text stringlengths 57 1.72k | relation stringclasses 125
values | h dict | t dict |
|---|---|---|---|
because spantide attenuated the effect of capsaicin , increased insufflation pressure and specific airway resistance due to capsaicin challenge in both unanesthetized and anesthetized guinea pigs may be attributed , at least in part , to capsaicin 's induction of substance p release or the release of other tachykinins . | NA | {
"id": "C0038585",
"name": "substance p",
"pos": [
264,
275
]
} | {
"id": "C0039241",
"name": "tachykinins",
"pos": [
308,
319
]
} |
lymphoepithelioid cell lymphoma , defined as a lymphoma of cd4+ t lymphocytes , marks the border between hodgkin 's disease and the non-hodgkin 's lymphomas . | NA | {
"id": "C0024299",
"name": "lymphoma",
"pos": [
23,
31
]
} | {
"id": "C0024305",
"name": "non-hodgkin 's lymphomas",
"pos": [
132,
156
]
} |
the antigens used were two toxoids , tetanus and diphtheria , three bacterial antigens , streptococcus , tuberculin and proteus and two fungal antigens , candida and trichophyton . | NA | {
"id": "C0003320",
"name": "antigens",
"pos": [
4,
12
]
} | {
"id": "C0003321",
"name": "bacterial antigens",
"pos": [
68,
86
]
} |
the antigens used were two toxoids , tetanus and diphtheria , three bacterial antigens , streptococcus , tuberculin and proteus and two fungal antigens , candida and trichophyton . | NA | {
"id": "C0003320",
"name": "antigens",
"pos": [
4,
12
]
} | {
"id": "C0003330",
"name": "fungal antigens",
"pos": [
136,
151
]
} |
all patients underwent skin testing with house dust , dermatophagoides pternyssinus ( dpt ) , cat and dog allergens , grass , tree and weed pollens , and moulds . | NA | {
"id": "C0524581",
"name": "house dust",
"pos": [
41,
51
]
} | {
"id": "C0002092",
"name": "allergens",
"pos": [
106,
115
]
} |
for the purposes of the study , supplementary agents were restricted to fentanyl , alfentanil or nitrous oxide ; | NA | {
"id": "C0015846",
"name": "fentanyl",
"pos": [
72,
80
]
} | {
"id": "C0002026",
"name": "alfentanil",
"pos": [
83,
93
]
} |
blood samples were taken for analysis of epinephrine , norepinephrine , serotonin , and arterial and mixed-venous blood gases . | NA | {
"id": "C0014563",
"name": "epinephrine",
"pos": [
41,
52
]
} | {
"id": "C0028351",
"name": "norepinephrine",
"pos": [
55,
69
]
} |
purification of the sample with alumina adsorption alone , a method usually used for purification of catecholamines and dopa , was ineffective : epinephrine and norepinephrine , which are present in high concentrations , interfered with an accurate determination of dopa , and dopamine , which is retained strongly on the reverse-phase column , interfered with a rapid analysis . | NA | {
"id": "C0007412",
"name": "catecholamines",
"pos": [
101,
115
]
} | {
"id": "C0013023",
"name": "dopa",
"pos": [
277,
281
]
} |
purification of the sample with alumina adsorption alone , a method usually used for purification of catecholamines and dopa , was ineffective : epinephrine and norepinephrine , which are present in high concentrations , interfered with an accurate determination of dopa , and dopamine , which is retained strongly on the reverse-phase column , interfered with a rapid analysis . | NA | {
"id": "C0014563",
"name": "epinephrine",
"pos": [
145,
156
]
} | {
"id": "C0028351",
"name": "norepinephrine",
"pos": [
161,
175
]
} |
after purification with columns of weak cation-exchange resins such as bio-rex 70 or amberlite cg-50 followed by alumina adsorption , most of the epinephrine and norepinephrine was removed and dopamine was eliminated . | NA | {
"id": "C0014563",
"name": "epinephrine",
"pos": [
146,
157
]
} | {
"id": "C0028351",
"name": "norepinephrine",
"pos": [
162,
176
]
} |
conditions for the preparative elution of proteins from immobilon membranes after transfer of proteins to this matrix from sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gels have been established . | NA | {
"id": "C0033684",
"name": "proteins",
"pos": [
42,
50
]
} | {
"id": "C0025252",
"name": "membranes",
"pos": [
66,
75
]
} |
oligosaccharides were eluted from a hi-chrom 5s ods ( c18 ) column using mixtures of acetonitrile and buffers containing 40 mm ammonium phosphate and 1 mm tetrabutylammonium phosphate . | NA | {
"id": "C0051724",
"name": "ammonium phosphate",
"pos": [
127,
145
]
} | {
"id": "C0031603",
"name": "phosphate",
"pos": [
174,
183
]
} |
a comparison of the elution profiles obtained in the ion-pairing chromatography procedure with profiles obtained by anion-exchange high-pressure liquid chromatography profiles showed markedly better overall resolution by the ion-pairing procedure . | NA | {
"id": "C0003075",
"name": "anion",
"pos": [
116,
121
]
} | {
"id": "C0022023",
"name": "ion",
"pos": [
225,
228
]
} |
the method employs a citrate buffer gradient to resolve several inositol phosphates including inositol 1-phosphate , inositol 1,4-bisphosphate ( ip2 ) , and inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate ( ip3 ) , as well as some of the isomers of these compounds . | NA | {
"id": "C0021554",
"name": "inositol phosphates",
"pos": [
64,
83
]
} | {
"id": "C0021547",
"name": "inositol",
"pos": [
157,
165
]
} |
the method employs a citrate buffer gradient to resolve several inositol phosphates including inositol 1-phosphate , inositol 1,4-bisphosphate ( ip2 ) , and inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate ( ip3 ) , as well as some of the isomers of these compounds . | NA | {
"id": "C0021554",
"name": "inositol phosphates",
"pos": [
64,
83
]
} | {
"id": "C0021549",
"name": "ip3",
"pos": [
188,
191
]
} |
a method for dna fragmentation by h2o2 in the dna alkaline elution procedure is described . | NA | {
"id": "C0000702",
"name": "a",
"pos": [
0,
1
]
} | {
"id": "C0012854",
"name": "dna",
"pos": [
46,
49
]
} |
a single-step enzyme assay using [ 14c ] palmitic acid and bacterial acyl-coenzyme a synthetase ( ec 6.2.1.3 ) is described for the determination of reduced coenzyme a ( coash ) levels in liver samples . | NA | {
"id": "C0001374",
"name": "acyl-coenzyme",
"pos": [
69,
82
]
} | {
"id": "C0009226",
"name": "coenzyme",
"pos": [
157,
165
]
} |
immunological detection of b-dna to z-dna transition of polynucleotides by immobilization of the dna conformation on a solid support . | NA | {
"id": "C0012854",
"name": "dna",
"pos": [
29,
32
]
} | {
"id": "C0043442",
"name": "z-dna",
"pos": [
36,
41
]
} |
from the transition curves , we determined the concentration of the counterions at the midpoint of b-dna to z-dna transition . | NA | {
"id": "C0012854",
"name": "dna",
"pos": [
101,
104
]
} | {
"id": "C0043442",
"name": "z-dna",
"pos": [
108,
113
]
} |
and a decreased ratio of very low density lipoproteins to total lipoproteins , suggesting that changes in types of hyperlipoproteinemia may be associated with the onset of myocardial infarction . | NA | {
"id": "C0023825",
"name": "very low",
"pos": [
25,
33
]
} | {
"id": "C0023820",
"name": "lipoproteins",
"pos": [
64,
76
]
} |
two major classes of drugs are considered , those that stimulate cell membrane adenylcyclase , i.e . beta-agonists ( dopamine , dobutamine and dopexamine ) and alpha-agonists ( glucagon , forskolin , calcium agonists ) and those that inhibit the cellular phosphodiesterases , i.e . bipyridine derivatives ( amrinone and milrinone ) and imidazolone derivatives ( fenoximone and piroximone ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0002697",
"name": "amrinone",
"pos": [
307,
315
]
} | {
"id": "C0128513",
"name": "milrinone",
"pos": [
320,
329
]
} |
dobutamine exerts a potent positive inotropic action , with little effect on vascular tone and less tachycardia than with other catecholamines , resulting in only a slight increase in myocardial oxygen consumption . | NA | {
"id": "C0012963",
"name": "dobutamine",
"pos": [
0,
10
]
} | {
"id": "C0007412",
"name": "catecholamines",
"pos": [
128,
142
]
} |
the effect of nalbuphine on the common bile duct pressure of ten women who had cholecystectomy and common duct exploration for cholelithiasis and choledocholithiasis was studied . | NA | {
"id": "C0008350",
"name": "cholelithiasis",
"pos": [
127,
141
]
} | {
"id": "C0701818",
"name": "choledocholithiasis",
"pos": [
146,
165
]
} |
patients with cholelithiasis had a significantly greater weight loss ( 130 +/- 61.0 lbs ) than those without stones ( 109 +/- 59.9 lbs ) p = 0.04 . | NA | {
"id": "C0008350",
"name": "cholelithiasis",
"pos": [
14,
28
]
} | {
"id": "C0006736",
"name": "stones",
"pos": [
109,
115
]
} |
the two monoclonal antibodies hrs-1 and hrs-2 , which were obtained after immunization with the hodgkin 's derived cell line l428 , detect different epitopes on a 120 kd antigen . | NA | {
"id": "C0003316",
"name": "epitopes",
"pos": [
149,
157
]
} | {
"id": "C0003320",
"name": "antigen",
"pos": [
170,
177
]
} |
a series of poly ( adp-ribose ) synthesis inhibitors was evaluated for their ability to potentiate the cytotoxicity of bleomycin compared with their inhibition of poly ( adp-ribose ) synthesis in l1210 cultured cells . | NA | {
"id": "C0001461",
"name": "adp-ribose",
"pos": [
19,
29
]
} | {
"id": "C0032403",
"name": "poly ( adp-ribose",
"pos": [
12,
29
]
} |
one of the strains tested , however , a clinical isolate of t. pallidum designated street strain 14 , was found to exhibit high-level resistance to erythromycin and a closely related macrolide , roxithromycin ( ru 965 ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0014806",
"name": "erythromycin",
"pos": [
148,
160
]
} | {
"id": "C0035891",
"name": "roxithromycin",
"pos": [
195,
208
]
} |
percentages of study isolates susceptible to cefamandole , cefaclor , cephalothin , and cephalexin were 98.7 , 94.5 , 87.3 , and 43.3 % , respectively . | NA | {
"id": "C0007537",
"name": "cefaclor",
"pos": [
59,
67
]
} | {
"id": "C0007716",
"name": "cephalexin",
"pos": [
88,
98
]
} |
the in vitro susceptibility of human isolates of pasteurella multocida to oral antimicrobial agents from our current study and from a review of the literature suggests that dicloxacillin ( oxacillin ) , erythromycin , clindamycin , cephalexin , cefaclor , and cefadroxil should not be used for empiric therapy of animal bite wounds . | NA | {
"id": "C0007716",
"name": "cephalexin",
"pos": [
232,
242
]
} | {
"id": "C0007537",
"name": "cefaclor",
"pos": [
245,
253
]
} |
the in vitro susceptibility of human isolates of pasteurella multocida to oral antimicrobial agents from our current study and from a review of the literature suggests that dicloxacillin ( oxacillin ) , erythromycin , clindamycin , cephalexin , cefaclor , and cefadroxil should not be used for empiric therapy of animal bite wounds . | NA | {
"id": "C0007716",
"name": "cephalexin",
"pos": [
232,
242
]
} | {
"id": "C0007538",
"name": "cefadroxil",
"pos": [
260,
270
]
} |
all the isolates were resistant to ampicillin , cefazolin , cefuroxime , cefamandole , cefotetan , ceftriaxone , cefotaxime , aztreonam , amdinocillin , and temocillin . | NA | {
"id": "C0007562",
"name": "cefuroxime",
"pos": [
60,
70
]
} | {
"id": "C0007554",
"name": "cefotaxime",
"pos": [
113,
123
]
} |
all the isolates were resistant to ampicillin , cefazolin , cefuroxime , cefamandole , cefotetan , ceftriaxone , cefotaxime , aztreonam , amdinocillin , and temocillin . | NA | {
"id": "C0007561",
"name": "ceftriaxone",
"pos": [
99,
110
]
} | {
"id": "C0007554",
"name": "cefotaxime",
"pos": [
113,
123
]
} |
with the exception of cephalothin , which was markedly toxic to kidney cells in vitro , a good correlation between in vitro toxicity and in vivo nephrotoxicity was obtained , yielding the following toxicity rank order : ceftazidime less than cefazolin approximately cefoperazone less than cephaloglycin approximately cephaloridine . | NA | {
"id": "C0007559",
"name": "ceftazidime",
"pos": [
220,
231
]
} | {
"id": "C0007727",
"name": "cephaloridine",
"pos": [
317,
330
]
} |
the 26k , 27.5k , and 28.5k antigens present in the om of cells grown in vitro ( but not in vivo ) were recognized by antibodies raised against bacteria cultivated in vitro under conditions of iron depletion , but were not recognized by antisera raised against bacteria harvested directly from infections . | NA | {
"id": "C0003241",
"name": "antibodies",
"pos": [
118,
128
]
} | {
"id": "C0020960",
"name": "antisera",
"pos": [
237,
245
]
} |
clavulanic acid combined with amoxicillin and ticarcillin and sulbactam combined with ampicillin resulted in synergistic activity against all beta-lactamase-positive organisms . | NA | {
"id": "C0002645",
"name": "amoxicillin",
"pos": [
30,
41
]
} | {
"id": "C0002680",
"name": "ampicillin",
"pos": [
86,
96
]
} |
the rank order for stabilizing the low affinity state was gpp ( nh ) p greater than gtp greater than gdp much greater than gmp = no nucleotides . | NA | {
"id": "C0018366",
"name": "gpp ( nh ) p",
"pos": [
58,
70
]
} | {
"id": "C0018353",
"name": "gtp",
"pos": [
84,
87
]
} |
the gamma-crystallin fraction of the soluble lens proteins was separated into five distinct polypeptides and characterized by isoelectric focusing , amino acid composition , and n-terminal sequence analysis to 25 residues . | NA | {
"id": "C0017030",
"name": "gamma-crystallin",
"pos": [
4,
20
]
} | {
"id": "C0010422",
"name": "lens proteins",
"pos": [
45,
58
]
} |
a panel of monoclonal antibodies was raised against a novel glycosphingolipid that contains a terminal 3-fl structure ( structure 1 ) : ( formula : see text ) surprisingly , most of these antibodies reacted with the internal galactosylgloboside structure rather than with the terminal 3-fl epitope . | NA | {
"id": "C0003250",
"name": "monoclonal",
"pos": [
11,
21
]
} | {
"id": "C0003241",
"name": "antibodies",
"pos": [
188,
198
]
} |
the functional affinity of igm rheumatoid factors ( rf ) was measured in 31 patients with rheumatoid arthritis ( ra ) , 24 with systemic lupus erythematosus ( sle ) , 13 with sjogren 's syndrome ( ss ) , and in 13 seropositive healthy individuals . | NA | {
"id": "C0003873",
"name": "rheumatoid arthritis",
"pos": [
90,
110
]
} | {
"id": "C1527336",
"name": "sjogren 's syndrome",
"pos": [
175,
194
]
} |
the second line activity of sulphamethoxazole , in the form of cotrimoxazole ( ctz ) , has been investigated by treatment of 13 patients with ra for 24 weeks with ctz ( 480 mg three times a day ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0038689",
"name": "sulphamethoxazole",
"pos": [
28,
45
]
} | {
"id": "C0041044",
"name": "ctz",
"pos": [
163,
166
]
} |
murine skin fibroblasts have been studied in our laboratory , using different systems : ( 1 ) primary cultures isolated from peeled skins of mouse embryos , ( 2 ) mouse derms analysed in the animals , ( 3 ) cultivated explants of skins , ( 4 ) serial sub-cultures of fibroblasts isolated from these explants , ( 5 ) cells cultivated comparably on plane substrates ( glass , plastic , collagen films ) and on three-dimensional matrices ( collagen fibres ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0016030",
"name": "fibroblasts",
"pos": [
12,
23
]
} | {
"id": "C0007634",
"name": "cells",
"pos": [
316,
321
]
} |
ten patients aged from 60 to 73 years presenting with horton 's disease or polymyalgia rheumatica had arteritis of the upper limbs . | NA | {
"id": "C0039483",
"name": "horton 's disease",
"pos": [
54,
71
]
} | {
"id": "C0003860",
"name": "arteritis",
"pos": [
102,
111
]
} |
lipids , lipoproteins and hepatic 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coa reductase activities of rabbits during adaptation to atherogenic semi-purified diets . | NA | {
"id": "C0023779",
"name": "lipids",
"pos": [
0,
6
]
} | {
"id": "C0023820",
"name": "lipoproteins",
"pos": [
9,
21
]
} |
electron-microscopic examination revealed myoid-type cells with clusters of myofilaments and z-type material , cells resembling fibroblasts , osteoclasts and lipocytes . | NA | {
"id": "C0007634",
"name": "cells",
"pos": [
53,
58
]
} | {
"id": "C0016030",
"name": "fibroblasts",
"pos": [
128,
139
]
} |
pharmacological analysis of these enkephalin actions on conditioning suggests that the [ leu ] enkephalin acts through a delta opioid receptor which is located outside the blood-brain barrier . | NA | {
"id": "C0014298",
"name": "enkephalin",
"pos": [
34,
44
]
} | {
"id": "C0014294",
"name": "leu ] enkephalin",
"pos": [
89,
105
]
} |
we conclude that an important proportion of human kininogens contain hydroxyproline instead of proline in position three of the bradykinin moiety . | NA | {
"id": "C0020388",
"name": "hydroxyproline",
"pos": [
69,
83
]
} | {
"id": "C0033382",
"name": "proline",
"pos": [
95,
102
]
} |
the effects of various protein kinase c ( pkc ) inhibitors on nadph oxidase ( no ) activation by the phorbol ester pma and by the chemotactic peptide fmlp were studied . | NA | {
"id": "C0031586",
"name": "phorbol ester",
"pos": [
101,
114
]
} | {
"id": "C0039654",
"name": "pma",
"pos": [
115,
118
]
} |
active human thyroid-stimulating hormone ( htsh ) was produced by xenopus laevis oocytes following injection of an mrna mixture of htsh beta and alpha subunits synthesized by t3 rna polymerase . | NA | {
"id": "C0040160",
"name": "thyroid-stimulating hormone",
"pos": [
13,
40
]
} | {
"id": "C0076641",
"name": "htsh beta",
"pos": [
131,
140
]
} |
albumin concentration in the blood , and its synthesis by the liver , decrease in the rat during the acute-phase response to inflammation . | NA | {
"id": "C0001349",
"name": "acute-phase response",
"pos": [
101,
121
]
} | {
"id": "C0021368",
"name": "inflammation",
"pos": [
125,
137
]
} |
dna binding proteins operate in an intracellular environment of low chloride concentration , yet in vitro assays of the activities of these proteins are often performed in isotonic chloride-containing solutions . | NA | {
"id": "C0012940",
"name": "dna binding proteins",
"pos": [
0,
20
]
} | {
"id": "C0033684",
"name": "proteins",
"pos": [
140,
148
]
} |
previously , the activity of bacterial dna-binding proteins was found to be enhanced in potassium-containing solutions in which the anion glutamate ( glu ) was substituted for chloride . | NA | {
"id": "C0003075",
"name": "anion",
"pos": [
132,
137
]
} | {
"id": "C0008203",
"name": "chloride",
"pos": [
176,
184
]
} |
all these findings suggest that in mice , there is a male-specific renal 3-meo-aab activation enzyme ( s ) , a cytochrome p-450 isozyme ( s ) , which is different , at least in proportion and/or in nature , from hepatic cytochrome p-450 isozymes . | NA | {
"id": "C0014442",
"name": "enzyme",
"pos": [
94,
100
]
} | {
"id": "C0022173",
"name": "isozymes",
"pos": [
237,
245
]
} |
in order to investigate the possibility that there may be two conformationally distinct dopamine d1 binding sites , the effect of lysine-modifying agents on striatal dopamine d1 receptors was investigated . | NA | {
"id": "C0034798",
"name": "dopamine",
"pos": [
88,
96
]
} | {
"id": "C0058697",
"name": "dopamine d1 receptors",
"pos": [
166,
187
]
} |
the study consisted in a randomized comparative trial on the peri-/postoperative thrombotic prophylaxis with lmwh 2,500 u s.c. once daily and unfractionated heparin ( ufh ) 5,000 u s.c. twice daily . | NA | {
"id": "C0019139",
"name": "lmwh",
"pos": [
109,
113
]
} | {
"id": "C0019134",
"name": "unfractionated",
"pos": [
142,
156
]
} |
under standard prophylaxis with ufh/dhe twice a day 14 patients suffered postoperative thromboses , while with lmwh/dhe once a day only 4 patients suffered thromboses ( p less than 0.025 ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0019134",
"name": "ufh",
"pos": [
32,
35
]
} | {
"id": "C0019139",
"name": "lmwh",
"pos": [
111,
115
]
} |
a further characteristic distinguishing between the central and peripheral alpha-adrenoceptors regulating cardiovascular tone was a distinct inability of some derivatives active at peripheral cardiac presynaptic ( pithed rats ) and central ( young chicks ) alpha 2-adrenoceptors to reduce blood pressure in anaesthetized rats . | NA | {
"id": "C0034784",
"name": "alpha-adrenoceptors",
"pos": [
75,
94
]
} | {
"id": "C0001639",
"name": "alpha 2-adrenoceptors",
"pos": [
257,
278
]
} |
in studies on structure-activity relationships among impromidine-like histamine h2-receptor agonists , the synthesis of impromidine analogous guanidines led to the corresponding intermediate cyanoguanidines . | NA | {
"id": "C0063440",
"name": "impromidine",
"pos": [
53,
64
]
} | {
"id": "C0018320",
"name": "guanidines",
"pos": [
196,
206
]
} |
the third peak ( p3 ) eluted with 290 mm nacl represented 4.3 % of total hdl-c and 6.0 % of total hdl protein , and contained apo e ( 25 % of its protein ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0023814",
"name": "3",
"pos": [
18,
19
]
} | {
"id": "C0023821",
"name": "hdl",
"pos": [
98,
101
]
} |
the rates of accumulation of apo a-i and albumin in the medium were 22 ng/mg cell protein per h and 1.2 micrograms/mg cell protein per h , respectively . | NA | {
"id": "C0001924",
"name": "albumin",
"pos": [
41,
48
]
} | {
"id": "C0033684",
"name": "protein",
"pos": [
123,
130
]
} |
the time courses for diet-induced changes in plasma lipids and the lipid ( cholesteryl ester/triglyceride ) transfer activity of lipoprotein-deficient plasma ( lta ) were determined in rabbits fed a variety of hyperlipidemic diets . | NA | {
"id": "C0023779",
"name": "lipid",
"pos": [
52,
57
]
} | {
"id": "C0023820",
"name": "lipoprotein",
"pos": [
129,
140
]
} |
it was hypothesized that such pentobarbital blockage of morphine tolerance represents an instance of state-dependent learning : the barbiturate alters predrug cues so that the final , barbiturate-signaled morphine administration is presented in the context of different signals than those accompanying pretest administrations of the opiate . | NA | {
"id": "C0030883",
"name": "pentobarbital",
"pos": [
30,
43
]
} | {
"id": "C0004745",
"name": "barbiturate",
"pos": [
184,
195
]
} |
results of the present experiments confirmed the finding that pentobarbital interferes with the expression of morphine tolerance in rats that had not previously received barbiturate-opiate pairings . | NA | {
"id": "C0030883",
"name": "pentobarbital",
"pos": [
62,
75
]
} | {
"id": "C0004745",
"name": "barbiturate",
"pos": [
170,
181
]
} |
moreover , if pretest morphine administrations were signaled by pentobarbital , omission of the barbiturate cue on the test session attenuated tolerance . | NA | {
"id": "C0030883",
"name": "pentobarbital",
"pos": [
64,
77
]
} | {
"id": "C0004745",
"name": "barbiturate",
"pos": [
96,
107
]
} |
red blood cells of adult western painted turtles ( chrysemys picta bellii ) contain two hemoglobin components : hba ( alpha a2 beta 2 ) and hbd ( alpha d2 beta 2 ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0019046",
"name": "hemoglobin",
"pos": [
88,
98
]
} | {
"id": "C0019016",
"name": "hba",
"pos": [
112,
115
]
} |
in comparison to other vertebrate hemoglobins there is a surprising similarity of the sequences to those of bird hemoglobins . alpha a- as well as alpha d-chains show larger homologies to chains of the same type in different species than alpha a- and alpha d-chains to each other in the same species . | NA | {
"id": "C0019046",
"name": "hemoglobins",
"pos": [
34,
45
]
} | {
"id": "C0019016",
"name": "hemoglobins",
"pos": [
113,
124
]
} |
second , isotype determines antibody functions , effector ( neutralization , antibody-dependent complement , or cell-mediated cytotoxicity ) as well as blocking functions . | NA | {
"id": "C0021017",
"name": "isotype",
"pos": [
9,
16
]
} | {
"id": "C0003241",
"name": "antibody",
"pos": [
77,
85
]
} |
in this report , we show that 2',3'-dideoxynucleosides including 3'-azido-2',3'-dideoxythymidine ( azt ) can significantly inhibit the infectivity and/or cytopathic effect of these retroviruses in vitro . | NA | {
"id": "C0012136",
"name": "dideoxynucleosides",
"pos": [
36,
54
]
} | {
"id": "C0043474",
"name": "azt",
"pos": [
99,
102
]
} |
the amino acid sequence coded by the cdna for hepsin shows a high degree of identity to pancreatic trypsin and other serine proteases present in plasma . | NA | {
"id": "C0041236",
"name": "trypsin",
"pos": [
99,
106
]
} | {
"id": "C0036734",
"name": "serine proteases",
"pos": [
117,
133
]
} |
it also exhibits features characteristic of zymogens to serine proteases in that it contains a cleavage site for protease activation and the highly conserved regions surrounding the his , asp , and ser residues that participate in enzyme catalysis . | NA | {
"id": "C0036734",
"name": "serine proteases",
"pos": [
56,
72
]
} | {
"id": "C0030946",
"name": "protease",
"pos": [
113,
121
]
} |
all effects of glutamate and glycine on [ 3h ] tcp binding kinetics were blocked by the competitive nmda receptor antagonist ap-5 [ d- ( - ) -2-amino-5-phosphovaleric acid ] . | NA | {
"id": "C0017890",
"name": "glycine",
"pos": [
29,
36
]
} | {
"id": "C0002520",
"name": "amino",
"pos": [
144,
149
]
} |
the major membrane lipid species identified in s. cremoris were acidic phospholipids ( phosphatidylglycerol and cardiolipin ) , glycolipids , and glycerophosphoglycolipids . | NA | {
"id": "C0025249",
"name": "membrane lipid",
"pos": [
10,
24
]
} | {
"id": "C0031676",
"name": "phospholipids",
"pos": [
71,
84
]
} |
we have developed a system for targeting foreign dna to hepatocytes in vitro using a soluble dna carrier that takes advantage of receptor-mediated endocytosis to achieve internalization . | NA | {
"id": "C0000702",
"name": "a",
"pos": [
4,
5
]
} | {
"id": "C0012854",
"name": "dna",
"pos": [
93,
96
]
} |
we tested this complex using a model system consisting of human hepatoma cell line hep g2 [ asialoglycoprotein receptor ( + ) ] , hepatoma sk-hep 1 , imr-90 fibroblasts , and uterine smooth muscle [ receptor ( - ) ] cells . | NA | {
"id": "C0016030",
"name": "fibroblasts",
"pos": [
157,
168
]
} | {
"id": "C0007634",
"name": "cells",
"pos": [
216,
221
]
} |
the recognition and repair of the helix-stabilizing and relatively nondistortive cc-1065- ( n3-adenine ) -dna adduct by uvrabc nuclease has been investigated both in vivo with phi x174 rfi dna by a transfection assay and in vitro by a site-directed adduct in a 117 base pair fragment from m13mp1 . | NA | {
"id": "C0242958",
"name": "dna adduct",
"pos": [
106,
116
]
} | {
"id": "C0012854",
"name": "dna",
"pos": [
189,
192
]
} |
tissue plasminogen activator ( tpa ) was covalently linked by disulfide bonds to a monoclonal antibody specific for the amino terminus of the beta chain of fibrin ( antibody 59d8 ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0003250",
"name": "monoclonal antibody",
"pos": [
83,
102
]
} | {
"id": "C0003241",
"name": "antibody",
"pos": [
165,
173
]
} |
conjugation of tpa or uk to antibody 59d8 produced a 3.2-4.5-fold enhancement in clot lysis in human plasma over that of the respective unconjugated plasminogen activator . | NA | {
"id": "C0032143",
"name": "tpa",
"pos": [
15,
18
]
} | {
"id": "C0032144",
"name": "plasminogen activator",
"pos": [
149,
170
]
} |
we have shown previously that substitutions of glu-190 with either glutamine or aspartate resulted in a complete loss of sulfate activation and in decreased activities ; | NA | {
"id": "C0061472",
"name": "glu",
"pos": [
47,
50
]
} | {
"id": "C0017797",
"name": "glutamine",
"pos": [
67,
76
]
} |
this suggests that both direct protein-lipid electrostatic interactions and the ionic double layer , which gives rise to a low local ph around anionic vesicles , contribute to the shift in the transition ph . | NA | {
"id": "C0022023",
"name": "ionic",
"pos": [
80,
85
]
} | {
"id": "C0003075",
"name": "anionic",
"pos": [
143,
150
]
} |
dcmp can protect the enzyme against nem inactivation , but the dihydrofolate analogues methotrexate and aminopterin alone do not afford similar protection . | NA | {
"id": "C0025677",
"name": "methotrexate",
"pos": [
87,
99
]
} | {
"id": "C0002583",
"name": "aminopterin",
"pos": [
104,
115
]
} |
compared to dcmp alone , dcmp plus either methotrexate or aminopterin greatly enhances protection against nem inactivation . | NA | {
"id": "C0025677",
"name": "methotrexate",
"pos": [
42,
54
]
} | {
"id": "C0002583",
"name": "aminopterin",
"pos": [
58,
69
]
} |
the genes encoding anabaena and e. coli thioredoxin were fused via a common restriction site in the nucleotide sequence coding for the active site of the proteins to generate hybrid genes , coding for two chimeric thioredoxins . | NA | {
"id": "C0033684",
"name": "proteins",
"pos": [
154,
162
]
} | {
"id": "C0039938",
"name": "thioredoxins",
"pos": [
214,
226
]
} |
these proteins are designated anabaena-e. coli ( a-e ) thioredoxin for the construct with the anabaena sequence from the n-terminus to the middle of the active site and the e. coli sequence to the c-terminus , and e. coli-anabaena ( e-a ) for the opposite construct . | NA | {
"id": "C0033684",
"name": "proteins",
"pos": [
6,
14
]
} | {
"id": "C0039938",
"name": "thioredoxin",
"pos": [
55,
66
]
} |
as was found in murine c5 , the corresponding thiol ester region of human c5 contained several conserved amino acids , but the critical cysteine and glutamine residues which give rise to the intramolecular thiol ester bond in c3 , c4 , and alpha 2-macroglobulin were absent in c5 , having been replaced by serine and alanine , respectively . | NA | {
"id": "C0002520",
"name": "amino acids",
"pos": [
105,
116
]
} | {
"id": "C0001898",
"name": "alanine",
"pos": [
317,
324
]
} |
differential absorption spectroscopy and chemical titration demonstrated that human apo a-iv contains six tyrosine residues , four of which are buried in the hydrophobic interior of the protein and two of which are exposed on the protein surface . | NA | {
"id": "C0033684",
"name": "protein",
"pos": [
186,
193
]
} | {
"id": "C0025252",
"name": "protein surface",
"pos": [
230,
245
]
} |
multiple forms of the acute-phase serum protein saa were isolated from the lipoprotein fraction of plasma from a single individual . | NA | {
"id": "C0001347",
"name": "acute-phase",
"pos": [
22,
33
]
} | {
"id": "C0002723",
"name": "saa",
"pos": [
48,
51
]
} |
misincorporation opposite template bu residues catalyzed by maloney murine leukemia virus dna polymerase and dna polymerase beta ( novikoff hepatoma ) also increased with ph , but for these two enzymes , there was no apparent dependence on sequence context . | NA | {
"id": "C0012892",
"name": "dna polymerase",
"pos": [
90,
104
]
} | {
"id": "C0525039",
"name": "dna polymerase beta",
"pos": [
109,
128
]
} |
the surface density of the fluorescent probe n- ( lissamine rhodamine b sulfonyl ) dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine is the same in the two lipid leaflets of phosphatidylcholine bilayers containing the probe . | NA | {
"id": "C0000039",
"name": "dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine",
"pos": [
83,
113
]
} | {
"id": "C1959616",
"name": "phosphatidylcholine",
"pos": [
155,
174
]
} |
the influence of the detergent/protein and lipid/protein ratios on the yield of membrane bound enzyme is described . | NA | {
"id": "C0033684",
"name": "protein",
"pos": [
31,
38
]
} | {
"id": "C0025252",
"name": "protein",
"pos": [
49,
56
]
} |
the penultimate residue with dipeptidyl peptidase iv can be , beside proline and alanine , dehydroproline , hydroxyproline and pipecolic acid . | NA | {
"id": "C0033382",
"name": "proline",
"pos": [
69,
76
]
} | {
"id": "C0020388",
"name": "hydroxyproline",
"pos": [
108,
122
]
} |
apob from chylomicrons analyzed within 5 h of blood collection showed a single band with mobility identical to that of apob ( apob-100 ) in low-density lipoproteins . | NA | {
"id": "C0103839",
"name": "apob",
"pos": [
0,
4
]
} | {
"id": "C0003593",
"name": "apob",
"pos": [
126,
130
]
} |
apob from chylomicrons analyzed within 5 h of blood collection showed a single band with mobility identical to that of apob ( apob-100 ) in low-density lipoproteins . | NA | {
"id": "C0003593",
"name": "apob",
"pos": [
0,
4
]
} | {
"id": "C0205666",
"name": "apob-100",
"pos": [
126,
134
]
} |
when analyzed after 1-2 days , satellite bands smaller than apob-100 were observed , and a very faint band with mr 200,000 appeared , which comigrated with intestinal apob ( apob-48 ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0205666",
"name": "apob-100",
"pos": [
60,
68
]
} | {
"id": "C0003593",
"name": "apob",
"pos": [
174,
178
]
} |
when analyzed after 1-2 days , satellite bands smaller than apob-100 were observed , and a very faint band with mr 200,000 appeared , which comigrated with intestinal apob ( apob-48 ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0003593",
"name": "apob",
"pos": [
60,
64
]
} | {
"id": "C0103839",
"name": "apob-48",
"pos": [
174,
181
]
} |
although the stop codon has been discovered recently in intestinal apob mrna , which explains the mechanism for direct synthesis of apob-48 , apparently apob-100 is also synthesized in the intestine of all eight subjects studied here , and the apob-100 degrades to a form which is apob-48-like . | NA | {
"id": "C0003593",
"name": "apob",
"pos": [
67,
71
]
} | {
"id": "C0205666",
"name": "apob-100",
"pos": [
244,
252
]
} |
although the stop codon has been discovered recently in intestinal apob mrna , which explains the mechanism for direct synthesis of apob-48 , apparently apob-100 is also synthesized in the intestine of all eight subjects studied here , and the apob-100 degrades to a form which is apob-48-like . | NA | {
"id": "C0003593",
"name": "apob",
"pos": [
67,
71
]
} | {
"id": "C0103839",
"name": "apob-48",
"pos": [
281,
288
]
} |
these observations suggest that mitogens , as typified by pdgf , can facilitate the cellular delivery of ldl cholesterol by both ldl-receptor-mediated and non-ldl-receptor-mediated mechanisms to provide exogenous cholesterol for use during cell replication . | NA | {
"id": "C0023824",
"name": "ldl cholesterol",
"pos": [
105,
120
]
} | {
"id": "C0008377",
"name": "cholesterol",
"pos": [
213,
224
]
} |
the tgase secreted by j774 macrophages was internalized by i-cell disease fibroblasts , increasing the cellular content of tgase 10-fold after 8 h . | NA | {
"id": "C0016030",
"name": "fibroblasts",
"pos": [
74,
85
]
} | {
"id": "C0007634",
"name": "cellular",
"pos": [
103,
111
]
} |
the [ methyl-3h ] choline labeling of phosphocholine and of cdp-choline was twice as high in shr as in controls ; | NA | {
"id": "C0008405",
"name": "choline",
"pos": [
18,
25
]
} | {
"id": "C0031716",
"name": "phosphocholine",
"pos": [
38,
52
]
} |
the [ methyl-3h ] choline labeling of phosphocholine and of cdp-choline was twice as high in shr as in controls ; | NA | {
"id": "C0008405",
"name": "choline",
"pos": [
18,
25
]
} | {
"id": "C0010725",
"name": "cdp-choline",
"pos": [
60,
71
]
} |
the ability of various retinoids to compete with all-trans-retinoic acid for binding to crabp was assayed : 4-oxoretinoic acid and two synthetic retinoids were effective competitors , but 13-cis-retinoic acid , 3,4-didehydroretinoic acid and the acid derivative of etretinate competed poorly . | NA | {
"id": "C0035339",
"name": "retinoids",
"pos": [
23,
32
]
} | {
"id": "C0022265",
"name": "13-cis-retinoic acid",
"pos": [
188,
208
]
} |
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