text stringlengths 57 1.72k | relation stringclasses 125
values | h dict | t dict |
|---|---|---|---|
the hypothesized mechanism ( s ) for this inhibition is that sp and its s-containing metabolites specifically inhibit an isozyme of hepatic cytochrome p-450 or sp is a preferred substrate over pc/can for the metabolizing enzymes . | NA | {
"id": "C0022173",
"name": "isozyme",
"pos": [
121,
128
]
} | {
"id": "C0014442",
"name": "enzymes",
"pos": [
221,
228
]
} |
we compared the properties of interferon ( ifn ) induced in peripheral blood mononuclear cells ( pbmc ) by free infectious hiv to that induced by hiv-infected cells fixed with glutaraldehyde . | NA | {
"id": "C1321301",
"name": "peripheral blood",
"pos": [
60,
76
]
} | {
"id": "C0007634",
"name": "cells",
"pos": [
159,
164
]
} |
the ability to induce acid-labile ifn alpha was exerted both by the chronically-infected cell line h9/hiv and by normal pbmc infected in vitro with hiv , while infection of inducers cells with viruses other than hiv made these cells capable of inducing only acid-stable ifn alpha . | NA | {
"id": "C1321301",
"name": "pbmc",
"pos": [
120,
124
]
} | {
"id": "C0007634",
"name": "cells",
"pos": [
227,
232
]
} |
we present evidence that calcitriol ( 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol ) decreases tumor takes and tumor growth of subcutaneous retinoblastomas in athymic mice . | NA | {
"id": "C0006674",
"name": "calcitriol",
"pos": [
25,
35
]
} | {
"id": "C0012328",
"name": "dihydroxycholecalciferol",
"pos": [
43,
67
]
} |
autoradiographic assessment of tritiated thymidine incorporation into trabecular cell dna in a human corneoscleral explant organ culture system demonstrated a basal level of dna replication that increased by 180 % in the two days immediately after alt . | NA | {
"id": "C0012854",
"name": "dna",
"pos": [
86,
89
]
} | {
"id": "C0000702",
"name": "a",
"pos": [
248,
249
]
} |
the changes in concentration of heptachlor epoxide ( hce ) and oxychlordane ( ocd ) were studied in the tissues of beef cattle that had previously grazed pasture contaminated with commercial heptachlor . | NA | {
"id": "C0019220",
"name": "heptachlor epoxide",
"pos": [
32,
50
]
} | {
"id": "C0019219",
"name": "heptachlor",
"pos": [
191,
201
]
} |
in addition , phaso exerted its effects without producing changes in hepatic adenine nucleotides and cyclic amp . | NA | {
"id": "C0001413",
"name": "adenine nucleotides",
"pos": [
77,
96
]
} | {
"id": "C0001455",
"name": "cyclic amp",
"pos": [
101,
111
]
} |
the data indicate that , similarly to the proteinase thrombin , trypsin and trypsin-like proteinases can activate gtp-hydrolysing protein ( s ) that exhibit high affinity for gtp in platelet membranes . | NA | {
"id": "C0030946",
"name": "proteinase",
"pos": [
42,
52
]
} | {
"id": "C0030940",
"name": "proteinases",
"pos": [
89,
100
]
} |
all igf peptides , but especially igf-1 , enhanced the binding of labelled igf-2 to the type 2 receptor of lung fibroblasts . | NA | {
"id": "C0037657",
"name": "igf",
"pos": [
4,
7
]
} | {
"id": "C0021665",
"name": "igf-1",
"pos": [
34,
39
]
} |
all igf peptides , but especially igf-1 , enhanced the binding of labelled igf-2 to the type 2 receptor of lung fibroblasts . | NA | {
"id": "C0037657",
"name": "igf",
"pos": [
4,
7
]
} | {
"id": "C0021666",
"name": "igf-2",
"pos": [
75,
80
]
} |
both igf-1 and -3n : igf-1 bound only to the type 1 igf receptor in l6 myoblasts , rat vascular smooth-muscle cells and human lung fibroblasts . | NA | {
"id": "C0007634",
"name": "cells",
"pos": [
110,
115
]
} | {
"id": "C0016030",
"name": "fibroblasts",
"pos": [
131,
142
]
} |
it showed cross-reactivity with antibodies raised against rat liver microsomal glutathione transferase , but not with any of the available antisera raised against cytosolic glutathione transferases . | NA | {
"id": "C0003241",
"name": "antibodies",
"pos": [
32,
42
]
} | {
"id": "C0020960",
"name": "antisera",
"pos": [
139,
147
]
} |
the ratios of the polyphosphoinositides to phosphatidylinositol in both exponential-phase s49 cells and mitogen-stimulated thymocytes ( g1 phase ) were greater than in quiescent ( g0-phase ) thymocytes . | NA | {
"id": "C0071655",
"name": "polyphosphoinositides",
"pos": [
18,
39
]
} | {
"id": "C0031621",
"name": "phosphatidylinositol",
"pos": [
43,
63
]
} |
we compared the effects of the tumour-promoting phorbol ester tetradecanoylphorbol acetate ( tpa ) and of insulin on 3-o-methylglucose transport and on the distribution of d-glucose-inhibitable cytochalasin-b binding sites in isolated rat adipocytes . | NA | {
"id": "C0031586",
"name": "phorbol ester",
"pos": [
48,
61
]
} | {
"id": "C0039654",
"name": "tetradecanoylphorbol",
"pos": [
62,
82
]
} |
when combinations of cytokines were examined the addition of ifn-gamma with either il1 alpha , il1 beta or murine il1 produced a synergistic increase in cellular fru ( 2,6 ) p2 . | NA | {
"id": "C0600251",
"name": "il1 alpha",
"pos": [
83,
92
]
} | {
"id": "C0021755",
"name": "il1",
"pos": [
114,
117
]
} |
some peptides may have been formed by cleavage of basic prps , but other phosphoproteins apparently contributed little to the observed phosphopeptides . | NA | {
"id": "C0030956",
"name": "peptides",
"pos": [
5,
13
]
} | {
"id": "C0031684",
"name": "phosphopeptides",
"pos": [
135,
150
]
} |
our findings demonstrate that sasd fibroblasts degrade the sialoglycoprotein but , unlike normal cells , accumulate the liberated c7-sialic acid along with sialyloligosaccharides in their lysosomes . | NA | {
"id": "C0016030",
"name": "fibroblasts",
"pos": [
35,
46
]
} | {
"id": "C0007634",
"name": "normal cells",
"pos": [
90,
102
]
} |
electrophoretic analysis in the presence of 33 % glycerol of purified myosin from normal human muscle shows three distinct protein bands which are identified as type 1 , 2b , and 2a myosin heavy chain ( mhc ) isoforms by affinity-purified polyclonal antibodies . | NA | {
"id": "C0033684",
"name": "protein",
"pos": [
123,
130
]
} | {
"id": "C0597298",
"name": "isoforms",
"pos": [
209,
217
]
} |
it is conceivable that this protein may play a role in triggering the antibody- and glucose-starvation-mediated activation of hexose transport and in myogenic differentiation . | NA | {
"id": "C0017725",
"name": "glucose",
"pos": [
84,
91
]
} | {
"id": "C0019494",
"name": "hexose",
"pos": [
126,
132
]
} |
the tumour-promoting phorbol ester , phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate ( pma ) , when added to the perfused liver , stimulates glycogenolysis 2-fold . | NA | {
"id": "C0031586",
"name": "phorbol ester",
"pos": [
21,
34
]
} | {
"id": "C0039654",
"name": "phorbol",
"pos": [
37,
44
]
} |
these results may have biological significance , particularly for proteins in lipid environments ( e.g . membrane proteins and lipoproteins ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0033684",
"name": "proteins",
"pos": [
66,
74
]
} | {
"id": "C0025252",
"name": "membrane",
"pos": [
105,
113
]
} |
these results may have biological significance , particularly for proteins in lipid environments ( e.g . membrane proteins and lipoproteins ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0023779",
"name": "lipid",
"pos": [
78,
83
]
} | {
"id": "C0023820",
"name": "lipoproteins",
"pos": [
127,
139
]
} |
relative to cell dna , brown adipocytes had lower activities of triacylglycerol-synthesizing enzymes and showed lower rates of metabolic flux into acylglycerols than did white adipocytes isolated from the same animals . | NA | {
"id": "C0041004",
"name": "triacylglycerol",
"pos": [
64,
79
]
} | {
"id": "C0017860",
"name": "acylglycerols",
"pos": [
147,
160
]
} |
diabetes decreased both metabolic flux into acylglycerols and the activities of triacylglycerol-synthesizing enzymes in white adipocytes . | NA | {
"id": "C0017860",
"name": "acylglycerols",
"pos": [
44,
57
]
} | {
"id": "C0041004",
"name": "triacylglycerol",
"pos": [
80,
95
]
} |
by contrast , although diabetes decreased metabolic flux into brown-adipocyte acylglycerols by 80 % , there were no decreases in the activities of triacylglycerol-synthesizing enzymes , and the activity of pph was significantly increased . | NA | {
"id": "C0017860",
"name": "acylglycerols",
"pos": [
78,
91
]
} | {
"id": "C0041004",
"name": "triacylglycerol",
"pos": [
147,
162
]
} |
hypothyroidism increased metabolic flux into acylglycerols in both cell types , and increased activities of all triacylglycerol-synthesizing enzymes in brown adipocytes . | NA | {
"id": "C0017860",
"name": "acylglycerols",
"pos": [
45,
58
]
} | {
"id": "C0041004",
"name": "triacylglycerol",
"pos": [
112,
127
]
} |
the binding of oleic acid to human serum albumin causes progressive changes in ( a ) the pk of some amino acid residues , as detected by ph-stat titration and ( b ) the induced molar ellipticities of albumin-bound drugs ( diazepam and oxyphenbutazone ) , as measured by c.d . | NA | {
"id": "C0304925",
"name": "human serum albumin",
"pos": [
29,
48
]
} | {
"id": "C0001924",
"name": "albumin",
"pos": [
200,
207
]
} |
it is concluded that albumin undergoes several conformational transitions as the amount of oleic acid bound increases from 0 to about 9 molecules/molecule of protein . | NA | {
"id": "C0001924",
"name": "albumin",
"pos": [
21,
28
]
} | {
"id": "C0033684",
"name": "protein",
"pos": [
158,
165
]
} |
this raises the question as to whether type ii cells are also a potential site for synthesis of prothrombin and possibly other vitamin k-dependent clotting factors . | NA | {
"id": "C0033706",
"name": "prothrombin",
"pos": [
96,
107
]
} | {
"id": "C0005789",
"name": "clotting factors",
"pos": [
147,
163
]
} |
the activities of mg2+-atpase ( mg2+-activated atpase ) , ( ca2+ + mg2+ ) -activated atpase and ( na+ + k+ ) -activated atpase have been determined in microsomes ( microsomal fractions ) obtained from rat myometrium under different hormonal conditions . | NA | {
"id": "C0001477",
"name": "mg2",
"pos": [
18,
21
]
} | {
"id": "C0001473",
"name": "atpase",
"pos": [
120,
126
]
} |
the activities of mg2+-atpase ( mg2+-activated atpase ) , ( ca2+ + mg2+ ) -activated atpase and ( na+ + k+ ) -activated atpase have been determined in microsomes ( microsomal fractions ) obtained from rat myometrium under different hormonal conditions . | NA | {
"id": "C0001473",
"name": "atpase",
"pos": [
23,
29
]
} | {
"id": "C0001479",
"name": "na",
"pos": [
237,
239
]
} |
the mechanism of tumor ablation and cutaneous photosensitization by these photosensitizers is thought to relate to the generation of one or more reactive oxygen species such as superoxide anion , singlet oxygen and hydroxyl radical . | NA | {
"id": "C0162772",
"name": "reactive",
"pos": [
145,
153
]
} | {
"id": "C0074565",
"name": "singlet oxygen",
"pos": [
196,
210
]
} |
the complete sequence of the amyloid protein shows homology to the vascular ( beta-protein ) and plaque amyloid ( a4-protein ) obtained from alzheimer 's disease . | NA | {
"id": "C1456454",
"name": "amyloid protein",
"pos": [
29,
44
]
} | {
"id": "C0002716",
"name": "amyloid",
"pos": [
104,
111
]
} |
tnf impaired the processing of ribosomal precursor 45s rna to 32s rna which resulted in the selective inhibition of 28s rrna . | NA | {
"id": "C0035668",
"name": "rna",
"pos": [
55,
58
]
} | {
"id": "C0035701",
"name": "rrna",
"pos": [
120,
124
]
} |
the tryptic peptide mapping on hplc revealed that gln which was incorporated into the peptide at position 65 was replaced by glu in the natural product . | NA | {
"id": "C0017797",
"name": "gln",
"pos": [
50,
53
]
} | {
"id": "C0061472",
"name": "glu",
"pos": [
125,
128
]
} |
nitrous acid deamination of the mediator resulted in release of inositol phosphate , indicating that the galactosamine and d-chiroinositol are linked . | NA | {
"id": "C0021554",
"name": "inositol phosphate",
"pos": [
64,
82
]
} | {
"id": "C0021547",
"name": "chiroinositol",
"pos": [
125,
138
]
} |
adrenergic agonists competed for icyp binding sites with the following order of potency : ( - ) isoproterenol greater than ( - ) epinephrine much greater than ( - ) norepinephrine which is typical for a beta 2-adrenergic receptor . | NA | {
"id": "C0014563",
"name": "epinephrine",
"pos": [
129,
140
]
} | {
"id": "C0028351",
"name": "norepinephrine",
"pos": [
165,
179
]
} |
taken together these data suggest that i ) the stimulatory effect of ( - ) isoproterenol on testosterone production by cultured fetal leydig cells is mediated through beta 2-adrenergic receptors ii ) , the inability of freshly leydig cells to respond to catecholamines is probably due to post receptor events . | NA | {
"id": "C0022245",
"name": "isoproterenol",
"pos": [
75,
88
]
} | {
"id": "C0007412",
"name": "catecholamines",
"pos": [
254,
268
]
} |
when the human eye lens homogenate which was incubated with [ 14c ] -acetylsalicylic acid ( aspirin ) and separated into alpha- , beta- , and gamma - crystallins by sepharose 6b gel-filtration , the radiolabel was found in all the three crystallins . | NA | {
"id": "C0017030",
"name": "gamma",
"pos": [
142,
147
]
} | {
"id": "C0010422",
"name": "crystallins",
"pos": [
237,
248
]
} |
the significant decreases in the free zeta-amino groups of aspirin treated crystallins as compared to the untreated ones indicate the probable sites of acetylation in the crystallins . | NA | {
"id": "C0666728",
"name": "zeta",
"pos": [
38,
42
]
} | {
"id": "C0010422",
"name": "crystallins",
"pos": [
171,
182
]
} |
there have been stimulation of na+ , k+-atpase , ca+2-atpase and acetylcholine esterase activities in vivo studies at lower concentration of drug or shorter period of treatment with the drug , whereas higher concentrations or longer periods of treatment lead to inhibition in the microsomal membranes of different organs . | NA | {
"id": "C0001479",
"name": "na",
"pos": [
31,
33
]
} | {
"id": "C0001473",
"name": "atpase",
"pos": [
54,
60
]
} |
the enzymatic activities of 7-ethoxyresorufin and aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase , when expressed per cytochrome p-450 content , were identical in microsomes from cells treated with either 3-methylcholanthrene or the combination of 3-methylcholanthrene and 17 alpha-ethynylestradiol . | NA | {
"id": "C0003927",
"name": "aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase",
"pos": [
50,
78
]
} | {
"id": "C0010762",
"name": "cytochrome p-450",
"pos": [
100,
116
]
} |
we examined the effects of the divalent cation calcium ( ca2+ ) and the monovalent cations potassium ( k+ ) and sodium ( na+ ) and different modalities that affect the fluxes of these cations on immunoreactive secretin ( irs ) secretion from canine duodenal mucosa in vitro . | NA | {
"id": "C0007449",
"name": "monovalent",
"pos": [
72,
82
]
} | {
"id": "C0007447",
"name": "cations",
"pos": [
184,
191
]
} |
the influence of 5'-guanylylimidodiphosphate , a stable analog of gtp , on agonist binding , determined directly ( using [ 3h ] oxotremorine-m ) or indirectly ( in [ 3h ] n-methylscopolamine/carbamylcholine competition studies ) , was greatest from 16 to 20 degrees . | NA | {
"id": "C0018366",
"name": "guanylylimidodiphosphate",
"pos": [
20,
44
]
} | {
"id": "C0018353",
"name": "gtp",
"pos": [
66,
69
]
} |
to explore the mechanism of etoposide cytotoxicity , we studied the effect of protein synthesis inhibitor on balb/c 3t3 fibroblasts and ccrf-cem and l1210 leukemia cells by exposing these cell lines to cycloheximide for various periods of time prior to etoposide challenge . | NA | {
"id": "C0016030",
"name": "fibroblasts",
"pos": [
120,
131
]
} | {
"id": "C0007634",
"name": "cells",
"pos": [
164,
169
]
} |
uroporphyrin , heptacarboxylic acid porphyrin and coproporphyrin were the major porphyrins to accumulate when phenobarbital , nifedipine , 3,5-diethoxycarbonyl-2,4,6-trimethylpyridine ( ox-ddc ) and 3,3',4,4'-tetrachorobiphenyl ( tcbp ) were added to chick embryo hepatocyte culture . | NA | {
"id": "C0042093",
"name": "uroporphyrin",
"pos": [
0,
12
]
} | {
"id": "C0032712",
"name": "porphyrins",
"pos": [
80,
90
]
} |
uroporphyrin , heptacarboxylic acid porphyrin and coproporphyrin were the major porphyrins to accumulate when phenobarbital , nifedipine , 3,5-diethoxycarbonyl-2,4,6-trimethylpyridine ( ox-ddc ) and 3,3',4,4'-tetrachorobiphenyl ( tcbp ) were added to chick embryo hepatocyte culture . | NA | {
"id": "C0009988",
"name": "coproporphyrin",
"pos": [
50,
64
]
} | {
"id": "C0032712",
"name": "porphyrins",
"pos": [
80,
90
]
} |
however , in freeze-thawed homogenates , angiotensin ii and his-leu were detectable together with the tetrapeptide , angiotensin ( 1-4 ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0003009",
"name": "angiotensin ii",
"pos": [
41,
55
]
} | {
"id": "C0003018",
"name": "angiotensin",
"pos": [
117,
128
]
} |
using a specific elisa method , we have shown that the cytochrome p-452 isoenzyme is induced up to ten fold by hypolipidaemic challenge , concomitant with a pronounced elevation of the peroxisomal beta-oxidation enzymes , mirrored by an increase in peroxisomal volume as determined morphometrically . | NA | {
"id": "C0022173",
"name": "isoenzyme",
"pos": [
72,
81
]
} | {
"id": "C0014442",
"name": "enzymes",
"pos": [
212,
219
]
} |
norepinephrine ( ne ) and epinephrine ( epi ) concentrations ( ng/mg protein ) in left ventricle were 12.19 +/- 0.94 for ne and 0.165 +/- 0.038 for epi in mnra/har , and 8.73 +/- 0.95 and 0.018 +/- 0.018 , respectively , in mr/har . | NA | {
"id": "C0028351",
"name": "ne",
"pos": [
6,
8
]
} | {
"id": "C0014563",
"name": "epi",
"pos": [
148,
151
]
} |
this was evident for enzyme substrates with 5'-hydroxyl groups [ 2'-deoxyuridine ( durd ) , 2'-deoxythymidine ( dthd ) and 5-iodo-2'-deoxyuridine ( idurd ) ] , feedback inhibitors with 5'-triphosphate substitutions ( dutp , dttp and idutp ) , and for 5'-amino derivatives [ 5'-amino-2',5'-dideoxyuridine ( 5'-adurd ) , 5'-amino-2'-5'-dideoxythymidine ( 5'-adthd ) and 5-iodo-5'-amino-2',5'-dideoxyuridine ( 5'-aidurd ) ] . | NA | {
"id": "C0011535",
"name": "deoxyuridine",
"pos": [
68,
80
]
} | {
"id": "C0020811",
"name": "5-iodo-2",
"pos": [
123,
131
]
} |
the effects of neomycin on ca2+ fluxes and inositol polyphosphates in hepatocytes were investigated since it has been proposed that this antibiotic inhibits inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate formation in fibroblasts [ d. h. carney , d. l. scott , e. a. gordon and e. f. labelle , cell 42 , 479 ( 1985 ) ] . | NA | {
"id": "C0016030",
"name": "fibroblasts",
"pos": [
198,
209
]
} | {
"id": "C0007634",
"name": "cell",
"pos": [
274,
278
]
} |
heparan sulfate ( hs ) was the predominant gag of the cell layer accounting for 32-49 % of the total gags depending on the time in culture . | NA | {
"id": "C0019143",
"name": "heparan sulfate",
"pos": [
0,
15
]
} | {
"id": "C0017973",
"name": "gags",
"pos": [
101,
105
]
} |
while hs was always found to be a minor component , the other gags were present in about equal concentrations . | NA | {
"id": "C0019143",
"name": "hs",
"pos": [
6,
8
]
} | {
"id": "C0017973",
"name": "gags",
"pos": [
62,
66
]
} |
influence of apolipoprotein e polymorphism on plasma lipid and apolipoprotein levels , and clinical characteristics of type iii hyperlipoproteinemia due to apolipoprotein e phenotype e2/2 in japan . | NA | {
"id": "C0003595",
"name": "apolipoprotein e",
"pos": [
13,
29
]
} | {
"id": "C0003591",
"name": "apolipoprotein",
"pos": [
156,
170
]
} |
when delipidated apo b from tissue-treated [ 125i ] ldl was subjected to sds-page , autoradiograms demonstrated , in addition to the b-100 band of apo b , a doublet of higher molecular weight than b-100 and a band just entering the gel , both at the expense of the b-100 band . | NA | {
"id": "C0003593",
"name": "apo b",
"pos": [
17,
22
]
} | {
"id": "C0205666",
"name": "b-100",
"pos": [
265,
270
]
} |
cholesterol ester content in ldl ( ldl-ce ) was significantly lower than that of control subjects ( 37 +/- 4 % vs. 41 +/- 2 % of total lipids , p less than 0.01 ) , while the triglyceride content ( ldl-tg ) and apo b to cholesterol ratios in ldl were significantly higher than those of controls ( 18 +/- 7 vs. 10 +/- 2 , p less than 0.001 ; 1.21 +/- 0.19 vs. 0.73 +/- 0.05 , p less than 0.001 , respectively ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0023824",
"name": "cholesterol",
"pos": [
0,
11
]
} | {
"id": "C0008377",
"name": "cholesterol",
"pos": [
220,
231
]
} |
the effects of a fish oil supplement on lipid and lipoprotein levels , platelet function , and vital signs were investigated in 31 hypercholesterolemic patients . | NA | {
"id": "C0023779",
"name": "lipid",
"pos": [
40,
45
]
} | {
"id": "C0023820",
"name": "lipoprotein",
"pos": [
50,
61
]
} |
the present study assessed the role of complement as a mediator of myocardial inflammation by quantifying products of complement activation including , the terminal complement complex ( tcc ) the cytolytic component of the complement system , c1rc1s-c1 inhibitor complex and c3bbbp complex , formed following activation of the classical and alternative pathway , respectively , and anaphylatoxins c3a and c5a in 41 patients following ami . | NA | {
"id": "C0009498",
"name": "complement",
"pos": [
39,
49
]
} | {
"id": "C0009545",
"name": "terminal complement complex",
"pos": [
156,
183
]
} |
the present study assessed the role of complement as a mediator of myocardial inflammation by quantifying products of complement activation including , the terminal complement complex ( tcc ) the cytolytic component of the complement system , c1rc1s-c1 inhibitor complex and c3bbbp complex , formed following activation of the classical and alternative pathway , respectively , and anaphylatoxins c3a and c5a in 41 patients following ami . | NA | {
"id": "C0009498",
"name": "complement",
"pos": [
39,
49
]
} | {
"id": "C0002791",
"name": "anaphylatoxins",
"pos": [
382,
396
]
} |
the present study assessed the role of complement as a mediator of myocardial inflammation by quantifying products of complement activation including , the terminal complement complex ( tcc ) the cytolytic component of the complement system , c1rc1s-c1 inhibitor complex and c3bbbp complex , formed following activation of the classical and alternative pathway , respectively , and anaphylatoxins c3a and c5a in 41 patients following ami . | NA | {
"id": "C0002791",
"name": "anaphylatoxins",
"pos": [
382,
396
]
} | {
"id": "C0009510",
"name": "c3a",
"pos": [
397,
400
]
} |
when one considers the potential for bad outcome if meckel 's diverticulum is missed in the setting of possible obstruction or hemorrhage ( i.e. , bowel infarction or exsanguination ) , a high index of suspicion and diagnostic aggressiveness is warranted . | NA | {
"id": "C0019080",
"name": "hemorrhage",
"pos": [
127,
137
]
} | {
"id": "C0232100",
"name": "exsanguination",
"pos": [
167,
181
]
} |
the 0.85 power of body weight thereby provides a reference standard for the direct arithmetic comparison of liver asat activities in six species with different body weights . | NA | {
"id": "C0005910",
"name": "body weight",
"pos": [
18,
29
]
} | {
"id": "C0005911",
"name": "different body weights",
"pos": [
150,
172
]
} |
the differences in lactate and glycogen in group i at 0 hr were not significantly different from the nonhemorrhaged controls , with the exception of the lower liver glycogen concentration ( 58 % of control ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0017911",
"name": "glycogen",
"pos": [
31,
39
]
} | {
"id": "C0023902",
"name": "liver glycogen",
"pos": [
159,
173
]
} |
the competitive inhibition of pd elimination by preadministration of pyrazole ( ki = 44 mumole/kg ) demonstrated that the first step of the biotransformation of pd catalyzed by the nad-dependent dehydrogenase might be the rate-limiting step for its in vivo metabolism . | NA | {
"id": "C0221102",
"name": "elimination",
"pos": [
33,
44
]
} | {
"id": "C0025519",
"name": "metabolism",
"pos": [
257,
267
]
} |
the promyelocytic leukaemia cell line hl-60 differentiates to a macrophage-like cell when exposed to the phorbol ester 12-o-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate ( tpa ) and other agents which activate protein kinase c . | NA | {
"id": "C0031586",
"name": "phorbol ester",
"pos": [
105,
118
]
} | {
"id": "C0039654",
"name": "12-o-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate",
"pos": [
119,
155
]
} |
it is important to recognise a separate malignant lymphoma in a patient with hodgkin 's disease because of the different treatment offered for each of these diseases . | NA | {
"id": "C0024299",
"name": "malignant lymphoma",
"pos": [
40,
58
]
} | {
"id": "C0019829",
"name": "hodgkin 's disease",
"pos": [
77,
95
]
} |
these mutations directed the substitution of glu-219 by gln , or of lys-203 by ile , or of glu-196 by ala . | NA | {
"id": "C0017797",
"name": "gln",
"pos": [
56,
59
]
} | {
"id": "C0061472",
"name": "glu",
"pos": [
91,
94
]
} |
the substitution of glu-219 by gln resulted in a strain which was unable to utilise succinate as sole carbon source and had a growth-yield characteristic of an uncoupled strain . | NA | {
"id": "C0061472",
"name": "glu",
"pos": [
20,
23
]
} | {
"id": "C0017797",
"name": "gln",
"pos": [
31,
34
]
} |
prior studies have suggested that the lipid composition and lipid fluidity of cellular membranes of various organs are altered in the hypothyroid rat . | NA | {
"id": "C0023779",
"name": "lipid",
"pos": [
38,
43
]
} | {
"id": "C0025249",
"name": "lipid",
"pos": [
60,
65
]
} |
invoking the intercalation model , a linear variation of the deuterium quadrupole splittings of the choline segments with the surface charge density was observed , suggesting that the phosphocholine head-group may act as a 'molecular electrometer ' with respect to surface charges . | NA | {
"id": "C0008405",
"name": "choline",
"pos": [
100,
107
]
} | {
"id": "C0031716",
"name": "phosphocholine",
"pos": [
184,
198
]
} |
the cl-/anion exchange was further characterized in brush-border membrane vesicles from both rat ileum and jejunum by studying the inhibitory action of various anions on the cl- driven i- uptake . | NA | {
"id": "C0003075",
"name": "anions",
"pos": [
160,
166
]
} | {
"id": "C0021966",
"name": "i",
"pos": [
185,
186
]
} |
the effects of up to 20 mol % incorporation of all-trans-retinol ( vitamin a ) , retinal ( vitamin a aldehyde ) and retinoic acid ( vitamin a acid ) on acyl chain order and dynamics in liquid crystalline dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine membranes at ph 7.5 were studied by electron spin resonance ( esr ) of 5- , 7- , 10- , 12- and 16-doxyl spin-labelled stearic acids intercalated into the membrane . | NA | {
"id": "C0042839",
"name": "vitamin a",
"pos": [
67,
76
]
} | {
"id": "C0040845",
"name": "vitamin a acid",
"pos": [
132,
146
]
} |
the pi effluent profile coincides with the pattern of the pulse when it activates only the ca2+-independent atpase , it appears delayed when the pulse activates only extra pi production by the ( ca2+ + mg2+ ) -atpase , and it includes a rapid and a delayed component when both ca2+-independent and ca2+-dependent atpases are activated simultaneously by the pulse . | NA | {
"id": "C0001473",
"name": "atpase",
"pos": [
108,
114
]
} | {
"id": "C0001476",
"name": "ca2",
"pos": [
298,
301
]
} |
the excitation spectrum monitored at 525 nm closely resembled that of flavin compounds ( riboflavin , fad , fmn ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0035527",
"name": "riboflavin",
"pos": [
89,
99
]
} | {
"id": "C0016388",
"name": "fmn",
"pos": [
108,
111
]
} |
the effect of lithium treatment has been studied on the fluorescence polarization of synaptosomal plasma membrane and artificial lipid vesicles and on the lipid composition of the membranes . | NA | {
"id": "C0023779",
"name": "lipid",
"pos": [
129,
134
]
} | {
"id": "C0025249",
"name": "lipid",
"pos": [
155,
160
]
} |
we therefore suggest that membrane proteins should be purified by conventional methods in the presence of sds and that the purified proteins , which are in a denatured state , are allowed to renature . | NA | {
"id": "C0025252",
"name": "membrane proteins",
"pos": [
26,
43
]
} | {
"id": "C0033684",
"name": "proteins",
"pos": [
132,
140
]
} |
( i ) smears of fresh liver exposed to a mild h2o2 ( 1.0 mm ) injury for 10 min at 37 degrees c , develop a 'peroxide-induced autofluorescence ' ( piaf ) on the membrane proteins . | NA | {
"id": "C0020281",
"name": "h2o2",
"pos": [
46,
50
]
} | {
"id": "C0031180",
"name": "peroxide",
"pos": [
109,
117
]
} |
however , on standing the cerebrosides separated into discrete gel phases in all mixtures but one , that in which hfa galactocerebrosides were mixed with sphingomyelin and cholesterol . | NA | {
"id": "C0007805",
"name": "cerebrosides",
"pos": [
26,
38
]
} | {
"id": "C0016960",
"name": "galactocerebrosides",
"pos": [
118,
137
]
} |
binding of the acetyl-coa analogue , carboxymethyl-coa , could not be detected in the mutant protein indicating that the lack of catalytic competence is due primarily to the inability of the protein to bind the second substrate , acetyl-coa . | NA | {
"id": "C1564139",
"name": "mutant protein",
"pos": [
86,
100
]
} | {
"id": "C0033684",
"name": "protein",
"pos": [
191,
198
]
} |
incubation of the cells with hdl labeled with [ 3h ] cholesterol or [ 3h ] cholesteryl linoleate resulted in 4-6-fold greater uptake of the free cholesterol compared to esterified cholesterol . | NA | {
"id": "C0008377",
"name": "cholesterol",
"pos": [
53,
64
]
} | {
"id": "C0008387",
"name": "esterified cholesterol",
"pos": [
169,
191
]
} |
the differential uptake and utilization of free and esterified cholesterol was further examined using egg phosphatidylcholine liposomes containing cholesterol or cholesteryl linoleate as a probe . | NA | {
"id": "C0008387",
"name": "esterified cholesterol",
"pos": [
52,
74
]
} | {
"id": "C0008377",
"name": "cholesterol",
"pos": [
147,
158
]
} |
the predominant protein in ascites fluid was albumin , present at 1.9 % of the plasma level . | NA | {
"id": "C0033684",
"name": "protein",
"pos": [
16,
23
]
} | {
"id": "C0001924",
"name": "albumin",
"pos": [
45,
52
]
} |
7.5-15 min after injection , the 14c/3h ratio of the triacylglycerols remaining in plasma was about half of that in the injected chylomicrons , indicating that the chylomicron remnants formed retained relatively more [ 3h ] 20:4 than [ 14c ] 18:2 . | NA | {
"id": "C0008731",
"name": "chylomicrons",
"pos": [
129,
141
]
} | {
"id": "C0443616",
"name": "chylomicron remnants",
"pos": [
164,
184
]
} |
the partially purified enzyme revealed a high specificity towards 5,6-epoxide leukotrienes ( lta4 and its methyl ester ) , while rat cytosolic glutathione s-transferases catalyzed conjugation of glutathione to various positional isomers of epoxide leukotrienes . | NA | {
"id": "C0125631",
"name": "lta4",
"pos": [
93,
97
]
} | {
"id": "C0023545",
"name": "leukotrienes",
"pos": [
248,
260
]
} |
cell lysates of mouse peritoneal macrophages , in the presence of reduced glutathione , converted leukotriene lta4 to ltc4 , and neither ltd4 nor lte4 was detected . | NA | {
"id": "C0023545",
"name": "leukotriene",
"pos": [
98,
109
]
} | {
"id": "C0125631",
"name": "lta4",
"pos": [
110,
114
]
} |
these results indicate that human newborn plasma contains at least three neurohypophysial peptides , avp , ot and avt . | NA | {
"id": "C0032017",
"name": "neurohypophysial peptides",
"pos": [
73,
98
]
} | {
"id": "C0030095",
"name": "ot",
"pos": [
107,
109
]
} |
these results indicate that human newborn plasma contains at least three neurohypophysial peptides , avp , ot and avt . | NA | {
"id": "C0032017",
"name": "neurohypophysial peptides",
"pos": [
73,
98
]
} | {
"id": "C0042418",
"name": "avt",
"pos": [
114,
117
]
} |
anterior neural tube defects ( exencephaly , anencephaly , encephalocele , and cranial neural tube defect with facial cleft ) were induced most frequently . | NA | {
"id": "C0002902",
"name": "anencephaly",
"pos": [
45,
56
]
} | {
"id": "C0027794",
"name": "neural tube defect",
"pos": [
87,
105
]
} |
the present study examined the relationship between 24-hr urinary catecholamine ( norepinephrine and epinephrine ) output and measures of platelet adenylate cyclase ( ac ) activity in depressed patients ( n = 17 ) and control subjects ( n = 10 ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0028351",
"name": "norepinephrine",
"pos": [
82,
96
]
} | {
"id": "C0014563",
"name": "epinephrine",
"pos": [
101,
112
]
} |
in both groups , significant inverse correlations were observed when 24-hr urinary catecholamine levels were examined in relation to measures of both receptor-mediated ( prostaglandin d2 and alpha 2-adrenergic ) and postreceptor-mediated ( naf ) platelet ac enzyme activities , suggesting that circulating catecholamines may regulate platelet ac by heterologous ( agonist-nonspecific ) desensitization of the ac enzyme complex . | NA | {
"id": "C0014442",
"name": "enzyme",
"pos": [
258,
264
]
} | {
"id": "C0026741",
"name": "enzyme complex",
"pos": [
412,
426
]
} |
we conclude that the clinical and pathologic diagnosis of htlv-i-related lymphoma can be difficult and can be confused with hodgkin 's disease . | NA | {
"id": "C0024299",
"name": "lymphoma",
"pos": [
73,
81
]
} | {
"id": "C0019829",
"name": "hodgkin 's disease",
"pos": [
124,
142
]
} |
we studied the effect of tumor necrosis factor ( tnf ) and gamma interferon ( ifn-gamma ) , alone and in combination , on the expression of chemotactic peptide receptors , stimulus-induced actin polymerization , hydrogen peroxide production ( h2o2 ) , and expression of nonspecific esterase ( nse ) positivity in human promyelocytic leukemic cell line hl-60 . | NA | {
"id": "C0031180",
"name": "peroxide",
"pos": [
221,
229
]
} | {
"id": "C0020281",
"name": "h2o2",
"pos": [
243,
247
]
} |
two monoclonal antibodies ( ln-4 , ln-5 ) reactive to human macrophages in b5 formalin-fixed , paraffin-embedded tissue sections have been produced by using deparaffinized cell extracts of peripheral blood mononuclear cells . | NA | {
"id": "C0007634",
"name": "cell",
"pos": [
172,
176
]
} | {
"id": "C1321301",
"name": "peripheral blood mononuclear cells",
"pos": [
189,
223
]
} |
all four gamma-globin genes were isolated from a cosmid library , and allelic pairs of gamma-globin genes were distinguished by linkage to either the beta s- or beta a-globin gene . | NA | {
"id": "C0017033",
"name": "gamma-globin",
"pos": [
9,
21
]
} | {
"id": "C0005221",
"name": "beta",
"pos": [
161,
165
]
} |
antibodies directed toward types 1 , 3 , and 4 abh- , x- and lewis-related antigenic determinants were always negative because the small amounts of abh and lewis antigens adsorbed from the serum could not be detected by these techniques . | NA | {
"id": "C0003316",
"name": "antigenic determinants",
"pos": [
75,
97
]
} | {
"id": "C0003320",
"name": "antigens",
"pos": [
162,
170
]
} |
conditioned media harvested from ril2-stimulated ( greater than 100 u/ml ) peripheral blood mononuclear cells , t cells , leu-2 cells , and leu-3 cells all had erythroid burst-promoting activity ( bpa ) but lacked myeloid colony-stimulating factor ( gm-csf ) or cfu-gm-inhibitory activity . | NA | {
"id": "C1321301",
"name": "peripheral blood mononuclear cells",
"pos": [
75,
109
]
} | {
"id": "C0007634",
"name": "cells",
"pos": [
146,
151
]
} |
effects of hematopoietin-1 and interleukin 1 activities on early hematopoietic cells of the bone marrow . | NA | {
"id": "C0600251",
"name": "hematopoietin-1",
"pos": [
11,
26
]
} | {
"id": "C0021755",
"name": "interleukin 1",
"pos": [
31,
44
]
} |
of 28 patients , 18 had been positive for hiv antibody since at least 1985 and their hiv infection by blood products went back 3-6 years . | NA | {
"id": "C0019699",
"name": "positive for hiv",
"pos": [
29,
45
]
} | {
"id": "C0019693",
"name": "hiv infection",
"pos": [
85,
98
]
} |
in a retrospective analysis of 199 cases of myeloproliferative diseases a concomitant plasma cell dyscrasia was found in three out of 46 patients with idiopathic myelofibrosis . | NA | {
"id": "C0027022",
"name": "myeloproliferative diseases",
"pos": [
44,
71
]
} | {
"id": "C0001815",
"name": "idiopathic myelofibrosis",
"pos": [
151,
175
]
} |
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