text stringlengths 57 1.72k | relation stringclasses 125
values | h dict | t dict |
|---|---|---|---|
synthesis rate ( mg/g per d ) of protein in the sartorius muscle increased ( p less than 0.05 ) from 3.05 to 5.07 and increased ( p less than 0.1 ) from 2.57 to 4.06 in the intercostal muscle as dietary protein increased from 130 to 210 g/kg diet . | NA | {
"id": "C0033684",
"name": "protein",
"pos": [
33,
40
]
} | {
"id": "C0012177",
"name": "dietary protein",
"pos": [
195,
210
]
} |
soy exerted a hypocholesterolaemic effect in young rats regardless of dietary cholesterol , whereas in adult rats it was observed only when a cholesterol-enriched diet was given . | NA | {
"id": "C0008395",
"name": "dietary",
"pos": [
70,
77
]
} | {
"id": "C0008377",
"name": "cholesterol",
"pos": [
142,
153
]
} |
the major pathway of choline ( cho ) incorporation into phosphatidylcholine ( ptdcho ) in mammalian cells is sequential conversion of cho to phosphocholine ( pcho ) , cytidinediphosphate choline ( cdp-cho ) and ptdcho . | NA | {
"id": "C0031716",
"name": "phosphocholine",
"pos": [
141,
155
]
} | {
"id": "C0008405",
"name": "choline",
"pos": [
187,
194
]
} |
the major pathway of choline ( cho ) incorporation into phosphatidylcholine ( ptdcho ) in mammalian cells is sequential conversion of cho to phosphocholine ( pcho ) , cytidinediphosphate choline ( cdp-cho ) and ptdcho . | NA | {
"id": "C0008405",
"name": "choline",
"pos": [
21,
28
]
} | {
"id": "C0010725",
"name": "cdp-cho",
"pos": [
197,
204
]
} |
in intact cells , this sequence is usually demonstrated using radiolabeled cho since pcho and cdp-cho do not enter the cell intact . | NA | {
"id": "C0008405",
"name": "cho",
"pos": [
75,
78
]
} | {
"id": "C0031716",
"name": "pcho",
"pos": [
85,
89
]
} |
in intact cells , this sequence is usually demonstrated using radiolabeled cho since pcho and cdp-cho do not enter the cell intact . | NA | {
"id": "C0008405",
"name": "cho",
"pos": [
75,
78
]
} | {
"id": "C0010725",
"name": "cdp-cho",
"pos": [
94,
101
]
} |
we have studied the incorporation of radiolabeled cho , pcho and cdp-cho into rat glioma ( c6 ) cells following electropermeabilization . | NA | {
"id": "C0008405",
"name": "cho",
"pos": [
50,
53
]
} | {
"id": "C0031716",
"name": "pcho",
"pos": [
56,
60
]
} |
we have studied the incorporation of radiolabeled cho , pcho and cdp-cho into rat glioma ( c6 ) cells following electropermeabilization . | NA | {
"id": "C0008405",
"name": "cho",
"pos": [
50,
53
]
} | {
"id": "C0010725",
"name": "cdp-cho",
"pos": [
65,
72
]
} |
despite rapid incorporation of [ methyl-3h ] cho into ptdcho in permeabilized cells , there was no incorporation of [ methyl-14c ] pcho or cdp- [ methyl-14c ] cho into ptdcho . | NA | {
"id": "C0031716",
"name": "pcho",
"pos": [
131,
135
]
} | {
"id": "C0008405",
"name": "cho",
"pos": [
171,
174
]
} |
pcho ( 300 microm ) and cdp-cho ( 300 microm ) failed to significantly reduce incorporation of 28 microm [ methyl-3h ] cho into ptdcho . | NA | {
"id": "C0031716",
"name": "pcho",
"pos": [
0,
4
]
} | {
"id": "C0008405",
"name": "cho",
"pos": [
131,
134
]
} |
pcho ( 300 microm ) and cdp-cho ( 300 microm ) failed to significantly reduce incorporation of 28 microm [ methyl-3h ] cho into ptdcho . | NA | {
"id": "C0010725",
"name": "cdp-cho",
"pos": [
24,
31
]
} | {
"id": "C0008405",
"name": "cho",
"pos": [
131,
134
]
} |
radioactivity in ptdcho of cells prelabeled with [ methyl-3h ] cho prior to permeabilization could be chased with 4 mm cho but not with 4 mm pcho or 4 mm cdp-cho . | NA | {
"id": "C0008405",
"name": "cho",
"pos": [
20,
23
]
} | {
"id": "C0031716",
"name": "pcho",
"pos": [
141,
145
]
} |
radioactivity in ptdcho of cells prelabeled with [ methyl-3h ] cho prior to permeabilization could be chased with 4 mm cho but not with 4 mm pcho or 4 mm cdp-cho . | NA | {
"id": "C0008405",
"name": "cho",
"pos": [
20,
23
]
} | {
"id": "C0010725",
"name": "cdp-cho",
"pos": [
154,
161
]
} |
the adsorption of reductively 14c-methylated apolipoproteins to phospholipid monolayers spread at the air/water interface was determined by monitoring the surface pressure of the mixed monolayer and the surface concentration of the apoprotein . | NA | {
"id": "C0003591",
"name": "apolipoproteins",
"pos": [
45,
60
]
} | {
"id": "C0003601",
"name": "apoprotein",
"pos": [
232,
242
]
} |
the order of binding capacities was promethazine greater than chloramphenicol greater than amiodarone = desethylamiodarone greater than promazine greater than chlorpromazine greater than trimipramine greater than propranolol greater than imipramine much greater than chlorphentermine , phentermine , chloroquine , chlorimipramine , cyclizine and chlorcyclizine . | NA | {
"id": "C0008283",
"name": "chlorphentermine",
"pos": [
267,
283
]
} | {
"id": "C0031447",
"name": "phentermine",
"pos": [
286,
297
]
} |
hydrophilic binding was in the order chlorpromazine greater than chlorimipramine greater than promazine greater than trimipramine greater than imipramine greater than chlorcyclizine greater than propranolol greater than promethazine greater than chlorphentermine greater than cyclizine greater than phentermine greater than chloroquine much greater than chloramphenicol , amiodarone and desethylamiodarone . | NA | {
"id": "C0008283",
"name": "chlorphentermine",
"pos": [
246,
262
]
} | {
"id": "C0031447",
"name": "phentermine",
"pos": [
299,
310
]
} |
rats with a bile fistula were injected with an intravenous bolus of high-density lipoprotein recombinants containing free [ 14c ] cholesterol and [ 3h ] cholesteryl esters . | NA | {
"id": "C0008377",
"name": "cholesterol",
"pos": [
130,
141
]
} | {
"id": "C0008387",
"name": "cholesteryl esters",
"pos": [
153,
171
]
} |
results showed ( 1 ) that bile free [ 14c ] cholesterol secretion was a constant and linear proportion of the whole liver free [ 14c ] cholesterol pool , ( 2 ) that secretion into bile of free [ 3h ] cholesterol was in direct proportion to the rate of hydrolysis of hepatic [ 3h ] cholesteryl esters , and ( 3 ) that rates of biliary cholesterol secretion were very similar when secretion was calculated using the specific activity of free [ 14c ] cholesterol and free [ 3h ] cholesterol in the entire liver to 'label ' the precursor free cholesterol pool . | NA | {
"id": "C0008387",
"name": "cholesteryl esters",
"pos": [
281,
299
]
} | {
"id": "C0008377",
"name": "cholesterol",
"pos": [
539,
550
]
} |
these results indicate that the porphyrins , responsible for loss of clonogenicity , are present in relatively small amounts in hpd and unpurified protoporphyrin and are preferentially taken up by the cells . | NA | {
"id": "C0032712",
"name": "porphyrins",
"pos": [
32,
42
]
} | {
"id": "C0033733",
"name": "protoporphyrin",
"pos": [
147,
161
]
} |
in contrast , protein kinase c inhibitor and dbcamp ( n6-2'-o-di-butyryladenosine 3':5'-cyclic monophosphate amp ) promote a round cell morphology with many surface folds . | NA | {
"id": "C0012054",
"name": "dbcamp",
"pos": [
45,
51
]
} | {
"id": "C0001455",
"name": "cyclic",
"pos": [
88,
94
]
} |
prior conversion of hemoglobin to the carbonmonoxy form abolished the response to peroxide , while 200 microm butylated hydroxytoluene ( bht ) exerted only partial inhibition , suggesting that the effect of h2o2 requires interaction of activated , unstable hemoglobin species with the membrane , but that lipid peroxidation is not sufficient . | NA | {
"id": "C0031180",
"name": "peroxide",
"pos": [
82,
90
]
} | {
"id": "C0020281",
"name": "h2o2",
"pos": [
207,
211
]
} |
eight anionic buffers with relatively high ionic strength ( e.g. , phosphate and diethylmalonic acid ( dma ] yielded ghosts requiring atp for shape change , while two cationic buffers ( bistris and imidazole ) and ten synthetic zwitterionic buffers ( e.g. , tricine and hepes ) with lower ionic strength produced ghosts that smoothed spontaneously at 30 degrees c . | NA | {
"id": "C0003075",
"name": "anionic",
"pos": [
6,
13
]
} | {
"id": "C0031603",
"name": "phosphate",
"pos": [
67,
76
]
} |
fusion in such aggregated liposomes was observed by the addition of chaotropic anions , such as nitrate or thiocyanate , or by pasp . | NA | {
"id": "C0003075",
"name": "anions",
"pos": [
79,
85
]
} | {
"id": "C0028125",
"name": "nitrate",
"pos": [
96,
103
]
} |
as a whole , the intracellular to extracellular distribution ratios for neutral amino acids that are preferred substrates for na+-dependent systems were decreased on lipopolysaccharide treatment , whereas those for amino acids that are mainly transported by a na+-independent system were slightly increased . | NA | {
"id": "C0301715",
"name": "neutral amino acids",
"pos": [
72,
91
]
} | {
"id": "C0002520",
"name": "amino acids",
"pos": [
215,
226
]
} |
using the lipid-soluble spin trap 2-methyl-nitrosopropane ( mnp ) , we have detected both the lipid and hydrogen-atom spin adducts in liposomes composed of a fully saturated phospholipid ( dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine , dmpc ) with various mol fractions of unsaturated phospholipid ( 1-palmitoyl-2-arachidonoylphosphatidylcholine , papc ) or fatty acid ( arachidonic acid , aa ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0031676",
"name": "phospholipid",
"pos": [
174,
186
]
} | {
"id": "C0771648",
"name": "fractions of",
"pos": [
246,
258
]
} |
the inhibitive effects of chloride anion on the activity of mitochondrial aspartate aminotransferase ( l-aspartate : 2-oxoglutarate-aminotransferase ec . | NA | {
"id": "C0008203",
"name": "chloride",
"pos": [
26,
34
]
} | {
"id": "C0003075",
"name": "anion",
"pos": [
35,
40
]
} |
the inactivated enzyme was found to lose radiolabel over a period of a few days at 37 degrees c but even in the presence of the coenzyme , pyridoxal phosphate , no enzyme activity returned . | NA | {
"id": "C0009235",
"name": "coenzyme",
"pos": [
128,
136
]
} | {
"id": "C0034266",
"name": "pyridoxal phosphate",
"pos": [
139,
158
]
} |
the fact that l-norleucine-leucine aminotransferase , 4-aminobutyrate aminotransferase and delta-aminovalerate aminotransferase are strongly induced by growing the yeast candida on l-lysine suggests new hypothetic pathways for the catabolism of l-lysine where the main substrate of each aminotransferase could be an intermediary metabolite . | NA | {
"id": "C0064785",
"name": "leucine aminotransferase",
"pos": [
27,
51
]
} | {
"id": "C0002594",
"name": "aminotransferase",
"pos": [
287,
303
]
} |
the fact that l-norleucine-leucine aminotransferase , 4-aminobutyrate aminotransferase and delta-aminovalerate aminotransferase are strongly induced by growing the yeast candida on l-lysine suggests new hypothetic pathways for the catabolism of l-lysine where the main substrate of each aminotransferase could be an intermediary metabolite . | NA | {
"id": "C0002543",
"name": "4-aminobutyrate aminotransferase",
"pos": [
54,
86
]
} | {
"id": "C0002594",
"name": "aminotransferase",
"pos": [
287,
303
]
} |
the intrinsic fluorescence spectra of tryptophan residues of the apoprotein ( apo b-100 ) revealed that the incorporation of lps molecules into ldl particles is accompanied by minor changes in the conformation and orientation of the apo b molecule . | NA | {
"id": "C0205666",
"name": "apo b-100",
"pos": [
78,
87
]
} | {
"id": "C0003593",
"name": "apo b",
"pos": [
233,
238
]
} |
extracellular mg2+ appears to enter the cell and exchange with an intracellularly located pool of 28mg in the same manner , regardless of whether the accompanying anion is sulfate , chloride or monoaspartate hydrochloride . | NA | {
"id": "C0003075",
"name": "anion",
"pos": [
163,
168
]
} | {
"id": "C0038720",
"name": "sulfate",
"pos": [
172,
179
]
} |
extracellular mg2+ appears to enter the cell and exchange with an intracellularly located pool of 28mg in the same manner , regardless of whether the accompanying anion is sulfate , chloride or monoaspartate hydrochloride . | NA | {
"id": "C0003075",
"name": "anion",
"pos": [
163,
168
]
} | {
"id": "C0008203",
"name": "chloride",
"pos": [
213,
221
]
} |
the order of potency of a series of agonists to compete for [ 125i ] cyp binding is consistent with interaction with a beta 2-subtype receptor : zinterol greater than ( - ) isoproterenol greater than ( - ) epinephrine much greater than ( - ) norepinephrine . | NA | {
"id": "C0014563",
"name": "epinephrine",
"pos": [
206,
217
]
} | {
"id": "C0028351",
"name": "norepinephrine",
"pos": [
242,
256
]
} |
in particular the circumpulpar and mantle dentine were examined to determine levels of calcium , phosphorus and sulphur , the basic elements involved in the process of biomineralization . | NA | {
"id": "C0031705",
"name": "phosphorus",
"pos": [
97,
107
]
} | {
"id": "C0013879",
"name": "elements",
"pos": [
132,
140
]
} |
weight for age and monthly change in weight averaged over one and three months were calculated . | NA | {
"id": "C0005910",
"name": "weight",
"pos": [
0,
6
]
} | {
"id": "C0005911",
"name": "change in weight",
"pos": [
27,
43
]
} |
appreciable gaps in their ability to give practical and appropriate dietary advice were also identified : 35 gave advice that would have led to the patient losing weight ( although his history indicated that he was not overweight ) , and 27 gave only negative advice , offering no suggestions about substituting healthy foods for unhealthy ones . | NA | {
"id": "C0005910",
"name": "weight",
"pos": [
163,
169
]
} | {
"id": "C0497406",
"name": "overweight",
"pos": [
219,
229
]
} |
the inhibitory effects of oxodipine , a new dihydropyridine , were compared with those of nifedipine on contractile responses in rat isolated aortic strips and on spontaneous mechanical activity in portal vein segments . | NA | {
"id": "C0012315",
"name": "dihydropyridine",
"pos": [
44,
59
]
} | {
"id": "C0028066",
"name": "nifedipine",
"pos": [
90,
100
]
} |
alpha-amino acids ( l-alpha-alanine , and d-alpha-alanine , and l-serine ) , and glycine-methylester , glycine-ethylester and beta-amino acids ( beta-alanine and taurine ) produced a transient inward cl- current , which was similar to that induced by glycine . | NA | {
"id": "C0001898",
"name": "alanine",
"pos": [
28,
35
]
} | {
"id": "C0000392",
"name": "beta-alanine",
"pos": [
145,
157
]
} |
alpha-amino acids ( l-alpha-alanine , and d-alpha-alanine , and l-serine ) , and glycine-methylester , glycine-ethylester and beta-amino acids ( beta-alanine and taurine ) produced a transient inward cl- current , which was similar to that induced by glycine . | NA | {
"id": "C0002520",
"name": "amino acids",
"pos": [
6,
17
]
} | {
"id": "C0017890",
"name": "glycine",
"pos": [
251,
258
]
} |
beta-amino acids were slightly more potent than the alpha-amino acids in causing cross-desensitization of the glycine response . | NA | {
"id": "C0002520",
"name": "amino acids",
"pos": [
5,
16
]
} | {
"id": "C0017890",
"name": "glycine",
"pos": [
110,
117
]
} |
the present study was designed to evaluate the effects of defibrotide on infarct size and regional myocardial blood flow in a rabbit model of myocardial ischaemia and reperfusion . | NA | {
"id": "C0021308",
"name": "infarct",
"pos": [
73,
80
]
} | {
"id": "C0022116",
"name": "ischaemia",
"pos": [
153,
162
]
} |
no release of acetylcholinesterase , either spontaneous or k+-evoked was observed in tissue freed of the nerve plexus , although release of butyrylcholinesterase still occurred . | NA | {
"id": "C0001044",
"name": "acetylcholinesterase",
"pos": [
14,
34
]
} | {
"id": "C0008429",
"name": "butyrylcholinesterase",
"pos": [
140,
161
]
} |
carbachol induced a marked ca2+-dependent increase in the release of acetylcholinesterase but had no effect on the release of butyrylcholinesterase or lactate dehydrogenase . | NA | {
"id": "C0001044",
"name": "acetylcholinesterase",
"pos": [
69,
89
]
} | {
"id": "C0008429",
"name": "butyrylcholinesterase",
"pos": [
126,
147
]
} |
four readily soluble molecular forms of acetylcholinesterase and three soluble molecular forms of butyrylcholinesterase were present in innervated longitudinal muscle strips , but insignificant amounts of acetylcholinesterase were detected in denervated strips of muscle . | NA | {
"id": "C0008429",
"name": "butyrylcholinesterase",
"pos": [
98,
119
]
} | {
"id": "C0001044",
"name": "acetylcholinesterase",
"pos": [
205,
225
]
} |
it is concluded that acetylcholinesterase is secreted from the nerves of auerbach 's plexus in response to depolarizing stimuli or to nicotinic cholinergic stimulation , while butyrylcholinesterase is secreted from non-neural elements , possibly the longitudinal muscle cells , of guinea-pig ileum in response to a depolarizing stimulus . | NA | {
"id": "C0001044",
"name": "acetylcholinesterase",
"pos": [
21,
41
]
} | {
"id": "C0008429",
"name": "butyrylcholinesterase",
"pos": [
176,
197
]
} |
four 3-alkylxanthines ( 3-methylxanthine , 3-n-propylxanthine ( enprofylline ) , 3-n-butylxanthine and 3-iso-butylxanthine ) and four 1-methyl-3-alkylxanthines ( 1-methyl-3-methylxanthine ( theophylline ) , 1-methyl-3-n-propylxanthine , 1-methyl-3-n-butylxanthine and 1-methyl-3-iso-butylxanthine ( ibmx ] , were compared in terms of cyclic amp phosphodiesterase ( pde ) inhibition and trachealis muscle relaxation . | NA | {
"id": "C0039771",
"name": "theophylline",
"pos": [
190,
202
]
} | {
"id": "C0000096",
"name": "ibmx",
"pos": [
299,
303
]
} |
since methylation of the 1-position of each 3-alkylxanthine increased the potency of the derivative in inhibiting low km cyclic amp pde and in relaxing trachealis muscle and since a strong positive correlation was observed between the relaxant ec50 and the ki value of each xanthine derivative , it is suggested that low km cyclic amp pde inhibition by xanthines plays an important role in their tracheal relaxant effect . | NA | {
"id": "C0043314",
"name": "derivative",
"pos": [
89,
99
]
} | {
"id": "C0043318",
"name": "xanthines",
"pos": [
353,
362
]
} |
the putative calmodulin antagonists , chlorpromazine , promethazine , thioridazine ( phenothiazines ) and w-7 ( a naphthalene sulphonamide ) all inhibited histamine release in the presence of divalent cations in both untreated cells and in rpmc depleted of their intracellular calcium . | NA | {
"id": "C0008286",
"name": "chlorpromazine",
"pos": [
38,
52
]
} | {
"id": "C0031436",
"name": "phenothiazines",
"pos": [
85,
99
]
} |
the putative calmodulin antagonists , chlorpromazine , promethazine , thioridazine ( phenothiazines ) and w-7 ( a naphthalene sulphonamide ) all inhibited histamine release in the presence of divalent cations in both untreated cells and in rpmc depleted of their intracellular calcium . | NA | {
"id": "C0033405",
"name": "promethazine",
"pos": [
55,
67
]
} | {
"id": "C0031436",
"name": "phenothiazines",
"pos": [
85,
99
]
} |
the putative calmodulin antagonists , chlorpromazine , promethazine , thioridazine ( phenothiazines ) and w-7 ( a naphthalene sulphonamide ) all inhibited histamine release in the presence of divalent cations in both untreated cells and in rpmc depleted of their intracellular calcium . | NA | {
"id": "C0039943",
"name": "thioridazine",
"pos": [
70,
82
]
} | {
"id": "C0031436",
"name": "phenothiazines",
"pos": [
85,
99
]
} |
the effect on inositol phospholipid hydrolysis was mimicked by the membrane permeant analogues of cyclic amp , dibutrylcyclic amp ( 1 mm ) and 8-bromo-cyclic amp ( 1 mm ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0001455",
"name": "cyclic amp",
"pos": [
98,
108
]
} | {
"id": "C0000661",
"name": "8-bromo-cyclic amp",
"pos": [
143,
161
]
} |
however , a significant inhibition of [ 3h ] -inositol phosphate accumulation could be demonstrated under conditions in which there was no change in the level of [ 3h ] -inositol incorporation . | NA | {
"id": "C0021554",
"name": "inositol phosphate",
"pos": [
46,
64
]
} | {
"id": "C0021547",
"name": "inositol",
"pos": [
170,
178
]
} |
adenosine and atp had inhibitory actions that could be prevented by the p1-receptor blocker 8-phenyltheophylline . | NA | {
"id": "C0001443",
"name": "adenosine",
"pos": [
0,
9
]
} | {
"id": "C0001480",
"name": "atp",
"pos": [
14,
17
]
} |
the stable nucleotides had no consistent effects on the firing rate of single neurones in stratum pyramidale of the ca1 region , although adenosine and atp produced a xanthine-sensitive inhibition . | NA | {
"id": "C0001443",
"name": "adenosine",
"pos": [
138,
147
]
} | {
"id": "C0001480",
"name": "atp",
"pos": [
152,
155
]
} |
three stable prostacyclin analogues , iloprost , cicaprost and 6a-carba-prostacyclin ( 6a-carba-pgi2 ) and a prostaglandin endoperoxide analogue ep 157 ( previously shown to mimic prostacyclin on human platelets ) were used . | NA | {
"id": "C0079594",
"name": "iloprost",
"pos": [
38,
46
]
} | {
"id": "C0033568",
"name": "prostaglandin",
"pos": [
109,
122
]
} |
the analogues ile-ser-bk ( t-kinin ) and lys-lys-bk , which interact with both b1 and b2 bk receptors , produced pressor effects similar to those of bk , although of greater duration , whereas des-arg9-bk , a b1-receptor agonist , had no effect . | NA | {
"id": "C0022474",
"name": "lys",
"pos": [
41,
44
]
} | {
"id": "C0006100",
"name": "bk",
"pos": [
202,
204
]
} |
the b1-antagonist des-arg9- [ leu8 ] -bk did not alter the bk pressor response , but d-arg- [ hyp3 , thi5,8 , d-phe7 ] -bk , which interacts both with b1- and b2-receptors blocked the responses to bk , t-kinin and lys-lys-bk and caused parallel shifts to the right of the bk dose-response curves . | NA | {
"id": "C0022474",
"name": "lys",
"pos": [
214,
217
]
} | {
"id": "C0006100",
"name": "bk",
"pos": [
272,
274
]
} |
in dogs treated 3 times daily with diazepam , 2 mg kg-1 orally , for 2 weeks , severe abstinence symptoms were precipitated in all animals by infusion of either antagonist but differences were found in the type of the symptoms : ro 15-1788 induced rigid postures or rigid walking with increased muscle tone , tremor , twitches and jerks , whereas zk 93426 did not alter motility but induced generalized myoclonic jerks and tonic-clonic seizures . | NA | {
"id": "C0026837",
"name": "rigid",
"pos": [
248,
253
]
} | {
"id": "C0026826",
"name": "increased muscle tone",
"pos": [
285,
306
]
} |
plasma level determinations during chronic treatment diazepam showed marked accumulation of the major active metabolite desmethyldiazepam , whereas diazepam levels were at least 15 times lower , which might suggest that desmethyldiazepam was responsible for the development of physical dependence on diazepam . | NA | {
"id": "C0011279",
"name": "desmethyldiazepam",
"pos": [
120,
137
]
} | {
"id": "C0012010",
"name": "diazepam",
"pos": [
300,
308
]
} |
in conscious rabbits intracerebroventricular ( i.c.v . ) morphine ( 10 and 50 micrograms kg-1 ) caused a dose-related increase in plasma noradrenaline and adrenaline , respiratory depression and sedation . | NA | {
"id": "C0028351",
"name": "noradrenaline",
"pos": [
137,
150
]
} | {
"id": "C0014563",
"name": "adrenaline",
"pos": [
155,
165
]
} |
the adenosine analogue 5'-n-ethylcarboxamide-adenosine ( neca ) and l-n6-phenyl-isopropyl-adenosine ( l-pia ) inhibited pmn oxygen metabolite generation with relative potencies ( neca greater than adenosine greater than l-pia ) characteristic of an a2 receptor . | NA | {
"id": "C0050789",
"name": "adenosine",
"pos": [
4,
13
]
} | {
"id": "C0001443",
"name": "adenosine",
"pos": [
197,
206
]
} |
for comparison , sk & f 94120 , theophylline and 3-isobutyl-1-methyl-xanthine ( ibmx ) were examined as phosphodiesterase inhibitors whilst n6-cyclohexyladenosine , r ( - ) -n6- ( 2-phenylisopropyl ) -adenosine , 5'-n-ethylcarboxamido-adenosine , 2-nitrobenzylthioinosine , theophylline and ibmx were examined for their affinity for adenosine binding sites . | NA | {
"id": "C0000096",
"name": "3-isobutyl-1-methyl-xanthine",
"pos": [
49,
77
]
} | {
"id": "C0039771",
"name": "theophylline",
"pos": [
274,
286
]
} |
for comparison , sk & f 94120 , theophylline and 3-isobutyl-1-methyl-xanthine ( ibmx ) were examined as phosphodiesterase inhibitors whilst n6-cyclohexyladenosine , r ( - ) -n6- ( 2-phenylisopropyl ) -adenosine , 5'-n-ethylcarboxamido-adenosine , 2-nitrobenzylthioinosine , theophylline and ibmx were examined for their affinity for adenosine binding sites . | NA | {
"id": "C0050789",
"name": "5",
"pos": [
213,
214
]
} | {
"id": "C0001443",
"name": "adenosine",
"pos": [
333,
342
]
} |
ryanodine ( 10 ( -5 ) -10 ( -4 ) m ) or a non-hydrolysable gtp analogue , gtp gamma s ( 10 ( -5 ) -10 ( -3 ) m ) introduced into the cell abolished stoc discharge within 2-5 min . | NA | {
"id": "C0018353",
"name": "gtp",
"pos": [
59,
62
]
} | {
"id": "C0079469",
"name": "gtp gamma s",
"pos": [
74,
85
]
} |
if cyclic amp ( 10 ( -3 ) m ) or cyclic gmp ( 10 ( -3 ) m ) was introduced into the cell , or 8-bromo cyclic amp ( 0.5 x 10 ( -3 ) m ) or 8-bromo cyclic gmp ( 0.5 x 10 ( -3 ) m ) applied to the cell in the bathing solution , stoc discharge was only slightly affected . | NA | {
"id": "C0001455",
"name": "cyclic amp",
"pos": [
3,
13
]
} | {
"id": "C0000661",
"name": "8-bromo cyclic amp",
"pos": [
94,
112
]
} |
our results of in vivo pharmacology and in vitro [ 3h ] prazosin binding in canine narcolepsy now clearly implicate the low affinity [ 3h ] prazosin binding site ( alpha 1b ) in canine narcolepsy : ( 1 ) prazosin , an alpha 1 antagonist with similar affinity for both subtypes , was much more potent in increasing cataplexy than wb4101 , a compound with more affinity for the alpha 1a receptor . | NA | {
"id": "C0027404",
"name": "narcolepsy",
"pos": [
83,
93
]
} | {
"id": "C0007384",
"name": "cataplexy",
"pos": [
314,
323
]
} |
for the purpose of examining possible involvement of the cyclic adenosine monophosphate ( camp ) system and adrenergic receptors in the modulatory effect of noradrenaline ( na ) on the glutamate-induced depolarizing response , the effects of dibutyryl camp ( dbcamp ) , forskolin , theophylline , clonidine , isoproterenol and propranolol were intracellularly investigated in the cerebellar neurons cultured from chick embryos . | NA | {
"id": "C0001455",
"name": "cyclic adenosine",
"pos": [
57,
73
]
} | {
"id": "C0012054",
"name": "dibutyryl camp",
"pos": [
242,
256
]
} |
the advantages of this model over previously reported rat models are that it does not require invasive challenges , pre-treatment with mucolytic agents to enhance antigen penetration , or the use of haptens , and is therefore more representative of the mode of allergen challenge seen in human hay fever conjunctivitis . | NA | {
"id": "C0003320",
"name": "antigen",
"pos": [
163,
170
]
} | {
"id": "C0002092",
"name": "allergen",
"pos": [
261,
269
]
} |
furthermore , there is emerging evidence that lipoprotein ( a ) is the missing link between the lipoprotein and coagulation systems , acting perhaps as a vehicle which delivers cholesterol to the site of intravascular damage , or as an inhibitor of plasminogen activation at the site of an evolving thrombus . | NA | {
"id": "C0065058",
"name": "lipoprotein",
"pos": [
46,
57
]
} | {
"id": "C0023820",
"name": "lipoprotein",
"pos": [
96,
107
]
} |
on the contrary , feeding high-fat diets to sedentary rats living in the warm ( 25 degrees c ) induces hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance resulting in a marked deterioration of glucose tolerance . | NA | {
"id": "C0020459",
"name": "hyperinsulinemia",
"pos": [
103,
119
]
} | {
"id": "C0021655",
"name": "insulin resistance",
"pos": [
124,
142
]
} |
hypomelanosis ( leukoderma ) may be divided histopathologically into melanocytopenic disorders on which melanocytes are absent ( eg , vogt-koyanagi-harada syndrome and vitiligo ) , melanopenic disorders in which melanocytes are present but melanin is reduced ( eg , nevus depigmentosus and incontinentia pigmenti achromians ) , and nonmelanotic disorders in which melanin pigmentation is unaffected ( nevus anemicus ) and the pigmentary abnormality is caused by something other than melanin . | NA | {
"id": "C0162835",
"name": "leukoderma",
"pos": [
16,
26
]
} | {
"id": "C0042900",
"name": "vitiligo",
"pos": [
168,
176
]
} |
phorbol ester 12-0-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate ( tpa ) and interferon-gamma ( ifn-gamma ) were able to induce several phenotypic changes on wsu-bl cells . | NA | {
"id": "C0031586",
"name": "phorbol ester",
"pos": [
0,
13
]
} | {
"id": "C0039654",
"name": "tetradecanoylphorbol",
"pos": [
19,
39
]
} |
it also disclosed an unusual heterogeneity of chromosome 16 abnormalities with respect to their distribution among fab subtypes , their association with marrow eosinophilia , and their participation with other chromosomes in translocations . | NA | {
"id": "C0008626",
"name": "of chromosome",
"pos": [
43,
56
]
} | {
"id": "C0040715",
"name": "translocations",
"pos": [
225,
239
]
} |
the h-35 rat hepatoma , a cell line which is relatively resistant to the classical anthracycline antibiotics such as adriamycin [ the concentration of drug which inhibits cell proliferation by 5090 ( ic50 ) = 2.5 microm ] and daunorubicin ( ic50 of 0.5 microm ) , is markedly more sensitive to the 4-demethoxydaunorubicin derivative , idarubicin ( ic50 of 0.025 microm ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0011015",
"name": "daunorubicin",
"pos": [
226,
238
]
} | {
"id": "C0020789",
"name": "idarubicin",
"pos": [
335,
345
]
} |
in contrast to daunorubicin , which has previously been shown to inhibit hepatoma cell proliferation in the absence of perceptible dna cleavage , idarubicin induces concentration-dependent dna damage which may account for its enhanced capacity to inhibit proliferation of the rat hepatoma . | NA | {
"id": "C0011015",
"name": "daunorubicin",
"pos": [
15,
27
]
} | {
"id": "C0020789",
"name": "idarubicin",
"pos": [
146,
156
]
} |
functional gains were greatest in children operated on under the age of 8 , but pleasing results were also achieved in older children . | NA | {
"id": "C0008059",
"name": "children",
"pos": [
34,
42
]
} | {
"id": "C1455726",
"name": "older children",
"pos": [
119,
133
]
} |
multivariate discriminant analysis selected , as significant predictors of cardiac death , digitalis therapy , appearance of bundle branch block , previous myocardial infarction and anterior location of the myocardial infarction among the clin variables , while exercise duration and lv ejection fraction were selected among the et and cath variables , respectively . | NA | {
"id": "C0027051",
"name": "myocardial infarction",
"pos": [
156,
177
]
} | {
"id": "C0340293",
"name": "anterior",
"pos": [
182,
190
]
} |
of these , 10 patients had stable angina and critical coronary artery disease ( cad , group i ) , 12 patients with variant angina ( va ) and no or minor coronary atherosclerosis ( group ii ) , and 10 patients with angina and normal coronary arteries ( syndrome x ( sx ) , group iii ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0340288",
"name": "stable angina",
"pos": [
27,
40
]
} | {
"id": "C0002962",
"name": "angina",
"pos": [
214,
220
]
} |
of these , 10 patients had stable angina and critical coronary artery disease ( cad , group i ) , 12 patients with variant angina ( va ) and no or minor coronary atherosclerosis ( group ii ) , and 10 patients with angina and normal coronary arteries ( syndrome x ( sx ) , group iii ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0002962",
"name": "angina",
"pos": [
34,
40
]
} | {
"id": "C0206064",
"name": "syndrome x",
"pos": [
252,
262
]
} |
isosorbide-5-mononitrate ( is-5-mn ) is an active metabolite of isosorbide dinitrate with a longer plasma half life . | NA | {
"id": "C0064079",
"name": "isosorbide-5-mononitrate",
"pos": [
0,
24
]
} | {
"id": "C0022252",
"name": "isosorbide",
"pos": [
64,
74
]
} |
we measured 24 hour urinary 6k-pgf1 alpha , the stable metabolite of prostacyclin , basal plasma renin activity ( pra ) and plasma aldosterone , exercise-release of epinephrine and norepinephrine at the end of each phase of the study . | NA | {
"id": "C0014563",
"name": "epinephrine",
"pos": [
165,
176
]
} | {
"id": "C0028351",
"name": "norepinephrine",
"pos": [
181,
195
]
} |
here we report that purified eve protein represses transcription in vitro at the ubx promoter , in a dna binding site-dependent manner . eve protein represses transcription when bound either upstream or downstream of the rna start site or when dna binding sites are in either orientation . | NA | {
"id": "C0033684",
"name": "protein",
"pos": [
33,
40
]
} | {
"id": "C0012940",
"name": "dna binding",
"pos": [
244,
255
]
} |
drug interactions between the aminoglycosides ( tobramycin and gentamicin ) and atracurium and vecuronium were studied prospectively in 44 patients . | NA | {
"id": "C0002556",
"name": "aminoglycosides",
"pos": [
30,
45
]
} | {
"id": "C0017436",
"name": "gentamicin",
"pos": [
63,
73
]
} |
of the 143 chemical studies evaluated , usually involving male and female rats and mice , 42 ( 29 % ) did not induce any neoplasms , 20 ( 14 % ) gave marginal or equivocal neoplastic responses , and 81 ( 57 % ) showed positive neoplastic responses in one or more of the 524 species-gender experiments . | NA | {
"id": "C0086582",
"name": "male",
"pos": [
58,
62
]
} | {
"id": "C0079399",
"name": "gender",
"pos": [
282,
288
]
} |
compounds exhibiting much lower rf values than adm in both resistant cell lines were identified as those anthracyclines with 9-alkyl substituents and those with certain changes to the amino sugar residue at position 3 ' and 4 ' , together with the anthracenedione mitoxantrone ( mit ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0003174",
"name": "anthracenedione",
"pos": [
248,
263
]
} | {
"id": "C0026259",
"name": "mitoxantrone",
"pos": [
264,
276
]
} |
responses were noted in patients with osteosarcoma , ewing 's sarcoma , rhabdomyosarcoma and other soft-tissue sarcomas , rhabdoid tumor , neuroblastoma , wilms ' tumor , primitive neuroectodermal tumor , retinoblastoma , germ-cell tumors , and b-cell lymphoma . | NA | {
"id": "C0029463",
"name": "osteosarcoma",
"pos": [
38,
50
]
} | {
"id": "C0553580",
"name": "ewing 's sarcoma",
"pos": [
53,
69
]
} |
consequently , in 1985 ifo was incorporated into first-line chemotherapy for newly diagnosed patients ( replacing cyclophosphamide ) and given in combination with vincristine , actinomycin d , and adriamycin ( vaia ) in patients considered to be at high risk for relapse . | NA | {
"id": "C0020823",
"name": "ifo",
"pos": [
23,
26
]
} | {
"id": "C0010583",
"name": "cyclophosphamide",
"pos": [
114,
130
]
} |
in the subsequent cws-86 study , cyclophosphamide was replaced by ifosfamide ( vaia ) in the expectation that the combination vaia might be more effective than vaca . | NA | {
"id": "C0020823",
"name": "ifosfamide",
"pos": [
66,
76
]
} | {
"id": "C0010583",
"name": "vaca",
"pos": [
160,
164
]
} |
this assay is well suited for measuring lp ( a ) in plasma and in lipoprotein fractions and also for screening programs evaluating this significant genetic risk factor for the development of atherosclerosis . | NA | {
"id": "C0065058",
"name": "lp ( a",
"pos": [
40,
46
]
} | {
"id": "C0023820",
"name": "lipoprotein",
"pos": [
66,
77
]
} |
we developed an automated enzymatic method for determination of the branched-chain amino acids ( bcaas ; valine , isoleucine , leucine ) and tyrosine in serum , and applied it to the clinical evaluation of patients with various hepatic diseases . | NA | {
"id": "C0002521",
"name": "branched-chain amino acids",
"pos": [
68,
94
]
} | {
"id": "C0042285",
"name": "valine",
"pos": [
105,
111
]
} |
we developed an automated enzymatic method for determination of the branched-chain amino acids ( bcaas ; valine , isoleucine , leucine ) and tyrosine in serum , and applied it to the clinical evaluation of patients with various hepatic diseases . | NA | {
"id": "C0002521",
"name": "branched-chain amino acids",
"pos": [
68,
94
]
} | {
"id": "C0022192",
"name": "isoleucine",
"pos": [
114,
124
]
} |
we developed an automated enzymatic method for determination of the branched-chain amino acids ( bcaas ; valine , isoleucine , leucine ) and tyrosine in serum , and applied it to the clinical evaluation of patients with various hepatic diseases . | NA | {
"id": "C0002521",
"name": "branched-chain amino acids",
"pos": [
68,
94
]
} | {
"id": "C0023401",
"name": "leucine",
"pos": [
127,
134
]
} |
( h ) and nichols institute diagnostics ( nd ) , we measured somatotropin ( human growth hormone , hgh ) in serum samples obtained every 20 min for 24 h from 10 prepubertal subjects with short stature . | NA | {
"id": "C0037663",
"name": "somatotropin",
"pos": [
61,
73
]
} | {
"id": "C0169964",
"name": "human growth hormone",
"pos": [
76,
96
]
} |
( h ) and nichols institute diagnostics ( nd ) , we measured somatotropin ( human growth hormone , hgh ) in serum samples obtained every 20 min for 24 h from 10 prepubertal subjects with short stature . | NA | {
"id": "C0037663",
"name": "somatotropin",
"pos": [
61,
73
]
} | {
"id": "C3714500",
"name": "hgh",
"pos": [
99,
102
]
} |
results of electrophoresis on agarose gel and radioactivity-recovery studies indicate that our micro-centrifugation and slicing procedures result in clean separation of vldl from other lipoproteins . | NA | {
"id": "C0023825",
"name": "vldl",
"pos": [
169,
173
]
} | {
"id": "C0023820",
"name": "lipoproteins",
"pos": [
185,
197
]
} |
a controlled network of nucleic acid hybrids composed of the target fragment , several oligonucleotide probes , branched dna amplifiers , and labeled oligonucleotides is produced on a solid phase to ultimately incorporate 60 to 300 molecules of alkaline phosphatase , which are detected with a chemiluminescent substrate . | NA | {
"id": "C0028606",
"name": "nucleic acid",
"pos": [
24,
36
]
} | {
"id": "C0012854",
"name": "dna",
"pos": [
121,
124
]
} |
use in therapeutic drug monitoring includes determination of theophylline , caffeine , chloramphenicol , ethosuximide , primidone , phenobarbital , phenacemide , phenytoin , mephenytoin , nirvanol , and carbamazepine and its bioactive metabolites within 13 min . | NA | {
"id": "C0033148",
"name": "primidone",
"pos": [
120,
129
]
} | {
"id": "C0031412",
"name": "phenobarbital",
"pos": [
132,
145
]
} |
in the `` '' toxicology mode '' '' theophylline , caffeine , barbital , butabarbital , pentobarbital , amobarbital , secobarbital , primidone , phenobarbital , methylprylon , glutethimide , methaqualone , phenytoin , mephenytoin , nirvanol , and carbamazepine and its bioactive metabolites are resolved within 17 min . | NA | {
"id": "C0033148",
"name": ", primido",
"pos": [
130,
139
]
} | {
"id": "C0031412",
"name": ", phenobarbit",
"pos": [
142,
155
]
} |
uroporphyrin , hepatacarboxylic acid porphyrin , hexacarboxylic acid porphyrin , pentacarboxylic acid porphyrin , and coproporphyrin i and iii isomers are then separated on a reversed-phase column and measured by fluorometry . | NA | {
"id": "C0042093",
"name": "uroporphyrin",
"pos": [
0,
12
]
} | {
"id": "C0032712",
"name": "porphyrin",
"pos": [
123,
132
]
} |
putrescine and spermidine excretion in urine from patients with blood cancers and solid cancers was significantly increased . | NA | {
"id": "C0034170",
"name": "putrescine",
"pos": [
0,
10
]
} | {
"id": "C0037871",
"name": "excretion",
"pos": [
26,
35
]
} |
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