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activity of anorectic drugs ( amphetamine ) , amfepramone and up 507-o4 ) on two models of obesity in animals [ proceedings ] .
physiologic_effect_of
{ "id": "C2825056", "name": "activity", "pos": [ 0, 8 ] }
{ "id": "C0012201", "name": "amfepramone", "pos": [ 46, 57 ] }
the positive chronotropic and inotropic effects of histamine , pge1 , pge2 , pgf2 alpha , glucagon and aii had similar amplitudes in capsaicin-desensitized and control atria .
physiologic_effect_of
{ "id": "C1372804", "name": "positive chronotropic", "pos": [ 4, 25 ] }
{ "id": "C0017687", "name": "glucagon", "pos": [ 90, 98 ] }
the positive chronotropic and inotropic effects of ad and nicotine were differentially affected by capsaicin desensitization .
physiologic_effect_of
{ "id": "C1372804", "name": "positive chronotropic", "pos": [ 4, 25 ] }
{ "id": "C0014563", "name": "ad", "pos": [ 51, 53 ] }
the positive chronotropic effect , observed in 13 preparations , was potentiated by phentolamine and almost completely blocked by propranolol .
physiologic_effect_of
{ "id": "C1372804", "name": "positive chronotropic", "pos": [ 4, 25 ] }
{ "id": "C0031448", "name": "phentolamine", "pos": [ 84, 96 ] }
the negative chronotropic effect observed in the other 5 preparations was greater in the presence of propranolol , reduced by phentolamine and not affected by atropine .
physiologic_effect_of
{ "id": "C1372752", "name": "negative", "pos": [ 4, 12 ] }
{ "id": "C0033497", "name": "propranolol", "pos": [ 101, 112 ] }
vagal stimulation consistently attenuated both the positive chronotropic and inotropic responses to ne , dobutamine , forskolin and ibmx .
physiologic_effect_of
{ "id": "C1372804", "name": "positive", "pos": [ 51, 59 ] }
{ "id": "C0012963", "name": "dobutamine", "pos": [ 105, 115 ] }
phosphodiesterase isozyme inhibition , activation of the camp system , and positive inotropy mediated by milrinone in isolated guinea pig cardiac muscle .
physiologic_effect_of
{ "id": "C1372805", "name": "positive inotropy", "pos": [ 75, 92 ] }
{ "id": "C0128513", "name": "milrinone", "pos": [ 105, 114 ] }
the purpose of the present study was to examine the interrelationships among phosphodiesterase ( pde ) isozyme inhibition , camp formation , activation of camp-dependent protein kinase ( capk ) , and positive inotropy in isolated guinea pig cardiac muscle mediated by the cardiotonic/vasodilator agent , milrinone .
physiologic_effect_of
{ "id": "C1372805", "name": "positive inotropy", "pos": [ 200, 217 ] }
{ "id": "C0128513", "name": "milrinone", "pos": [ 304, 313 ] }
in summary , these results show that significant increases in camp content or capk activation are correlated with positive inotropy in isolated guinea pig papillary muscles with milrinone .
physiologic_effect_of
{ "id": "C1372805", "name": "positive inotropy", "pos": [ 114, 131 ] }
{ "id": "C0128513", "name": "milrinone", "pos": [ 178, 187 ] }
in contrast , the negative chronotropic and negative dromotropic effects of the calcium antagonist verapamil which was investigated for comparison were not influenced by pretreatment with pertussis toxin .
physiologic_effect_of
{ "id": "C1372752", "name": "negative chronotropic", "pos": [ 18, 39 ] }
{ "id": "C0042523", "name": "verapamil", "pos": [ 99, 108 ] }
evidence that central 5-ht2 receptors do not play an important role in the anorectic activity of d-fenfluramine in the rat .
physiologic_effect_of
{ "id": "C2825056", "name": "anorectic activity", "pos": [ 75, 93 ] }
{ "id": "C0015827", "name": "fenfluramine", "pos": [ 99, 111 ] }
the effects of the bradycardic agents alinidine and falipamil , on atrio-ventricular ( av ) conduction were compared with those of other negative chronotropic agents , acetylcholine ( ach ) , carbachol ( cch ) , adenosine and verapamil , in open-chest , anesthetized dogs .
physiologic_effect_of
{ "id": "C1372752", "name": "negative", "pos": [ 137, 145 ] }
{ "id": "C0042523", "name": "verapamil", "pos": [ 226, 235 ] }
these results indicate that increased lipogenesis in gtg-injected mice may be due to an increase in insulin concentration after feeding and that insulin resistance ( assessed by lipogenic response to insulin release ) is apparent in bat before wat and liver .
physiologic_effect_of
{ "id": "C1372378", "name": "increased lipogenesis", "pos": [ 28, 49 ] }
{ "id": "C0021641", "name": "insulin", "pos": [ 200, 207 ] }
enhancing the metabolic rate by increasing the stimulation frequency to 1.0 hz led , after an initial maximum , to a decline of force and heat presumably as the consequence of shortage of oxygen in the muscle core .
physiologic_effect_of
{ "id": "C1372398", "name": "metabolic", "pos": [ 14, 23 ] }
{ "id": "C0030054", "name": "oxygen", "pos": [ 188, 194 ] }
significant bronchodilation was present at 10 minutes to 2 hours after inhalation of salbutamol and at 30 minutes to 8 hours after formoterol .
physiologic_effect_of
{ "id": "C1371299", "name": "bronchodilation", "pos": [ 12, 27 ] }
{ "id": "C0001927", "name": "salbutamol", "pos": [ 85, 95 ] }
kinetic studies demonstrated that the anabolic effects of gh were associated with increased protein synthesis , and amino acid flux studies across the forearm revealed increased uptake of amino acid nitrogen in the gh-treated patients .
physiologic_effect_of
{ "id": "C1372531", "name": "increased protein synthesis", "pos": [ 82, 109 ] }
{ "id": "C0037663", "name": "gh", "pos": [ 215, 217 ] }
the diuretic activity of chlorothiazide and quinethazone compared to placebo therapy was confirmed in both humans and rats , the use of controls was illustrated , and a higher mean sodium-potassium ratio for quinethazone than for chlorothiazide was demonstrated .
physiologic_effect_of
{ "id": "C2266870", "name": "diuretic activity", "pos": [ 4, 21 ] }
{ "id": "C0008273", "name": "chlorothiazide", "pos": [ 230, 244 ] }
with the purpose of studying the interactions between sino-atrial ( s-a ) node and his bundle escape rhythms ( hber ) , negative chronotropic agents ( verapamil , manganese and droperidol ) were directly injected in the canine s-a node through its cannulated and autoperfused artery .
physiologic_effect_of
{ "id": "C1372752", "name": "negative chronotropic", "pos": [ 120, 141 ] }
{ "id": "C0042523", "name": "verapamil", "pos": [ 151, 160 ] }
isoprenaline ( 1 microm ) increased the amplitude of the long-lasting type ca2+ current , but was not effective on the transient type , suggesting that the long-lasting type calcium current may be responsible for the positive chronotropic effect of isoprenaline .
physiologic_effect_of
{ "id": "C1372804", "name": "positive chronotropic", "pos": [ 217, 238 ] }
{ "id": "C0022245", "name": "isoprenaline", "pos": [ 249, 261 ] }
however , ( - ) verapamil was about 5 times as potent in producing a negative chronotropic effect , about 10 times as potent in producing a negative dromotropic effect , and about 15 times as potent in decreasing myocardial oxygen consumption as ( + ) verapamil .
physiologic_effect_of
{ "id": "C1372752", "name": "negative chronotropic", "pos": [ 69, 90 ] }
{ "id": "C0042523", "name": "verapamil", "pos": [ 252, 261 ] }
the degree of bronchodilation seen 120 minutes after the oral salbutamol was equal to that seen 40 minutes after the salbutamol aerosol as assessed by peak expiratory flow ( pef ) , forced vital capacity ( fvc ) , forced expiratory volume in 1 second ( fev1 ) , forced expiratory flow during the middle half of the fvc ( fef25-75 % ) , and maximum expiratory-flow after 75 % of the fvc had been expired ( v25 ) .
physiologic_effect_of
{ "id": "C1371299", "name": "bronchodilation", "pos": [ 14, 29 ] }
{ "id": "C0001927", "name": "salbutamol", "pos": [ 117, 127 ] }
the positive inotropic response of guinea-pig isolated atria to isoprenaline was antagonized to a greater extent than the positive chronotropic response , when measured at 38 degrees c as the reduction of the responses to a single concentration of isoprenaline .
physiologic_effect_of
{ "id": "C1372804", "name": "positive chronotropic", "pos": [ 122, 143 ] }
{ "id": "C0022245", "name": "isoprenaline", "pos": [ 248, 260 ] }
besides possessing negative chronotropic and inotropic effects which were demonstrated by decreased heart rate ( hr ) , cardiac index ( ci ) and double product ( dp ) of the heart , propranolol significantly increased systemic vascular resistance ( svr , 12 % , p less than 0.05 ) and the time constant of left ventricular ( lv ) isovolumic pressure fall ( t , 10 % , p less than 0.01 ) .
physiologic_effect_of
{ "id": "C1372752", "name": "negative chronotropic", "pos": [ 19, 40 ] }
{ "id": "C0033497", "name": "propranolol", "pos": [ 182, 193 ] }
these results confirm that glucagon injected intravenously or regionally produces a prominent positive chronotropic effect and a small positive inotropic effect and suggest that glucagon may be less effective as a cardiotonic agent .
physiologic_effect_of
{ "id": "C1372804", "name": "positive", "pos": [ 94, 102 ] }
{ "id": "C0017687", "name": "glucagon", "pos": [ 178, 186 ] }
the initial positive inotropic and negative chronotropic responses were not affected by propranolol and atropine , respectively .
physiologic_effect_of
{ "id": "C1372752", "name": "negative chronotropic", "pos": [ 35, 56 ] }
{ "id": "C0033497", "name": "propranolol", "pos": [ 88, 99 ] }
when superimposed upon the negative chronotropic effects of verapamil and propranolol , the hyperkalemia precipitated sinus arrest .
physiologic_effect_of
{ "id": "C1372752", "name": "negative chronotropic", "pos": [ 27, 48 ] }
{ "id": "C0042523", "name": "verapamil", "pos": [ 60, 69 ] }
when superimposed upon the negative chronotropic effects of verapamil and propranolol , the hyperkalemia precipitated sinus arrest .
physiologic_effect_of
{ "id": "C1372752", "name": "negative chronotropic", "pos": [ 27, 48 ] }
{ "id": "C0033497", "name": "propranolol", "pos": [ 74, 85 ] }
1-isopropylamino-3- ( 2-methyl-4-indolyloxy ) -2-propanol ( mepindolol , corindolan ) is a beta-adrenoceptor antagonist with significant intrinsic sympathomimetic activity ( isa ) : positive chronotropic effects in atria of the rat amount to 24 % of those elicited by the full agonist isoprenaline .
physiologic_effect_of
{ "id": "C1372804", "name": "positive chronotropic", "pos": [ 182, 203 ] }
{ "id": "C0022245", "name": "isoprenaline", "pos": [ 285, 297 ] }
[ significance of the initial heart rate with regard to the negative chronotropic action of propranolol and quinidine ] .
physiologic_effect_of
{ "id": "C1372752", "name": "negative chronotropic", "pos": [ 60, 81 ] }
{ "id": "C0033497", "name": "propranolol", "pos": [ 92, 103 ] }
the role of sinoatrial beta 1- and beta 2-adrenoceptors mediating positive chronotropic effects of ( - ) -adrenaline and ( - ) -noradrenaline was investigated in rat right atria .
physiologic_effect_of
{ "id": "C1372804", "name": "positive", "pos": [ 66, 74 ] }
{ "id": "C0014563", "name": "adrenaline", "pos": [ 131, 141 ] }
the role of sinoatrial beta 1- and beta 2-adrenoceptors mediating positive chronotropic effects of ( - ) -adrenaline and ( - ) -noradrenaline was investigated in rat right atria .
physiologic_effect_of
{ "id": "C1372804", "name": "positive", "pos": [ 66, 74 ] }
{ "id": "C0028351", "name": "noradrenaline", "pos": [ 128, 141 ] }
these results are consistent with an involvement in the rat of both beta 1-adrenoceptors ( to a major extent ) and beta 2-adrenoceptors [ only at high ( - ) -adrenaline concentrations ] in the positive chronotropic effects of ( - ) -adrenaline .
physiologic_effect_of
{ "id": "C1372804", "name": "positive chronotropic", "pos": [ 193, 214 ] }
{ "id": "C0014563", "name": "adrenaline", "pos": [ 233, 243 ] }
the mean of the change in fev1 throughout the 2-h observation period after nifedipine ( 0.19 +/- 0.08 l ) was significant when compared with baseline ( p less than 0.05 ) and placebo control values ( p less than 0.005 ) but tended to be less than the bronchodilation observed after albuterol .
physiologic_effect_of
{ "id": "C1371299", "name": "bronchodilation", "pos": [ 251, 266 ] }
{ "id": "C0001927", "name": "albuterol", "pos": [ 282, 291 ] }
these results suggest that celiprolol is highly bronchosparing and does not block bronchodilation following the beta 2-agonist terbutaline in propranolol-sensitive asthmatics .
physiologic_effect_of
{ "id": "C1371299", "name": "bronchodilation", "pos": [ 82, 97 ] }
{ "id": "C0039542", "name": "terbutaline", "pos": [ 127, 138 ] }
the potency series for negative chronotropy was diltiazem greater than d600 greater than verapamil greater than lidoflazine greater than bepridil greater than prenylamine greater than perhexiline greater than nifedipine .
physiologic_effect_of
{ "id": "C1372752", "name": "negative chronotropy", "pos": [ 23, 43 ] }
{ "id": "C0012373", "name": "diltiazem", "pos": [ 48, 57 ] }
the potency series for negative chronotropy was diltiazem greater than d600 greater than verapamil greater than lidoflazine greater than bepridil greater than prenylamine greater than perhexiline greater than nifedipine .
physiologic_effect_of
{ "id": "C1372752", "name": "negative chronotropy", "pos": [ 23, 43 ] }
{ "id": "C0042523", "name": "verapamil", "pos": [ 89, 98 ] }
inhibition of carbohydrate digestion by the alpha-glucosidase inhibitor acarbose ( bay g 5421 ) reduces carbohydrate-induced postprandial blood glucose increase and insulin secretion .
physiologic_effect_of
{ "id": "C1372719", "name": "inhibition", "pos": [ 0, 10 ] }
{ "id": "C0050393", "name": "acarbose", "pos": [ 72, 80 ] }
positive chronotropic effects of intravenous norepinephrine were unchanged by sulpiride , suggesting that sympathetic nerve function was facilitated via a presynaptic mechanism .
physiologic_effect_of
{ "id": "C1372804", "name": "positive chronotropic", "pos": [ 0, 21 ] }
{ "id": "C0028351", "name": "norepinephrine", "pos": [ 45, 59 ] }
( a ) effects of pindolol , carteolol , propranolol , alprenolol , practolol and acebutolol ( 0.015-0.3 mumole/kg i.v . ) on blood pressure of anesthetised rats , b ) effects of these drugs on the positive chronotropic action and vasodilation induced by isoprenaline ( 0.1 microgram/kg i.v . ) in anesthetized rats , c ) effects of these drugs on the increase in heart rate and contractile force of isolated rat and guinea pig atria induced by isoprenaline , d ) effects of these drugs on the relaxation of isolated guinea pig trachea induced by isoprenaline .
physiologic_effect_of
{ "id": "C1372804", "name": "positive chronotropic", "pos": [ 197, 218 ] }
{ "id": "C0022245", "name": "isoprenaline", "pos": [ 546, 558 ] }
this disparity reflects the greater bronchodilation effected by isoproterenol as a single agent than by epinephrine , in the dosing schedules and routes of administration chosen .
physiologic_effect_of
{ "id": "C1371299", "name": "bronchodilation", "pos": [ 36, 51 ] }
{ "id": "C0022245", "name": "isoproterenol", "pos": [ 64, 77 ] }
this disparity reflects the greater bronchodilation effected by isoproterenol as a single agent than by epinephrine , in the dosing schedules and routes of administration chosen .
physiologic_effect_of
{ "id": "C1371299", "name": "bronchodilation", "pos": [ 36, 51 ] }
{ "id": "C0014563", "name": "epinephrine", "pos": [ 104, 115 ] }
positive inotropism from digoxin shortened the corrected electromechanical systole ( qs2c ) and the preejection period and increased impedance cardiography [ ( dz/dt ) /rz index ] ;
physiologic_effect_of
{ "id": "C1372805", "name": "positive inotropism", "pos": [ 0, 19 ] }
{ "id": "C0012265", "name": "digoxin", "pos": [ 25, 32 ] }
neither the rate of net proteolysis in the uninjured muscle nor the stimulated net proteolysis in the burned limb muscle could be reduced by 90 % inhibition of pge2 production with aspirin or indomethacin .
physiologic_effect_of
{ "id": "C1371843", "name": "reduced", "pos": [ 130, 137 ] }
{ "id": "C0004057", "name": "aspirin", "pos": [ 181, 188 ] }
neither the rate of net proteolysis in the uninjured muscle nor the stimulated net proteolysis in the burned limb muscle could be reduced by 90 % inhibition of pge2 production with aspirin or indomethacin .
physiologic_effect_of
{ "id": "C1371843", "name": "reduced", "pos": [ 130, 137 ] }
{ "id": "C0021246", "name": "indomethacin", "pos": [ 192, 204 ] }
dspm antagonized the positive chronotropic and dromotropic effects of isoprenaline ( iso ) in vivo , and antagonized the inotropic effects of iso and cacl2 non-competitively in vitro .
physiologic_effect_of
{ "id": "C1372804", "name": "positive chronotropic", "pos": [ 21, 42 ] }
{ "id": "C0022245", "name": "iso", "pos": [ 142, 145 ] }
carvedilol produced competitive antagonism of the beta 1-adrenoceptor mediated positive chronotropic response to isoproterenol in guinea pig atria , and the beta 2-adrenoceptor mediated relaxation to isoproterenol in carbachol ( 1 mumol/l ) precontracted guinea pig trachea , with a dissociation constant ( kb ) for beta 1-adrenoceptors of 0.8 nmol/l and beta 2-adrenoceptors of 1.3 nmol/l .
physiologic_effect_of
{ "id": "C1372804", "name": "positive chronotropic", "pos": [ 79, 100 ] }
{ "id": "C0022245", "name": "isoproterenol", "pos": [ 200, 213 ] }
the decrease in serum k+ is probably caused by decreased hepatic glycogenolysis and attenuation of the suppressive effect of catecholamines on insulin release , both effects being secondary to the ganglionic blocking property of trimethaphan .
physiologic_effect_of
{ "id": "C1371661", "name": "decreased", "pos": [ 47, 56 ] }
{ "id": "C0021641", "name": "insulin", "pos": [ 143, 150 ] }
rna synthesis may be necessary only to maintain the increased secretion of both lh and fsh during a continuous stimulation with lh-rh .
physiologic_effect_of
{ "id": "C1372845", "name": "increased secretion", "pos": [ 52, 71 ] }
{ "id": "C0023610", "name": "lh-rh", "pos": [ 128, 133 ] }
it increased the initial negative chronotropic effect of catecholamines on the heart , and also enhanced the positive chronotropic effect of noradrenaline , kallikrein and bradykinin on the heart .
physiologic_effect_of
{ "id": "C1372804", "name": "positive chronotropic", "pos": [ 109, 130 ] }
{ "id": "C0028351", "name": "noradrenaline", "pos": [ 141, 154 ] }
the effect of binding should be considered in patients who do not have optimal bronchodilation from theophylline despite total serum theophylline concentrations of 10-20 microgram/ml .
physiologic_effect_of
{ "id": "C1371299", "name": "bronchodilation", "pos": [ 79, 94 ] }
{ "id": "C0039771", "name": "theophylline", "pos": [ 133, 145 ] }
in the lipschitz test for diuretic activity , two of the compounds showed significant excretion of urine and sodium and were approximately equivalent in potency to chlorothiazide but with a later onset of activity .
physiologic_effect_of
{ "id": "C2266870", "name": "diuretic activity", "pos": [ 26, 43 ] }
{ "id": "C0008273", "name": "chlorothiazide", "pos": [ 164, 178 ] }
thus , the increased lh secretion rate of post-menopausal women and lhrh-stimulated cycling women was frequently accompanied by a rise in the b : i ratio .
physiologic_effect_of
{ "id": "C1372845", "name": "increased lh", "pos": [ 11, 23 ] }
{ "id": "C0023610", "name": "lhrh", "pos": [ 68, 72 ] }
the negative chronotropic effect of tad , tpd , and ttfd was not influenced by the prior application of atropine , and the positive inotropic effect was not influenced by propranolol .
physiologic_effect_of
{ "id": "C1372752", "name": "negative chronotropic", "pos": [ 4, 25 ] }
{ "id": "C0033497", "name": "propranolol", "pos": [ 171, 182 ] }
desensitization of kitten atria with 30mum ( - ) isoprenaline resulted in a 6-fold and 15-fold increase in the ec50 's of ( - ) isoprenaline for its positive chronotropic effects ( sinus pacemakers ) and positive inotropic effects ( left atria ) , respectively , but only in a 2-fold increase of the ec50 of ( - ) isoprenaline for adenylyl cyclase stimulation in membrane particles from atria .
physiologic_effect_of
{ "id": "C1372804", "name": "positive", "pos": [ 149, 157 ] }
{ "id": "C0022245", "name": "isoprenaline", "pos": [ 314, 326 ] }
the systolic blood pressure and positive chronotropic effects of iso were also significantly blunted by mp .
physiologic_effect_of
{ "id": "C1372804", "name": "positive chronotropic", "pos": [ 32, 53 ] }
{ "id": "C0022245", "name": "iso", "pos": [ 65, 68 ] }
verapamil exerted a greater negative chronotropic effect at low concentrations , but at higher concentrations verapamil and nifedipine were equipotent .
physiologic_effect_of
{ "id": "C1372752", "name": "negative chronotropic", "pos": [ 28, 49 ] }
{ "id": "C0042523", "name": "verapamil", "pos": [ 110, 119 ] }
the same trend was observed in group ii dogs , but at smaller doses of phenylephrine , probably as a result of the positive chronotropic effect of atropine on the heart .
physiologic_effect_of
{ "id": "C1372804", "name": "positive", "pos": [ 115, 123 ] }
{ "id": "C0004259", "name": "atropine", "pos": [ 147, 155 ] }
in anesthethized dogs , low doses of k-351 reduced the heart rate and antagonized the positive chronotropic and hypotensive responses to isoproterenol .
physiologic_effect_of
{ "id": "C1372804", "name": "positive chronotropic", "pos": [ 86, 107 ] }
{ "id": "C0022245", "name": "isoproterenol", "pos": [ 137, 150 ] }
fkk to reduce the tracheal intraluminal pressure ( ilp ) ( bronchodilation ) by 50 % ( ed50 ) , was approximately 5.4-6.2 times more potent than aminophylline and 1/3000-1/4500 as potent as isoproterenol .
physiologic_effect_of
{ "id": "C1371299", "name": "bronchodilation", "pos": [ 59, 74 ] }
{ "id": "C0022245", "name": "isoproterenol", "pos": [ 190, 203 ] }
it is concluded that positive chronotropic effect of phenylephrine has two components : direct action on beta-adrenergic receptors and an indirect action due to norepinephrine release .
physiologic_effect_of
{ "id": "C1372804", "name": "positive chronotropic", "pos": [ 21, 42 ] }
{ "id": "C0028351", "name": "norepinephrine", "pos": [ 161, 175 ] }
however , daily injections of lh-rh from days 5 through 10 postpartum caused an increased secretion in fsh on day 11 postpartum , both basally and in response to lh-rh .
physiologic_effect_of
{ "id": "C1372328", "name": "increased", "pos": [ 80, 89 ] }
{ "id": "C0023610", "name": "lh-rh", "pos": [ 162, 167 ] }
propranolol at 3 x 10 ( -7 ) m remarkably inhibited the positive chronotropic effect of da in both euthyroid and hypothyroid rats , and 1 x 10 ( -6 ) m phentolamine inhibited the effects of da in the presence of propranolol in hypothyroid rats .
physiologic_effect_of
{ "id": "C1372804", "name": "positive chronotropic", "pos": [ 56, 77 ] }
{ "id": "C0031448", "name": "phentolamine", "pos": [ 152, 164 ] }
the positive chronotropic effect of clonidine was unchanged after clemizole , phentolamine , propranolol and atropine but was competitively antagonized by cimetidine ( pa2 = 6.87 +/- 0.18 ) .
physiologic_effect_of
{ "id": "C1372804", "name": "positive chronotropic", "pos": [ 4, 25 ] }
{ "id": "C0031448", "name": "phentolamine", "pos": [ 78, 90 ] }
the positive chronotropic effect of clonidine was unchanged after clemizole , phentolamine , propranolol and atropine but was competitively antagonized by cimetidine ( pa2 = 6.87 +/- 0.18 ) .
physiologic_effect_of
{ "id": "C1372804", "name": "positive chronotropic", "pos": [ 4, 25 ] }
{ "id": "C0004259", "name": "atropine", "pos": [ 109, 117 ] }
vasodilator mediator release followed the positive inotropic , chronotropic , and coronary vasodilator responses of donor hearts to isoprenaline and their exposure to hypoxia .
physiologic_effect_of
{ "id": "C1372804", "name": "positive", "pos": [ 42, 50 ] }
{ "id": "C0022245", "name": "isoprenaline", "pos": [ 132, 144 ] }
these results contrast sharply with the pronounced inhibition of basal gastric acid secretion by cimetidine in man and the possible reasons for this are discussed .
physiologic_effect_of
{ "id": "C1372721", "name": "inhibition", "pos": [ 51, 61 ] }
{ "id": "C0008783", "name": "cimetidine", "pos": [ 97, 107 ] }
these results suggest that when acetylocholine and norepinephrine are present simultaneously in the sa node region , the former interacts predominantly with muscarinic receptors and stimulates the cyclic gmp system , which in effect delays the cyclic amp elevation and reduces the positive chronotropic effect of norepinephrine .
physiologic_effect_of
{ "id": "C1372804", "name": "positive", "pos": [ 281, 289 ] }
{ "id": "C0028351", "name": "norepinephrine", "pos": [ 313, 327 ] }
the order of potencies for inducing the negative chronotropic effect in isolated atrium preparations was verapamil greater than propranolol greater than lidocaine = quinidine greater than phenytoin greater than or equal to disopyramide greater than procainamide .
physiologic_effect_of
{ "id": "C1372752", "name": "negative chronotropic", "pos": [ 40, 61 ] }
{ "id": "C0042523", "name": "verapamil", "pos": [ 105, 114 ] }
the order of potencies for inducing the negative chronotropic effect in isolated atrium preparations was verapamil greater than propranolol greater than lidocaine = quinidine greater than phenytoin greater than or equal to disopyramide greater than procainamide .
physiologic_effect_of
{ "id": "C1372752", "name": "negative chronotropic", "pos": [ 40, 61 ] }
{ "id": "C0033497", "name": "propranolol", "pos": [ 128, 139 ] }
bronchodilation from intravenous theophylline in patients with cystic fibrosis : results of a blinded placebo-controlled crossover clinical trial .
physiologic_effect_of
{ "id": "C1371299", "name": "bronchodilation", "pos": [ 0, 15 ] }
{ "id": "C0039771", "name": "theophylline", "pos": [ 33, 45 ] }
these data suggest a relationship between the degree of stimulation of bone formation by fluoride and the bone concentration of that substance ;
physiologic_effect_of
{ "id": "C1371285", "name": "stimulation", "pos": [ 56, 67 ] }
{ "id": "C0016327", "name": "fluoride", "pos": [ 89, 97 ] }
these results may be explained by reduced platelet aggregation and thrombosis in the microvasculature due to the lower thromboxane/prostacyclin ratios for treated flaps .
physiologic_effect_of
{ "id": "C0855739", "name": "reduced", "pos": [ 34, 41 ] }
{ "id": "C0033567", "name": "prostacyclin", "pos": [ 131, 143 ] }
in addition to negative chronotropic action ( leftward shift along the dt-hr curve ) , prevention of disproportionate dt shortening at peak exercise ( upward shift of the dt-hr curve ) with propranolol through its beneficial action on myocardial ischemia tends to increase myocardial perfusion in patients who , when off propranolol , had ischemic response to exercise .
physiologic_effect_of
{ "id": "C1372752", "name": "negative chronotropic", "pos": [ 15, 36 ] }
{ "id": "C0033497", "name": "propranolol", "pos": [ 321, 332 ] }
these alterations in the extracellular compartment dynamics may be a consequence of the sustained arteriolar vasodilation induced by mx .
physiologic_effect_of
{ "id": "C2266885", "name": "arteriolar vasodilation", "pos": [ 98, 121 ] }
{ "id": "C0026196", "name": "mx", "pos": [ 133, 135 ] }
the positive chronotropic and the inotropic responses of the atria to sympathetic tns and to norepinephrine decreased in the rats diabetic for 8 and 12 weeks .
physiologic_effect_of
{ "id": "C1372804", "name": "positive chronotropic", "pos": [ 4, 25 ] }
{ "id": "C0028351", "name": "norepinephrine", "pos": [ 93, 107 ] }
in isolated rat atria bicuculline ( 10-300 microm ) induced potent positive inotropic and negative chronotropic effects which were not antagonized by propranolol ( 1 microm ) , 6-hydroxydopamine pretreatment ( 50 mg/kg i.v . twice ) , ranitidine ( 3 microm ) or atropine ( 1 microm ) .
physiologic_effect_of
{ "id": "C1372752", "name": "negative", "pos": [ 90, 98 ] }
{ "id": "C0033497", "name": "propranolol", "pos": [ 150, 161 ] }
three weeks of pretreatment with 6-ohda resulted in leftwards shifts of the dose-response curves for the positive chronotropic and inotropic responses of right and left atria to isoprenaline .
physiologic_effect_of
{ "id": "C1372804", "name": "positive chronotropic", "pos": [ 105, 126 ] }
{ "id": "C0022245", "name": "isoprenaline", "pos": [ 178, 190 ] }
these positive chronotropic and inotropic effects produced by phenylephrine and isoproterenol were abolished with propranolol and in the phenylephrine-induced response phentolamine also attenuated the low affinity response and blocked the high affinity response .
physiologic_effect_of
{ "id": "C1372804", "name": "positive chronotropic", "pos": [ 6, 27 ] }
{ "id": "C0022245", "name": "isoproterenol", "pos": [ 80, 93 ] }
these positive chronotropic and inotropic effects produced by phenylephrine and isoproterenol were abolished with propranolol and in the phenylephrine-induced response phentolamine also attenuated the low affinity response and blocked the high affinity response .
physiologic_effect_of
{ "id": "C1372804", "name": "positive chronotropic", "pos": [ 6, 27 ] }
{ "id": "C0031448", "name": "phentolamine", "pos": [ 168, 180 ] }
in contrast the positive chronotropic effects of amrinone and ibmx were observed in the same concentration ranges that produced phosphodiestrease inhibition .
physiologic_effect_of
{ "id": "C1372804", "name": "positive", "pos": [ 16, 24 ] }
{ "id": "C0002697", "name": "amrinone", "pos": [ 49, 57 ] }
overall , five patients were withdrawn due to increased diuresis : two patients on each dosage of piretanide and one receiving bendroflumethiazide .
physiologic_effect_of
{ "id": "C2266870", "name": "increased diuresis", "pos": [ 46, 64 ] }
{ "id": "C0004975", "name": "bendroflumethiazide", "pos": [ 127, 146 ] }
the positive chronotropic responses of spontaneously beating right atria to adrenaline were used as a reference .
physiologic_effect_of
{ "id": "C1372804", "name": "positive", "pos": [ 4, 12 ] }
{ "id": "C0014563", "name": "adrenaline", "pos": [ 76, 86 ] }
the pa2 values of these blockers as antagonists against the positive chronotropic and inotropic actions of isoproterenol were also determined by pharmacological methods using guinea pig atria .
physiologic_effect_of
{ "id": "C1372804", "name": "positive chronotropic", "pos": [ 60, 81 ] }
{ "id": "C0022245", "name": "isoproterenol", "pos": [ 107, 120 ] }
the beta 2-adrenergic agents produce bronchodilation by stimulating production of intracellular cyclic adenosine monophosphate , while theophylline 's mechanism of action is unknown .
physiologic_effect_of
{ "id": "C1371299", "name": "bronchodilation", "pos": [ 37, 52 ] }
{ "id": "C0039771", "name": "theophylline 's", "pos": [ 135, 150 ] }
the dose-response relation between alinidine and frequency is not altered by atropine , and alinidine does not block the positive chronotropic action of isoprenaline .
physiologic_effect_of
{ "id": "C1372804", "name": "positive chronotropic", "pos": [ 121, 142 ] }
{ "id": "C0022245", "name": "isoprenaline", "pos": [ 153, 165 ] }
inhibition of gastric acid secretion by about 50 % using ranitidine , a new h2-receptor antagonist , also decreased the formation of gastric ulcers induced by asa + gastric secretagogue , but the degree of this reduction was significantly smaller than after pgi2 .
physiologic_effect_of
{ "id": "C1372721", "name": "inhibition", "pos": [ 0, 10 ] }
{ "id": "C0034665", "name": "ranitidine", "pos": [ 57, 67 ] }
in the anesthetized dog , diltiazem ( 20 microgram/kg/min , i.v . ) did not affect the iso-induced bronchodilation when histamine was used as a spasmogen , while the positive chronotropic action of iso was diminished .
physiologic_effect_of
{ "id": "C1371299", "name": "bronchodilation", "pos": [ 99, 114 ] }
{ "id": "C0022245", "name": "iso", "pos": [ 198, 201 ] }
in the anesthetized dog , diltiazem ( 20 microgram/kg/min , i.v . ) did not affect the iso-induced bronchodilation when histamine was used as a spasmogen , while the positive chronotropic action of iso was diminished .
physiologic_effect_of
{ "id": "C1372804", "name": "positive chronotropic", "pos": [ 166, 187 ] }
{ "id": "C0022245", "name": "iso", "pos": [ 198, 201 ] }
on the contrary , propranolol ( 30 microgram/kg , i.v . ) potentiated the bronchoconstrictor effect of histamine and suppressed both the bronchodilating and positive chronotropic actions of iso .
physiologic_effect_of
{ "id": "C1372804", "name": "positive chronotropic", "pos": [ 157, 178 ] }
{ "id": "C0022245", "name": "iso", "pos": [ 190, 193 ] }
in summary , diltiazem showed bronchodilation both in vitro and in vivo , although the activity was not so potent , with regard to the iso-induced bronchodilation , diltiazem had no effect at a dose which diminished the positive chronotropic action of iso .
physiologic_effect_of
{ "id": "C1371299", "name": "bronchodilation", "pos": [ 30, 45 ] }
{ "id": "C0022245", "name": "iso", "pos": [ 252, 255 ] }
in summary , diltiazem showed bronchodilation both in vitro and in vivo , although the activity was not so potent , with regard to the iso-induced bronchodilation , diltiazem had no effect at a dose which diminished the positive chronotropic action of iso .
physiologic_effect_of
{ "id": "C1372804", "name": "positive chronotropic", "pos": [ 220, 241 ] }
{ "id": "C0022245", "name": "iso", "pos": [ 252, 255 ] }
bronchodilation by salbutamol was evident in spite of the 6 minutes of exhausting exercise ( p less than 0.0125 ) .
physiologic_effect_of
{ "id": "C1371299", "name": "bronchodilation", "pos": [ 0, 15 ] }
{ "id": "C0001927", "name": "salbutamol", "pos": [ 19, 29 ] }
these results indicate that thc may induce vasoconstriction in the perfused artery of the rabbit through the release of noradrenaline from sympathetic nerve terminals .
physiologic_effect_of
{ "id": "C1371490", "name": "vasoconstriction", "pos": [ 43, 59 ] }
{ "id": "C0028351", "name": "noradrenaline", "pos": [ 120, 133 ] }
according to these results the compound decreased histamine release from rat mast cells induced by different secretagogues ( la 2851 greater than dscg greater than theophylline ) .
physiologic_effect_of
{ "id": "C2267051", "name": "decreased histamine release", "pos": [ 40, 67 ] }
{ "id": "C0012694", "name": "dscg", "pos": [ 146, 150 ] }
nicardipine injected into the sinus node artery of the isolated atrium caused dose-related negative chronotropic and inotropic effects which were less pronounced than those of verapamil .
physiologic_effect_of
{ "id": "C1372752", "name": "negative chronotropic", "pos": [ 91, 112 ] }
{ "id": "C0042523", "name": "verapamil", "pos": [ 176, 185 ] }
a thyroid lobectomy is considered to be the minimal operative procedure usually indicated for a suspicious thyroid nodule or carcinoma involving one lobe of the thyroid gland .
procedure_has_completely_excised_anatomy
{ "id": "C0405532", "name": "thyroid lobectomy", "pos": [ 2, 19 ] }
{ "id": "C0447647", "name": "lobe of", "pos": [ 149, 156 ] }
a 75 per cent gastrectomy and billroth ii gastrojejeunostomy , and a 75 per cent segmental resection of the gastric antrum and corpus and bilateral truncal vagotomy and pyloroplasty .
procedure_has_completely_excised_anatomy
{ "id": "C0192444", "name": "billroth ii", "pos": [ 30, 41 ] }
{ "id": "C0034193", "name": "gastric antrum", "pos": [ 108, 122 ] }
from march 1977 to january 1981 , at the `` '' de gasperis '' '' cardiosurgery center , this prosthesis has been implanted in 644 patients : 283 for mitral valve replacement , 240 for aortic valve replacement , and 121 for the replacement of both mitral and aortic valves .
procedure_has_completely_excised_anatomy
{ "id": "C0003506", "name": "r aortic valve replaceme", "pos": [ 182, 206 ] }
{ "id": "C0003501", "name": "aortic valv", "pos": [ 184, 195 ] }
five early below-knee amputations ( 14 percent ) were required , two due to graft thromboses and three due to progressive foot necrosis despite patent grafts .
procedure_has_completely_excised_anatomy
{ "id": "C0002692", "name": "below-knee amputations", "pos": [ 11, 33 ] }
{ "id": "C0016504", "name": "foot", "pos": [ 122, 126 ] }
this bioprosthesis is secured to the aortic root by the same technique used for aortic valve replacement with aortic valve homografts .
procedure_has_completely_excised_anatomy
{ "id": "C0003506", "name": "aortic valve replacement", "pos": [ 80, 104 ] }
{ "id": "C0003501", "name": "aortic valve", "pos": [ 110, 122 ] }