text stringlengths 57 1.72k | relation stringclasses 125
values | h dict | t dict |
|---|---|---|---|
the main symptoms and findings were elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rates ( 80 % ) , stress-induced dyspnea or paroxysmal dyspnea ( 71 % resp . ) , and diastolic mitral or tricuspid murmurs ( 62 % ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0013404",
"name": "dyspnea",
"pos": [
103,
110
]
} | {
"id": "C0013405",
"name": "paroxysmal dyspnea",
"pos": [
114,
132
]
} |
thrombolytic efficacy with respect to patency rates is highest after intravenous application of so-called fibrin-selective thrombolytic agents ( rt-pa ) and apsac ( 71 % and 73 % ) , intracoronary application of streptokinase ( 69 % ) , and primary percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty ( 88 % ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0078956",
"name": "apsac",
"pos": [
157,
162
]
} | {
"id": "C0038418",
"name": "streptokinase",
"pos": [
212,
225
]
} |
complications of myocardial infarction as acute mitral insufficiency due to papillary muscle rupture in inferior myocardial infarction , rupture of the septal myocardium in septal infarction , as well as myocardial rupture with pericardial tamponade show characteristic diagnostic findings . | NA | {
"id": "C0027051",
"name": "myocardial infarction",
"pos": [
17,
38
]
} | {
"id": "C0340305",
"name": "inferior",
"pos": [
104,
112
]
} |
[ differences in blood cholinesterase activity as a possible differential diagnostic criterion of eczema , atopic dermatosis and allergic eczema-like dermatitis ] . | NA | {
"id": "C0011615",
"name": "allergic eczema",
"pos": [
129,
144
]
} | {
"id": "C0011603",
"name": "dermatitis",
"pos": [
150,
160
]
} |
the acute-phase proteins crp , haptoglobin , and sialic acid of 312 surgical patients ( 159 females and 153 males ) , aged between 18 and 95 years , were examined with a view to finding parameters for early prediction of perioperative septic complications . | NA | {
"id": "C0001347",
"name": "acute-phase proteins",
"pos": [
4,
24
]
} | {
"id": "C0018595",
"name": "haptoglobin",
"pos": [
31,
42
]
} |
further statistical analysis demonstrated positive correlation between the concentrations of kininogens and prokallikrein-prokininogenases and between low molecular weight kininogen and plasma euglobulin fibrinolysis time . | NA | {
"id": "C0022713",
"name": "kininogens",
"pos": [
93,
103
]
} | {
"id": "C0023922",
"name": "low molecular weight kininogen",
"pos": [
151,
181
]
} |
epinephrine , norepinephrine , and dopa excretion were studied as related to clinical picture of the syndrome ( 2 groups : melancholic and anesthetic depressions ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0014563",
"name": "epinephrine",
"pos": [
0,
11
]
} | {
"id": "C0028351",
"name": "norepinephrine",
"pos": [
14,
28
]
} |
in the first trimester of pregnancy two simple chorionic villus sampling method , carried out under ultrasound guidance , with transabdominal or transcervical aspiration , was evaluated in 257 cases at risk for chromosomic diseases . | NA | {
"id": "C0032979",
"name": "first trimester",
"pos": [
7,
22
]
} | {
"id": "C0032961",
"name": "pregnancy",
"pos": [
26,
35
]
} |
epinephrine and norepinephrine were determined before and 5 minutes after falipamil administration in one patient . | NA | {
"id": "C0014563",
"name": "epinephrine",
"pos": [
0,
11
]
} | {
"id": "C0028351",
"name": "norepinephrine",
"pos": [
16,
30
]
} |
the best diagnostic criterian was the determination of the excretion of norepinephrine and especially of epinephrine in repeated urine samples ( 90 % correct positive , 5 % false positive ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0028351",
"name": "norepinephrine",
"pos": [
72,
86
]
} | {
"id": "C0014563",
"name": "epinephrine",
"pos": [
105,
116
]
} |
from 1975 through 1987 , 54 patients underwent operations for pheochromocytoma ( pcc ) : 37 patients for sporadic unilateral adrenal pcc , 9 for bilateral and familial pcc , and 4 patients for paraganglioma . | NA | {
"id": "C0031511",
"name": "adrenal pcc",
"pos": [
125,
136
]
} | {
"id": "C0030421",
"name": "paraganglioma",
"pos": [
193,
206
]
} |
cellular heterogeneity and insulin-like growth factor i immunoreactivity among epiphysial growth plate chondrocytes in the pig . | NA | {
"id": "C0007634",
"name": "cellular",
"pos": [
0,
8
]
} | {
"id": "C0225369",
"name": "chondrocytes",
"pos": [
103,
115
]
} |
though the physiological function of these enkephalin-positive cells is unclear , our findings suggest that they can act as endocrine cells and release methionine-enkephalin into the capillaries . | NA | {
"id": "C0014298",
"name": "enkephalin",
"pos": [
43,
53
]
} | {
"id": "C0014295",
"name": "methionine-enkephalin",
"pos": [
152,
173
]
} |
this case raises the possibility that hiv infection contributed to the patient 's aplastic anemia , and suggests that hiv-associated giant cells might be found retrospectively or prospectively within the brains of patients who die of conditions other than those narrowly defined as acquired immune deficiency syndrome ( ... | NA | {
"id": "C0019693",
"name": "hiv infection",
"pos": [
38,
51
]
} | {
"id": "C0001175",
"name": "aids",
"pos": [
330,
334
]
} |
the series included high grade osteosarcomas , parosteal osteosarcomas and benign bone tumors , which may be mixed up histologically with osteosarcoma . | NA | {
"id": "C0206642",
"name": "parosteal",
"pos": [
47,
56
]
} | {
"id": "C0029463",
"name": "osteosarcoma",
"pos": [
138,
150
]
} |
in the diagnostically noncontroversial group , all benign tumors and parosteal osteosarcomas were diploid , whereas 97 of 102 osteosarcomas were hyperploid . | NA | {
"id": "C0206642",
"name": "parosteal osteosarcomas",
"pos": [
69,
92
]
} | {
"id": "C0029463",
"name": "osteosarcomas",
"pos": [
126,
139
]
} |
surgical resection of the endocardium and subendocardium often abolishes sustained ventricular tachycardia ( vt ) in patients with old myocarcial infarct ( omi ) , unknown myocardial disease , and arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia ( arvd ) , presumably by interrupting the reentrant pathway . | NA | {
"id": "C0878544",
"name": "myocardial disease",
"pos": [
172,
190
]
} | {
"id": "C0349788",
"name": "arrhythmogenic right ventricular",
"pos": [
197,
229
]
} |
the double-stained precursor cells were present between days 7 and 11 of culture in defined medium , while in the presence of fibroblast growth factor these cells were more numerous and were still present after 14 days . | NA | {
"id": "C0018956",
"name": "precursor cells",
"pos": [
19,
34
]
} | {
"id": "C0007634",
"name": "cells",
"pos": [
157,
162
]
} |
we investigated the possibility that the effect of il-1 on osteoblasts is mediated through an increase in intracellular calcium [ ca++ ] i by studying the effects of purified human monocyte-derived il-1 ( hil-1 ) and recombinant human il-1 alpha ( rhil alpha ) and beta ( rhil-1 beta ) on [ ca++ ] i in the rat osteogeni... | NA | {
"id": "C0021755",
"name": "il-1",
"pos": [
51,
55
]
} | {
"id": "C0600251",
"name": "recombinant",
"pos": [
217,
228
]
} |
the phorbol esters , 12-o-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate ( tpa ) and phorbol-12,13-didecanoate , which activate the enzyme protein kinase c , stimulated resorption in fetal rat long-bone cultures at concentrations of 1 and 10 microm . | NA | {
"id": "C0031586",
"name": "phorbol esters",
"pos": [
4,
18
]
} | {
"id": "C0039654",
"name": "12-o-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate",
"pos": [
21,
57
]
} |
neither parathyroid hormone ( pth ) 1-34 ( 1 u/ml ) , 1,25- ( oh ) 2-d3 ( 10 ( -8 ) and 10 ( -9 ) m ) , nor interleukin 1 ( il-1 ) ( purified from p388d1 macrophage culture supernatant fluids or recombinant murine il-1-alpha ) ( 100 ng/ml ) stimulated bone resorption in these cultures . | NA | {
"id": "C0021755",
"name": "interleukin 1",
"pos": [
108,
121
]
} | {
"id": "C0600251",
"name": "recombinant",
"pos": [
195,
206
]
} |
hyperosteoidosis was associated with a significantly higher dose of sodium fluoride and a significantly higher level of bone fluoride retention but without significant increase in fasting serum fluoride . | NA | {
"id": "C0037508",
"name": "sodium fluoride",
"pos": [
68,
83
]
} | {
"id": "C0016327",
"name": "fluoride",
"pos": [
194,
202
]
} |
effect of vitamin a on bone resorption : evidence for direct stimulation of isolated chicken osteoclasts by retinol and retinoic acid . | NA | {
"id": "C0042839",
"name": "vitamin a",
"pos": [
10,
19
]
} | {
"id": "C0040845",
"name": "retinoic acid",
"pos": [
120,
133
]
} |
the effects of retinol ( vitamin a ) and retinoic acid on primary cultures of isolated chicken osteoclasts have been studied . | NA | {
"id": "C0042839",
"name": "vitamin a",
"pos": [
25,
34
]
} | {
"id": "C0040845",
"name": "retinoic acid",
"pos": [
41,
54
]
} |
using the well-described oral calcium load technique , we measured the calcium absorption from three different calcium doses ( 0.5 , 1.0 , and 2.0 g ) of both calcium carbonate and calcium citrate administered to 21 normal subjects ( 4 men and 17 women , 22-60 years ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0006675",
"name": "calcium",
"pos": [
30,
37
]
} | {
"id": "C0006681",
"name": "calcium carbonate",
"pos": [
159,
176
]
} |
using the well-described oral calcium load technique , we measured the calcium absorption from three different calcium doses ( 0.5 , 1.0 , and 2.0 g ) of both calcium carbonate and calcium citrate administered to 21 normal subjects ( 4 men and 17 women , 22-60 years ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0006675",
"name": "calcium",
"pos": [
30,
37
]
} | {
"id": "C0108101",
"name": "calcium",
"pos": [
181,
188
]
} |
moreover , the increment in urinary calcium post-load was higher from calcium citrate than from calcium carbonate at all four dosage levels . | NA | {
"id": "C0006675",
"name": "calcium",
"pos": [
36,
43
]
} | {
"id": "C0006681",
"name": "calcium carbonate",
"pos": [
96,
113
]
} |
the increment in urinary calcium ( during the second 2 hr ) following calcium citrate load ( 0.5 g calcium ) was 0.104 +/- 0.096 mg/dl glomerular filtrate ( gf ) , which was higher than that of 0.091 +/- 0.068 mg/dl gf obtained from 2.0 g calcium as calcium carbonate . | NA | {
"id": "C0006675",
"name": "calcium",
"pos": [
25,
32
]
} | {
"id": "C0006681",
"name": "calcium carbonate",
"pos": [
250,
267
]
} |
while 1 mm f- suppresses pth secretion by only 21 % , and 10 microm al3+ has virtually no effect at all , together they inhibit pth release approximately to the level ( 63 % inhibition ) observed with 5 mm naf alone . | NA | {
"id": "C0016327",
"name": "f",
"pos": [
11,
12
]
} | {
"id": "C0037508",
"name": "naf",
"pos": [
206,
209
]
} |
prior removal of extracellular ca2+ by egta totally blocks the f- -induced rise in cytosolic ca2+ without preventing the inhibition of pth release by naf . | NA | {
"id": "C0016327",
"name": "f",
"pos": [
15,
16
]
} | {
"id": "C0037508",
"name": "naf",
"pos": [
150,
153
]
} |
inhibition of specific binding occurs with intact pth , with biologically active pth analog or fragment , and with synthetic pth antagonists , but not with biologically inactive pth fragments , or peptide hormones unrelated to pth antagonists , but not with biologically inactive pth fragments , or peptide hormones rece... | NA | {
"id": "C0019932",
"name": "synthetic pth",
"pos": [
115,
128
]
} | {
"id": "C0597192",
"name": "peptide hormones",
"pos": [
299,
315
]
} |
inhibition of specific binding occurs with intact pth , with biologically active pth analog or fragment , and with synthetic pth antagonists , but not with biologically inactive pth fragments , or peptide hormones unrelated to pth antagonists , but not with biologically inactive pth fragments , or peptide hormones rece... | NA | {
"id": "C0597192",
"name": "peptide hormones",
"pos": [
197,
213
]
} | {
"id": "C0030520",
"name": "pth",
"pos": [
280,
283
]
} |
at the trabecular site females had a proportionately greater bone loss than males , indicating an interaction between gender and immobilization associated bone loss at this site . | NA | {
"id": "C0086582",
"name": "males",
"pos": [
25,
30
]
} | {
"id": "C0079399",
"name": "gender",
"pos": [
118,
124
]
} |
we conclude that intact methionine residues at positions 8 and 18 of hpth 1-34 are necessary for all its major biological actions , including its effect on the renal metabolism of 25-hydroxyvitamin d3 ( 25 ( oh ) d3 ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0006657",
"name": "25-hydroxyvitamin d3",
"pos": [
180,
200
]
} | {
"id": "C2713074",
"name": "25 ( oh ) d3",
"pos": [
203,
215
]
} |
though not significant , glioblastomas appeared to be less sensitive to inhibition by b-tgf than astrocytomas and oligodendrogliomas . | NA | {
"id": "C0017636",
"name": "glioblastomas",
"pos": [
25,
38
]
} | {
"id": "C0004114",
"name": "astrocytomas",
"pos": [
97,
109
]
} |
protein extract from t-mgl cells was analysed for b-tgf activity using a soft agar colony formation assay with normal rat kidney fibroblasts . | NA | {
"id": "C0007634",
"name": "cells",
"pos": [
27,
32
]
} | {
"id": "C0016030",
"name": "fibroblasts",
"pos": [
129,
140
]
} |
there have been 22 cases of intramedullary spinal cord tumours ( 4 astrocytomas , 3 glioblastoma multiformes , 5 ependymomas , 7 haemangioblastomas , 1 dermoid , 1 lipoma and 1 schwannoma ) thus treated at our department during the past 13 years . | NA | {
"id": "C0004114",
"name": "astrocytomas",
"pos": [
67,
79
]
} | {
"id": "C0017636",
"name": "glioblastoma",
"pos": [
84,
96
]
} |
of the 42 newborns with known gender , 26 ( 61.90 % ) were male and 16 ( 38.10 % ) were female . | NA | {
"id": "C0079399",
"name": "gender",
"pos": [
30,
36
]
} | {
"id": "C0086582",
"name": "male",
"pos": [
90,
94
]
} |
airborne concentrations , skin contamination , and urinary metabolite excretion of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons among paving workers exposed to coal tar derived road tars . | NA | {
"id": "C0009137",
"name": "coal tar",
"pos": [
148,
156
]
} | {
"id": "C0039315",
"name": "tars",
"pos": [
170,
174
]
} |
the time spent by cells at each stage of development is estimated to be 1.4 days as chondroblasts , 0.5 days as flattened chondrocytes , 2.3 days as the chondrocytes of the upper hypertrophic cell layer , and 1.1 days as those of the lower hypertrophic cell layer . | NA | {
"id": "C0225369",
"name": "chondrocytes",
"pos": [
122,
134
]
} | {
"id": "C0007634",
"name": "cell",
"pos": [
253,
257
]
} |
this was reflected in decreased hepatic cytochrome p450 content , ie , from 0.689 +/- 0.175 nmole/mg to 0.505 +/- 0.089 nmole/mg protein and associated decreased drug metabolizing enzymes : aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase , 7-ethoxycoumarin-o-deethylase , and benzphetamine n-demethylase , by 40 % , 40 % , and 47 % , respe... | NA | {
"id": "C0010762",
"name": "cytochrome p450",
"pos": [
40,
55
]
} | {
"id": "C0003927",
"name": "aryl",
"pos": [
190,
194
]
} |
this was reflected in decreased hepatic cytochrome p450 content , ie , from 0.689 +/- 0.175 nmole/mg to 0.505 +/- 0.089 nmole/mg protein and associated decreased drug metabolizing enzymes : aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase , 7-ethoxycoumarin-o-deethylase , and benzphetamine n-demethylase , by 40 % , 40 % , and 47 % , respe... | NA | {
"id": "C0003927",
"name": "aryl",
"pos": [
190,
194
]
} | {
"id": "C0000644",
"name": "7-ethoxycoumarin-o-deethylase",
"pos": [
221,
250
]
} |
renal cytochrome p450 , aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase , 7-ethoxycoumarin-o-deethylase , and benzphetamine n-demethylase were increased after partial hepatectomy by 84 % , 360 % , 165 % and 406 % , respectively . | NA | {
"id": "C0010762",
"name": "cytochrome p450",
"pos": [
6,
21
]
} | {
"id": "C0003927",
"name": "aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase",
"pos": [
24,
52
]
} |
renal cytochrome p450 , aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase , 7-ethoxycoumarin-o-deethylase , and benzphetamine n-demethylase were increased after partial hepatectomy by 84 % , 360 % , 165 % and 406 % , respectively . | NA | {
"id": "C0003927",
"name": "aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase",
"pos": [
24,
52
]
} | {
"id": "C0000644",
"name": "7-ethoxycoumarin-o-deethylase",
"pos": [
55,
84
]
} |
the frequency of each infection during the study period was : bacteremia ( n = 12 ) , pneumonia ( n = 18 ) , definite urinary tract infection ( n = 26 ) and probable urinary tract infection ( n = 17 ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0009450",
"name": "infection",
"pos": [
22,
31
]
} | {
"id": "C0042029",
"name": "urinary tract infection",
"pos": [
166,
189
]
} |
to better comprehend somatotopic development of the corticospinal projection system , wheat germ agglutinin conjugated to horseradish peroxidase ( wga-hrp ) was injected into cervical or lumbar enlargement of the spinal cord of postnatal rats . | NA | {
"id": "C0019941",
"name": "horseradish peroxidase",
"pos": [
122,
144
]
} | {
"id": "C0078473",
"name": "wga-hrp",
"pos": [
147,
154
]
} |
mouse iodinated epidermal growth factor ( egf ) was localized by light and electron microscopic radioautography in basal cells of oral epithelium , papillary cells of the enamel organ , periodontal ligament fibroblasts , preodontoblast precursor cells , and preosteoblasts of the alveolar bone of 13-day-old sprague-dawl... | NA | {
"id": "C0007634",
"name": "cells",
"pos": [
121,
126
]
} | {
"id": "C0016030",
"name": "fibroblasts",
"pos": [
207,
218
]
} |
mouse iodinated epidermal growth factor ( egf ) was localized by light and electron microscopic radioautography in basal cells of oral epithelium , papillary cells of the enamel organ , periodontal ligament fibroblasts , preodontoblast precursor cells , and preosteoblasts of the alveolar bone of 13-day-old sprague-dawl... | NA | {
"id": "C0007634",
"name": "cells",
"pos": [
121,
126
]
} | {
"id": "C0018956",
"name": "precursor cells",
"pos": [
236,
251
]
} |
the numerical volume density of cells in the superficial zone of regions bearing high physiological load is less than half of that in less-weight-bearing regions , chondrocyte death being principally responsible for this reduction . | NA | {
"id": "C0007634",
"name": "the",
"pos": [
0,
3
]
} | {
"id": "C0225369",
"name": "chondrocyte",
"pos": [
164,
175
]
} |
kinetic results derived from multiple radiothymidine labeling ( dna synthesis ) support the single population model for chondrocytes and diaphyseal osteoprogenitor cells . | NA | {
"id": "C0225369",
"name": "chondrocytes",
"pos": [
120,
132
]
} | {
"id": "C0007634",
"name": "cells",
"pos": [
164,
169
]
} |
the calcium-binding protein ( cabp ) calbindin has been implicated in the molecular mechanism of placental calcium transfer . | NA | {
"id": "C0006732",
"name": "calcium-binding protein",
"pos": [
4,
27
]
} | {
"id": "C0054444",
"name": "calbindin",
"pos": [
37,
46
]
} |
creatine kinase ( ck ) , ck-mb isoenzyme , ck-mm sub-bands , myoglobin , and lactate dehydrogenase ( ld ) isoenzymes were examined . | NA | {
"id": "C0010287",
"name": "creatine kinase",
"pos": [
0,
15
]
} | {
"id": "C0010291",
"name": "ck-mm",
"pos": [
43,
48
]
} |
experiments using the techniques of mutational analysis and the incorporation of radiolabeled precursors indicated that leucine is a direct precursor to the isovalerate moiety present in the trichothecene , t-2 toxin . | NA | {
"id": "C0040952",
"name": "trichothecene",
"pos": [
191,
204
]
} | {
"id": "C0039185",
"name": "t-2 toxin",
"pos": [
207,
216
]
} |
analysis of trichothecene production in a uv-induced leucine auxotroph also revealed the existence of a branched biosynthetic pathway which results in the coproduction of t-2 toxin and the t-2 toxin analogs neosolaniol , 8-isobutyryl-neosolaniol , and 8-propionyl-neosolaniol . | NA | {
"id": "C0040952",
"name": "trichothecene",
"pos": [
12,
25
]
} | {
"id": "C0039185",
"name": "t-2 toxin",
"pos": [
189,
198
]
} |
the most common transmissible r factor determined resistance to ampicillin , amoxicillin , and sulfanilamide ( 30 % ) , followed by resistance to ampicillin and amoxicillin ( 13 % ) and resistance to ampicillin , amoxicillin , phosphomycin , and sulfanilamide ( 9 % ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0002680",
"name": "ampicillin",
"pos": [
64,
74
]
} | {
"id": "C0002645",
"name": "amoxicillin",
"pos": [
213,
224
]
} |
of the retinoids examined , only 13-cis-retinoic acid showed appreciable ability to compete for binding of all-trans-retinoic acid . | NA | {
"id": "C0035339",
"name": "retinoids",
"pos": [
7,
16
]
} | {
"id": "C0022265",
"name": "13-cis-retinoic acid",
"pos": [
33,
53
]
} |
polyamine uptake was inhibited by the polyamines themselves and by a polyamine analog , methylglyoxal bisguanylhydrazone , but only weakly and incompletely by the basic amino acids arginine and ornithine . | NA | {
"id": "C0301714",
"name": "basic amino acids",
"pos": [
163,
180
]
} | {
"id": "C0003765",
"name": "arginine",
"pos": [
181,
189
]
} |
polyamine uptake was inhibited by the polyamines themselves and by a polyamine analog , methylglyoxal bisguanylhydrazone , but only weakly and incompletely by the basic amino acids arginine and ornithine . | NA | {
"id": "C0301714",
"name": "basic amino acids",
"pos": [
163,
180
]
} | {
"id": "C0029277",
"name": "ornithine",
"pos": [
194,
203
]
} |
the seminal plasma carboxypeptidase has a neutral ph optimum , is inhibited by o-phenanthroline and by the inhibitor of carboxypeptidase b-type enzymes , 2-mercaptomethyl-3-guanidinoethylthiopropanoic acid , and can be activated by cobalt . | NA | {
"id": "C0007075",
"name": "carboxypeptidase",
"pos": [
19,
35
]
} | {
"id": "C0054756",
"name": "carboxypeptidase b",
"pos": [
120,
138
]
} |
sulfate anion free radical formation by the peroxidation of ( bi ) sulfite and its reaction with hydroxyl radical scavengers . | NA | {
"id": "C0038720",
"name": "sulfate",
"pos": [
0,
7
]
} | {
"id": "C0003075",
"name": "anion",
"pos": [
8,
13
]
} |
sulfate anion free radical formation by the peroxidation of ( bi ) sulfite and its reaction with hydroxyl radical scavengers . | NA | {
"id": "C0003075",
"name": "anion",
"pos": [
8,
13
]
} | {
"id": "C0038750",
"name": "sulfite",
"pos": [
67,
74
]
} |
the one-electron oxidation of ( bi ) sulfite is catalyzed by peroxidases to yield the sulfur trioxide radical anion ( so3- ) , a predominantly sulfur-centered radical as shown by studies with 33s-labeled ( bi ) sulfite . | NA | {
"id": "C0003075",
"name": "anion",
"pos": [
110,
115
]
} | {
"id": "C0038750",
"name": "sulfite",
"pos": [
211,
218
]
} |
the subsequent reaction of this peroxyl radical with ( bi ) sulfite has been proposed to form the sulfate anion radical , which is nearly as strong an oxidant as the hydroxyl radical . | NA | {
"id": "C0038750",
"name": "sulfite",
"pos": [
60,
67
]
} | {
"id": "C0003075",
"name": "anion",
"pos": [
106,
111
]
} |
we used the spin trapping electron spin resonance technique to provide for the first time direct evidence for sulfate anion radical formation during ( bi ) sulfite peroxidation . | NA | {
"id": "C0003075",
"name": "anion",
"pos": [
118,
123
]
} | {
"id": "C0038750",
"name": "sulfite",
"pos": [
156,
163
]
} |
purification and properties of catechol 1,2-dioxygenase ( pyrocatechase ) from pseudomonas putida mt-2 in comparison with that from pseudomonas arvilla c-1 . | NA | {
"id": "C0599874",
"name": "dioxygenase",
"pos": [
44,
55
]
} | {
"id": "C0054859",
"name": "pyrocatechase",
"pos": [
58,
71
]
} |
( iii ) hydrogen peroxide production and oxygen uptake were induced by ammonium chloride , a proton conductor that can permeate through thylakoid membranes , but whole superoxide in the bulk solution was oxidized back to molecular oxygen by cytochrome c . | NA | {
"id": "C0031180",
"name": "peroxide",
"pos": [
17,
25
]
} | {
"id": "C0038836",
"name": "superoxide",
"pos": [
168,
178
]
} |
interaction of 14-chlorine derivatives of rubomycin and carminomycin with potassium formate in the presence of the crown ether yielded 14-formyloxy derivatives of rubomycin and carminomycin . | NA | {
"id": "C0011015",
"name": "rubomycin",
"pos": [
42,
51
]
} | {
"id": "C0007308",
"name": "carminomycin",
"pos": [
177,
189
]
} |
interaction of rubomycin and carminomycin with formic acid in the presence of n-oxysuccinimide and dicyclohexylcarbodiimide resulted in formation of n-formyl derivatives of rubomycin and carminomycin . | NA | {
"id": "C0011015",
"name": "rubomycin",
"pos": [
15,
24
]
} | {
"id": "C0007308",
"name": "carminomycin",
"pos": [
187,
199
]
} |
we looked for the presence of autoantibodies against thyroglobulin , smooth muscle , gastric mucosa , myocardium , mitochondria , epithelial intercellular substance , and basal membrane as well as antinuclear antibodies and rheumatoid factors ; | NA | {
"id": "C0004358",
"name": "autoantibodies",
"pos": [
30,
44
]
} | {
"id": "C0003243",
"name": "antinuclear",
"pos": [
197,
208
]
} |
we looked for the presence of autoantibodies against thyroglobulin , smooth muscle , gastric mucosa , myocardium , mitochondria , epithelial intercellular substance , and basal membrane as well as antinuclear antibodies and rheumatoid factors ; | NA | {
"id": "C0004358",
"name": "autoantibodies",
"pos": [
30,
44
]
} | {
"id": "C0035448",
"name": "rheumatoid factors",
"pos": [
224,
242
]
} |
the third antigenic domain was made up of a complex of four identical or overlapping epitopes designated 3a , b , c , and d . | NA | {
"id": "C0003320",
"name": "antigenic",
"pos": [
10,
19
]
} | {
"id": "C0003316",
"name": "epitopes",
"pos": [
85,
93
]
} |
the suggested model of antigenic kinship between related paramyxoviruses is based on another concept of antigenic determinant , as compared to the previously suggested combinatorial mathematical model by the authors . | NA | {
"id": "C0003320",
"name": "antigenic",
"pos": [
23,
32
]
} | {
"id": "C0003316",
"name": "antigenic determinant",
"pos": [
104,
125
]
} |
the cellular source of ifn alpha after induction with herpes simplex virus type-1 ( hsv ) and hsv-infected fibroblasts was investigated by using human peripheral blood mononuclear cell ( pbmc ) populations , purified according to conventional procedures , and which included t- and b-lymphocytes as well as monocytes . | NA | {
"id": "C0007634",
"name": "cellular",
"pos": [
4,
12
]
} | {
"id": "C0016030",
"name": "fibroblasts",
"pos": [
107,
118
]
} |
the cellular source of ifn alpha after induction with herpes simplex virus type-1 ( hsv ) and hsv-infected fibroblasts was investigated by using human peripheral blood mononuclear cell ( pbmc ) populations , purified according to conventional procedures , and which included t- and b-lymphocytes as well as monocytes . | NA | {
"id": "C0007634",
"name": "cellular",
"pos": [
4,
12
]
} | {
"id": "C1321301",
"name": "peripheral blood mononuclear cell",
"pos": [
151,
184
]
} |
it appears that the cells responding to hsv virions are monocytes , whereas the pbmc population induced by hsv-infected cells is represented by b-lymphocytes . | NA | {
"id": "C1321301",
"name": "pbmc",
"pos": [
80,
84
]
} | {
"id": "C0007634",
"name": "cells",
"pos": [
120,
125
]
} |
lipid and protein components were extracted from each class of lipoproteins to identify the molecules responsible for the inhibiting activity . | NA | {
"id": "C0023779",
"name": "lipid",
"pos": [
0,
5
]
} | {
"id": "C0023820",
"name": "lipoproteins",
"pos": [
63,
75
]
} |
activation by gtp gamma s appeared to be mediated by a guanine nucleotide-binding ( g ) protein as gtp gamma s-stimulated [ 3h ] inositol phosphate production was inhibited by other nucleotides with a potency order of gtp = gdp = guanosine 5'- [ beta-thio ] diphosphate greater than itp greater than gmp greater than utp... | NA | {
"id": "C0018328",
"name": "guanine nucleotide",
"pos": [
55,
73
]
} | {
"id": "C0018353",
"name": "gtp",
"pos": [
218,
221
]
} |
activation by gtp gamma s appeared to be mediated by a guanine nucleotide-binding ( g ) protein as gtp gamma s-stimulated [ 3h ] inositol phosphate production was inhibited by other nucleotides with a potency order of gtp = gdp = guanosine 5'- [ beta-thio ] diphosphate greater than itp greater than gmp greater than utp... | NA | {
"id": "C0018328",
"name": "guanine nucleotide",
"pos": [
55,
73
]
} | {
"id": "C0018340",
"name": "gdp",
"pos": [
224,
227
]
} |
activation by gtp gamma s appeared to be mediated by a guanine nucleotide-binding ( g ) protein as gtp gamma s-stimulated [ 3h ] inositol phosphate production was inhibited by other nucleotides with a potency order of gtp = gdp = guanosine 5'- [ beta-thio ] diphosphate greater than itp greater than gmp greater than utp... | NA | {
"id": "C0018328",
"name": "guanine nucleotide",
"pos": [
55,
73
]
} | {
"id": "C0018346",
"name": "gmp",
"pos": [
300,
303
]
} |
activation by gtp gamma s appeared to be mediated by a guanine nucleotide-binding ( g ) protein as gtp gamma s-stimulated [ 3h ] inositol phosphate production was inhibited by other nucleotides with a potency order of gtp = gdp = guanosine 5'- [ beta-thio ] diphosphate greater than itp greater than gmp greater than utp... | NA | {
"id": "C0079469",
"name": "gtp gamma s",
"pos": [
14,
25
]
} | {
"id": "C0018353",
"name": "gtp",
"pos": [
218,
221
]
} |
however its inhibitory effect on the above basal , insulin-stimulated fraction of hexose transport was not mediated by cyclic amp since : ( i ) 8-bromo cyclic amp and cholera toxin did not mimic this effect of the diterpene , ( ii ) significant decreases in cyclic amp levels caused by 2',3'-dideoxyadenosine in the pres... | NA | {
"id": "C0000661",
"name": "8-bromo cyclic amp",
"pos": [
144,
162
]
} | {
"id": "C0001455",
"name": "cyclic amp",
"pos": [
531,
541
]
} |
the effects of 26-aminocholesterol and 26-thiacholesterol on cholesterol synthesis and ldl ( low-density lipoprotein ) -receptor activity were compared with naturally occurring 26-hydroxycholesterol utilizing both human fibroblasts and hepatoma ( hep g2 ) cells . | NA | {
"id": "C0016030",
"name": "fibroblasts",
"pos": [
220,
231
]
} | {
"id": "C0007634",
"name": "cells",
"pos": [
256,
261
]
} |
both the alpha 2-adrenergic and the muscarinic inhibitions were prevented by pretreatment of the cells with pertussis toxin , and were unaffected by the phorbol ester 12-o-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate . | NA | {
"id": "C0031586",
"name": "phorbol ester",
"pos": [
153,
166
]
} | {
"id": "C0039654",
"name": "12-o-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate",
"pos": [
167,
203
]
} |
to this purpose , agents that affect primarily the cytosolic concentration of ca2+ , [ ca2+ ] i ( ionomycin , high k+ ) , agents that affect cyclic amp concentrations ( forskolin ; the adenosine analogue phenylisopropyladenosine ; clonidine ) and activators of protein kinase c ( phorbol esters ) were applied alone or i... | NA | {
"id": "C0001443",
"name": "adenosine",
"pos": [
185,
194
]
} | {
"id": "C0031484",
"name": "phenylisopropyladenosine",
"pos": [
204,
228
]
} |
metabolic processes involving side-chain and ring cleavage of progesterone , 17-hydroxyprogesterone , 11-deoxycortisol and 16-dehydropregnenolone by arthrobacter simplex were studied . | NA | {
"id": "C0033308",
"name": "progesterone",
"pos": [
62,
74
]
} | {
"id": "C0020387",
"name": "17-hydroxyprogesterone",
"pos": [
77,
99
]
} |
the formation of the metabolites from progesterone indicates a pathway somewhat different from normal in the enzymic reaction sequence , and the 17-hydroxyprogesterone metabolites reveal a non-enzymic rearrangement step . | NA | {
"id": "C0033308",
"name": "progesterone",
"pos": [
38,
50
]
} | {
"id": "C0020387",
"name": "17-hydroxyprogesterone",
"pos": [
145,
167
]
} |
in the absence of g-kinase the ( ca2+ + mg2+ ) -atpase was stimulated by the addition of pip , but not by pi . | NA | {
"id": "C0071655",
"name": "pip",
"pos": [
89,
92
]
} | {
"id": "C0031621",
"name": "pi",
"pos": [
106,
108
]
} |
by introduction of secondary aliphatic ( e.g . isopropyl or secondary butyl ) ether groups into acyclic nucleosides such as aciclovir and ganciclovir new lipophilic prodrugs with modified physical and improved pharmacokinetic properties have been obtained . | NA | {
"id": "C0001367",
"name": "aciclovir",
"pos": [
124,
133
]
} | {
"id": "C0017066",
"name": "ganciclovir",
"pos": [
138,
149
]
} |
these metabolites can oxidise a wide variety of nearby molecules , leading to cell damage and altered uptake characteristics for lipoproteins containing peroxidized lipids . | NA | {
"id": "C0023820",
"name": "lipoproteins",
"pos": [
129,
141
]
} | {
"id": "C0023779",
"name": "lipids",
"pos": [
165,
171
]
} |
at plasma triglyceride levels of 15,000 mg/dl , untreated diabetic rabbits carried 73 % ( 1950 mg/dl ) of plasma total cholesterol in lipoproteins with a diameter larger than 75 nm ( sf greater than 400 ) , 25 % in smaller very low density lipoproteins ( vldl ) and 1 % in both low and high density lipoproteins ( ldl , ... | NA | {
"id": "C0023820",
"name": "lipoproteins",
"pos": [
134,
146
]
} | {
"id": "C0023825",
"name": "very low density",
"pos": [
223,
239
]
} |
in the present study , we have examined whether the origin of the dietary protein , i.e . plant ( soy ) or animal ( casein ) , affects the plasma lipoproteins in normolipidemic subjects when these proteins are presented as components of diets low in cholesterol and saturated fat . | NA | {
"id": "C0012177",
"name": "dietary protein",
"pos": [
66,
81
]
} | {
"id": "C0033684",
"name": "proteins",
"pos": [
197,
205
]
} |
serum total cholesterol did not correlate with arterial cholesterol fractions , but the ratio of high density lipoprotein-cholesterol to total serum cholesterol showed a negative association with arterial esterified cholesterol . | NA | {
"id": "C0008377",
"name": "cholesterol",
"pos": [
12,
23
]
} | {
"id": "C0023822",
"name": "high density lipoprotein-cholesterol",
"pos": [
97,
133
]
} |
serum total cholesterol did not correlate with arterial cholesterol fractions , but the ratio of high density lipoprotein-cholesterol to total serum cholesterol showed a negative association with arterial esterified cholesterol . | NA | {
"id": "C0008377",
"name": "cholesterol",
"pos": [
12,
23
]
} | {
"id": "C0008387",
"name": "esterified cholesterol",
"pos": [
205,
227
]
} |
analysis of ldl composition demonstrated that the ldl-cholesterol lowering effect of probucol in fh was entirely due to reduction in the proportion of cholesterol in ldl with no reduction in ldl mass . | NA | {
"id": "C0023824",
"name": "ldl-cholesterol",
"pos": [
50,
65
]
} | {
"id": "C0008377",
"name": "cholesterol",
"pos": [
151,
162
]
} |
aortic intimal lipid content and serum lipoproteins in patients undergoing coronary by-pass surgery as related to clinical prognosis . | NA | {
"id": "C0023779",
"name": "lipid",
"pos": [
15,
20
]
} | {
"id": "C0023820",
"name": "lipoproteins",
"pos": [
39,
51
]
} |
in addition serum lipoprotein and apolipoprotein levels were quantitated and their relationships to aortic intimal lipid concentrations were analysed . | NA | {
"id": "C0023820",
"name": "lipoprotein",
"pos": [
18,
29
]
} | {
"id": "C0023779",
"name": "lipid",
"pos": [
115,
120
]
} |
the possibility to use aortic intimal lipid and serum lipoprotein or apolipoprotein concentrations to predict clinical prognosis following the coronary by-pass operation was also evaluated . | NA | {
"id": "C0023779",
"name": "lipid",
"pos": [
38,
43
]
} | {
"id": "C0023820",
"name": "lipoprotein",
"pos": [
72,
83
]
} |
intimal cholesterol , cholesterol ester , phosphatidylcholine and sphingomyelin were intercorrelated , whereas none of these lipid fractions correlated to aortic intimal triglyceride levels . | NA | {
"id": "C0008377",
"name": "cholesterol",
"pos": [
8,
19
]
} | {
"id": "C0008387",
"name": "cholesterol ester",
"pos": [
22,
39
]
} |
the increased ldl-cholesterol was carried by a 3-fold increase in particles of relatively normal composition and not by packing cholesterol esters into the cores of enlarged ldl particles , as has been reported after feeding semisynthetic diets loaded with extra cholesterol . | NA | {
"id": "C0008387",
"name": "cholesterol esters",
"pos": [
128,
146
]
} | {
"id": "C0008377",
"name": "cholesterol",
"pos": [
263,
274
]
} |
whether lipid and lipoprotein abnormalities are associated also with peripheral vascular disease in both types of diabetes is largely unknown . | NA | {
"id": "C0023779",
"name": "lipid",
"pos": [
8,
13
]
} | {
"id": "C0023820",
"name": "lipoprotein",
"pos": [
18,
29
]
} |
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