzymes with [ 14c ] nem and that of the holo-short-chain acyl-coa dehydrogenase with [ 14c ] pcmb indicated that all three acyl-coa dehydrogenases contain a single essential cysteine residue/subunit . | NA | {
"id": "C0054318",
"name": "short-chain acyl-coa dehydrogenase",
"pos": [
74,
108
]
} | {
"id": "C0085744",
"name": "acyl-coa dehydrogenases",
"pos": [
152,
175
]
} |
phosphofructokinase c was structurally distinct from phosphofructokinases a ( obtained from muscle or brain ) and b ( obtained from liver ) as shown by one-dimensional chymotryptic and staphylococcal v8 protease fingerprints of all three isozymes . | NA | {
"id": "C0031651",
"name": "phosphofructokinase",
"pos": [
0,
19
]
} | {
"id": "C0162449",
"name": "phosphofructokinases",
"pos": [
53,
73
]
} |
the ( alpha 2-8 ) -linkage between the terminal and penultimate sialic acids was determined using nonradioactive cmp-neuac and [ ac-14c ] lm1 as substrates ( higashi , h. , and basu , s. ( 1982 ) anal . biochem . 120 , 159-164 ) for the enzyme , followed by identification of the permethylated [ 14c ] sialic acid of the... | NA | {
"id": "C0037025",
"name": "sialic acids",
"pos": [
64,
76
]
} | {
"id": "C0067762",
"name": "sialic acid",
"pos": [
302,
313
]
} |
the present study was designed to gain insight into the question whether other monovalent cations , particularly protons , can act as sodium congeners in effecting pump-mediated potassium transport ( atp-dependent rubidium efflux from inside-out vesicles ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0007449",
"name": "monovalent cations",
"pos": [
79,
97
]
} | {
"id": "C0033727",
"name": "protons",
"pos": [
113,
120
]
} |
its inhibition patterns with respect to substrate , glucose 1-phosphate , and activator , adenosine monophosphate , show it to be a potent ( ki = 40 microm ) r-state inhibitor of phosphorylase b , mimicking the binding of glucose-1-phosphate , and , as predicted for an r-state inhibitor , its binding to amp-activated p... | NA | {
"id": "C0031711",
"name": "phosphorylase b",
"pos": [
179,
194
]
} | {
"id": "C0017916",
"name": "phosphorylase",
"pos": [
319,
332
]
} |
such tlc analysis revealed that , after priming with follicle-stimulating hormone , added [ 3h ] pregnenolone was converted to progesterone which was rapidly reduced and finally accumulated as 5 alpha-pregnane-3 alpha,20 alpha-diol ( pregnanediol ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0033308",
"name": "progesterone",
"pos": [
127,
139
]
} | {
"id": "C0033004",
"name": "pregnanediol",
"pos": [
234,
246
]
} |
when heterologous single-strand dna was added in addition to the duplex dna large stable aggregates of protein and dna were formed that could easily be sedimented from solution . | NA | {
"id": "C0012935",
"name": "single-strand dna",
"pos": [
18,
35
]
} | {
"id": "C0012854",
"name": "dna",
"pos": [
115,
118
]
} |
these diacylglycerols and diacylglycerol analogs provide useful tools to investigate the function of diacylglycerols as bioregulators in intact cells . | NA | {
"id": "C0043791",
"name": "diacylglycerol",
"pos": [
6,
20
]
} | {
"id": "C0012262",
"name": "diacylglycerols",
"pos": [
101,
116
]
} |
the transport characteristics and regulation of the na/k/cl cotransport system were investigated in cultured human fibroblasts ( hswp cells ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0016030",
"name": "fibroblasts",
"pos": [
115,
126
]
} | {
"id": "C0007634",
"name": "cells",
"pos": [
134,
139
]
} |
this reflects the greater intrinsic ability of ni to hydrolyze gtp and bind guanine nucleotides ( at 10 mm mgcl2 , 100-200 nm gtp or [ 35s ] gtp gamma s ) compared to t . | NA | {
"id": "C0018328",
"name": "guanine nucleotides",
"pos": [
76,
95
]
} | {
"id": "C0018353",
"name": "gtp",
"pos": [
141,
144
]
} |
this reflects the greater intrinsic ability of ni to hydrolyze gtp and bind guanine nucleotides ( at 10 mm mgcl2 , 100-200 nm gtp or [ 35s ] gtp gamma s ) compared to t . | NA | {
"id": "C0018353",
"name": "gtp",
"pos": [
63,
66
]
} | {
"id": "C0079469",
"name": "gtp gamma s",
"pos": [
141,
152
]
} |
this protein is identified as metallothionein based on its similarity to the amino-terminal portion of mammalian and crab metalloproteins . | NA | {
"id": "C0033684",
"name": "protein",
"pos": [
5,
12
]
} | {
"id": "C0025544",
"name": "metalloproteins",
"pos": [
122,
137
]
} |
this protein is identified as metallothionein based on its similarity to the amino-terminal portion of mammalian and crab metalloproteins . | NA | {
"id": "C0025545",
"name": "metallothionein",
"pos": [
30,
45
]
} | {
"id": "C0025544",
"name": "metalloproteins",
"pos": [
122,
137
]
} |
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