text stringlengths 57 1.72k | relation stringclasses 125
values | h dict | t dict |
|---|---|---|---|
in parallel experiments with synchronized cell populations , glutathione ( gsh ) and glutathione disulfide levels were measured by the tietze assay and also were found to increase over the same period . | NA | {
"id": "C0017817",
"name": "gsh",
"pos": [
75,
78
]
} | {
"id": "C0061516",
"name": "glutathione disulfide",
"pos": [
85,
106
]
} |
this beneficial effect of bcnu is apparent in both histological groups ( astrocytoma with atypical or anaplastic foci and glioblastoma multiforme ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0004114",
"name": "astrocytoma",
"pos": [
73,
84
]
} | {
"id": "C0017636",
"name": "glioblastoma multiforme",
"pos": [
122,
145
]
} |
cea was shown to be present in each histological type of the tumors studied , invasive ductal tumors being slightly more frequent and more positive than the lobular ones . | NA | {
"id": "C0027652",
"name": "histological type of",
"pos": [
36,
56
]
} | {
"id": "C0027651",
"name": "tumors",
"pos": [
94,
100
]
} |
the loss of albumin , proteins , at iii antigen and at iii functional activity was calculated from the peritoneal dialysate and the corresponding serum levels were measured . | NA | {
"id": "C0001924",
"name": "albumin",
"pos": [
12,
19
]
} | {
"id": "C0033684",
"name": "proteins",
"pos": [
22,
30
]
} |
the rank order of potency of several analogues of adenosine in competing with [ 3h ] neca for binding , was cha greater than l-pia greater than neca greater than cado . | NA | {
"id": "C0001443",
"name": "adenosine",
"pos": [
50,
59
]
} | {
"id": "C0050789",
"name": "neca",
"pos": [
144,
148
]
} |
the low affinity site was also present in membranes not pretreated with adenosine deaminase and , even in this condition , an ic50 of 188.5 +/- 36 nm for neca and an ic50 of 4.35 +/- 0.20 microm for adenosine were found . | NA | {
"id": "C0050789",
"name": "neca",
"pos": [
154,
158
]
} | {
"id": "C0001443",
"name": "adenosine",
"pos": [
199,
208
]
} |
carbamylcholine , norepinephrine , histamine and glutamate stimulated the formation of [ 3h ] inositol phosphates in [ 3h ] inositol-labelled synaptoneurosomes obtained from the cortex , striatum and hippocampus of the guinea pig . | NA | {
"id": "C0021554",
"name": "inositol phosphates",
"pos": [
94,
113
]
} | {
"id": "C0021547",
"name": "inositol",
"pos": [
124,
132
]
} |
a 30-year-old woman with eclampsia developed bilateral posterior parietal and occipital hemorrhages 4 hours after computed tomography demonstrated lucencies indicative of ischemia or infarction within the same regions . | NA | {
"id": "C0022116",
"name": "ischemia",
"pos": [
171,
179
]
} | {
"id": "C0021308",
"name": "infarction",
"pos": [
183,
193
]
} |
we examined the cassette-recorded 24-hour ambulatory eeg findings in children who had either clinically definite seizures or episodic behavioral disturbances not regarded as epileptic on clinical grounds . | NA | {
"id": "C0036572",
"name": "seizures",
"pos": [
113,
121
]
} | {
"id": "C0014544",
"name": "epileptic",
"pos": [
174,
183
]
} |
specific antibody binding activity directed against pituitary tissue was demonstrated in a typical case of poems ( polyneuropathy , organomegaly , endocrinopathy , m protein , and skin changes ) syndrome with paraproteinemia of igg lambda type . | NA | {
"id": "C0032002",
"name": "pituitary",
"pos": [
52,
61
]
} | {
"id": "C0014130",
"name": "endocrinopathy",
"pos": [
147,
161
]
} |
in order to define which receptor-channel complexes are activated by beta-alanine , we performed cross-desensitization experiments between this amino acid and the classical inhibitory neurotransmitters , glycine and gamma-aminobutyric acid ( gaba ) , all of which increase chloride conductances . | NA | {
"id": "C0002520",
"name": "amino",
"pos": [
144,
149
]
} | {
"id": "C0017890",
"name": "glycine",
"pos": [
204,
211
]
} |
there is a spectrum extending from young women in their early twenties with hpv infection alone through their later twenties with hpv and cin and finally women in their thirties and forties with carcinoma-in-situ ( cis ) alone . | NA | {
"id": "C0206708",
"name": "cin",
"pos": [
138,
141
]
} | {
"id": "C0007099",
"name": "carcinoma-in-situ",
"pos": [
195,
212
]
} |
our findings showed that ruptured membranes during the first half of the third trimester occurred in only 1.7 % ( n = 298 ) of 17,877 pregnancies delivered at our institution , yet accounted for 20 % of the total perinatal deaths during the study period . | NA | {
"id": "C0032981",
"name": "third trimester",
"pos": [
73,
88
]
} | {
"id": "C0032961",
"name": "pregnancies",
"pos": [
134,
145
]
} |
ten of 11 hypogonadotropic patients responded to clomiphene or clomiphene-hcg after one to three courses of gonadotropin-releasing hormone treatment . | NA | {
"id": "C0018062",
"name": "hcg",
"pos": [
74,
77
]
} | {
"id": "C0018061",
"name": "gonadotropin",
"pos": [
108,
120
]
} |
among eight normogonadotropic women , four with amenorrhea of one year or less became clomiphene-hcg responders after one or two courses of gonadotropin-releasing hormone treatment . | NA | {
"id": "C0018062",
"name": "hcg",
"pos": [
97,
100
]
} | {
"id": "C0018061",
"name": "gonadotropin",
"pos": [
140,
152
]
} |
the condensed chromatin fractions ( 180-150 s ) from inhibited cells resemble encapsidation intermediates and their dna has a linking number as the dna extracted from purified virions . | NA | {
"id": "C0012854",
"name": "dna",
"pos": [
116,
119
]
} | {
"id": "C0000702",
"name": "a",
"pos": [
156,
157
]
} |
a sequential extraction procedure has been used to prepare three protein fractions from control and mitogen-stimulated [ 32p ] -po4-labelled fibroblasts , the first containing soluble and membrane-bound proteins , the second mainly the cytoskeletal proteins vimentin and actin , and the third , a chromatin-derived fraction enriched in histones . | NA | {
"id": "C0033684",
"name": "protein",
"pos": [
65,
72
]
} | {
"id": "C0025252",
"name": "membrane",
"pos": [
188,
196
]
} |
a sequential extraction procedure has been used to prepare three protein fractions from control and mitogen-stimulated [ 32p ] -po4-labelled fibroblasts , the first containing soluble and membrane-bound proteins , the second mainly the cytoskeletal proteins vimentin and actin , and the third , a chromatin-derived fraction enriched in histones . | NA | {
"id": "C0033684",
"name": "protein",
"pos": [
65,
72
]
} | {
"id": "C0010852",
"name": "cytoskeletal proteins",
"pos": [
236,
257
]
} |
a monoclonal antibody ( moab ) recognizing an epitope common to two genetically distinct cloned lines of plasmodium chabaudi ( as and cb ) , was used to purify a mr250,000 polymorphic schizont antigen ( psa ) from these parasites . | NA | {
"id": "C0003316",
"name": "epitope",
"pos": [
46,
53
]
} | {
"id": "C0003320",
"name": "antigen",
"pos": [
193,
200
]
} |
antibodies are known to be important in mediating malarial immunity , but the influence of the various immunoglobulin isotypes on parasite elimination is unclear . | NA | {
"id": "C0003241",
"name": "antibodies",
"pos": [
0,
10
]
} | {
"id": "C0021017",
"name": "immunoglobulin isotypes",
"pos": [
103,
126
]
} |
our material consisted of 16 patients with common tumours ( 3 ewing 's sarcoma , 5 aneurysmal bone cyst , 6 osteoid osteoma and 2 epidermoid cyst ) and 5 patients with uncommon tumours ( osteoma , simple bone cyst , haemangiopericytoma , capillary angiomatous tumour and benign ossifying fibroma or osteoblastoma ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0152244",
"name": "aneurysmal bone cyst",
"pos": [
83,
103
]
} | {
"id": "C0005937",
"name": "simple bone cyst",
"pos": [
197,
213
]
} |
our material consisted of 16 patients with common tumours ( 3 ewing 's sarcoma , 5 aneurysmal bone cyst , 6 osteoid osteoma and 2 epidermoid cyst ) and 5 patients with uncommon tumours ( osteoma , simple bone cyst , haemangiopericytoma , capillary angiomatous tumour and benign ossifying fibroma or osteoblastoma ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0029441",
"name": "osteoid osteoma",
"pos": [
108,
123
]
} | {
"id": "C0029440",
"name": "osteoma",
"pos": [
187,
194
]
} |
our material consisted of 16 patients with common tumours ( 3 ewing 's sarcoma , 5 aneurysmal bone cyst , 6 osteoid osteoma and 2 epidermoid cyst ) and 5 patients with uncommon tumours ( osteoma , simple bone cyst , haemangiopericytoma , capillary angiomatous tumour and benign ossifying fibroma or osteoblastoma ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0016045",
"name": "benign",
"pos": [
271,
277
]
} | {
"id": "C0206640",
"name": "ossifying fibroma",
"pos": [
278,
295
]
} |
using antibodies to somatomedin c/insulin-like growth factor i ( smc ) produced in rabbits using the recombinant hormone , we have developed a radioimmunoassay for smc . | NA | {
"id": "C0037657",
"name": "somatomedin",
"pos": [
20,
31
]
} | {
"id": "C0021665",
"name": "smc",
"pos": [
164,
167
]
} |
chronically catheterized fetal lambs ( n = 11 , gestational age 111-139 days ) and neonatal lambs ( n = 20 , postnatal age 4-30 days ) were studied to explore during development the relationship of renal hemodynamic responses during hypoxemia to plasma epinephrine concentration ( e ) , plasma norepinephrine concentration ( ne ) , plasma arginine vasopressin concentration ( avp ) , and plasma renin activity ( pra ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0014563",
"name": "epinephrine",
"pos": [
253,
264
]
} | {
"id": "C0028351",
"name": "norepinephrine",
"pos": [
294,
308
]
} |
the nontoxic pyrrole biliverdin had no effect on synapsin i phosphorylation under the experimental conditions used , indicating that the effect was specific to bilirubin . | NA | {
"id": "C0005446",
"name": "biliverdin",
"pos": [
21,
31
]
} | {
"id": "C0005437",
"name": "bilirubin",
"pos": [
160,
169
]
} |
changes in mean portal venous and aortic blood glucose and lactate concentrations after an intragastric infusion of d-glucose to chronically catheterized rats ( after regaining preoperative weight ) were compared to those of acutely catheterized rats ( 1 h after catheter placement ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0005802",
"name": "blood glucose",
"pos": [
41,
54
]
} | {
"id": "C0017725",
"name": "glucose",
"pos": [
118,
125
]
} |
after intragastric infusion of 10 ml of 0.29 m dextrose , mean aortic blood glucose and lactate concentrations in chronically catheterized rats increased 80 and 73 % , respectively , 15 min after infusion and decreased to preinfusion concentrations by 60 min . | NA | {
"id": "C0017725",
"name": "dextrose",
"pos": [
47,
55
]
} | {
"id": "C0005802",
"name": "blood glucose",
"pos": [
70,
83
]
} |
in addition , the fetal and adult sheep fibrinogens were compared by reptilase time , thrombin clotting time , sialic acid content , and the behavior of the n-glycans derived from these fibrinogens on the immobilized lectin , sepharose-concanavalin a . | NA | {
"id": "C0032594",
"name": "glycans",
"pos": [
159,
166
]
} | {
"id": "C0036681",
"name": "sepharose",
"pos": [
226,
235
]
} |
this represents the first demonstration in vivo of the anabolic effects of igf-1 in rapidly growing neonatal rats but suggests that nutritional sufficiency may also be necessary for the full expression of somatomedin effects . | NA | {
"id": "C0021665",
"name": "igf-1",
"pos": [
75,
80
]
} | {
"id": "C0037657",
"name": "somatomedin",
"pos": [
205,
216
]
} |
the use of sn-protoporphyrin or related synthetic heme analogues to diminish the severity of hyperbilirubinemia in newborn infants merits further study because inhibition of the rate-limiting enzyme in the catabolism of heme to bilirubin may prove to be a useful therapeutic approach in the clinical management of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia , especially in settings in which , for social or economic reasons , other treatment modalities are not available . | NA | {
"id": "C0020433",
"name": "hyperbilirubinemia",
"pos": [
93,
111
]
} | {
"id": "C0857007",
"name": "neonatal",
"pos": [
314,
322
]
} |
several arrhythmia-generating mechanisms , such as modulated parasystole , reflection , macro and micro re-entry and block , can be simulated . | NA | {
"id": "C0003811",
"name": "arrhythmia",
"pos": [
8,
18
]
} | {
"id": "C0206068",
"name": "parasystole",
"pos": [
61,
72
]
} |
a compound produced in the melanocyte by nucleophilic addition of cysteine to dopaquinone , 5-s-cysteinyldopa , is present in increased quantities in the plasma and in the urine after different types of pigment-producing uv exposure . | NA | {
"id": "C0010654",
"name": "cysteine",
"pos": [
66,
74
]
} | {
"id": "C0010665",
"name": "cysteinyldopa",
"pos": [
96,
109
]
} |
one min . after administration of a tracer dose of 3h-ch the animals were sacrificed and examined for 3h-total activity , 3h-ch , 3h-acetylcholine ( 3h-ach ) and 3h-phosphorylcholine ( 3h-phch ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0008405",
"name": "ch",
"pos": [
54,
56
]
} | {
"id": "C0031716",
"name": "phosphorylcholine",
"pos": [
165,
182
]
} |
in the midbrain preparation the synthesis of 3h-ach was reduced in group 1 where a significant negative correlation was found between the average threshold dose of choline and both 3h-ach and 3h-phch synthesis . | NA | {
"id": "C0008405",
"name": "choline",
"pos": [
164,
171
]
} | {
"id": "C0031716",
"name": "3h-phch",
"pos": [
192,
199
]
} |
congestive heart failure in rabbits after a single intrapleural administration of a low dose of doxorubicin or epirubicin . | NA | {
"id": "C0013089",
"name": "doxorubicin",
"pos": [
96,
107
]
} | {
"id": "C0014582",
"name": "epirubicin",
"pos": [
111,
121
]
} |
seventeen healthy rabbits were given doxorubicin , 0.1-1.6 mg kg-1 , or epirubicin , 0.4-1.6 mg kg-1 , through a catheter into the right pleural space . | NA | {
"id": "C0013089",
"name": "doxorubicin",
"pos": [
37,
48
]
} | {
"id": "C0014582",
"name": "epirubicin",
"pos": [
72,
82
]
} |
nineteen healthy rabbits were given intrapleural doxorubicin or epirubicin , 0.2 , 0.4 or 0.8 mg kg-1 . | NA | {
"id": "C0013089",
"name": "doxorubicin",
"pos": [
49,
60
]
} | {
"id": "C0014582",
"name": "epirubicin",
"pos": [
64,
74
]
} |
it was concluded that doxorubicin and epirubicin are 40 to 100-fold more cardiotoxic in rabbits when given by the intrapleural route than when given by the intravenous route . | NA | {
"id": "C0013089",
"name": "doxorubicin",
"pos": [
22,
33
]
} | {
"id": "C0014582",
"name": "epirubicin",
"pos": [
38,
48
]
} |
a case of subcardial gastric diverticulum was surgically treated by an original technique which provided good exposure of the lesion and made it possible to sever all adhesions between the diverticulum and adjacent organs . | NA | {
"id": "C0038355",
"name": "gastric diverticulum",
"pos": [
21,
41
]
} | {
"id": "C0012817",
"name": "diverticulum",
"pos": [
189,
201
]
} |
anti-xa activity was significantly higher in the cy 222 group than in the standard heparin group . | NA | {
"id": "C0019139",
"name": "anti-xa",
"pos": [
0,
7
]
} | {
"id": "C0019134",
"name": "heparin",
"pos": [
83,
90
]
} |
the gene for gs alpha ( the alpha subunit of the guanine nucleotide-binding protein gs ) was isolated from human genomic libraries using rat gs alpha cdna as a probe . | NA | {
"id": "C0887847",
"name": "alpha subunit",
"pos": [
28,
41
]
} | {
"id": "C0086903",
"name": "gs alpha",
"pos": [
141,
149
]
} |
i suggest that regions that are easily cleaved by the protease are exposed in the dna-protein complex , whereas those that remain bound to the dna at increasing concentrations of the enzyme represent segments that are in progressively closer proximity to the viral dna origin . | NA | {
"id": "C0012854",
"name": "dna",
"pos": [
82,
85
]
} | {
"id": "C0012939",
"name": "viral dna",
"pos": [
259,
268
]
} |
here we report that the synthetic ecdysteroid 26-iodoponasterone a is one of the most active ecdysones known , inducing half-maximal morphological transformation in drosophila kc167 cells when present at 0.5 nm . | NA | {
"id": "C0058915",
"name": "ecdysteroid",
"pos": [
34,
45
]
} | {
"id": "C0013494",
"name": "ecdysones",
"pos": [
93,
102
]
} |
these two proteins lack protein kinase activity and phorbol ester binding but reveal v8 peptide patterns identical to the active forms of protein kinase c ( 77/80 kda ) of pma-untreated cells . | NA | {
"id": "C0031586",
"name": "phorbol ester",
"pos": [
52,
65
]
} | {
"id": "C0039654",
"name": "pma",
"pos": [
172,
175
]
} |
they actively synthesize dna and express high levels of cytoskeletal mrnas and proteins ( actin , tubulin , cytokeratins , vinculin , alpha-actinin , and desmoplakin ) , while exhibiting low levels of liver-specific mrnas ( albumin , alpha 1-inhibitor iii , and alpha 1-antitrypsin ) and limited synthesis and secretion of albumin . | NA | {
"id": "C0033684",
"name": "proteins",
"pos": [
79,
87
]
} | {
"id": "C0001924",
"name": "albumin",
"pos": [
323,
330
]
} |
as assessed by hplc of the chondroitinase abc digests , the chondroitin [ 35s ] sulfate proteoglycans isolated from these human lung mast cells contain the same unusual chondroitin sulfate e disaccharide that is present in proteoglycans produced by interleukin 3-dependent mucosal-like mouse mast cells . | NA | {
"id": "C0008454",
"name": "chondroitin",
"pos": [
27,
38
]
} | {
"id": "C0008466",
"name": "chondroitin sulfate",
"pos": [
169,
188
]
} |
halide anions ( cl- , br- , and i- ) specifically inhibited high-affinity binding of [ 3h ] metolazone to this site . | NA | {
"id": "C0003075",
"name": "anions",
"pos": [
7,
13
]
} | {
"id": "C0021966",
"name": "i",
"pos": [
112,
113
]
} |
peptides related to the sequences of fgf- ( 24-68 ) -nh2 and fgf- ( 106-115 ) -nh2 inhibit thymidine incorporation into 3t3 fibroblasts when they are stimulated by fgf but have no effect when the cells are treated with either platelet-derived growth factor or epidermal growth factor . | NA | {
"id": "C0016030",
"name": "fibroblasts",
"pos": [
124,
135
]
} | {
"id": "C0007634",
"name": "cells",
"pos": [
196,
201
]
} |
three monoclonal antibodies that react with uracil dna glycosylase of normal human placenta were tested to determine whether one of the antibodies could be used as a negative marker for bloom syndrome . | NA | {
"id": "C0003250",
"name": "monoclonal antibodies",
"pos": [
6,
27
]
} | {
"id": "C0003241",
"name": "antibodies",
"pos": [
136,
146
]
} |
5-methoxytryptamine , a competitor for high-affinity serotonin sites , inhibited this binding and showed a ki of 27.4 nm . | NA | {
"id": "C0000589",
"name": "5-methoxytryptamine",
"pos": [
0,
19
]
} | {
"id": "C0036751",
"name": "serotonin",
"pos": [
53,
62
]
} |
the effect of afgf and bfgf on process extension by solitary rgcs was quantified after 24 hr in culture , a time when neither a fgf nor bfgf enhanced rgc survival . | NA | {
"id": "C0079349",
"name": "afgf",
"pos": [
14,
18
]
} | {
"id": "C0016026",
"name": "fgf",
"pos": [
137,
140
]
} |
the effect of afgf and bfgf on process extension by solitary rgcs was quantified after 24 hr in culture , a time when neither a fgf nor bfgf enhanced rgc survival . | NA | {
"id": "C0016026",
"name": "fgf",
"pos": [
15,
18
]
} | {
"id": "C0380603",
"name": "bfgf",
"pos": [
136,
140
]
} |
the cell-attached and excised inside-out patch-clamp techniques were used to study single-channel characteristics of potassium channels in cultured human and avian fibroblasts . | NA | {
"id": "C0007634",
"name": "cell",
"pos": [
4,
8
]
} | {
"id": "C0016030",
"name": "fibroblasts",
"pos": [
164,
175
]
} |
prevention of the convulsant and hyperalgesic action of strychnine by intrathecal glycine and related amino acids . | NA | {
"id": "C0017890",
"name": "glycine",
"pos": [
82,
89
]
} | {
"id": "C0002520",
"name": "amino acids",
"pos": [
102,
113
]
} |
since a number of recent dopamine receptor distribution studies have indicated a preponderance of d1 compared to d2 dopamine receptor subtypes within the snpr , we examined the relative behavioral functions of these two subtypes within the nigra by studying rotation following unilateral , local injections of a d1 ( skf38393 ) and d2 ( quinpirole ) agonist , significant , dose-dependent contralateral rotation was observed following injections of r , s-skf38393 . | NA | {
"id": "C0034798",
"name": "dopamine receptor",
"pos": [
25,
42
]
} | {
"id": "C0058698",
"name": "d2 dopamine receptor",
"pos": [
113,
133
]
} |
the synthetic opioid met-enkephalin analog [ d-ala2 , mephe4 , met ( 0 ) 5ol ] enkephalin ( damme ) and the opiate morphine injected intraperitoneally to rats at doses of 0.5-2 and 5-20 mg/kg , respectively , showed a protective effect on gastric damage induced by oral administration of necrotizing agents ( 0.6 n hcl or 0.2 n naoh solutions , 1 ml/rat ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0014295",
"name": "met-enkephalin",
"pos": [
21,
35
]
} | {
"id": "C0014298",
"name": "enkephalin",
"pos": [
79,
89
]
} |
the synthetic opioid met-enkephalin analog [ d-ala2 , mephe4 , met ( 0 ) 5ol ] enkephalin ( damme ) and the opiate morphine injected intraperitoneally to rats at doses of 0.5-2 and 5-20 mg/kg , respectively , showed a protective effect on gastric damage induced by oral administration of necrotizing agents ( 0.6 n hcl or 0.2 n naoh solutions , 1 ml/rat ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0014295",
"name": "met-enkephalin",
"pos": [
21,
35
]
} | {
"id": "C0949300",
"name": "damme",
"pos": [
92,
97
]
} |
when administered to animals demonstrating sustained ventricular tachycardia ( n = 6 ) , methyl lidocaine ( 5 and 10 mg/kg i.v . ) prevented the induction of the original ventricular tachycardia in 2 dogs , and in the remaining 4 dogs slowed the tachycardia ( cycle length 163 +/- 18 ms vs. 198 +/- 11 and 219 +/- 11 ms , respectively , p less than 0.05 ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0042514",
"name": "ventricular tachycardia",
"pos": [
53,
76
]
} | {
"id": "C0039231",
"name": "tachycardia",
"pos": [
246,
257
]
} |
the number of peripheral lung interstitial mononuclear cells was twice baseline from week 3 and included accumulation of lymphocytes , fibroblasts , and intravascular macrophages . | NA | {
"id": "C0007634",
"name": "the",
"pos": [
0,
3
]
} | {
"id": "C0016030",
"name": "fibroblasts",
"pos": [
135,
146
]
} |
our results are summarized as follows : ( 1 ) cho cells maintained the same relationship between phe and phi in four different media or buffers ( mccoy 's 5a medium buffered with co2 and nahco3 or 4- ( 2-hydroxyethyl ) -1-piperazineethanesulfonic acid ( hepes ) and 2- ( n-morpholino ) ethanesulfonic acid ( mes ) , krebs-ringer bicarbonate solution , and krebs-ringer phosphate solution ) with phi being 0.05 to 0.20 ph units higher than phe as it varied from 7.0 to 6.4 ; | NA | {
"id": "C0074722",
"name": "nahco3",
"pos": [
187,
193
]
} | {
"id": "C0005367",
"name": "bicarbonate",
"pos": [
329,
340
]
} |
among other parameters , varying blood flow values may be responsible for tumor-to-tumor variabilities in the radiobiologically hypoxic cell fraction of experimental rodent tumors . | NA | {
"id": "C0027651",
"name": "tumor",
"pos": [
74,
79
]
} | {
"id": "C0027659",
"name": "experimental",
"pos": [
153,
165
]
} |
to test whether changes in tumor blood flow may be caused by anesthetic agents often used in radiobiology , the effect of injectable and inhalational anesthetics and of neuroleptic , neuroleptanalgesic , and sedative agents on blood flow in subcutaneous ds-carcinosarcomas implanted in sprague-dawley rats has been investigated using the 85kr clearance technique . | NA | {
"id": "C0002932",
"name": "anesthetic agents",
"pos": [
61,
78
]
} | {
"id": "C0242903",
"name": "inhalational anesthetics",
"pos": [
137,
161
]
} |
pharmacological doses of pentagastrin or gastrin are known to stimulate cell proliferation in normal colonic epithelium but the growth-promoting effect of gastrin on colon carcinoma is still controversial . | NA | {
"id": "C0030859",
"name": "pentagastrin",
"pos": [
25,
37
]
} | {
"id": "C0017151",
"name": "gastrin",
"pos": [
155,
162
]
} |
the cellular uptake at the blood-tissue interface of the blood-cerebrospinal fluid ( csf ) barrier to tyrosyl-3,5- [ 3h ] enkephalin- [ 5-l-leucine ] ( abbreviated to leu-enkephalin ) and of its synthetic analogue d-alanine2-tyrosyl-3,5- [ 3h ] enkephalin- [ 5-d-leucine ] ( abbreviated to d-ala2-d-leu5-enkephalin ) was studied in the isolated perfused choroid plexuses from the lateral ventricles of the sheep , using the rapid ( less than 30 s ) , single circulation , paired-tracer dilution technique , in which d- [ 14c ] -mannitol serves as an extracellular marker . | NA | {
"id": "C0014294",
"name": "leu-enkephalin",
"pos": [
167,
181
]
} | {
"id": "C0014298",
"name": "enkephalin",
"pos": [
304,
314
]
} |
the addition to the bolus of l-tyrosine ( 5 mm ) , bch ( 10 mm ) or bacitracin ( 2 mm ) reduced the 3h-radioactivity uptake by the choroid plexus of both enkephalins by 20-40 % , the degree of inhibition being greater for [ 3h ] -leu-enkephalin than for its analogue . | NA | {
"id": "C0014298",
"name": "enkephalins",
"pos": [
154,
165
]
} | {
"id": "C0014294",
"name": "leu-enkephalin",
"pos": [
230,
244
]
} |
the interscalene approach to the brachial plexus was chosen for comparison of bupivacaine hydrochloride 0.5 % and carbonated bupivacaine 0.5 % . | NA | {
"id": "C0887621",
"name": "bupivacaine hydrochloride",
"pos": [
78,
103
]
} | {
"id": "C0006400",
"name": "bupivacaine",
"pos": [
125,
136
]
} |
the goal of this open-labeled clinical study on 30 patients was to find out which dosage of co2-lidocaine 1.1 % ( = lidocaine hcl 1 % ) would provide clinically acceptable analgesia for surgical procedures on the lower extremities under combined sciatic-femoral block . | NA | {
"id": "C0023660",
"name": "lidocaine",
"pos": [
96,
105
]
} | {
"id": "C0546869",
"name": "lidocaine hcl",
"pos": [
116,
129
]
} |
negram-citrat ( 0.66 g nalidixic acid plus 4 g sodium citrate , nac ) twice daily for five days was evaluated in 257 women with symptoms of acute lower urinary tract infection and nalidixic acid sensitive bacteriuria . | NA | {
"id": "C0042029",
"name": "of",
"pos": [
137,
139
]
} | {
"id": "C0004659",
"name": "bacteriuria",
"pos": [
205,
216
]
} |
a randomized trial of 5 g/m2 of ifosfamide versus 1.5 g/m2 of cyclophosphamide noted a higher response rate for ifosfamide with less myelosuppression . | NA | {
"id": "C0010583",
"name": "cyclophosphamide",
"pos": [
62,
78
]
} | {
"id": "C0020823",
"name": "ifosfamide",
"pos": [
112,
122
]
} |
besides frank aids , hiv infection also appears to lead to epidemic-level increases in a variety of fatal infections among iv drug users . | NA | {
"id": "C0001175",
"name": "aids",
"pos": [
14,
18
]
} | {
"id": "C0019693",
"name": "hiv",
"pos": [
21,
24
]
} |
two forms of il-1 have been cloned ( il-1 beta and il-1 alpha ) , and studies of recombinant il-1 preparations have confirmed that fever and the broad spectrum of host responses to infection and injury are indeed mediated by this substance . | NA | {
"id": "C0600251",
"name": "il-1 alpha",
"pos": [
51,
61
]
} | {
"id": "C0021755",
"name": "recombinant il-1",
"pos": [
81,
97
]
} |
attention is drawn to the mode of development of spondylolysis/spondylolisthesis and to the fact that the articular processes of the small vertebrae can exercise an action on the pars interarticularis only if the latter are in oblique position . | NA | {
"id": "C0038018",
"name": "spondylolysis",
"pos": [
49,
62
]
} | {
"id": "C0038016",
"name": "spondylolisthesis",
"pos": [
63,
80
]
} |
it is pointed out that the requisite obliqueness of the pars interarticularis is only possible in conjunction with lordosis , so that the latter is an essential condition for the pathogenesis of spondylolysis/spondylolisthesis . | NA | {
"id": "C0038018",
"name": "spondylolysis",
"pos": [
195,
208
]
} | {
"id": "C0038016",
"name": "spondylolisthesis",
"pos": [
209,
226
]
} |
it is also pointed out that excessive load due to upright position of the subject is the triggering factor for spondylolysis/spondylolisthesis , because it is only from this position that the articular processes of the small vertebrae can exercise an action on the pars interarticularis . | NA | {
"id": "C0038018",
"name": "spondylolysis",
"pos": [
111,
124
]
} | {
"id": "C0038016",
"name": "spondylolisthesis",
"pos": [
125,
142
]
} |
in four-footed animals there is no excessive load on the articular processes because they do not walk or sit upright , which means the articular processes can not act on the pars interarticularis to trigger spondylolysis/spondylolisthesis . | NA | {
"id": "C0038018",
"name": "spondylolysis",
"pos": [
207,
220
]
} | {
"id": "C0038016",
"name": "spondylolisthesis",
"pos": [
221,
238
]
} |
likewise , there are no vibrations of the vertebral column with lordosis as the inevitable result and consequently there is no spondylolysis/spondylolisthesis . | NA | {
"id": "C0038018",
"name": "spondylolysis",
"pos": [
127,
140
]
} | {
"id": "C0038016",
"name": "spondylolisthesis",
"pos": [
141,
158
]
} |
hence , it is only in humans that the preconditions and triggering factors for spondylolysis/spondylolisthesis exist at all . | NA | {
"id": "C0038018",
"name": "spondylolysis",
"pos": [
79,
92
]
} | {
"id": "C0038016",
"name": "spondylolisthesis",
"pos": [
93,
110
]
} |
the sera from patients suffering from other autoimmune diseases such as autoimmune thyroiditis and systemic lupus erythematosus ( sle ) do not appear to be reactive for these specificities , but sera from patients with sjogren 's syndrome , psoriatic arthritis , and crohn 's disease showed a weak cross-reactivity with the 70 kda polypeptide . | NA | {
"id": "C0004364",
"name": "autoimmune diseases",
"pos": [
44,
63
]
} | {
"id": "C0024141",
"name": "systemic lupus",
"pos": [
99,
113
]
} |
moab bh6 reacted in elisa with purified c3c , but not with c3dg , both as capture antibody and in tests with the fragments absorbed to the solid phase . | NA | {
"id": "C0003250",
"name": "moab",
"pos": [
0,
4
]
} | {
"id": "C0003241",
"name": "antibody",
"pos": [
82,
90
]
} |
the monoclonal antibody moab bh6 , which is specific for a c3 neoepitope expressed on c3b , ic3b , and c3c , was used as capture antibody . | NA | {
"id": "C0003250",
"name": "moab",
"pos": [
24,
28
]
} | {
"id": "C0003241",
"name": "antibody",
"pos": [
129,
137
]
} |
detection antibody was a polyclonal rabbit anti-human c3c followed by development with a peroxidase-conjugated anti-rabbit ig antiserum . | NA | {
"id": "C0003241",
"name": "antibody",
"pos": [
10,
18
]
} | {
"id": "C0020960",
"name": "antiserum",
"pos": [
126,
135
]
} |
regardless of whether the antibodies were injected before or after the antigen , they suppressed not only the response to the antigenic determinant they bound to , but also the response to other epitopes on the same antigen . | NA | {
"id": "C0003316",
"name": "epitopes",
"pos": [
195,
203
]
} | {
"id": "C0003320",
"name": "antigen",
"pos": [
216,
223
]
} |
the transition from the expression of alpha , the first set of five herpes simplex virus genes expressed after infection , to beta and gamma genes , expressed later in infection , requires the participation of infected cell protein 4 ( alpha 4 ) , the major viral regulatory protein . | NA | {
"id": "C0033684",
"name": "protein",
"pos": [
224,
231
]
} | {
"id": "C0042736",
"name": "viral",
"pos": [
258,
263
]
} |
the nucleotide sequence of the mutant gene contains a single nucleotide change resulting in a threonine-to-alanine substitution at amino acid 241 . | NA | {
"id": "C0001898",
"name": "alanine",
"pos": [
107,
114
]
} | {
"id": "C0002520",
"name": "amino acid",
"pos": [
131,
141
]
} |
three classes of mechanisms are described for such distal actions : tracking or translocation of a protein along a dna , the association of two proteins bound at separate sites to form a dna loop in between , and distal interactions that are affected by the topology of the dna . | NA | {
"id": "C0000702",
"name": "a dna",
"pos": [
113,
118
]
} | {
"id": "C0012854",
"name": "dna",
"pos": [
274,
277
]
} |
these results indicate that il-1 may be an intrinsic neuromodulator in central nervous system pathways that mediate various metabolic functions of the acute phase reaction , including the body temperature changes that produce the febrile response . | NA | {
"id": "C0005904",
"name": "body temperature changes",
"pos": [
188,
212
]
} | {
"id": "C0015967",
"name": "febrile",
"pos": [
230,
237
]
} |
since tumor cells may contain both tissue plasminogen activator and a urokinase-like plasminogen activator , the balance between tumor-mediated fibrin formation and fibrinolysis becomes an important issue in assessing antimetastatic treatment protocols . | NA | {
"id": "C0032143",
"name": "tissue plasminogen activator",
"pos": [
35,
63
]
} | {
"id": "C0032144",
"name": "plasminogen activator",
"pos": [
85,
106
]
} |
mechanisms of action of heparin : applications to the development of derivatives of heparin and heparinoids with antithrombotic properties . | NA | {
"id": "C0019134",
"name": "heparin",
"pos": [
24,
31
]
} | {
"id": "C0019142",
"name": "heparinoids",
"pos": [
96,
107
]
} |
since 1924 , when ependymomas were first classified as a distinctive glial neoplasm by bailey , much has been published concerning these tumors , but there are important points of interest that are still not clear . | NA | {
"id": "C0014474",
"name": "ependymomas",
"pos": [
18,
29
]
} | {
"id": "C0017638",
"name": "glial",
"pos": [
69,
74
]
} |
from 1978 through august 1986 , 32 patients with lymph node metastases of the neck and unknown primary tumor were treated at the radiotherapeutic hospital of the university erlangen-nurnberg . | NA | {
"id": "C0027627",
"name": "metastases",
"pos": [
60,
70
]
} | {
"id": "C0027667",
"name": "unknown primary tumor",
"pos": [
87,
108
]
} |
[ synchronization of tumor cells with 5-fluorouracil plus uracil and with vinblastine and irradiation of the synchronized cultures . a contribution to combined radio-chemotherapy ] . | NA | {
"id": "C0016360",
"name": "5-fluorouracil",
"pos": [
38,
52
]
} | {
"id": "C0041917",
"name": "uracil",
"pos": [
58,
64
]
} |
formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine ( fmlp ) , a synthetic , acylated tripeptide analogous to bacterial chemotactic factors , has been shown to cause bronchoconstriction in guinea pig , rabbit , and human airways in vitro . | NA | {
"id": "C0027229",
"name": "formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine",
"pos": [
0,
37
]
} | {
"id": "C0008013",
"name": "chemotactic factors",
"pos": [
106,
125
]
} |
the difference in [ 14c ] mirex disposition between the three treatment groups was not due to alterations in metabolism or elimination . | NA | {
"id": "C0025519",
"name": "metabolism",
"pos": [
109,
119
]
} | {
"id": "C0221102",
"name": "elimination",
"pos": [
123,
134
]
} |
eighteen hours after alcohol administration ( 1/2 ld50 dose , po ) , cs2 microsomal mfo metabolism was significantly enhanced , in order of descending potency , by isopropanol , methanol , and ethanol pretreatments , but not by isobutanol pretreatment . | NA | {
"id": "C0022237",
"name": "isopropanol",
"pos": [
164,
175
]
} | {
"id": "C0001962",
"name": "ethanol",
"pos": [
193,
200
]
} |
eighteen hours after alcohol administration ( 1/2 ld50 dose , po ) , cs2 microsomal mfo metabolism was significantly enhanced , in order of descending potency , by isopropanol , methanol , and ethanol pretreatments , but not by isobutanol pretreatment . | NA | {
"id": "C0001963",
"name": "methanol",
"pos": [
178,
186
]
} | {
"id": "C0001962",
"name": "ethanol",
"pos": [
193,
200
]
} |
unlike other alcohol pretreatments , methanol decreased the total 14c expired during the 3-hr period after cs2 dosing and caused a significant ( twofold ) increase in plasma glutamic-pyruvic transaminase , measured 24 hr after cs2 exposure ( 625 mg/kg ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0001962",
"name": "alcohol",
"pos": [
13,
20
]
} | {
"id": "C0001963",
"name": "methanol",
"pos": [
37,
45
]
} |
the effects of the chlordane-related compounds , cis-chlordane , trans-chlordane , heptachlor , and heptachlor epoxide , on stimulation responses of guinea pig polymorphonuclear leukocytes ( pmns ) were examined . | NA | {
"id": "C0019219",
"name": "heptachlor",
"pos": [
83,
93
]
} | {
"id": "C0019220",
"name": "heptachlor epoxide",
"pos": [
100,
118
]
} |
gamma- , alpha- , and delta-hch inhibited the binding of 3h-tbob ( a ligand for the gaba-a receptor linked chloride channel ) to mouse whole brain membranes with ic50 values of 4.6 , 20.0 , and 31.8 microm , respectively . | NA | {
"id": "C0034807",
"name": "a",
"pos": [
1,
2
]
} | {
"id": "C0055363",
"name": "chloride channel",
"pos": [
107,
123
]
} |
the actions of the hch isomers in the cns appear to be mediated , at least in part , through gaba-a receptor linked chloride channel sites . | NA | {
"id": "C0034807",
"name": "gaba-a",
"pos": [
93,
99
]
} | {
"id": "C0055363",
"name": "chloride channel",
"pos": [
116,
132
]
} |
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