text stringlengths 57 1.72k | relation stringclasses 125
values | h dict | t dict |
|---|---|---|---|
neonates given halothane anaesthesia showed decreased hormonal responses to operation , with significant differences between the two groups in the changes in adrenaline , noradrenaline , and cortisol concentrations and the ratio of insulin to glucagon concentration . | NA | {
"id": "C0014563",
"name": "adrenaline",
"pos": [
158,
168
]
} | {
"id": "C0028351",
"name": "noradrenaline",
"pos": [
171,
184
]
} |
the tgf activity was measured by a normal rat kidney transformation assay ( nrka ) , a 125i-egf radioreceptor assay ( rra ) , and a radioimmunoassay ( ria ) for tgf-alpha . | NA | {
"id": "C0040691",
"name": "tgf",
"pos": [
4,
7
]
} | {
"id": "C0040688",
"name": "tgf-alpha",
"pos": [
161,
170
]
} |
the aim of the study documented in this was to determine sada variations in 27 patients suffering from malignant lymphomas ( hodgkin 's and non-hodgkin 's ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0024299",
"name": "malignant",
"pos": [
103,
112
]
} | {
"id": "C0024305",
"name": "non-hodgkin 's",
"pos": [
140,
154
]
} |
and diffuse immunoblastic lymphomas expressed transferrin receptors less often than the other high-grade histologic subtypes of non-hodgkin 's lymphoma . | NA | {
"id": "C0079746",
"name": "immunoblastic lymphomas",
"pos": [
12,
35
]
} | {
"id": "C0024305",
"name": "non-hodgkin 's",
"pos": [
128,
142
]
} |
it was also determined that the phorbol ester 12-o-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate reduces egf binding to the high affinity receptors of a-431r-1 cells ; | NA | {
"id": "C0031586",
"name": "phorbol ester",
"pos": [
32,
45
]
} | {
"id": "C0039654",
"name": "12-o-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate",
"pos": [
46,
82
]
} |
the production of 6-keto-pgf1 alpha ( mean , 12.2 ; 95 % ci from 7.7 to 19.3 ng/mg protein/min ) and that of txb2 ( mean , 4.8 ; 95 % ci from 2.1 to 11.9 ng/mg protein/min ) by benign cystic tumors ( n = 12 ) was normal . | NA | {
"id": "C0033684",
"name": "protein",
"pos": [
83,
90
]
} | {
"id": "C0027642",
"name": "protein",
"pos": [
160,
167
]
} |
( c ) no or small effects were observed after gestoden , levonorgestrel and the androgens testosterone and methyltestosterone . | NA | {
"id": "C0039601",
"name": "testosterone",
"pos": [
90,
102
]
} | {
"id": "C0025826",
"name": "methyltestosterone",
"pos": [
107,
125
]
} |
the hpv16 c127 cells contained viral dna at high copy numbers integrated at random sites in the c127 genome , while the bpv1 c127 , as expected , contained episomal bpv1 dna molecules . | NA | {
"id": "C0012939",
"name": "viral dna",
"pos": [
31,
40
]
} | {
"id": "C0012854",
"name": "dna molecules",
"pos": [
170,
183
]
} |
murine monoclonal antibodies of the immunoglobulin g2a isotype interact with human effector cells to mediate antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity ( adcc ) directed against malignant cells which express antigens recognized by these antibodies . gamma-interferon enhances these effects in vitro . | NA | {
"id": "C0021017",
"name": "immunoglobulin",
"pos": [
36,
50
]
} | {
"id": "C0003241",
"name": "antibodies",
"pos": [
235,
245
]
} |
the inducing activity of two heparin binding growth factors hbgf-1 ( prostate epithelial cell growth factor ; acidic pi ) and hbgf-2 ( fibroblast growth factor ; basic pi ) from bovine brain has been tested on totipotent ectoderm from early amphibian ( xenopus laevis , ambystoma mexicanum ) embryos . | NA | {
"id": "C0079349",
"name": "heparin binding growth factors",
"pos": [
29,
59
]
} | {
"id": "C0016026",
"name": "fibroblast growth factor",
"pos": [
135,
159
]
} |
the inducing activity of two heparin binding growth factors hbgf-1 ( prostate epithelial cell growth factor ; acidic pi ) and hbgf-2 ( fibroblast growth factor ; basic pi ) from bovine brain has been tested on totipotent ectoderm from early amphibian ( xenopus laevis , ambystoma mexicanum ) embryos . | NA | {
"id": "C0380603",
"name": "hbgf-2",
"pos": [
126,
132
]
} | {
"id": "C0016026",
"name": "fibroblast growth factor",
"pos": [
135,
159
]
} |
the increase in amount of detergent-unextractable cell surface proteins with b-cell maturation suggested that differentiation of b lymphocytes was accompanied by development of specific interactions between surface proteins and elements of the cytoskeleton or membrane matrix . | NA | {
"id": "C0033684",
"name": "proteins",
"pos": [
63,
71
]
} | {
"id": "C0025252",
"name": "surface proteins",
"pos": [
207,
223
]
} |
the results confirm that the influenza virus nucleoprotein ( np ) is the predominant protein recognized by balb/c cytotoxic t lymphocyte ( ctl ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0028612",
"name": "nucleoprotein",
"pos": [
45,
58
]
} | {
"id": "C0033684",
"name": "protein",
"pos": [
85,
92
]
} |
plasma epinephrine ( pe ) , plasma norepinephrine ( pne ) , plasma renin activity ( pra ) , mean arterial pressure ( map ) and heart rate ( hr ) were measured before , during and after induced hypotension in two groups of patients undergoing cerebral aneurysm surgery . | NA | {
"id": "C0014563",
"name": "epinephrine",
"pos": [
7,
18
]
} | {
"id": "C0028351",
"name": "norepinephrine",
"pos": [
35,
49
]
} |
mean pe fell significantly during hypotension and remained reduced after hypotension , mean pne remained unchanged , while mean pra rose slightly but not significantly during hypotension , falling again after hypotension . | NA | {
"id": "C0014563",
"name": "pe",
"pos": [
5,
7
]
} | {
"id": "C0028351",
"name": "pne",
"pos": [
92,
95
]
} |
the duration of both were significantly prolonged by added norepinephrine from 96 +/- 17 min to 193 +/- 20 min ( sensory blockade ) and from 116 +/- 14 min to 204 +/- 34 min ( motor blockade ) , but were not changed by addition of epinephrine . | NA | {
"id": "C0028351",
"name": "norepinephrine",
"pos": [
59,
73
]
} | {
"id": "C0014563",
"name": "epinephrine",
"pos": [
231,
242
]
} |
these data suggest that a 2.5 micrograms dose of norepinephrine is sufficient to prolong the duration of spinal anaesthesia and more effective than the same dose of epinephrine . | NA | {
"id": "C0028351",
"name": "norepinephrine",
"pos": [
49,
63
]
} | {
"id": "C0014563",
"name": "epinephrine",
"pos": [
165,
176
]
} |
although a prospective randomized study for resection of phaeochromocytoma showed that the choice of the anaesthetic technique is not a crucial factor in determining the patient outcome , we feel this technique of midazolam sufentanil is a worthy alternative to the use of inhalational anaesthetics . | NA | {
"id": "C0002932",
"name": "anaesthetic",
"pos": [
105,
116
]
} | {
"id": "C0242903",
"name": "inhalational anaesthetics",
"pos": [
273,
298
]
} |
two hours after rats ( 200 g ) were given a single i.p . injection of 300 micrograms afb1 containing 50 microci [ 3h ] afb1/100 g body wt , afb1 was found bound to the free nuclear proteins ( 29.7 pmol/mg protein ) , histones ( 20.3 pmol/mg protein ) and chromatin-bound non-histone proteins ( 13.8 pmol/mg protein ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0028589",
"name": "nuclear proteins",
"pos": [
173,
189
]
} | {
"id": "C0019652",
"name": "histone",
"pos": [
275,
282
]
} |
two hours after rats ( 200 g ) were given a single i.p . injection of 300 micrograms afb1 containing 50 microci [ 3h ] afb1/100 g body wt , afb1 was found bound to the free nuclear proteins ( 29.7 pmol/mg protein ) , histones ( 20.3 pmol/mg protein ) and chromatin-bound non-histone proteins ( 13.8 pmol/mg protein ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0028589",
"name": "nuclear proteins",
"pos": [
173,
189
]
} | {
"id": "C0033684",
"name": "protein",
"pos": [
307,
314
]
} |
using nuclear proteins added to the rna synthesizing system in vitro , we found that only the histone fraction had a strong inhibitory effect . | NA | {
"id": "C0028589",
"name": "nuclear proteins",
"pos": [
6,
22
]
} | {
"id": "C0019652",
"name": "histone",
"pos": [
94,
101
]
} |
the macrocyclic lactone bryostatin 1 activates protein kinase c as effectively as the phorbol ester 12-o-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate ( tpa ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0031586",
"name": "phorbol ester",
"pos": [
86,
99
]
} | {
"id": "C0039654",
"name": "phorbol",
"pos": [
119,
126
]
} |
the effects of feeding menhaden oil ( mo ) , rich in omega-3 fatty acids , or supplemental vitamin a [ as retinyl acetate ( ra ) ] , on the growth of du 145 human prostate cancer cells were studied in athymic nude mice . | NA | {
"id": "C0042839",
"name": "vitamin a",
"pos": [
91,
100
]
} | {
"id": "C0073109",
"name": "retinyl acetate",
"pos": [
106,
121
]
} |
after irradiation sterilization , the ra-supplemented diet was found to contain approximately 15 times the amount of vitamin a present in the control diet . | NA | {
"id": "C0073109",
"name": "ra",
"pos": [
8,
10
]
} | {
"id": "C0042839",
"name": "vitamin a",
"pos": [
117,
126
]
} |
supplementation of cocultures of newborn sencar keratinocytes and chinese hamster lung fibroblasts ( v79 cells ) with cudips , 3,5-diisopropylsalicylate ( dips ) , and cuso4 resulted in dose-dependent killings of v79 cells ( ld50 of 34 , 75 , 960 microm , respectively ) , and inhibitions of benzo [ a ] pyrene ( bp ) and 7,12-dimethylbenz [ a ] anthracene ( dmba ) mutagenesis ( ed50 of 13 , 95 , 80 microm , and 40 , 125 , 110 microm , respectively ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0016030",
"name": "fibroblasts",
"pos": [
87,
98
]
} | {
"id": "C0007634",
"name": "cells",
"pos": [
217,
222
]
} |
less morphine was required for ms contin given every 12 hours relative to immediate-release morphine sulfate given every 4 hours ( 186 +/- 22 mg vs. 239 +/- 35 mg ; p = 0.04 ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0026549",
"name": "morphine",
"pos": [
5,
13
]
} | {
"id": "C0066814",
"name": "morphine sulfate",
"pos": [
92,
108
]
} |
to determine if an iron preparation without sulfate produced the same effect , the study was repeated with ferrous gluconate ( 600 mg ) with similar results . | NA | {
"id": "C0302583",
"name": "iron preparation",
"pos": [
19,
35
]
} | {
"id": "C0060277",
"name": "ferrous gluconate",
"pos": [
107,
124
]
} |
the reduced formation of an active metabolite , n-desmethyldiazepam , also suggested that fluoxetine inhibited diazepam 's metabolism . | NA | {
"id": "C0011279",
"name": "desmethyldiazepam",
"pos": [
50,
67
]
} | {
"id": "C0012010",
"name": "diazepam 's",
"pos": [
111,
122
]
} |
magnetic resonance imaging was more sensitive to cerebral abnormalities associated with traumatic unconsciousness and detected parenchymal lesions both in patients in coma and in those who had lost consciousness for only a few minutes . | NA | {
"id": "C0041657",
"name": "unconsciousness",
"pos": [
98,
113
]
} | {
"id": "C0009421",
"name": "coma",
"pos": [
167,
171
]
} |
gtp decreased gpp ( nh ) p-mediated cyclic amp production while increasing naf-mediated cyclic amp production in placental , erythrocyte and testes membranes . | NA | {
"id": "C0018353",
"name": "gtp",
"pos": [
0,
3
]
} | {
"id": "C0018366",
"name": "gpp ( nh ) p",
"pos": [
14,
26
]
} |
co-dominant alleles f and s condition the fast and slow isozymes ( allozymes ) respectively at this enzyme locus . | NA | {
"id": "C0022173",
"name": "isozymes",
"pos": [
56,
64
]
} | {
"id": "C0014442",
"name": "enzyme",
"pos": [
100,
106
]
} |
an isolation method of dna from pneumocystis carinii : a quantitative comparison to known parasitic protozoan dna . | NA | {
"id": "C0012854",
"name": "dna",
"pos": [
23,
26
]
} | {
"id": "C0000702",
"name": "a",
"pos": [
112,
113
]
} |
ascorbate-dependent peroxidation of lipid components of biological membranes is inhibited by the natural histidine-containing dipeptides , carnosine and anserine , used at physiological concentrations . | NA | {
"id": "C0012512",
"name": "dipeptides",
"pos": [
126,
136
]
} | {
"id": "C0007267",
"name": "carnosine",
"pos": [
139,
148
]
} |
ascorbate-dependent peroxidation of lipid components of biological membranes is inhibited by the natural histidine-containing dipeptides , carnosine and anserine , used at physiological concentrations . | NA | {
"id": "C0012512",
"name": "dipeptides",
"pos": [
126,
136
]
} | {
"id": "C0003134",
"name": "anserine",
"pos": [
153,
161
]
} |
since literature reports that the other known single-chained ldh 's from lampreys are definitely of the a type , we suggest the possibility that l. planeri enzyme underwent some orthologous evolution which brought it to resemble the heart isozyme . | NA | {
"id": "C0014442",
"name": "enzyme",
"pos": [
156,
162
]
} | {
"id": "C0022173",
"name": "isozyme",
"pos": [
239,
246
]
} |
delta crystallin , a major lens protein characteristic of birds and reptiles , is homologous to argininosuccinate lyase ; | NA | {
"id": "C0011243",
"name": "delta crystallin",
"pos": [
0,
16
]
} | {
"id": "C0003775",
"name": "argininosuccinate lyase",
"pos": [
96,
119
]
} |
this paper experimentally verifies the idea presented earlier that the contact of nonpolar clusters located on the surface of protein molecules with water destabilizes proteins . | NA | {
"id": "C0025252",
"name": "surface",
"pos": [
115,
122
]
} | {
"id": "C0033684",
"name": "proteins",
"pos": [
168,
176
]
} |
a similar bifunctional organization could thus be the rule for trichoderma cellulases , endoglucanases as well as cellobiohydrolases . | NA | {
"id": "C1260229",
"name": "cellulases",
"pos": [
75,
85
]
} | {
"id": "C0007641",
"name": "endoglucanases",
"pos": [
88,
102
]
} |
a similar bifunctional organization could thus be the rule for trichoderma cellulases , endoglucanases as well as cellobiohydrolases . | NA | {
"id": "C1260229",
"name": "cellulases",
"pos": [
75,
85
]
} | {
"id": "C0059939",
"name": "cellobiohydrolases",
"pos": [
114,
132
]
} |
human endothelial cells stimulate leukotriene synthesis and convert granulocyte released leukotriene a4 into leukotrienes b4 , c4 , d4 and e4 . | NA | {
"id": "C0125631",
"name": "leukotriene a4",
"pos": [
89,
103
]
} | {
"id": "C0023545",
"name": "leukotrienes",
"pos": [
109,
121
]
} |
sonography of gallstones and biliary dilatation without a visible aetiology : the infrequency of obstructing choledocholithiasis . | NA | {
"id": "C0008350",
"name": "gallstones",
"pos": [
14,
24
]
} | {
"id": "C0701818",
"name": "choledocholithiasis",
"pos": [
109,
128
]
} |
however , histoincompatible t cell-b cell conjugates formed by bridging surface immunoglobulin and th cell receptor for antigen ( tcr ) through tnp-conjugated anti-tcr antibodies resulted in the efficient differentiation of tnp-specific b cells . | NA | {
"id": "C0034788",
"name": "receptor",
"pos": [
107,
115
]
} | {
"id": "C0034790",
"name": "tcr",
"pos": [
164,
167
]
} |
the expression of the t cell antigen receptor on subpopulations of extrathymically generated t cells from athymic mice was investigated and compared to antigen receptor expression in normal mice . | NA | {
"id": "C0034790",
"name": "t cell antigen receptor",
"pos": [
22,
45
]
} | {
"id": "C0034788",
"name": "antigen receptor",
"pos": [
152,
168
]
} |
the major surface glycoprotein of leishmania chagasi promastigotes showed crossreactivity with fibronectin ( fn ) , a large glycoprotein that is a major constituent of the extracellular matrix of most mononuclear cells . | NA | {
"id": "C0025248",
"name": "surface glycoprotein",
"pos": [
10,
30
]
} | {
"id": "C0017968",
"name": "glycoprotein",
"pos": [
124,
136
]
} |
aspects being studied include the identification of antigens and epitopes responsible for eliciting protective immunity , the mechanisms of resistance to anthrax infection , the role of specific antibody in resistance , the differences in immunity elicited by living and chemical vaccines , the potential of new adjuvants to augment immunity , and the feasibility of developing safe vaccine strains having mutationally altered toxin genes . | NA | {
"id": "C0003320",
"name": "antigens",
"pos": [
52,
60
]
} | {
"id": "C0003316",
"name": "epitopes",
"pos": [
65,
73
]
} |
we observed that exotoxin a induced the proliferation of athymic nude splenocytes which could be abrogated by heating the toxin at 70 degrees c or by preincubation of the toxin with rabbit anti-exotoxin a antiserum . | NA | {
"id": "C0040549",
"name": "toxin",
"pos": [
20,
25
]
} | {
"id": "C0015309",
"name": "exotoxin",
"pos": [
194,
202
]
} |
hydroxyproline , aspartic acid , serine , valine , proline , and leucine account jointly for 70 % of its amino acids . | NA | {
"id": "C0020388",
"name": "hydroxyproline",
"pos": [
0,
14
]
} | {
"id": "C0033382",
"name": "proline",
"pos": [
51,
58
]
} |
the principal factor preventing dna release appears to be a massive aggregation of partially purified dna-associated material . | NA | {
"id": "C0012854",
"name": "dna",
"pos": [
32,
35
]
} | {
"id": "C0000702",
"name": "a",
"pos": [
123,
124
]
} |
sulfanilazo-modification of tyrosine and histidine residues was practically of no effect in the reaction of haptoglobin with plant lectin , concanavalin a . | NA | {
"id": "C0304052",
"name": "plant lectin",
"pos": [
125,
137
]
} | {
"id": "C0009630",
"name": "concanavalin a",
"pos": [
140,
154
]
} |
gnrh ( 2 micrograms/rat ) and a metabolically stable gnrh agonist ( buserelin ; 1 microgram/rat ) both caused a 6- to 8-fold increase in serum lh and a corresponding reduction ( 23-25 % ) in the amount of lh present in the granules . | NA | {
"id": "C0023610",
"name": "gnrh",
"pos": [
0,
4
]
} | {
"id": "C0006456",
"name": "buserelin",
"pos": [
68,
77
]
} |
rat liver microsomal fraction was treated with several non-ionic , anionic or zwitterionic detergents in order to investigate which is most suitable for subsequent purification of the iodothyronine deiodinase . | NA | {
"id": "C0022023",
"name": "ionic",
"pos": [
59,
64
]
} | {
"id": "C0003075",
"name": "anionic",
"pos": [
67,
74
]
} |
the pharmacokinetics of the trichothecene mycotoxin deoxynivalenol ( don ) was investigated in swine following intravenous ( 0.30 mg , 0.35 microci/kg ) and intragastric ( 0.60 mg , 0.60 microci/kg ) administration of the 14c-labeled toxin . | NA | {
"id": "C0026955",
"name": "mycotoxin",
"pos": [
42,
51
]
} | {
"id": "C0040549",
"name": "toxin",
"pos": [
234,
239
]
} |
based on these results , we conclude that e2 proteins activate the enhancer by binding directly to the e2-rs and interacting with other transcriptional factors and that the sequence accn6ggt is both necessary and sufficient for the e2 protein binding in vitro and for activation of rna transcription in vivo . | NA | {
"id": "C0033684",
"name": "proteins",
"pos": [
45,
53
]
} | {
"id": "C0040648",
"name": "transcriptional factors",
"pos": [
136,
159
]
} |
consistent with a structural interaction between the hay gene product and beta 2-tubulin , the genetic interaction between haync2 and b2t requires the presence of the mutant hay gene product ; | NA | {
"id": "C0033684",
"name": "gene product",
"pos": [
57,
69
]
} | {
"id": "C1564139",
"name": "mutant",
"pos": [
167,
173
]
} |
fifty patients requiring liver biopsy were included : 29 with cirrhosis ( n = 20 micronodular , n = 9 macronodular ) and 21 with various hepatic disorders but no cirrhosis . | NA | {
"id": "C0023895",
"name": "hepatic",
"pos": [
137,
144
]
} | {
"id": "C0023890",
"name": "cirrhosis",
"pos": [
162,
171
]
} |
three of five family members experienced symptoms and biochemical evidence of hepatitis that could not be explained on the basis of infectious , metabolic or immunologic disorders of the liver . | NA | {
"id": "C0019158",
"name": "hepatitis",
"pos": [
78,
87
]
} | {
"id": "C0023895",
"name": "disorders of the liver",
"pos": [
170,
192
]
} |
these results were consistent with a direct relationship between the akv-1 provirus and the nominal antigens recognized by antiviral ctl , and with an inverse correlation between in vivo expression of viral antigens by normal cells and the ability to generate antiviral ctl . | NA | {
"id": "C0003320",
"name": "antigens",
"pos": [
100,
108
]
} | {
"id": "C0003342",
"name": "viral antigens",
"pos": [
201,
215
]
} |
associated with these findings , fibroblasts from blacks had higher cellular na+ concentration than did those from whites ( 9.78 +/- 0.512 vs 7.50 +/- 0.400 meq/l ; p = 0.0170 , as measured by atomic absorption , and 7.84 +/- 0.470 vs 5.03 +/- 0.980 meq/l ; p = 0.0141 , as derived from the equilibrium distribution ratio of 22na+ ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0016030",
"name": "fibroblasts",
"pos": [
33,
44
]
} | {
"id": "C0007634",
"name": "cellular",
"pos": [
68,
76
]
} |
it is concluded that blacks differ from whites with respect to cellular na+ turnover rate , which is evidenced by an increased na+ influx and accelerated na+-k+ pump activity in their fibroblasts . | NA | {
"id": "C0007634",
"name": "cellular",
"pos": [
63,
71
]
} | {
"id": "C0016030",
"name": "fibroblasts",
"pos": [
184,
195
]
} |
in ganglion-blocked shr , prazosin decreased blood pressure only when this parameter had been elevated by an intra-arterial infusion of epinephrine or norepinephrine . | NA | {
"id": "C0014563",
"name": "epinephrine",
"pos": [
136,
147
]
} | {
"id": "C0028351",
"name": "norepinephrine",
"pos": [
151,
165
]
} |
in contrast , under the same experimental conditions , yohimbine or rauwolscine administration failed to modify the pressor effects of either phenylephrine or epinephrine but partially reduced those of norepinephrine and , unlike prazosin , strongly antagonized those of b-ht 920 . | NA | {
"id": "C0014563",
"name": "epinephrine",
"pos": [
159,
170
]
} | {
"id": "C0028351",
"name": "norepinephrine",
"pos": [
202,
216
]
} |
in ganglion-blocked shr , the smaller dose of diltiazem antagonized by 40 and 80 % the pressor effects of norepinephrine and b-ht 920 , respectively , but failed to change the vasoconstrictor responses of phenylephrine , epinephrine , or vasopressin , which were , however , reduced by the higher dose of diltiazem . | NA | {
"id": "C0028351",
"name": "norepinephrine",
"pos": [
106,
120
]
} | {
"id": "C0014563",
"name": "epinephrine",
"pos": [
221,
232
]
} |
these results indicate that , in conscious adult shr , norepinephrine released by peripheral sympathetic nervous terminals and humorally borne epinephrine stimulate almost exclusively post-junctional alpha 1-adrenergic receptors . | NA | {
"id": "C0028351",
"name": "norepinephrine",
"pos": [
55,
69
]
} | {
"id": "C0014563",
"name": "epinephrine",
"pos": [
143,
154
]
} |
pyridoxal phosphate is the coenzyme of various decarboxylases involved in the formation of monoamine neurotransmitters such as gamma-aminobutyric acid , serotonin , dopamine , and norepinephrine . | NA | {
"id": "C0034266",
"name": "pyridoxal phosphate",
"pos": [
0,
19
]
} | {
"id": "C0009235",
"name": "coenzyme",
"pos": [
27,
35
]
} |
hypothalamic contents of pyridoxal phosphate , gamma-aminobutyric acid , and serotonin in the pyridoxine-deficient rats were significantly lower than those in pyridoxine-supplemented controls . | NA | {
"id": "C0034266",
"name": "pyridoxal phosphate",
"pos": [
25,
44
]
} | {
"id": "C0034272",
"name": "supplemented",
"pos": [
170,
182
]
} |
by employing the in vitro culture technique , we demonstrated that the precursors of the functional ts2 cells were l3t4- lyt-1-2+ i-j- cells . | NA | {
"id": "C0018956",
"name": "precursors",
"pos": [
71,
81
]
} | {
"id": "C0007634",
"name": "cells",
"pos": [
135,
140
]
} |
epitope mapping of h105.10 was performed by using the m. leprae dna sublibrary available in bacteriophage lambda gt11 for this antigen and revealed that its epitope resides in the region from amino acids 20 to 54 . | NA | {
"id": "C0003320",
"name": "antigen",
"pos": [
127,
134
]
} | {
"id": "C0003316",
"name": "epitope",
"pos": [
157,
164
]
} |
the 28- , 35- , and 65-kda antigens isolated by immunoblotting and presented on nitrocellulose to pleural effusion t cells from tuberculosis patients induced a proliferative response , indicating the presence of t-cell epitopes . | NA | {
"id": "C0003320",
"name": "antigens",
"pos": [
27,
35
]
} | {
"id": "C0003316",
"name": "epitopes",
"pos": [
219,
227
]
} |
these results suggest that the inflammation induced by gram-negative bacteria in the urinary tract can be triggered at the level of the epithelial cells by endotoxin presented by an attaching bacterial cell and that intact function at the lps locus of the host is required for this to occur . | NA | {
"id": "C0014264",
"name": "endotoxin",
"pos": [
156,
165
]
} | {
"id": "C0023810",
"name": "lps",
"pos": [
239,
242
]
} |
synthetic escherichia coli lipid a and synthetic s- [ 2,3-bis- ( palmitoyloxy ) propyl ] -n-palmitoylpentapeptide ( tripalmitoyl pentapeptide [ tpp ] ) , representing the mitogenically active principles of bacterial lipopolysaccharide ( lps ) and lipoprotein , respectively , were compared for their mitogenic activities on splenocytes of lps responder ( balb/c ) and lps-low-responder ( c3h/hej ) mice . | NA | {
"id": "C0023767",
"name": "lipid a",
"pos": [
27,
34
]
} | {
"id": "C0023810",
"name": "lps",
"pos": [
368,
371
]
} |
whereas lipid a was active only in lps-responder mice , tpp resulted in mitogenic activation of b lymphocytes from both lps-responder and lps-low-responder mice . | NA | {
"id": "C0023767",
"name": "lipid a",
"pos": [
8,
15
]
} | {
"id": "C0023810",
"name": "lps",
"pos": [
138,
141
]
} |
mice of the randomly bred strain icr and of the inbred strain balb/c could be successfully sensitized to chromate by repeated topical applications of a solution of potassium bichromate in dimethyl sulfoxide . | NA | {
"id": "C0008543",
"name": "chromate",
"pos": [
105,
113
]
} | {
"id": "C0032829",
"name": "potassium bichromate",
"pos": [
164,
184
]
} |
the normal myeloid hematopoietic regulatory proteins include one class of proteins that induces viability and multiplication of normal myeloid precursor cells to form colonies ( called mgi-1 = csf or il-3 ) and another class ( called mgi-2 = df ) that induces differentiation of normal myeloid precursors without inducing cell multiplication . | NA | {
"id": "C0009392",
"name": "mgi-1",
"pos": [
185,
190
]
} | {
"id": "C0021757",
"name": "il-3",
"pos": [
200,
204
]
} |
( 2 ) one protein induced differentiation of clone-ii myeloid leukemic cells and of normal myeloid precursor cells was free of any colony-inducing ( mgi-1 = csf or il-3 ) activity , bound to double-stranded mammalian dna , and was thus a differentiation-inducing protein mgi-2 . | NA | {
"id": "C0009392",
"name": "mgi-1",
"pos": [
149,
154
]
} | {
"id": "C0021757",
"name": "il-3",
"pos": [
164,
168
]
} |
the glycoprotein components of shed membrane fragments were shown to represent selected domains of the cell 's plasma membranes , in that only certain plasma membrane glycoproteins are shed as part of membrane fragments . | NA | {
"id": "C0025248",
"name": "glycoprotein",
"pos": [
4,
16
]
} | {
"id": "C0017968",
"name": "glycoproteins",
"pos": [
167,
180
]
} |
narcolepsy has been defined as a disorder of excessive sleep often associated with cataplexy , sleep paralysis and hypnagogic hallucinations . | NA | {
"id": "C0027404",
"name": "narcolepsy",
"pos": [
0,
10
]
} | {
"id": "C0007384",
"name": "cataplexy",
"pos": [
83,
92
]
} |
other , more common causes of neurologic abnormalities in foals , such as trauma , vertebral body abscesses , brain abscesses , and meningitis , must be ruled out before portosystemic shunt is considered . | NA | {
"id": "C0000833",
"name": "abscesses",
"pos": [
98,
107
]
} | {
"id": "C0006105",
"name": "brain",
"pos": [
110,
115
]
} |
in the case of 2-hr iv infusion , ril-2 was rapidly cleared from the plasma , with a half life of about 30 min , while in the case of 24-hr continuous infusion , more than 1 u/ml serum il-2 activity was maintained for 14 days in group b3 . | NA | {
"id": "C0218986",
"name": "ril-2",
"pos": [
34,
39
]
} | {
"id": "C0021756",
"name": "il-2",
"pos": [
185,
189
]
} |
eleven n-enamine derivatives of daunorubicin and of its 5-imino analogue as well as of doxorubicin have been synthesized and evaluated for antileukemic activity in vitro and in vivo . | NA | {
"id": "C0011015",
"name": "daunorubicin",
"pos": [
32,
44
]
} | {
"id": "C0013089",
"name": "doxorubicin",
"pos": [
87,
98
]
} |
among the penicillins studied , the hydrophilicity of amoxicillin was the highest ( the lowest rm value ) , which was followed by those of aspc , ampicillin , p-hydroxypiperacillin , dehydroxyaspoxicillin and piperacillin in descending order . | NA | {
"id": "C0002645",
"name": "amoxicillin",
"pos": [
54,
65
]
} | {
"id": "C0002680",
"name": "ampicillin",
"pos": [
146,
156
]
} |
among the penicillins studied , the hydrophilicity of amoxicillin was the highest ( the lowest rm value ) , which was followed by those of aspc , ampicillin , p-hydroxypiperacillin , dehydroxyaspoxicillin and piperacillin in descending order . | NA | {
"id": "C0002680",
"name": "ampicillin",
"pos": [
146,
156
]
} | {
"id": "C0031955",
"name": "piperacillin",
"pos": [
209,
221
]
} |
relapse or re-infection occurred in 34.1 % of the patients with complicated uti , and in 12.2 % , the infecting organism did not respond to treatment . | NA | {
"id": "C0009450",
"name": "infection",
"pos": [
14,
23
]
} | {
"id": "C0042029",
"name": "uti",
"pos": [
76,
79
]
} |
the zone sizes and mics of ampicillin , cefaclor and cephalexin were determined for 2458 clinical isolates of haemophilus influenzae collected in 1986 during a national survey of the prevalence of resistance in this species . | NA | {
"id": "C0007537",
"name": "cefaclor",
"pos": [
40,
48
]
} | {
"id": "C0007716",
"name": "cephalexin",
"pos": [
53,
63
]
} |
cefaclor showed greater in-vitro activity than cephalexin against all isolates , with a modal mic of 4 mg/l compared with 8 mg/l . | NA | {
"id": "C0007537",
"name": "cefaclor",
"pos": [
0,
8
]
} | {
"id": "C0007716",
"name": "cephalexin",
"pos": [
47,
57
]
} |
mic50 values for the 2201 ampicillin-sensitive and 157 beta-lactamase-positive resistant strains were similar for both cephalosporins ( 4 mg/l for cefaclor , and 8 mg/l for cephalexin ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0007537",
"name": "cefaclor",
"pos": [
147,
155
]
} | {
"id": "C0007716",
"name": "cephalexin",
"pos": [
173,
183
]
} |
cefaclor is the more active agent against ampicillin-sensitive and beta-lactamase-positive h. influenzae but strains with an intrinsic mechanism of resistance to ampicillin are markedly less sensitive to both cefaclor and cephalexin . | NA | {
"id": "C0007537",
"name": "cefaclor",
"pos": [
0,
8
]
} | {
"id": "C0007716",
"name": "cephalexin",
"pos": [
222,
232
]
} |
during exercise to vo2peak , blood reduced glutathione ( gsh ) and total glutathione [ gsh + oxidized glutathione ( gssg ) ] did not change significantly . | NA | {
"id": "C0017817",
"name": "gsh",
"pos": [
57,
60
]
} | {
"id": "C0061516",
"name": "gssg",
"pos": [
116,
120
]
} |
during recovery , gsh and gsh/gssg increased from exercise levels and significantly overshot preexercise levels , reaching maximum values after 3 days . | NA | {
"id": "C0017817",
"name": "gsh",
"pos": [
18,
21
]
} | {
"id": "C0061516",
"name": "gssg",
"pos": [
30,
34
]
} |
to assess whether hepatic glycogen is actively turning over under conditions which promote net glycogen synthesis we perfused livers from 24-h fasted rats with 20 mm d- [ 1-13c ] glucose , 10 mm l- [ 3-13c ] alanine , 10 mm l- [ 3-13c ] lactate , and 1 microm insulin for 90 min followed by a 75-min `` '' chase '' '' period with perfusate of the same composition containing either 13c-enriched or unlabeled substrates . | NA | {
"id": "C0023902",
"name": "hepatic glycogen",
"pos": [
18,
34
]
} | {
"id": "C0017911",
"name": "glycogen",
"pos": [
95,
103
]
} |
we now demonstrate that this effect is triggered by the lipid a domain of lipopolysaccharide since a defined tetraacyl disaccharide 1,4'-bisphosphate precursor of mature lipid a , designated lipid iva ( raetz , c. r. h. , purcell , s. , meyer , m. v. , qureshi , n. , and takayama , k. ( 1985 ) j. biol . chem . 260 , 16080-16088 ) , is fully active in stimulating kappa chain mrna synthesis . | NA | {
"id": "C0023810",
"name": "lipopolysaccharide",
"pos": [
74,
92
]
} | {
"id": "C0023767",
"name": "lipid a",
"pos": [
170,
177
]
} |
the plasma cholesteryl ester-transfer protein ( cetp , mr 74,000 ) promotes exchange of both neutral lipids and phospholipids ( phosphatidylcholine , pc ) between lipoproteins . | NA | {
"id": "C0023779",
"name": "lipids",
"pos": [
101,
107
]
} | {
"id": "C0023820",
"name": "lipoproteins",
"pos": [
163,
175
]
} |
characterization of the antibodies secreted by one of the resulting clones showed that they recognize a determinant present in the oligosaccharide antigen , but not in intact heparin , nor in a variety of related polysaccharides . | NA | {
"id": "C0028959",
"name": "oligosaccharide",
"pos": [
131,
146
]
} | {
"id": "C0032594",
"name": "polysaccharides",
"pos": [
213,
228
]
} |
structural analysis showed that the tetrasaccharide fraction that bound to the monoclonal antibodies contained one single component with the structure idoa ( 2-oso3 ) -glcnso3 ( 6-oso3 ) -idoa ( 2-oso3 ) -amanr ( 6-oso3 ) , whereas the fraction that did not bind to the antibodies contained a mixture of different structures . | NA | {
"id": "C0003250",
"name": "monoclonal antibodies",
"pos": [
79,
100
]
} | {
"id": "C0003241",
"name": "antibodies",
"pos": [
270,
280
]
} |
administration of hemin to rats reduced the basal level of this mrna only in liver but the heme precursor , 5-aminolevulinate ( or its methyl ester ) , repressed the basal levels in liver , kidney , heart , testis , and brain . | NA | {
"id": "C0018988",
"name": "hemin",
"pos": [
18,
23
]
} | {
"id": "C0018966",
"name": "heme",
"pos": [
91,
95
]
} |
inhibition of lipopolysaccharide ( lps ) synthesis in pseudomonas aeruginosa at the stage of incorporation of 3-deoxy-d-manno-octulosonate ( kdo ) caused accumulation of a lipid a precursor which contained all of the fatty acids present on the lipid a of mature lps . | NA | {
"id": "C0023767",
"name": "lipid a",
"pos": [
172,
179
]
} | {
"id": "C0023810",
"name": "lps",
"pos": [
262,
265
]
} |
similar ca2+-induced crystals of ca2+-atpase were obtained with purified or purified delipidated atpase preparations at lower detergent/protein ratios . | NA | {
"id": "C0001476",
"name": "ca2",
"pos": [
8,
11
]
} | {
"id": "C0001473",
"name": "atpase",
"pos": [
97,
103
]
} |
dna encoding the entire precursor of human chorionic gonadotropin ( hcg , alpha subunit ) was fused precisely to dna encoding the transmembrane and cytoplasmic domains of the vesicular stomatitis virus glycoprotein . | NA | {
"id": "C0018062",
"name": "human chorionic gonadotropin",
"pos": [
37,
65
]
} | {
"id": "C0017963",
"name": "alpha subunit",
"pos": [
74,
87
]
} |
treatment of quiescent human embryonic lung fibroblastic cells ( tig-3 ) with 10 nm epidermal growth factor ( egf ) resulted in 4-6-fold activation of a protein kinase activity in cell extracts that phosphorylated microtubule-associated protein 2 ( map2 ) on serine and threonine residues in vitro . | NA | {
"id": "C0016030",
"name": "fibroblastic cells",
"pos": [
44,
62
]
} | {
"id": "C0007634",
"name": "cell",
"pos": [
180,
184
]
} |
platelet-derived growth factor , fibroblast growth factor , insulin-like growth factor-i , insulin , phorbol esters ( 12-o-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate and phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate ) , and fresh fetal calf serum also induced activation of the map2 kinase in the quiescent tig-3 cells . | NA | {
"id": "C0031586",
"name": "phorbol esters",
"pos": [
101,
115
]
} | {
"id": "C0039654",
"name": "12-o-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate",
"pos": [
118,
154
]
} |
asp-49 was changed to asparagine and glu-68 to glutamine ( residue numbering as for horse liver enzyme ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0061472",
"name": "glu",
"pos": [
37,
40
]
} | {
"id": "C0017797",
"name": "glutamine",
"pos": [
47,
56
]
} |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.